| attempted transmission to cattle of anaplasma marginale from overwintered dermacentor andersoni ticks. | since the 1983 summer outbreak of anaplasmosis in southern saskatchewan, the role of the tick, dermacentor andersoni as an overwintering reservoir for anaplasma marginale has been questioned. the purpose of this study was to determine if spring-collected ticks carried virulent a. marginale. sixteen splenectomized calves were assigned randomly to two groups of 14 principals and two controls. adult d. andersoni, collected in april from areas having high transmission rates of a. marginale, were con ... | 1987 | 3651893 |
| field observations on adult zebu bulls immunised against anaplasmosis by infection and treatment plus integrated tick control. | fourteen adult zebu bulls which were negative for anaplasma marginale infection both serologically and on blood smear examinations were infected with a virulent nigerian isolate of a. marginale. forty days following the immunising infection when clinical reactions were established groups of seven animals were treated with either two doses of imidocarb dipropionate (2 x 5 mg/kg given intramuscularly 14 days apart) or a single intramuscular dose of long-acting oxytetracycline (5 mg/kg). following ... | 1986 | 3705174 |
| spherocytosis associated with anaplasmosis in two cows. | spherocytes were detected on blood smears of 2 angus cows. the rbc from both cows had increased fragility in hypotonic saline solution, supporting the presence of spherocytes. other laboratory tests revealed a macrocytic, regenerative anemia with anisocytosis, polychromasia, basophilic stippling, howell-jolly bodies, nucleated rbc, and anaplasma marginale organisms. a complement-fixation test was positive for anaplasmosis in cow 1 and a direct coombs' test was positive for immunoglobulin g in bo ... | 1986 | 3710896 |
| interaction between parasite and tick vector. | interaction of tick vectors with borrelia species including b. burgdorferi, rickettsias and piroplasms has been demonstrated by describing selected phenomena. in particular, the various environments inside the tick vector have been considered, including the midgut lumen, gut epithelial cells, body cavities and tissues. intracellular parasitism occurs in different compartments of the host cell: parasitophorous vacuoles (anaplasma marginale), phagolysosomes (coxiella spp.), cytoplasm (rickettsia, ... | 1990 | 2120142 |
| experimental anaplasmosis in american bison: persistence of infections of anaplasma marginale and non-susceptibility to a. ovis. | blood collected 314 and 496 days after experimentally infecting splenectomized and spleen-intact american bison (bison bison) with anaplasma marginale was infective for splenectomized bovine steers. the pathogenesis was identical to that seen in bovine studies using bovine blood inoculations. a splenectomized bison remained normal clinically, hematologically and serologically for 10 mo after repeated inoculation of ovine blood infected with a. ovis. | 1986 | 3712642 |
| test of the sheep ked melophagus ovinus (l) as a vector of anaplasma ovis lestoquard. | the sheep ked melophagus ovinus was evaluated as a possible vector of anaplasma ovis. in 4 tests, 45 to 293 keds were transferred from sheep with acute anaplasmosis, low level parasitemia, or carrier state of anaplasmosis to individual splenectomized ewes. keds were confined in stockinette cages attached to the dorsal midline of the recipient hosts for 10 days. throughout the 90-day observation periods after the keds were transferred, no clinical, serologic, or hematologic evidence of anaplasmos ... | 1986 | 3717726 |
| a microplate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for measuring antibody to anaplasma marginale in cattle serum. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) method is described for measuring antibody against anaplasma marginale in cattle serum. this method was more sensitive and objective than a previously described elisa method for a. marginale and possible reasons for this are discussed. all 83 cattle experimentally infected with a. marginale (81) or a. centrale (2) developed demonstrable specific antibody but the serums of 98.8% of 839 cattle from cattle tick-free areas did not react by elisa; 378 seru ... | 1986 | 3729834 |
| dynamics of anaplasma marginale in splenectomised calves treated with either imidocarb or oxytetracycline. | neither imidocarb dipropionate (at 5 mg/kg body weight intramuscularly once or twice at a seven-day interval) nor oxytetracycline hydrochloride (at 20 mg/kg body weight intramuscularly once or twice at a seven-day interval) given to animals in the prepatent period of anaplasmosis, prevented the eventual onset of infection. both compounds delayed the onset of detectable parasitaemia but this action was more noticeable with oxytetracycline. oxytetracycline given twice significantly reduced the sev ... | 1986 | 3739000 |
| australian frozen vaccines for the control of babesiosis and anaplasmosis in cattle--a review. | | 1990 | 2181745 |
| estimation of the potential demand for a bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis vaccine in argentina. | a survey to estimate the potential demand for a bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis vaccine was carried out by a postal questionnaire sent to 4407 veterinarians in the north and centre of argentina. twenty-three percent of the questionnaires (1047) were answered; 317 (7.2% of the total, 30% of those answered) pointed out the occurrence of the diseases and/or probable demand for the vaccine. the minimum and maximum demands were 407,892 and 982,300 doses for anaplasmosis, and 272,496 and 631,400 do ... | 1990 | 2382381 |
| differential extraction of antigens of anaplasma marginale. | strain-, group-, and genus-specific antigens of the florida isolate of anaplasma marginale had different solubilities in zwitterionic, nonionic, and anionic detergents. on the basis of their solubility in nonionic detergent, antigens were grouped into 3 classes: (i) a 108-kilodalton (kd) group-specific antigen and a series of poorly defined antigens (70 to 100 kd) were completely soluble in nonionic detergent; (ii) 96 kd and 75 kd group-specific antigens, and a 91-kd strain-specific antigen were ... | 1988 | 2450497 |
| recognition of conserved surface protein epitopes on anaplasma centrale and anaplasma marginale isolates from israel, kenya and the united states. | | 1988 | 2452797 |
| bovine anaplasmosis: susceptibility of seronegative cows from an infected herd to experimental infection with anaplasma marginale. | adult cows from an anaplasma marginale-infected herd that were negative to the a marginale rapid card agglutination (rca) and complement fixation (cf) tests for 1 to 4 years developed acute anaplasmosis after inoculation with 0.5 ml of blood from an a marginale carrier cow. the test cattle were as susceptible as the control cattle of similar ages. also, 2 cows that had seroconverted from rca/cf-positive to rca/cf-negative status naturally were fully susceptible to anaplasmosis when they were exp ... | 1987 | 3818429 |
| ovine anaplasmosis: in utero transmission as it relates to stage of gestation. | seventeen mature, pregnant, anaplasmosis-susceptible and 3 anaplasmosis-carrier ewes were used in anaplasma ovis in utero transmission studies. susceptible ewes were arbitrarily allotted to 3 groups, 4 each in groups a and c and 9 in group b, and were inoculated with whole blood from a carrier ewe. each group was anaplasma-exposed once during one of the thirds of pregnancy. in all ewes, resulting parasitemias were low and anemias were mild. three carrier ewes comprised group d. blood samples wer ... | 1987 | 3826827 |
| erythrocyte osmotic fragility and cation concentrations during experimentally induced bovine anaplasmosis. | 1. the osmotic fragility, the concentrations of na, k and ca, the osmolality and the total atpase activity of bovine erythrocytes from uninfected and anaplasma marginale-infected bovines were studied in an attempt to correlate these parameters with the decrease in the cellular atp concentration reported during bovine anaplasmosis. 2. the osmotic fragility found in infected bovine erythrocytes, at 0.52% nacl, was about two times greater than that observed in non-infected bovines. the increase in ... | 1989 | 2574096 |
| seroepidemiology of bovine anaplasmosis and babesiosis in venezuela. | the serological prevalence of bovine anaplasmosis and babesiosis in the centro-occidental region of venezuela was determined using the indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) and latex agglutination (lat) tests. anaplasma marginale ifa and lat prevalence rates were 57.7 and 48.6% respectively for cattle of all ages and breeds. the respective prevalence of ifa activity to b. bigemina and b. bovis was 78.2 and 38.8%. the lat test specific only for babesia spp. revealed that 61.4% of the animals tested ... | 1985 | 3887703 |
| development of an indirect fluorescent antibody test, using microfluorometry as a diagnostic test for bovine anaplasmosis. | the indirect fluorescent antibody test for the diagnosis of anaplasma marginale infection in cattle was modified for use with microfluorometry. the test was standardized by use of a fluorometer that measures intensity of fluorescence. standardization included a marginale-infected blood smears on microscope slides as antigen, serum from an inoculated calf as a positive control containing specific antibody, and an affinity-purified fluorescein-conjugated anti-bovine immunoglobulin as 2nd antibody. ... | 1985 | 3890629 |
| high-yield preparation of purified anaplasma marginale from infected bovine red blood cells. | purification of anaplasma marginale from infected bovine rbc was achieved through enzyme treatment and density-gradient centrifugation. a relative yield of 41.6% was obtained by dividing the number of organisms in the final purified preparation by the number of a marginale-infected rbc. purified parasites were verified as a marginale by light microscopy, electron microscopy, and immunologic tests. the purified parasites reacted positively with calf and rabbit anti-a marginale sera in interfacial ... | 1985 | 3898932 |
| detection of geographic isolates of anaplasma marginale, using polyclonal bovine antisera and microfluorometry. | geographically separate united states isolates of anaplasma marginale were differentiated, using polyclonal bovine antiserum and microfluorometry. both isolate-common and restricted antigen-specific antibodies were apparent in sera of splenectomized calves after resolution of infection, as judged by the capability of the antisera to recognize heterologous isolate antigens to a lesser extent than homologous antigens. furthermore, absorption of the antisera with homologous antigens removed homolog ... | 1985 | 3907437 |
| modified indirect fluorescent antibody test for the serodiagnosis of anaplasma marginale infections in cattle. | a modified indirect fluorescence antibody technique was used for the serodiagnosis of anaplasma marginale infections in cattle. nonspecific antibodies adherent to infected erythrocytes were removed, using acidic glycine buffer. evans blue was used as a counterstain. | 1985 | 3907438 |
| anaplasma marginale, eperythrozoon wenyoni: lectin reactions with bovine erythrocytes. | normal bovine erythrocytes were agglutinated with four of five lectins specific for different oligosaccharides. the order of reactivity was wheat germ greater than ricin greater than soybean greater than peanut. concanavalin a did not agglutinate normal bovine erythrocytes. after neuraminidase treatment of normal bovine erythrocytes, each lectin agglutinated the cells with decreased concentrations of lectin, verifying that partial removal of sialic acid exposes more of each lectin's binding site ... | 1986 | 3943586 |
| seroprevalence of anaplasmosis in the red river plains and south-east areas of louisiana. | the indirect fluorescent antibody test was used to detect antibodies to anaplasma marginale in serum samples collected from cattle in the red river plains and south-east areas of louisiana. convenience sampling of herd clusters was used. a reactor rate of 7.8% was found in 11,085 samples. beef cattle had a 11.2% reactor rate compared with 3.8% for dairy cattle. the angus and angus cross-breed group had the highest reactor rate. | 1989 | 2675458 |
| isolate of anaplasma marginale not transmitted by ticks. | the tick-borne transmissibility of 2 isolates of anaplasma marginale was compared. dermacentor variabilis were exposed to a marginale as nymphs by feeding on 1 of 4 splenectomized calves during periods of ascending parasitemia (maximum 49% to 81% parasitized erythrocytes) induced by injection of a stabilate. tick-borne transmission was attempted, using 26 to 224 adult ticks within 30 to 220 days after molting. adult d variabilis did not transmit an illinois isolate of a marginale in 7 tick-borne ... | 1986 | 3946891 |
| anaplasma marginale in tick cell culture. | anaplasma marginale was propagated in a tick cell line derived from dermacentor variabilis embryos. the rickettsial organism was identified and monitored in culture by transmission electron microscopy and the indirect immunofluorescence technique, using specific monoclonal antibodies. inoculation of the embryonic tick cell line with midguts of infected adult ticks (culture 1), nymphal ticks (culture 2) and adult ticks that were infected as nymphs and dissected as adults (culture 3) resulted in 3 ... | 1989 | 2692483 |
| identification of antigens of two isolates of anaplasma marginale, using a western blot technique. | antigens of the illinois (iam) and florida (fam) isolates of anaplasma marginale were analyzed, using the western blot technique and antiserum from a marginale-infected calves. crude antigens were prepared from the parasitemic blood of each. antiserum was collected after the primary and recrudescent parasitemias. antigens were separated, using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. antigens were then transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes and exposed to test sera. antibodi ... | 1986 | 3963551 |
| epidemiologic aspects of bovine anaplasmosis in semiarid range conditions of south central idaho. | the prevalance of anaplasma marginale-infected cows, as determined by use of the modified rapid card agglutination (mrca) test, was measured during a 4-year period (1980-1983). the prevalence of a marginale-infected cows, defined as positive reactors on the mrca test, remained constant (31%-37%). the apparent incidence of a marginale transmission to susceptible cows was approximately 7% from 1980 to 1981, 8% from 1981 to 1982, and no transmission from 1982 to 1983. the occasional mrca-positive c ... | 1986 | 3963555 |
| susceptibility of bos indicus and bos taurus to anaplasma marginale and babesia bigemina infections. | the reaction of bos taurus and pure-bred bos indicus heifers to infection with the intraerythrocytic parasites anaplasma marginale and babesia bigemina was studied. b. bigemina infection at 18 months and a. marginale infection at 13 or 24 months resulted in slightly less severe reactions in pure-bred bos indicus cattle than in bos taurus. in both breeds, the reaction to a. marginale infection was more severe in older cattle. the severity of b. bigemina infection was not affected by a previous in ... | 1985 | 3992874 |
| detection of babesia bigemina in cattle by a radioimmunoassay incorporating specifically depleted antigen. | it was observed that mild acidification (ph less than 4.0) together with solvent extraction of the soluble sonicate of a crude preparation of babesia bigemina infected cattle erythrocytes caused a quantitative loss of b. bigemina-specific antigen. cross-reacting antigen activities with babesia bovis remained intact. these properties were utilized in an assay system wherein antibody response to the specifically depleted antigen preparation was subtracted from the response to the initial crude pre ... | 1989 | 2763443 |
| chemoprophylaxis of anaplasma ovis infection in sheep with a long-acting oxytetracycline. | the chemoprophylactic efficacy of long-acting oxytetracycline was determined in 13 susceptible ewes infected with anaplasma ovis. the drug was administered intramuscularly at a dose rate of 20 mg kg-1 body weight during the prepatent period. when the ewes were exposed to an equivalent homologous challenge on day 45 post-infection, each showed a mild or inapparent reaction. the host reactions, i.e., body temperature, parasitaemia, packed-cell volume (pcv), haemoglobin, humoral and cell mediated i ... | 1985 | 3992880 |
| cross-reaction of tick salivary antigens in the boophilus microplus-cattle system. | calves were immunized with boophilus microplus saliva, filtered through millipore membranes, in freund's complete adjuvant. serum samples were tested by passive hemagglutination against babesia bigemina, anaplasma marginale, b. microplus larvae extract, stomoxys calcitrans extract and b. microplus saliva. after immunization, titers to saliva, larval tick-extract and to s. calcitrans were increased. the challenge with live tick larvae enhanced the formation of antibodies against larva extract, fl ... | 1985 | 3992881 |
| anaplasma marginale infections in american bison: experimental infection and serologic study. | anaplasma marginale was experimentally transmitted from cattle to bison and back to cattle. of the 2 splenectomized and 1 intact american bison calves (bison bison) inoculated with a north texas a marginale stabilate, 1 splenectomized and 1 intact bison exhibited clinical signs of anaplasmosis. active parasitemias in these bison were observed along with positive reactions in the rapid card agglutination and complement fixation tests. blood from the infected bison produced disease in splenectomiz ... | 1985 | 3994109 |
| infectivity of cryopreserved babesia bovis, babesia bigemina and anaplasma centrale for cattle after thawing, dilution and incubation at 30 degrees c. | blood containing either babesia bovis, babesia bigemina or anaplasma centrale was mixed with an equal volume of 3 m glycerol in phosphate-buffered saline with or without glucose and then stored in liquid nitrogen for 2-30 days. after being thawed, the parasitized blood was subjected to various procedures, including dilution up to 1000-fold followed by incubation at 30 or 4 degrees c for 8 h, before infectivity of the parasites was tested in a total of 70 cattle. the results showed that the blood ... | 1989 | 2763444 |
| demonstration of vaccine-induced immunity to anaplasmosis without induction of persistent postvaccinal complement-fixing and agglutinating antibodies in yearling steers. | the protective effect and anti-anaplasma complement-fixing and agglutinating antibody responses induced in yearling steers by vaccination with an inactivated anaplasma marginale vaccine were evaluated by challenge exposure. eleven 12- to 14-month-old hereford x angus steers were randomly allotted into 6 principals and 5 controls. the principals were injected im with 5 ml of vaccine on days 0 and 21. on day 70, the 11 steers were challenge exposed by iv inoculation of a marginale-infected blood. ... | 1985 | 3994127 |
| immunization of cattle with the msp-1 surface protein complex induces protection against a structurally variant anaplasma marginale isolate. | the anaplasma marginale surface protein complex msp-1 of the florida isolate is composed of a 105-kilodalton (kda) polypeptide, which bears a neutralization-sensitive epitope, and a 100-kda polypeptide. antigenically similar polypeptides in the okanogan, wash. (washington-o), isolate msp-1 are 86 and 100 kda, respectively. immunization of cattle with florida isolate msp-1 induced antibody titers to both msp-1 polypeptides and protected cattle against homologous and heterologous challenge. | 1989 | 2807542 |
| comparative response of friesian milking cows and calves to anaplasma centrale vaccine. | | 1985 | 3995254 |
| dna probes for the detection of anaplasma centrale and anaplasma marginale. | anaplasmosis can be diagnosed either by immunological techniques or by direct microscopic examination of blood smears. both methods are time-consuming and labour intensive. the use of dna probes in an hybridization assay may simplify the diagnosis of anaplasmosis in cattle and sheep. a genomic dna library of anaplasma centrale was constructed in an expression vector and screened to detect clones containing a. centrale dna. four probes which hybridized to a. centrale and anaplasma marginale dna w ... | 1987 | 2832800 |
| detection and quantitation of anaplasma marginale in carrier cattle by using a nucleic acid probe. | cattle which have recovered from acute infection with anaplasma marginale, a rickettsial hemoparasite of cattle, frequently remain persistently infected with a low-level parasitemia and serve as reservoirs for disease transmission. to fully understand the role of these carriers in disease prevalence and transmission, it is essential that low levels of parasitemia can be accurately detected and quantitated. we have developed a nucleic acid probe, derived from a portion of a gene encoding a 105,00 ... | 1989 | 2915021 |
| electron microscopy of negatively stained anaplasma marginale theiler, 1910. | | 1970 | 4097064 |
| deoxyribonucleic acid of anaplasma marginale. | deoxyribonucleic acid from isolated marginal bodies and calf erythrocytes infected with anaplasma marginale is found to be double stranded and to contain 51 moles per cent guanine plus cytosine. | 1972 | 4109892 |
| systemic lupus erythematosus associated with haemobartonella-like organisms. | | 1972 | 4112548 |
| gram-staining characteristics of anaplasma marginale. | | 1973 | 4120967 |
| a rapid procedure for preparing fluorescein-isothiocyanate-labeled anti-anaplasma gamma globulin. | | 1965 | 4160492 |
| hyper-gamma m-globulinemia in experimental anaplasmosis. | | 1966 | 4165332 |
| preservation and observation of anaplasmas with tails in capillary tubes. | | 1967 | 4166438 |
| ultrastructure of anaplasma marginale fixed with glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide. | | 1967 | 4167894 |
| the immunoglobulin response in intact and splenectomized calves infected with anaplasma marginale. | | 1968 | 4171949 |
| recognition of anaplasma marginale theiler in dermacentor andersoni stiles (=d. venustus marx) by the fluorescent antibody method. i. smears of nymphal organs. | | 1970 | 4189907 |
| an antigenic and serologic comparison of two virulent strains and an attenuated strain of anaplasma marginale. | | 1970 | 4193922 |
| [incertae sedis parasites in comparative pathology]. | | 1972 | 4196197 |
| evaluation of an indirect fluorescent antibody test for detecting babesia argentina infection in cattle. | | 1973 | 4201299 |
| [studies of the reproductive capacity of rams with haemosporidiasis]. | | 1973 | 4213758 |
| the indonesian developmental area study: observations on mammals from south and east kalimantan (borneo). | | 1974 | 4215144 |
| epidemiology of bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis in zambia. | the serological prevalence of bovine babesiosis and anaplasmosis in the traditional farming sector of six provinces of zambia was determined using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) for babesiosis and the card agglutination test (cat) for anaplasmosis. antibodies to babesia bigemina occurred throughout the country whereas the prevalence of b. bovis followed the distribution of its tick vector boophilus microplus which is limited to the north-eastern part of the country. low numbers of ... | 1988 | 3070875 |
| atpase activity of the erythrocytic membrane in anaplasmosis and of anaplasma marginale. | | 1967 | 4226158 |
| exacerbation of latent erythrocytic infections in deer following splenectomy. | eight adult deer and 4 fawns, from wild populations, were splenectomized and observed for evidence of hemo-parasitic relapses. the animals were maintained indoors under tick-free conditions and in the absence of known arthropod vectors. following splenectomy 2 adult deer and 2 fawns developed acute eperythrozoon infections, 3 adult deer developed acute theileria infections, 2 adult deer developed a demonstrable anaplasma marginale parasitemia, and 1 adult deer exhibited a low level parasitemia o ... | 1967 | 4229931 |
| adenosine triphosphatase activity associated with bovine erythrocyte membranes during infection with anaplasma marginale. | | 1974 | 4276083 |
| hypolipoidemia and hypergammaglobulinemia associated with experimentally induced anaplasmosis in calves. | | 1974 | 4362213 |
| imidocarb dipropionate therapy in kenyan anaplasmosis and babesiosis. | | 1974 | 4413774 |
| the chemotherapeutic efficacy of imidocarb dihydrochloride on concurrent bovine anaplasmosis and babesiosis. i. the effects of a single treatment. | | 1974 | 4416121 |
| the chemotherapeutic efficacy of imidocarb dihydrochloride on concurrent bovine anaplasmosis and babesiosis. ii. the effects of multiple treatments. | | 1974 | 4416122 |
| mechanism and specificity of the capillary tube-agglutination test for diagnosis of anaplasmosis. | | 1974 | 4433075 |
| the fine structure of intra-erythrocytic stages of theileria gorgonis and a strain of anaplasma marginale isolated from wildebeest (connochaetes taurinus). | | 1974 | 4473851 |
| culture of anaplasma marginale in lymph node cells. | | 1974 | 4534775 |
| cinematographic recording of paranaplasma caudata and plasmodium gallinaceum: in vitro kinetics. | | 1972 | 4551619 |
| definition and taxonomy of anaplasma species with emphasis on morphologic and immunologic features. | | 1972 | 4559142 |
| scanning electron microscopic studies of paranaplasma sp. in erythrocytes of a cow. | | 1973 | 4572301 |
| studies on homologous and heterologous antibody responses to infections with anaplasma marginale and a. centrale using the indirect fluorescent antibody and capillary tube agglutination tests. | | 1973 | 4582010 |
| game anaplasmosis: the isolation of anaplasma organisms from antelope. | | 1973 | 4582785 |
| chemotherapy of anaplasmosis, babesiasis, and theileriasis. | | 1973 | 4585169 |
| fluorescent-antibody cross reactions between four blood parasites. | | 1974 | 4602679 |
| appendage-related antigen production by paranaplasma caudatum in deer erythrocytes. | | 1974 | 4611285 |
| transmission of anaplasma marginale by the cattle tick boophilus microplus. | | 1972 | 4640755 |
| cryogenic preservation of anaplasma marginale with dimethyl sulfoxide. | | 1972 | 4641213 |
| the inhibitory effect of imidocarb on experimental anaplasmosis in splenectomized calves. | | 1972 | 4648992 |
| combined treatment with a dithiosemicarbazone and oxytetracycline to eliminate anaplasma marginale infections in splenectomized calves. | | 1972 | 4648995 |
| comparative response to premunization using attenuated anaplasma marginale virulent a. marginale and a. centrale in different age groups. | | 1972 | 4671458 |
| preliminary studies on the transmission of anaplasma marginale by boophilus microplus. | | 1973 | 4689814 |
| cell-mediated immune responses in calves with anaplasmosis. | | 1973 | 4707561 |
| epizootiologic studies of anaplasmosis in oregon mule deer. | | 1973 | 4784318 |
| attempts at immunizing cattle against anaplasmosis using a killed vaccine. | | 1973 | 4802404 |
| elimination of eperythrozoon spp. from mixed infections with babesia and anaplasma. | | 1974 | 4813199 |
| in vitro uptake of 14c-labeled amino acids by preparations of partially purified anaplasma marginale bodies. | studies on the incorporation of three (14)c-labeled amino acids into preparations of partially purified anaplasma marginale were conducted. relatively high levels of uptake of radioactive isoleucine, glycine, and methionine were detected in both trichloroacetic acid-soluble and -insoluble fractions of these preparations, indicating that the parasite is capable of protein synthesis outside its erythrocytic environment. when erythrocytes (red blood cells) from infected calves were incubated with [ ... | 1974 | 4822866 |
| malignant transformation of condyloma acuminatum. a light microscopic and ultrastructural study. | | 1974 | 4827053 |
| an electron microscope study of diagnostic antigens prepared from anaplasma marginale. | | 1974 | 4838997 |
| immunity in bovine anaplasmosis after elimination of anaplasma marginale infections with imidocarb. | | 1974 | 4842856 |
| seroprevalence of anaplasmosis and babesiosis in livestock on st lucia, 1983. | | 1988 | 3194971 |
| hybridization of dna probes to a. marginale isolates from different sources and detection in dermacentor andersoni ticks. | dna from the washington, south-idaho, virginia and florida isolates of anaplasma marginale was hybridized to probes specific for anaplasma centrale and a. marginale. the a. centrale probes ac-2 and ac-4 hybridized to identical bands on all of these isolates. the hybridization patterns suggests that the virginia, florida and the south african isolates are similar. a number of bands were obtained with the washington isolate which differed from those obtained with the other isolates. probe ac-2 cou ... | 1988 | 3217095 |
| monoclonal antibodies that distinguish trypanosoma congolense, t. vivax and t. brucei. | monoclonal antibodies (moabs) were derived against in-vitro-propagated procyclic forms of trypanosoma congolense, t. vivax, t. brucei brucei and t.b. rhodesiense in order to identify antigens for use in immunodiagnosis of african trypanosomiasis. the antibodies have been tested against procyclic and bloodstream form trypanosomes of 13 t. congolense, six t. vivax six t.b. brucei, four t.b. rhodesiense, five t.b. gambiense and three t. simiae isolates from different geographical areas by indirect ... | 1987 | 3306569 |
| immunization of cattle with a 36-kilodalton surface protein induces protection against homologous and heterologous anaplasma marginale challenge. | immunization of cattle with a purified anaplasma marginale major surface protein, amf36, induced protection against homologous challenge with the florida isolate. similarly, immunized cattle were protected from challenge with the antigenically and structurally distinct washington-o isolate of a. marginale. the degree of protection in amf36-immunized cattle varied from complete prevention of rickettsemia to significant delay in the onset of rickettsemia compared with control immunized cattle. a s ... | 1988 | 3372018 |
| detection of anaplasma-marginale-infected tick vectors by using a cloned dna probe. | anaplasmosis is the most widely distributed of several important tick-borne diseases that constrain cattle production throughout much of the world. evaluation of the effectiveness of disease control strategies that integrate vaccination with tick control requires the ability to monitor tick and cattle infection rates. to detect anaplasma marginale in ticks and bovine erythrocytes, a 2-kilobase dna fragment from a cloned a. marginale gene coding for a surface protein having a mr of 105,000 was pr ... | 1988 | 3422471 |
| persistence of colonies of anaplasma marginale in overwintering dermacentor variabilis. | dermacentor variabilis were infected as nymphs with anaplasma marginale by allowing the ticks to feed on a single infected donor calf. two weeks after molting to the adult stage, the ticks were allotted into 1 of 3 groups and were allowed to overwinter at room temperature (25 c) in the laboratory (group 1), cold storage (4.5 c) in the laboratory (group 2), or outdoors in leaf litter (group 3). persistence of a marginale was assessed by determining density of colonies (number of colonies/0.1 mm2 ... | 1987 | 3592362 |
| vaccination with anaplasma centrale: response after an experimental challenge with anaplasma marginale. | the haematological and clinical responses to vaccination with anaplasma centrale and to subsequent challenge with anaplasma marginale were evaluated. twenty holstein steers 14 to 16 months of age were divided into two groups of 12 and eight animals respectively (groups i and ii). group i was inoculated on day zero with 10(7) a. centrale-infected erythrocytes and group ii was kept as a control. on day 125 both groups were challenged with 5 x 10(7) a. marginale-infected erythrocytes. a. centrale i ... | 1987 | 3629722 |
| use of the dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with isolated anaplasma marginale initial bodies for serodiagnosis of anaplasmosis in cattle. | isolated anaplasma marginale initial bodies were successfully used in a dot elisa for rapid detection of antibodies to anaplasma organisms. the enzyme immunoassay used only 25 ng of antigen dotted onto nitrocellulose disks. antigen-antibody complexes were detected by use of alkaline phosphatase-conjugated protein a, and reactions were read visually after addition of a precipitable, chromogenic substrate. the test allowed the processing of multiple sera, either for screening or for titer determin ... | 1990 | 2240769 |
| methods currently used for the control of anaplasmosis and babesiosis: their validity and proposals for future control strategies. | four alternative approaches to the control of anaplasmosis and babesiosis as a complex of diseases are identified: no active control, tick control, immunization, and chemoprophylaxis. these methods may be utilized in one of five strategies: tick eradication with or without concurrent immunization, tick reduction with or without concurrent immunization or no active control. factors influencing the choice of strategy are discussed. | 1990 | 2284136 |
| intermediate site of development of anaplasma marginale in feeding adult dermacentor andersoni ticks that were infected as nymphs. | the development of anaplasma marginale in midgut epithelial cells was studied in feeding, transmitting adult dermacentor andersoni ticks. laboratory-reared ticks experimentally infected as nymphs were allowed to feed from 1 to 9 days on susceptible calves. gut tissues from ticks were collected on each day they fed (total, 9 days) and were processed for light and transmission electron microscopy. colonies of a marginale were abundant during the first 6 days of feeding, after which numbers decreas ... | 1990 | 2301812 |
| a column purification procedure for the removal of leucocytes from parasite-infected bovine blood. | a cellulose column procedure is described which removes white cells from bovine blood infected with babesia and anaplasma. the efficiency of this method was confirmed by the absence of white blood cell dna in lysates from column-filtered infected as well as non-infected blood. | 1986 | 3763171 |
| transmission of anaplasma marginale theiler by males of dermacentor andersoni stiles fed on an idaho field-infected, chronic carrier cow. | the role of ticks and carrier cattle in epizootics of bovine anaplasmosis was further clarified by demonstrating unequivocally, for the first time, that male ticks fed on a chronic carrier cow naturally infected with anaplasma marginale can transmit this parasite intrastadially and biologically when subsequently fed on susceptible cattle. these data indicate that field epizootics of acute anaplasmosis may be initiated by males of tick vector species that feed on carrier cattle and subsequently t ... | 1986 | 3777655 |
| infectivity of three anaplasma marginale isolates for dermacentor andersoni. | three isolates of anaplasma marginale--virginia (vam), illinois (iam), and florida (fam)--were compared for infectivity for dermacentor andersoni. the isolates were selected, in part, because of a tail-like appendage that has been demonstrated in the vam and iam, but not in the fam. ticks were exposed to the isolates as nymphs either naturally by feeding on a calf with anaplasmosis or artificially by percutaneous inoculation with infected bovine erythrocytes. they were examined for infectivity a ... | 1987 | 3826850 |
| immunization with an isolate-common surface protein protects cattle against anaplasmosis. | hemoparasitic diseases are endemic in half the world's livestock production areas and are the greatest obstacle to improved meat, milk, and fiber production in the third world. the most prevalent of these diseases, anaplasmosis, occurs throughout tropical and subtropical regions and is responsible for 50,000 to 100,000 cattle deaths annually in the united states alone. despite its prevalence and the severity of the losses, an effective immunoprophylaxis for anaplasmosis has not been developed. a ... | 1986 | 3945825 |
| observations on histamine, serotonin, cortisol and cortisol binding globulins in bovine anaplasmosis. | changes in histamine, serotonin, cortisol and cortisol binding globulin (cbg) levels were observed in anaplasma marginale-infected bovine calves. in addition, packed cell volume (pcv), platelet number and percentage parasitaemia were also recorded. the whole blood histamine and serotonin values rose significantly (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.025, respectively) during the acute stage of anaplasma infection. higher serum cortisol and cbg levels (p less than 0.05) were observed in acute and ... | 1986 | 3962160 |