| [role of soybean proteins in human nutrition (review)]. | review. the analysis of a protein nutrition of russia's population during last five years and ways of its rationalization are presented. the scientific background for prosperity of using of soy bean proteins, products of their processing and existing of products and half-finished products received from soy is given. experimental data on biological value and bioavailability of soy bean proteins and results of clinical evaluation of curative and preventive effects of these various soy products are ... | 1995 | 8533388 |
| influenza a virus subtype h5n1 infection in humans. | | 1997 | 9447788 |
| could virulent virus be harbinger of 'new flu'? | | 1998 | 9450695 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. isolation of avian influenza a(h5n1) viruses from humans--hong kong, may-december 1997. | | 1998 | 9450697 |
| sequence offers clues to deadly flu. | | 1998 | 9454326 |
| evenoming by bungarus multicinctus (many-banded krait) in hong kong. | we describe the clinical course of two cases of envenoming by the many-banded krait (bungarus multicinctus). a man developed generalized paralysis and respiratory failure with transient hypertension. nerve conduction studies revealed normal motor and sensory conduction velocities with reduced motor unit action potential amplitudes consistent with neuromuscular blockade. he showed a slight transient response to the banded krait (b. fasciatus) antivenom but required ventilatory support for 8 days. ... | 1995 | 8544231 |
| refining the estimate of the critical period for susceptibility to enamel fluorosis in human maxillary central incisors. | the purpose of this study was to determine an improved estimate of the critical period for susceptibility to fluorosis in human maxillary central incisors. | 1995 | 8551464 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. update: isolation of avian influenza a(h5n1) viruses from humans--hong kong, 1997-1998. | | 1998 | 9459456 |
| sequence analysis of htlv-1 provirus associated with adult t-cell leukemia/lymphoma in hong kong. | | 1996 | 8571947 |
| influenza a virus subtype h5n1 infection in hong kong--update. | | 1998 | 9476418 |
| human papillomavirus infection in hong kong chinese women with normal and abnormal cervix--detection by polymerase chain reaction method on cervical scrapes. | detection of human papillomavirus (hpv) was accomplished by utilizing polymerase chain reaction methods on cervical scrapes from a total of 488 hong kong chinese women attending the colposcopy, general, and antenatal clinics. from colposcopy clinic, 10% of normal cervix, 31% of condyloma, 56, 50, and 57% of cin i, cin ii, and cin iii, respectively, and 88% of squamous cell carcinoma contain hpv. the overall detection rate is 30%. the most prevalent type is 16. four percent of scrapes from normal ... | 1996 | 8631541 |
| the dopamine transporter gene and parkinson's disease in a chinese population. | we studied a variable number tandem repeat polymorphism within the dopamine transporter gene (dat) for an association with parkinson's disease in a chinese population. five alleles were detected, consisting of 6, 8, 9, 10, and 11 copies of the 40 base pair repeat sequence. the 10-copy allele was most common, accounting for 90% of alleles. there were no significant differences between the patients and the control subjects in the distribution frequencies of the alleles or genotypes. therefore, thi ... | 1997 | 9409349 |
| critical incident reporting in an anaesthetic department quality assurance programme. | the critical incident technique was introduced as an additional form of quality assurance to an anaesthetic department of a major hong kong teaching hospital. in one year, 125 critical incidents were reported from over 16,000 anaesthetics. the most common incidents reported concerned the airway, breathing systems, and drug administration, with inadequate checking of equipment a frequent associated factor. human error was a factor in 80% of incidents. critical incidents were reported for the time ... | 1993 | 8434743 |
| avian influenza. | | 1998 | 9484264 |
| isolation of avian influenza a(h5n1) viruses from humans--hong kong, may-december 1997. | a strain of influenza virus that previously was known to infect only birds has been associated with infection and illness in humans in hong kong. the first known human case of influenza type a(h5n1) occurred in a 3-year-old child who died from respiratory failure in may 1997. in hong kong, the virus initially was identified as influenza type a, but the subtype could not be determined using standard reagents. by august, cdc; the national influenza center, rotterdam, the netherlands; and the natio ... | 1997 | 9414153 |
| characterization of an avian influenza a (h5n1) virus isolated from a child with a fatal respiratory illness. | an avian h5n1 influenza a virus (a/hong kong/156/97) was isolated from a tracheal aspirate obtained from a 3-year-old child in hong kong with a fatal illness consistent with influenza. serologic analysis indicated the presence of an h5 hemagglutinin. all eight rna segments were derived from an avian influenza a virus. the hemagglutinin contained multiple basic amino acids adjacent to the cleavage site, a feature characteristic of highly pathogenic avian influenza a viruses. the virus caused 87.5 ... | 1998 | 9430591 |
| update: isolation of avian influenza a(h5n1) viruses from humans--hong kong, 1997-1998. | as of january 6, 1998, a total of 16 confirmed and three suspected cases of human infection with avian influenza a(h5n1) viruses have been identified in hong kong. confirmed cases are those from which an influenza a(h5n1) virus was isolated or in which a seroconversion to influenza a(h5n1) virus was detected by a neutralization assay. suspected cases are those with influenza-like illness (ili) and preliminary laboratory evidence of influenza a(h5n1) infection. this report summarizes interim find ... | 1998 | 9436713 |
| identification of mutations in seven chinese patients with x-linked chronic granulomatous disease. | x-linked chronic granulomatous disease (cgd) is due to mutations in the gp91phox gene on xp21.1. studies in white and japanese x-linked cgd patients have shown mutations in nearly every exon. we studied the molecular defect of seven chinese patients with x-linked cgd from six unrelated families. mutations were located by single-strand conformation polymorphism and then defined by sequence analysis. the mutations were two different amino acid substitutions, a nonsense mutation, an in-frame trinuc ... | 1996 | 8916969 |
| improvements in anaesthetic care resulting from a critical incident reporting programme. | the rôle of an anaesthetic incident reporting programme in improving anaesthetic safety was studied. the programme had been running for 4 to 5 years in three large hospitals in hong kong and more than 1000 incidents have been reported. the number of reports being made and frequency of the various categories of incident reported, did not alter during the study period. sixty nine percent of incidents were considered to be preventable. human error contributed to 76% of incidents and violations of s ... | 1996 | 8758151 |
| a disaster drill in hong kong. | this case report relates the course of a disaster drill held on 19 august 1994 in a regional acute hospital (pamela youde nethersole eastern hospital) in hong kong. the hospital civil disaster contingency plan (the plan) was put to trial on that day. volunteers were invited to become simulated casualties in the exercise. briefing seminars had been conducted with clinicians of the accident and emergency department (a & e) and other departments of the hospital. the scenario was a man-made type dis ... | 1997 | 9069733 |
| specific latent membrane protein 1 gene sequences in type 1 and type 2 epstein-barr virus from nasopharyngeal carcinoma in hong kong. | we reported previously that a characteristic epstein-barr virus latent membrane protein 1 (ebv-lmp1) gene was associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) in hong kong. it showed a 30 bp deletion at the carboxyl terminus with specific amino acid substitution asp at codon 335 with reference to gly in b95-8 lmp1. this deletion variant asp335 was present in over 90% of npc biopsy specimens. the present study attempted to determine the whole encoding sequence of the lmp1 gene in different ebv isol ... | 1998 | 9579578 |
| haemophilia and hiv infection in hong kong. | this is a retrospective study of the problems faced and support received by hiv (human immunodeficiency virus) infected haemophilia patients in hong kong. between december 1984 and december 1994, 63 patients were detected to be hiv positive, out of a total of 231 haemophiliacs screened. infection could be traced back to before august 1985, when safer heat-treated clotting factors were not yet available. psychosocial impacts were obvious in this group of patients because of the double blow of hiv ... | 1996 | 8827127 |
| emerging pathogens: the hong kong experience. | | 1997 | 9594216 |
| chromosomal 11 alterations in non-small-cell lung carcinomas in hong kong. | we examined 60 non-small-cell lung cancer (nsclc) patients for evidence of genetic alterations on chromosome 11 with nine polymorphic markers by southern blot and microsatellite marker analysis. these analyses detected genetic alterations at both the 11p and 11q arms. at the 11p15 ha-ras locus, the loss of heterozygosity (loh) occurred in three out of 11 (27.3%) of the informative cases; at the 11p11-q12 d11s149 locus, the loh occurred in two out of nine (22.2%) of the informative cases; and at ... | 1996 | 8865123 |
| coming full circle: osteopathic manipulative treatment and immunity. | | 1998 | 9594483 |
| [influenza a(h5n1): current status]. | | 1998 | 9599174 |
| use of dizygotic to monozygotic twinning ratio as a measure of fertility. | monozygotic (mz, identical) twinning occurs at a rate of around three per 1000 maternities in all populations, whereas dizygotic (dz, fraternal) twinning is highly heritable, and varies with age and race. the dz/mz twinning ratio reflects the frequency of twin ovulations, and can provide a useful measure of human fertility. | 1997 | 9121260 |
| hong kong male subfertility links to mercury in human hair and fish. | the focus of the present study was on the relationship between hong kong male subfertility and fish consumption. mercury concentrations found in the hair of 159 hong kong males aged 25-72 (mean age = 37 years) was positively correlated with age and was significantly higher in hong kong subjects than in european and finnish subjects (1.2 and 2.1 ppm, respectively). mercury in the hair of 117 subfertile hong kong males (4.5 ppm, p < 0.05) was significantly higher than mercury levels found in hair ... | 1998 | 9646524 |
| a pilot study on the measurement of central posterior corneal radius in hong kong chinese using purkinje image technique. | the central posterior corneal radius was measured by assessing the first and second purkinje images produced from a modified keratometer. this method was initially assessed by measuring five pmma lens buttons with back surface radii from 6.2 mm to 7.0 mm. it was reasonably accurate when compared with the measurements made using a conventional radiuscope. the technique was found to be repeatable for human subjects measured on three separate occasions. the mean central posterior corneal radii from ... | 1997 | 9135815 |
| critical incident reporting in the intensive care unit. | critical incident reporting was introduced into the intensive care unit (icu) as part of the development of a quality assurance programme within our department. over a 3-year period 281 critical incidents were reported. factors relating to causation, detection and prevention of critical incidents were sought. detection of a critical incident in over 50% of cases resulted from direct observation of the patient while monitoring systems accounted for a further 27%. no physiological changes were obs ... | 1997 | 9165956 |
| human influenza virus a/hongkong/156/97 (h5n1) infection. | introduction of influenza viruses with gene segments of avian origin into the human population may result in the emergence of new pathogenic human influenza viruses. the recent infection of a 3-year-old boy with an influenza a (h5n1) virus of avian origin can be considered as an example of such an event. however, this virus, influenza a/hong kong/156/97 (h5n1) and the 17 additional h5n1 viruses isolated from humans by the end of 1997 lack the ability to spread efficiently amongst humans and ther ... | 1998 | 9682346 |
| urban teleradiology in hong kong. | we investigated four major teleradiology programmes in hong kong. we analysed the overall organizational background of each programme, the context of its implementation, the choice of technology and the decision-making process, and the subsequent dissemination of the technology. our review suggests that the success of a telemedicine programme is contingent not only on good technology but also on effective management of issues pertaining to human and organizational factors. at the departmental le ... | 1997 | 9206276 |
| [bronchopneumonia caused by neisseria meningitidis--probable transmission by a family member who had been in hong kong]. | a 22-year-old man came to our hospital complaining of bloody sputum. no abnormalities were seen on a chest x-ray film, but computed tomography of the chest showed infiltrates in the middle and lower lung fields. neisseria meningitidis was isolated from cultured samples of naso pharyngeal secretions, from sputum, and from a sample obtained during bronchoscopy; bacterial bronchopneumonia was diagnosed. family members were studied for meningococcal infection, and the bacterium was cultured from a n ... | 1997 | 9212675 |
| the flu pandemic that might have been. | | 1997 | 9312852 |
| breast milk fatty acid composition: a comparative study between hong kong and chongqing chinese. | the fatty acids of milk samples obtained from 51 hong kong chinese and 33 chongqing chinese (si chuan province, china) were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography. compared with those of published data for canadian and other western countries, the chinese milk from both hong kong and chongqing contained higher levels of longer-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, particularly docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3) and arachidonic acid (20:4n-6). in contrast, the content of trans fatty acids in the chinese ... | 1997 | 9358432 |
| patterns of viral hepatitis in hong kong. | viral hepatitis is the most common form of acute or chronic hepatitis in hong kong. this article outlines current patterns of viral hepatitis in hong kong, and discusses the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of the different forms of the disease. | 1997 | 9373408 |
| laboratory containment for influenza a h5n1 virus: level 2, level 3, or level 3+? | the recent alert over bird flu (influenza a h5n1) in hong kong has ruffled feathers in some countries, including the united kingdom, as to how the virus should be handled in clinical and research laboratories. | 1998 | 9718852 |
| detection of trisomy 3 in primary gastric b-cell lymphoma by using chromosome in situ hybridization on paraffin sections. | recent studies in western populations have shown that trisomy 3 is the most frequent chromosomal abnormality in primary gastric lymphoma (pgl). to study the incidence of trisomy 3 and its implications for the pathogenesis of pgl in hong kong, we have applied the technique of chromosome in situ hybridization in 13 cases of pgl by using archival paraffin-embedded tissue sections. five cases of chronic gastritis were used as controls. trisomy 3 was found in 9 (69%) of 13 cases, including cases of l ... | 1998 | 9728610 |
| bird flu vaccine. | | 1998 | 9735000 |
| influenza. | | 1996 | 8901336 |
| proposed cd4(+) t-cell criteria for staging human immunodeficiency virus-infected chinese adults. | the present treatment, prophylaxis, and prognostic staging of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) disease rely heavily on peripheral cd4(+) t lymphocyte (cd4) changes. we correlated the clinical course of events and cd4 changes among consecutive hiv-infected ethnic chinese adults in hong kong. using death as end point, the estimated proportion survival and death incidences were used to compare cdc and proposed staging criteria based on stratified baseline cd4. a separate set of baseline cd4 per m ... | 1998 | 9756719 |
| nasopharyngeal carcinoma research in hong kong in the past decade. | to review the research carried out in hong kong on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) over the past 10 years. | 1997 | 9772411 |
| charles bonnet syndrome with major depression in a chinese middle-aged man. | to describe a middle-aged patient with charles bonnet syndrome (cbs) suffering from concurrent major depression. | 1997 | 9400886 |
| human influenza a h5n1 virus related to a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus. | in may, 1997, a 3-year-old boy in hong kong was admitted to the hospital and subsequently died from influenza pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, reye's syndrome, multiorgan failure, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. an influenza a h5n1 virus was isolated from a tracheal aspirate of the boy. preceding this incident, avian influenza outbreaks of high mortality were reported from three chicken farms in hong kong, and the virus involved was also found to be of the h5 subtype. | 1998 | 9482438 |
| chinese avian influenza. | | 1998 | 9487160 |
| investigators present latest findings on hong kong 'bird flu' to the fda. | | 1998 | 9496966 |
| new strain of influenza type a in hong kong. | | 1998 | 9510116 |
| g209a mutation in the alpha-synuclein gene is rare and not associated with sporadic parkinson's disease. | | 1998 | 9827625 |
| experiences in hong kong with the theory and practice of the albumin column method of sperm separation for sex selection. | controversy still surrounds the human serum albumin (hsa) method for separation of x- and y-bearing human spermatozoa. there is doubt about whether the procedure does enrich sperm samples for the chosen sex chromosome. we have applied the hsa separation method in a clinic in hong kong, using the method as described by ericsson et al. [nature, 246, 421-424 (1973)] taking care to keep the sperm recovery to <5% of the initial number. aliquots of separated spermatozoa were examined for x- and y-bear ... | 1998 | 9512247 |
| emerging infectious diseases attract expert attention. | | 1998 | 9525378 |
| development of an anthropometric database for hong kong chinese cad operators. | with the increasing popularity of using computer-aided design (cad) in hong kong, it is time to look into the design of a suitable workplace for the cad operators working in the industries. this can be achieved by applying anthropometric data into the design for enhancing performance and reducing musculoskeletal problems. in order to avoid any mismatches in anthropometric dimensions, which is believed to be one of the main causes of fatigue and occupational illness among workers, in the workplac ... | 1996 | 9551130 |
| update: isolation of avian influenza a(h5n1) viruses from human beings--hong kong, 1997-1998. | | 1998 | 9581152 |
| assisted reproduction technology in queen mary hospital: ten years' experience. | to review the experience of an assisted reproduction program. | 1997 | 9594245 |
| [the threat of an influenza pandemic]. | | 1998 | 9611870 |
| microsatellite instability, epstein-barr virus, mutation of type ii transforming growth factor beta receptor and bax in gastric carcinomas in hong kong chinese. | microsatellite instability (mi), the phenotypic manifestation of mismatch repair failure, is found in a proportion of gastric carcinomas. little is known of the links between mi and epstein-barr virus (ebv) status and clinicopathological elements. examination of genes mutated through the mi mechanism could also be expected to reveal important information on the carcinogenic pathway. seventy-nine gastric carcinomas (61 ebv negative, 18 ebv positive) from local hong kong chinese population, an int ... | 1999 | 10027334 |
| comparisons of highly virulent h5n1 influenza a viruses isolated from humans and chickens from hong kong. | genes of an influenza a (h5n1) virus from a human in hong kong isolated in may 1997 were sequenced and found to be all avian-like (k. subbarao et al., science 279:393-395, 1998). gene sequences of this human isolate were compared to those of a highly pathogenic chicken h5n1 influenza virus isolated from hong kong in april 1997. sequence comparisons of all eight rna segments from the two viruses show greater than 99% sequence identity between them. however, neither isolate's gene sequence was clo ... | 1998 | 9658115 |
| rapid evolution of h5n1 influenza viruses in chickens in hong kong. | the h5n1 avian influenza virus that killed 6 of 18 persons infected in hong kong in 1997 was transmitted directly from poultry to humans. viral isolates from this outbreak may provide molecular clues to zoonotic transfer. here we demonstrate that the h5n1 viruses circulating in poultry comprised two distinguishable phylogenetic lineages in all genes that were in very rapid evolution. when introduced into new hosts, influenza viruses usually undergo rapid alteration of their surface glycoproteins ... | 1999 | 10074191 |
| second-trimester maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotrophin screening for down's syndrome in hong kong. | second-trimester maternal serum screening for fetal down's syndrome is well established in many western countries. its usefulness and acceptability is unknown in the asian countries. between june 1994 and december 1996, we offered second-trimester serum afp and hcg screening to pregnant women in hong kong who were less than 35 years old and without other risk factors for chromosome abnormalities. each woman was assigned a risk of having a down's syndrome term pregnancy by using a computer softwa ... | 1998 | 9664604 |
| [h 5 n1 avian influenza in hong kong]. | | 1998 | 10078053 |
| lack of allelic association of dopamine d4 receptor gene polymorphisms with parkinson's disease in a chinese population. | parkinson's disease (pd) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by a multitude of environmental, neurochemical, and genetic factors. the gene for human dopamine d4 receptor (drd4) has been considered as a plausible candidate for the pathogenesis of pd. different dopamine d4 receptor allelic forms have variable affinity toward certain neuroleptics such as clozapine, suggesting a role for dopamine d4 receptors in neurologic disorders. to test the hypothesis that the drd4 polymorphism is associated ... | 1999 | 10091613 |
| [influenza remains an unpredictable infection]. | influenza virus a (h5n1) was isolated from the tracheal swab of a 3-year-old boy who died from influenza with the raye syndrome in hong kong in may, 1997. up to the present time, influenza viruses with hemagglutinin h5 were known to circulate only among birds. they caused a variety of diseases: from asymptomatic to epizootic with 100% mortality, particularly among chickens. the main difference between virulent and avirulent strains is as follows: virulent viruses are isolated from all tissues of ... | 1998 | 9702816 |
| influenza a virus subtype h5n1 infection in humans: update. | | 1997 | 9458573 |
| parvovirus b19 infection in hong kong. | human parvovirus b19 is a small dna virus that can cause a number of diseases, notably erythema infectiosum in children, and aplastic crisis in patients with chronic haemolytic disorders. with the availability of serological tests for parvovirus infection, much is known about the prevalence of this virus in the western population. however, there have not been any data on the epidemiological pattern of parvovirus b19 infection in hong kong and its surrounding region. in this report we have studie ... | 1997 | 9459396 |
| avian influenza results in depopulation in hong kong. | | 1998 | 9470033 |
| influenza as a zoonosis: how likely is a pandemic? | | 1998 | 9482431 |
| clinical features and rapid viral diagnosis of human disease associated with avian influenza a h5n1 virus. | human infection with an avian influenza a virus (subtype h5n1) was reported recently in hong kong. we describe the clinical presentation of the first 12 patients and options for rapid viral diagnosis. | 1998 | 9482437 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of oral isolates of enterobacter cloacae and klebsiella pneumoniae from a southern chinese population. | the antibiotic susceptibilities of 59 enterobacter cloacae and 39 klebsiella pneumoniae human oral isolates collected from a southern chinese population in hong kong were investigated for their susceptibility to eight antibiotics: ampicillin, cephalothin, cefuroxime, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole using the e-test method for direct quantification of minimum inhibitory concentrations. most strains were sensitive to all antibiotics except amp ... | 1998 | 9807124 |
| case-control study of risk factors for avian influenza a (h5n1) disease, hong kong, 1997. | in may 1997, a 3-year-old boy in hong kong died of a respiratory illness related to influenza a (h5n1) virus infection, the first known human case of disease from this virus. an additional 17 cases followed in november and december. a case-control study of 15 of these patients hospitalized for influenza a (h5n1) disease was conducted using controls matched by age, sex, and neighborhood to determine risk factors for disease. exposure to live poultry (by visiting either a retail poultry stall or a ... | 1999 | 10395870 |
| characterization of influenza a/hongkong/156/97 (h5n1) virus in a mouse model and protective effect of zanamivir on h5n1 infection in mice. | a recent outbreak of influenza in hong kong was caused by a highly virulent virus of avian origin. concern that the appearance of such a virus in the human population may be a harbinger of a new pandemic has brought increased attention to the issue of antivirals available for treatment of influenza. a/hongkong/156/97 (h5n1), the first virus of h5n1 subtype isolated from a human host, is highly virulent in the mouse model and can infect mouse lungs without requiring adaptation. high mortality and ... | 1998 | 9815209 |
| pallister-killian syndrome: the first reported case in hong kong. | pallister-killian syndrome was first described in 1977 by pallister, et al. it is a multiple congenital anomalies/mental retardation syndrome caused by mosaic tetrasomy of chromosome 12p. the chromosomal abnormality is often missed if only peripheral lymphocytes are examined, and bone marrow or cultured skin fibroblasts may be required for confirmation. here we report the first case in hong kong. | 1998 | 9823681 |
| mantle cell lymphoma in the chinese: clinicopathological features and treatment outcome. | we report the clinical, molecular, and immunohistological findings of 20 chinese patients with mantle cell lymphoma diagnosed over a 10-year period. the disease affected mainly elderly patients (median age, 65.5 years) with a male predominance (m/f, 3/1). eighty percent presented with advanced stage iii/iv disease but only 25% had b symptoms. eighty-five percent had extranodal disease at presentation. complete remission (cr) and partial remission (pr) were achieved in 45% and 40% of the patients ... | 1998 | 9840910 |
| no evidence for allelic association of a human ctla-4 promoter polymorphism with autoimmune thyroid disease in either population-based case-control or family-based studies. | the cytotoxic t lymphocyte associated-4 (ctla-4) gene is a candidate for t-cell mediated autoimmune disease and polymorphism has been reported to be associated with both type 1 diabetes and autoimmune thyroid disease. a previously unreported polymorphism of the promoter region of the human ctla-4 gene has recently been described in a sample of a normal control population. we investigated the distribution of this polymorphism, situated at position -318 to the atg start codon and resulting in a c- ... | 1998 | 9861324 |
| characterization of avian h5n1 influenza viruses from poultry in hong kong. | the transmission of avian h5n1 influenza viruses to 18 humans in hong kong in 1997 with six deaths established that avian influenza viruses can transmit to and cause lethal infection in humans. this report characterizes the antigenic and biological properties of the h5n1 influenza viruses isolated from chickens, ducks, and geese from farms and poultry markets in hong kong during 1997 and compares them with those of virus isolated from the index human case. each of the h5n1 viruses from hong kong ... | 1998 | 9878612 |
| the surface glycoproteins of h5 influenza viruses isolated from humans, chickens, and wild aquatic birds have distinguishable properties. | in 1997, 18 confirmed cases of human influenza arising from multiple independent transmissions of h5n1 viruses from infected chickens were reported from hong kong. to identify possible phenotypic changes in the hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na) of the h5 viruses during interspecies transfer, we compared the receptor-binding properties and na activities of the human and chicken h5n1 isolates from hong kong and of h5n3 and h5n1 viruses from wild aquatic birds. all h5n1 viruses, including t ... | 1999 | 9882316 |
| characterization of the surface proteins of influenza a (h5n1) viruses isolated from humans in 1997-1998. | influenza a (h5n1) viruses infected humans in hong kong between may and december, 1997. sixteen viruses, including 6 from fatal cases, were isolated during this outbreak. molecular analysis of the surface proteins genes encoding the hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na) of these h5n1 isolates, of a subtype not previously known to infect humans, are presented. the 16 human h5 ha sequences contain multiple basic amino acids adjacent to the cleavage site, a motif associated with highly pathogen ... | 1999 | 9927579 |
| plasma insulin, growth hormone, cortisol, and central obesity among young chinese type 2 diabetic patients. | to examine the relationships between central obesity, insulin resistance index, plasma insulin, growth hormone (gh), and cortisol concentrations in 90 young chinese type 2 diabetic patients (aged 33+/-5 years) and 104 age- and sex-matched control subjects (aged 32+/-9 years). | 1999 | 10480508 |
| l-myc genotypes in hong kong chinese colorectal carcinoma patients. | l-myc genotypes have been correlated with prognosis in different human tumors. its role in colorectal carcinoma (crc) is still unclear. this study aimed to assess the l-myc genotypes in 99 hong kong chinese crc patients by pcr-rflp techniques. the results obtained were correlated with clinical, histological and pathological parameters and genetic alterations. the observed frequency of l-myc genotypes (ll:ls:ss) was 27:46:26. the ratio of s to l alleles was 0.51:0.49. distribution of l-myc genoty ... | 1999 | 10023018 |
| human infection with influenza h9n2. | we report the clinical features of two cases of human infection with influenza a virus subtype h9n2 in hong kong, and show that serum samples from blood donors in hong kong had neutralising antibody suggestive of prior infection with influenza h9n2. | 1999 | 10489954 |
| pancreatic solid-cystic-papillary tumor: clinicopathologic features in eight patients from hong kong and review of the literature. | solid-cystic-papillary tumors (scpts) of the pancreas are rare. the clinicopathologic features and pathogenesis of these tumors have attracted a number of investigations, but the results remain unclear. we investigated the clinicopathologic data, immunohistochemical expression of the pan-endocrine markers, hormones, steroid receptors, and p53 overexpression in pancreatic scpts from eight chinese patients (seven women, one man) collected over a 24-year period. they accounted for 2.5% of the prima ... | 1999 | 10512945 |
| biological heterogeneity, including systemic replication in mice, of h5n1 influenza a virus isolates from humans in hong kong. | an h5n1 avian influenza a virus was transmitted to humans in hong kong in 1997. although the virus causes systemic infection and is highly lethal in chickens because of the susceptibility of the hemagglutinin to furin and pc6 proteases, it is not known whether it also causes systemic infection in humans. the clinical outcomes of infection in hong kong residents ranged widely, from mild respiratory disease to multiple organ failure leading to death. therefore, to understand the pathogenesis of in ... | 1999 | 10074171 |
| detection of antibody to avian influenza a (h5n1) virus in human serum by using a combination of serologic assays. | from may to december 1997, 18 cases of mild to severe respiratory illness caused by avian influenza a (h5n1) viruses were identified in hong kong. the emergence of an avian virus in the human population prompted an epidemiological investigation to determine the extent of human-to-human transmission of the virus and risk factors associated with infection. the hemagglutination inhibition (hi) assay, the standard method for serologic detection of influenza virus infection in humans, has been shown ... | 1999 | 10074505 |
| hiv-associated eosinophilic folliculitis in a chinese woman: a case report and a survey in hong kong. | this is the first survey of eosinophilic folliculitis (ef) in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in hong kong. the present report provides the local data on hiv-associated eosinophilic folliculitis (hiv-ef) and includes the first chinese, heterosexual female patient with this condition. this is a retrospective study on all hiv-positive patients (n = 451) attending the outpatient clinic of the aids unit in hong kong. patients diagnosed as having ef with histological sup ... | 1998 | 9702601 |
| requirements for the electronic crossmatch. | with the integration of laboratory information systems into transfusion services, it is now possible to develop standard operating procedures (sops) for an electronic crossmatch (exm) to replace the immediate-spin crossmatch for detecting abo incompatibility between the blood sample submitted for pre-transfusion testing and the donor unit selected for transfusion. essential to the safety of an exm are requirements that: 1) the computer contains logic to prevent assignment and release of abo inco ... | 1998 | 9704475 |
| influenza a(h5n1). | | 1998 | 9707895 |
| mercury and organochlorine exposure from fish consumption in hong kong. | the average person in hong kong consumes fish or shellfish four or more times a week averaging about 60 kg of fish per year. even though the mean mercury level in store-bought hong kong fish was only 0.12 mg/kg, corroborating evidence is presented from numerous studies to support the view that mercury bioaccumulates. by the time a typical hong kong male reaches 30 years of age he will have accumulated approximately 4 mg/kg mercury in his hair. by age 60, his hair mercury levels will have increas ... | 1998 | 9717248 |
| [influenza a (h5n1) in hong kong: forerunner of a pandemic or just a scientifically interesting phenomenon and a useful exercise in pandemiology?]. | in 1997, 18 influenza patients were detected who were infected with influenza a(h5n1) virus. six patients died. presumably most of the patients had acquired the infection directly from chickens with the fowl plague prevalent in china in 1997. these are the first reported cases of isolation of influenza viruses belonging to one of the h4-h15 subtypes from human influenza patients. man-to-man transmission of the virus has not been demonstrated but cannot be excluded in every case. genetic analyses ... | 1998 | 9749297 |
| influenza a pandemics of the 20th century with special reference to 1918: virology, pathology and epidemiology. | influenza a virus initiated worldwide epidemics (pandemics) in 1918, 1957, 1968 and 1977. a revised calculation of the 1918-1919 pandemic estimates that 40 million persons died and 500 million were infected. the mortalities in 1957 and 1968 were nearly 6 million. biological and genetic characteristics of the causative agents of the more recent pandemics, have been well studied but little is known about the causative agent of the great pandemic in 1918. genetic characterisation of the 1918 virus ... | 2000 | 10713598 |
| incidence and pathology of primary brain lymphoma in hong kong chinese patients. | primary brain lymphoma (pbl) is an uncommon extranodal lymphoma. its incidence is rapidly increasing in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients in western countries. eighteen cases of pbl were identified during a 16-year period among hiv negative patients in queen mary hospital, hong kong. one case of post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disease (ptld) was positive for epstein barr virus (ebv) encoded rna (eber) by in situ hybridization. all the remaining 17 immunocompetent cases ... | 2000 | 10721783 |
| family capital and hong kong adolescents' academic achievement. | this study examined relationships between the economic, human, social, and cultural capital of families and adolescents' academic achievement. data were collected from 387 14-yr.-old hong kong students (187 girls, 200 boys), who completed questionnaires to assess their perceptions of the various dimensions of family capital. academic achievement was measured by performance in chinese language, english language, and mathematics. the findings indicated that different combinations of the dimensions ... | 1998 | 9775666 |
| incident reporting in acute pain management. | incident reporting is an effective tool for continuous quality improvement in clinical practice. a prospective study on voluntary incident reporting in pain management was conducted at a major teaching hospital in hong kong. over a 12-month period, 53 incidents were reported in 1275 patients who received pain relief treatments which were supervised by the acute pain service. the majority of the incidents were first detected by the pain team. the most common incidents involved delivery circuits, ... | 1998 | 9797515 |
| frequent microsatellite instability and mismatch repair gene mutations in young chinese patients with colorectal cancer. | the incidence of colorectal cancer in persons under 46 years of age is substantially higher in hong kong than in scotland and many other countries. consequently, we examined whether there is a hereditary predisposition for colorectal cancer in this southern chinese population. | 1999 | 10413423 |
| global epidemiology of influenza: past and present. | pandemics are the most dramatic presentation of influenza. three have occurred in the twentieth century: the 1918 h1n1 pandemic, the 1957 h2n2 pandemic, and the 1968 h3n2 pandemic. the tools of molecular epidemiology have been applied in an attempt to determine the origin of pandemic viruses and to understand what made them such successful pathogens. an excellent example of this avenue of research is the recent phylogenetic analysis of genes of the virus that caused the devastating 1918 pandemic ... | 2000 | 10774473 |
| antigenic and genetic analyses of h5 influenza viruses isolated from ducks in asia. | the hemagglutinin (ha) of six h5 influenza virus strains isolated from ducks in japan and china in 1976 to 1996 were analyzed antigenically and genetically. antigenic analysis using a panel of monoclonal antibodies revealed that the ha of h5 influenza viruses isolated from ducks are antigenically closely related to each other. phylogenetic analysis indicates that the isolates from ducks in hokkaido were derived from an ancestor common with the highly pathogenic isolates from chickens and humans ... | 1999 | 10414025 |
| low yield of chest radiography in screening for active pulmonary tuberculosis in hiv-infected patients in hong kong. | this study assessed the usefulness of routine chest radiography for detecting active pulmonary tuberculosis in persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) without suggestive symptoms in hong kong. tuberculosis is common in this locality and tuberculosis/hiv co-infection has been a frequent and significant problem. records of patients attending the largest hiv clinic were reviewed. three hundred and eleven routine chest radiographs were performed among 191 hiv-infected patients with ... | 1999 | 10414885 |
| post-mortem investigations on stranded dolphins and porpoises from hong kong waters. | stranded cetaceans reported from the territorial waters of hong kong during the period may 1993 to march 1998 were examined to establish factors that may have contributed to their death. during the current study, 28 indo-pacific hump-backed dolphins (sousa chinensis), 32 finless porpoises (neophocaena phocaenoides), and four bottlenose dolphins (tursiops truncatus) were necropsied. bacteria (15 species) were isolated from nine animals. of these bacteria, 47% were of possible fecal origin reflect ... | 2000 | 10813617 |
| oral colonization, phenotypic, and genotypic profiles of candida species in irradiated, dentate, xerostomic nasopharyngeal carcinoma survivors. | the aim of this study was to investigate oral yeast colonization and oral yeast strain diversity in irradiated (head and neck), dentate, xerostomic individuals. subjects were recruited from a nasopharyngeal carcinoma clinic and were segregated into group a (age, <60 years [n = 25; average age +/- standard deviation (sd), 48 +/- 6 years; average postirradiation time +/- sd, 5 +/- 5 years]) and group b (age, >/=60 years [n = 8; average age +/- sd, 67 +/- 4 years; average postirradiation time +/- s ... | 2000 | 10834980 |
| molecular characterization of h9n2 influenza viruses: were they the donors of the "internal" genes of h5n1 viruses in hong kong? | the origin of the h5n1 influenza viruses that killed six of eighteen infected humans in 1997 and were highly pathogenic in chickens has not been resolved. these h5n1 viruses transmitted directly to humans from infected poultry. in the poultry markets in hong kong, both h5n1 and h9n2 influenza viruses were cocirculating, raising the possibility of genetic reassortment. here we analyze the antigenic and genetic features of h9n2 influenza viruses with different epidemiological backgrounds. the resu ... | 1999 | 10430948 |
| the clinicopathological significance of p21 and p53 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: an analysis of 153 patients. | the p21 gene is thought to play a central role in tumor suppression. the aim of this study was to examine the clinicopathological role of p21 and p53 in esophageal squamous cell carcinomas. | 1999 | 10445528 |
| international variation in the incidence of hip fractures: cross-national project on osteoporosis for the world health organization program for research on aging. | a cross-national study of hip fracture incidence was carried out in five geographic areas--beijing, china; budapest, hungary; hong kong; porto alegre, brazil; and reykjavik, iceland--during the years 1990-1992. cases of hip fracture among women and men of age 20 years and older were identified using hospital discharge data in conjunction with medical records, operating room logs, and radiology logs. estimated incidence rates varied widely, with beijing reporting the lowest rates (age-adjusted ra ... | 1999 | 10450414 |
| a simple restriction fragment length polymorphism-based strategy that can distinguish the internal genes of human h1n1, h3n2, and h5n1 influenza a viruses. | a simple molecular technique for rapid genotyping was developed to monitor the internal gene composition of currently circulating influenza a viruses. sequence information from recent h1n1, h3n2, and h5n1 human virus isolates was used to identify conserved regions within each internal gene, and gene-specific pcr primers capable of amplifying all three virus subtypes were designed. subtyping was based on subtype-specific restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) patterns within the amplifie ... | 2000 | 10878047 |