| isolation and characterization of low molecular weight antibodies for treponema pallidum. | a low molecular weight antibody which coated treponema pallidum without producing any apparent reaction was isolated from human syphilitic serum. its electrophoretic mobility was that of igg immunoglobulins, and molecular weight was between 115,000 and 120,000. | 1979 | 375871 |
| comparison of cardiolipin and treponemal tests in the serodiagnosis of yaws. | results of the veneral disease research laboratory (vdrl), rapid plasma reagin (rpr), treponema pallidum haemagglutination (tpha), t. pallidum immobilisation (tpi), and fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (fta-abs) tests on sera of 661 children from a region where yaws is hypoendemic are compared. for 107 (16.2%) out of 661 sera the fta-abs test was the only one showing reactivity; in these instances the test was weakly reactive (intensity of fluorescence scored as +) and the children had ... | 1979 | 376061 |
| role of humoral versus cellular mechanisms of resistance in the pathogenesis of syphilis. | | 1979 | 376063 |
| [value of specific serological tests in examination of the cerebrospinal fluid in syphilis]. | | 1979 | 377835 |
| [attempts at developing a syphilis vaccine (author's transl)]. | numerous investigators tried over the years to induce artifically immunity against syphilis by use of a variety of treponema preparations. none of these immunization experiments performed by different means and routes provided clear evidence of acquired immunity in animals and humans given various vaccine preparations against challenge with even minimal doses of virulent t. pallidum. in recent years, however, promising results have been obtained in the immunization study. two types of syphilis v ... | 1979 | 378724 |
| glucose incorporation by treponema pallidum. | treponema pallidum incorporated glucose into trichloroacetic acid-precipitable material. the amount of incorporation was proportional to the number of treponemes and was estimated to equal 3% of the glucose oxidized. | 1979 | 378845 |
| comparative behavior of virulent strains of treponema pallidum and treponema pertenue in gradient cultures of various mammalian cells. | two strains of virulent treponema pallidum and two of virulent t. pertenue were investigated for their ability to attach to and survive in gradient cultures of five different mammalian cells under aerobic conditions. the strains of t. pallidum studied were the high-rabbit-passage nichols and the low-rabbit-passage kkj. the former was known to readily attach to cottontail rabbit epithelial cells (sf1ep) and to survive in the virulent state for up to 21 days. we therefore compared attachment of th ... | 1979 | 378851 |
| [serological demonstration of a treponema pallidum reinfection]. | an improved method for precise separation of 19-s-igm from other immunoglobulines reveals the reappearance of antitreponemal 19-s-igm-antibodies after reinfection in five patients. the igm-fta-abs-test with non-separated full-serum was non-reactive in all cases due to competitive inhibition. the new assay apparently permits a clear differentiation between reinfection and non-specific increase of titers in lipoidal antigen tests. treatment failures can be distinguished from reinfections in cases ... | 1979 | 378901 |
| [lymphocyte migration inhibition in rabbit experimental syphilis (author's transl)]. | during rabbit experimental syphilis a suspension of treponema pallidum (tp) was used as antigen. the evolution of anti tp antibodies was followed up to the fifteenth month, the antibody titer was maximum at month seven. a stimulation of leukocytes migration test was observed up to the sixth month then a significant inhibition appeared (chi square test) which persists after the ninth month. hence the possibility was discussed that some form of cellular immunity appears secondary while immune resp ... | 1979 | 379811 |
| [passive hemagglutination test in the serodiagnosis of syphilis]. | passive haemagglutination test with pathogenic treponema pallidum antigen in the serodiagnosis of syphilis, carried out on 752 sera (518 syphilitic patients and 234 subjects without evidence of syphilis) showed a greater general sensitivity as compared the cardiolipin tests and complement fixation test with reiter protein antigen, and lower, to immunofluorescence (fta--abs). its specificity is relatively lower than that of the cardiolopin and treponemal tests. associated with the cardiolipin tes ... | 1979 | 379958 |
| [immunity aspects in syphilis]. | until lately, the host-parasite relationship in syphilis registered a certain latency because of the difficult approach to the problem and especially because of the enthusiasm caused by the possible eradication of the disease by penicillin. as these expectations were not confirmed, attention was again focussed on study by modern means of the biology of pathogenic treponema, its antigenic properties, possibility of in vitro cultivation and certain humoral and cellular immune aspects that govern t ... | 1979 | 379962 |
| unique lipid composition of treponema pallidum (nichols virulent strain). | the lipid composition of treponema pallidum (nichols virulent strain) was determined after purification of the organisms from the infected testes of corticosteroid-treated rabbits by differential centrifugation, filtration through nuclepore membranes, and sedimentation in hypaque density gradients. the total lipids were comprised of 32.2% neutral lipids, mainly cholesterol, and 67.8% phospholipids consisting of phosphatidylcholine (32.1%), sphingomyelin (14.8%), cardiolipin (13.0%), phosphatidyl ... | 1979 | 381199 |
| membranous glomerulonephritis in congenital syphilis. | the glomerulonephritis of congenital syphilis is thought to be immune-complex mediated. we describe a case of c. s. in whom the only manifestation was a glomerulonephritis. immunopathogenic studies allowed the identification of treponemal antigen in glomeruli. the elution of immunoglobulins from renal tissue showed that glomerular deposits contained antitreponemal antibodies. cryoglobulins with antitreponemal activity were also isolated from the patient's serum. | 1979 | 383337 |
| pyruvate oxidation by treponema pallidum. | cell-free extracts of treponema pallidum catalyzed the decarboxylation of pyruvate. this activity was suppressed at low o2 tensions and appeared to be coenzyme a independent. pyruvate decarboxylation was inorganic phosphate dependent, and evidence suggested that acetyl phosphate was a product. oxygen was consumed, and data indicated that h2o2 was produced. these results indicated that the overall oxidation of pyruvate was: pyruvate + o2 + inorganic phosphate leads to co2 + acetyl phosphate + h2o ... | 1979 | 383612 |
| identification of a low moleculr weight igm antibody with treponema pallidum specificity in sera of patients with chronic syphilis. | a low-molecular (8s) treponema-specific igm antibody was isolated by means of sephadex 200 g gel filtration and/or sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation in 78 of 4,120 sera of patients who had been identified to have had syphilis. the igm specificity can be shown by indirect immunofluorescence using a mu-chain specific antiserum. the low molecular igm (lmw-igm) antibodies are not identical with the 19s-igm as demonstrated in studies with gel filtration and sucrose gradient methods. they are not i ... | 1979 | 384079 |
| electron microscopy of treponemes subjected to the treponema pallidum immobilization (tpi) test. i. comparison of immunoimmobilized cells and control cells. | the ultrastructure of cells of t. pallidum nichols subjected to the tpi test was studied in negatively stained specimens. cells incubated in basal medium to which was added either human syphilis serum or heated guineapig serum (gps) showed a normal morphology. this was also the cause for cells incubated with basal medium to which was added either human syphilis serum and heated gps or normal human serum and unheated gps. by dark-field microscopy cells obtained from these different incubation mix ... | 1979 | 384745 |
| evaluation of microhaemagglutination assay to determine treponemal antibodies in csf. | the microhaemagglutination assay for treponema pallidum antibodies (mha:tp-csf), the veneral disease research laboratory (vdrl-csf), and the fluorescent treponemal antibody (fta-csf) tests were used to detect treponemal antibodies in 3157 samples of cerebrospinal fluid from patients with syphilis, with neurological, metabolic, or immunological disorders, and with undetermined diagnoses. an agreement of 99.5% between the results of the mha:tp-csf and fta-csf tests was obtained for all the csf sam ... | 1979 | 385012 |
| false-positive test results for syphilis in relatives of a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. | in a family of nine members, two had systemic lupus erythematosus and seven positive serological test results for syphilis. none of the affected subjects had a history or physical signs of syphilis, but two had positive results to the treponema pallidum immobilisation test. the explanation for these findings is not known, but possibily they were all false-positive reactions. | 1979 | 385013 |
| a solid-phase radioimmunoassay for the detection of antibodies to treponema pallidum. | a solid-phase radioimmunoassay (ria) procedure was developed for the detection of antibodies to treponema pallidum. the source of antigen used was t. pallidum (nichols strain), which was specifically bound to the solid phase by use of rabbit antibody to t. pallidum (nichols strain). the solid-phase system for this ria test is the well of a microtiter plate. preliminary data suggest that the ria procedure is sensitive and specific and might be a useful addition to the research tools and serologic ... | 1979 | 386532 |
| electron microscopy of treponemes subjected to the treponema pallidum immobilization (tpi) test. ii. immunoelectron microscopy. | the experiments were carried out in order to investigate whether human igg globulin is absorbed on to the surface of t. pallidum cells during incubation with human syphilis serum in the treponema pallidum immobilization (tpi) test. cells of t. pallidum nichols subjected to the tpi test were further incubated with ferritin conjugated rabbit antihuman igg globulin. human igg globulin could only be demonstrated on immunoimmobilized cells, i.e. cells incubated with human syphilis serum and unheated ... | 1979 | 386711 |
| [correlations between immunological parameters and the stage of clinical apparent or latent syphilis (author's transl)]. | | 1979 | 387482 |
| endemic syphilis: passive transfer of resistance with serum and cells in hamsters. | serum or spleen cells from hamsters immune to infection with treponema pallidum strain bosnia a conferred partial protection against syphilitic infection by the same strain on recipient hamsters. cutaneous lesions did not develop, and in the lymph nodes the average weight and number of treponemes detected were significantly lower than in normal and control hamsters. treatment of the immune spleen cells with antithymocyte serum and complement abolished their ability to transfer resistance. this i ... | 1979 | 387887 |
| diagnostic evaluation of syphilis during pregnancy. | obstetric patients with serologic evidence of syphilis should have cerebrospinal fluid (csf) analysis to determine the presence of tertiary disease. in the present study, 19% of untreated and asymptomatic patients with serologic evidence of syphilis were found to have tertiary syphilis following examination of csf. despite maternal therapy, 11% of the infants born to mothers with syphilis had reactive serum and csf involvement as documented by the presence of a fluorescent treponemal antibody ab ... | 1979 | 388268 |
| utility of the fta-abs test of cerebrospinal fluid in the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. | | 1979 | 388681 |
| prevalence of treponema hyodysenteriae in healthy pigs. | | 1979 | 389007 |
| the csf-fta test and the significance of blood contamination. | although the fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (fta-abs) test has found wide application in the diagnosis of syphilis, the cerebrospinal fluid fluorescent treponemal antibody (csf-fta) test is still controversial in the diagnosis of neurosyphilis. we found the csf-fta test extremely sensitive to contamination with fta-abs-reactive blood at concentrations in csf that could not be detected by visual inspection. interpretation of a reactive test should be made with caution if red cells are ... | 1979 | 389149 |
| cultivation of treponema pallidum in subcutaneous chambers implanted in golden hamsters. | treponema pallidum was successfully grown in subcutaneous chambers in golden hamsters. abnormally long forms of t. pallidum were found in these chambers. the cause of this abnormality may possibly be due to their being coated with antibody which could inhibit cell division or render the organism avirulent or both. t. pallidum was successfully passaged between hamsters but with a possible diminution in virulence. | 1979 | 389350 |
| preparation of t. pallidum extracts from infected rabbit testes. | | 1979 | 389355 |
| ["old new" problem of the lues risk in transfusion medicine: the effect of the serum and acd stabilizer at different temperatures on the infectiosity of treponema pallidium (nichols strain)]. | the portion of warm and fresh blood transfusions had increased obviously. this is accompanied by a decrease of the restrictive period of the former 72 and the presently 48 hours for blood units to be transfused. therefore, the danger of a symphilis transmitted by transfusion is impending again. this is realized insufficiently and the syphilis may occur, if blood is drawn in the seronegative phase of the primary stage of syphilis and transfused within the restrictive period. model trials on the i ... | 1979 | 391712 |
| [specificity of the tpha test]. | | 1979 | 391770 |
| testicular cultivation of treponema pallidum (nichols strains) facilitated by sustained-release steroid administration. | treponema pallidum cultivation is facilitated by substitution of methylprednisolone acetate suspension for hydrocortisone administration during rabbit testicular infection. methylprednisolone suspension reduces testicular mononuclear cell infiltration and should benefit future studies of virulent t. pallidum. | 1979 | 391819 |
| cultivation requirements for treponema pallidum, mycobacterium leprae and other microbial and mammalian microaerophilic cells. | atmospheric and biological evolution progressed simultaneously and today certain cell types flourish only at oxygen tensions which were ambient 600 million years ago, i.e., at 5 to 10 mm hg. in man, a continuous oxygen flow at these pressures is supplied in the skin where treponema pallidum, mycobacterium leprae and members of the genus rickettsia grow best. in vitro studies support the microaerophilic status of these organisms and of certain other microbial and mammalian cells. vigorous growth ... | 1979 | 392268 |
| [further studies on the usefulness of the tpha and fta-abs reactions for routine verification of positive results of screening tests]. | | 1979 | 392626 |
| [indirect hemagglutination reaction with treponema antigen for the serodiagnosis of syphilis]. | | 1979 | 392984 |
| optimum concentration of dissolved oxygen for the survival of virulent treponema pallidum under conditions of low oxidation-reduction potential. | a maintenance medium with a low oxidation-reduction (redox) potential, when gently bubbled with 5% oxygen in nitrogen or with air for various periods of time, gave a range of dissolved oxygen concentrations between 1.6 and 5.8 micrograms/l. virulent treponema pallidum (nichols strain) inoculated into these media were assayed 24 and 48 hours later for motility and virulence and were compared with samples taken at zero time. virulent t. pallidum survived best in the presence of 2.4 micrograms/l di ... | 1979 | 393360 |
| susceptibility of rabbits to treponema pallidum after infection with mycobacterium bovis. | rabbits stimulated with mycobacterium bovis (strain bcg) one month before challenge with treponema pallidum (nichols) did not show any modification in their development of syphilitic lesions. a second infection with bcg given at the same time and at the same intradermal site as the t. pallidum challenge also failed to protect the rabbits against syphilis. thus the non-specific activation of cell-mediated immunity by bcg does not appear to protect rabbits against t. pallidum infection even when b ... | 1979 | 393361 |
| limited protection of rabbits against infection with treponema pallidum by immune rabbit sera. | after intradermal infection of rabbits with 3 x 10(6) treponema pallidum (melbourne 1 strain) samples of serum were taken at one, two, three, four, and six months after infection. normal rabbits were passively immunised with these sera, challenged with intradermal doses (10(4), 10(3), 10(2), 10) of t. pallidum, and the latent periods of infection, lesion diameters, and the number of inoculation sites developing into lesions were observed. the sera taken at three, four, and six months reduced the ... | 1979 | 393362 |
| [fundamentals and prospects of syphilis serology]. | | 1979 | 393549 |
| [hideyo noguchi and oral spirochaete]. | | 1978 | 394992 |
| the effect of reducing and other agents on the motility of treponema pallidum in an acellular culture medium. | the maintenance of treponema pallidum motility was investigated in an acellular medium based on t. pallidum immobilization test medium. the acellular medium contained cysteine, glutathione, thioglycollate and dithiothreitol as reducing agents and had a redox potential of -275 +/- 25 mv at ph 7.3. in an atomosphere containing 3% o2, motile treponemes survived four times longer when calf serum and bovine serum albumin were added to the medium. the selective omission of glutathione and, particularl ... | 1979 | 396354 |
| solid phase immunosorbent technique (spit) for the demonstration of specific igm antibodies by hemagglutination inhibition and passive hemagglutination. | the adsorption of protein to glass and plastic has been well documented. it has also been demonstrated that the absorbed antigen or antibodies retain their activity in as much as they are able to react with a specific antibody respective specific antigen(1). furthermore the adsorbed antignene or antibody complex may also react with a later added antigen. anti igm is adsorbed to the solid phase and will retain igm from the patient's serum. if the patient's serum contains specific igm this will re ... | 1979 | 397143 |
| macrophages in immunity to syphilis: suppressive effect of concurrent infection with mycobacterium bovis bcg on the development of syphilitic lesions and growth of treponema pallidum in tuberculin-positive rabbits. | paired groups of male rabbits were challenged with treponema pallidum and mycobacterium bovis bcg. one group had been sensitized to bcg by inoculation 3 weeks before challenge. all animals were challenged intradermally at multiple sites with t. pallidum alone, bcg alone, and both organisms into the same sites. the resulting lesions were followed clinically and histologically. bcg lesions enlarged more rapidly in sensitized rabbits, but they were otherwise no different from those in the controls. ... | 1979 | 397934 |
| [a new method for serologic detection of treponema pallidum reinfection]. | sources of error in the detection of specific igm-antibodies against treponema pallidum could be overcome by the introduction of a new method for precise separation of immunoglobulins. the 19-s-igm-fta-abs-test apparently permits a correct diagnosis of syphilitic reinfection. this method is not only specific but also earlier reactive than the vdrl-test. the short-time persistence of 19 s-igm production after treatment and its renewed appearance enables for the first time a differentiation betwee ... | 1979 | 398361 |
| the effect of treatment on the treponema pallidum haemagglutination test in early syphilis. | the response of the treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay (tpha) to treatment was studied in 61 cases of early infectious syphilis. in none of the 55 cases of early syphilis in which the pre-treatment tpha was positive did the tpha test become consistently negative after treatment. in primary and early latent syphilis it was not possible to demonstrate any significant changes, but in some cases of secondary syphilis a significant and rapid fall in tpha titre occurred with treatment. it is s ... | 1979 | 400311 |
| effect of sensitization with propionibacterium acnes on the growth of listeria monocytogenes and treponema pallidum in rabbits. | sensitization of rabbits with propionibacterium acnes, a nonspecific stimulant of the reticuloendothelial system, was investigated as a means of enhancing resistance to treponema pallidum. a single i.v. dose of p. acnes given 3 or 7 days before challenge with listeria monocytogenes was capable of suppressing the growth of the heterologous organism, whereas a single i.v. dose 24 hr or 14 days before challenge was not. reactivation via i.v. elicitation with p. acnes 14 days after sensitization (1 ... | 1977 | 401511 |
| immune responses to soluble antigens of treponemes. | sonicates from five cultivable treponemes were used as antigens in delayed hypersensitivity tests and macrophage inhibition assays. immunodiffusion analysis showed that the sonicate comprised two major antigenic components which were not distinguishable in the skin tests. the sonicate antigens elicited significant cell-mediated immunity in guinea-pigs. treponema refringens biotype nichols proved to induce the strongest delayed response. delayed skin hypersensitivity to the antigens of treponema ... | 1977 | 402976 |
| [vaccination against syphilis. immunologic basis and practical problems]. | | 1977 | 408668 |
| in vitro antitreponemal activities of carbadox, virginiamycin, olaquindox, and tylosin as indices of their effectiveness for preventing swine dysentery. | | 1978 | 418551 |
| [technic of syphilis serology and its evaluation]. | | 1979 | 419791 |
| bacteriophage-like particles associated with a spirochete. | a lysed treponema bacterium containing cubic phage-like particles, approximately 40nm in diameter, has been observed by negative staining electron microscopy. | 1979 | 427652 |
| sensitivity in vitro to dimetridazole of treponemes associated with swine dysentery. | the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of dimetridazole (dmz) against treponema hyodysenteriae (55 isolates) obtained over the period 1974-77 from individual pigs with swine dysentery from 41 herds where dmz had been in use was determined. the mic was less than or equal to 5.0 microgram per ml for 54 of the isolates and differences in the distribution of mics between the annual sampling periods were not significant (p less than 0.05). there was no decrease in sensitivity of t hyodysenteriae ... | 1979 | 433115 |
| [effect of sodium ribonucleate on the growth and the hemolytic activity of treponema hyodysenteriae]. | liquid cultures of different strains of treponema hyodysenteriae, when supplemented with sodium ribonucleate show an increase in the hemolytic activity titers while the number of colony forming units remain constant. | 1979 | 437027 |
| characterization of the cytoplasmic fibrils of treponema refringens (nichols). | the cytoplasmic fibrils of treponema refringens were studied in situ by electron microscopy of thin sectioned and negatively stained cells. from 5 to 21 parallel fibrils ran through the cell in a band adjacent to the inner side of the cytoplasmic membrane, on the inner sides of the curves of the spirochete. the nuclear areas of cells were adjacent to the fibrils. cross sections of fibrils isolated from cells which had been lysed were polygonal and not uniformly electron dense. polyacrylamide gel ... | 1979 | 443989 |
| therapeutic effect of oral doxycycline on syphilis. | fifty-one patients with syphilis were treated with oral doxycycline. a course of the antibiotic treatment consisted of 200 mg of doxycycline daily in two divided doses for 28 days. the courses were repeated three to four times a year with an interval of several months. quantitative venereal disease research laboratory (vdrl), wassermann reaction (wr), and treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay (tpha) tests were performed monthly to evaluate the therapeutic effect of doxycycline treatment. th ... | 1979 | 445120 |
| isolation of pathogenic treponemes from hare. | a presumably new species of pathogenic treponemes was isolated from a lesion on the male organs of hare (lepus sp.) and the scrotum of a rabbit (oryctolagus sp.) was infected with this treponeme. lesion developed on the scrotum after a 110-day incubation. | 1979 | 446601 |
| studies on the pathogenesis of swine dysentery. i. characterization of the lesions in colons and colonic segments inoculated with pure cultures or colonic content containing treponema hyodysenteriae. | swine dysentery was induced in pigs and in ligated colonic segments by inoculation of pure cultures of, or colonic contents containing, treponema hyodysenteriae. the mildest changes, best seen in ligated segments 48 or 72 hours after inoculation, were congestion and leucocytic margination in mucosal capillaries and depletion of mucigen from goblet cells lining the base of the crypts of lieberkühn. superficial mucosal necrosis and crypt cell hyperplasia were later changes. perfusion studies with ... | 1979 | 452320 |
| sensitivity of treponemes to dimetridazole. | | 1979 | 452333 |
| in vitro attachment of treponema hyodysenteriae to mammalian epithelial cells. | the interaction between treponema hyodysenteriae and isolated swine intestinal epithelial cells or mouse adrenal cells in culture was examined. studies were performed in which treponemes were incubated with each type of anomal cell in an atmosphere of 5% co2 in air. coincubation was terminated at various time intervals, and the percentage of treponemal attachment evaluated by light microscopy. the extent of attachment was dependent on both incubation time and temperature. the mechanism of attach ... | 1979 | 455154 |
| in vitro activity of 39 antimicrobial agents against treponema hyodysenteriae. | the in vitro activities of 39 antimicrobial agents against 23 isolates of treponema hyodysenteriae, the majority of which were field isolates, were determined by the agar dilution technique. quinoxalines, pleuromutilin, nitroimidazoles, and nitrofuran were the most active. their activities ranged from </=0.10 to 1.56 mug/ml. lincomycin, penicillins, chloramphenicol, tetracyclines, cephalosporins, three peptides (virginiamycin, thiopeptin, and bacitracin), and one aminoglycoside (gentamicin) exhi ... | 1979 | 464566 |
| ultrastructural study of satellite lymph nodes in syphilitic rabbits. | in an electron microscopy study of lymph nodes from syphilitic rabbits plasmablasts and plasma cells were unequivocally identified in germinal centres. up to 20% of the plasma cells possessed unusual cytological features. paracortical hypoplasia was shown to be associated with actively phagocytic histiocytes. these findings may reflect morphological correlates of the aberrant immune regulation which has been observed in infection with treponema pallidum. | 1979 | 466381 |
| studies on the pathogenesis of swine dysentery. ii. search for a cytotoxin in spirochetal broth cultures and colon content. | broth cultures of treponema hyodysenteriae and colonic content from pigs with swine dysentery were tested for cytotoxicity in cell cultures, erythrocyte suspensions and in ligated segments of pig colon. live cells of t. hyodysenteriae attached to the surface of cells in all cultures tested but did not penetrate them nor cause morphologic change detectable by light microscopy. only live t. hyodysenteriae caused erythrolysis. broth cultures or colonic content sterilized by filtration or by disrupt ... | 1979 | 473487 |
| serological tests for syphilis and their clinical use. | | 1979 | 476334 |
| electron microscopic changes in colon in experimental swine dysentery. | | 1979 | 484404 |
| experimental infection in mice with treponema hyodysenteriae. | nineteen of 22 female mice (cf1 strain) inoculated intragastrically with treponema hyodysenteriae developed cecal and colonic lesions consisting of catarrhal inflammation, edema, and occasional hemorrhage. | 1979 | 489130 |
| a disc growth-inhibition test for differentiating treponema hyodysenteriae from other intestinal spirochaetes. | a disc growth-inhibition (gi) test was developed for differentiating treponema hyodysenteriae from other intestinal spirochaetes. tests with antisera against six spirochaetes, including two strains of t hyodysenteriae revealed four serological types among the six strains. the two strains of t hyodysenteriae represented one type. the test was specific in that there were no cross-reactions between the four types. using antisera to two strains of t hyodysenteriae, it was possible to distinguish 11 ... | 1979 | 505906 |
| use of cb hamsters in the study of treponema pertenue. | the cb/ss lak strain of inbred hamster was used as a model for studies of infection with treponema pertenue and of acquired resistance to it. when infected, this strain developed cutaneous lesions which lasted for six to seven months, even in the presence of peak titres of antitreponemal antibody. the rate of appearance and resolution of these lesions varied with the size of the inoculum. the infected hamsters' inguinal lymph nodes increased significantly in weight and teemed with treponemes for ... | 1979 | 509189 |
| comparison of selective culture and serologic agglutination of treponema hyodysenteriae for diagnosis of swine dysentery. | samples of faeces and of serum were collected from pigs of various ages on 21 farms. faecal samples were cultured on trypticase soy agar containing 5 per cent citrated bovine blood and 400 micrograms per ml spectinomycin, incubated at 42 degrees c in gaspak jars under an atmosphere of 80 per cent hydrogen: 20 per cent carbon dioxide. antibody titres to treponema hyodysenteriae were determined by a microtitration agglutination method using merthiolate-inactivated whole cell antigen prepared from ... | 1979 | 516340 |
| clinical evaluation of amoxycillin in the treatment of syphilis. | following demonstration of in vitro activity of amoxycillin against treponema pallidum, a clinical research group was set up to study the effects of amoxycillin against various stages of syphilitic infection in men. a total of eighty-nine cases, fifteen primary, twenty-nine secondary, thirty late and fifteen adult congenital patients have been investigated. one hundred per cent effectiveness was recorded for primary and secondary syphilis; 66.7% for late syphilis and 60% success for adult congen ... | 1979 | 520657 |
| pathological observation on experimental swine dysentery. | experimental swine dysentery caused by 4 cultured strains (s73/2, dj183, dj70 and dk762) of treponema hyodysenteriae was studied pathologically. the distribution and quantity of treponemes were examined on tissue sections stained by the warthin-starry method. of the organs the colon contained the largest number of treponemes and the cecum and rectum the second largest number. histopathological lesions were restricted to the large intestine. they ranged from mild catarrhal colitis in the mild cas ... | 1979 | 522890 |
| [immunological reactivity study in latent forms of syphilis]. | | 1979 | 525008 |
| [dynamics of mast and plasma cell distribution in the lymph nodes of a mouse infected with a pathogenic strain of treponema pallidum]. | | 1979 | 525018 |
| immunity to swine dysentery in recovered pigs. | the immune status of 29 pigs recovered from swine dysentery (sd) was evaluated after reexposure to treponema hyodysenteriae. pigs which had recovered from sd and remained asymptomatic for 4 to 6, 9 to 13, and 16 to 17 weeks after initial inoculation were reexposed to 1.5 x 10(9) viable cells of t hyodysenteriae per pig. pigs which had recovered from sd were not shedding t hyodysenteriae, as determined by selective cultural examination of feces, before they were reexposed. of 29 pigs reexposed to ... | 1979 | 525852 |
| pathogenic synergism between treponema hyodysenteriae and other selected anaerobes in gnotobiotic pigs. | gnotobiotic pigs were orally exposed to various anaerobes at 6 to 9 days of age and similarly inoculated with treponema hyodysenteriae b204 3 to 6 days later. watery diarrhea and fecal excretion of large quantities of mucus and some fibrin clots were observed 4 to 20 days after inoculation with b204 if other anaerobes were present. colonic lesions characteristic of swine dysentery were observed when b204 was present with fusobacterium necrophorum, three strains of bacteroides vulgatus, a clostri ... | 1979 | 528047 |
| the peptidoglycan layer of the reiter treponeme as revealed by thin sectioning and freeze-etching techniques. | | 1979 | 528839 |
| [extramembranous glomerulonephritis during congenital syphilis]. | a 3 month old girl with congenital syphilis presented with the nephrotic syndrome due to extra membranous glomerulonephritis. the presence of the first component of the classical pathway of complement activation (c1q) in the glomerular deposits and the antitreponemal antibodies in circulating cryoglobulins (titre 1 : 320) support the hypothesis that immune complexes are responsbile for the glomerulonephritis in congenital syphilis. | 1979 | 533348 |
| sensitivity of treponemes to dimetridazole. | | 1979 | 552746 |
| experimental infection of rabbit ligated ileal loops with treponema hyodysenteriae. | an in vivo animal model was used to assess the enteropathogenicity of the etiological agent (treponema hyodysenteriae) of swine dysentery. multiple ligated ileal loops, prepared in new zealand white rabbits, were challenged with either pathogenic (b78 and b204) or nonpathogenic (pu) isolates of the organism. the pathogenic isolates induced the onset of intestinal fluid accumulation as early as 4 h, with maximal fluid induction at 18 h postchallenge. gross lesions of the intestinal mucosa, observ ... | 1979 | 575109 |
| [treponemal serology in a bi-aka pygmy population of central africa]. | a serologic survey on 196 blood samples (20% of the present population) in a bi-aka pygmean population in central african republic. the survey demonstrated the frequency of the unquestionably positive sera: 79.4% of the studied sera. the existence of 78.5% positive sera in children and the observation of yaws lesions suggest a massive and very probably endemic infestation with treponema pertenue. | 1977 | 579328 |
| [chances of early diagnosis of venereal diseases]. | | 1979 | 583091 |
| observations on syphilis in addis ababa. 2. prevalence and natural history. | sera from various groups were tested for syphilis by cardiolipin, fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorbed (fta-abs), and treponemal haemagglutination (tpha) tests. the proportion of positive results, 12.7%, obtained from an unselected urban population suggested that the prevalence of the disease had declined since 1953. the probable explanation is the widespread use of penicillin. late manifestations of syphilis are much rarer in ethiopia than would be predicted from the high incidence at the i ... | 1977 | 589422 |
| nitroblue tetrazolium test in experimental syphilis. | the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (nbt) by phagocytic leucocytes in peripheral blood has been examined in rabbits injected intratesticularly with treponema pallidum, t. pallidum-free supernatant of orchitic testes, or normal rabbit testes supernatant. a significant (p less than 0.01) increase in nbt reduction was observed only in the infected animals. | 1977 | 589423 |
| in vitro cell response of treponema pallidum-infected rabbits. ii. inhibition of lymphocyte response to phytohaemagglutinin by serum of t. pallidum-infected rabbits. | serum inhibitors of lymphocyte response to pha were found in t. pallidum-infected rabbits. the humoral inhibitors could be detected as early as 10 days after infection and persisted for at least 6 months. the factors also suppressed the allogeneic lymphocyte response. control, or normal, rabbit sera likewise contain serum inhibitors, but in much lower concentration. the detection of the humoral inhibitors depended on the susceptibility of the indicator lymphocytes. cells of some rabbits were mor ... | 1977 | 589866 |
| host response to treponema pallidum infection. i. quantitative changes of lipids in rabbit organs. | levels of phospholipids, glycolipids and cardiolipin were determined in various organs of treponema pallidum-infected rabbits. the phospholipid levels on the second week of infection decreased significantly in the spleen but remained unchanged in other organs. during the same time, glycolipids decreased significantly in both kidney and heart. 3 days after infection, a brief but significant increase of cardiolipin in the spleen was observed. heat-killed t. pallidum but not treponema reiteri cause ... | 1977 | 591110 |
| how reliable is the morphological diagnosis of penile ulcerations? | material from 100 consecutive men who presented with penile ulcerations was tested for a variety of microorganisms. fifty-one patients had microorganisms identified that were considered primary pathogens. the laboratory data were compared with the clinical diagnoses and the diagnostic accuracy and index of suspicion calculated. the diagnostic accuracy for lesions due to treponema pallidum was 77.8%, herpesvirus hominis 62.9% and haemophilis ducreyi 33.3%, whereas the indexes of suspicion were 88 ... | 1977 | 594859 |
| induction of swine dysentery with a pure culture of treponema hyodysenteriae in vitamin e and selenium deficient pigs. | | 1977 | 596333 |
| counter-immunoelectrophoresis in the serological diagnosis of syphilis. | | 1977 | 603379 |
| [whither in the serology of syphilis? (results of international questionnaire on the serology of syphillis) (author's transl)]. | | 1977 | 603931 |
| screening tests for syphilis. a comparison of the treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay with two automated serological tests. | two treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay (tpha) tests (wellcome and fuzizoki) were compared with the automated reagin test and the automated reiter protein complement-fixation test in a routine screening system. the wellcome tpha was shown to lack sensitivity, and it is recommended that it should be used at a lower screening dilution. the fuzizoki tpha recorded a significant number of false positive and false negative results, and was therefore inferior to the fluorescent treponemal antibo ... | 1977 | 606331 |
| a novel pattern of treponemal antibody distribution in isolated south american indian populations. | serologic surveys for treponemal disease were carried out in 1970-1976 among three linguistically distinct and isolated population groups in the brazilian amazon region and among the mapuche indians of southern chile. three patterns were found: 1) no evidence for treponemal infection in two very recently contacted groups; 2) sporadic positive individuals in groups with long periods of contact with non-indian populations; and 3) a high prevalence of positive tests in one cultural group with limit ... | 1978 | 623089 |
| isolation of treponema hyodysenteriae from sources other than swine. | fecal samples were collected from animals and environments on 3 swine farms and cultured for treponema hyodysenteriae. each farm was a farrow-to-finish operation and, at the time of sampling, swine dysentery was enzootic among 8- to 22-week-old pigs. pathogenic t hyodysenteriae was isolated from pigs on all 3 farms. on farm a, nonpathogenic t hyodysenteriae was isolated from a sample of lagoon water. on farm b, pathogenic t hyodysenteriae was isolated from a waste-holding pit. on farm c, a dog w ... | 1978 | 624667 |
| swine dysentery: studies of gnotobiotic pigs inoculated with treponema hyodysenteriae, bacteroides vulgatus, and fusobacterium necrophorum. | transmission experiments were carried out in gnotobiotic pigs to determine whether lesions typical of swine dysentery could be produced by oral inoculation of treponema hyodysenteriae in combination with bacteroides vulgatus or fusobacterium necrophorum, or both. each of the organisms had been isolated from swine with early lesions of the disease. lesions were not found in 6 pigs inoculated with t hyodysenteriae alone, in 4 pigs given f necrophorum and t hyodysenteriae, or in 4 pigs given b vulg ... | 1978 | 624669 |
| [vanished, endemic frambesia; looking back in wonder]. | | 1978 | 628459 |
| syphilis and pelvic inflammatory disease. | since screening every patient in the emergency department for venereal disease is impractical, we hypothesized that patients with the clinical diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (pid) might be at higher risk and a group that should be screened. seventy women with a clinical diagnosis of pid treated in our adult emergency department from july to november 1976 were screened for syphilis using three separate serologic tests: venereal disease research laboratory, fluorescent treponemal antibod ... | 1978 | 633682 |
| [surgeons failure to recognize syphilis in the diagnosis]. | the most typical diagnostic errors occuring in presence of syphilis are shown in this article. it is noted, that a groundless treatment with antibiotics hampers the detection of treponema pallidum. | 1978 | 636170 |
| late benign syphilis of the skin. | two cases of late cutaneous syphilis are presented. after treatment for secondary syphilis in 1957 and retreatment for rising vdrl titers ten years later, one patient had developed a nodular syphilid. the other had several gummas. he had two quantitative nonreactive vdrl tests and a negative treponema pallidum immobilization (tpi) test, but two reactive fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (fta-abs) tests. syphilis was suspected histologically and was confirmed by the specific serologic te ... | 1978 | 644357 |
| transmission of swine dysentery by carrier pigs. | swine dysentery (sd) was transmitted to healthy pigs by contact with experimentally-induced carrier pigs. carrier pigs were produced by exposure of specific pathogen-free (spf) swine to swine acutely affected with sd. when carrier pigs became acutely affected with sd, they were allowed to recover naturally or were treated with dimetridazole or ronidazole. recovery was based on disappearance of clinical signs of sd. at a given time after recovery, normal spf swine were housed with the carriers in ... | 1978 | 666087 |
| [spirochetes: coiling direction]. | on electron micrographs of spirochetes, the axial fibers are alternatively visible and hidden, i.e. above then under the cytoplasmic cylinder. from this observation the sense of coiling can be inferred. leptospires are right-handed structures. so are other spirochetes, but it is less conspicuous. the opposite, however, appears on most published photographs and on schematic drawings. the explanation would be that the preparation introduced into the electron microscope was not facing the photograp ... | 1978 | 666219 |
| a bacteriophage for treponema hyodysenteriae. | | 1978 | 685100 |
| factors affecting the survival of treponema hyodysenteriae in dysenteric pig faeces. | treponema hyodysenteriae was found to survive for periods of up to 48 days in dysenteric pig faeces stored at temperatures between 0 degree c and 10 degree c inclusive. survival was reduced to seven days at 25 degree c and did not exceed 24 hours at 37 degree c. dilution 1:10 with tapwater appeared to enhance survival to a maximum of 61 days at 5 degree c but further dilution reduced it. drying and exposure to disinfectants rapidly eliminated t hyodysenteriae from dysenteric faeces. phenolic and ... | 1978 | 685104 |
| passive transfer of resistance to frambesial infection in hamsters. | the immune mechanism by which hamsters acquire resistance to infection with treponema pertenue, the causative agent of frambesia, or yaws, has not been elucidated. serum or cells (spleen or lymph node) obtained from hamsters resistant to frambesial infection were transferred to normal syngenic recipients, who are subsequently infected with t. pertenue. the following parameters were used to measure the ability of immune serum of cells to confer resistance on recipient hamsters to frambesial infec ... | 1978 | 689730 |