| [the present situation of antibacterial resistance (author's transl)]. | the various types of bacterial resistance (natural species resistance, chromosomal and plasmidic resistance) and their mechanisms are described. thereafter, a survey on the resistance is given using investigations from different sources. the distribution of resistant strains dependent on the geographical location and the situation of the patients (ambulatory--hospitalized) is described, and the development of resistant strains in dependance of time is analyzed. finally, the phenomena of resistan ... | 1978 | 100410 |
| in vivo and in vitro stimulation of nonspecific immunity by the beta-d-p-aminophenyl glycoside of n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanyl-d-isoglutamine and an oligomer prepared by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde. | several biological activities of n-acetylmuramyl-l-alanyl-d-isoglutamine (mdp for muramyl dipeptide), a synthetic immunoadjuvant, are inhibited after glycosidation with p-aminophenol. thus, this glycoside does not induce an increase humoral antibody response in mice when injected in saline, although it retains its stimulatory effect on circulating antibodies and delayed hypersensitivity after administration in a water-in-oil emulsion. the capacity of mdp to stimulate mouse spleen cells is lost, ... | 1978 | 100563 |
| beta-lactam antibiotics. ii. structure-activity relationships of 6-[alpha-(alpha'-ureido-acylamino) acylamino] penicillanic acids. | the influence on the structure-activity relationships (s.a.r.) of the stereochemistry and various alkyl, aryl, aralkyl and heterocyclic substituents at the two chiral centres in the dipeptide side-chain of a new series of penicillins was examined. in many cases the effects of these changes had a pronounced influence on the degree of activity against gram-positive and especially gram-negative bacteria. several compounds indicated that the size, shape and spatial disposition of a substituent were ... | 1978 | 101499 |
| rifampicin plus nalidixic acid: a rational combination for the treatment of urinary infection. | | 1978 | 101503 |
| clinical studies on pipemidic acid. | | 1978 | 101691 |
| [the importance of adhesive dry mats for the reduction of germ spreading in hospitals (author's transl)]. | footwear of hospital staff present a distinct problem for transmission of different germs. according to literature references footmats of synthetic fibres or spun rayons, which are soaked with disinfectants generally do not lead to the required reduction of germs. they should not be used for the prevention of germ dissemination.--antimicrobial adhesive mats are able to reduce the number of infectional bacteria from the soles of clean staff shoes to almost 50 percent of the former amount. in addi ... | 1978 | 102095 |
| comparison of the in vitro activity of bay k 4999 and piperacillin, two new antipseudomonal broad-spectrum penicillins, with other beta-lactam drugs. | bay k 4999 and piperacillin, two new substituted ampicillins, were compared with other beta-lactam antibiotics, including carbenicillin, azlocillin, mezlocillin, benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, and cefoxitin, against a wide range of gram-positive and -negative organisms. bay k 4999 and piperacillin were extremely active against pseudomonas aeruginosa (50% inhibited by 2 mug/ml), being about 16-fold more active than carbenicillin. bay k 4999 was the most active drug against escherichia coli (50% in ... | 1978 | 102245 |
| quantitative assessment of bactericidal activities of beta-lactam antibiotics by agar plate method. | quantitative bactericidal activities of beta-lactam antibiotics were determined by the agar plate method. broth cultures, of which the colony-forming units were counted before the study, were inoculated on antibiotic-containing agar plates, utilizing a 10(-3), 10(-2), or 10(-1) dilution or undiluted culture plated with each 0.001-ml calibrated loop. these plates were incubated at 37 degrees c overnight, and the minimal drug concentration at which no bacterial growth was observed on the plates wa ... | 1978 | 102246 |
| in vitro activity of hr 756, a new cephalosporin compound. | the in vitro activity of hr 756, a new cephalosporin, has been determined against recent clinical isolates and compared with that of other beta-lactam antibiotics. the geometric means of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) for different isolates of escherichia coli (100 isolates), klebsiella pneumoniae (84), pseudomonas aeruginosa (121), proteus mirabilis (52), indole-positive proteus species (9), salmonella species (19), staphylococcus aureus penicillin-sensitive (29) and penicillin-res ... | 1978 | 102631 |
| [experiences with the uripret-system in pediatric practice (author's transl)]. | the present study reports on the application of the uripret-system for identification and susceptibility testing of microbial agents causing urinary tract infections carried out in a pediatric outpatient clinic. the findings were compared with those determined with the conventional methods in an institute of medical microbiology. for the detected mono- and mixed-cultures, in 85% of the cases a concurrent result of both methods was found. only in one case a different microbial agent genus was det ... | 1979 | 102911 |
| susceptibility of the anaerobic bacteria, group d streptococci, enterobacteriaceae, and pseudomonas to semisynthetic penicillins: carbenicillin, piperacillin, and ticarcillin. | sodium piperacillin t-1220, a new semisynthetic penicillin, was tested in vitro against 297 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria and 669 aerobic bacteria by the conventional agar dilution method and compared with carbenicillin and ticarcillin. at a 100-mug/ml concentration the three drugs showed comparable effectiveness against the anaerobes tested. however, at 20 mug/ml, piperacillin was the most effective drug against bacteroides fragilis, peptostreptococci, and group d streptococci. at thi ... | 1978 | 103491 |
| effect of two cancer chemotherapeutic agents on the antibacterial activity of three antimicrobial agents. | cancer chemotherapeutic agents and antibacterial antibiotics are often given concomitantly. daunorubicin, cytosine arabinoside, and three antibiotics (gentamicin, amikacin, and ticarcillin) were tested individually and in combinations to determine their antimicrobial activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella pneumoniae, and escherichia coli. these cytotoxic agents are commonly employed in the therapy of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia for remission induction therapy, and these antimicrob ... | 1978 | 103494 |
| [susceptibility testing with the autobac system (author's transl)]. | the autobac i provides an automated method for the rapid measurement of antimicrobial susceptibility of fast growing pathogenic microorganisms. to check instrument accuracy, 477 cultures were tested by the bauer-kirby method for comparison. according to the din limits, the results were comparable in 81.8%, whereas within the nccls limits the agreement was 86.5%. the discrepancy was found to be due to incorrect disc mass and different limits of inhibitory zone diameters. another reason for disagr ... | 1978 | 103806 |
| nonhuman primate model for the study of respiratory klebsiella pneumoniae infection. | squirrel monkeys were inoculated by the intratracheal inoculation of 700 klebsiella pneumoniae organisms and developed lobar pneumonia in about 24 h. characteristic clinical findings were fever, anorexia, and coughing. laboratory findings included leukocytosis or leukopenia (with the latter more prominent in ultimately fatal infections), bacteremia, and shedding of bacteria into the pharynx. infected monkeys showed increased plasma lysozyme activity as well as increased plasma ceruloplasmin, hap ... | 1978 | 103826 |
| [efficacy, tolerance, and pharmacokinetics of sisomicin in urinary tract infections (author's transl)]. | since 1973 30 patients with urinary tract infections (uti) or pyelonephritis have been treated with sisomicin, a new aminoglycoside, in a daily dose of 2 mg/kg for a period of seven to nine days. from a clinical point of view the result of treatment was good. complete resolution was achieved in 17 patients, improvement in nine, and there was no effect in four patients. thirty-five causative organisms (escherichia coli = 23, proteus sp. = 7, klebsiella sp. = 3, pseudomonas aeruginosa = 1, citroba ... | 1978 | 103844 |
| synergy between aminoglycosides and semi-synthetic penicillins against gentamicin-resistant gram-negative rods. | | 1979 | 104951 |
| homology of the gene coding for outer membrane lipoprotein within various gram-negative bacteria. | the mrna for a major outer membrane lipoprotein from escherichia coli was found to hybridize specifically with one of the ecori and one of the hindiii restriction endonuclease-generated fragments of total dna from nine bacteria in the family enterobacteriaceae: e. coli, shigella dysenteriae, salmonella typhimurium, citrobacter freundii, klebsiella aerogenes, enterobacter aerogenes, edwardsiella tarda, serratia marcescens, and erwinia amylovora. however, among the enterobacteriaceae, dna from two ... | 1979 | 104972 |
| [cefaclor and its pathogen reducing effect in experimental acute pyelonephritis]. | | 1979 | 105286 |
| [changes in the spectrum of disease-causing bacteria]. | | 1978 | 105494 |
| therapeutic experience with netilmicin. | netilmicin, a new aminoglycoside antibiotic, was used to treat 19 patients with urinary tract infection and 5 with systemic infection. the causal organisms were escherichia coli (in 2), klebsiella pneumoniae (in 4), serratia marcescens (in 12) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (in 7); 1 patient was infected with two of these organisms. all the isolates of causal organisms except one of serratia were initially sensitive to netilmicin but many were resistant to other aminoglycosides. sixteen of the urina ... | 1978 | 105797 |
| defective cellular immunity to gram-negative bacteria in cystic fibrosis patients. | in vitro lymphocyte responses to pseudomonas aeruginosa have been found to be impaired in cystic fibrosis patients with advanced clinical disease. the responses to klebsiella pneumoniae, serratia marcescens, and proteus mirabilis were studied in a similar group of cystic fibrosis patients and normal individuals. cystic fibrosis patients found to be unresponsive to pseudomonas were also unresponsive to klebsiella, serratia, and proteus. responsiveness to staphylococcus aureus was not impaired in ... | 1979 | 106011 |
| purification and characterization of the respiratory nitrate reductase of bacillus licheniformis. | 1. respiratory nitrate reductase of bacillus licheniformis was extracted from the bacterial membranes by treatment with deoxycholate and purified to a homogeneous state by means of gel chromatography and anion-exchange chromatography. 2. the enzyme (mr = 193,000, s20, w = 8.6) consists of two subunits, having apparent molecular weight of 150,000 (alpha subunit) and 57,000 (beta subunit), which are present in an equimolar ratio. it does not contain carbohydrate. ageing of the enzyme appears to re ... | 1979 | 106896 |
| frequency and fate of human renal allografts contaminated prior to transplantation. | bacterial cultures were done from donor ureter and/or graft perfusion fluid on 92 of 112 patients who had renal transplantations during 1977. three samples of perfusion fluid and 14 samples of donor ureter contained bacteria. in nine cases there was a gram-positive organism, and in 10 cases a gram-negative rod was (among) the contaminant(s). there was no difference in the rate of graft survival, patient survival, or in the frequency of major postoperative complications between the two groups. on ... | 1979 | 107605 |
| comparative antibacterial activity of azlocillin, mezlocillin, carbenicillin and ticarcillin and relative stability to beta-lactamases of pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella aerogenes. | the antibacterial activities of two ureidopenicillins, azlocillin and mezlocillin, were compared with those of the alpha-carboxypenicillins, carbenicillin and ticarcillin, against a large number of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. all four penicillins were active against a wide range of bacteria including pseudomonas aeruginosa, but there were differences in the antibacterial spectra and in the antibacterial effects demonstrated by the two classes of penicillins. in particular, the mini ... | 1979 | 108220 |
| minimal antibiotic concentrations of aminoglycosides and beta-lactam antibiotics for some gram-negative bacilli and gram-positive cocci. | the minimal antibiotic concentration (mac) is the lowest concentration of an antibacterial agent that produces a decrease of 1 log in the number of organisms/ml as compared with a control culture in drug-free medium. various gram-negative bacilli and gram-positive cocci were grown in the presence of amikacin, gentamicin, tobramycin, ampicillin, amoxicillin, oxacillin, carbenicillin, ticarcillin, and cefamandole at concentrations varying from eight times the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) ... | 1979 | 108345 |
| [new data on the tachyphylactic properties of sodium nucleinate]. | sodium nucleinate, when injected into mice in combination with killed e. coli or prodigiozan, caused a decrease in side effects produced by the vaccine or polysaccharide. the combined injection of sodium nucleinate and prodigiozan in doses, ineffective if introduced separately, was accompanied by the potentiation of their tachyphylactic action. the use of sodium nucleinate in combination with polyvinylprrolidone (hemodez) prolonged the tachyphylactic action of sodium nucleinate and increased its ... | 1979 | 108882 |
| epidemic occurrence of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis. | in case-control studies of three epidemics of neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (nec) in three different high-risk nurseries in three states, no particular risk factor was associated with affected infants or their mothers. epidemic cases had higher birth weights and apgar scores and fewer perinatal difficulties than those previously reported for sporadic cases. seven infants fed primarily breast milk were not protected against disease. early antibiotic therapy was associated with a significantl ... | 1979 | 108997 |
| effect of listeria monocytogenes lipids on the course of infections with some gram-negative bacilli in mice. | the effect of listeria monocytogenes lipids on the course of infections with salmonella enteritidis, yersinia pseudotuberculosis, pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella pneumoniae was studied in mice. the lipids were extracted with chloroform and methanol and used in various doses before and after infection with the bacilli. the lipids significantly increased mouse resistance toward the examined bacteria. the protective effect depended, to a large extent on the applied dose of lipids and its timi ... | 1979 | 109064 |
| pseudomonas aeruginosa vasculitis and bacteremia following conjunctivitis: a simple model of fatal pseudomonas infection in neutropenia. | during attempts to create a realistic model of fatal bacteremia due to pseudomonas aeruginosa during immunosuppression, it was found that the invasive as well as the disseminated phase of infection could be mimicked by gentle instillation of 10(8) colony-forming units of p. aeruginosa into the intact conjunctival sac of agranulocytic rabbits. within 48 hr animals developed conjunctivits leading to severe necrotizing vasculitis and fatal bacteremia. twelve of 26 strains from patients with p. aeru ... | 1979 | 109545 |
| pseudomonas resistance to gentamicin. | 66 burned patients admitted to the burn unit from jan. to sept., 1977, were studied. topical therapy employed was mafenide or silver sulfadiazine. the most common pathogens isolated in 288 burn wound cultures were pseudomonas aeruginosa (42%), klebsiella-enterobacter (16%), and staph, aureus (13%). pseudomonas was sensitive to gentamicin in only 36.2% of instances. in 1976, 42% of pseudomonas isolates was sensitive. during the period 1969-1973, 85.7% of the pseudomonas was sensitive to gentamici ... | 1979 | 109913 |
| iron requirement and chelator production of staphylococci, streptococcus faecalis and enterobacteriaceae. | the effect of iron deprivation on growth of 101 aerobic strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was studied on agar media in the presence of various concentrations of the synthetic iron chelator ethylene diamine diorthohydroxyphenyl acetic acid (edda) and the iron binding protein transferrin. growth of staphylococcus epidermidis was inhibited by 15 mm edda and 1.5 mm transferrin. staphylococcus aureus was only inhibited by 44 mm edda and not by transferrin. none of the strains of s. ... | 1978 | 110252 |
| [antibacterial in-vitro activity of pipemidic acid and nalidixic acid (author's transl)]. | the in-vitro activity of nalidixic acid and pipemidic acid was investigated in a combined study in 450 freshly isolated bacterial strains using the agar dilution test. gram-positive cocci were resistant to both substances except for a few pipemidic acid sensitive staphylococci. both substances had good antibacterial activity in the gram-negative spectrum. however, the mic values of pipemidic acid were generally clearly lower than those of nalidixic acid. only pipemidic acid showed activity again ... | 1979 | 110574 |
| lactose metabolism involving phospho-beta-galactosidase in klebsiella. | klebsiella strain re1755a is a lac- gal- mutant which has lost both of its lac operons, but possesses a gene specifying beta-galactosidase iii, an enzyme which hydrolyzes o-nitrophenyl-beta-d-galactopyranoside but does not hydrolyze lactose. selective pressure was applied to isolate mutants able to utilize lactose. the lactose-utilizing mutants obtained were shown to possess an unaltered beta-galactosidase iii. lactose utilization was shown to result from a pleiotropic mutation which also (i) pe ... | 1979 | 110764 |
| increased synthesis of ribonucleotide reductase after deoxyribonucleic acid inhibition in various species of bacteria. | the specific activity of ribonucleotide reductase was found to increase significantly after deoxyribonucleic acid inhibition in seven species of bacteria investigated. this group of bacteria includes species with b12-dependent ribonucleotide reductase as well as some with an escherichia coli-type ribonucleotide reductase. | 1979 | 110794 |
| a comparison of bacterial flora isolated by transtracheal aspiration and pharyngeal swabs in macaca fascicularis. | the pulmonary flora of 30 monkeys (macaca fascicularis) was sampled by the transtracheal aspiration technique and the pharyngeal swab method, and the results were compared. the transtracheal aspiration technique yielded lower numbers of bacteria in both aerobic and anaerobic cultures. the bacteria isolated by transtracheal aspiration were predominately pure culture, thereby lowering the possibility of contamination from commensal flora. bordetella bronchiseptica was isolated from 23.3% of the mo ... | 1979 | 110978 |
| comparative in vitro activity of azlocillin, ampicillin, mezlocillin, piperacillin, and ticarcillin, alone and in combination with an aminoglycoside. | the in vitro activities of the newer semisynthetic penicillins azlocillin, mezlocillin, and piperacillin were compared with those of ampicillin and ticarcillin by using 290 clinical laboratory isolates. piperacillin and mezlocillin were the most active against escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, klebsiella spp., and enterobacter spp. when pseudomonas aeruginosa was tested, piperacillin and azlocillin were more active than either mezlocillin or ticarcillin. streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophil ... | 1979 | 111616 |
| a lipopolysaccharide-binding cell-surface protein from salmonella minnesota. isolation, partial characterization and occurrence in different enterobacteriaceae. | 1. protein extracts obtained from salmonella minnesota re mutant cells by treatment with edta/nac1 solution contain a protein which exhibits high affinity to bacterial lipopolysaccharides. the isolation and partial characterization of this lipopolysaccharide-binding protein is described. 2. the protein was purified from edta extracts by a two-step procedure consisting of ion-exchange chromatography on cm-sephadex and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at ph 9.5. the yield of the tota ... | 1979 | 111933 |
| very low frequency and small intensity electromagnetic and magnetic fields as an oecological factor. | the effect on microorganisms of electromagnetic and magnetic fields (emf, mf), the frequency and intensity of which were similar to natural ones, was studied. they were found to influence the physiology of bacteria. changes in the rate of proliferation of microbes, in their susceptibility to antibiotic the frequency of formation of recombinants and partial diploids during conjugation of colibacterium were observed during cultivation in these fields. | 1978 | 112178 |
| [clinical evaluation of cefazedon on patients with urinary tract infections (author's transl)]. | the efficacy and tolerance of cefazedon, a new antibiotic, was investigated clinically on 90 patients with urinary tract infections who also required surgical treatment. good clinical results were achieved in over 90% of patients after 6 to 7 days of treatment. the bacteriological examination revealed complete elimination of the initially identified pathogens in 89 cases. no difference in treatment results could be established when applying the dose 2 or 3 times daily. on the third day of treatm ... | 1979 | 112365 |
| gram-negative germs infections in infancy. | the incidence of systemic or local infections due to gram-negative bacilli in an infant ward from september 1969 to december 1976 was 7.9%. the 29.34% were septicemia, most of them as epidemic outbreaks caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa, klebsiella-enterobacter and serratia marcescens. two facts are to be emphasized: an almost complete disappearance of systemic infections with pseudomonas starting from 1972, and the global predominance of the group klebsiella-enterobacter, particularly evident fr ... | 1979 | 112565 |
| in vitro comparison of rosamicin and erythromycin against urinary tract pathogens. | the in vitro activity of rosamicin and erythromycin was compared at various ph values against 311 strains of bacteria representing common urinary tract pathogens. alkalinization of the media consistently and significantly increased the antibacterial activity of rosamicin against all of the organisms tested. this was also true for erythromycin except when tested against strains of proteus. at ph 8, rosamicin was two- to sixfold more active than erythromycin against enterobacteriaceae. the activit ... | 1979 | 112920 |
| in vitro efficacy of bay k 4999, a new ureido-penicillin, in combination with aminoglycosides against pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and proteus strains. | the in vitro effects of bay k 4999 in combination with gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin sisomicin and netilmicin in bacteriostatic (mic) and bactericidal (mbc) concentrations were compared using the checkerboard dilution technique against 20 different strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and indole-positive-negative proteus species. on average 63% of bay k 4999-aminoglycoside (ag) combinations inhibited pseudomonas, proteus and klebsiella strains additively ... | 1979 | 113178 |
| a comparison of the in vitro activity of tobramycin and gentamicin against 6,042 clinical isolates. | 6,042 strains of staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis, proteus mirabilis, escherichia coli, klebsiella sp. and pseudomonas sp. were tested against tobramycin and gentamicin. among all species studies, except pseudomonas sp, gentamicin turned out to be slightly superior to tobramycin. | 1979 | 113179 |
| metabolic activity of human polymorphonuclear leucocytes: relation to ingestion rate. | the ingestion rate and oxygen-dependent metabolic activities of normal human polymorphonuclear leucocytes were measured with heat-killed klebsiella as the particle. since the experimental conditions were similar for each measurement, it was possible to make direct correlations between each oxygen-dependent reaction and (1) ingestion rate and (2) the other oxygen-dependent reactions. in the controls, oxygen-uptake was more reliably correlated (r = 0.960) with ingestion rates than with (in order o ... | 1979 | 113222 |
| alterations in peptidoglycan chemical composition associated with rod-to-sphere transition in a conditional mutant of klebsiella pneumoniae. | klebsiella pneumoniae mir m7 is a spontaneous parentless morphology mutant which grows as cocci at ph 7 and as rods at ph 5.8. this strain has been characterized as defective in lateral wall formation (at ph7). data suggest that the cell wall is mainly made up of poles of the rods (g. satta, r. fontana, p. canepari, and g. botta, j. bacteriol. 137:727--734, 1979). in this work the isolation and the biochemical properties of the peptidoglycan of both mir m7 rods and cocci and a nonconditional rod ... | 1979 | 113382 |
| the relationship of inoculum size to lung bacterial clearance and phagocytic cell response in mice. | | 1979 | 114074 |
| [comparison of bactericidal effects of four aminoglycoside antibiotics: amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin and tobramycin (author's transl)]. | the authors have studied on 20 bacterial strains (5 pseudomonas aeruginosa, 5 escherichia coli, 5 klebsiella and 5 serratia) the bactericidal kinetics of 4 aminoglycoside antibiotics: amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin and tobramycin. the antibiotic concentrations used for this work were 1.5 times the mic for each strain previously measured in a liquid medium. the action of the aminoglycoside antibiotics shows three phases. the third phase describes a part of less susceptible bacterial population. ... | 1979 | 114083 |
| transfer of r factors to and between genetically marked sublines of rhizobium japonicum. | plasmids r1822 and prd1 of the p-1 incompatibility group, for which rhizobium japonicum had not previously been shown to serve as host, were introduced into a strain of r. japonicum. acquisition of r68 and r68.45 plasmids by this rhizobium was equivocal. transfer of r1822 from pseudomonas aeruginosa and of prd1 from escherichia coli to r. japonicum was unambiguous, because the exconjugants subsequently cotransferred the three r-factor resistance determinants (kanamycin, tetracycline, and penicil ... | 1979 | 114109 |
| insignificance of colonic bacteria in the sputum of patients in a new icu. | over a 12-month period, 27% of patients in a new icu grew bacterial pathogens from sputum or tracheal cultures. the commonest isolates were pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella species. endotracheal intubation, the length of time intubated, and antimicrobial therapy all predisposed to the isolation of organisms from sputum. no patient developed a gram-negative pneumonia, and there was no case of septicemia associated with a positive sputum culture. the presence of epithelial or pus cells in spu ... | 1979 | 114356 |
| effect of concentration on bactericidal activity of cefotaxime. | | 1979 | 114510 |
| [effect of combination of hetacillin, cephapirin and amikacin (author's transl)]. | with the investigations of the effect of combination of hetacillin, cephapirin and amikacin, following experimental results were obtained; 1. effect of combination of amikacin, cephapirin and hetacillin was differed depending upon the genus and species of bacteria. however, in general, in the cases showing effective results there was a relation in the concentration of these antibiotics. with strains of escherichia coli amikacin and cephapirin was cooperative, but not with other combinations and ... | 1979 | 114683 |
| [legionnaires' disease in munich. case report and outline of the clinical picture (author's transl)]. | account is given of a patient with legionnaires' disease to highlight the increasing significance of this affection. the typical symptoms are described. under doxycyclin at high dosage (200 mg/day) the patient became afebrile within 36 hours with concurrent improvement of his general condition. distinct regression of the pulmonary infiltrate was seen within five days. | 1979 | 114785 |
| [the course of functional psychoses (author's transl)]. | functional psychoses correspond to a universal reduction of mental and intellectual function which, fundamentally reversible and unspecific, appear as sequelae of disturbances of cerebral function. they are the most common psychoses in medical practice and in hospitals. with the syndrome short test and functional psychosis scale b we now have a mutually equilibrated test system for the measurement of the whole range of severity of functional psychoses. with these two psychopathometric methods a ... | 1979 | 114811 |
| a portable device for concentrating bacteriophages from large volumes of freshwater. | | 1979 | 115828 |
| optimal dosage regimen for penicillins: bolus or continuous infusion? | | 1979 | 115829 |
| granulocyte adherence assay in acute infection as a reflection of the host resistance. | the in vitro granulocyte adherence assay was used in six healthy individuals and 14 patients who had acute gram-negative infection to determine whether or not the assay is altered with acute infection and whether or not it adequately reflects the host resistance. the granulocyte adherence values for all patients were significantly lower than those for healthy individuals. in eight patients who recovered, the initial mean value did not differ from that of six patients who died, 7.2 +/- 5.9 and 7. ... | 1979 | 116380 |
| [examinations on the behaviour of grampositive and gramnegative bacteria on aluminium foil (author's transl)]. | the survival times of staph. aureus, strept. faecalis, e. coli, klebs. pneumoniae, ser. marcescens and p. aeruginosa were found out on aluminium foil. it was examined whether there exists a dependence on the initial colony count and in mixed cultures a mutual influence of the several species of bacteria. the longest survival times were found among the grampositive cocci. ser. marcescens and klebs. pneumoniae could no more be indicated after 19 days in case of initial colony count of log 7.0/cm2; ... | 1979 | 116442 |
| [microbial emission, immission and changes in the germ count in the cooling water during operation of wet cooling towers i. communication: introduction to the problem posed (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 116444 |
| competition of beta-lactam antibiotics for the penicillin-binding proteins of pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter cloacae, klebsiella aerogenes, proteus rettgeri, and escherichia coli: comparison with antibacterial activity and effects upon bacterial morphology. | the competition of a number of beta-lactam morphogenic probes for the penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) of pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter cloacae, klebsiella aerogenes, proteus rettgeri, and escherichia coli has been studied. the results indicate that the various gram-negative bacteria have similar, but not identical, pbp patterns and that the individual proteins probably perform similar morphogenic functions as in e. coli k-12. comparison of the 50% binding concentrations of the compound ... | 1979 | 116592 |
| 3-[(1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylthio)methyl]cephalosporins. | the syntheses of ten 3-](1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylthio)methyl]cephalosporins, made by displacement of the 3'-acetoxy group by the novel thiol derivatives, potassium 1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-thiolate and dipotassium 1,2,3-thiadiazole-4-carboxylate-5-thiolate, are described. several of the compounds showed good in vitro antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. the subcutaneous in vivo activities against staphylococcus aureus were generally less than that of cafazolin. ... | 1979 | 117106 |
| [effect of inhibitory (mic) and subinhibitory concentrations of tobramycin on bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of beta-lactam antibiotics (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 117156 |
| oropharyngeal microflora in aboriginal and non-aboriginal australian children. an indicator of environmental contamination. | faecal microorganisms, not normally resident in the oropharynx, were isolated much more often from aboriginal than non-aboriginal australian children. this is almost certainly due to differences in standards of hygiene and living in these two groups, and is an important factor in contributing to the common and serious problem of gastrointestinal infections in young aborigines. in the non-aboriginal group, the isolations of faecal organisms were much more common from infants and from children und ... | 1979 | 117289 |
| [hospital acquired urinary tract infection (author's transl)]. | to explain hospital acquired urinary tract infections in a urological clinic, 3691 case histories were evaluated. about 15% of iatrogenic infections were found, among them 7% bacteremias and 0.9% of cases with urosepsis. autoinfection and intermittent infections should be differentiated. the iatrogenic infection can be prevented by avoiding certain diagnostic and operative interventions, observation of asepsis and exact indication, the autoinfection and intermittend infection by shortening the p ... | 1979 | 117320 |
| the clinical implications of contaminated pharmaceutical products. | | 1979 | 117898 |
| the automicrobic system for urines. | an evaluation of the automicrobic system (ams) for urines (vitek systems, inc.) was carried out under the auspices of the product evaluation committee of the college of american pathologists from the period june 1977 through october 1978. data generated during this evaluation indicated that, when comparing the ams methodology to our clinical microbiology laboratory methodology, a 37% time saving could be realized by utilizing the ams. quantitation with the ams showed a 99% correlation with the c ... | 1979 | 118176 |
| [etiotropic treatment of patients with calculous pyelonephritis]. | | 1979 | 118533 |
| protection against klebsiella pneumoniae respiratory tract infection of mice and squirrel monkeys given kanamycin by aerosol and injection. | the methods of aerosol administration of kanamycin and im injection of the antibiotic were compared for their protection of mice and squirrel monkeys against klebsiella pneumoniae respiratory tract infection. mice exposed to ld90 of k pneumoniae at 0.5, 4, 24, 48 and 72 hours after they were treated with aerosol of kanamycin (27 mg/kg of body weight) were significantly better protected at all exposure times than were mice given the antibiotic (450 mg/kg) by im injection. squirrel monkeys given t ... | 1979 | 118692 |
| in vitro and in vivo laboratory studies on three hydroxyiminophenylacetyl cephalosporins with particular reference to sk&f 80303, an unusually long-acting cephalosporin. | three cephalosporins with 7-(2-hydroxyiminophenylacetamido) side chains (sk&f 79433, 80000 and 80303), differing in their 3-substituents, exhibited similar broad-spectrum antibacterial activity in vitro against strains of staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus faecalis and various gram-negative bacilli. all three were active in vivo (s.c., mouse) against s. aureus, escherichia coli or klebsiella pneumoniae, but they differed significantly in serum pharmacokinetic profiles. sk&f 80303 produced high ... | 1979 | 118958 |
| comparative bactericidal activities of beta-lactam antibiotics determined in agar and broth media. | comparative bactericidal activities were determined utilizing a relatively large number of test strains, in both agar and broth media, with special reference to the time of exposure of the bacteria to certain beta-lactam antibiotics. it was apparent that the activities increase with time. the concentrations producing a 99.9% kill with cephalothin for escherichia coli, klebsiella sp., and carbenicillin for pseudomonas aeruginosa were higher in broth than in agar. in contrast, those of benzylpenic ... | 1979 | 118959 |
| in vitro susceptibility of urinary pathogens to trimethoprim, nitrofurantoin and trimethoprim-nitrofuratoin combination. | | 1979 | 119047 |
| cadmium and zinc sensitivity and tolerance in bacillus subtilis subsp. niger and in a pseudomonas sp. | the action of cd2+ and zn2+ on bacillus subtilis subsp. niger atcc 9372, and on a pseudomonas sp. (possibly pseudomonas fluorescens), isolated from cadmium-polluted soil has been determined and compared with results obtained previously with klebsiella aerogenes. in liquid medium the lag and the mean generation time of bacillus subtilis subsp, niger increased with increasing cd2+ or zn2+ concentrations whereas only the total biomass of the pseudomonas sp. was affected. nevertheless, the responses ... | 1979 | 119131 |
| growth of microorganisms in soybean oil emulsion and clinical implications. | | 1979 | 119714 |
| [analysis of suppurative pneumonia on the basis of our materials]. | | 1979 | 119951 |
| distribution of membrane-bound monoamine oxidase in bacteria. | the distribution of membrane-bound monoamine oxidase in 30 strains of various bacteria was studied. monoamine oxidase was determined by using an ammonia-selective electrode; analyses were sensitive and easy to perform. the enzyme was found in some strains of the family enterobacteriaceae, such as klebsiella, enterobacter, escherichia, salmonella, serratia, and proteus. among strains of other families of bacteria tested, only pseudomonas aeruginosa ifo 3901, micrococcus luteus ifo 12708, and brev ... | 1979 | 120132 |
| in vitro microbiological evaluation of tei-1194 and tei-2012, novel antipseudomonal semisynthetic penicillins. | tei-1194, sodium 6-[d-(-)-alpha-(coumarin-3-carboxamide)-phenylacetamide] penicillanate and tei-2012, sodium 6[d-(-)alpha-(8-hydroxy-coumarin-3-carboxamide)-phenylacetamide] penicillanate are new semisynthetic penicillin derivatives both possessing a broad spectrum of in vitro antibacterial activities. minimal inhibitory concentrations of both agents were compared with carbenicillin. tei-1194 and tei-2012 were clearly found to have more potent activities especially against pseudomonas aeruginosa ... | 1979 | 120353 |
| [in vitro studies with piperacillin. effectiveness against enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa compared to other antibiotics (author's transl)]. | the in vitro activity of piperacillin, a new semisynthetic penicillin was compared with the inhibitory effect of other broad-spectrum penicillins and beta-lactamase stable cephalosporins. the examination was carried out by agar diffusion test with 1699 gram-negative strains. the antibacterial activity of piperacillin was generally superior to that of the other penicillins. less than one per cent. of pseudomonas aeruginosa strains tested was resistant against piperacillin. only klebsiella spp. sh ... | 1979 | 120489 |
| [antibacterial activity of mezlocillin and azlocillin/a survey (author's transl)]. | a review of the antibacterial activity of 6-[(r)-2-[3-methylsulfonyl-2-oxo-imidazolidine-carboxamido]-2-phenyl-acetamido]-penicillanic acid sodium salt (mezlocillin, baypen) and 6-[(r)-2-(2-oxo-imidazolidine-1-carboxamido)-2-phenyl-acetamido]-penicillanic acid sodium salt (azlocillin, securopen) is given on the basis of extensive in vitro studies. the action of each of the preparations is compared with that of important antibiotics of other substance classes from the group of penicillins and cep ... | 1979 | 120745 |
| effect of varying concentrations of edta on the antimicrobial properties of cutting fluid preservatives. | the potentiating effects of edta and its disodium, trisodium and tetrasodium salts were studied in combination with several cutting fluid preservatives. it was found that a ratio of 1 part preservative to 2 to 4 parts chelating agent produced marked increases in antimicrobial action. | 1979 | 120928 |
| [effect of an acute inflammatory process on anti-infectious resistance in mice]. | acute inflammatory reaction induced by intrapleural injection of calcium pyrophosphate increases the resistance of mice to klebsiella pneumoniae infection. transfer to mice of protection against klebsiella pneumoniae is effected by injection of inflammation sera. | 1979 | 121260 |
| the effect of prophylactic tinidazole on the anaerobic vaginal flora in patients undergoing gynaecological surgery. | the effects of prophylactic tinidazole on the vaginal carrier state of anaerobic bacteria and the development of postoperative infections were studied in 50 patients undergoing gynaecological surgery. the results are based on a double-blind trial, using tinidazole (fasigyn; pfizer) and placebo. although no postoperative infections other than urinary tract infections were observed in our series, this study shows conclusively that the isolation of anerobic bacteria from the vagina decreased marked ... | 1979 | 121639 |
| [the antibacterial efficacy of cefaclor in routine testing of clinical material from two berlin hospitals (author's transl)]. | the agar diffusion method was used to test the antibacterial efficacy of cefaclor against bacterial strains isolated routinely from patients in two hospitals in berlin. a comparison was made with the efficacy of oxacillin, azlocillin, amikacin, gentamicin, ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, tetracycline, penicillin, cefazolin, nalidixic acid and nitrofurantoin. a total of 1235 strains of staphylococcus aureus, enterococci, escherichia coli, klebsiella, enterobacter, proteus species, citrobacter and pse ... | 1979 | 121730 |
| [therapy of chronic respiratory tract infections in children, including mucoviscidosis (author's transl)]. | in respiratory tract infections in children a distinction must be made between frequently recurring infections and genuine chronic infections due to specific anatomical factors, immunological defects or congenital diseases such as mucoviscidosis. the most frequent pathogens are haemophilus influenzae, pneumococci, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, enterococci, pseudomonas aeruginosa and klebsiella, s. aureus predominates in infants. the same applies for mucoviscidosis, in which p. a ... | 1979 | 121731 |
| bacteraemia and upper gastrointestinal fibre-endoscopy. | | 1979 | 121891 |
| [antibacterial activity of amikacin towards gentamicin-resistant, gram-negative bacilli]. | antibacterial activity of amikacin with regards to gentamicin resistant, gram-negative bacteria was evaluated. probable systems of enzymatic inactivation of antibiotic were postulated for amikacin and other aminoglycosides. | 1979 | 121911 |
| [observations on antibacterial activity of thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteinate (author's transl)]. | in vitro thiamphenicol antibacterial activity in the presence of n-acetylcysteine as sodium salt proved to be enhanced when compared with that of the antibacterial alone against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains. the in vitro results were confirmed in vivo in the guinea-pig, where the sera from animals previously treated by i.m. route with thiamphenicol glycinate acetylcysteinate, showed a higher antibacterial activity than sera from animals treated with thiamphenicol glycin ... | 1979 | 122158 |
| bacteriological and histopathological estimation of aerodin efficacy administered by respiratory way to mice and guinea pigs experimentally infected. | | 1979 | 122262 |
| the risks of umbilical vessel catheterization in a neonatal intensive care unit. | five hundred and fourteen high-risk neonates who had indwelling umbilical catheters at the neonatal intensive care unit of the university of benin teaching hospital were studied. of these 514 neonates, 122 (23.8%) had their catheters in-situ for longer than 24 h. of the 122, fifty-four (44%) had positive bacterial cultures from their catheter tips. seven (5.7%) and four (3.2%) of the 122 neonates studied developed septicaemia and necrotizing enterocolitis respectively. catheterization for period ... | 1979 | 122314 |
| in vitro activity of piperacillin, a new semisynthetic penicillin with an unusually broad spectrum of activity. | the in vitro activity of piperacillin (t-1220), a new semisynthetic derivative of aminobenzylpenicillin, was investigated. the majority of streptococci and pneumococci were inhibited by 0.12 micrograms/ml; the staphylococci and enterococci were inhibited by 2 micrograms/ml. piperacillin was slightly more active against neisseria and haemophilus influenzae than was ampicillin. piperacillin was active against all members of the enterobacteriaceae including the klebsiella, 58% of which were inhibit ... | 1978 | 122518 |
| piperacillin, a new penicillin active against many bacteria resistant to other penicillins. | the in vitro activity of piperacillin, a new semisynthetic piperazine penicillin derivative, was evaluated against 626 clinical isolates and compared with the activity of other beta-lactam antibiotics. at a concentration of 0.1 microgram/ml, piperacillin inhibited all streptococci except enterococci. non-beta-lactamase-producing staphylococci were inhibited by 1.6 microgram or less per ml. both beta-lactamase- and non-beta-lactamase-producing haemophilus were inhibited by 0.1 microgram/ml. piper ... | 1978 | 122519 |
| in vitro study of clavulanic acid in combination with penicillin, amoxycillin, and carbenicillin. | the activity of clavulanic acid alone and in combination with penicillin, amoxycillin, and carbenicillin was studied. marked reductions in the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) for a wide spectrum of beta-lactamase-producing clinical isolates were found. of particular interest were the decreased mics of penicillin for bacteroides fragilis and beta-lactamase-producing strains of neisseria gonorrhoea in the presence of the clavulanic acid. beta-lactamase-producing strains of escherichia col ... | 1978 | 122520 |
| susceptibility of cephalothin-resistant gram-negative bacilli to piperacillin, cefuroxime, and other selected antibiotics. | the in vitro antibacterial activity of piperacillin and cefuroxime against 180 isolates of cephalothin-resistant enterobacteriaceae and of piperacillin against 46 isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa was determined. amikacin, gentamicin, carbenicillin, cefoxitin, and cefamandole were included for comparison. the activities of piperacillin and carbenicillin against enterobacteriaceae were comparable. piperacillin was appreciably more active against pseudomonas than carbenicillin and was equivalent ... | 1978 | 122524 |
| reduction products of spectinomycin. | the two epimers of dihydrospectinomycin have been separated and identified structurally. four tetrahydrospectinomycins have also been prepared. | 1975 | 123237 |
| the early diagnosis of gram negative septicemia in the pediatric surgical patient. | ninety-three postoperative patients 1 day to 13 years of age had blood cultures, limulus lysate assay, determination of fibrin degradation products, white blood cell and platelet counts. seven groups were studied. the limulus lysate assay was often positive (64%) in the presence of gram negative septicemia but there were false positives and negatives. the tests for fibrin degradation products were inconsistent. the white blood cell count was low in babies with gram negative septicemia. one hundr ... | 1975 | 126047 |
| use of limulus assay to compare the biological activity of peptidoglycan and endotoxin. | the gelation of a lysate prepared from the amebocytes of limulus polyphemus, the horseshoe crab, has been used to detect endotoxin-like material in clinical studies and in "in vitro" experiments. the investigation of blood samples from 54 hospitalized patients suspected of having endotoxemia, revealed a positive limulus test in 14. infections due to gram-positive organisms were not associated with positive assays. these results were in agreement with the observation that living gram-positive mic ... | 1975 | 126558 |
| [increased incidence of some strains of klebsiella aerogenes]. | study of the incidence of klebsiella aerogenes strains in neonates and infants with acute enterocolitis in the maternity and pediatric departments gave the following results: - bacteriologic investigations were carried out in 1831 subjects, isolating 138 klebsiella aerogenes strains; - the proportion of klebsiella isolations increased from 4.6% in 1973 to 11.1% in 1974; - the maximum receptivity to klebsiella aerogenes was noted in the 0-2 years age group, in a proportion of 23%; - in the 0-6 mo ... | 1975 | 128803 |
| a transmissible plasmid determining lactose fermentation and multiple antibiotic resistance in a strain of klebsiella pneumoniae. | in a wild strain of klebsiella pneumoniae the plasmid that determined lactose fermentation also determined resistance to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, tetracyclines, streptomycin, spectinomycin, and sulphonamides. the plasmid transferred at a very low rate to escherichia coli k12 and salmonella typhi. by implanting other transfer factors in the strain the rate of transfer and the recipient range were increased. plasmid transfer from the modified strain to salm. typhimurium and salm. gallinarum wa ... | 1976 | 134162 |
| nitrogenases from klebsiella pneumoniae and clostridium pasteurianum. kinetic investigations of cross-reactions as a probe of the enzyme mechanism. | in combination with the mo-fe protein of nitrogenase from klebsiella pneumoniae, the fe protein of nitrogenase from clostridium pasteurianum forms an active enzyme with novel properties different from those of either of the homologous nitrogenases. the steady-state rates of reduction of acetylene and h+ are 12% of those of the homologous system from c.pasteurianim. acetylene reductase activity exhibited an approx. 10min lag at 30 degrees c before the rate of reduction became linear, consistent w ... | 1976 | 134700 |
| pathway of galactitol catabolism in klebsiella pneumoniae. | | 1976 | 134705 |
| [distribution of capsular serotypes in klebsieela strains of enteral origin]. | the significant proportion of microorganisms belonging to the klebsiella genus among the causative agents isolated and subdifferentiation of the genus for epidemiological survey of infantile klebsiella infections are dealt with in the present paper. the 28 klebsiella strains isolated from cases of enteritis confirms the enteral tropism of these enterobacteria, especially among the infantile population. a proportion of 13.3% strains were identified in pure cultures obtained from feces and were co ... | 1976 | 138927 |
| interaction between the oxidative phosphorylation genes of escherichia coli k12 and the nitrogen fixation gene cluster of klebsiella pneumoniae. | | 1977 | 140682 |