| effect of protein binding of daptomycin on mic and antibacterial activity. | a higher rate of clinical failures in patients treated with daptomycin (2 mg/kg of body weight, given once daily) compared with rates in patients treated with conventional regimens caused early termination of this comparative clinical trial. one explanation for these failures could be that daptomycin is highly protein bound and that the concentration of the unbound active drug is too low for antibacterial activity. to assess this explanation, we studied the binding of daptomycin to proteins by u ... | 1991 | 1667253 |
| the difference in p53 antioncogene transcription in human monocytes and lymphocytes. | the p53 gene is associated with malignant transformation as well as 'antioncogene' activity. in this report expression of p53 in resting and activated human blood monocytes and lymphocytes was studied. it is shown that human monocytes freshly isolated by continuous percoll-gradient centrifugation contain detectable levels of p53 mrna. stimulation of monocytes by the potent activation inducer staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac) for 3-5 h caused the disappearance of p53 mrna. in contrast, inductio ... | 1992 | 1549368 |
| expression of the hox-2.3 homeobox gene in human lymphocytes and lymphoid tissues. | homeobox proteins are sequence-specific dna-binding proteins initially implicated in the control of gene expression in developing tissues; however, there is increasing evidence that these proteins are important in gene regulation in adult tissues. a cdna for the homeobox gene hox-2.3 was isolated from an adult human b-lymphocyte cdna library. northern blot analysis showed expression of a 1.1 and a 1.6 kb messenger rna (mrna) in a human b-cell line. rnase protection assays demonstrated variable e ... | 1991 | 1676919 |
| regulated expression and function of cd11c/cd18 integrin on human b lymphocytes. relation between attachment to fibrinogen and triggering of proliferation through cd11c/cd18. | cd11c/cd18 (p150,95) is a beta 2 integrin expressed by myeloid, natural killer and certain lymphoid cells such as some cytotoxic t cell clones and b cell malignancies. we have studied the expression and function of cd11c on resting and activated b lymphocytes. flow cytometry, immunoprecipitation, and mrna analyses showed that cell activation with phorbol esters or with a variety of stimuli such as staphylococcus aureus or anti-mu antibodies in combination with cytokines induced de novo cd11c/cd1 ... | 1991 | 1683891 |
| binding competition of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 and other staphylococcal exoproteins for receptors on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | binding of toxic shock toxin 1 (tsst-1) and staphylococcal enterotoxin a (sea) to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) was investigated by using 125i-labeled ligands. scatchard analyses revealed similar numbers of receptors (approximately 5,000 to 8,000) and similar dissociation constants (kd, approximately 20 to 25 nm) per pbmc. sea but not enterotoxin b, c1, c2, c3, d, or e significantly inhibited binding of 125i-tsst-1 to pbmc. cross-competition of tsst-1 and sea in binding assays ... | 1990 | 1694828 |
| cd38 molecule: structural and biochemical analysis on human t lymphocytes, thymocytes, and plasma cells. | the structure of the cd38 molecule has been evaluated by one- and two-dimensional gel analysis and by enzymatic digestions. the source of the ag was mainly membrane preparations obtained from mlc cells, from normal thymocytes, and from the plasmocytoma line lp-1. membranes were solubilized in np-40 and the extracts fractionated by immunoaffinity chromatography [using a specific anti-cd38 antibody (a10 mab) covalently linked to sepharose protein a]. the purified ag migrated as a single chain of m ... | 1990 | 1695648 |
| protein l. a bacterial ig-binding protein that activates human basophils and mast cells. | peptostreptococcus magnus strain 312 (10(6) to 10(8)/ml), which synthesizes a protein capable of binding to kappa l chains of human ig (protein l), stimulated the release of histamine from human basophils in vitro. p. magnus strain 644, which does not synthesize protein l, did not induce histamine secretion. soluble protein l (3 x 10(-2) to 3 micrograms/ml) induced histamine release from human basophils. the characteristics of the release reaction were similar to those of rabbit igg anti-fc frag ... | 1990 | 1698870 |
| penetration of norfloxacin into the aqueous humor of the human eye. | forty six patients received a topical application of a 0.3% norfloxacin (zoroxin; msd, austria) solution into the lower fornix at different time intervals and frequencies before undergoing planned extracapsular cataract extraction. aqueous humor was sampled at the beginning of surgery and assayed for the level of the antibiotic with high performance liquid chromatography. the highest aqueous humor level observed 30 min after the administration of the last drop in four patients who received five ... | 1992 | 1559771 |
| inhibition of epstein-barr virus infection in vitro and in vivo by soluble cr2 (cd21) containing two short consensus repeats. | the extracellular domain of cr2, the epstein-barr virus (ebv)/c3d receptor of b lymphocytes, contains 15 or 16 tandemly arranged short consensus repeat elements (scr). recombinant cr2 proteins containing scr 1 and 2 fused to staphylococcus aureus protein a (pa-cr2) and to murine complement factor h scr 20 (cr2fh) were expressed in escherichia coli and in insect cells, respectively. these recombinant cr2 molecules retained functional activity as indicated by their ability to bind to c3dg in an en ... | 1991 | 1645784 |
| the role of cd11a/cd18-cd54 interactions in human t cell-dependent b cell activation. | the role of leukocyte function-associated ag-1 (lfa-1, cd11a/cd18) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (icam-1, cd54) interactions in human t cell and b cell collaboration was examined by studying the effect of mab to these determinants on b cell proliferation and differentiation stimulated by culturing resting b cells with cd4+ t cells activated with immobilized mab to the cd3 molecular complex. in this model system, mab to either the alpha (cd11a) or beta (cd18) chain of lfa-1 or icam-1 (cd5 ... | 1991 | 1670945 |
| staphylococcal enterotoxin-activated spleen cells passively transfer diabetes in bb/wor rat. | bb/wor rats develop spontaneous autoimmune diabetes similar to human insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. a t-cell-mediated pathogenesis for bb/wor diabetes is indicated because disease is prevented by neonatal or adult thymectomy and treatment of diabetes-prone rats with monoclonal antibodies directed against cd5 or cd8 t-cell surface markers. disease can be adoptively transferred with injections of concanavalin a-activated spleen cells from either acutely diabetic or rt6.1 t-cell-depleted diab ... | 1992 | 1607077 |
| fibrinogen acts as a bridging molecule in the adherence of staphylococcus aureus to cultured human endothelial cells. | the propensity of staphylococcus aureus to cause acute endovascular infections during transient bacteremia is poorly understood. to examine the events leading to the attachment of staphylococci to endothelium, adherence assays were developed to study the role of blood factors in the mediation of staphylococcal adherence to cultured human umbilical vein endothelium in vitro. results indicate that the preferential attachment of s. aureus to endothelial cells is mediated by fibrinogen adsorbed from ... | 1991 | 1710235 |
| engagement of major histocompatibility complex class ii molecules by superantigen induces inflammatory cytokine gene expression in human rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes. | cells in the rheumatoid synovium express high levels of major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class ii molecules in vivo. we have therefore examined the ability of engagement of mhc class ii molecules by the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin a (sea) to activate interleukin 6 (il-6) and il-8 gene expression in type b synoviocytes isolated from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. sea had a minimal or undetectable effect on the expression of either gene in resting synoviocytes, as determined ... | 1992 | 1732419 |
| epidermal cell differentiation inhibitor adp-ribosylates small gtp-binding proteins and induces hyperplasia of epidermis. | epidermal cell differentiation inhibitor (edin) is a recently discovered protein which inhibits terminal differentiation of cultured keratinocytes (sugai, m., enomoto, t., hashimoto, k., matsumoto, k., matsuo, y., ohgai, h., hong, y.-m., inoue, s., yoshikawa, k., and suginaka, h. (1990) biochem. biophys. res. commun. 173, 92-98). the amino acid sequenced deduced from the edin gene has revealed that edin shares high amino acid sequence homology with the exoenzyme c3 of clostridium botulinum (inou ... | 1992 | 1733958 |
| influenza a virus potentiates bacteria-induced histamine release. examination of normal individuals and patients allergic to bacteria. | influenza a virus was found to enhance basophil histamine release induced by escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae and streptococcus sanguis, but did not per se release histamine. this potentiating effect of the virus was seen both when the bacteria-induced mediator release was ige-dependent (i.e. patient allergic to bacterium) and when the bacterium caused histamine release by a non-immunological mechanism independent of ige (putative sugar-le ... | 1990 | 1700889 |
| multiple prostatic abscesses presenting with urethral discharge. | prostatic abscess has become less common, is now usually related to urinary tract infection, and is a rare cause of urethral discharge. the case is described of a man with prostatic abscesses caused by staphylococcus aureus possibly related to recent skin abrasions. transrectal ultrasound was used to make the diagnosis and to facilitate repeated drainage with a successful outcome. | 1991 | 1743716 |
| effect of pine seed shell extract on microbial and viral infection. | pretreatment of mice with ammonia extract of seed shell of pinus koraicenis, via the intraperitoneal or intravenous route, effectively protected them from lethal infection of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and staphylococcus aureus. the pine seed shell extract also moderately inhibited syncytium formation and cytopathogenic effect induced by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in cultured human lymphotropic virus type i (htlv-1) positive mt-4 cells. these data suggest a medicin ... | 1992 | 1627738 |
| [the characteristics of staphylococcus aureus peptidoglycan in the spectrum of the reactivity of human lymphocytes to bacterial peptidoglycans]. | the sensitivity of lymphocytes of healthy persons to s. aureus peptidoglycan as compared with that to the polyclonal stimulator zymosan c3b and peptidoglycans of other bacteria (streptococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, bacterium bifidum) was analyzed with a test system permitting the determination of specific reactivity to peptidoglycans. the analysis showed that at the peak of luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (25-30 minutes) individual reactivity to s. aureus peptidoglycan varied within wid ... | 1991 | 1759526 |
| human mononuclear cell chemiluminescence and interleukin-1 release induced by staphylococcus aureus protein a. | staphylococcus aureus protein a (spa) is shown to induce a temporary chemiluminescence (cl)-response of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. maximal activity of spa is observed at 3 micrograms/ml and ec50 is about 1 microgram/ml. the cl response depends on extracellular calcium, and moreover is inhibited by pretreating cells with rabbit-anti-human igg's. from glass-adhered monocytes, spa alone (3 micrograms/ml) did not consistently affect the generation of immunoreactive interleukin-1 (il-1 ... | 1991 | 1761398 |
| use of patients' sera for immunoperoxidase demonstration of infectious agents in paraffin sections. | using patients' sera diluted from 1:10 to 1:1,000 as the primary antibodies in indirect immunoperoxidase staining, the authors visualized a variety of infectious agents in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections. the target lesions included 1) pyoderma caused by staphylococcus aureus, 2) cryptococcal infection, 3) dermal sporotrichosis, 4) colon ulcer caused by amebic dysentery, 5) cutaneous leishmaniasis, and 6) chronic liver abscess containing ova of ascaris lumbricoides. the infecti ... | 1991 | 1776466 |
| [preparation of staphylococcus aureus antigens for evaluation of their immunological reactivity with the human sera by the western blot method]. | extracellular antigens as well as cell wall extracts of 4 s. aureus strains isolated from different kinds of infection were analysed by western-blott technique. materials obtained in two systems of bacteria cultivation (with and without aeration) were compared. four systems of page (native conditions, with 8.0 m urea, with sds and sds after previous reduction of the material with 2-mercaptoethanol) were compared in order to get the best differentiation of proteins and antigens. immunological rea ... | 1991 | 1784132 |
| regulation of b cell function by lobenzarit, a novel disease-modifying antirheumatic drug. | lobenzarit (disodium 4-chloro-2,2'-iminodibenzoate [cca]) is a novel disease-modifying drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (ra). although its clinical efficacy has been demonstrated, its mechanism of action remains unclear. we therefore examined the effects of cca on in vitro igm and igm rheumatoid factor (igm-rf) production by human b cells. | 1992 | 1734906 |
| effect of probenecid on phagocytosis and intracellular killing of staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli by human monocytes and granulocytes. | the present study concerns the effects of probenecid on the phagocytosis and intracellular killing of staphylococcus aureus and escherichia coli by human monocytes and granulocytes. in both monocytes and granulocytes the inhibitory effect on phagocytosis was very small. inhibition of intracellular killing of s. aureus by monocytes and granulocytes by probenecid was concentration dependent, being half-maximal at about 2 mm probenecid, and near-maximal at about 5 mm probenecid. the intracellular k ... | 1991 | 1748482 |
| vitronectin and type-i collagen binding by staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. | binding of 125i-labelled type-i collagen and 125i-labelled vitronectin (human serum spreading factor or s-protein) was studied using staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci of different species. binding of collagen and vitronectin was time dependent for s. aureus isp 546, and s. haemolyticus e 2498/86. co-operative binding of vitronectin and collagen by staphylococcal cells was demonstrated. binding to s. haemolyticus e 2498/86 was more rapid and was enhanced in vitronectin/co ... | 1990 | 1695103 |
| cross-linking of cd23 antigen by its natural ligand (ige) or by anti-cd23 antibody prevents b lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation. | the possible role of cd23 in the activation of human b lymphocytes was systematically investigated by examining the effect of: 1) anti-cd23 mab; 2) ige or ige-immune complexes and; 3) native or recombinant soluble cd23 of different m.w., on b cell proliferation. intact anti-cd23 mab or its f(ab')2 fragments inhibit the proliferation of tonsillar b lymphocytes costimulated with either staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac) or anti-igm and il-4. the antibody has no effect when il-2 or lmw-bcgf is use ... | 1991 | 1826018 |
| the primary structure of coagulation factor ix/factor x-binding protein isolated from the venom of trimeresurus flavoviridis. homology with asialoglycoprotein receptors, proteoglycan core protein, tetranectin, and lymphocyte fc epsilon receptor for immunoglobulin e. | an anticoagulant protein, factor ix/factor x-binding protein (ix/x-bp), isolated from the venom of trimeresurus flavoviridis, binds with factor ix and factor x in the presence of ca2+ with a 1 to 1 stoichiometry (atoda, h., and morita, t. (1989) j. biochem. (tokyo) 106, 808-813). analysis of s-pyridylethylated ix/x-bp by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a 16.0-kda band (designated the a chain) and a 15.5-kda band (designated the b chain). these two chains were s ... | 1991 | 1831197 |
| comparative effect of protein binding on the killing activities of teicoplanin and vancomycin. | the effect of protein binding on the activity of teicoplanin against staphylococcus aureus was evaluated. bactericidal rates of teicoplanin in cation-supplemented mueller-hinton broth (smhb) and in a 1:1 mixture of pooled human serum and cation-supplemented mueller-hinton broth (phs-smhb) were compared with those of vancomycin. eight concentrations of each drug ranging from 15 to 150 micrograms/ml were studied in two series which correspond to the concentrations in serum achieved with low- (6 mg ... | 1991 | 1834010 |
| surface immunoglobulin ligands and cytokines differentially affect proliferation and antibody production by human cd5+ and cd5- b lymphocytes. | normal human peripheral blood b lymphocytes were separated into cd19+ cd5+ and cd19+ cd5- subsets by dual-color facs sorting. in most experiments the cells were activated with staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sac) and cultured in the absence or presence of recombinant human il-1 alpha, il-2, or il-6, or combinations of these cytokines. unstimulated cd5+ and cd5- b cells showed a comparable, low level of incorporation of [3h]thymidine into dna. sac stimulated proliferation of cd5+ and cd5- b cells, ... | 1990 | 1703783 |
| the role of cd45ra on human b-cell function: anti-cd45ra antibody (anti-2h4) inhibits the activation of resting b cells and antibody production of activated b cells independently in humans. | anti-cd45ra antibody defined by anti-2h4 monoclonal antibody has been reported to split cd4+t cells into two distinct subpopulations. cd45ra antigen is present on the surface of virtually more than 95% b lymphocytes in the purified tonsillar b-cell preparations. we examined the role of cd45ra antigen on human b-cell function using this antibody. the addition to anti-2h4 to tonsillar b cells inhibited the proliferative response induced by staphylococcus aureus cowan strain i(sac) in a dose-depend ... | 1991 | 1715602 |
| a vitronectin-receptor-related molecule in human placental brush border membranes. | the heterodimeric vitronectin receptor (vnr) and platelet glycoprotein iib/iiia (gpiib/iiia) are two members of the integrin family of cell adhesion receptors that share the same beta subunit (gpiiia). these proteins are involved in binding to vitronectin, fibrinogen and fibronectin and in cytoskeleton-membrane interactions. the present study shows that the human placental syncytiotrophoblast brush border membrane contains a heterodimer of subunit mr values of 140,000 and 90,000 (non-reduced) or ... | 1991 | 1720617 |
| granulocyte functions and neisseria meningitidis: influence of properdin-deficient serum. | granulocyte-mediated reactions such as opsonization, chemotaxis, and release of granulocyte myeloperoxidase and lactoferrin were studied in properdin-deficient and normal human serum incubated with serogroup a and w-135 meningococci. there were no differences between the sera when serogroup a meningococci were studied. opsonic and chemotactic activity were impaired against serogroup w-135 meningococci in properdin-deficient serum. restitution with properdin restored both activities. we found sim ... | 1991 | 1958352 |
| aggregation of human granulocytes by staphylococcus aureus lipase. | the effects of purified extracellular lipase from staphylococcus aureus on human granulocytes were studied in vitro with a turbidimetric technique. within the concentration range 0.6-4.4 micrograms/ml, lipase caused monophasic aggregation accompanied by the release of lactoferrin; the corresponding concentrations of the solvent in which it was suspended, triton x100, had no effect. lipase-induced aggregation did not occur in the presence of autologous plasma. | 1992 | 1731059 |
| staphylococcal l-asparaginase: antilymphoma and immunosuppressive action. | staphylococcal l-asparaginase inhibits blastic transformation of human lymphocytes and growth of mice leukemia lymphoblasts l5178y-r. the enzyme is removed from blood stream of dba/2 mice very rapidly. | 1991 | 1726614 |
| anti-igm but not anti-igd antibodies inhibit cell division of normal human mature b cells. | insolubilized anti-igd antibody markedly increased dna synthesis in and cell division of normal peripheral blood b cells (pbl-b) when used in combination with il-4. anti-igm antibodies also induced dna synthesis of pbl-b, but their ability to induce cell division was less than that of anti-igd antibodies even when used in combination with il-4. moreover, anti-igm antibodies inhibited cell division of pbl-b stimulated with insolubilized anti-igd antibody plus il-4 without affecting dna synthesis. ... | 1992 | 1727873 |
| [new findings on the biotyping of staphylococcus aureus isolated during milk processing]. | a detailed analysis of biotypes of staphylococcus aureus, as related to their origin and enterotoxigenicity, was performed, using 432 strains isolated from bulk milk, milking machines, quarter milk samples collected from mastitic cows, and cowherds and milkers. all strains coagulated rabbit blood plasma and produced thermonuclease (tab. i). human strains differed from bovine ones mostly in the production of alpha-haemolysin (94%) and fibrinolysin (66%). biotypes c1 (35%) and c2 (38%) dominated c ... | 1991 | 1799032 |
| effects of recombinant human granulocyte and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors on neutrophil function following autologous bone marrow transplantation. | functional activity of peripheral blood neutrophils was assessed in eight patients at 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks following autologous bone marrow transplantation (abmt). functions studied included superoxide generation (o2-) intracellular killing of staphylococcus aureus, phagocytosis and killing of candida albicans. neutrophils were tested following in vitro preincubation with 300 pm granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf), 1.2 nm granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) or ... | 1991 | 1722549 |
| effect of a factor released by k562 malignant cells in culture on human neutrophil bactericidal activity. | we have previously demonstrated that k562 malignant cells in culture contain and release a low-molecular-mass (8-kda) factor that inhibits adherence-related functions of neutrophils but does not alter fmet-leu-phe- or phorbol ester-induced oxidative burst (m. amar, n. amit, t. pham huu, s. chollet-martin, m.t. labro, m.a. gougerot-pocidalo, and j. hakim, j. immunol. 144:4749-4756, 1990). in this study, we investigated the effects of this factor, referred to as inhibitory factor 1 (if1), on the b ... | 1991 | 1855986 |
| the effect of anti-tuftsin antibody on the phagocytosis of bacteria by human neutrophils. | tuftsin (thr-lys-pro-arg) is a naturally occurring tetrapeptide which stimulates most known functions of the polymorphonuclear and mononuclear phagocytic cell lines. although tuftsin is a well characterized bioactive peptide, the exact physiological role tuftsin plays remains unclear. specific mouse anti-tuftsin antiserum generated in our laboratory, is now available for phagocytosis inhibition studies. monolayers of human neutrophils were prepared on glass coverslips from a few drops of finger ... | 1991 | 1791037 |
| porcine model for vascular graft studies. | models for the study of prosthetic vascular graft infection have been studied frequently in the dog and rabbit. we have developed a reproducible swine model to study this problem and its treatment. the cardiovascular system, healing characteristics, and the bloodstream clearance of bacteria in swine more closely resembles those of humans than do other animal models. the low cost and availability of the swine is an additional attractive aspect. one hundred fifty-six farm-bred pigs have undergone ... | 1991 | 1863586 |
| activity of antibiotics against microorganisms ingested by mononuclear phagocytes. | the data available on the activity of antibiotics against microorganisms ingested by mononuclear phagocytes are reviewed. the antibacterial activity of penicillins against staphylococcus aureus is enhanced by human monocytes. this enhancement is possibly brought about by a peptidoglycan-degrading enzyme that is produced and secreted by monocytes. aminoglycosides affect bacteria ingested by mononuclear phagocytes, but their intracellular activity is limited as compared with that of non-phagocytos ... | 1991 | 1864273 |
| phagocyte-derived free radicals stimulated by ingestion of iron-rich staphylococcus aureus: a spin-trapping study. | phagocytic cells generate superoxide (o2-) and hydrogen peroxide (h2o2), creating the substrates for hydroxyl radical (ho.) in the presence of redox active metals. previously it was shown that ho. is not a physiologic product of human neutrophils or monocytes but can be generated in the presence of high concentrations of iron. this study was undertaken to determine whether bacterial iron could be used for the generation of ho. the growth of staphylococcus aureus under iron-rich conditions increa ... | 1991 | 1849162 |
| the differential effect of cigarette smoke on the growth of bacteria found in humans. | the effect of cigarette smoke on growth of those species of bacteria that are considered common potential human pathogens was examined in vitro. smoke from both mentholated and nonmentholated cigarettes inhibited the growth of gram-positive cocci to a greater degree than that of gram-negative rods. staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae, and a variety of other streptococci were inhibited at a smoke solution dilution of 1:8. enteric bacteria such as klebsiella, enterobacter, and pseudomo ... | 1991 | 1889244 |
| staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin. dual mechanism of binding to target cells. | staphylococcal alpha-toxin was radiolabeled to high specific radioactivity (1,500-3,000 ci/mmol) under retention of its hemolytic activity. binding studies with susceptible rabbit erythrocytes and highly resistant human erythrocytes revealed that binding of alpha-toxin to target cells can occur via two different mechanisms. binding of alpha-toxin to rabbit erythrocytes initially involves specific binding sites and occurs at low concentrations, with half-maximal binding at 1-2 nm. in contrast, to ... | 1991 | 1894613 |
| phagocytic functions and tumor necrosis factor secretion of human monocytes exposed to natural porcine surfactant (curosurf). | in this study we have analyzed various phagocytic functions and tumor necrosis factor (tnf) secretion of human monocytes exposed to either a biochemically well-defined porcine surfactant or a purified phospholipid preparation. adherence, random migration, and chemotactic response to zymosan activated serum and formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine were normal in surfactant-treated monocytes; surfactant was not a chemotactic stimulus. in contrast, phagocytosis of staphylococcus aureus by monocyte ... | 1991 | 1653936 |
| disodium cromoglycate enhances ongoing immunoglobulin production in vitro in human b cells. | the effect of disodium cromoglycate (dscg) upon human immunoglobulin (ig) isotypes and igg subclasses production by purified b cells was studied. dscg enhanced igm, igg1, igg2, igg3, igg4 and iga production in a dose-dependent fashion, while dscg failed to induce ige production at any concentrations tested by purified b cells. when b cells were separated into small resting and large activated b cells, dscg failed to induce ig production from small resting b cells in the presence or absence of st ... | 1991 | 1904400 |
| enhancement of macrophage superoxide anion production by amphotericin b. | amphotericin b (amb) appears to have some important immunomodulatory effects, but its mechanism of action has not been explained. we investigated the effects of amb on activation of human monocyte-derived macrophages. macrophages cultured in the presence of amb had an enhanced capacity to produce superoxide anion after stimulation with phorbol myristate acetate. this enhancement was dose dependent within a therapeutic range of amb levels (0.1 to 3.0 mg/liter). macrophages cultured in the presenc ... | 1991 | 1649568 |
| complement subcomponent c1q stimulates ig production by human b lymphocytes. | the regulation of ig production by human b lymphocytes is a complex process involving interactions among b cells, apc, t lymphocytes and soluble factors including activation, growth, and differentiation factors. components of the complement system, including c3a, c3b, c3d, and c5a, have been shown to influence various stages in this process. in this study, we demonstrate that the c1q subcomponent of complement binds to both small resting and large activated b cells and stimulates immunoglobulin ... | 1991 | 1902854 |
| in vitro phagocytic interaction between trichomonas vaginalis isolates and bacteria. | the phagocytic activity of 12 trichomonas vaginalis isolates against both gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus atcc 25923, lactobacillus spp.) and gram-negative bacteria (enterobacter cloacae atcc 13047, 5 strains of escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 27853) was studied. results showed that all the isolates were able to ingest staphylococcus aureus to a variable degree, and almost all of them showed phagocytic activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa. furthermore, experiments ... | 1991 | 1915384 |
| influence of cefpodoxime on selected immunological functions and bacterial pathogenicity factors in vitro. | the influence of a new oral cephalosporin cefpodoxime, on several interactions of the host-parasite relationship was investigated. pretreatment of polymorphonuclear granulocytes (png) with cefpodoxime at therapeutical dosage in vitro did not have a significant effect on chemotaxis and luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. on the other hand, human serum did not exert a considerable effect on the bactericidal activity of cefpodoxime on klebsiella pneumoniae and staph. aureus. serum resistance of kl ... | 1991 | 1930575 |
| induction of interleukin-1 in human monocytes by the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin a requires the participation of t cells. | nanogram quantities of the bacterial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin a (sea) induced significant amounts of extracellular il-1 alpha and il-1 beta in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. induction of maximal il-1 alpha and il-1 beta levels by lipopolysaccharide (lps) required microgram quantities. lps induced detectable extracellular il-1 content within 3-6 hr and maximal levels were detected already after 12 hr. induction of il-1 production by sea showed a delayed release with peak ... | 1991 | 1884398 |
| frequency analysis of human peripheral blood b cells producing autoantibodies: differential activation requirements of precursors for b cells producing igm-rf and anti-dna antibody. | to investigate the mechanism of autoantibody production, the extent and nature of anti-dna precursors within normal human b cells were examined by utilizing two different polyclonal b cell stimulators, staphylococcus aureus cowan i (sa) and immobilized mab to the cd3 molecular complex (64.1). in cultures stimulated with sa and il2, b cells produced igm-rf, but not anti-dna, whereas b cells produced great amounts of anti-dna in cultures stimulated with sa and intact t4 cells. in cultures stimulat ... | 1991 | 1834351 |
| association between chemiluminescence stimulating and il-2 inducing activities of staphylococcus aureus strains in human and mouse mononuclear cells. | the plastic adherent fraction of human mononuclear cells (mnc) responded with maximal chemiluminescence (cl) upon stimulation with greater than or equal to 1000 bacteria per cell of heat killed preparations of staphylococcus aureus strains. different strains had different cl stimulating activities and their sequences were similar on mnc from different blood donors. il-2 inducing and cl stimulating activities seem to be parallel features of s. aureus strains, since their sequence set ups establis ... | 1990 | 2099081 |
| stimulation of monokine production by lipoteichoic acids. | lipoteichoic acids (ltas) isolated from bacterial species, including staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes a, enterococcus faecalis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and listeria monocytogenes, were tested for their ability to stimulate the production of interleukin-1 beta (il-1 beta), il-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in cultured human monocytes. ltas from s. aureus and s. pneumoniae failed to induce monokine production when applied in the concentration range of 0.05 to 5.0 micrograms/ml. ... | 1991 | 1937822 |
| structure--function relationship of the human erythrocyte plasma membrane ca(2+)-atpase revealed by v8 protease treatment. | treatment of the solubilized and purified ca(2+)-translocating atpase (ca(2+)-atpase) (136 kda) from human erythrocyte plasma membranes with endoproteinase glu-c from staphylococcus aureus strain v8 (v8 protease) yielded transient fragments of 96 kda and 76 kda and more stable fragments of 60 kda and 37/36 kda (doublet). the presence of calmodulin did not alter the fragmentation pattern. the 60 kda fragment contains the protein kinase c (bovine brain) phosphorylation site(s), which we previously ... | 1991 | 1835379 |
| [infections caused by staphylococci. the human as a source of infection for s. aureus and coagulase negative staphylococci]. | both staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci are among the most important pathogens of nosocomial infections. while staphylococcus aureus can cause a variety of pyogenic infections and toxin-mediated diseases coagulase-negative staphylococci of the staphylococcus epidermis group play an important role in infections developing in immunocompromised patients and those with temporarily or permanently implanted foreign bodies made of polymer. the major sources of staphylococcal inf ... | 1991 | 1937322 |
| interactions of the oxygen-dependent antimicrobial system of the human neutrophil with difloxacin, ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin and fleroxacin in the intraphagocytic eradication of staphylococcus aureus. | the effect of the o2-dependent antimicrobial systems of the human neutrophil on the intraphagocytic activity of difloxacin, ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin and fleroxacin was determined by use of a radioassay with staphylococcus aureus as the test organism. the fluoroquinolones exhibited good intraphagocytic activity with normal neutrophils. however the intracellular bioactivities of the four antimicrobial agents were substantially less in tests with neutrophils from two patients with chronic granulom ... | 1990 | 2111406 |
| amino acid sequence of the fv region of a human monoclonal igm (nov) with specificity for the capsular polysaccharide of the group b meningococcus and of escherichia coli k1, which cross-reacts with polynucleotides and with denatured dna. | the complete amino acid sequences of the vh and vl regions of a biologically significant ig, igmnov, were determined. igmnov is reactive with the capsular polysaccharide of the group b meningococcus and of escherichia coli k1. as reported earlier, it cross-reacts completely with polynucleotides poly(a) and poly(i) and to a lesser extent with denatured dna and protects newborn rats against infection with e. coli k1, and is equal in potency to the standard horse anti-group b meningococcal serum. t ... | 1991 | 1907308 |
| selective proteolytic cleavage of recombinant human interleukin 4. evidence for a critical role of the c-terminus. | human interleukin 4 is a 129 amino acid lymphokine secreted by activated t cells that exerts pleiotropic biological effects on b and t lymphocytes and other hematopoietic cells. structure-function relations were studied by employing selective proteolytic cleavage of purified recombinant human interleukin 4 (rhuil-4). limited proteolysis with endoprotease glu-c from staphylococcus aureus (v8) produced two digestion products that were observed on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electroph ... | 1991 | 1911743 |
| osteoarticular infection associated with the human immunodeficiency virus. | an analysis is presented of 20 patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection who were treated for skeletal infection in our hospital. seventeen cases of septic arthritis and three of osteomyelitis were found. all patients were intravenous drug abusers, 75% were male and all were younger than 40 years old. eighty-eight percent of the septic arthritis cases were monarticular, the hip joint being the area most commonly affected (29%), and staphylococcus aureus and candida albicans ... | 1991 | 1954700 |
| structural basis for differential binding of staphylococcal enterotoxin a and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 to class ii major histocompatibility molecules. | the related staphylococcal toxins staphylococcal enterotoxin a (sea) and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (tsst-1) are microbial superantigens. they require interaction with class ii major histocompatibility complex (mhc) molecules to activate t cells. we have previously identified a binding site on sea, the n-terminal 45 amino acids, as well as its corresponding receptor on the mhc antigen, residues 65-85 of the beta chain. to further characterize the structural basis for sea binding to class ii mh ... | 1991 | 1986357 |
| purified staphylococcal culture medium stimulates neutral metalloprotease secretion from human articular cartilage. | human articular cartilage released significantly increased levels of metal-dependent enzymes capable of degrading collagen, casein, and gelatin at a neutral ph following exposure to a sterile, purified fraction of staphylococcus aureus culture medium. neutral metalloprotease activity was determined by radiolabeled substrate assays and substrate gel analysis. the enzymes were activated with 4-aminophenylmercuric acetate and were inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline and ethylenediamine tetraacetic aci ... | 1991 | 1846914 |
| a single clone of staphylococcus aureus causes the majority of cases of toxic shock syndrome. | genetic relationships among 315 isolates of the bacterium staphylococcus aureus expressing toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (tsst-1) recovered primarily from humans with toxic shock syndrome (tss) in five countries on two continents were determined by analyzing electrophoretically demonstrable allelic variation at 20 chromosomal enzyme loci. forty-nine distinctive electrophoretic types (ets), representing multilocus enzyme genotypes, were identified. cluster analysis of the ets revealed two major ph ... | 1990 | 1967495 |
| human and sheep growth-plate cartilage type x collagen synthesis and the influence of tissue storage. | direct comparison of type x collagen synthesized by human, sheep and chick growth-plate cartilage has shown that the human type x collagen is similar to the chick in both its molecular mass, containing component alpha-chains of 59 kda with helical regions of 45 kda, and apparent absence of disulphide-stabilized aggregates, whereas the sheep type x collagen has slightly larger alpha-chains (63 kda) accounted for by a longer helical region (49 kda) that contains cystine residues essential for the ... | 1991 | 1859378 |
| rapid and sensitive sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin b in cheese. | a rapid and sensitive screening sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was developed for the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxin b (seb) in cheese by using a highly avid anti-seb antibody (ab) as the capture ab (cab) and as the biotinylated ab conjugate. the glutaraldehyde fixation method for the immobilization of cab on polystyrene dipsticks was superior to the adsorption fixation and the adsorption-glutaraldehyde fixation methods. the glutaraldehyde fixation method resulted in ... | 1991 | 2039234 |
| septic arthritis and other infections of rheumatologic significance. | bacterial arthritis has been reported rarely in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection and generally is associated with other risk factors such as intravenous drug use. septic arthritis may be caused by opportunistic organisms and may be more common in hemophiliacs when associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. pyomyositis and osteomyelitis have also been reported more commonly. | 1991 | 2041884 |
| mitogenic toxins as mhc class ii-dependent probes for t cell antigen receptors. | the enterotoxins produced by staphylococcus aureus (se) are prototypes of a group of microbial exoproteins that share a potent mitogenic activity for t lymphocytes of several species. these exoproteins use a very effective novel mechanism of t lymphocyte stimulation. for stimulation of all types of t cells (cd4+, cd8+ as well as gamma delta tcr+) the presence of allogeneic or xenogeneic mhc class ii molecules on accessory or target cells is required. this requirement is reflected by a selective ... | 1991 | 2049035 |
| nerve growth factor specifically induces human igg4 production. | the effect of nerve growth factor (ngf) on human igg4 production was studied. ngf specifically enhanced igg4 production in cultures of human tonsillar mononuclear cells without affecting production of other isotypes or other igg subclasses. optimal enhancement of igg4 production by ngf required the presence of t cells. however, ngf induced significant igg4 production by small resting b cells in the absence of t cells, and this production was enhanced by stimulation with staphylococcus aureus cow ... | 1991 | 1991484 |
| primary structure of a new actin-binding protein from human seminal plasma. | secretory actin-binding protein (sabp), a glycoprotein from human seminal plasma, was isolated according to akiyama and kimura [akiyama, k. & kimura, h. (1990) biochim. biophys. acta 1040, 206-210]. the complete amino acid sequence of sabp was determined with the aid of fragments generated by trypsin, staphylococcus aureus v8 protease and pepsin. the single polypeptide chain of sabp contains 118 amino acids with a calculated mr of 13,506 and pyroglutamic acid as the n-terminal residue. a single ... | 1991 | 2013294 |
| the role of fibrinogen in mediating staphylococcal adherence to fibers. | the use of tampons and surgical gauze pads and colonization with staphylococcus aureus have been established as risk factors for the development of toxic shock syndrome. to elucidate the role of blood factors in the mediation of staphylococcal adherence to fibers used in tampons and surgical packing, an adherence assay with cotton fibers was developed. results demonstrated that cotton disks precoated with fibrinogen in the presence of human serum albumin bound a significant percentage of the ino ... | 1991 | 1990220 |
| recent advances in pediatric infectious diseases and their impact on dermatology. | the past five years have seen numerous advances in the field of pediatric infectious diseases, and many of these have a substantial impact on the practice of dermatology. we review some of these advances and discuss their implications on etiology, diagnosis, therapy and complications of some relatively common conditions. the etiologic agent of exanthum subitum (roseola infantum) has been clearly implicated as a herpesvirus-6. although in the classically described situation high fever in a young ... | 1991 | 2061433 |
| effect of bacterial toxins on human b cell activation. ii. mitogenic activity of the b subunit of cholera toxin. | the b subunit of cholera toxin (ct) but not the entire ct was found to induce the proliferation of resting human b lymphocytes. a significant mitogenic effect was observed for b subunit concentrations greater than 1 microgram/ml and reached a maximum of stimulation at 10 micrograms/ml. as already described for b lymphocytes preactivated with staphylococcus aureus cowan strain i (sac). b lymphocytes preactivated with the b subunit of ct, but not with the entire ct, were able to proliferate in res ... | 1991 | 1847876 |
| [glass bead sterilization of orthodontic pliers]. | the study on sterilization of orthodontic pliers by using glass bead sterilizer at 450 f was performed. microorganisms used in this experiment were staphylococcus aureus atcc 25933, bacillus subtilis atcc 6633, candida albicans atcc 10231 and mixed microorganisms in human saliva. the result showed that after the pliers were scrubbed with alcohol and sterilized for 3 minutes with glass bead sterilizer, all vegetative cells and bacterial spores were killed in every test. this study indicated that ... | 1990 | 2074330 |
| cryptic alpha-toxin gene in toxic shock syndrome and septicaemia strains of staphylococcus aureus. | the majority of clinical isolates of staphylococcus aureus that produce toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (tsst-1) fail to express alpha-toxin, despite having a copy of the hla gene in the chromosome. the hla gene was cloned from an hla- tsst-1+ strain, todd 555, which had been isolated from a case of toxic shock syndrome in the usa. of the 630 bases of the todd 555 gene sequenced, 46 differed from the hla gene sequence of strain wood 46. the defect in alpha-toxin expression was shown to be due to a ... | 1990 | 2082151 |
| effects of beta-lactam antibiotics imipenem/cilastatin and cefodizime on cellular and humoral immune responses in balb/c-mice. | the effects of a 7-day chemotherapy with two broad-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics (imipenem/cilastatin and cefodizime) on the humoral and cellular immune responses in balb/c-mice were investigated. antibiotic dosages were calculated on a body weight basis from therapeutical dosages in human medicine. treatment of experimental mice with imipenem/cilastatin and cefodizime did not influence the production of immunoglobulines (igm and igg) nor the delayed type hypersensitivity to oxazolone. in vit ... | 1990 | 2085374 |
| [conservative treatment of multiple brain abscesses]. | non-surgical treatment of multiple cerebral abscesses in 67 old man was described. staphylococcus aureus was isolated from cerebral spinal fluid. the patient was treated with antibiotics and metronidazole and was discharged in satisfactory state after 40 days. | 1990 | 2100822 |
| effect of metalloproteinase from staphylococcus aureus on in vitro stimulation of human lymphocytes. | metalloproteinase (mp) produced by the majority of staphylococcus aureus strains exerts, in a wide concentration range (0.1-100 micrograms/ml), no cytotoxic action on mononuclear leukocytes of human peripheral blood. the enzyme itself does not appreciably stimulate proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes in culture, but affects the stimulation of both t and b lymphocytes by polyclonal activators. the action is dose-dependent. high doses of mp (100 micrograms/ml) lower the blastic transf ... | 1991 | 2060975 |
| action of staphylococcal exfoliative toxins on epidermal cell cultures and organotypic skin. | in the staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, spontaneous intraepithelial cleavages are due to the exfoliative toxins a or b (eta or etb). until now, these toxins have been studied either on epidermis or on organotypic skin cultures. in the present study, we compare the effects of these toxins on human keratinocyte cell cultures to those on human and mouse organotypic skin cultures. with concentrations of eta or etb of 1 mg/ml for 3 hours, spontaneous intraepithelial cleavages were noted in both ... | 1990 | 1703553 |
| human p40/il-9. expression in activated cd4+ t cells, genomic organization, and comparison with the mouse gene. | p40 is a cytokine that was originally identified in the mouse as a t cell growth factor, but whose spectrum of potential targets was recently shown to include mast cells as well as megakaryoblastic leukemic cells. given these multiple activities, it was proposed that the protein be renamed il-9. the analysis of p40 genomic clones reported here shows that the human and mouse p40 genes consist of 5 exons spread over approximately 4 kb of dna and organized in a similar fashion in both species. the ... | 1990 | 1971295 |
| [1st isolation of strains of staphylococcus aureus producing toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 in food handlers in argentina]. | thirty nine milk handlers from a factory of dairy products in the province of buenos aires were examined for their nasal carriage of s. aureus strains capable of producing toxic-shock-syndrome toxin-1 (tsst-1). in addition, chance samples of handled foods, crude milk and milky fermented derivates (mfd) were studied. strain isolation was made on mannitol salt agar and on baird-parker agar. typical colonies were identified by their biochemical properties. cultures that were found to be s. aureus w ... | 1990 | 2102013 |
| stimulation of the respiratory burst and promotion of bacterial killing in human granulocytes by intravenous immunoglobulin preparations. | we have examined the effect of two i.v. immunoglobulin preparations on the metabolic and functional activities of neutrophil granulocytes from the peripheral blood. production of superoxide anion (o2-) by granulocytes was measured through superoxide dismutase inhibitable reduction of ferricytochrome c after incubation of cells for various times together with immunoglobulin (concentration ranging from 0.25 to 5.0 mg/ml). the results showed dose-dependent response of o2- production independent of ... | 1990 | 2107048 |
| bacterial superantigens as anti-tumour agents: induction of tumour cytotoxicity in human lymphocytes by staphylococcal enterotoxin a. | activation of lymphocytes by interleukin-2 (il-2) induces lymphokine-activated killer (lak) cells that show promising effects on tumour growth in clinical trials. we examined the effect of the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin a (sea) on anti-tumour activity of freshly prepared human lymphocytes. picomolar amounts of sea rapidly induced cytotoxic activity against k562 and raji cells as well as some natural-killer(nk)-resistant tumour cell lines. cytotoxic activity was not dependent on targ ... | 1991 | 2059967 |
| ingestion of legionella micdadei inhibits human neutrophil function. | legionella micdadei is a human pathogen which survives within leukocytes. to determine how this organism escapes intracellular destruction, we examined its effect on human neutrophil activity. neutrophils were allowed to ingest l. micdadei prior to evaluation of functional activity. compared with control cells which did not ingest organisms, cells ingesting l. micdadei showed significantly depressed production of superoxide anion (24.5 +/- 9.0 nmol/10(6) cells per 15 min versus 6.9 +/- 3.2 nmol/ ... | 1990 | 2169462 |
| cdna cloning of the b cell membrane protein cd22: a mediator of b-b cell interactions. | we have cloned a full-length cdna for the b cell membrane protein cd22, which is referred to as b lymphocyte cell adhesion molecule (bl-cam). using subtractive hybridization techniques, several b lymphocyte-specific cdnas were isolated. northern blot analysis with one of the clones, clone 66, revealed expression in normal activated b cells and a variety of b cell lines, but not in normal activated t cells, t cell lines, hela cells, or several tissues, including brain and placenta. one major tran ... | 1991 | 1985119 |
| infective dermatitis of jamaican children: a marker for htlv-i infection. | in jamaican children infective dermatitis is a chronic eczema associated with refractory nonvirulent staphylococcus aureus or beta-haemolytic streptococcus infection of the skin and nasal vestibule. 14 children between the ages of 2 and 17 years with typical infective dermatitis, attending the dermatology clinic at the university hospital of the west indies in jamaica, were tested for antibody to human t-lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1). all were seropositive, whereas 11 children of similar ag ... | 1990 | 1978165 |
| relative activities of distinct isotypes of murine and human major histocompatibility complex class ii molecules in binding toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 and determination of cd antigens expressed on t cells generated upon stimulation by the toxin. | relative abilities of murine and human major histocompatibility complex class ii molecules to bind toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 (tsst-1) and t-cell subsets activated by the toxin were investigated. tsst-1 binding was observed in l cells transfected with i-ab, i-ak, dr2, and dqw1 genes. scatchard plot analysis showed similar kd values (1 x 10(-8) to 3 x 10(-8) m) for these cells. by comparison, binding was not detected in l cells transfected with i-ek, dpw4, and dp(cp63) genes. all of the transfe ... | 1990 | 2123824 |
| molecular cloning of the baboon interferon-gamma cdna. | interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) is a cytokine produced by t lymphocytes and natural killer cells which has a key function in resistance against infections. baboon (papio anubis) ifn-gamma was produced by stimulation of baboon splenocytes with a lysate of staphylococcus aureus. this interferon was active on human cells and could be seroneutralized with a polyclonal antiserum against human ifn-gamma, but not with antisera against human interferon-alpha and interferon-beta. poly(a)(+)-rna was isolated ... | 1990 | 2118970 |
| model simulation of a single oral dose of cefuroxime axetil and the related in-vitro kill kinetics against four bacterial species. | an in-vitro model was shown to be capable of simulating a cefuroxime serum profile equivalent to that observed in human volunteer studies, following a single dose of 250 mg cefuroxime axetil. the model was used to carry out kill kinetic studies and showed cefuroxime to lyse the four bacterial test strains, time of onset of lysis being related to the sensitivity of the respective organisms. the more sensitive staphylococcus aureus and haemophilus influenzae strains were subject to a higher absolu ... | 1990 | 2180892 |
| staphylococcal toxins in human disease. | | 1990 | 2119059 |
| [producer cells of human alpha and gamma interferons]. | the cells responsible for production of human alpha and gamma interferons with proper inducers were studied using methods for fractionation of human blood mononuclear cells. the results indicated cooperation and mutual regulation by cells of interferon production. monocytes were shown to play the leading role in the synthesis of acid-stable alpha interferon, whereas accessory cells were required for gamma interferon synthesis by t lymphocytes. acid-labile alpha interferon was produced predominan ... | 1990 | 2120852 |
| respiratory syncytial virus modulation of adult and neonatal lymphocyte mitogenic responses and the role of interferon-gamma. | infection of human adult and neonatal mononuclear leukocytes (mnls) with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) caused significant inhibition of lymphoproliferation in response to various mitogens (heat-killed staphylococcus aureus, phytohaemagglutinin, concanavalin-a and pokeweed mitogen). antibody to human interferon-gamma enhanced the rsv-induced suppression of lymphoproliferation in adult, but not neonatal mnls. these results are consistent with the hypothesis that rsv can suppress the developmen ... | 1990 | 2129048 |
| human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection in patients attending a sexually transmitted diseases clinic in borno state of nigeria. | results of a study to determine if patients attending sexually transmitted diseases (std) clinics are at high risk to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection are presented. the 206 patients who attended the std clinic at the maiduguri general hospital consisted of 200 males and 6 females, most of whom were aged between 20 and 29 years and were single. only one of the 206 serum samples (0.49%) was confirmed seropositive for hiv-1 antibodies. however, cultures from 143 of 174 swabs taken from ... | 1990 | 2124396 |
| sustained in vitro activity of human albumin microspheres containing chlorhexidine dihydrochloride against bacteria from cultures of organisms that cause urinary tract infections. | the potential of chlorhexidine dihydrochloride (ch hcl) incorporated into human albumin microspheres to provide sustained activity in vitro against escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, and pseudomonas aeruginosa from quality controls and from cultures of organisms that cause urinary tract infections was investigated. ch hcl was entrapped into five different formulations of human albumin microspheres. a technique was developed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of these microspheres and o ... | 1990 | 2127344 |
| intracellular expression of hifn alpha genes in escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis directed by staphylokinase signals. | portable expression units for intracellular formation of heterologous proteins in escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis were constructed by inserting the transcription and translation initiation signals of the staphylokinase sak42d gene into the polylinker of plasmid puc18. fusions with atg-gene cassettes coding for mature human interferons (hifn) alpha 1 and alpha 2 resulted in intracellular expression of both proteins in e. coli. the 20 fold lower yield of hifn alpha 2 was not due to unfavora ... | 1990 | 2128332 |
| a novel pathway of human b cell activation initiated by ck226 surface antigen. | in this study we analyzed the effect of ck226 monoclonal antibody (mab) on human b cell activation and proliferation. this mab was shown to recognize a 75-kda surface molecule expressed on both t and b lymphocytes and to mediate t lymphocyte activation and proliferation. flow cytometry analysis of b cell populations isolated from peripheral blood, tonsil and spleen showed that ck226 surface antigen is highly expressed on 40-80% of surface ig+ cells. when purified b cells were cultured in the pre ... | 1990 | 2141569 |
| peptide analogs to a fibronectin receptor inhibit attachment of staphylococcus aureus to fibronectin-containing substrates. | binding of cells of staphylococcus aureus to fibronectin has been proposed as a mechanism of bacterial adhesion to host tissues. in this study, we have attempted to define the role of a recently identified fibronectin receptor in the adhesion of staphylococcal cells to fibronectin-containing substrates by using different receptor analogs as potential inhibitors of bacterial adherence. the results showed that synthetic peptides d1, d2, and d3, corresponding to variations of a repeated unit in the ... | 1990 | 2142481 |
| functional and structural domains of the sixth component (c6) of human complement. | the effects of serine protease inhibitors, diisopropyl fluorophosphate (dfp) and phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (pmsf), on hemolytic activity of c6 were reinvestigated. c6 was inactivated in a range of 1-10 mm by both of the inhibitors as previously reported. limited proteolytic digestion was also studied to elucidate the functional and structural domains of c6. the major fragments produced by trypsin, plasmin, or lysyl endopeptidase could not be separated unless disulfide bonds were disrupted, ... | 1991 | 2054869 |
| the influence of human monocytes on the antibacterial activity of vancomycin and teicoplanin against staphylococcus aureus. | the influence of human monocytes on the antibacterial activity of vancomycin and teicoplanin against staphylococcus aureus was investigated. monocytes, which neither phagocytosed nor killed bacteria because no serum was present in the incubation medium, enhanced the effect of both antibiotics. when phagocytosis and intracellular killing were induced by the use of pre-opsonized s. aureus or the addition of serum during the incubation, the antibacterial effect of vancomycin and teicoplanin was dim ... | 1990 | 2142684 |
| human lysosomal cathepsin g and granzyme b share a functionally conserved broad spectrum antibacterial peptide. | human neutrophil lysosomal cathepsin g (cat g) exerts broad-spectrum antibacterial action in vitro against gram-negative and -positive bacteria independent of its serine protease activity. we recently determined that an internal peptide of cat g (hpqynqr), obtained after digestion of cat g with clostripain, possessed broad-spectrum antibacterial action in vitro, displaying an ed50 of 5 x 10(-5) m. in order to evaluate the structure-antibacterial properties of this peptide, synthetic variants wit ... | 1991 | 1985886 |
| endothelial cells inhibit receptor-mediated superoxide anion production by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes via a soluble inhibitor. | confluent monolayers of bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells (bpae) or human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huve) inhibited by 80 to 90% the production of o2- by added human neutrophils (pmns) stimulated by plasma membrane receptor-mediated activators (formylmethionylleucylphenylalanine [fmlp], opsonized zymosan, heat-killed staphylococci), but not by non-plasma membrane receptor-mediated activators (phorbol myristate acetate and delta-hexachlorocyclohexane). degranulation induced by fml ... | 1990 | 2155631 |
| regulation of human b cell responsiveness by cd8+ t cells: differential effects of stimulation with monoclonal antibodies to cd3 and pokeweed mitogen. | previous studies have shown that human cd8-positive t cells activated by immobilized mab to the cd3 complex have the capacity to support the generation of ig secreting cells (isc). the experiments reported here were undertaken to examine the nature of cd8+ t cell helper function in greater detail. cd8+ t cells that had been treated with mitomycin c (cd8+ mito) and stimulated by immobilized mab to cd3 (64.1) provided help for the generation of isc from resting b cells. by contrast, cd8+ mito did ... | 1990 | 2138519 |