| ultrastructural study of the response of cells infected in vitro with causative agent of spotted fever group rickettsiosis in japan. | the response of host cells l929 infected with causative agent of spotted fever group (sfg) rickettsiosis in japan, the katayama strain, was studied by electron microscopy. the rickettsiae penetrated the cytoplasm and multiplied here and after prolonged incubation progressed into the dilated cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum (rer), the perinuclear space, the deep invaginated nuclear membrane, and then the nucleoplasm of the host cells. the intranuclear rickettsiae showed different states: ... | 1992 | 1610553 |
| oxidative inactivation of alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor by alveolar macrophages from healthy smokers requires the presence of myeloperoxidase. | the aim of this work was to study the ability of human alveolar macrophages (am) of 10 healthy smokers to inactivate alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor (alpha 1pi). purified alpha 1pi was incubated for 45 min, with human alveolar macrophages before and after stimulation by phorbol myristate acetate (pma) or opsonized zymosan. as a positive control, the same experiments were performed in parallel with blood human neutrophils (pmn). results are expressed as percentage of inactivation of alpha 1pi as eva ... | 1991 | 1657063 |
| efficacy of chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, and tetracycline for treatment of experimental rocky mountain spotted fever in dogs. | dogs were experimentally inoculated with rickettsia rickettsii to characterize the comparative efficacies of chloramphenicol, enrofloxacin, and tetracycline for the treatment of rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf). all three antibiotics were equally effective in abrogating the clinical, hematologic, and vascular indicators of rickettsial infection. antibiotic treatment for 24 h was sufficient to decrease the rickettsemia to levels below detection by vero cell culture. early treatment with all th ... | 1991 | 1666498 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of a cdna encoding the antifungal-protein of aspergillus giganteus and preliminary characterization of the native gene. | | 1990 | 2374718 |
| secretion of tissue-type plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor by rickettsia conorii- and rickettsia rickettsii-infected cultured endothelial cells. | hemostasis abnormalities have been described in patients with mediterranean spotted fever and rocky mountain spotted fever. evidence of the activation of the fibrinolytic system has been obtained in both diseases. after experimental rocky mountain spotted fever, an elevated level of fibrinogen was found in parallel with the activation of the fibrinolytic system and transient elevation of the tissue-type plasminogen activator. later protein is mainly synthesized by endothelial cells. the ability ... | 1990 | 2115024 |
| evidence supporting the hypothesis that rickettsial virulence factors determine the severity of spotted fever and typhus group infections. | | 1990 | 2116102 |
| computer simulation of rocky mountain spotted fever transmission by the american dog tick (acari: ixodidae). | a computer model was developed for simulation of the transmission of rickettsia rickettsii, the causative agent of rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf), by the american dog tick, dermacentor variabilis (say). the model of rmsf was combined with a model for population dynamics of the american dog tick and included simulation of infection and transmission of rickettsiae between ticks and host mammals and transmission of rmsf to humans. the model simulated the effects of biotic and environmental var ... | 1990 | 2388242 |
| possible typhus-group infection in new york state: presentation of four suspect cases. | epidemiologic investigations were recently conducted on four cases which were reported in new york state in 1986 and 1987, three of which were within one family. these included hospital chart reviews, case or family interviews, animal trappings, and ectoparasite surveys. serologic tests and immunoblots were performed on blood samples obtained from these patients. all four patients had acute febrile illnesses; two required hospitalization and one died. microimmunofluorescence test results using r ... | 1990 | 2116104 |
| the 17-kilodalton protein antigens of spotted fever and typhus group rickettsiae. | | 1990 | 2116105 |
| characterization of the 120-kda surface protein gene of rickettsia rickettsii (r strain). | | 1990 | 2116108 |
| detection of rickettsia rickettsii dna in clinical specimens by enzymatic amplification using polymerase chain reaction technology. | | 1990 | 2116111 |
| neutralizing activity of monoclonal antibodies to heat-sensitive and heat-resistant epitopes of rickettsia rickettsii surface proteins. | antiprotein monoclonal antibodies derived from mice inoculated with rickettsia rickettsii heated at 56 degrees c for 15 min are of two types: one is type specific for epitopes denatured by moderate temperatures, and the other is specific for epitopes resistant to 100 degrees c for 5 min. the heat-resistant epitopes are found by immunoblotting on multiple polypeptides after solubilization of the rickettsiae at temperatures of 56 degrees c or higher. most, but not all, antibodies to the heat-sensi ... | 1987 | 2434430 |
| kinetics of igm and igg responses to experimental and naturally acquired rickettsia rickettsii infection in dogs. | the kinetics of specific igm and igg antibody response was characterized in four 9-month-old beagles after inoculation of 2 x 10(2) plaque-forming units (pfu) of sheila smith strain of rickettsia rickettsii. immunoglobulin m antibodies were first detected by indirect immunofluorescence on postinoculation (pi) day 9, peaked by pi day 20, and were no longer detectable by pi day 80. immunoglobulin g antibodies became detectable between pi days 22 and 28, peaked by pi day 42, and decreased gradually ... | 1990 | 2117411 |
| a protective protein antigen of rickettsia rickettsii has tandemly repeated, near-identical sequences. | the nucleotide sequence of a rickettsia rickettsii gene that encodes a high-molecular-mass surface antigen (190 kilodaltons), which elicits protective immunity, was determined. the 6,747-nucleotide gene coded for a 2,249-amino-acid protein with a calculated molecular weight of 224,321. a 3.8-kilobase psti fragment proximal to the 5' end of the gene was found to consist of 13 highly related tandem repeats which constituted over 40% of the coding region. the repeated sequences could be divided int ... | 1990 | 2117568 |
| hemocyte monophenol oxidase activity in mosquitoes exposed to microfilariae of dirofilaria immitis. | monophenol oxidase (mpo) activity in hemocytes collected from aedes aegypti liverpool strain and aedes trivittatus intrathoracically inoculated with saline alone, inoculated with dirofilaria immitis microfilariae (mff), or from uninoculated mosquitoes was compared using a radiometric tyrosine hydroxylation assay. hemocyte mpo activity in mff-inoculated (= immune-activated) mosquitoes was significantly increased at 24 hr postinoculation (pi) in a. aegypti and at 6, 12, and 24 hr pi in a. trivitta ... | 1989 | 2493084 |
| ocular manifestations of rocky mountain spotted fever in dogs. | dogs were examined ophthalmoscopically to determine the prevalence and type of ocular lesions associated with naturally acquired rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf). in a consecutive series of 11 dogs with serologically confirmed rmsf, 9 had ocular involvement reflecting various degrees of vascular damage, including subconjunctival hemorrhage, hyphema, anterior uveitis, iris stromal hemorrhage, retinal petechiae, and focal areas of retinal edema and perivascular inflammatory cell infiltrate. the ... | 1989 | 2494144 |
| hispid cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus) as a source for infecting immature dermacentor variabilis (acari: ixodidae) with rickettsia rickettsii. | hispid cotton rats (sigmodon hispidus say and ord) were susceptible to infection with rickettsia rickettsii wolbach under laboratory conditions and were capable of serving as sources for infecting ticks with rickettsiae. cotton rats developed rickettsemias that could be detected for as long as 6 h following intraperitoneal inoculation of 10(5) plaque-forming units (pfus) of r. rickettsii (morgan strain). an estimate of the median infectious dose (id50) was made by inoculating six groups (eight a ... | 1990 | 2117665 |
| rickettsia rickettsii infection of cultured endothelial cells induces release of large von willebrand factor multimers from weibel-palade bodies. | the clinical manifestations of rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) result from rickettsia rickettsii (r rickettsii) infection of endothelial cells and are mediated by pathologic changes localized to the vessel, including in situ thrombosis and tissue ischemia. this study uses in vitro infection of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells with r rickettsii to test the hypothesis that such infection induces von willebrand factor (vwf) release from weibel-palade bodies, a process that could ... | 1991 | 1824255 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of coxiella burnetii, rickettsia rickettsii, and rickettsia conorii to the fluoroquinolone sparfloxacin. | in vitro susceptibilities of rickettsia rickettsii, rickettsia conorii, and coxiella burnetii to the new fluoroquinolone sparfloxacin (at-4140; rp 64206) were determined. plaque and dye uptake assays were used to measure the mics against r. rickettsii and r. conorii. the susceptibilities of c. burnetii nine mile and q 212 were determined in two acute-infection models and in two chronic-infection models. the mics were 0.125 to 0.25 microgram/ml for r. rickettsii and 0.25 to 0.5 microgram/ml for r ... | 1991 | 1901703 |
| rocky mountain spotted fever. | rocky mountain spotted fever, the most prevalent rickettsial disease in the united states, is one of the most severe of all infectious diseases. it remains an important infectious disease because of its prevalence, the difficulty of clinical diagnosis, potentially fatal outcome, and lack of a widely available sensitive and specific diagnostic test during the acute stage of the illness. | 1991 | 1904897 |
| infected ticks feeding on persons in areas endemic for lyme disease and rocky mountain spotted fever. | | 1989 | 2507649 |
| probe directed at a segment of rickettsia rickettsii rrna amplified with polymerase chain reaction. | in an effort to explore a sensitive taxon-specific detection system for bacteria, we sequenced the 16s rrna from two strains of rickettsia rickettsii, five other rickettsiae, and coxiella burnetti to find a probe site unique to r. rickettsii. we then synthesized a 16-mer that hybridized only to the rrna of r. rickettsii. using a primer complementary to a sequence found only in rickettsial rrna, we then generated a cdna. we amplified the probe site in a 180-base segment of the cdna by using the c ... | 1989 | 2512323 |
| detection of rickettsia rickettsii dna in clinical specimens by using polymerase chain reaction technology. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr) procedure for detecting rickettsial dna was developed and shown to be specific for rickettsia rickettsii and r. conorii, the etiologic agents of rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) and boutonneuse fever, respectively. blood clots were obtained from nine confirmed rmsf patients and six controls and analyzed for the presence of rickettsial dna by the pcr method. a defined region of the rickettsial genome was successfully amplified from seven of the nine clinical s ... | 1989 | 2512328 |
| [gas chromatograms of fatty acids from rickettsia and their similarities]. | fatty acid compositions of 7 strains of rickettsia were analyzed by a on-line gc/ms system. these strains were r. prowazekii e, r. conorii simko, r. rickettsii r, r. sibirica barbash and 246, r. sinkiangensis jinghe, and r. heilungkiangensis 54. the samples were purified by means of the concentrated salt-ether method. there were about 50 peaks in the fatty acid profiles, and 16 of these peaks were determined, i.e. c22:0, c19:0, c18:0, c18:1, c18:2, c17:0, c16:0, c16:1, 3-oh-c14:0, c15:0, c14:0, ... | 1991 | 1907779 |
| cloning, expression and sequence analysis of the gene encoding the 120 kd surface-exposed protein of rickettsia rickettsii. | rickettsia rickettsii (r strain) genomic dna was partially digested and cloned into the lambda expression vector gt11 generating a genomic clone bank. transformant plaques were screened with antisera generated against the 120 kilodalton protein of r. rickettsii to detect those phage expressing the recombinant protein. the gene encoding the 120 kd protein was localized to a 4.3 kilobase sphi-bamhi fragment from the recombinant phage and subcloned into puc18 and puc19. full-length expression of th ... | 1989 | 2515418 |
| some contributions of electron microscopy to the study of the rickettsiae. | electron microscopy has provided valuable insights into the study of rickettsiae as intracellular parasites from several important perspectives. this tool has allowed researchers to delineate the fine structural features of these organisms and to show that they truly resemble free-living bacteria. furthermore, it has been shown that there are subtle, but distinct differences in the outer envelope structure of some members of the genus rickettsia that may explain reported differences in tinctoria ... | 1991 | 1909242 |
| heparin protects human endothelial cells infected by rickettsia rickettsii. | routine culture of endothelial cells currently includes the use of heparin, which significantly reduces cell doubling time and increases cell population size. heparin protects cultured arterial endothelial cells from damage by toxic oxygen metabolites produced by the action of xanthine and xanthine oxidase. because of our hypothesis implicating free radicals in cell injury caused by rickettsia rickettsii, we have carried out a series of experiments to examine the effects of heparin on injury to ... | 1991 | 1937810 |
| a serological survey of ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia equi, rickettsia rickettsii, and borrelia burgdorferi in dogs in oklahoma. | serum samples from 259 dogs were tested for antibodies to ehrlichia canis, ehrlichia equi, rickettsia rickettsii, and borrelia burgdorferi using the indirect fluorescent antibody test. the sera were obtained from submissions to the oklahoma animal disease diagnostic laboratory during a 14-month period from june 1986 through july 1987. the rate for positive antibody titers to e. canis was 53%, to e. equi was 33%, to r. rickettsii was 38%, and to b. burgdorferi was 18%. higher percentages of sera ... | 1989 | 2518693 |
| false-positive results in serologic tests for rocky mountain spotted fever during pregnancy. | the data from this study demonstrate that false-positive results from tests for rocky mountain spotted fever increase with the duration of pregnancy. the sera of 4.0% (2/50) of women in their first trimester of pregnancy, 10.9% (5/46) in their second trimester, and 12.1% (12/99) in their third trimester yielded false-positive results from latex agglutination assays for rickettsia rickettsii infections. the cause of these false-positive results was not determined by this study. these false-positi ... | 1991 | 2000516 |
| effects of trh on the immune system of newborn rats. | | 1989 | 2561202 |
| nucleotide sequence of the p34 gene from rickettsia rickettsii. | | 1990 | 2124682 |
| [entomologic situation regarding arbovirus circulation in the guajaibon area]. | the collections of culicidae made in the guajaibón area, north coast of havana province, are analyzed with arbovirologic purposes. the predominance of aedes scapularis in the human bait collections is confirmed. the possibility of arbovirus circulation in the area is suggested. | 1989 | 2577010 |
| some trematodes of freshwater fishes from north vietnam with a list of recorded endohelminths by fish hosts. | the present paper comprises a systematic survey of trematodes collected from 12 species of freshwater fishes from north vietnam (the red river near hanoi). altogether 16 trematode species (14 adults and 2 juvenile forms) have been recorded. these include: amurotrema dombrowskajae, platycladorchis microacetabularis, p. macroacetabularis, neocladorchis multilobularis, carassotrema koreanum, azygia hwangtsiyui, phyllodistomum clariasi, phyllodistomum sp., orientocreadium batrachoides, masenia colla ... | 1989 | 2583614 |
| reduction of drug accumulation and dna topoisomerase ii activity in acquired teniposide-resistant human cancer kb cell lines. | we have isolated stable teniposide (vm26)-resistant cell lines from human cancer kb cells by stepwise exposure to increasing doses of the drug. at each step, we have purified vm26-resistant cell lines. kb/vm-a, kb/vm-b, kb/vm-1, kb/vm-2, kb/vm-3, and kb/vm-4 showed 3-, 6-, 12-, 16-, 74-, and 95-fold higher resistance to vm26 than did kb. we have further characterized kb/vm-2 and kb/vm-4 which showed about 15- and 100-fold higher resistance to vm26 or etoposide (vp16) than did kb. both vm26-resis ... | 1990 | 2168282 |
| effect of oxoplatinum and cbdca on renal functions in rats. | changes in renal function in rats after single-dose intravenous administration of cbdca (cis-diammine-1,1-cyclobutane dicarboxylate platinum(ii) and oxoplatinum [cis-dichlorodiammine-trans-dihydroxo-platinum(iv)] at a dose of 20 mg/kg were determined and compared. renal function was monitored by several determinations of effective renal plasma flow (erpf), glomerular filtration rate (grf), plasma creatinine and urea and urine beta 2-microglobulin. a significant reduction of erpf and grf and a si ... | 1989 | 2654665 |
| diagnosis of human ehrlichiosis with the indirect fluorescent antibody test: kinetics and specificity. | human ehrlichiosis, an acute febrile illness caused by ehrlichia canis or a closely related rickettsial organism, was first identified in 1986. from 1986 through 1988, sera from 85 patients demonstrated a fourfold rise or fall in antibody titer to e. canis. seven (22%) of 32 patients initially tested during the first week after onset of illness. 17 (68%) of 25 tested during the second week, and all 18 tested during the third week had titers that exceeded the minimum positive titer of greater tha ... | 1990 | 2192013 |
| nucleotide sequence of porcine insulin-like growth factor. 1:5' untranslated region, exons 1 and 2 and mrna. | | 1990 | 2326169 |
| [rocky mountain spotted fever]. | after returning from a holiday in the usa a 24-year-old man fell ill with diarrhoea, high fever and marked rash including the palms of the hands and soles of the feet. when a history of a tick bite in the usa was elicited, a rickettsial infection was suspected. treatment with doxycycline, 100 mg twice daily, was instituted finally and the fever slowly resolved. the patient became completely well again within four weeks. serological tests confirmed the diagnosis of rocky mountain spotted fever. | 1990 | 2104798 |
| laboratory survey of fluoroquinolone activity. | fluoroquinolones are active against a wide variety of bacteria. the antibacterial spectra of fluoroquinolones encompass staphylococci, bacillus species, and corynebacterium species implicated in infections of the immunocompromised host; enterobacteriaceae; most intestinal pathogens; and many gram-negative organisms commonly causing nosocomial infections. haemophilus influenzae, haemophilus ducreyi, neisseria gonorrhoeae, neisseria meningitidis, and branhamella catarrhalis are highly susceptible ... | 1989 | 2672262 |
| causative agent of spotted fever group rickettsiosis in japan. | since 1984, it has been known that spotted fever group rickettsiosis exists in japan. we isolated three strains of the causative rickettsiae, designated katayama, misaka, and abe, from patients with the disease and studied the characteristics of the isolates. nude mice and cyclophosphamide-treated mice died after infection with the isolates. however, infected normal mice recovered and acquired immunity. infected adult male guinea pigs had fever, a scrotal reaction, and seroconversion. the isolat ... | 1990 | 2108090 |
| endotoxin-induced uveitis in the rat: a hypothesis for preferential involvement of the anterior uvea. | endotoxin-induced uveitis (eiu) was produced in lewis rats by footpad injection of salmonella endotoxin. protein and cells were measured both in the aqueous humor and in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) in order to examine if the inflammation was strictly limited to the anterior uvea. eiu was also induced in fischer and brown norway rats and the inflammation was compared among the three strains. although the function and structure of the choroid plexus is very similar to the ciliary body, no signs ... | 1990 | 2384004 |
| interrelationships between digestive proteolytic activities and production and quantitation of toxins in pseudomembranous colitis induced by clostridium difficile in gnotobiotic mice. | clostridium difficile pathogenicity is related to in vivo production of toxins, and it is of great interest to detect toxins produced in biological samples. several reports have shown that proteases in stools interfere with immunological methods for quantitation of toxin a. the purpose of this work was to estimate the relationship between the proteases and the c. difficile toxins produced in a gnotobiotic mouse model of pseudomembranous cecitis. cecal proteolytic activities hydrolyzed toxin a, a ... | 1989 | 2680988 |
| "synaptic" ribbons in the pineal gland of the horse. | previous studies on the ultrastructure of the horse pineal gland did not report the presence of "synaptic" ribbons, functionally enigmatic pinealocyte organelles regularly occurring in other mammalian species. the aim of the present study was to reinvestigate the horse pinealocyte in this respect. careful investigations here reported allowed detection of "synaptic" ribbons in the pinealocytes of all the examined animals, although in a relatively low number (5.4 +/- 2.0 per 20,000 microns 2 of pi ... | 1990 | 2395075 |
| rat organum vasculosum laminae terminalis in vitro: responses to changes in sodium concentration. | extracellular action potentials were recorded from the organum vasculosum laminae terminalis (ovlt) in rat brain slice preparations; the effect of different concentrations of nacl on spontaneous firing frequency was studied. from 72 neurons, 67 (93%) were responsive to various perfusion media, while 5 neurons (7%) were not responsive. the change from the standard medium (sm; 124 mm nacl) to 99 mm, decreased the firing frequency in 24 (65%) and increased it in 13 (35%) out of 37 responsive cells. ... | 1990 | 2397412 |
| biological and clinical evaluation of the transmandibular implant. | the transmandibular implant has been shown to be a successful clinical solution to prosthetic rehabilitation of patients with gross mandibular atrophy. aspects of the biocompatibility of the implant material including the component metals in the alloy have been tested in an animal model utilizing sheep. the initial adelaide results in the clinical multicentre trial are presented. these were generally excellent and the reasons for the few failures are presented. | 1989 | 2695025 |
| biological and clinical evaluation of the transmandibular implant. | the transmandibular implant has been shown to be a successful clinical solution to prosthetic rehabilitation of patients with gross mandibular atrophy. aspects of the biocompatibility of the implant material including the component metals in the alloy have been tested in an animal model utilizing sheep. the initial adelaide results in the clinical multicentre trial are presented. these were generally excellent and the reasons for the few failures are presented. | 1989 | 2695025 |
| [evaluation of the anti-influenza vaccine in students from basic high school]. | the anti-influenza vaccine was applied to a group of 217 students of "batalla del jigüe" secondary school which was compared to a group inoculated with the vaccine placebo with the view to evaluate the results of vaccine protection against the flue, as well as to determine its secondary effects in an adolescent population. there was a significant difference in the immunologic response in favor of the vaccine group as compared to controls for both strains of the antigenic contents of the vaccine ... | 1989 | 2701186 |
| reactivity of monoclonal antibodies to rickettsia rickettsii with spotted fever and typhus group rickettsiae. | analysis of 15 spotted fever group (sfg) and 2 typhus group strains of rickettsiae with a panel of monoclonal antibodies revealed a number of shared and unique epitopes of the 120- and 155-kilodalton surface proteins. all of the sfg strains but neither of the typhus group strains reacted with antibody to the lipopolysaccharidelike antigen of rickettsia rickettsii; possibly the lipopolysaccharidelike antigen is the common antigen which defines the sfg. north carolina and montana strains of r. ric ... | 1987 | 2432081 |
| mystacial vibrissae representation within the trigeminal sensory nuclei of the cat. | somatotopic arrangements of axon terminals of primary afferent fibers innervating follicles of the mystacial vibrissae were examined in the cat by the transganglionic horseradish peroxidase (hrp) method. forty to 60 hours after injecting hrp into a single or a group of vibrissal follicles, transported hrp was visualized by the tetramethylbenzidine technique. hrp-labeled axon terminals were distributed in the ventral subnucleus of the principal sensory trigeminal nucleus (ventral vp), in the oral ... | 1986 | 2432098 |
| protective monoclonal antibodies recognize heat-labile epitopes on surface proteins of spotted fever group rickettsiae. | thirty-eight monoclonal antibodies that have not been reported previously were developed from mice immunized with rickettsia rickettsii, r. conorii, and r. sibirica. western immunoblotting showed that these monoclonal antibodies are directed against heat-sensitive epitopes which are located on two major surface polypeptides with molecular sizes ranging from 115 to 150 kilodaltons. the detection of the two bands did not depend on the presence of 2-mercaptoethanol. both bands were destroyed by tre ... | 1988 | 2458318 |
| characterization of antilipolytic action of polyamines in isolated rat adipocytes. | the interactions of polyamines with the lipolytic system were studied in isolated rat adipocytes. spermine, spermidine and putrescine significantly inhibited adenosine deaminase-stimulated lipolysis. an antilipolytic effect of spermine was detectable at a concentration of 0.25 mm (p less than 0.05). at a concentration of 10 mm all three polyamines inhibited the stimulated lipolysis by 50-60% (p less than 0.001). in addition, spermine enhanced the antilipolytic sensitivity of insulin. spermine (1 ... | 1989 | 2476118 |
| identification of rickettsiae in cutaneous biopsy specimens from dogs with experimental rocky mountain spotted fever. | direct immunofluorescence reaction for rickettsia rickettsii was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cutaneous biopsy specimens collected from dogs with experimental rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf). a technique of trypsin digestion of deparaffinized, rehydrated sections was successful in demonstrating discrete, immunofluorescent organisms in endothelia and adjacent vessel walls in the dermis. r rickettsii was identified only in grossly evident dermal lesions (macular rash or oral ... | 1989 | 2494323 |
| effects of idebenone on memory impairment induced in ischemic and embolization models of cerebrovascular disturbance in rats. | two rat models of memory impairment in passive avoidance learning induced by cerebrovascular disturbance, were established to estimate the effects of a cerebral metabolic enhancer, idebenone. transient and global cerebral ischemia in rats, produced by 4-vessel occlusion for 200 s immediately after the acquisition trial of passive avoidance learning, shortened the latencies in the retention test trial performed 24 h later. this retrograde amnesia was reversed significantly by idebenone administer ... | 1989 | 2764639 |
| production of antibody to and cellular localization of erythrocyte-sensitizing substance from rickettsia rickettsii. | antibodies to rickettsia rickettsii erythrocyte-sensitizing substance (ess) were raised in rabbits by using a derivatized ess. the resulting antibodies reacted with r. rickettsii and cross-reacted with rickettsia conorii, a member of the spotted fever group rickettsiae, but did not react with rickettsia typhi, a member of the typhus group rickettsiae, legionella bozemanii, or proteus vulgaris ox19 or ox2. immunoblot analysis indicated that ess was present in more than one fraction and that the m ... | 1989 | 2497137 |
| [chronic pyelonephritis in polycystic kidney]. | the characteristics of chronic pyelonephritis are studied in 37 patients out of a total of 53 patients with proved renal polycystosis. a group of 71 patients with chronic pyelonephritis selected at random are used as a control group. the frequency of chronic pyelonephritis among the patients with renal polycystosis is 69.8%. the difference between the mean age of the patients with renal polycystosis and chronic pyelonephritis and the patients with renal polycystosis without chronic pyelonephriti ... | 1989 | 2773465 |
| cross-reaction of immune sera from patients with rickettsial diseases. | rickettsia rickettsii and rickettsia conorii are the causative agents of two common and serious diseases, rocky mountain spotted fever and mediterranean spotted fever, respectively. in patients naturally infected with either of these organisms, antibodies are produced which cross-react with antigens of the other so extensively that diagnostic tests usually cannot identify the causative agents. the results of this study indicate that serodiagnostic tests with antigen from one of these two organis ... | 1989 | 2501497 |
| opening remarks of president fernando e. agrait on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the cayo santiago macaque colony. | | 1989 | 2780954 |
| the induction of protective immunity to leishmania major in the balb/c mouse by interleukin 4 treatment. | the ability of interleukin 4 (il4), administered subcutaneously around the cutaneous lesion in the form of hydrophilic gels, to affect the development of established leishmania major infections in the balb/c mouse was studied. il4 had a therapeutic effect on l. major lesion growth compared with control mice, causing not only resolution of the parasite lesions over a period of 10 weeks but also rendering animals resistant to reinfection. adoptive transfer of splenic t cells, obtained from il4-tre ... | 1989 | 2786473 |
| rocky mountain spotted fever: a disease in need of microbiological concern. | rocky mountain spotted fever, a life-threatening tick-transmitted infection, is the most prevalent rickettsiosis in the united states. this zoonosis is firmly entrenched in the tick host, which maintains the rickettsiae in nature by transovarian transmission. although the incidence of disease fluctuates in various regions and nationwide, the problems of a deceptively difficult clinical diagnosis and little microbiologic diagnostic effort persist. many empiric antibiotic regimens lack antirickett ... | 1989 | 2504480 |
| steroidogenesis in liposomal system containing adrenal microsomal cytochrome p-450 electron transfer components. | purified adrenal microsomal p-450c21 and/or p-45017 alpha,lyase were incorporated with purified nadph-cytochrome-p-450 reductase into liposome membranes composed of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine at a molar ratio of 5:3:1. the rate dependences of reduction of liposomal p-450c21 in the fast phase as well as progesterone hydroxylation activities of p-450c21 and p-45017 alpha,lyase on the reductase concentration in the liposome membranes suggested that electron ... | 1989 | 2804111 |
| modifications of the permeability of the blood-brain barrier and local cerebral metabolism in pentobarbital- and ketamine-anaesthetized rats. | the state of deep surgical anaesthesia, induced by intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium (54 mg/kg) or ketamine hydrochloride (150 mg/kg) in the rat, was accompanied by a significant reduction in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier evaluated by calculating a unidirectional blood-to-brain constant (ki) for the circulating tracer [14c]alpha-aminoisobutyric acid. pentobarbital-induced anaesthesia was also characterized by a widespread and marked depression of local cerebral gluc ... | 1989 | 2812289 |
| modifications of the permeability of the blood-brain barrier and local cerebral metabolism in pentobarbital- and ketamine-anaesthetized rats. | the state of deep surgical anaesthesia, induced by intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium (54 mg/kg) or ketamine hydrochloride (150 mg/kg) in the rat, was accompanied by a significant reduction in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier evaluated by calculating a unidirectional blood-to-brain constant (ki) for the circulating tracer [14c]alpha-aminoisobutyric acid. pentobarbital-induced anaesthesia was also characterized by a widespread and marked depression of local cerebral gluc ... | 1989 | 2812289 |
| a vaccine for ovine cysticercosis. | | 1989 | 2815974 |
| [comparison of in vitro susceptibilities of rickettsia prowazekii, r. rickettsii, r. sibirica and r. tsutsugamushi to antimicrobial agents]. | the in vitro activities of 16 antimicrobial agents against rickettsia prowazekii (breinl strain), r. rickettsii (bitterroot strain), r. sibirica (atcc no. vr151) and r. tsutsugamushi (gilliam, karp, kato, shimokoshi, kawasaki and kuroki strains) were determined by the cell culture method. tetracycline, demethylchlortetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, chloramphenicol, kitasamycin and rifampicin were generally effective (mic, 0.005-0.78 micrograms/ml) to all strains tested. quinolones such as ... | 1989 | 2512394 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of rickettsia rickettsii and rickettsia conorii to roxithromycin and pristinamycin. | in vitro susceptibilities of rickettsia rickettsii and rickettsia conorii to roxithromycin, pristinamycin, and the pristinamycin compounds, p1 and p2, were determined by a dye uptake assay and a plaque assay. the mics were 1 microgram/ml for roxithromycin, 2 micrograms/ml for pristinamycin, greater than 256 micrograms/ml for p1, and 2 micrograms/ml for p2. compounds p1 and p2 did not share synergetic activity. the toxicity of each compound was determined by a dye uptake assay. toxic concentratio ... | 1989 | 2515795 |
| comparison of antigenic reactivity between intracellular and extracellular rickettsiae of spotted fever group. | antigens of intracellular rickettsiae in vero cells persistently infected with japanese yh strain of the spotted fever group (rickettsia japonica sp. nov.) reacted in the immunofluorescence test with sera from patients to the same extent by igg antibody titration as did antigens of extracellular rickettsiae prepared from culture fluid of lytically infected bhk cells. on the other hand, igm antibody titers measured with intracellular rickettsiae in vero cells were significantly higher in some cas ... | 1989 | 2516664 |
| [experimental study on liver cancer--effect of intra-arterial injection of adriamycin-lipiodol emulsion on vx2 liver tumor]. | | 1988 | 2846718 |
| molecular biological characterization of equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) isolates from ruminant hosts. | isolates of equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) originating from affected antelope and cattle were compared with reference ehv-1 and ehv-4 isolates and were characterized. based on cross-neutralization, dna restriction profiles and blot-hybridization data these isolates could be characterized as ehv-1. one isolate (from an antelope) with a different restriction profile showed significant dna homology with ehv-1, partial homology with ehv-4, and little or no homology with ehv-2 and hsv-1 dnas. blot ... | 1988 | 2849252 |
| mechanisms and kinetics for platelet and neutrophil localization in immune complex nephritis. | we have previously reported that both neutrophils (pmns) and platelets mediate proteinuria in a model of subendothelial immune complex (ic) nephritis (gn) in the rat. in order to understand the interaction of pmns and platelets in this model, we quantitated the uptake of 111in-labelled platelets in glomeruli and correlated this with the number of pmns observed histologically at 10 and 30 minutes, 1, 4 and 24 hours following induction of gn. platelet accumulation was biphasic with a major peak at ... | 1989 | 2533296 |
| cinnamon oil abuse by adolescents. | reports in the literature about cinnamon oil toxicity are limited to allergic reactions and local irritant effects from dermatologic exposure. cinnamon oil is easily obtained from pharmacies in 5-10 ml amounts for use as a flavoring agent and in craft items. within a 5-mo period the pittsburgh poison center (ppc) documented 32 cases of cinnamon oil abuse; all cases involved males aged 11-16 y and were reported to the ppc by school nurses. sucking on toothpicks or fingers which had been dipped in ... | 1990 | 2327068 |
| lipid soluble antioxidants preserve rabbit corneal cell function. | the survival time of rabbit corneal endothelial cells in isolated perfused cornea is extended dramatically by the addition of oxygen free radical scavengers. lipid soluble antioxidants were found to be more effective than water soluble non-enzymatic antioxidants in extending the survival time. the ultrastructural appearance of endothelial cells treated with vitamin e was compared with controls. vitamin e treated endothelial cells retained normal appearance up to 12h, but without vitamin e, break ... | 1990 | 2335108 |
| diagnosis of acute typhus infection using the polymerase chain reaction. | we used the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) for the diagnosis of an acute rickettsial infection. a primer pair derived from the 17-kda antigen sequence of rickettsia rickettsii amplified specifically a 434-bp dna fragment from the genome of rocky mountain spotted fever and endemic and epidemic typhus. the assay was able to detect as few as 30 rickettsiae. detection of pcr-amplified dna with a digoxigenin-labeled dna probe confirmed an acute human infection with rickettsia prowazekii. | 1990 | 2378469 |
| synthesis and copper-dependent antimycoplasmal activity of 1-amino-3-(2-pyridyl)isoquinoline derivatives. 2. amidines. | in our search for new compounds with antimycoplasmal activity, a series of aromatic amidines derived from 1-amino-3-(2-pyridyl)isoquinoline (1) was synthesized. in the presence of 40 microm copper the most active compounds show growth inhibition of mycoplasma gallisepticum in the nanomolar range. these compounds are 3 times as active as tylosin, an antimycoplasmal therapeutic agent that is used in veterinary practice. in the presence of copper, amidines derived from 1 are 2-3 times more active t ... | 1989 | 2913309 |
| improved sexual function in hemodialysis patients on recombinant erythropoietin: a possible role for prolactin. | as it was reported that correction of anemia in long-term hemodialysis patients by recombinant human erythropoietin (r-huepo) is associated with improved sexual function, we conducted the present study to further delineate the mechanism(s) by which this is brought about. serum prolactin, testosterone, and parathyroid hormone (pth) levels were followed during 4 months of r-huepo therapy. within 4 months of treatment with r-huepo, hematocrit values rose from 23.7 +/- 1.2 to 35.7 +/- 0.2% and hemog ... | 1989 | 2914405 |
| potassium secretion by the cortical collecting tubule: effect of c1 gradients and ouabain. | in various epithelia k and cl transport are molecularly coupled and kcl cotransport is dependent on the na-k pump. the present study examines 1) the effect of a bath-to-lumen cl gradient on k secretion during active na transport and 2) the effect of basolateral ouabain on k secretion and na absorption in the presence and the absence of a bath-to-lumen cl gradient. under symmetrical conditions there was significant k secretion (jk = -24.0 +/- 3.9 pmol.mm-1.min-1) and cl secretion (jcl = -15.7 +/- ... | 1989 | 2916662 |
| placental transport of calcium and phosphorus in pigs. | the role of vitamin d in regulating placental transport of calcium and phosphate in pigs was studied using the "hannover pig strain" which suffers from pseudo-vitamin d-deficiency rickets, type i. sows and fetuses of normal phenotype (heterozygotes) and of homozygote phenotype which suffered from clinical symptoms of rickets were used. the homozygote animals are devoid of renal 25-cholecalciferol-1-hydroxylase. in the rachitic sows which normally depend on treatment with pharmacological doses of ... | 1989 | 2681666 |
| impairment of lymphocyte suppressive system in recent onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. correlation with blood glucose and serum insulin levels. | in a previous study, we observed an impairment of the theophylline-induced suppressive system in recent onset iddm patients, and demonstrated also a correlation with metabolic derangement. the aim of this study was to better investigate the relationship between theophylline sensitivity (ths) and blood glucose/plasma insulin levels in recent onset iddm patients subjected to preprogrammed variations by an insulin/glucose clamp with artificial pancreas. eight patients were studied within 8 weeks fr ... | 1989 | 2694717 |
| absence of genetic linkage of charcot-marie-tooth disease (hmsn ia) with chromosome 1 gene markers. | we previously reported a large charcot-marie-tooth family not linked to the duffy blood group marker, supporting the existence of genetic heterogeneity in this neuropathy. in order to investigate the possibility of another disease locus on chromosome 1, we analyzed this family further, using dna polymorphisms of 6 genes. absence of linkage makes a second disease locus on chromosome 1 unlikely. | 1989 | 2725880 |
| quantitative study of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of the rat during the postnatal development. | the chronology of dlgn development was studied in the rat from birth to 90 days postnatal (dpn). our results indicate the faster dlgn growth occurs from 1 dpn to 21 dpn. the neuronal number and density was calculated. no significant neuronal loss was detected in the period investigated but the present study shows evidence of an important decrease (of 75%) in the neuronal density between 7 dpn and 21 dpn. immediately the study of neuronal sizes and shapes was undertaken. approximately at 14 dpn t ... | 1989 | 2732462 |
| alternative routes for the establishment of surface polarity during compaction of the mouse embryo. | during the process of compaction, mouse 8-cell blastomeres flatten upon each other and polarize along an axis perpendicular to cell contacts. if the process of flattening is prevented, polarization can still occur, but does so in a lower proportion of cells than for control populations, and without the normal contact-directed orientation. we compared contact-directed and noncontact-directed processes to see if they involve common mechanisms. in nonflattened cells, surface polarization was favore ... | 1989 | 2744237 |
| herpes simplex virus: a role in the aetiology of alzheimer's disease? | | 1986 | 3005513 |
| the interaction of recombinant huifn-gamma 1 and recombinant huifn-alpha 2 on the 2-5a system in two distinct cell types. | | 1985 | 3008171 |
| exposure of sheep to natural aerosols of foot-and-mouth disease virus. | sheep taken individually and allowed to inhale air being drawn along a duct from a cabinet containing pigs acutely infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus for 10 or 15 minute periods were infected by doses as low as 10 tcid50 of virus. the most consistent and reliable indicators of infection were viraemia and seroconversion. the mean times from exposure to onset of viraemia, pyrexia and the appearance of vesicular lesions were 2.5, 3.8 and 4.7 days, respectively. neither the time from exposur ... | 1986 | 3020658 |
| phylogenetic diversity of the rickettsiae. | small subunit rrna sequences have been determined for representative strains of six species of the family rickettsiaceae: rickettsia rickettsii, rickettsia prowazekii, rickettsia typhi, coxiella burnetii, ehrlichia risticii, and wolbachia persica. the relationships among these sequences and those of other eubacteria show that all members of the family rickettsiaceae belong to the so-called purple bacterial phylum. the three representatives of the genus rickettsia form a tight monophyletic cluste ... | 1989 | 2753854 |
| [blood supply of skeletal muscles in reactive hyperemia]. | in 18 anesthetized cats, 60-sec occlusion of the m. gastrocnemius artery entailed a decrease in the muscle blood supply by 15-20 ml of the blood volume in the vessels whereas the post-occlusion increase in the blood flow restored the blood volume with 45% excess. the intravascular accumulation of the blood exerting a moderating effect upon the venous return while preserving the increased arterial inflow, can be regarded as an automatic way of limiting the hemodynamic excitation due to the postoc ... | 1989 | 2759286 |
| human aldehyde dehydrogenase: coenzyme binding studies. | the binding of nadh and nad+ to the human liver cytoplasmic, e1, and mitochondrial, e2, isozymes at ph 7.0 and 25 degrees c was studied by the nadh fluorescence enhancement technique, the sedimentation technique, and steady-state kinetics. the binding of radiolabeled [14c]nadh and [14c]nad+ to the e1 isozyme when measured by the sedimentation technique yielded linear scatchard plots with a dissociation constant of 17.6 microm for nadh and 21.4 microm for nad+ and a stoichiometry of ca. two coenz ... | 1989 | 2775711 |
| [effect of cholera enterotoxin on carbohydrate metabolism of the liver and small intestine mucosa in the rabbit]. | changes in carbohydrate metabolism were studied in the isolated intestinal loops of rabbits during secretory diarrhea, induced by cholera enterotoxin. glucose synthesis level in the small intestinal mucosa and liver was measured by isotope technique, using l-alanine as a precursor. intestinal gluconeogenesis, calculated per mg of protein, appeared to be twice higher than in the liver of fasting rabbits. cholera enterotoxin administration enhanced gluconeogenesis in the liver by 60%, as compared ... | 1987 | 3032299 |
| molecular cloning of cdnas of human liver and placenta nadh-cytochrome b5 reductase. | a cdna coding for human liver nadh-cytochrome b5 reductase (cytochrome b5 reductase, ec 1.6.2.2) was cloned from a human liver cdna library constructed in phage lambda gt11. the library was screened by using an affinity-purified rabbit antibody against nadh-cytochrome b5 reductase of human erythrocytes. a cdna about 1.3 kilobase pairs long was isolated. by using the cdna as a probe, another cdna (pb5r141) of 1817 base pairs was isolated that hybridized with a synthetic oligonucleotide encoding p ... | 1987 | 3035541 |
| the development of analytical models for human trypanosomiasis. | the idea of biological equilibria is presented and applied first to the case of single species populations. difference and differential descriptions of population changes over time are compared and contrasted. the complications that arise when describing interactions between species are then illustrated for the case of vector-borne diseases, such as malaria. a simple model for malaria is explored and later extended to the case of the african trypanosomiases where more than one vertebrate host sp ... | 1989 | 2802828 |
| characterization of mannoproteins from a virulent candida albicans strain and its derived, avirulent strain. | antigenic differences between a wild-type virulent strain of candida albicans 4918 (wt) and its spontaneous avirulent mutant (m-10) were found with crossed-immunoelectrophoresis and western blotting. mannoprotein fractions from yeast and mycelial forms were obtained by affinity chromatography on concanavalin a and analyzed with use of patient sera or sera from rabbits infected with live wt cells and boosted with whole extracts or rabbits immunized with purified wt cell wall preparations. a spike ... | 1988 | 3055210 |
| a rapid fluorometric method for semiautomated determination of cytotoxicity and cellular proliferation of human tumor cell lines in microculture. | a fluorometric method for the determination of cellular growth and cytotoxicity of human tumor cell lines in 96-well microculture plates is described. the assay is based on the combined use of the dna-binding dye hoechst 33342 and the fluorogenic substrate fluorescein diacetate (fda). hoechst 33342 undergoes a dramatic enhancement of fluorescence when specifically intercalated with cellular dna, whereas the fda fluorescence is dependent on cellular hydrolysis of the non-fluorescent substrate int ... | 1989 | 2817793 |
| ecological study of rocky mountain spotted fever in costa rica. | since rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) was recognized in costa rica, ecological studies have been undertaken to discern its distribution and the natural cycle of rickettsia rickettsii. the population of ticks parasitizing animals and vegetation was scarce. rickettsiae were not isolated from pools of ticks nor from spleens of the animals studied. however, the active circulation of rickettsiae was evidenced through the demonstration of spotted fever group antibodies in humans, dogs, and wild ra ... | 1986 | 3080917 |
| actions of antibiotics on rickettsia rickettsii. | | 1986 | 3081659 |
| adherence of platelets to human endothelial cells infected by rickettsia rickettsii. | rickettsia rickettsii, the etiologic agent of rocky mountain spotted fever, causes widespread vasculitis due to extensive injury of endothelial cells lining small blood vessels. injury to these cells can lead to denudation of the endothelial lining and exposure of the thrombogenic subendothelium. modification of the cell surface, either through minor trauma or as a result of altered cell surface biochemistry, could induce changes reflected in increased platelet reactivity. because membrane modif ... | 1986 | 3081662 |
| in situ detection of enteroviral genomes in myocardial cells by nucleic acid hybridization: an approach to the diagnosis of viral heart disease. | we have developed an in situ hybridization assay capable of detecting enteroviral rna in myocardial cells, using molecularly cloned coxsackievirus b3 cdna as a diagnostic probe. because of the high degree of nucleic acid sequence homology among the numerous enteroviral serotypes, including the group a and b coxsackieviruses and the echoviruses, detection of these various agents commonly implicated in human viral heart disease is possible in a single hybridization assay. we demonstrate the consid ... | 1987 | 2819870 |
| production and characterization of cloned t-cell hybridomas that are responsive to rickettsia conorii antigens. | t-cell hybridomas produced by the fusion of rickettsia conorii immune t cells to the akr thymoma bw 5147 produced interleukin-2 when stimulated with the antigens of three different r. conorii strains. one cloned hybridoma responded only to r. conorii antigens, whereas a second and third cloned hybridoma also responded to the antigens of rickettsia rickettsii sheila smith and rickettsia sibirica 246, respectively. antigen responses required antigen-presenting cells, and this interaction was major ... | 1986 | 3082761 |
| metabolic changes in glutathione and metallothionein in newborn rat liver. | metallothionein (mt) and glutathione (gsh) both contain 30% cysteine and they have distinct developmental profiles in perinatal rat liver. the metabolic relationships between these two cysteine pools were investigated in newborn rats under various experimental conditions. injection of 2-day-old rat pups with buthionine sulfoximine, phorone or diethylmaleate decreased hepatic gsh levels without any change in high basal levels of mt or zinc. similarly injection of l-oxothiazolidine carboxylate inc ... | 1989 | 2566683 |
| the sensitivity of various serologic tests in the diagnosis of rocky mountain spotted fever. | sensitivity indices for various serologic tests in the diagnosis of rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) were determined from rmsf surveillance data collected at the centers for disease control (cdc) during 1981-1984. during these 4 years, a total of 4,141 cases of rmsf in the u.s. were reported to cdc. case report forms, which include information on dates and results of serologic testing, were received for 3,567 of these cases; 1,774 were laboratory-confirmed according to criteria published prev ... | 1986 | 3089042 |
| [serologic studies of spotted fever group rickettsiosis occurring in muroto-city, kochi prefecture]. | | 1986 | 3090165 |
| effects of the binding of myosin light chain kinase on the reactivities of calmodulin lysines. | the effects of the binding of smooth muscle myosin light chain (mlc) kinase on the microenvironments of different regions of calmodulin (cam) were investigated by comparing the acylation rate constants of the seven lysine amino groups of free cam with those of cam complexed with mlc kinase. equimolar amounts of cam and cam-mlc kinase complex were trace labeled with [3h]acetic anhydride in the presence of phenylalanine as a standard nucleophile. after completion of the reaction, equal amounts of ... | 1986 | 3091599 |