| primary structure and receptor-binding properties of a neurokinin a-related peptide from frog gut. | a tachykinin peptide was isolated from an extract of the intestine of the european green frog, rana ridibunda, and its primary structure was established as: his-lys-leu-asp-ser-phe-ile-gly-leu-met.conh2. this sequence was confirmed by chemical synthesis and shows two amino acid substitutions (leucine for threonine at position 3 and isoleucine for valine at position 7) compared with neurokinin a. binding parameters for synthetic [leu3,ile7]neurokinin a and mammalian tachykinins were compared usin ... | 1992 | 1332683 |
| neutrophil adherence to isolated adult cardiac myocytes. induction by cardiac lymph collected during ischemia and reperfusion. | canine neutrophils can be induced to adhere in vitro to isolated adult cardiac myocytes by stimulation of the neutrophils with chemotactic factors such as zymosan-activated serum (zas) only if the myocytes have been previously exposed to cytokines such as interleukin 1 (il-1) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha. these cytokines induce synthesis and surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1) on the myocyte, and neutrophil adhesion is almost entirely cd18 and icam-1 dependent. the ... | 1992 | 1346618 |
| mapping of the nu gene using congenic nude strains and in situ hybridization. | the chromosomal location of the nu gene, which is responsible for hairlessness and athymus, was determined using six dna markers (interleukin 3 [il-3], myhs, acrb, evi-2, mpo, and hox-2) on mouse chromosome 11. we constructed the high-resolution physical mapping of the six dna markers on chromosome 11 by in situ hybridization using fluorescence-labeled cosmid probes. the results indicate the order of centromere-(41cm)-il-3-(3cm)-myhs- (4cm)-acrb-(6cm)-evi-2-(3cm)-mpo-(5cm)- hox-2. we have used c ... | 1992 | 1346798 |
| fimbriation, capsulation, and iron-scavenging systems of klebsiella strains associated with human urinary tract infection. | thirty-two strains of klebsiella pneumoniae and seven strains of klebsiella oxytoca isolated from urinary tract infections in elderly adults were analyzed for capsular antigens, iron-scavenging systems, and fimbriation. all strains were capsulated. twenty-seven different k antigens were identified among the strains, with no particular antigen dominating. all strains produced the iron-scavenging system enterochelin as analyzed by bioassay and dna hybridization. in contrast, the aerobactin iron-se ... | 1992 | 1347287 |
| pregnancy after transfer of frozen-thawed human embryos. | cryopreservation of human embryos has been successfully applied in in vitro fertilization (ivf) and embryo transfer (et) programs at the national taiwan university hospital since 1988. our preliminary results with 120 frozen-thawed embryos in 31 transfer cycles showed that the survival rate of frozen embryos was 66%. following transfer, the implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were 6.5% and 13%, respectively. four clinical pregnancies and one preclinical pregnancy following a frozen-tha ... | 1992 | 1360300 |
| isolation and characterization of carotenoid hyperproducing mutants of yeast by flow cytometry and cell sorting. | the carotenoid pigment astaxanthin (3,3'-dihydroxy-beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione) is an important component in feeds of aquacultural animals. it is produced as a secondary metabolite by the yeast phaffia rhodozyma, and the isolation of rare mutants that produce increased quantities is limited by the lack of genetic selections. as a model system for enriching mutants increased in production of secondary metabolites, we have used quantitative flow cytometry/cell sorting (fccs) to isolate astaxanth ... | 1991 | 1367215 |
| targeting of gene expression to skeletal and cardiac muscle of trangenic animals. | the tissue restricted and developmental potentiation of transcription by chicken alpha-skeletal actin promoter regions fused to the reporter gene chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (cat) were characterized in transgenic mice. six of eight expressing transgenic mouse lines containing the chicken alpha-skeletal actin promoter fused to cat resulted in preferential transgene transcription in skeletal muscle tissue, similar to the endogenous mouse alpha-skeletal actin gene. two of the eight lines dep ... | 1991 | 1367249 |
| biochemical and functional characterization of the leucocyte tyrosine phosphatase cd45 (cd45ro, 180 kd) from human neutrophils. in vivo upregulation of cd45ro plasma membrane expression on patients undergoing haemodialysis. | the biochemical and functional characterization, and the regulation of plasma membrane expression of the leucocyte tyrosine phosphatase cd45, have been investigated in neutrophils from healthy donors and patients undergoing haemodialysis. cd45 proteins of 180 kd and 130-150 kd were precipitated from neutrophils from both healthy subjects and haemodialysed patients. prolonged storing, as well as trypsin treatment of samples containing the 180-kd cd45 protein, generated the 130-150-kd polypeptides ... | 1992 | 1370931 |
| towards a phylogeny of the genus vibrio based on 16s rrna sequences. | the inter- and intrageneric relationships of the genus vibrio were investigated by performing a comparative analysis of the 16s rrnas of 10 species, including four pathogenic representatives. the results of immunological and 5s rrna studies were confirmed in that the genus is a neighboring taxon of the family enterobacteriaceae. with regard to the intrageneric structure, vibrio alginolyticus, vibrio campbellii, vibrio natriegens, vibrio harveyi, vibrio proteolyticus, vibrio parahaemolyticus, and ... | 1992 | 1371064 |
| significant role of an exocellular protease in utilization of heme by vibrio vulnificus. | clinical and environmental isolates of vibrio vulnificus could grow in a synthetic medium supplemented with heme protein as the iron source. protease-deficient mutants of the bacterium could not utilize any of the heme proteins in the synthetic medium, but the addition of purified v. vulnificus protease restored their growth. the protease digested all heme proteins tested and elicited heme liberation from the proteins. furthermore, the induction of protease production by the heme proteins was de ... | 1992 | 1373407 |
| activation mechanism of human hageman factor-plasma kallikrein-kinin system by vibrio vulnificus metalloprotease. | vivrio vulnificus, an opportunistic human pathogen, secretes a metalloprotease (vvp). the vvp inoculated into a guinea pig is known to generate bradykinin through activation of the hageman factor-plasma kallikrein-kinin system. vvp was shown to possess the ability to activate the human system through the same mechanism as that clarified in the guinea pig system, namely, vvp converted both human zymogens (hageman factor and plasma prekallikrein) to active enzymes (activated hageman factor and pla ... | 1992 | 1380471 |
| disparate effects of calcium channel blockers on pressure dependence of renin secretion and flow in the isolated perfused rat kidney. | using the model of isolated perfused rat kidneys this study was performed to investigate whether or not voltage-operated calcium channels are essentially involved in the pressure control of renin secretion from the kidneys. at a perfusion pressure of 100 mm hg (13.3 kpa) renin secretory rates were 4.2 +/- 0.7 (ng angiotensin i h-1) min-1 g-1. stepwise reduction of renal perfusion pressure to 80, 60, and 40 mm hg (10.6, 8.0, 5.3 kpa) resulted in an increase of renin release yielding a 30-fold sti ... | 1992 | 1382264 |
| the distribution of uv damage in the laci gene of escherichia coli: correlation with mutation spectrum. | we have determined the uv (254 nm) damage distribution in the transcribed and non-transcribed strands of the i-d region of the escherichia coli laci gene. the locations of replication blocking lesions were revealed as termination sites of t7 dna polymerase and/or t4 dna polymerase 3'-5' exonuclease. termination products, i.e. both cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts, were resolved and analysed on an automated dna sequencer. these two major photoproducts are not randomly distribut ... | 1992 | 1383713 |
| suppression of the arthus reaction by y-24180, a potent and specific antagonist of platelet-activating factor. | a novel and potent antagonist of platelet-activating factor (paf), y-24180 (4-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-[2-(4-isobutylphenyl)ethyl]-6,9-dimethyl-6h- thieno[3,2-f][1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4] diazepine) was investigated for the effects on the skin reactions induced by chemical mediators and the arthus reactions. in the rat dorsal skin, y-24180 (0.1-10 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibited increase in vascular permeability by the intradermal paf injection in a dose dependent manner and the inhibitory activity was 60 tim ... | 1992 | 1388318 |
| characterization of a vibrio cholerae virulence factor homologous to the family of tonb-dependent proteins. | irga is an iron-regulated virulence factor for infection in an animal model with classical vibrio cholerae strain 0395. we detected gene sequences hybridizing to irga at high stringency in clinical isolates in addition to 0395, including another classical strain of v. cholerae, three v. cholerae strains of the el tor biotype, three non-o1 isolates of v. cholerae, and individual isolates of vibrio parahaemolyticus, vibrio fluvialis, and vibrio alginolyticus. no hybridization to irga was seen with ... | 1992 | 1406279 |
| [the incidence of abnormalities after flu epidemics]. | | 1992 | 1413915 |
| poly(adp-ribosyl)ation of chromatin in an in-vitro poly(adp-ribose)-turnover system. | this paper describes the effect of an in-vitro poly(adp-ribose) turnover system on the poly(adp-ribosyl)ation of chromatin. both poly(adp-ribose)polymerase and poly(adp-ribose)glycohydrolase were highly purified and used in 4 different turnover systems: non-turnover, slow, medium and fast turnover. these turnover systems were designed to reflect possible turnover conditions in intact cells. the major protein acceptors for poly(adp-ribose) are histones and the polymerase itself, a process referre ... | 1992 | 1420323 |
| the regulation of microsomal glucose-6-phosphatase differs between liver and kidney. | | 1992 | 1426558 |
| seasonal incidence of vibrio vulnificus in the great bay estuary of new hampshire and maine. | vibrio vulnificus, a normal bacterial inhabitant of estuaries, is of concern because it can be a potent human pathogen, causing septicemia, wound infections, and gastrointestinal disease in susceptible hosts. from may 1989 through december 1990, oysters and/or water were obtained from six areas in the great bay estuary of new hampshire and maine. water was also sampled from three freshwater sites that lead into these areas. v. vulnificus was first detected in the estuary in early july and remain ... | 1992 | 1444362 |
| virulence characteristics of clinical and environmental isolates of vibrio vulnificus. | twenty-four randomly selected clinical and environmental vibrio vulnificus isolates were tested for virulence in iron-overloaded mice (250 mg of iron dextran per kg of body weight). the log10 50% lethal doses of 17 isolates were lower by greater than or equal to 3.5 log10 units in iron-overloaded mice than in control mice. these isolates were classified as virulent. the 50% lethal doses of these virulent isolates were also lower in mice that were immunosuppressed by treatment with cyclophosphami ... | 1992 | 1444386 |
| molecular correlates of physiological regulation in a p-type h(+)-atpase. | | 1992 | 1449060 |
| circadian rhythm of covalent modifications in liver dna. | 32p-postlabeling analysis recently revealed that in addition to 5-methylcytosine, mammalian dna contains covalently modified nucleotides of unknown structures and functions termed i-compounds whose levels increase with age. i-compound levels, in addition, depend on species, strain, sex, tissue, and diet and are generally lowered by carcinogen exposure. as shown here, levels of several non-polar i-compounds in liver dna of untreated male c3h mice were elevated 2 to 8.5 times at 1800 h and 2400 h ... | 1992 | 1449504 |
| use of tetracycline for treatment of vibrio vulnificus infections. | | 1992 | 1457657 |
| low temperature induced non-culturability and killing of vibrio vulnificus. | vibrio vulnificus cells progressively lose culturability during incubation at 5 degrees c. this process is accelerated by the addition of supernatants from non-culturable cells obtained by incubation at 5 degrees c for 17 days. thus the organism apparently produces a factor upon cold incubation which is triggering or causing the decline in culturability. reversing the temperature shift can restore a culturable population comparable in numbers to the original population, but this process is large ... | 1992 | 1478457 |
| ultrastructural alterations of brain cortex in rat following intraperitoneal administration of mercuric chloride. | intraperitoneal administration of a single dose (6 mg/kg body weight) of mercuric chloride (hgcl2) results in ultrastructural changes in brain cortex of the rats. 18 hours after administration of hgcl2 the accumulation of dense deposits of mercury in nerve and glial cell cytoplasm was observed. the quantity of microglia in neuropil was also increased in this experimental group. we postulate that these cerebral macrophages can play an important role in the process of intoxication, too. 5 days aft ... | 1992 | 1479187 |
| analysis of the glucose transporter content of islet cell lines: implications for glucose-stimulated insulin release. | glucose transport across the plasma membrane of mammalian cells is mediated by a family of homologous proteins. each glucose transporter isoform has a specific tissue distribution which relates to that tissue's demand for glucose. the beta-cells of pancreatic islets are known to express a distinct glucose transporter isoform, termed glut 2, which has a high km for glucose. in this study, we examined the glucose transporter content of normal rat islets and three beta cell lines, beta-tc, hit and ... | 1992 | 1489658 |
| vibrio vulnificus infection in taiwan: report of 28 cases and review of clinical manifestations and treatment. | from may 1985 through july 1990, 28 episodes of vibrio vulnificus infection in 27 patients were encountered in five major hospitals in taiwan. the ages of patients ranged from 19 to 76 years; the ratio of male to female patients was 2:1. eighteen episodes manifested as bacteremia and eight as wound infections alone. one patient each developed gastroenteritis and pneumonia after nearly drowning. twenty-three patients exhibited skin manifestations. twenty patients had underlying diseases. all pati ... | 1992 | 1520762 |
| purification and determination of the structure of capsular polysaccharide of vibrio vulnificus m06-24. | virulence of vibrio vulnificus has been strongly associated with encapsulation and an opaque colony morphology. capsular polysaccharide was purified from a whole-cell, phosphate-buffered saline-extracted preparation of the opaque, virulent phase of v. vulnificus m06-24 (m06-24/o) by dialysis, centrifugation, enzymatic digestion, and phenol-chloroform extraction. nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis of the purified polysaccharide showed that the polymer was composed of a repeating st ... | 1992 | 1556081 |
| the vegetalizing factor. a member of the evolutionarily highly conserved activin family. | the mesoderm and endoderm inducing vegetalizing factor was partially sequenced after brcn cleavage. a sequence which is highly conserved in activin a near the c-terminal end was identified. this shows that the factor belongs to the activin family. the activins are not confined to embryos and gonads, but widely distributed in other tissues like calf kidney and calf liver. functional aspects are discussed. | 1992 | 1563511 |
| influence of phenoxymethylpenicillin on the vaginal ecosystem. | the effects of phenoxymethylpenicillin on the bacterial flora of the vagina were investigated in 6 women who fulfilled the criteria of 'normality': predominance of lactobacilli, and absence of enterobacteriaceae and fungi. fourteen healthy women were enrolled and followed longitudinally; 8 of these were subsequently excluded because of divergence from normality. following penicillin treatment, gram-negative rods appeared in 4 of the remaining 6 women, and in 1 subject heavy growth of candida alb ... | 1992 | 1563656 |
| vibrio vulnificus infection and iron overload. | | 1992 | 1580901 |
| pontine glioma extending to the ipsilateral cavernous sinus and meckel's cave: mr appearance. | the authors describe an exophytic glioma of the pons that grew into the meckel's cave and cavernous sinus in a 75-year-old man. pontine gliomas should be included in the differential diagnosis of a hyperintense, complex cystic mass seen along the distribution of cranial nerve v. | 1992 | 1595473 |
| analysis of some virulence factors of vibrio vulnificus isolated from rio de janeiro, brazil. | twenty strains of v. vulnificus isolated from the environment were investigated for characteristics related to their infectivity such as colonial morphology, enzymatic activity and animal assays. the presence of dnase, chitinase, amylase, lecithinase and gelatinase was observed in 100% of the strains, haemolytic activity was absent, and variable results were obtained in elastase, collagenase and chondroitinase. in the animal assays, 70% of the strains were lethal to adult mice, while 45% caused ... | 1992 | 1601080 |
| infection by an indole-negative variant of vibrio vulnificus transmitted by eels. | | 1992 | 1607700 |
| use of colistin-polymyxin b-cellobiose agar for isolation of vibrio vulnificus from the environment. | colistin-polymyxin b-cellobiose agar was employed for the isolation of vibrio vulnificus from shellfish. isolates were examined phenotypically and with a gene probe and monoclonal antibody specific for v. vulnificus. results indicated that colistin-polymyxin b-cellobiose agar is superior to both sodium dodecyl sulfate-polymyxin b-sucrose agar and thiosulfate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose agar in its ability to select and differentiate this species from background vibrios. | 1992 | 1610197 |
| glycosaminoglycan patterns in gingival proteoglycans of rat with age. | among the potential biochemical indices that are closely associated with craniofacial development are the proteoglycans. gingival segments from the palate of 4-, 6-, 8-, 12- and 18-week-old rats were incubated for 4 h in medium containing [3h]-glucosamine and [35s]-na2so4, and subjected to proteoglycan isolation and glycosaminoglycan analysis. two distinct proteoglycan fractions differing in the degree of sulphation were obtained by ion-exchange chromatography. the incorporation of both labels i ... | 1992 | 1610301 |
| persistence of vibrio vulnificus in tissues of gulf coast oysters, crassostrea virginica, exposed to seawater disinfected with uv light. | vibrio vulnificus is an estuarine bacterium which can cause opportunistic infections in humans consuming raw gulf coast oysters, crassostrea virginica. although v. vulnificus is known as a ubiquitous organism in the gulf of mexico, its ecological relationship with c. virginica has not been adequately defined. the objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that v. vulnificus is a persistent microbial flora of oysters and unamenable to traditional methods of controlled purification, ... | 1992 | 1622218 |
| influence of a menhaden oil diet on cercarial penetration of schistosoma mansoni. | the ability of a menhaden oil (mo) diet to influence cercarial penetration into mouse tail skin was evaluated. male cd-1 mice 4-6 wk old (15.2 g average weight) were fed a 0, 10%, or 20% mo-supplemented diet for 2 wk. after this time mice were infected with either 65 +/- 3 or 145 +/- 3 [35s]methionine/cysteine-labeled cercariae for 1 hr by tail immersion. twenty-four hours and 7 days later groups of mice were killed and their tail skin removed and autoradiographed. at 24 hr postinfection, mice f ... | 1992 | 1635035 |
| a fatal case of vibrio vulnificus septicemia. | a fatal case of vibrio vulnificus septicemia in a 60 yr old man is described. this man displayed many of the classical features seen in fulminant infections with this organism. the epidemiology of v. vulnificus infections is discussed in this report. | 1992 | 1641257 |
| regulation of the mouse mammary tumor virus (mmtv) binding site in cultured mammary tissue. | the mouse mammary tumor virus (mmtv) initiates infection when the envelope protein, gp52, binds to a cell surface protein and triggers internalization. the hormonal regulation of this protein was studied both in vitro and in vivo. in mammary gland explant culture, levels of the mmtv binding protein were maintained only when prolactin was present in the medium. the further addition of progesterone induced levels to 164% of controls, while estradiol was without effect. these results were reproduce ... | 1991 | 1665450 |
| cytolytic action of vibrio vulnificus haemolysin on mast cells from rat peritoneal cavity. | the mode of action of vibrio vulnificus haemolysin (vvh) on mast cells from the peritoneal cavity of the rat was examined. vvh induced histamine release, and damage to the mast cells, in a dose-dependent fashion. when 1 microgram of vvh was added to c. 10(5) mast cells at 37 degrees c, histamine release was observed after a lag period of 5-10 s, and was complete within 5 min. the action was temperature-dependent, and was not induced at 4 degrees c. disodium cromoglycate, a membrane stabiliser fo ... | 1990 | 1692881 |
| studies on the lipopolysaccharide of a virulent and an avirulent strain of vibrio vulnificus. | vibrio vulnificus is a marine bacterium associated with both primary septicemias and wound infections in humans. the lipopolysaccharides of a virulent and an avirulent strain of vibrio vulnificus were compared with respect to their chemical constituents and electrophoretic characteristics. 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid, a normal constituent of the lipopolysaccharide of typical enterobacteriaceae, was not found in the lipopolysaccharide of either strain. hexadecenoate (c16:1) was the predominant fat ... | 1990 | 1693085 |
| developmental cycle-specific host-free rna synthesis in chlamydia spp. | the incorporation of radiolabeled gtp into rna in host-free chlamydia trachomatis serovar l2 organisms was investigated. the incorporation was partially inhibited by rifampin and dactinomycin and hydrolyzed by rnase. rna made by host-free chlamydiae consisted mainly of species of fewer than 800 bases in size, although 16s and 23s species were noted by agarose-gel electrophoresis. the hybridization of radiolabeled host-free rna to restriction fragments of the gene encoding the major outer membran ... | 1990 | 1698176 |
| variants of mta, the mouse maternally transmitted antigen, determined by three alleles of the extrachromosomal gene mtf. | two new forms of mta, the maternally transmitted antigen of the mouse, were defined by cytotoxic t lymphocytes. one is found in laboratory mice carrying the beta allele of the maternally transmitted factor, mtf, which were previously thought to be mta-negative. the other is associated with a new allele, mtf gamma, and is found in wild mice from toulouse. like the common form of mta, determined by the extrachromosomal mtf alpha, the new forms are also dependent on the a allele of hmt, a chromosom ... | 1990 | 1698881 |
| phrenic motoneuron morphology in the neonatal rat. | the morphology of neonatal rat phrenic motoneurons was studied following retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase, which resulted in golgi-like fills of phrenic motoneuron somata and dendrites. at birth, these neurons have well-developed dendritic trees with many characteristics described for phrenic motoneurons in the adult rat. the dendrites form tightly fasciculated bundles that emerge from the phrenic nucleus primarily along four axes: ventromedial, ventrolateral, dorsolateral, and ro ... | 1991 | 1716267 |
| alpha-macroglobulin-like plasma inactivator for vibrio vulnificus metalloprotease. | the metalloprotease produced by vibrio vulnificus (vvp) is known to be quickly inactivated by plasma proteins which belong to the class of alpha-macroglobulins in vitro at a molar ratio of 1:1. but the in vivo potential of the inactivators has not been studied. macroalbumin (ma), a member of alpha-macroglobulins in guinea pig plasma, was found to inactivate vvp by means of physical entrapment in vitro. in vivo actions of vvp, permeability-enhancing and hemorrhagic actions, were greatly augmented ... | 1991 | 1723411 |
| identification of vibrio vulnificus o serovars with antilipopolysaccharide monoclonal antibody. | a serotyping scheme for vibrio vulnificus predicated on the detection of lipopolysaccharide (lps) antigens is proposed. the serovar o typing scheme used to type v. vulnificus employs polyclonal antisera raised in rabbits immunized with heat-killed whole-cell vaccines. polyclonal typing sera produced in this manner cross-react with heterologous strains. affinity purification of polyclonal antisera with lps affinity columns resolved some of these cross-reactions; however, affinity-purified polyclo ... | 1991 | 1761690 |
| formation of nonculturable vibrio vulnificus cells and its relationship to the starvation state. | entry into the viable but nonculturable state by the human bacterial pathogen vibrio vulnificus in artificial seawater microcosms was studied. in contrast to the long-term culturability exhibited by cells incubated under these starvation conditions at room temperature, cells exposed to a temperature downshift to 5 degrees c exhibited an immediate decrease in culturability. cells incubated at low temperature exhibited a morphological change from rods to cocci but demonstrated no reductive divisio ... | 1991 | 1768138 |
| use of the polymerase chain reaction in detection of culturable and nonculturable vibrio vulnificus cells. | vibrio vulnificus is a human pathogen associated with consumption of raw oysters. during the colder months the organism apparently enters a viable but nonculturable state and thus cannot be cultured by ordinary bacteriological methods. for this reason, another means of detecting this bacterium is necessary. in the present study we utilized the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect v. vulnificus dna, thus eliminating the problem of nonculturability. dna from both culturable and nonculturable ... | 1991 | 1768140 |
| analysis of high psa n-cam expression during mammalian spinal cord and peripheral nervous system development. | using a monoclonal antibody that recognizes specifically a high polysialylated form of n-cam (high psa n-cam), the temporal and spatial expression of this molecule was studied in developing spinal cord and neural crest derivatives of mouse truncal region. temporal expression was analyzed on immunoblots of spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia (drgs) extracts microdissected at different developmental stages. analysis of the ratio of high psa n-cam to total n-cam indicated that sialylation and desia ... | 1991 | 1769342 |
| vibrio vulnificus. hazard on the half shell. | vibrio vulnificus is an extremely invasive gram-negative bacillus that causes bacteremia and shock. it should be suspected in any patient who is immunocompromised or has liver disease or hemochromatosis. reduced gastric acidity may also increase the risk of infection if a patient presents with a history of ingesting raw shellfish (especially oysters) or trauma in brackish waters and skin lesions. patients most commonly present with one of three clinical syndromes: primary septicemia, wound infec ... | 1991 | 1771878 |
| a lethal leviathan--vibrio vulnificus. | | 1991 | 1771890 |
| vibrio vulnificus peritonitis. a unique case. | louisiana is justifiably famous for the seafood harvested from its coastal waters. unfortunately, undesirables accompany this harvest. the author presents a case of peritonitis due to vibrio vulnificus which followed ingestion of raw oysters. | 1991 | 1779190 |
| physiological effects of the lipopolysaccharide of vibrio vulnificus on mice and rats. | vibrio vulnificus is a pathogenic, marine, gram-negative bacterium which commonly enters and infects humans via open wounds or the ingestion of raw seafood. the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of v. vulnificus has recently been characterized, but the biological activity of this putative endotoxin is unknown. three treatment groups were used to test its activity: saline (negative control), the lps of salmonella typhimurium (a known endotoxin), and the lps of v. vulnificus. whereas, intravenous injection ... | 1991 | 1779875 |
| [biological characteristics of cultured papilla cells--localization of androgen receptors and chemotactic factor(s) for epithelial cells]. | we have reported that cultured papilla cells (pcs) grown by isolation and cultivation of human hair papillae show some biological characteristics. in the present report, some important biological characteristics of pcs are showed. 1) localization of androgen receptors on pcs localization of androgen binding protein in pcs was examined. cytochemical staining of pcs using dht-peroxidase conjugate gave positive reactions in the niclei of pcs originating from scalp and axilla-dermal papillae. these ... | 1991 | 1782180 |
| extensive cellulitis with septic shock caused by vibrio vulnificus infection--a case report with review of literature. | | 1991 | 1791352 |
| unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin pigments during perinatal development. iii. studies on serum of breast-fed and formula-fed neonates. | the process of conjugation and secretion of bilirubin was studied in a group of healthy, full-term, exclusively breast-fed newborns and a control group of exclusively formula-fed infants by means of a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of bilirubins present in serum. the serum concentrations of unconjugated bilirubin, esterified bilirubin, and the proportion of diesterified bilirubin (as percent of esterified bilirubin) were not significantly different in breast- and ... | 1991 | 1797114 |
| unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin pigments during perinatal development. iii. studies on serum of breast-fed and formula-fed neonates. | the process of conjugation and secretion of bilirubin was studied in a group of healthy, full-term, exclusively breast-fed newborns and a control group of exclusively formula-fed infants by means of a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of bilirubins present in serum. the serum concentrations of unconjugated bilirubin, esterified bilirubin, and the proportion of diesterified bilirubin (as percent of esterified bilirubin) were not significantly different in breast- and ... | 1991 | 1797114 |
| a primary demyelinating disorder of young cattle. | the clinical signs and neuropathological changes are described in six limousin x calves that, at about one month after birth, showed signs of blindness, nystagmus, rotation of the eyes, opisthotonos, hyperprotraction of the forelegs and, in one case, apparent seizures. pathologically there was necrosis of the optic chiasma and focal areas of myelin sheath vacuolation or demyelination in certain areas of the brain, especially in the cerebellar peduncles. in one animal, kept alive for 7 months, th ... | 1991 | 1800911 |
| structure of the rabbit phospholamban gene, cloning of the human cdna, and assignment of the gene to human chromosome 6. | we have isolated and characterized genomic dna clones encoding rabbit phospholamban. only a single gene for phospholamban was detected in the rabbit genome. the phospholamban gene of 13.2 kilobases contains only one 10.5-kilobase intron, which separates exonic sequences located in the 5'-untranslated region. two potential transcription initiation sites were mapped to 335 and 185 nucleotides upstream from the translation initiation site in the mrna or 239 and 89 nucleotides upstream from the exon ... | 1991 | 1828805 |
| complexity and sequence identification of 24 rat v beta genes. | twenty-four tcr v beta genes were cloned by anchored pcr from the lewis rat strain and identified by nucleotide and amino acid sequence comparisons to known mouse v beta genes. rat v beta genes exist in 17 single-member and 3 multimember subfamilies and exhibit 86 to 94 and 72 to 92% nucleotide and amino acid sequence similarities, respectively, to their mouse counterparts. a single rat gene, designated v beta 20, having no previously known mouse counterpart was identified; a closely related gen ... | 1991 | 1828824 |
| purified protein derivative of mycobacterium tuberculosis and excretory-secretory antigen(s) of toxocara canis expand in vitro human t cells with stable and opposite (type 1 t helper or type 2 t helper) profile of cytokine production. | a large series of t cell clones (tcc) specific for purified protein derivative (ppd) of mycobacterium tuberculosis (total 60) or toxocara canis excretory/secretory (tes) antigen (total 69) were established from the peripheral blood of two healthy individuals and analyzed for their profile of cytokine production in response to stimulation with either the specific antigen or the polyclonal activator phorbol myristate acetate plus anti-cd3 antibody. under both these experimental conditions, the gre ... | 1991 | 1829097 |
| the extracellular cytolysin of vibrio vulnificus: inactivation and relationship to virulence in mice. | the ca. 51-kda extracellular cytolysin of vibrio vulnificus has been proposed as a virulence factor. we inactivated the structural gene for cytolysin in fully virulent, clinical v. vulnificus strains by both transposon mutagenesis and marker exchange techniques. inactivation of the cytolysin did not affect virulence in our mouse models. the 50% lethal dose of cytolysin-negative strains was comparable to that of the cytolysin-positive parent strains after intraperitoneal inoculation with and with ... | 1991 | 1846124 |
| growth arrest induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 is accompanied by protein phosphatase activation in human keratinocytes. | protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation are involved in regulation of cell growth. we tested the hypothesis that the growth inhibitory effect of transforming growth factor beta 1 (tgf-beta 1) involves activation of protein phosphatases. exposure of human keratinocytes in culture to 400 pm tgf-beta 1 for 48 h led to 80% inhibition of dna synthesis as measured by nuclear labeling. incubation of cultured keratinocytes with 400 pm tgf-beta 1 rapidly activated (within 30 min) protein serine/thr ... | 1991 | 1847373 |
| absence of na+,k(+)-atpase regulation of endosomal acidification in k562 erythroleukemia cells. analysis via inhibition of transferrin recycling by low temperatures. | transferrin (tf) acidification has been shown to be limited to ph 6 in murine balb/c 3t3 fibroblasts, human a549 epidermoid carcinoma cells, and chinese hamster ovary cells and is followed by alkalinization during recycling. in contrast, tf acidification in the human erythroleukemic cell line k562 proceeds to below ph 5.5, and alkalinization of internal tf during recycling is not observed. to explore the regulation of endosomal ph in k562 cells, we determined whether the existence of an early en ... | 1991 | 1847374 |
| cyclic amp-elevating agents block chemoattractant activation of diradylglycerol generation by inhibiting phospholipase d activation. | agents which elevate cellular camp (prostaglandin e2, theophylline, and forskolin) or mimic camp action (dibutyryl camp) are known to inhibit human neutrophil activation (superoxide generation and secretion) by receptor-linked agonists such as formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlp). herein, we show that these agents also markedly inhibit fmlp-stimulated diradylglycerol generation (assayed by mass methods). the magnitude of inhibition correlated with the ability of a given agent or combinat ... | 1991 | 1847376 |
| development of circadian sleep-wake rhythms in preterm and full-term infants. | we have compared the roles of neurologic maturity and environmental time cues in the development of the entrained circadian sleep-wake rhythm in the preterm and term human infant. the preterm infants (n = 19) spent some time after birth in a hospital nursery with no environmental time cues, whereas the term infants (n = 22) were exposed from birth to a cyclical light and dark environment with one major caregiver. the circadian sleep-wake rhythm in the preterm infants entrained after a similar ti ... | 1991 | 1852533 |
| signal transduction mechanism of interleukin 6 in cultured rat mesangial cells. | interleukin 6 (il-6) is one of the potent autocrine growth factors for mesangial cells. we investigated the signal transduction mechanism of il-6 in cultured rat mesangial cells. il-6 induced a transient increase of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (ins 1,4,5-p3) followed by a transient and sustained increase of intracellular calcium concentration, suggesting that il-6 stimulates phosphoinositide turnover. il-6 also stimulated prostaglandin e2 (pge2) production. the il-6-concentration dependency in ... | 1991 | 1855592 |
| [microbial spectrum and microbiological diagnosis of infectious endocarditis]. | still streptococci play the most important role as causatives of infective endocarditis. as change in composition of patient groups has taken place gradually pathogens like staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococci, gram-negative rods and candida species become more and more important now. providing high-level accuracy if applied according to current rules blood culture is yet the basis for endocarditis caused by popular bacterial pathogens. if infection due to candida species is suspected additio ... | 1991 | 1855807 |
| in vitro effect of phyllanthus amarus on hepatitis b virus. | to evaluate the effects of p. amarus on hepatitis b virus (hbv) antigens and hbv-dna, initial ethanolic extract and subsequent fractions of the plants were prepared. the whole plant material was dried, powdered and extracted with alcohol and subsequently fractionated in hexane, chloroform, butanol and finally in water. all the material were tested for in vitro effects on hbsag, hbeag and hbv-dna in serum samples positive for hbv antigens followed by the screening of respective antigens by elisa. ... | 1991 | 1855821 |
| resuscitation of vibrio vulnificus from the viable but nonculturable state. | stationary-phase-grown cells of the estuarine bacterium vibrio vulnificus became nonculturable in nutrient-limited artificial seawater microcosms after 27 days at 5 degrees c. when the nonculturable cells were subjected to temperature upshift by being placed at room temperature, the original bacterial numbers were detectable by plate counts after 3 days, with a corresponding increase in the direct viable counts from 3% to over 80% of the total cell count. no increase in the total cell count was ... | 1991 | 1860818 |
| vibrio vulnificus sepsis presenting as leg pain and lower extremity rash. | | 1991 | 1863312 |
| hemochromatosis, iron and septicemia caused by vibrio vulnificus. | vibrio vulnificus is killed by normal human blood but grows rapidly in blood from patients with hemochromatosis. it also grows in normal blood if the saturation of the transferrin is increased or if hematin, which contains iron, is added. it is suggested that the increased availability of iron in the blood of patients with chronic iron overload is responsible for their enhanced susceptibility to infection with v vulnificus. | 1991 | 1872665 |
| functional expression of furin demonstrating its intracellular localization and endoprotease activity for processing of proalbumin and complement pro-c3. | we have cloned a rat cdna encoding furin which is structurally related to yeast kex2 protease. products of 88 and 94 kda were obtained by in vitro transcription/translation of the cdna in the absence and presence of microsomes. when the cdna was transfected into cos-1 cells, furin was expressed as a major glycosylated form of 94 kda, accompanied by a minor proteolytic form of 86 kda, and found to be localized in the golgi complex. proalbumin and complement pro-c3 are intracellularly processed in ... | 1991 | 1885622 |
| calcium regulation of the human pmn cytosolic 15-lipoxygenase. | addition of tracer (pg) amounts of [3h]arachidonic acid to the 120,000 x g cytosolic fraction of human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmns) produced [3h]-15-hete, the product of the 15-lipoxygenase, as the major metabolite. in the presence of nanomolar and low micromolar amounts of calcium, [3h]-15-hete formation was increased as much as 15-fold which corresponded to 17% conversion of added substrate. this enhancement of the cytosolic 15-lipoxygenase activity, which was reversible by egta, was in ... | 1991 | 1892881 |
| [vibrio vulnificus]. | a patient sustained a knife wound while cleaning eels and subsequently severe wound infection developed. vibrio vulnificus was isolated from the wound and, on the basis of this, the main features of the epidemiology of the bacteria and the typical clinical pictures are reviewed. | 1991 | 1897050 |
| purification and properties of a neurotensin-degrading endopeptidase from pig brain. | neurotensin (nt) endopeptidase (ec 3.4.24.16) has been purified about 800-fold from pig brain by four sequential chromatographic steps depending on ion-exchange and hydrophobic interactions. two types of preparation were studied: one from a triton x-100-solubilized membrane fraction, and the other from the soluble fraction containing 90% or more of the total activity in the homogenate. nt endopeptidase activity was monitored by high-precision liquid chromatography of the two peptide products, ch ... | 1991 | 1905921 |
| control of enterococcus faecalis sex pheromone cad1 elaboration: effects of culture aeration and pad1 plasmid-encoded determinants. | aeration of plasmid-free enterococcus faecalis strains resulted in an 8- to 16-fold decrease in sex pheromone cad1 activity in culture filtrates. levels of two unrelated pheromones, cpd1 and cam373, were unaffected by culture aeration. aeration also resulted in a decrease in the expression of conjugative transfer functions observed in cells containing pad1 trab mutations, verifying a link between trab function and pheromone "shutdown." tests with a series of pad1 mini-plasmids indicated that the ... | 1991 | 1924555 |
| drug use during breast-feeding. | the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic factors involved in transfer of drugs into breast milk are reviewed. passage of drugs into milk can best be viewed as a two-compartment system. various ratios of the drug concentration values in the two compartments and ratios of maternal-to-infant intake have been described. knowledge of the limitations of these methods is necessary to properly interpret and apply the literature on drug excretion into breast milk. factors involved in choosing a drug for a ... | 1991 | 1934918 |
| growth of vibrio vulnificus in serum from alcoholics: association with high transferrin iron saturation. | | 1991 | 1940460 |
| structure-activity relationship of yohimbine and its related analogs in blocking alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptors: a comparative study of cardiovascular activities. | we investigated the selectivities and structure requirements for alpha-1 and alpha-2 adrenoceptor blocking activities of yohimbine (yo) and its 12 related analogs, such as beta-yohimbine (beta-yo), dihydrocorynantheine (dhc) and (-)indoloquinolizidine ((-)iq). the affinity of yo analogs to alpha-adrenoceptor was assessed by measuring their blockade of pressor responses to epinephrine in pithed rats. among yo structure groups, the potency order was yo greater than dhc = beta-yo greater than geiss ... | 1990 | 1976443 |
| a case of vibrio vulnificus septicaemia acquired in victoria. | the clinical features and laboratory findings of a case of vibrio vulnificus septicaemia are reported. the illness occurred in a previously well 68-year-old man who was accidentally spiked in the buttock by the dorsal spine of a flathead caught in tamboon inlet, near mallacoota, victoria. the clinical picture of an acute septicaemic illness with shock, associated with metastatic cellulitic lesions on the lower limbs progressing to bulla formation, skin necrosis, necrotising fasciitis and myositi ... | 1991 | 1988798 |
| pulmonary infiltrates associated with vibrio vulnificus septicemia. | in the case described, fatal vibrio vulnificus primary septicemia was complicated by development of diffuse pulmonary infiltrates. clinical features of this recently discovered infectious disease are discussed. various aspects of diagnoses of pulmonary infiltrates in patients with v vulnificus septicemia are also presented. vibriosis should be suspected in patients with chronic, underlying, predisposing diseases, recent ingestion of raw seafood, and characteristic skin lesions. | 1991 | 1997461 |
| purification and characterization of a secreted protease from the pathogenic marine bacterium vibrio anguillarum. | vibrio anguillarum is a pathogenic marine bacterium which causes the disease vibriosis in salmonid fish, which is characterized by a fatal hemorrhagic septicemia accompanied by massive tissue destruction. in this paper, the purification of the major caseinolytic extracellular protease from v. anguillarum is presented. the purification steps include ammonium sulfate precipitation, deae-sepharose chromatography, sephacryl s-200 chromatography, and deae high-pressure liquid chromatography. the puri ... | 1991 | 2012804 |
| ozone depuration of vibrio vulnificus from the southern quahog clam, mercenaria campechiensis. | southern quahog clams, mercenaria campechiensis, were dosed with vibrio vulnificus and placed in a pilot-scale depuration system using ozonated recirculated artificial seawater. twenty-four hours of treatment with ozone-treated recirculating artificial seawater reduced the numbers of v. vulnificus in the shellfish meats by an average of 2 log units when compared to natural die-off in control clams. the oxidant levels (up to 3 mg/liter) did not adversely affect shellfish pumping during the depura ... | 1991 | 2022868 |
| polymerase chain reaction identification of vibrio vulnificus in artificially contaminated oysters. | dnas extracted from vibrio vulnificus seeded into oyster homogenates were evaluated as templates for the polymerase chain reaction. several extraction procedures were examined, and it was determined that dna recovered from cells lysed by guanidine isothiocyanate, extracted with chloroform, and precipitated with ethanol was most suitable for use as a polymerase chain reaction template. the region targeted was a 519-bp portion of the cytotoxin-hemolysin gene of v. vulnificus. this region was ampli ... | 1991 | 2039231 |
| the economics of spaying and neutering: market forces and owners' values affecting pet population control. | | 1991 | 2045338 |
| enzyme immunoassay for identification of vibrio vulnificus in seawater, sediment, and oysters. | historically, methods used to identify vibrio vulnificus in environmental samples have been inadequate because isolation and identification procedures are time-consuming and fail to separate v. vulnificus from other bacterial species. we describe an enzyme immunoassay (eia) and culture techniques which identified v. vulnificus in seawater, sediment, and oysters. the eia used monoclonal antibody frbt37 to a species-specific epitope of v. vulnificus. no cross-reactions were observed among 72 non-v ... | 1991 | 2059045 |
| vibrio vulnificus septicemia in korea: clinical and epidemiologic findings in seventy patients. | we studied the clinical characteristics and the epidemiology of primary septicemia associated with vibrio vulnificus in 70 patients. all patients came from the western and southern coastal areas of korea. most cases (96%) occurred during the summer months, in men (96%), and in persons 40 or more years of age (90%). the illness of 46 patients (66%) began with septicemia, often within 2 days of the consumption of raw seafood. forty-seven patients (67%) had preexisting hepatic disease, and 49 (70%) ... | 1991 | 2061435 |
| electrophoretic analysis of lipopolysaccharide isolated from opaque and translucent colony variants of vibrio vulnificus using various extraction methods. | lipopolysaccharides (lps) from an opaque and a translucent colony variant of vibrio vulnificus were isolated by several methods and the electrophoretic profiles were analysed. the phenol-water extraction method provided a better yield compared to the phenol-chloroform-petroleum ether method. in addition, two rapid micro-assays were used to isolate lps for electrophoretic analysis. the electrophoretic pattern was the same for all lps extracts and was similar in both variants. no high molecular we ... | 1991 | 2062249 |
| oysters, iron overload and vibrio vulnificus septicaemia. | a case of vibrio vulnificus septicaemia complicated by cutaneous leg ulceration is described. a 74 year old man with haemochromatosis and sideroblastic anaemia developed an acute febrile illness with cutaneous manifestations 24 hours after ingesting raw oysters. the presence of blistering should be considered an important clue to the diagnosis of vibrio vulnificus septicaemia, and this can facilitate prompt effective antimicrobial therapy. clinicians should be aware of this infection because of ... | 1990 | 2073206 |
| enhancement of virulence of two environmental strains of vibrio vulnificus after passage through mice. | the virulence of two environmental strains of vibrio vulnificus to iron-loaded adult mice was enhanced by passage through mice. estimates of 50% lethal dose values (ld50) determined by end point titration were reduced 100- and 1000-fold for the two strains. passage through mice also selected for the opaque colony type phase variation of v. vulnificus, reported by others to be more virulent to mice than a translucent colony type. | 1990 | 2076589 |
| permeability-enhancing action of vibrio vulnificus protease and its control system. | | 1990 | 2101153 |
| phenotypic evaluation of acapsular transposon mutants of vibrio vulnificus. | translucent, avirulent spontaneous phase variants of vibrio vulnificus mo6-24 reverted back to the original opaque, encapsulated phenotype under both in vivo and in vitro conditions. two translucent, acapsular mutants, which did not show phase variation, were constructed by using the transposon tn5 is50l::phoa (tnphoa). loss of capsule was accompanied by decreases in virulence, hydrophilicity, and serum resistance. the ability to utilize transferrin-bound iron for growth was lost in only one of ... | 1990 | 2160432 |
| kinetics of the reaction of prostaglandin h synthase compound ii with ascorbic acid. | the reduction of prostaglandin h synthase compound ii by ascorbic acid in the presence of diethyldithiocarbamate was studied in 0.1 m phosphate buffer (ph 8.0) at 4.0 +/- 0.5 degrees c, by rapid scan spectrometry and transient state kinetics. a saturation effect and nonzero intercept were observed in the plot of pseudo-first-order rate constant versus ascorbic acid concentration. the saturation behavior suggests formation of a complex between prostaglandin h synthase compound ii and ascorbic aci ... | 1990 | 2168160 |
| characterization of two low em forms of cytochrome a3 and their carbon monoxide complexes in mammalian cytochrome c oxidase. | evidence is presented for the existence of two forms of low-potential cytochrome a3. one appears to be similar to the low-spin form reported by nicholls, p., and v. hildebrandt (1978 biochem. j. 173:65-72) and wrigglesworth, j. m., j. elsden, a. chapman, n. van der water, and m. f. grahn (1988. biochim. biophys. acta. 936:452-464). it has a reduced soret peak near 428 nm and a prominent alpha peak near 602 nm. this form is seen when the enzyme is either supplemented with lipoprotein or incorpora ... | 1990 | 2168220 |
| role of oxygen free radical formation in the mechanism of menogaril resistance in multidrug resistant tumor cells. | the mechanisms of action and resistance to menogaril, a clinically active anthracycline antitumor drug, were evaluated in sensitive and doxorubicin-selected multidrug resistant human breast tumor (mcf-7) cell lines. while mcf-7/adrr cells were highly resistant (250-500-fold) to doxorubicin, they displayed only marginal resistance (10-fold) to menogaril. in contrast to doxorubicin, the mechanism of resistance to menogaril in these cells does not involve differential inhibition of dna synthesis as ... | 1990 | 2168296 |
| mechanisms underlying the stimulation of pth release by gppnhp in permeabilized bovine parathyroid cells. | we examined changes in camp and inositol phosphate metabolism to assess the contribution of the guanine nucleotide regulatory (g) protein(s) regulating adenylate cyclase and phospholipase c in mediating the stimulatory effects of gppnhp on pth release from permeabilized bovine parathyroid cells. to examine the role of gs, the g protein stimulating adenylate cyclase, and camp on pth release, permeabilized cells were incubated with either gppnhp or isoproterenol, and the effects of these agents on ... | 1990 | 2168660 |
| proton-nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation times in brain edema. | proton relaxation times of protein solutions, bovine brain, and edematous feline brain tissue were studied as a function of water concentration, protein concentration, and temperature. in accordance with the fast proton exchange model for relaxation, a linear relation could be established between r1 and the inverse of the weight fraction of tissue water. this relation also applied to r2 of gray matter and of protein solutions. no straightforward relation with water content was found for r2 of wh ... | 1990 | 2168666 |
| [a case of fatal sepsis due to vibrio vulnificus]. | a 66-year-old male with chronic alcoholic liver injury was admitted on july 27, 1986 to our hospital with complaints of high fever, convulsion and skin erythema. he had consumed raw fish 3 days before, and had a scratch wound over the right arm and left leg because he had slipped in a small stream in the woods the day before admission. he was already in shock state with sepsis of v. vulnificus and dic on admission. although the treatment with abpc, cp, caz, mino for sepsis, and heparin & antithr ... | 1990 | 2187037 |