| antimicrobial activities of thiolactomycin against gram-negative anaerobes associated with periodontal disease. f1. | thiolactomycin (tlm), (4r)-(2e,5e)-2,4,6-trimethyl-3-hydroxy-2,5, 7-octatriene-4-thiolide, purified from a culture filtrate of a strain of the nocardia species, was examined for antimicrobial activities against more than 100 strains of oral and periodontally associated bacteria. nine other commonly used antibiotics were also included for the test. we found that tlm exhibited strong and selective antimicrobial activities against bacteroides gingivalis and other oral black-pigmented bacteroides sp ... | 1990 | 2098714 |
| the effect of metronidazole on the anaerobic microorganisms of the root canal--a clinical study. | the antibacterial effect of 0.25% metronidazole solution as root canal irrigant on anaerobic bacteria was studied in ten central incisors. each tooth was treated at four appointments, and the presence of anaerobes in the root canal was studied on each occasion. no antibacterial intracanal dressings were used between the appointments. no anaerobes could be recovered from any tooth on the fifth appointment. in the control group, where normal saline was used as an irrigant, anaerobes could be recov ... | 1990 | 2100667 |
| arthritis by autoreactive t cell lines obtained from rats after injection of intestinal bacterial cell wall fragments. | t cell lines (b13, b19) were isolated from the lymph nodes of lewis rats 12 days after an arthritogenic injection of cell wall fragments of eubacterium aerofaciens (ecw), a major resident of the human intestinal flora. these cell wall fragments consist of peptidoglycan polysaccharide complexes (ppc). the cell lines that bear the helper phenotype were arthritogenic in knee or ankle joints upon intravenous injection into irradiated lewis recipients. b13 was, however, not arthritogenic in irradiate ... | 1992 | 1733514 |
| histology of joint inflammation induced in rats by cell wall fragments of the anaerobic intestinal bacterium eubacterium aerofaciens. | to study the arthropathic properties of human intestinal bacteria, cell wall fragments (cwf) of the anaerobic bowel bacterium eubacterium aerofaciens were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) in arthritis-susceptible lewis rats. rat paw joints were subsequently studied for histopathological changes. a persisting synovitis accompanied by marginal erosions of cartilage and bone and a marked periosteal apposition of new bone tissue were the main features of the polyarthritis induced. these results are ... | 1991 | 1784889 |
| serum antibodies to periodontal bacteria. | the purpose of this study was to determine how serum antibodies reactive with periodontitis-associated bacteria with relates to the diagnosis of periodontitis subjects. study groups included localized juvenile periodontitis (ljp) subjects, severe periodontitis (sp) subjects, chronic adult periodontitis (ap) subjects, and age matched controls. twenty-two bacterial strains, representing 18 different species most commonly found in early onset periodontitis were evaluated using serum from ljp, sp, a ... | 1990 | 2117654 |
| an ancient group i intron shared by eubacteria and chloroplasts. | introns have been found in the genomes of all major groups of organisms except eubacteria. the presence of introns in chloroplasts and mitochondria, both of which are of eubacterial origin, has been interpreted as evidence either for the recent acquisition of introns by organelles or for the loss of introns from their eubacterial progenitors. the gene for the leucine transfer rna with a uaa anticodon [trnaleu (uaa)] from five diverse cyanobacteria and several major groups of chloroplasts contain ... | 1990 | 2125748 |
| 5s rrna sequences of myxobacteria and radioresistant bacteria and implications for eubacterial evolution. | 5s rrna sequences were determined for the myxobacteria cystobacter fuscus, myxococcus coralloides, sorangium cellulosum, and nannocystis exedens and for the radioresistant bacteria deinococcus radiodurans and deinococcus radiophilus. a dendrogram was constructed by using weighted pairwise grouping based on these and all other previously known eubacterial 5s rrna sequences, and this dendrogram showed differences as well as similarities compared with results derived from 16s rrna analyses. in the ... | 1990 | 2125831 |
| comparison of the intestinal bacteria in specific pathogen free mice from different breeders. | specific pathogen free balb/c mice from 3 commercial laboratory animal breeders in japan were compared on the composition of caecal flora revealed by selective and nonselective cultivation as well as direct microscopical observation on smears, and relative caecal weight. large differences were detected in viable counts of total bacteria and almost all bacterial groups, while direct microscopical counts which consisted mainly of fusiform bacteria were almost equal, resulting in diverse recovery r ... | 1990 | 2141820 |
| enzymatic sulfation of polyphenols related to tannins by arylsulfotransferase. | this report discusses a novel type of arylsulfotransferase (ast) which was derived from human intestinal bacterium sulfated polyphenolic compounds when p-nitrophenyl sulfate (pns) was taken as a donor substrate. (+)-catechin, (+/-)-catechin, (-)-epicatechin and (-)-epicatechin gallate were better substrates than tyramine. (-)-epigallocatechin and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate were slightly worse substrates than tyramine. although gallic acid was a bad substrate, alkyl gallate esters were better s ... | 1991 | 1806284 |
| evidence for the establishment of aphid-eubacterium endosymbiosis in an ancestor of four aphid families. | aphids (superfamily aphidoidea) contain eubacterial endosymbionts localized within specialized cells (mycetocytes). the endosymbionts are essential for the survival of the aphid hosts. sequence analyses of the 16s rrnas from endosymbionts of 11 aphid species from seven tribes and four families have indicated that the endosymbionts are monophyletic. furthermore, phylogenetic relationships within the symbiont clade parallel the relationships of the corresponding aphid hosts. our findings suggest t ... | 1991 | 1917864 |
| purification and characterization of a monomeric isocitrate dehydrogenase with dual coenzyme specificity from the photosynthetic bacterium rhodomicrobium vannielii. | an isocitrate dehydrogenase able to function with either nadp or nad as coenzyme was purified to homogeneity from cell-free extracts of the purple photosynthetic eubacterium rhodomicrobium vannielii using a rapid two-step procedure involving dye-ligand affinity chromatography. the enzyme was obtained in 60% yield with specific activities of 23 u.mg protein-1 (nadp-linked reaction) and 18.5 u.mg protein-1 (nad-linked reaction). the purified enzyme was monomeric and migrated with an approximate mr ... | 1991 | 1935983 |
| rapid method for altering bacterial ribosome-binding sequences for overexpression of proteins in escherichia coli. | in an escherichia coli expression system, two genes, one from an anaerobic intestinal bacterium and one from e. coli, were overexpressed following the alteration of ribosome-binding (shine-dalgarno) sequences. for both genes, the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to modify the ribosome-binding sequence and, at the same time, provide restriction endonuclease sequences at each end of the gene. these restriction endonuclease sequences were used for inserting the dna into the e. coli plasmid ... | 1991 | 1821779 |
| a multicentre study to evaluate the effect of sulbactam/ampicillin combination on anaerobic micro-organisms. | ampicillin combined with the beta-lactamase inhibitor sulbactam was compared with ampicillin alone, cefoxitin and metronidazole against 569 clinical strains of anaerobic organisms. the strains included 289 species of bacteroides, 160 strains of clostridium and 120 strains of various species of streptococcus/peptostreptococus, fusobacterium, veillonella, eubacterium, bifidobacterium, actinomyces and propionibacterium. sulbactam/ampicillin was as effective as cefoxitin and metronidazole against al ... | 1990 | 2193834 |
| effects of subgingival irrigation on bacteremia following scaling and root planing. | the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of professional subgingival irrigation, together with subsequent patient administered home marginal irrigation, on the incidence of bacteremia after scaling and root planing (sc/rp). a total of 60 periodontal maintenance patients were assigned to either group 1: subgingival irrigation, with 0.12% chx and daily marginal irrigation with 0.04% chx; group 2: subgingival irrigation with 0.12% chx and daily marginal irrigation with water; group 3: ... | 1990 | 2201759 |
| azoreductase activity of anaerobic bacteria isolated from human intestinal microflora. | a plate assay was developed for the detection of anaerobic bacteria that produce azoreductases. with this plate assay, 10 strains of anaerobic bacteria capable of reducing azo dyes were isolated from human feces and identified as eubacterium hadrum (2 strains), eubacterium spp. (2 species), clostridium clostridiiforme, a butyrivibrio sp., a bacteroides sp., clostridium paraputrificum, clostridium nexile, and a clostridium sp. the average rate of reduction of direct blue 15 dye (a dimethoxybenzid ... | 1990 | 2202258 |
| [comparative studies of the detection of corynebacterium suis infections in swine by indirect immunofluorescence and culture]. | in a comparative study 47 urine samples of sows and 9 swabs of preputial diverticulum of boars were investigated for detection of corynebacterium suis (eubacterium suis) using an indirect immunofluorescent technique, a gram stained preparation, a direct culture technique and a culture technique after enrichment. examinations show that the indirect immunofluorescent technique and the enriched culture technique provide the best results, but that the fluorescent technique saves time and expenses. a ... | 1990 | 2206124 |
| the delta subunit of the chloroplast atpase is plastid-encoded in the diatom odontella sinensis. | a 5.2 kb psti restriction fragment containing the atpa gene cluster of the plastic genome of the centric diatom odontella sinensis was cloned. sequencing revealed a reading frame of 561 bp separating the genes atpf and atpa, which is preceded by a putative ribosome binding site. the third nucleotide of the codon for the last amino acid of atpf is the first nucleotide of the initiation codon of the 561 bp reading frame. the amino acid sequence deduced from the nucleotide sequence of this gene (at ... | 1991 | 1826484 |
| eubacterium lentum atcc 43055, a new reference strain for quality control of anaerobic susceptibility tests. | a strain of eubacterium lentum (atcc 43055) was selected for quality control of anaerobic susceptibility tests. multilaboratory collaborative studies with 13 different antimicrobial agents were reviewed, and mic control limits were proposed for agar dilution tests with the new control strain. | 1990 | 2229368 |
| isolation and identification of anaerobic bacteria from ovine foot rot in spain. | a microbiological study was made of 125 merino sheep showing clinical signs of foot rot. a total of 435 strictly anaerobic strains were isolated, belonging to the following genera: bacteroides, peptostreptococcus, tissierella, fusobacterium, megasphaera, eubacterium, acidaminococcus, clostridium, peptococcus and propionibacterium. of the 35 species obtained, the following were found in more than 10 per cent of animals sampled: bacteroides nodosus, b putredinis, b buccae, b ruminicola subspecies ... | 1990 | 2236925 |
| use of 23na nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to determine the true intracellular concentration of free sodium in a halophilic eubacterium. | we present new data obtained by 23na nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, which can distinguish free intracellular sodium from cell-bound sodium, showing that the intracellular concentration of na+ the halophilic eubacterium vibrio costicola is only 5 to 20% of that in the extracellular medium. previous methods could not distinguish free intracellular na+ from that bound to cell structures, and it was believed that in halophilic eubacteria the total monovalent cation concentration inside mat ... | 1991 | 1938904 |
| bacteriological study of juvenile periodontitis in china. | the predominant cultivable bacteria associated with juvenile periodontitis (jp) in china were studied for the first time. subgingival plaque samples were taken on paper points from 23 diseased sites in 15 jp patients and from 7 healthy sites in 7 control subjects. serially diluted plaque samples were plated on nonselective blood agar and on mgb agar, a selective medium for the isolation of actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. fifteen or more isolated colonies from each sample (in sequence witho ... | 1991 | 1832453 |
| a polymerase chain reaction-based approach to cloning sigma factors from eubacteria and its application to the isolation of a sigma-70 homolog from chlamydia trachomatis. | taking advantage of the known sequence conservation of portions of bacterial sigma factor proteins, we have designed degenerate oligonucleotides corresponding to these domains and used these synthetic dna sequences as primers in a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to amplify dna sequences from the chlamydial genome. the pcr products were used as a probe to recover the genomic fragments from a library of cloned murine chlamydia trachomatis dna. sequence analysis of one of these clones revealed stri ... | 1990 | 2110143 |
| purification of a thermostable dna polymerase from a thermotoga species. | | 1990 | 1963763 |
| obligately anaerobic bacterial species isolated from foot-rot lesions in goats. | lesions showing clinical signs of foot-rot from 120 goats were cultured on six selective media during october 1987 to november 1988. a total of 582 strictly anaerobic microorganisms belonging to 50 different species was isolated and identified. the anaerobes most frequently isolated belonged to the following genera: bacteroides (80%), peptostreptococcus (63.6%), megasphaera (40%), fusobacterium (29.2%), clostridium (22.5%), propionibacterium (12.5%), eubacterium (11.7%) and leptotrichia (10.8%). ... | 1990 | 2271912 |
| identification of bacterial periplasmic glycine betaine-binding protein after electrophoresis and affinity labeling. | antibodies were elicited in rabbits against periplasmic proteins obtained by cold osmotic shock from the gram-negative eubacterium rhizobium meliloti. when analyzed by crossed immunoelectrophoresis (cie), the periplasmic proteins gave rise to 20 distinct immunoprecipitates corresponding to the same number of bands in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page) under non-denaturing conditions and in sds-page. the periplasmic glycine betaine-binding protein (gb-bp) was identified by autoradiography ... | 1990 | 2273200 |
| structural aspects of proton-pumping atpases. | atp synthase is found in bacteria, chloroplasts and mitochondria. the simplest known example of such an enzyme is that in the eubacterium escherichia coli; it is a membrane-bound assembly of eight different polypeptides assembled with a stoichiometry of alpha 3 beta 3 gamma 1 delta 1 epsilon 1 a1b2c10-12. the first five of these constitute a globular structure, f1-atpase, which is bound to an intrinsic membrane domain, f0, an assembly of the three remaining subunits. atp synthases driven by phot ... | 1990 | 1970643 |
| bacteremia due to anaerobic bacteria in newborns. | awareness of the role of anaerobic bacteria in neonatal bacteremia has increased in recent years. the incidence of recovery of anaerobes in neonatal bacteremia varies, according to different studies, between 1.8% and 12.5%. of the 178 cases reported in the literature, 73 were due to bacteroides species (69 were the bacteroides fragilis group), 57 clostridium species (mostly clostridium perfringens), 35 peptostreptococci, 5 propionibacterium acnes, 3 veillonella species, 3 fusobacterium species, ... | 1990 | 2277280 |
| quality control criteria for testing the susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to meropenem. | reference values for quality control of in vitro susceptibility tests with meropenem against anaerobic bacteria were determined in a multilaboratory study by the approved national committee for clinical laboratory standards agar dilution method for the four quality control strains. the study protocol also included the evaluation of microdilution testing, medium additives, and multiple lots of media. the recommended mic control ranges for three of the control organisms are as follows: bacteroides ... | 1990 | 2280013 |
| [effect of bmy-28100 on bacterial flora in adult human feces]. | we investigated effects of bmy-28100 on fecal bacteria. bmy-28100 was administered orally to 8 healthy male volunteers between 20 and 24 years of age weighing between 58.0 and 79.5 kg. all subjects were given one 250 mg capsule 3 times a day at 30 minutes after meal for 7 days. fecal bacterial counts were examined 5 days before the start of administration, the day of the start of administration, 3, 5 and 7 days after the start of administration, and 3, 5, 10, 20 and 30 days after the end of admi ... | 1990 | 2287057 |
| thermostable cellobiohydrolase from the thermophilic eubacterium thermotoga sp. strain fjss3-b.1. purification and properties. | exo-1,4-beta-cellobiohydrolase (ec 3.2.1.91) was isolated from the culture supernatant of thermotoga sp. strain fjss3-b.1, an extremely thermophilic eubacterium that grows optimally at 80 degrees c. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity as determined by sds/page and has an mr of 36,000. the enzyme is the most thermostable cellulase reported to date, with a half-life at 108 degrees c of 70 min in buffer. in a 40 min assay, maximal activity was recorded at 105 degrees c. cellobiohydrolase from st ... | 1991 | 1872819 |
| kinetic studies on a novel sulfotransferase from eubacterium a-44, a human intestinal bacterium. | a novel sulfotransferase purified from a human intestinal bacterium stoichiometrically catalyzed the transfer of a sulfate group of phenylsulfate esters to phenolic compounds. vmax values of the enzyme reaction were measured with various concentrations of a sulfate donor substrate, p-nitrophenylsulfate, and of a sulfate acceptor substrate, tyramine. double reciprocal plots of the acceptor concentration and vmax showed a linear correlation. one of the reaction products, tyramine o-sulfate, compet ... | 1991 | 1901853 |
| properties of a 4-ene-3-ketosteroid-5 alpha-reductase in cell extracts of the intestinal anaerobe, eubacterium sp. strain 144. | when eubacterium sp. 144 was grown in the presence of progesterone, extracts of these cells contained a 4-ene-3-ketosteroid-5 alpha-reductase (5 alpha-reductase). no evidence for the presence of a 5 beta-steroid-reductase or a 5 alpha to 5 beta-steroid-isomerase was found. 5 alpha-reductase activity was dependent on reduced methyl viologen as the electron donor and this could be generated biologically by adding pyruvate or h2 to cell extracts or chemically by adding sodium dithionite. nadh or na ... | 1991 | 1911427 |
| lactate dehydrogenase from the extreme thermophile thermotoga maritima. | lactate dehydrogenase was isolated from the extreme thermophilic eubacterium thermotoga maritima. the enzyme is stereospecific for l(+)-lactate. it represents a homotetramer of 144 kda molecular mass, with a sedimentation coefficient of s20,w approximately 7 s. under physiological temperature conditions, the enzyme shows high catalytic efficiency with a broad ph optimum at ph 7.0 +/- 1.0, and long-term stability up to 80 degrees c. the coenzyme, nad+, and the effector fructose 1,6-bisphosphate [ ... | 1990 | 2318202 |
| mechanism of intestinal 7 alpha-dehydroxylation of cholic acid: evidence that allo-deoxycholic acid is an inducible side-product. | we previously reported that the 7 alpha-dehydroxylation of cholic acid appears to be carried out by a multi-step pathway in intestinal anaerobic bacteria both in vitro and in vivo. the pathway is hypothesized to involve an initial oxidation of the 3 alpha-hydroxy group and the introduction of a double bond at c4-c5 generating a 3-oxo-4-cholenoic bile acid intermediate. the loss of water generates a 3-oxo-4,6-choldienoic bile acid which is reduced (three steps) yielding deoxycholic acid. we synth ... | 1991 | 2010697 |
| growth stimulation of treponema denticola by periodontal microorganisms. | previous experiments have indicated that enrichment of subgingival plaque in human serum can lead to the accumulation of treponema denticola. t. denticola depends on bacterial interactions for its growth in serum. aim of the present study was to identify specific microorganisms involved in the growth stimulation of t. denticola. to this end, strains isolated from previous plaque enrichment cultures were tested for growth stimulation in co-cultures with t. denticola. in addition, growth of t. den ... | 1990 | 2321929 |
| seven-pathogen tricuspid endocarditis in an intravenous drug abuser. pitfalls in laboratory diagnosis. | polymicrobial endocarditis is being reported with increasing frequency in drug abusers. however, the full extent of infection may be unrecognized with routine blood culture techniques because of the overgrowth of more fastidious organisms by other pathogens. this report documents an intravenous drug abuser with the first reported case of tricuspid valve endocarditis involving seven pathogens, discusses pitfalls of routine blood cultures and examines the role of the laboratory in microbiologic di ... | 1991 | 1989813 |
| the effect of salinity on the phase behaviour of total lipid extracts and binary mixtures of the major phospholipids isolated from a moderately halophilic eubacterium. | the effects of molar nacl concentrations on the phase behaviour of the total lipid extracts and binary mixtures of the major phospholipids, namely phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) and phosphatidylglycerol (pg), isolated from the moderately halophilic eubacterium, vibrio costicola, grown in 1 m and 3 m nacl containing media have been studied using x-ray diffraction and freeze-fracture electron microscopy. the effect of both the pe/pg ratio and alterations in fatty acid composition were examined by u ... | 1991 | 1998695 |
| folding intermediates of hyperthermophilic d-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from thermotoga maritima are trapped at low temperature. | d-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the hyperthermophilic eubacterium, thermotoga maritima, is extremely thermostable showing a thermal transition beyond 105 degrees c. at low temperature, 'cold denaturation' becomes detectable only in the presence of destabilizing agents. reconstitution after preceding denaturation depends on temperature. at 0 degree c, no significant recovery of activity is detectable, whereas between 30 and 100 degrees c reactivation reaches up to 85%. shifting th ... | 1991 | 1915883 |
| experimental immune mediated arthritis in rhesus monkeys. a model for human rheumatoid arthritis? | the induction of experimental arthritis in rhesus monkeys was studied by intradermal immunization of bovine type ii collagen and antigens derived from mycobacterium tuberculosis, streptococcus pyogenes, and eubacterium aerofaciens. the tested bacterial antigens proved to be not arthrogenic. bovine type ii collagen induced clinical arthritis in 50% of the rhesus monkeys. type ii collagen induced arthritis in rhesus monkeys proved to be a potential model to study clinical, serological, histologica ... | 1990 | 2353150 |
| characteristics of 16-dehydroprogesterone reductase in cell extracts of the intestinal anaerobe, eubacterium sp. strain 144. | 16-dehydroprogesterone reductase (16-dhpr) activity was present in cell extracts of eubacterium sp. strain 144 only when the organism was grown in the presence of steroids containing a delta 16-17 double bond and c-20-ketone. cells grown with 16-dehydropregnenolone contained 16-dhpr activity but lacked delta 4-5-3-keto steroid reductase activity. pyruvate or sodium dithionite served as electron donors for 16-dhpr and both reactions required methyl viologen as an electron carrier. neither nadh no ... | 1991 | 2004047 |
| the amino acid sequence of a major protein component in the light harvesting complex of the green photosynthetic bacterium chlorobium limicola f. thiosulfatophilum. | a 7.5-kda protein has been isolated from chlorosomes of chlorobium limicola f. thiosulfatophilum and the complete primary structure determined by a combination of automatic edman degradation and plasma desorption mass spectrometry. the 74-residue protein shows great homology to a similar protein of unknown function which has been isolated from pelodictyon luteolum but otherwise no significant homology to other proteins can be found. the possible role of the protein in the structure and function ... | 1991 | 2015294 |
| dna-dependent rna polymerase from an extremely thermophilic hydrogen-oxidizing bacterium calderobacterium hydrogenophilum. | extremely thermophilic bacterium calderobacterium hydrogenophilum contains dna-dependent rna polymerase with unusual properties. purified enzyme is thermoresistant (40 min at 100 degrees c) and exhibits similar subunit composition as eubacterial rna polymerases (e.g. escherichia coli). however, the enzyme is not susceptible to antibiotics which inhibit eubacterial rna polymerases (rifampicin and streptolydigin). the activity of the enzyme is inhibited by actinomycin d, daunomycin and heparin. | 1991 | 2025266 |
| 4-o-(1-carboxyethyl)-l-rhamnose, a second unique acidic sugar found in an extracellular polysaccharide from butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strain 49. | butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strain 49 excretes a polysaccharide that contains d-glucose, d-galactose, 4-o-(1-carboxyethyl)-d-galactose, and an acidic component of previously unknown structure. we report here the identity of the unknown as 4-o-(1-carboxyethyl)-l-rhamnose. the structure of this previously unknown compound was deduced from (1) comprehensive electron-impact and chemical-ionization mass-spectroscopic studies of differentially labelled derivatives prepared from the unknown, (2) 13c-n.m. ... | 1990 | 2363673 |
| multiple copies of a bile acid-inducible gene in eubacterium sp. strain vpi 12708. | eubacterium sp. strain vpi 12708 is an anaerobic intestinal bacterium which possesses inducible bile acid 7-dehydroxylation activity. several new polypeptides are produced in this strain following induction with cholic acid. genes coding for two copies of a bile acid-inducible 27,000-dalton polypeptide (baia1 and baia2) have been previously cloned and sequenced. we now report on a gene coding for a third copy of this 27,000-dalton polypeptide (baia3). the baia3 gene has been cloned in lambda das ... | 1990 | 2376563 |
| isolation and physical properties of the dna-directed rna polymerase from thermus thermophilus hb8. | the dna-directed rna polymerase from the extremely thermophilic eubacterium thermus thermophilus hb8 was purified employing a new and rapid method. the subunit pattern of the enzyme, analyzed by sds gel electrophoresis, was interpreted as: 140 kda and 170 kda for beta and beta', 40 kda for alpha and 92 kda for sigma. the rna polymerase is active at elevated temperatures (65 degrees c). kinetic data provide evidence for the existence of two ntp binding sites with very strong cooperativity. the pr ... | 1990 | 2384094 |
| structure of the glycan chain from the surface layer glycoprotein of bacillus alvei ccm 2051. | the cell surface of the mesophilic eubacterium bacillus alvei ccm 2051 is covered by an oblique arranged surface layer glycoprotein. the subunits revealed by sodium dodecyl sulfate - polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were distinct bands of molecular masses 140,000, 128,000, and 127,000. proteolytic degradation of the purified s-layer glycoprotein yielded a single glycopeptide fraction with an apparent molecular mass of ca. 25,000. methylation analysis in conjunction with two-dimensional nuclear ... | 1991 | 2043344 |
| the microbial flora from root canals and periodontal pockets of non-vital teeth associated with advanced periodontitis. | microflora from root canals and periodontal pockets of periodontally affected teeth were compared in order to elucidate the as yet unknown relationship between pulpal and periodontal disease. caries-free teeth affected with advanced periodontitis and diagnosed as clinically dead by electric pulp testing were selected. the root canals and periodontal pockets were sampled, and the bacterial flora examined by both culture and interference microscopy. the results indicated that the aerobe/anaerobe r ... | 1990 | 2391182 |
| complete amino-acid sequence of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the hyperthermophilic eubacterium thermotoga maritima. | 1. the complete amino-acid sequence of d-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) from the extreme thermophilic eubacterium thermotoga maritima has been determined by classical automated sequence analysis of peptides derived by chemical fragmentation with cyanogen bromide and enzymatic cleavages with specific proteases. 2. the protein contains 332 amino acids per subunit. its sequence is as follows: (sequence; see text) 3. comparing the given sequence with those of the enzymes from the m ... | 1990 | 2401296 |
| induction and inhibition of novel sulfotransferase in a human intestinal bacterium, eubacterium sp. a-44. | induction and inhibition of a novel sulfotransferase produced by eubacterium sp. a-44 isolated from human feces have been studied. production of the enzyme was induced by phenylsulfate esters, sulfate donor substrates, but not by phenols, sulfate acceptor substrates, or inorganic sulfate. p-nitrophenylsulfate (pns), a good donor substrate, stimulated enzyme production more than 10-fold. sulfotransferase production was strongly inhibited by phenylphosphate esters. enzyme activity was competitivel ... | 1991 | 2070456 |
| the sequence of the 6s rna gene of pseudomonas aeruginosa. | from the gram-negative eubacterium pseudomonas aeruginosa we have isolated a stable 6s rna, approximately 180 nucleotides in length. the rna was partially sequenced and identified by comparison with the known escherichia coli 6s rna sequence. southern hybridizations revealed a single copy gene coding for the 6s rna. dna from other prokaryotes, i.e. e. coli, thermus thermophilus, bacillus subtilis, bacillus stearothermophilus and halobacterium maris mortui, did not give detectable hybridization s ... | 1987 | 2438656 |
| molecular cloning of a gene encoding a 45,000-dalton polypeptide associated with bile acid 7-dehydroxylation in eubacterium sp. strain vpi 12708. | eubacterium sp. strain vpi 12708 is an intestinal anaerobic bacterium which possesses an inducible bile acid 7-dehydroxylation activity. two cholic acid-induced polypeptides with apparent molecular weights of 27,000 and 45,000, respectively, coeluted with bile acid 7-dehydroxylation activity upon anaerobic high-performance gel filtration chromatography of crude cellular protein extracts. the 45,000-dalton polypeptide was purified to greater than 95% homogeneity by high-performance liquid chromat ... | 1988 | 2448288 |
| hydrophobicities of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and oral bacteroides and porphyromonas spp., wolinella recta, and eubacterium yurii with special reference to bacterial surface structures. | the hydrophobicities of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmnls) and bacteroides buccae, b. oris, b. oralis, b. veroralis, b. buccalis, b. heparinolyticus, b. intermedius, b. denticola, b. loescheii, b. melaninogenicus, porphyromonas gingivalis, p. endodontalis, wolinella recta, and eubacterium yurii were studied by the hexadecane method. the majority of the strains were equally or less hydrophobic than the pmnls. only in the case of e. yurii and the only strain of b. buccalis were all strains ... | 1990 | 2091243 |
| compositional statistics: an improvement of evolutionary parsimony and its application to deep branches in the tree of life. | we present compositional statistics, a new method of phylogenetic inference, which is an extension of evolutionary parsimony. compositional statistics takes account of the base composition of the compared sequences by using nucleotide positions that evolutionary parsimony ignores. it shares with evolutionary parsimony the features of rate invariance and the fundamental distinction between transitions and transversions. of the presently available methods of phylogenetic inference, compositional s ... | 1990 | 2116531 |
| mcri: a novel class-ii restriction endonuclease from micrococcus cryophilus recognizing 5'-cgry/cg-3'. | a new class-ii restriction endonuclease, mcri, with a novel sequence specificity as isolated from the gram-positive eubacterium micrococcus cryophilus. mcri recognizes the palindromic hexanucleotide sequence. [sequence: see text] the novel enzyme in the presence of mg2(+)-ions cleaves specifically both strands as indicated by the arrows. the staggered cuts generate 3'-protruding ends with single-stranded 5'-ry-3' dinucleotide extensions. the mcri recognition sequence was deduced from mapping dat ... | 1990 | 2162784 |
| application of chemotaxonomic techniques to the taxonomy of anaerobic bacteria. | the use of chemical characters in bacterial classification and identification has proved to be an essential component of modern systematics. several clinically important anaerobic genera, such as bacteroides, clostridium, eubacterium, fusobacterium and peptostreptococcus, are known to be heterogeneous of the basis of chemotaxonomic and genetic data and are in need of further examination. recent work on bacteriodes has led to the genus being redefined and restricted to species within the former b ... | 1989 | 2479974 |
| the physiological role of eubacterial histone-like proteins. | this minireview reflects the change in views on the role of histone-like proteins which has occurred in the 1980 s. initially these proteins were regarded as analogous to eukaryotic histones though distinguished from the latter by much lower strength of binding to dna. this was attributed to the greater dynamics of the structure of bacterial chromatin. the accumulation in recent years of results testifying to the absence of protein hu in central region of the nucleoid and the participation of th ... | 1989 | 2484739 |
| [isolation of anaerobes during a 30-month observation at a hospital microbiology laboratory]. | the authors evaluate retrospectively the results obtained from the research of anaerobial bacteria on 1313 samples received at the microbiology laboratory of the "ospedale civile di ivrea" over a period of 31 months (6/1/86-12/31/88). from this evaluation, high percentages of detection of anaerobic bacteria are emerging in the following infections: appendiculare abscesses (60%), intestinal operations (71%), wounds (57%), tubovarian abscesses (100%), as well as thoracic empyema (50%). also releva ... | 1989 | 2490397 |
| the 4.5s rna gene from pseudomonas aeruginosa. | the essential 4.5s rna of escherichia coli contains a structural motif, which is also present in rnas from other organisms, i.e. bacillus subtilis scrna, halobacterium halobium 7s rna and eukaryotic 7sl rnas. this suggests a common function in all organisms, which could be related to protein translocation, since 7sl rna is essential for this process in eukaryotes. we have analysed the structure and expression of the 4.5s rna gene from another gram-negative eubacterium, pseudomonas aeruginosa. th ... | 1989 | 2492094 |
| duplication of the tuf gene: a new insight into the phylogeny of eubacteria. | the conservation and duplication of the tuf gene encoding the elongation factor ef-tu were used to define phylogenetic relationships among eubacteria. when the tufa gene of escherichia coli was used as a probe in hybridization experiments, duplicate tuf genes were found in gram-negative bacteria from three major phyla: purple bacteria, bacteroides, and cyanobacteria. only a single copy of tuf was found in gram-positive bacteria, including mycobacteria and mycoplasmas. gram-positive clostridia we ... | 1989 | 2492503 |
| structural and functional exchangeability of 5 s rna species from the eubacterium e.coli and the thermoacidophilic archaebacterium sulfolobus solfataricus. | the role of 5 s rna within the large ribosomal subunit of the extremely thermophilic archaebacterium sulfolobus solfataricus has been analysed by means of in vitro reconstitution procedures. it is shown that sulfolobus 50 s subunits reconstituted in the absence of 5 s rna are inactive in protein synthesis and lack 2-3 ribosomal proteins. furthermore, it has been determined that in the course of the in vitro assembly process sulfolobus 5 s rna can be replaced by the correspondent rna species of e ... | 1989 | 2493632 |
| purification and partial characterization of the glycine decarboxylase multienzyme complex from eubacterium acidaminophilum. | the proteins p1, p2, and p4 of the glycine cleavage system have been purified from the anaerobic, glycine-utilizing bacterium eubacterium acidaminophilum. by gel filtration, these proteins were determined to have mrs of 225,000, 15,500, and 49,000, respectively. by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, protein p1 was determined to have two subunits with mrs of 59,500 and 54,100, indicating an alpha 2 beta 2 tetramer, whereas the proteins p2 and p4 showed only single bands wi ... | 1989 | 2495273 |
| structure of ribosomes from thermomyces lanuginosus by electron microscopy and image processing. | multivariate statistical analysis and hierarchical ascendant classification techniques have been used to sort electron images of ribosomes from the thermophilic fungus thermomyces lanuginosus into their characteristic views. three predominant views were elucidated, called here overlap, non-overlap and top, showing reproducible detail approaching 1.8 nm resolution. the overlap and non-overlap forms of the fungal ribosomes appeared to be similar to those from the eubacterium escherichia coli, desp ... | 1990 | 2184898 |
| formation of amphetamine from its nitro analogue by anaerobic intestinal bacteria. | 1. microbial reduction of 1-phenyl-2-nitropropane 1 was carried out using 40 strains of intestinal anaerobic bacteria. among them, 12 strains (mitsuokella multiacidus, clostridium perfringens, c. innocuum, c. clostiriiforme, c. difficile, c. butyricum, c. sp., eubacterium limosum, e. aerofaciens, e. multiforme, peptostreptococcus anaerobius and p. productus) had the ability to reduce 1 to amphetamine 2 (0.1-1% yield). 2. clostridium species were more active than another intestinal anaerobic bact ... | 1990 | 2219956 |
| cloning and sequencing of a bile acid-inducible operon from eubacterium sp. strain vpi 12708. | two bile acid-inducible polypeptides from eubacterium sp. strain vpi 12708 with molecular weights of 27,000 and approximately 45,000 have previously been shown to be encoded by genes residing on a 2.9-kb ecori fragment. we now report the cloning and sequencing of three additional overlapping dna fragments upstream from this ecori fragment. together, these four fragments contain a large segment of a bile acid-inducible operon which encodes the 27,000- and 45,000-mr (now shown to be 47,500-mr) pol ... | 1990 | 2254270 |
| intestinal flora of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: induction of chronic arthritis in rats by cell wall fragments from isolated eubacterium aerofaciens strains. | the composition of the obligate anaerobic intestinal flora of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) differed from that of healthy subjects (hs). total numbers of aerobes as well as anaerobic coccoid rods were found elevated when compared with hs. eubacterium species were found in all stool samples of both groups; bifidobacterium species were present in seven (ra) and eight (hs) out of 10 subjects. from the flora of two ra patients and two hs eubacterium species were isolated and identified. ce ... | 1990 | 2257450 |
| comparison of identification methods for oral asaccharolytic eubacterium species. | thirty one strains of oral, asaccharolytic eubacterium spp. and the type strains of e. brachy, e. nodatum and e. timidum were subjected to three identification techniques--protein-profile analysis, determination of metabolic end-products, and the api atb32a identification kit. five clusters were obtained from numerical analysis of protein profiles and excellent correlations were seen with the other two methods. protein profiles alone allowed unequivocal identification. | 1990 | 2258911 |
| extremely thermostable d-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the eubacterium thermotoga maritima. | d-glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) from thermotoga maritima, a hyperthermophilic eubacterium, has been isolated in pure crystalline form. the enzyme is a homotetramer with a subunit molecular mass of 37 kda. the sedimentation coefficient of the native enzyme is 7.3 x 10(-13)s, the isoelectric point is 4.6, and the specific absorption coefficient a1%, 1cm 280nm = 8.4. the enzyme shows extreme thermal stability: differential scanning calorimetry yields a transition temperature (tm) ... | 1990 | 2271518 |
| purification and some properties of a thermostable dna polymerase from a thermotoga species. | a stable dna polymerase (ec 2.7.7.7) has been purified from the extremely thermophilic eubacterium thermotoga sp. strain fjss3-b.1 by a five-step purification procedure. first, the crude extract was treated with polyethylenimine to precipitate nucleic acids. the endonuclease activity coprecipitated. deae-sepharose, cm-sephrarose, and hydroxylapatite column chromatography were used to purify the preparation. as a final step on a small scale, preparative sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)-polyacrylamide ... | 1990 | 2275806 |
| sequence comparison of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases from the three urkingdoms: evolutionary implication. | the primary structure of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the archaebacteria shows striking deviation from the known sequences of eubacterial and eukaryotic sequences, despite unequivocal homologies in functionally important regions. thus, the structural similarity between the eubacterial and eukaryotic enzymes is significantly higher than that between the archaebacterial enzymes and the eubacterial and eukaryotic enzymes. this preferred similarity of eubacterial and eukaryotic ... | 1989 | 2497945 |
| purification and comparative studies of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenases from the anaerobic, glycine-utilizing bacteria peptostreptococcus glycinophilus, clostridium cylindrosporum, and clostridium sporogenes. | three different dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenases were purified to homogenity from the anaerobic glycine-utilizing bacteria clostridium cylindrosporum, clostridium sporogenes, and peptostreptococcus glycinophilus, and their basic properties were determined. the enzyme isolated from p. glycinophilus showed the properties typical of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenases: it was a dimer with a subunit molecular mass of 53,000 and contained 1 mol of flavin adenine dinucleotide and 2 redox-active sulfhydryl ... | 1990 | 2294086 |
| chronic arthritis induced in rats by cell wall fragments of eubacterium species from the human intestinal flora. | to investigate arthritis-inducing properties of eubacterium species, which are major residents of the human intestinal flora, cell wall fragments (cwf) of several eubacterium strains were prepared and tested in an animal model. after a single intraperitoneal injection in the rat, cwf of e. aerofaciens, e. contortum, and e. lentum induced a chronic polyarthritis. e. limosum and e. tortuosum cwf induced an acute self-limiting joint inflammation, whereas e. rectale cwf failed to do so. the rhamnose ... | 1990 | 2298490 |
| pathogenic potential of eubacterium yurii subspecies. | several mechanisms that could contribute to the periodontopathogenic potential of eubacterium yurii were investigated. all 18 strains examined produced rnaase and the metabolites h2s, indole and butyrate. some strains produced phosphatase and dnaase. methanol extracts of whole cells of e. yurii subspp. yurii and margaretiae stimulated bone resorption in vitro comparable to that produced by recognised periodontal pathogens. these results suggest that further studies should be performed to elucida ... | 1990 | 2304064 |
| purification of nadph-dependent electron-transferring flavoproteins and n-terminal protein sequence data of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenases from anaerobic, glycine-utilizing bacteria. | three electron-transferring flavoproteins were purified to homogeneity from anaerobic, amino acid-utilizing bacteria (bacterium w6, clostridium sporogenes, and clostridium sticklandii), characterized, and compared with the dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase of eubacterium acidaminophilum. all the proteins were found to be dimers consisting of two identical subunits with a subunit mr of about 35,000 and to contain about 1 mol of flavin adenine dinucleotide per subunit. spectra of the oxidized protein ... | 1990 | 2318809 |
| a non-passive mechanism of butyrate excretion operates during acidogenic fermentation of methanol by eubacterium limosum. | the inhibitory effects of organic acids produced as fermentation end-products during methylotrophic growth of the acidogenic anaerobe, eubacterium limosum have been investigated. precise quantification of the intracellular concentrations of acetate and butyrate, together with delta ph measurements indicate that butyrate efflux cannot be explained by a process of passive diffusion. intracellular concentrations of butyrate were significantly lower than those of the culture broth. it is argued that ... | 1990 | 2321932 |
| isolation of an atypically small lipoamide dehydrogenase involved in the glycine decarboxylase complex from eubacterium acidaminophilum. | the lipoamide dehydrogenase of the glycine decarboxylase complex was purified to homogeneity (8 u/mg) from cells of the anaerobe eubacterium acidaminophilum that were grown on glycine. in cell extracts four radioactive protein fractions labeled with d-[2-14c]riboflavin could be detected after gel filtration, one of which coeluted with lipoamide dehydrogenase activity. the molecular mass of the native enzyme could be determined by several methods to be 68 kilodaltons, and an enzyme with a molecul ... | 1989 | 2537814 |
| the phylogenetic relations of dna-dependent rna polymerases of archaebacteria, eukaryotes, and eubacteria. | unrooted phylogenetic dendrograms were calculated by two independent methods, parsimony and distance matrix analysis, from an alignment of the derived amino acid sequences of the a and c subunits of the dna-dependent rna polymerases of the archaebacteria sulfolobus acidocaldarius and halobacterium halobium with 12 corresponding sequences including a further set of archaebacterial a+c subunits, eukaryotic nuclear rna polymerases, pol i, pol ii, and pol iii, eubacterial beta' and chloroplast beta' ... | 1989 | 2541879 |
| a novel and remarkably thermostable ferredoxin from the hyperthermophilic archaebacterium pyrococcus furiosus. | the archaebacterium pyrococcus furiosus is a strict anaerobe that grows optimally at 100 degrees c by a fermentative-type metabolism in which h2 and co2 are the only detectable products. a ferredoxin, which functions as the electron donor to the hydrogenase of this organism was purified under anaerobic reducing conditions. it had a molecular weight of approximately 12,000 and contained 8 iron atoms and 8 cysteine residues/mol but lacked histidine or arginine residues. reduction and oxidation of ... | 1989 | 2542225 |
| 13c nmr study of the interrelation between synthesis and uptake of compatible solutes in two moderately halophilic eubacteria. bacterium ba1 and vibro costicola. | the synthesis and uptake of intracellular organic osmolytes (compatible solutes) were studied with the aid of natural abundance 13c nmr spectroscopy in two unrelated, moderately halophilic eubacteria: ba1 and vibrio costicola. in minimal media containing 1 m nacl, both microorganisms synthesized the cyclic amino acid, 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinecarboxylic acid (trivial name, ectoine) as the predominant compatible solute, provided that no glycine betaine was present in the growth med ... | 1990 | 2321951 |
| purification and characterization of a microbial, nadp-dependent bile acid 7 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. | a constitutively expressed 7 alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (7 alpha-hsdh) has been purified over 1200-fold, to apparent homogeneity, from an intestinal anaerobic bacterium. the purified protein had a subunit molecular mass of 32 kda as judged by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. sepharose cl-6b gel filtration gave a native molecular mass estimate of 124 kda, suggesting that this enzyme existed as a tetramer of identical subunits. sulfhydryl reactive compounds were p ... | 1990 | 2351678 |
| serum antibodies and loss of periodontal bone in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. | the number of teeth, % of alveolar bone loss, serum igg, and serum antibodies to bacteroides gingivalis, capnocytophaga ochracea and eubacterium saburreum were recorded in 37 patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and in an age- and sex-matched control group of 37 individuals free from ra. the ra group had a significantly increased loss of teeth and loss of alveolar bone compared to the control group. the ra patients also had a significantly increased level of serum igg. in the total ... | 1990 | 2355094 |
| epidural abscess and subdural empyema. | epidural abscess and subdural empyema are serious intracranial infections that result in significant morbidity and mortality. frequently, they are secondary to sinusitis or middle ear disease, and the bacteria involved are inhabitants of the upper respiratory tract. symptoms may be mild and mimic the symptoms of the underlying infection. however, especially with subdural empyema, alteration in the level of consciousness and focal neurologic deficits are common. morbidity and mortality are minimi ... | 1989 | 2568981 |
| nucleotide sequence and expression of the glutamine synthetase structural gene, glna, of the archaebacterium methanococcus voltae. | the sequence of a 2,746-bp dna fragment of methanococcus voltae carrying the glna gene for glutamine synthetase (gs), was established. a 1,338-bp open reading frame (orf), encoding a 446-amino-acid polypeptide of 50,142 da, was defined as glna on the basis of its similarity to other glna genes and on the ability of a dna fragment carrying this orf to complement an escherichia coli gln- mutant. no sequence homology was found between sequences flanking the m. volae glna gene and other eubacterial ... | 1989 | 2575777 |
| side chain conjugation prevents bacterial 7-dehydroxylation of bile acids. | the effect of side chain conjugation on 7-dehydroxylation of bile acids has been investigated. c24-bile acids and their glycine and taurine conjugates and keto bile acids were incubated with pure strains of eubacterium sp. vpi 12708. bile acids of the 5 alpha- or 5 beta-series with a free terminal carboxyl group and a 3 alpha, 7 alpha-dihydroxy system were very effectively 7 alpha-dehydroxylated, whereas 7 beta-hydroxy bile acids resisted 7-dehydroxylation. oxo bile acids were metabolized at the ... | 1990 | 2358447 |
| isolation and in vitro assembly of the components of the outer s layer of lampropedia hyalina. | the outermost component of the s layer of lampropedia hyalina, the punctate layer, is assembled onto an inner perforate layer. the punctate layer is composed of long, tapered cylindrical units centered on p6 symmetry axes and connected by six fine linking arms, joining at the axis of threefold symmetry to create a hexagonal layer with a lattice constant of 25.6 +/- 0.5 nm (j. a. chapman, r. g. e. murray, and m. r. j. salton, proc. r. soc. london ser. b 158:498-513, 1963; r. g. e. murray, can. j. ... | 1990 | 2361943 |
| conserved sequence elements upstream and downstream from the transcription initiation site of the caulobacter crescentus rrna gene cluster. | the nucleotide sequence and in vivo transcription start sites for rrna, one of the two rrna gene clusters of the eubacterium caulobacter crescentus, have been determined. two transcription start sites, a major and minor, for the rrna gene cluster are located more than 700 nucleotides upstream from the 16 s rrna gene. transcription was detected from only the major start site in swarmer cells. but after the swarmer-to-stalked cell transition, transcription was detected from both rrna start sites a ... | 1989 | 2600967 |
| identification of phenolyl cobamide from the homoacetogenic bacterium sporomusa ovata. | phenolyl cobamide was isolated from cyanide extractions of the anaerobic eubacterium sporomusa ovata. the proposed corrinoid structure [co alpha,co beta-(monocyano,monoaquo)-phenolyl cobamide] has been deduced from 1h nmr, fast-atom-bombardment mass spectroscopy and ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy data. the complete corrinoid resembled p-cresolyl cobamide [co alpha,co beta-(monocyano,monoaquo)-p-cresolyl cobamide], which recently has been obtained from cyanide extractions of the same bacterium. ... | 1989 | 2606109 |
| biliary excretion of glutathione conjugates of 4,5-epoxy-4,5-dihydro-1- nitropyrene and 9,10-epoxy-9,10-dihydro-1-nitropyrene in rats administered 1-nitropyrene orally and their further metabolism in the intestinal tract. | 1-nitropyrene (1-np), a mutagenic and carcinogenic substance that occurs in the environment, is metabolized by reductive and oxidative pathways. 4,5-epoxy,4,5-dihydro-1-np (1-np 4,5-oxide) and 9,10-epoxy-9,10-dihydro-1-np (1-np 9,10-oxide) are oxidatively activated metabolites of 1-np, and react with glutathione. hplc analysis of biliary metabolites from rats administered [3h]1-np orally showed the presence of glutathione conjugates of 1-np 4,5-oxide and 1-np 9,10-oxide and their metabolites, cy ... | 1990 | 2387025 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities of eubacterium, peptostreptococcus, and bacteroides isolated from root canals of teeth with periapical pathosis. | eubacterium, peptostreptococcus, and bacteroides were isolated in high frequency from root canals with acute periapical inflammation. the antimicrobial susceptibilities of these strains were studied by determining minimum inhibitory concentrations of different agents. although all three kinds of isolates were susceptible to penicillins, the isolates other than black-pigmented bacteroides were less susceptible to cephems, tetracyclines, and macrorides with several resistant strains. all strains w ... | 1989 | 2607278 |
| characterization of anaerobic bacteria by using a commercially available rapid tube test for glutamic acid decarboxylase. | a rapid glutamic acid decarboxylase microdilution test for presumptive identification of certain anaerobic bacteria was marketed recently by carr-scarborough microbiologicals, inc., stone mountain, ga. the test was evaluated with 474 clinical isolates, representing 11 genera and 54 species, and was found to be a useful aid in the presumptive identification of bacteroides fragilis, b. distasonis, b. vulgatus, b. thetaiotaomicron, b. ovatus, b. uniformis, b. eggerthii, clostridium perfringens, c. ... | 1989 | 2644301 |
| thermus thermophilus membrane-associated atpase. indication of a eubacterial v-type atpase. | an atpase with mr of 360,000 was purified from plasma membranes of a thermophilic eubacterium thermus thermophilus, and was characterized. atp hydrolytic activity of the purified enzyme was extremely low, 0.07 mumol of pi released mg-1 min-1, and it was stimulated up to 30-fold by bisulfite. the following properties of the enzyme indicate that it is not a usual f1-atpase but that it belongs to the v-type atpase family, another class of atpases found in membranes of archaebacteria and eukaryotic ... | 1990 | 2147690 |
| metabolism of dietary genotoxins by the human colonic microflora; the fecapentaenes and heterocyclic amines. | the microflora of the human colon is a complex ecosystem of anaerobic bacteria which have the capability of enzymatically transforming a variety of dietary (or biliary) compounds to genotoxic metabolites. in the past, most investigators studying the interplay between diet and colonic flora and its role in the etiology of cancers focused on the reductive and glycosidic potential of the bacterial enzymes--many of which reverse the oxidative and conjugative reactions performed by the liver. recent ... | 1990 | 2160606 |
| archaebacterial malate dehydrogenase: the amino-terminal sequence of the enzyme from sulfolobus acidocaldarius is homologous to the eubacterial and eukaryotic malate dehydrogenases. | 42 residues of the n-terminal amino acid sequence of malate dehydrogenase from the thermoacidophilic archaebacterium sulfolobus acidocaldarius have been determined as vkvafigvgrgvgqtiayntivngyadevmlydvvpelptkk. in eubacterial and eukaryotic enzymes this region is known to encompass residues involved in pyridine nucleotide binding. in the archaebacterial enzyme the residues gly-7, gly-11 and asp-33 are also present. the data suggest that in the enzyme from s. acidocaldarius like in the other mala ... | 1989 | 2497031 |
| how old is the genetic code? statistical geometry of trna provides an answer. | the age of the molecular organization of life as expressed in the genetic code can be estimated from experimental data. comparative sequence analysis of transfer rna by the method of statistical geometry in sequence space suggests that about one-third of the present transfer rna sequence divergence was present at the urkingdom level about the time when archaebacteria separated from eubacteria. it is concluded that the genetic code is not older than, but almost as old as our planet. while this re ... | 1989 | 2497522 |
| thermus thermophilus 16s rrna is transcribed from an isolated transcription unit. | a cloned 16s rrna gene from the extreme thermophilic eubacterium thermus thermophilus hb8 was used to characterize the in vivo expression of the 16s rrna genes in this organism by nuclease s1 mapping. the gene represents an isolated transcription unit encoding solely 16s rrna. under exponential growth conditions, transcription was initiated at a single promoter, which represents the structural equivalent of escherichia coli rrn p2 promoters. the promoter-leader region was very similar to the e. ... | 1989 | 2722737 |
| isolation and characterization of xylose- and xylan-utilizing anaerobic bacteria. | by enrichment with xylose, nine mesophilic strains of anaerobic bacteria were obtained from various sources. two isolates appear to belong to the genus eubacterium. six other strains belong to the genus clostridium. three of the isolated strains utilized larch wood xylan. the percentage of utilization of xylose and xylan and the yield of fermentation end products--viz. acetic acid and butyric acid--are equivalent to that of clostridium acetobutylicum (atcc 824) and reported thermophilic strains. | 1989 | 2742371 |
| a brief note concerning archaebacterial phylogeny. | critical analysis of the recently proposed alternative to the normal archaebacterial tree, the new eocyte tree, shows that the latter's central topology, in which the eubacteria branch from an entirely different section of the unrooted archaebacterial tree than the eukaryotes, is consistent with an artifact. the effects of the alignment used and the particular composition of the sequence quartets analyzed to infer this tree are discussed in detail. | 1989 | 2497936 |
| organization of genes encoding the l11, l1, l10, and l12 equivalent ribosomal proteins in eubacteria, archaebacteria, and eucaryotes. | archaebacterial and eucaryotic cytoplasmic ribosomes contain proteins equivalent to the l11, l1, l10, and l12 proteins of the eubacterium escherichia coli. in e. coli the genes encoding these ribosomal proteins are clustered, cotranscribed, and autogenously regulated at the level of mrna translation. genomic restriction fragments encoding the l11e, l1e, l10e, and l12e (equivalent) proteins from two divergent archaebacteria. halobacterium cutirubrum and sulfolobus solfataricus, and the l10e and l ... | 1989 | 2497939 |
| the effect of subminimal inhibitory concentrations of antimicrobial agents on three bacterial mixtures. | a test tube technique was developed to screen bacterial mixtures to detect interbacterial interactions that play a role in determining sensitivity to antimicrobial agents. we found 3 mixtures where these bacterial interactions change the sensitivity to antimicrobials or change the proportions of each bacterial species in the mixture. the mixtures were: fusobacterium nucleatum 102.3 and bacteroides endodontalis atcc 35406; f. nucleatum 102.3 and b. endodontalis bn11 a-f; and capnocytophaga ochrac ... | 1989 | 2762019 |
| megabase-sized linear dna in the bacterium borrelia burgdorferi, the lyme disease agent. | using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis we examined the genome of borrelia burgdorferi, a eubacterium of the spirochete phylum and the agent of lyme disease. a population of this species' cells was lysed in situ in agarose blocks. an abundant dna form that behaved as a linear duplex molecule under different electrophoretic conditions was found. the estimated size of the molecule was 950 kilobases. dna from two other genera of spirochetes did not enter the gel under these conditions. these studies ... | 1989 | 2762306 |
| principles of organization in eubacterial and archaebacterial surface proteins. | | 1989 | 2497940 |