| bacteria within ovules and seeds. | surface-sterilized ovules and seeds of 27 species of plants were cultured in the water of syneresis of a nutrient medium low in agar content. bacteria were obtained from 30% of the ovules, 15% of the seeds of herbaceous plants, 16% of the seeds of woody plants, 5.4% of the overwintered noncereal seeds, and 13.5% of overwintered cereal seeds. in no instance did every ovule or seed of a plant species contain bacteria. no bacteria were obtained from the hard, waxy seeds of mimosa or yellowwood. the ... | 1976 | 984839 |
| immunoadjuvant activities of cell walls and their water-soluble fractions prepared from various gram-positive bacteria. | the cell walls from all 21 species of gram-positive bacteria examined, except lysozyme-susceptible micrococcus lysodeikticus (nctc 2665) and lysozyme-resistant staphylococcus epidermidis (atcc 155), were found to be definitely adjuvant-active in both stimulation of increased serum antibody levels and induction of delayed-type hypersensitivity to ovalbumin when administered to guinea-pigs as water-in-oil emulsions. using various cell wall lytic enzymes, the immunoadjuvant principles were solubili ... | 1975 | 1180872 |
| [new species of thermophilic bacilli--bacillus thermocatenulatus nov. sp]. | detailed study of the obligate-thermophilic aerobic spore-forming bacterium, indentified earlier as bacillus megaterium, allowed to describe it as a new species--bacillus thermocatenulatus nov. sp. this organism is characterized by a high content of gc in dna (69 mole percent). | 1975 | 1226140 |
| [preparation and regeneration of protoplasts from bacillus megaterium cells dried by sublimation]. | bacterial protoplasts are widely used in genetical research, for instance, in protoplasts fusion experiments and the transfer of heterologous dna into bacterial cells. the usage of a new fresh grown culture of bacteria in every experiment restricts the reproducibility of the results preventing the technique becoming widespread. the use of antioxidants as components of stabilizing medium for sublimation drying of bacillus megaterium cells supported cellular viability in bacterial culture. it also ... | 1992 | 1298874 |
| biochemical defects of outermost layer deficient mutants during sporulation of bacillus megaterium. | to determine the regulation of morphogenesis of the outermost layer, the thick layer outside the inner coat, of the bacillus megaterium spore, we isolated 15 outermost layer deficient mutants of b. megaterium using transposon tn917. three mutant strains lacked both synthesis of the 48-kda outermost layer protein and induction of two initial enzymes for galactosamine-6-phosphate polymer synthesis, evidence that these biochemical events are regulated in the cascade system during morphogenesis of t ... | 1992 | 1319279 |
| cloning, sequencing, and molecular analysis of the dnak locus from bacillus subtilis. | by using an internal part of the dnak gene from bacillus megaterium as a probe, a 5.2-kb hindiii fragment of chromosomal dna of bacillus subtilis was cloned. downstream sequences were isolated by in vivo chromosome walking. sequencing of 5,085 bp revealed four open reading frames in the order orf39-grpe-dnak-dnaj. orf39 encodes a 39-kda polypeptide of unknown biological function with no noticeable homology to any other protein within the data bases. alignment of the grpe protein with those of th ... | 1992 | 1339421 |
| expression of penicillin g acylase gene from bacillus megaterium atcc 14945 in escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis. | penicillin g acylase gene from bacillus megaterium atcc 14945 has been isolated. recombinant escherichia coli clones were screened for clear halo forming activity on the lawn of staphylococcus aureus atcc 6538p using the enzymatic acylating reaction of 7-aminodeacetoxycephalosporanic acid (7-adca) and d-(alpha)-phenylglycine methylester. the gene was contained within a 2.8 kb dna fragment and expressed efficiently when transferred from e. coli to bacillus subtilis. a twenty times greater amount ... | 1991 | 1367491 |
| inducible high-level expression of heterologous genes in bacillus megaterium using the regulatory elements of the xylose-utilization operon. | we have constructed a shuttle plasmid for bacillus megaterium and escherichia coli that contains the promoter and repressor gene of the b. megaterium-borne operon for xylose utilization. a polylinker downstream of the promoter allows versatile cloning of genes under its transcriptional control. we have placed gdha (encoding glucose dehydrogenase) from b. megaterium, lacz (encoding beta-galactosidase) from e. coli, mro (encoding mutarotase) from acinetobacter calcoaceticus, and human puk (encodin ... | 1991 | 1367576 |
| spovg sequence of bacillus megaterium and bacillus subtilis. | we have sequenced the stage v sporulation specific gene spovg in both bacillus megaterium and bacillus subtilis. the open reading frames encode polypeptides of 96 and 97 residues, respectively, and have an 88.6% amino acid identity. both genes have putative rho-independent terminators. no significant amino acid or nucleotide homology of either gene was found when compared with sequences contained in either the genbank or embl data bases. | 1992 | 1373326 |
| cloning and sequencing of the bacillus megaterium spoiia operon. | the spoiia operon of bacillus megaterium has been cloned and the nucleotide sequence determined. the spoiia sequence contains three open reading frames coding for putative proteins of 116 aa, 147 aa, and 253 aa; the first and the third genes are preceded by a ribosomal binding site. the genes are in the same order as those of b subtilis and b licheniformis. the deduced amino acid sequences of these three open reading frames show 78-92% homology with spoiiaa, spoiiab and spoiiac of b subtilis and ... | 1992 | 1391049 |
| a method for the determination of bacterial spore dna content based on isotopic labelling, spore germination and diphenylamine assay; ploidy of spores of several bacillus species. | a reliable method for measuring the spore dna content, based on radioactive dna labelling, spore germination in absence of dna replication and diphenylamine assay, was developed. the accuracy of the method, within 10-15%, is adequate for determining the number of chromosomes per spore, provided that the genome size is known. b subtilis spores were shown to be invariably monogenomic, while those of larger bacilli bacillus megaterium, bacillus cereus and bacillus thuringiensis, often, if not invar ... | 1992 | 1391052 |
| structurally and functionally conserved regions of cytochrome p-450 reductase as targets for dna amplification by the polymerase chain reaction. cloning and nucleotide sequence of the schizosaccharomyces pombe cdna. | 1. alignments of the available cytochrome p-450 reductase amino acid sequences, and comparison with the crystal structure of ferredoxin-nadp reductase, indicate that two highly conserved regions are of functional importance. 2. degenerate oligonucleotide primers, based on these sequences, were used in the polymerase chain reaction to amplify a 309 bp fragment of the cytochrome p-450 reductase gene from schizosaccharomyces pombe for use as an homologous probe. 3. a 2.6 kb cdna was cloned from a l ... | 1992 | 1417773 |
| [the growth of some bradyrhizobium strains in uremic conditions in the presence of antimicrobial substances]. | the growth rate of bradyrhizobium japonicum usda 110 and its strr and ampr mutant strains (resistant to streptomycin and ampicillin respectively), as well as tal 945 and tal 946, tal 947 (mutants of usda 110 and usda 138 respectively) on yeast extract mannitol agar (yema) containing different concentrations of crystal violet and brilliant green. according to our results only the growth of bacillus megaterium b17 was effected from crystal violet while the others were not effected from both of dye ... | 1992 | 1435367 |
| cloning and sequencing of the genes encoding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, phosphoglycerate kinase and triosephosphate isomerase (gap operon) from mesophilic bacillus megaterium: comparison with corresponding sequences from thermophilic bacillus stearothermophilus. | the structural genes encoding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh), 3-phosphoglycerate kinase (pgk) and the n-terminal part of triosephosphate isomerase (tim) from mesophilic bacillus megaterium dsm319 have been cloned as a gene cluster (gap operon) by complementation of an escherichia coli gap amber mutant. subsequently, the entire tpi gene, encoding tim, was isolated by colony hybridization using a homologous probe. nucleotide (nt) sequence analysis revealed an unidentified open re ... | 1992 | 1452037 |
| development of genetic engineering in bacillus megaterium. | the opportunities for industrial genetic engineering in several species of bacillus other than b. subtilis and b. thuringiensis are now becoming a reality. many species have advantages for certain industrial applications, such as the lack of alkaline proteases, stable plasmid maintenance, and production of thermostable enzymes. it is now possible to increase production levels in many bacillus strains that are already high producers of amylases, proteases, penicillinases, and penicillin amidases, ... | 1992 | 1504589 |
| [bme 361 i--a new site-specific deoxyribonuclease type ii from bacillus megaterium 361]. | bme 361 i, a new site-specific type ii deoxyribonuclease, was purified from bacillus megaterium 361 by chromatography on phosphocellulose p 11 and hydroxylapatite. the enzyme recognizes and cleaves the nucleotide sequence 5'-gg decreases cc-3' in double-strand dna. thus it is a true isoschizomer of deoxyribonucleases hae iii and bspr i. | 1992 | 1534407 |
| barbiturate-mediated regulation of expression of the cytochrome p450bm-3 gene of bacillus megaterium by bm3r1 protein. | in a previous publication (wen, l.-p., ruettinger, r. t., and fulco, a.j. (1989) j. biol. chem. 264, 10996-11003), we reported that about 1 kilobase of 5' flanking sequence was required for barbiturate-inducible expression of the cytochrome p450bm-3 gene in bacillus megaterium. we have now found, by analysis of various deletion and frameshift derivatives of this region, that an open reading frame immediately upstream of the b. megaterium cytochrome p450bm-3 structural gene encodes a protein, des ... | 1992 | 1544926 |
| p450bm-3: reduction by nadph and sodium dithionite. | microsomal p450s catalyze the monooxygenation of a large variety of hydrophobic compounds, including drugs, steroids, carcinogens, and fatty acids. the interaction of microsomal p450s with their electron transfer partner, nadph-p450 reductase, during the transfer of electrons from nadph to p450, for oxygen activation, may be important in regulating this enzyme system. highly purified bacillus megaterium p450bm-3 is catalytically self-sufficient and contains both the reductase and p450 domains on ... | 1992 | 1567220 |
| catabolite repression of the xyl operon in bacillus megaterium. | we characterized catabolite repression of the genes encoding xylose utilization in bacillus megaterium. a transcriptional fusion of xyla encoding xylose isomerase to the spovg-lacz indicator gene on a plasmid with a temperature-sensitive origin of replication was constructed and efficiently used for single-copy replacement cloning in the b. megaterium chromosome starting from a single transformant. in the resulting strain, beta-galactosidase expression is 150-fold inducible by xylose and 14-fold ... | 1992 | 1569031 |
| [screening of strain producing extracellular penicillin acylase]. | ninety-eight strains having extracellular penicillin acylase activity were derived from soil samples by colour-developing method. 10 strains of them possess higher activity of penicillin acylase. all of those are found to be bacillus megaterium. the optimum condition of enzyme production was investigated with the strain no. 46 which is from no. 247 by single colony isolation. the productivity of penicillin acylase in the optimum condition have been enhanced 2.5 times more than that in the screen ... | 1992 | 1598760 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray diffraction analysis of p450terp and the hemoprotein domain of p450bm-3, enzymes belonging to two distinct classes of the cytochrome p450 superfamily. | cytochromes p450 are members of a superfamily of hemoproteins that are involved in the metabolism of various physiologic and xenobiotic organic compounds. this superfamily of proteins can be divided into two classes based on the electron donor proximal to the p450: an iron-sulfur protein for class i p450s or a flavoprotein for class ii. the only known tertiary structure of any of the cytochromes p450 is that of p450cam, a class i soluble enzyme isolated from pseudomonas putida (product of the cy ... | 1992 | 1608967 |
| heavy metals alter the electrokinetic properties of bacteria, yeasts, and clay minerals. | the electrokinetic patterns of four bacterial species (bacillus subtilis, bacillus megaterium, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and agrobacterium radiobacter), two yeasts (saccharomyces cerevisiae and candida albicans), and two clay minerals (montmorillonite and kaolinite) in the presence of the chloride salts of the heavy metals, cd, cr, cu, hg, ni, pb, and zn, and of na and mg were determined by microelectrophoresis. the cells and kaolinite were net negatively charged at ph values above their isoelectr ... | 1992 | 1622229 |
| heat killing of bacterial spores analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry. | thermograms of the exosporium-lacking dormant spores of bacillus megaterium atcc 33729, obtained by differential scanning calorimetry, showed three major irreversible endothermic transitions with peaks at 56, 100, and 114 degrees c and a major irreversible exothermic transition with a peak at 119 degrees c. the 114 degrees c transition was identified with coat proteins, and the 56 degrees c transition was identified with heat inactivation. thermograms of the germinated spores and vegetative cell ... | 1992 | 1624439 |
| unsaturated and branched chain-fatty acids in temperature adaptation of bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium. | the effect of growth temperature on the cellular fatty acid profiles of bacillus subtilis and bacillus megaterium was studied over a temperature range from 40 to 10 degrees c. as the growth temperature of b. subtilis was reduced, the lower-melting point anteiso-acids increased, while the higher-melting point iso-acids decreased. consequently the ratio of branched- to straight-chain acids was unaffected by temperature, although changes in the position of fatty acid branching and the degree of uns ... | 1992 | 1627613 |
| cloning, nucleotide sequences, and enzymatic properties of glucose dehydrogenase isozymes from bacillus megaterium iam1030. | bacillus megaterium is known to have several genes that code for isozymes of glucose dehydrogenase. two of them, gdhi and gdhii, were cloned from b. megaterium iam1030 in our previous work (t. mitamura, r. v. evora, t. nakai, y. makino, s. negoro, i. urabe, and h. okada, j. ferment. bioeng. 70:363-369, 1990). in the present study, two new genes, gdhiii and gdhiv, were isolated from the same strain and their nucleotide sequences were identified. each gene has an open reading frame of 783 bp avail ... | 1992 | 1629157 |
| uptake of inorganic pyrophosphate by bacillus megaterium. | cells of bacillus megaterium take up inorganic pyrophosphate, employing a saturable carrier which is sensitive to sulfhydryl reagents, orthophosphate, and arsenate. uptake is stimulated by proton ionophores, including cccp and nigericin, indicating that proton cotransport can lead to an opposing gradient. inhibitor sensitivity, as well a relatively high km for inorganic pyrophosphate render it likely that uptake is mediated by an orthophosphate transport system. | 1991 | 1645694 |
| characterization of semi-uncoupled hybrid escherichia coli-bacillus megaterium f1f0 proton-translocating atpases. | cloned atp genes for the proton-translocating atpase of the obligate aerobe bacillus megaterium have been demonstrated to be capable of complementing escherichia coli atpase (unc) mutants (hawthorne, c. a., and brusilow, w. s. a. (1986) j. biol. chem. 261, 5245-5248). to determine the minimum subunit requirements for cross-species complementation, we constructed all combinations of b. megaterium atpa, g, d, and c genes (coding for the alpha, gamma, beta, and epsilon subunits, respectively) and t ... | 1991 | 1655755 |
| phosphatidyltransferase activity in bacillus megaterium. | phosphatidyl transfer between phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol or phosphatidylserine as donors and primary hydroxyl acceptors including ethanolamine, glycerol, serine and triton x-100 has been shown to be catalysed by membrane particles derived from bacillus megaterium strains atcc 13632 and atcc 14581. the rate of cardiolipin synthesis from phosphatidylglycerol in the presence of ethanolamine was an order of magnitude greater than that of phosphatidylethanolamine formation. cardio ... | 1991 | 1659610 |
| mutants of bacillus species isolated on the basis of protonophore resistance are deficient in fatty acid desaturase activity. | the fatty acid desaturase activity in cell extracts of bacillus subtilis was characterized and found to be o2 dependent, nadh dependent, and cyanide sensitive. in cell fractionation studies, only 10% of the desaturase activity was recovered in the membrane fraction; the addition of cytosolic factors, which by themselves were devoid of activity, restored membrane activity to the level found in the unfractionated cell extracts. nadh was preferred over nadph as an electron donor, and palmitoyl-coen ... | 1991 | 1660453 |
| inhibition of membrane potential-dependent amino acid transport by daptomycin. | daptomycin inhibits the formation of udp-n-acetylmuramyl-pentapeptide in bacillus megaterium by inhibiting active transport of amino acids incorporated into the pentapeptide. the ability of daptomycin to inhibit active transport and peptidoglycan formation may be due to its ability to disrupt the transmembrane electrochemical gradient. | 1991 | 1687346 |
| identification and assignment of base pairs in four helical segments of bacillus megaterium ribosomal 5s rna and its ribonuclease t1 cleavage fragments by means of 500-mhz proton homonuclear overhauser enhancements. | three different fragments of bacillus megaterium ribosomal 5s rna have been produced by enzymatic cleavage with ribonuclease t1. fragment a consists of helices ii and iii, fragment b contains helix iv, and fragment c contains helix i of the universal 5s rrna secondary structure. all (eight) imino proton resonances in the downfield region (9-15 ppm) of the 500-mhz proton ft nmr spectrum of fragment b have been identified and assigned as g80.c92-g81.c91-g82.c90-a83.++ +u89-c84.g88 and three unpair ... | 1990 | 1692478 |
| occurrence of protein phosphorylation in various bacterial species. | 1. the occurrence of protein phosphorylation in escherichia coli b, bacillus megaterium, bacillus sphaericus, pseudomonas fluorescens and arthrobacter s1-55, was investigated by means of both in vivo and in vitro experiments. 2. in each bacterial species the presence of several phosphorylated proteins was evidenced by gel electrophoresis and autoradiography after either labelling of growing cells with [32p]orthophosphate or incubating cellular extracts with radioactive atp. 3. the analysis of th ... | 1990 | 1693344 |
| isolation and characterization of a unique division mutant of bacillus megaterium. | a filamentous division mutant, pv302, of bacillus megaterium qm b1551 was isolated while screening for sporulation-defective mutants after nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis. both phase-contrast and electron microscopy revealed that the mutant produced small spherical cells as well as filaments. it also accumulated large amounts of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate. poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate accounted for 16% of the dry weight of the mutant strain even after 28 h growth. in comparison to the parental strain, ... | 1990 | 1697326 |
| complementation of an rnase p rna (rnpb) gene deletion in escherichia coli by homologous genes from distantly related eubacteria. | we report the construction of a strain of escherichia coli in which the only functional gene for the rna moiety of rnase p (rnpb) resides on a plasmid that is temperature sensitive for replication. the chromosomal rnase p rna gene was replaced with a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene. the conditionally lethal phenotype of this strain was suppressed by plasmids that carry rnase p rna genes from some distantly related eubacteria, including alcaligenes eutrophus, bacillus subtilis, and chromat ... | 1990 | 1699929 |
| molecular cloning, structure, promoters and regulatory elements for transcription of the bacillus megaterium encoded regulon for xylose utilization. | the xyla and xylb genes of bacillus subtilis br151 encoding xylose isomerase and xylulokinase, respectively, were disrupted by gene replacement rendering the constructed mutant strain unable to grow on xylose as the sole carbon source. the bacillus megaterium encoded xyl genes were cloned by complementation of this strain to xylose utilization. the nucleotide sequence of about 4 kbp of the insertion indicates the presence of the xyla and xylb genes on the complementing plasmid. furthermore, a re ... | 1991 | 1719948 |
| fatty acid monooxygenation by p450bm-3: product identification and proposed mechanisms for the sequential hydroxylation reactions. | the soluble p450 isolated from bacillus megaterium (the product of the cyp 102 gene) (p450bm-3) is a catalytically self-sufficient fatty acid hydroxylase which converts lauric, myristic, and palmitic acids to omega-1, omega-2, and omega-3 hydroxy analogs. the percentage distribution of the regioisomers depends on the substrate chain length. lauric and myristic acids were preferentially metabolized to their omega-1 hydroxy counterparts while no hydroxylation occurred when capric acid was used as ... | 1992 | 1727637 |
| properties of bacillus megaterium and bacillus subtilis mutants which lack the protease that degrades small, acid-soluble proteins during spore germination. | during germination of spores of bacillus species the degradation of the spore's pool of small, acid-soluble proteins (sasp) is initiated by a protease termed gpr, the product of the gpr gene. bacillus megaterium and b. subtilis mutants with an inactivated gpr gene grew, sporulated, and triggered spore germination as did gpr+ strains. however, sasp degradation was very slow during germination of gpr mutant spores, and in rich media the time taken for spores to return to vegetative growth (defined ... | 1992 | 1732215 |
| the sequence of squash nadh:nitrate reductase and its relationship to the sequences of other flavoprotein oxidoreductases. a family of flavoprotein pyridine nucleotide cytochrome reductases. | nucleotide sequences were determined for cdna clones for squash nadh:nitrate oxidoreductase (ec 1.6.6.1), which is one of the most completely characterized forms of this higher plant enzyme. an open reading frame of 2754 nucleotides began at the first atg. the deduced amino acid sequence contains 918 residues, with a predicted mr = 103,376. the amino acid sequence is very similar to sequences deduced for other higher plant nitrate reductases. the squash sequence has significant similarity to the ... | 1991 | 1748631 |
| amino acid sequence of pr-39. isolation from pig intestine of a new member of the family of proline-arginine-rich antibacterial peptides. | we recently isolated from pig intestine and characterized a 31-residue antibacterial peptide named cecropin-p1 with activity against escherichia coli and several other gram-negative bacteria. the isolation involved a number of batch-wise steps followed by several chromatography steps. the continued investigation of these antibacterial peptides has now yielded another antibacterial peptide with high activity against both e. coli and bacillus megaterium. amino acid analysis showed a very high cont ... | 1991 | 1765098 |
| cloning and expression of penicillin g acylase gene in bacillus megaterium. | bacillus megaterium bm1, which produces penicillin g acylase (pga), has been isolated. gene encoding for pga was cloned into e. coli mc1061 using pbr322 as the vector, obtaining a recombinant plasmid pbmpa4 containing 9.9 kb inserted dna. restriction map of the plasmid was analyzed. a pbmpa5 containing 4.9 kb was gained by deletion in vitro. both pbmpa4 and pbmpa5 clones can be expressed in e.coli mc1061, and their expressions were induced by phenylacetic acid. | 1991 | 1773017 |
| [enrichment for mutants of bacillus megaterium deficient in the synthesis of poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (phb)]. | centrifugation through sucrose gradients was adapted to separate spore-forming cells of b. megaterium deficient in poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate synthesis from wild type cells. the conditions described allowed the detection of mutant clones screening a low percentage of the mutagenized population. | 1991 | 1815264 |
| penicillin amidohydrolase productivity of locally isolated bacterial species. | penicillin amidohydrolase productivity of four locally isolated bacterial species is described. organisms were identified as escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, sarcina lutea and bacillus megaterium. highest enzyme productivity of 3.2 u/ml with a corresponding dry cell mass of 4.5 g/l was recorded from s. lutea. | 1991 | 1821869 |
| polymerase chain reaction amplification, cloning, sequence determination and homologies of streptococcal atpase-encoding dnas. | the highly conserved portion of the catalytic subunit (beta-subunit) of the membrane-bound, proton-translocating atpase from three strains of oral streptococci has been amplified via the polymerase chain reaction. hybridization studies demonstrated the existence of homology between escherichia coli and bacillus megaterium beta-subunit probes at the streptococcal dna level. highly degenerate primers, based on the e. coli and b. megaterium amino acid (aa) sequences, were used to amplify the homolo ... | 1991 | 1825305 |
| organization and nucleotide sequence of the atp genes encoding the atp synthase from alkaliphilic bacillus firmus of4. | the atp operon from the extreme alkaliphile bacillus firmus of4 was cloned and sequenced, and shown to contain genes for the eight structural subunits of the atp synthase, preceded by a ninth gene predicted to encode a 14 kda hydrophobic protein. the arrangement of genes is identical to that of the atp operons from escherichia coli, bacillus megaterium, and thermophilic bacillus ps3. the deduced amino acid sequences of the subunits of the enzyme are also similar to their homologs in other atp sy ... | 1991 | 1833620 |
| cloning, nucleotide sequence, and regulation of the bacillus subtilis gpr gene, which codes for the protease that initiates degradation of small, acid-soluble proteins during spore germination. | the gpr gene, which codes for the protease that initiates degradation of small, acid-soluble proteins during spore germination, has been cloned from bacillus megaterium and bacillus subtilis, and its nucleotide sequence has been determined. use of a translational gpr-lacz fusion showed that the b. subtilis gpr gene was expressed primarily, if not exclusively, in the forespore compartment of the sporulating cell, with expression taking place approximately 1 h before expression of glucose dehydrog ... | 1991 | 1840582 |
| in vivo metabolism of 2,2'-diaminopimelic acid from gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial cells by ruminal microorganisms and ruminants and its use as a marker of bacterial biomass. | cells of bacillus megaterium gw1 and escherichia coli w7-m5 were specifically radiolabeled with 2,2'-diamino[g-3h]pimelic acid ([3h]dap) as models of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, respectively. two experiments were conducted to study the in vivo metabolism of 2,2'-diaminopimelic acid (dap) in sheep. in experiment 1, cells of [3h]dap-labeled b. megaterium gw1 were infused into the rumen of one sheep and the radiolabel was traced within microbial samples, digesta, and the whole animal. ... | 1991 | 1872603 |
| characterization and comparative sequence analysis of replication origins from three large bacillus thuringiensis plasmids. | the replication origins of three large bacillus thuringiensis plasmids, derived from b. thuringiensis hd263 subsp. kurstaki, have been cloned in escherichia coli and sequenced. the replication origins, designated ori 43, ori 44, and ori 60, were isolated from plasmids of 43, 44, and 60 mda, respectively. each cloned replication origin exhibits incompatibility with the resident b. thuringiensis plasmid from which it was derived. recombinant plasmids containing the three replication origins varied ... | 1991 | 1885511 |
| glucose dehydrogenase from bacillus subtilis expressed in escherichia coli. i: purification, characterization and comparison with glucose dehydrogenase from bacillus megaterium. | escherichia coli containing the bacillus subtilis glucose dehydrogenase gene on a plasmid (prl7) was used to produce the enzyme in high quantities. gluc-dh-s was purified from the cell extract by (nh4)2so4-precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography and triazine-dye chromatography to a specific activity of 375 u/mg. the enzyme was apparently homogenous on sds-page with a subunit molecular mass of 31.5 kda. investigation of gluc-dh-s was performed for comparison with the corresponding properties o ... | 1991 | 1900201 |
| cell wall assembly in bacillus megaterium: incorporation of new peptidoglycan by a monomer addition process. | the pattern of cross-linking in the peptidoglycan of bacillus megaterium has been studied by the pulsed addition of radiolabeled diaminopimelic acid. the distribution of label in muropeptides, generated by digestion with chalaropsis muramidase and separated by high-performance liquid chromatography, stabilized after 0.15 of a generation time. the proportion of label in the acceptor and donor positions of isolated muropeptide dimers stabilized over the same period of time. the results have led to ... | 1991 | 1901569 |
| biolistic transformation of a procaryote, bacillus megaterium. | we present a simple and rapid method for introducing exogenous dna into a bacterium, bacillus megaterium, utilizing the recently developed biolistic process. a suspension of b. megaterium was spread onto the surface of nonselective medium. plasmid pub110 dna, which contains a gene that confers kanamycin resistance, was precipitated onto tungsten particles. using a biolistic propulsion system, the coated particles were accelerated at high velocities into the b. megaterium recipient cells. selecti ... | 1991 | 1901706 |
| a barbiturate-regulated protein binding to a common sequence in the cytochrome p450 genes of rodents and bacteria. | analyses of the 5' regulatory sequences of genes encoding barbiturate-inducible cytochromes p450bm-1 and p450bm-3 from bacillus megaterium and of the 5' sequences of genes for barbiturate-inducible p450b and p450e of the rat revealed a string of 17 base pairs in each of the genes that shared a high degree of sequence identity. labeled oligonucleotide probes of each of these four sequences were tested in gel retardation assays with protein obtained from b. megaterium grown either in the presence ... | 1991 | 1902228 |
| characterization of recombinant bacillus megaterium cytochrome p-450 bm-3 and its two functional domains. | bacillus megaterium cytochrome p-450bm-3 and its two functional domains, the heme and flavin domains, have been purified and characterized using an escherichia coli expression system. recombinant p-450bm-3 behaves both spectrally and enzymatically the same as the enzyme produced from the natural host, b. megaterium, and another e. coli system recently described (bouddupalli, s. s., estabrook, r. w., and peterson, j. a. (1990) j. biol. chem. 265, 4233-4239). reduction of the flavins in p-450bm-3 ... | 1991 | 1904873 |
| primary structure, expression in escherichia coli, and properties of s-adenosyl-l-methionine:uroporphyrinogen iii methyltransferase from bacillus megaterium. | a bacillus megaterium dna fragment encoding s-adenosyl-l-methionine:uroporphyrinogen iii methyltransferase (sumt) activity was subcloned and sequenced. the encoded polypeptide showed more than 43.5% strict homology to pseudomonas denitrificans sumt (f. blanche, l. debussche, d. thibaut, j. crouzet, and b. cameron, j. bacteriol. 171:4222-4231, 1989). the b. megaterium polypeptide was overexpressed in escherichia coli, partially purified, and shown to exhibit, like p. denitrificans sumt, substrate ... | 1991 | 1906874 |
| an unusual yet strongly conserved flavoprotein reductase in bacteria and mammals. | the recent determination of the amino acid sequences of the bacillus megaterium cytochrome p-450 and the flavoprotein component of salmonella typhimurium nadph-sulfite reductase revealed that these enzymes contain a flavoprotein moiety remarkably similar to mammalian nadph-cytochrome p-450 reductase. the presence of this oxidoreductase in these very different enzymes suggests that this flavoprotein arose early in evolution and was utilized as an enzymological building block. the multi-domain str ... | 1991 | 1908607 |
| [determination of antibodies to cross-reacting antigens of microorganisms in oncological diseases]. | it was studied antibodies to saprophytic microorganism bacillus megaterium h glycoprotein in healthy, oncological, non-oncological gastrointestinal patients and animals. high level of antibodies to microbial glycoprotein in blood sera was revealed in cancer and precancer patients. analogical results were obtained in mice a/sn and balb/c with inductive or transplanted tumors. it has been suggested the use of bacillus megaterium h glycoprotein (m. m. 65-70 kd) for immunological monitoring. | 1991 | 1908721 |
| [molecular cloning of alpha-amylase gene from bacillus megaterium and its expression in bacillus subtilis]. | using bacteriophage lambda and plasmid pat153 and pnq122 as vectors, alpha-amylase gene from b. megaterium has been cloned into both hosts of e. coli and b. subtilis. expression level of the gene is 250 times higher than b. megaterium when it resides in b. subtilis. the enzyme produced by b. subtilis harboring the hybrid plasmid can digest amylase into maltose and maltotriose at first, then turn them to maltose and glucose, as incubation time extended. it also can digest maltotriose to maltose a ... | 1991 | 1909533 |
| the occurrence and growth of microorganisms during the fermentation of fish sausage. | minced fish (mullet) sausage mixes containing added sugar, salt, nitrate, nitrite and spices were fermented (48 h, 30 degrees c) by indigenous flora or by a starter culture (pediococcus acidilactici) and the microbial ecology and behaviour of various bacteria was monitored. pediococcus pentosaceus and lactobacillus plantarum dominated the indigenous fermentation, achieving populations of 10(7)-10(8) cfu/g by 48 h, and decreasing the ph of the mix to 4.5-4.7. significant growth (10(5)-10(7) cfu/g ... | 1991 | 1909546 |
| condensation of the forespore nucleoid early in sporulation of bacillus species. | fluorescence microscopic examination coupled with digital videoimage analysis of 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole-stained sporulating cells of bacillus megaterium or bacillus subtilis revealed a striking condensation of the forespore nucleoid. while both mother cell and forespore compartments had equal amounts of dna, the forespore nucleoid became greater than 2-fold more condensed than the mother cell nucleoid. the condensation of the forespore nucleoid began after only the first hour of sporulati ... | 1991 | 1917859 |
| ultraviolet irradiation of dna complexed with alpha/beta-type small, acid-soluble proteins from spores of bacillus or clostridium species makes spore photoproduct but not thymine dimers. | uv irradiation of complexes of dna and an alpha/beta-type small, acid-soluble protein (sasp) from bacillus subtilis spores gave decreasing amounts of pyrimidine dimers and increasing amounts of spore photoproduct as the sasp/dna ratio was increased. the yields of pyrimidine dimers and spore photoproduct were less than 0.2% and 8% of total thymine, respectively, when dna saturated with sasp was irradiated at 254 nm with 30 kj/m2; in the absence of sasp the yields were reversed-4.5% and 0.3%, resp ... | 1991 | 1924287 |
| evaluation of a dental unit with a built-in decontamination system. | the efficacy of a dental unit equipped with a system that disinfects and sterilizes the water tubing by flushing with glutaraldehyde was evaluated by inserting bacillus megaterium spores and pseudomonas and moraxella species into the water tubing. up to 10(8) pseudomonas and moraxella organisms were killed during the disinfection cycle, but bacillus megaterium spores were not. up to 10(5) spores were eradicated by the sterilization cycle, although the system did not consistently kill 10(8) spore ... | 1991 | 1946948 |
| efficient transformation of bacillus thuringiensis requires nonmethylated plasmid dna. | the transformation efficiency of bacillus thuringiensis depends upon the source of plasmid dna. dna isolated from b. thuringiensis, bacillus megaterium, or a dam- dcm- escherichia coli strain efficiently transformed several b. thuringiensis strains, b. thuringiensis strains were grouped according to which b. thuringiensis backgrounds were suitable sources of dna for transformation of other b. thuringiensis strains, suggesting that b. thuringiensis strains differ in dna modification and restricti ... | 1991 | 1991728 |
| antibacterial activity of eisenia fetida andrei coelomic fluid: iii--relationship within the polymorphic hemolysins. | the antibacterial activity exhibited by 10 different hemolytic, genetic families was established by measuring the inhibition of spontaneous in vitro growth by cell-free coelomic fluid toward 2 bacteria which are pathogenic for the earthworm: bacillus megaterium (gram +) and aeromonas hydrophila (gram -). only two families (b and k) displayed potent inhibitory activities. this finding is consistent with the fact that the b family occurs most frequently in both natural as well as in industrial bre ... | 1991 | 2050244 |
| dramatic increase in negative superhelicity of plasmid dna in the forespore compartment of sporulating cells of bacillus subtilis. | plasmid pub110, isolated from vegetative cells of bacillus subtilis, has an average of 34 negative supertwists (tau av = -34). this value falls to -30 early in sporulation, and the plasmid in the mother cell compartment maintains a tau av of -30. however, the plasmid within the developing forespore becomes much more negatively supercoiled, reaching a tau av of -47 in the dormant spore. this increased negative supercoiling in the forespore plasmid takes place in parallel with the synthesis of sma ... | 1990 | 2104613 |
| identification of germination gene of bacillus megaterium. | glucose, kno3, proline and leucine initiate the spore germination of b. megaterium atcc 12872, but not of b. megaterium atcc 19213. in order to isolate the gene concerning germination of b. megaterium atcc 12872, we constructed its gene library in plasmid vector, and introduced into b. megaterium atcc 19213. we obtained a transformant whose spores differed from those of the wild type strain with respect to germinability. spores of this transformant could be germinated by glucose, proline or leuc ... | 1990 | 2108667 |
| dynamic structure of bacterial ribosomal 5s rna helices ii and iii of b. megaterium 5s rna. | a possible switch between two conformations, previously observed in an enzymatically cleaved fragment of e. coli 5s ribosomal rna (a gram-negative bacterium) containing helices ii and iii, has been examined by means of proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (10-15 ppm) as a function of [mg2+] and temperature for an rnase-t1 digested fragment of bacillus megaterium 5s rrna (a gram-positive bacterium) containing the same helices ii and iii. the conformational changes induced in the fragmen ... | 1990 | 2114103 |
| effect of actinomycin d on viability, sporulation and nucleotide pool of bacillus megaterium. | a transient 7-fold rise of ppgpp concentration, 2-3-fold increase of pppgpp concentration and 50% drop of the concentration of gtp in bacillus megaterium cells immediately after their transfer to the sporulation medium were observed. actinomycin d, in concentrations inhibiting rna synthesis by 95%, blocked the rise of the (p)ppgpp pool and caused an instant several-fold increase of the gtp level. when the cells were exposed to actinomycin d in the sporulation medium for a 1-h period (time 0-1 h, ... | 1990 | 2120119 |
| thermal analysis of bacteria by differential scanning calorimetry: relationship of protein denaturation in situ to maximum growth temperature. | differential scanning calorimetry (dsc) was used to analyze thermal transitions in two strains of the thermophile bacillus stearothermophilus (atcc 12016 and wat), the mesophile bacillus megaterium and the psychrotroph bacillus psychrophilus. the observed transitions, representing lipid melting and dna and protein unfolding, are compared to the maximum growth temperature (tmax) in each species as a means of identifying critical, thermolabile targets responsible for heat-induced inhibition of gro ... | 1990 | 2121283 |
| efficient cloning in bacillus megaterium: comparison to bacillus subtilis and escherichia coli cloning hosts. | quantitative cloning efficiencies for b. megaterium, b. subtilis, and e. coli were compared. transformation of b. megaterium is less efficient than transformation of b. subtilis or e. coli. the frequency of recombinant clones was equal in e. coli and b. megaterium; both somewhat higher than in b. subtilis. equivalent average insert sizes were found in b. megaterium and e. coli clones, but significantly smaller inserts were obtained in b. subtilis clones. clones obtained and propagated in b. mega ... | 1990 | 2121590 |
| nucleotide sequence of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from bacillus megaterium. | | 1990 | 2123030 |
| nucleotide sequence of the phosphoglycerate kinase gene from bacillus megaterium. | | 1990 | 2123031 |
| [spore-spheroplast transformation of bacillus megaterium]. | a new method for transformation of bacillus megaterium was developed by modification of chang and cohen's method. in our method, spore spheroplasts were used as recipient cells instead of the protoplasts of vegetative cells. longer incubation (60 min) of spore spheroplasts and plasmid dna before treatment with polyethylene glycol remarkably increased the efficiency of transformation. the frequency of transformation was about 10(4) per microgram of plasmid dna. a shot-gun-type cloning of chromoso ... | 1990 | 2125086 |
| characteristics of intracellular proteolytic activities of bacillus megaterium. | intracellular proteolytic activities of b. megaterium km occur soluble in the cytoplasm and periplasm and insoluble in the membrane. two proteolytic enzymes were found in the cytoplasmic fraction by gel filtration on sephadex g 150 and by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the first enzyme called ci was stable, had a relative molecular mass of mr = 105,000 (m = 105 kg/mol) and was inhibited by edta and pmsf, whereas the second, designated cii, was labile and had a relative molecular mass of mr ... | 1990 | 2125291 |
| reaction kinetics and mechanism of immobilized penicillin acylase from bacillus megaterium. | | 1990 | 2127522 |
| [exo- and endotrophic cells in a population of bacillus megaterium]. | it is shown that the bacillus megaterium population has two types of qualitatively differing cells: exo- and endotrophic ones, i.e. the cells which assimilate in a given moment of time the source of carbon and energy from the medium or only intracellular sources of carbon and energy. trophic structure of the population has been analyzed in different phases of the batch culture as well as in case of cell starvation. in all cases the content of exotrophic cells in the bacilli population considerab ... | 1990 | 2129049 |
| pulling the trigger: the mechanism of bacterial spore germination. | in spite of displaying the most extreme dormancy and resistance properties known among living systems, bacterial endospores retain an alert environment-sensing mechanism that can respond within seconds to the presence of specific germinants. this germination response is triggered in the absence of both germinant and germinant-stimulated metabolism. genes coding for components of the sensing mechanism in spores of bacillus subtilis have been cloned and sequenced. however, the molecular mechanism ... | 1990 | 2157130 |
| expression of bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin genes during vegetative growth. | bacillus thuringiensis delta-endotoxin (crystal protein) genes are normally expressed only during sporulation. it is possible to produce crystal protein during vegetative growth by placing b. thuringiensis crystal protein genes downstream of a strong vegetative promoter. by removing a possible transcriptional terminator of the tetracycline resistance gene of pbc16 and inserting a multiple cloning site, delta-endotoxin genes can be cloned downstream from the tetracycline resistance gene promoter. ... | 1990 | 2160219 |
| inhibition of peptidoglycan biosynthesis in bacillus megaterium by daptomycin. | the effects of daptomycin on exponential phase cells of bacillus megaterium were investigated. bacteriostasis was observed for concentrations between 1 and 3 micrograms/ml and maximal rate of cell lysis at 10 micrograms/ml. at sublytic concentrations (1.5-3 micrograms/ml), the variations of the pools of udp-n-acetylglucosamine and udp-n-acetylmuramyl-pentapeptide, as well as the incorporation of (14c)-n-acetylglucosamine into peptidoglycan were studied. from the results it was concluded that the ... | 1990 | 2170230 |
| [expression of delta-endotoxin gene from bacillus thuringiensis var. berliner 1715 in escherichia coli and bacillus megaterium cells]. | effects of the structure of plasmids carrying the cloned delta-endotoxin gene (tox) ot bacillus thuringiensis and of the culture media on the expression of the gene have been studied. the dna region located upstream from the crystal protein gene promoter inhibited the expression of the tox gene in escherichia coli cells, but enhanced the expression in bacillus megaterium cells grown in lb medium. the upstream dna region did not affect the tox gene expression when bacillus megaterium cells were g ... | 1990 | 2172806 |
| the 75-kilodalton protein of chlamydia trachomatis: a member of the heat shock protein 70 family? | the gene encoding a 75-kilodalton (kda) protein of chlamydia trachomatis was cloned, expressed, and sequenced. genomic libraries from c. trachomatis serovar d dna were constructed in vectors puc18 and lambda gt11 and were screened with a panel of monoclonal antibodies against c. trachomatis antigens. the only recombinants identified were those that reacted with antibody um-13, which has specificity for a genus-specific epitope on the 75-kda protein. the gene was localized to a 2.9-kilobase dna f ... | 1990 | 2294048 |
| inhibition of peptidoglycan biosynthesis by ramoplanin. | ramoplanin, a new lipoglycopeptide antibiotic, inhibits cell wall peptidoglycan biosynthesis in gram-positive bacteria. in both staphylococcus aureus and bacillus megaterium, udp-n-acetylmuramyl-pentapeptides (udp-murnac-pentapeptides) accumulated at concentrations of ramoplanin close to the mic, indicating that inhibition of peptidoglycan biosynthesis occurred after formation of cytoplasmic precursors. susceptible bacteria bound or accumulated approximately 5 x 10(4) molecules of ramoplanin per ... | 1990 | 2334153 |
| the 75-kilodalton cytoplasmic chlamydia trachomatis l2 polypeptide is a dnak-like protein. | the gene coding for the 75-kilodalton cytoplasmic chlamydia trachomatis l2 polypeptide has been cloned in escherichia coli, and the nucleotide sequence has been determined. the cloned dna fragment contained the coding region as well as the putative promoter. the deduced amino acid sequence of the 1,980-base-pair open reading frame revealed 94% homology with a 75-kilodalton protein from c. trachomatis serovar d and 57% homology with the dnak proteins of e. coli and of bacillus megaterium, while a ... | 1990 | 2365454 |
| stability of antibiotics under growth conditions for thermophilic anaerobes. | it was shown that the inhibitory effect of kanamycin and streptomycin in a growing culture of clostridium thermohydrosulfuricum jw 102 is of limited duration. to screen a large number of antibiotics, their stability during incubation under the growth conditions of thermophilic clostridia was determined at 72 and 50 degrees c by using a 0.2% yeast extract-amended prereduced mineral medium with a ph of 7.3 or 5.0. half-lives were determined in a modified mic test with escherichia coli, staphylococ ... | 1990 | 2383017 |
| a stable plasmid vector and control of its copy number in bacillus brevis 47, a protein-producing bacterium. | a low-copy-number plasmid vector, phy481, was constructed by combining a macrolide resistance gene of a staphylococcus aureus plasmid with a cryptic plasmid found in a bacillus brevis strain isolated from soil. the plasmid introduced into b. brevis 47, an extensively investigated protein-producing bacterium, was maintained very stably in the absence of selective antibiotics. a bacillus megaterium alpha-amylase gene subcloned into phy481 was retained much more stably in b. brevis 47 than one subc ... | 1985 | 2408566 |
| [action of different types of gramicidin s derivatives on bacterial cells and protoplasts]. | the work was concerned with studying the effect of gramicidin s derivatives with modified free amino groups of ornithine residues on bacterial cells and protoplasts. the substitution of the amino groups with neutral or carboxyl-containing groups eliminated or sharply decreased the antibacterial activity of gramicidin s, its binding to the cells, and the ability to change the permeability of the cytoplasmic membranes of the intact cells. however, the neutral derivatives and the derivative with ac ... | 1985 | 2414637 |
| growth of bacillus megaterium in phosphate-limited medium. | batch cultures of bacillus megaterium grown in phosphate-limited media were compared with control cultures grown in phosphate-sufficient media. the effects of phosphate limitation on growth were determined by viable cells counts. intracellular levels of protein, rna, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate, carbohydrate and oxygen uptake were significantly affected by phosphate limitation. electron micrographs of sectioned cells revealed differences in the structure; in particular the thick, rigid cell wall was ... | 1986 | 2423423 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of the bacillus megaterium gene coding for small, acid-soluble spore protein b. | the bacillus megaterium gene coding for small, acid-soluble spore protein (sasp) b was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. the amino acid sequence predicted from the dna sequence was identical to that determined previously for sasp b, with the exception of the amino-terminal methionine predicted from the gene sequence which is presumably removed posttranslationally and an asparagine residue predicted at position 21 which was originally identified as an aspartate residue. the mrna ... | 1986 | 2430935 |
| dna-damaging activity of patulin in escherichia coli. | at a concentration of 10 micrograms/ml, patulin caused single-strand dna breaks in living cells of escherichia coli. at 50 micrograms/ml, double-strand breaks were observed also. single-strand breaks were repaired in the presence of 10 micrograms of patulin per ml within 90 min when the cells were incubated at 37 degrees c in m9-salts solution without a carbon source. the same concentration also induced temperature-sensitive lambda prophage and a prophage of bacillus megaterium. when an in vitro ... | 1986 | 2431653 |
| the secondary structure of ribonuclease p rna, the catalytic element of a ribonucleoprotein enzyme. | secondary structure models for the ribonuclease (rnaase) p rnas of bacillus subtilis and e. coli were derived by a phylogenetic comparative analysis of published sequences as well as four novel ones. the rnaase p rna genes from bacillus megaterium, bacillus brevis, bacillus stearothermophilus, and pseudomonas fluorescens were cloned, sequenced, and compared with the other available sequences. regions of pairing were identified by the occurrence of homologous complementary sequences that vary amo ... | 1988 | 2449969 |
| glucose metabolism via the embden-meyerhof pathway is not involved in atp production during spore germination of bacillus megaterium qm b1551. a study with a mutant lacking hexokinase. | in order to investigate contributions by glucose metabolism via the embden-meyerhof pathway and that via the direct oxidation route to gluconate to initial atp production during spore germination, respiratory activity and rna synthesis were compared between the mutant lacking hexokinase and the parent spores of bacillus megaterium qm b1551. we found that time courses of those metabolic events were almost identical between those spores, thus clearly indicating that nadh formed by a spore-specific ... | 1988 | 2450541 |
| the major acid-soluble proteins of bacillus subtilis spores: partial amino acid sequence and forespore location of their mrnas. | in bacillus subtilis the alpha, beta, gamma and delta components comprise 80-90% of the total acid-soluble spore proteins (assps). sequence analysis demonstrates that alpha and beta share 32 of their first 36 amino acids and are closely related to the a and c assps of bacillus megaterium spores, confirming the results of analysis of their cloned genes. despite the difference in apparent size of gamma and delta, they have identical n-terminal sequences (37 residues). unless gamma and delta derive ... | 1987 | 2450963 |
| nucleotide sequence of an amylase gene from bacillus megaterium. | | 1988 | 2455281 |
| primary role of nadh formed by glucose dehydrogenase in atp provision at the early stage of spore germination in bacillus megaterium qm b1551. | metabolic events involved in energy metabolism were studied in order to evaluate the atp-forming ability of bacillus megaterium qm b1551 spores at the very early stage of germination. when heat-activated spores were germinated on glucose as a sole substrate, its oxidation into gluconate (catalyzed by glucose dehydrogenase, ec 1.1.1.47), the accompanying nadh formation, oxygen uptake, and rna synthesis were initiated immediately after germination, even when anaerobic breakdown of 3-phosphoglycera ... | 1988 | 2463458 |
| subchronic toxicity studies in dogs and in utero-exposed rats fed diets containing bacillus megaterium amylase derived from a recombinant dna organism. | subchronic toxicity studies were performed using a food-grade enzyme product from a recombinant bacillus subtilis containing the b. megaterium amylase gene. beagle dogs (four/sex/group) and fischer 344 rats (25/sex/group) were fed diets containing 0, 20, 60 or 100 units amylase/g food. the dogs received treated diets for 13 wk. the parental (f0) rats received treated diets for 4 wk before breeding and through weaning of the f1 pups; 25 f1 rats/sex/group received treated diets for at least 13 wk ... | 1989 | 2473017 |
| stability-increasing mutants of glucose dehydrogenase from bacillus megaterium iwg3. | a glucose dehydrogenase gene was isolated from bacillus megaterium iwg3, and its nucleotide sequence was identified. the amino acid sequence of the enzyme deduced from the nucleotide sequence is very similar to the protein sequence of the enzyme from b. megaterium m1286 reported by jany et al. (jany, k.-d., ulmer, w., froschle, m., and pfleiderer, g. (1984) febs lett. 165, 6-10). the isolated gene was mutagenized with hydrazine, formic acid, or sodium nitrite, and 12 clones (h35, h39, f18, f20, ... | 1989 | 2495285 |
| in vitro metabolism of 2,2'-diaminopimelic acid from gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial cells by ruminal protozoa and bacteria. | bacillus megaterium gw1 and escherichia coli w7-m5 were specifically radiolabeled with 2,2'-diamino[g-3h]pimelic acid [( 3h]dap) as models of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, respectively. these radiolabeled bacterial mutants were incubated alone (control) and with mixed ruminal bacteria or protozoa, and the metabolic processes, rates, and patterns of radiolabeled products released from them were studied. control incubations revealed an inherent difference between the two substrates; gr ... | 1989 | 2495759 |
| alphostatin, an inhibitor of alkaline phosphatase of bovine liver produced by bacillus megaterium. | | 1989 | 2496067 |
| energy-dependent uptake of urea by bacillus megaterium. | evidence for the existence of an energy-dependent urea uptake system in bacillus megaterium dsm 90 was obtained by studying the uptake of 14c-urea. in vivo urea uptake and in vitro urease activity differed significantly with respect to temperature- and ph-dependence, kinetic parameters and response towards metabolic inhibitors. highest uptake activities were observed during exponential growth, and a rapid decrease in urea uptake occurred when cells entered the stationary growth phase and started ... | 1989 | 2497046 |
| a new bacteriocinogenic activity: megacin bii encoded by plasmid pse 203 in strains of bacillus megaterium. | mesophilic strains producing a new bacteriocin: megacin bii, have been isolated from strains of bacillus megaterium. facultatively thermophilic strains producing megacin bi were less sensitive to this new activity than non-producing mesophiles and strains producing megacin bii were also more resistant to megacin bi. strains producing megacin bii contained a large plasmid of 36.10(6):pse 203. this plasmid was introduced into non-megacinogenic acceptor strains by protoplast transformation, they th ... | 1989 | 2497714 |
| proteins that interact with gtp during sporulation of bacillus subtilis. | during sporulation of bacillus subtilis, several proteins were shown to interact with gtp in specific ways. uv light was used to cross-link [alpha-32p]gtp to proteins in cell extracts at different stages of growth. after electrophoresis, 11 bands of radioactivity were found in vegetative cells, 4 more appeared during sporulation, and only 9 remained in mature spores. based on the labeling pattern with or without uv light to cross-link either [alpha-32p]gtp or [gamma-32p]gtp, 11 bands of radioact ... | 1989 | 2498282 |
| requirement for a 1-kilobase 5'-flanking sequence for barbiturate-inducible expression of the cytochrome p-450bm-3 gene in bacillus megaterium. | in a previous publication (wen, l.-p., and fulco, a. j. (1987) j. biol. chem. 262, 6676-6682), we described the cloning of the gene encoding cytochrome p-450bm-3, a catalytically self-sufficient fatty acid monooxygenase induced by barbiturates in bacillus megaterium. we have now subcloned a 1.6-kilobase segment of dna from this cloned gene that includes the barbiturate-responsive regulatory region as well as 88 bases encoding the nh2-terminal portion of cytochrome p-450bm-3. from this, we genera ... | 1989 | 2500432 |