| a randomized controlled laboratory study on the long-term effects of methylphenidate on cardiovascular function and structure in rhesus monkeys. | whether long-term methylphenidate (mph) results in any changes in cardiovascular function or structure can only be properly addressed through a randomized trial using an animal model which permits elevated dosing over an extended period of time. | 2019 | 30555154 |
| absence of spontaneous regeneration of endogenous pancreatic β-cells after chemical-induced diabetes and no effect of gaba on α-to-β cell transdifferentiation in rhesus monkeys. | β-cell deficiency is common feature of type 1 and late-stage of type 2 diabetes mellitus. thus, β-cell replacement therapy has been the focus of regenerative medicine past several decades. particularly, evidences suggest that β-cell regeneration via transdifferentiation from sources including α-cells is promising. however, data using higher mammals besides rodents are scarce. here, we examined whether endogenous pancreatic β-cells could regenerate spontaneously or under normoglycemia following p ... | 2019 | 30553443 |
| role of mu-opioid agonist efficacy on antinociceptive interactions between mu agonists and the nociceptin opioid peptide agonist ro 64-6198 in rhesus monkeys. | mu-opioid receptor agonists are clinically effective analgesics, but also produce undesirable effects that limit their clinical utility. the nociceptin opioid peptide (nop) receptor system also modulates nociception, and nop agonists might be useful adjuncts to enhance the analgesic effects or attenuate the undesirable effects of mu-opioid agonists. the present study determined behavioral interactions between the nop agonist (-)-ro 64-6198 and mu-opioid ligands that vary in mu-opioid receptor ef ... | 2019 | 30552903 |
| periventricular microglial cells interact with dividing precursor cells in the nonhuman primate and rodent prenatal cerebral cortex. | cortical proliferative zones have been studied for over 100 years, yet recent data have revealed that microglial cells constitute a sizeable proportion of ventricular zone cells during late stages of cortical neurogenesis. microglia begin colonizing the forebrain after neural tube closure and during later stages of neurogenesis populate regions of the developing cortex that include the proliferative zones. we previously showed that microglia regulate the production of cortical cells by phagocyto ... | 2019 | 30552670 |
| vaccine-induced protection from homologous tier 2 shiv challenge in nonhuman primates depends on serum-neutralizing antibody titers. | passive administration of hiv neutralizing antibodies (nabs) can protect macaques from hard-to-neutralize (tier 2) chimeric simian-human immunodeficiency virus (shiv) challenge. however, conditions for nab-mediated protection after vaccination have not been established. here, we selected groups of 6 rhesus macaques with either high or low serum nab titers from a total of 78 animals immunized with recombinant native-like (sosip) env trimers. repeat intrarectal challenge with homologous tier 2 shi ... | 2019 | 30552025 |
| preference for attractive faces is species-specific. | studies on facial attractiveness in human adults, infants, and newborns have consistently reported a visual preference for faces rated as attractive compared with faces rated as unattractive. biological accounts of facial attractiveness have typically presented such preferences as arising from adaptations for mate choice or as by-products of general sensory bias. in this cross-species study, we examined whether explicit ratings of attractiveness made by human judges would predict implicit visual ... | 2019 | 30550303 |
| detecting neurodevelopmental effects of early-gestation ethanol exposure: a nonhuman primate model of ethanol drinking during pregnancy. | gestational ethanol (etoh) exposure is associated with multiple developmental abnormalities, collectively termed fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (fasd). while the majority of women abstain from etoh following knowledge of pregnancy, one contributing factor to the high fasd prevalence is that pregnancy is not detected until 4 to 6 weeks. thus, etoh consumption continues during the initial stages of fetal development. | 2019 | 30549282 |
| quantification of infectious sendai virus using plaque assay. | sendai virus (sev) is an enveloped, single-stranded rna virus of the family paramyxoviridae. sev is a useful tool to study its infectious pathomechanism in immunology and the pathomechanism of a murine model of iga nephropathy. virus quantification is essential not only to determine the original viral titers for an appropriate application, but also to measure the viral titers in samples from the harvests from experiments. there are mainly a couple of units/titers for sendai viral quantification: ... | 2018 | 30547053 |
| aav8 gene therapy for crigler-najjar syndrome in macaques elicited transgene t cell responses that are resident to the liver. | systemic delivery of adeno-associated viral (aav) vectors has been evaluated for the treatment of several liver diseases, including homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency, and hemophilia. here, we evaluated this approach for the treatment of crigler-najjar syndrome. we administered wild-type rhesus macaques with 1.0 × 1013 or 2.5 × 1013 genome copies/kg of an aav serotype 8 vector expressing a codon-optimized version of human uridine diphosphate glucurono ... | 2018 | 30547050 |
| barcoding of macaque hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells: a robust platform to assess vector genotoxicity. | gene therapies using integrating retrovirus vectors to modify hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells have shown great promise for the treatment of immune system and hematologic diseases. however, activation of proto-oncogenes via insertional mutagenesis has resulted in the development of leukemia. we have utilized cellular bar coding to investigate the impact of different vector designs on the clonal behavior of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (hspcs) during in vivo expansion, as a quan ... | 2018 | 30547048 |
| spatiotemporal transcriptomic divergence across human and macaque brain development. | human nervous system development is an intricate and protracted process that requires precise spatiotemporal transcriptional regulation. we generated tissue-level and single-cell transcriptomic data from up to 16 brain regions covering prenatal and postnatal rhesus macaque development. integrative analysis with complementary human data revealed that global intraspecies (ontogenetic) and interspecies (phylogenetic) regional transcriptomic differences exhibit concerted cup-shaped patterns, with a ... | 2018 | 30545855 |
| subclinical infection of macaques and baboons with a baboon simarterivirus. | simarteriviruses (arteriviridae: simarterivirinae) are commonly found at high titers in the blood of african monkeys but do not cause overt disease in these hosts. in contrast, simarteriviruses cause severe disease in asian macaques upon accidental or experimental transmission. here, we sought to better understand the host-dependent drivers of simarterivirus pathogenesis by infecting olive baboons (n = 4) and rhesus monkeys (n = 4) with the simarterivirus southwest baboon virus 1 (swbv-1). surpr ... | 2018 | 30544677 |
| immunotoxin-induced ablation of the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in rhesus monkeys. | purpose: intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (iprgcs) contain the photopigment melanopsin, and are primarily involved in non-image forming functions, such as the pupillary light reflex and circadian rhythm entrainment. the goal of this study was to develop and validate a targeted iprgc immunotoxin to ultimately examine the role of iprgcs in macaque monkeys. methods: an immunotoxin for the macaque melanopsin gene (opn4), consisting of a saporin-conjugated antibody directed at the ... | 2018 | 30542318 |
| the frequency of vaccine-induced t-cell responses does not predict the rate of acquisition after repeated intrarectal sivmac239 challenges in mamu-b*08+ rhesus macaques. | approximately 50% of rhesus macaques (rms) expressing the major histocompatibility complex class i (mhc-i) allele mamu-b*08 spontaneously control chronic-phase viremia after infection with the pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus mac239 (sivmac239) clone. cd8+ t-cell responses in these animals are focused on immunodominant mamu-b*08-restricted siv epitopes in vif and nef, and prophylactic vaccination with these epitopes increases the incidence of elite control in sivmac239-infected mamu-b*08 ... | 2019 | 30541854 |
| coadministration of ch31 broadly neutralizing antibody does not affect development of vaccine-induced anti-hiv-1 envelope antibody responses in infant rhesus macaques. | prevention of mother-to-child transmission (mtct) is an indispensable component in combatting the global aids epidemic. a combination of passive broadly neutralizing antibody (bnab) infusion and active vaccination promises to provide protection of infants against mtct from birth through the breastfeeding period and could prime the immune system for lifelong immunity. in this study, we investigate the impact of a single infusion of cd4 binding site (cd4bs) bnab administered at birth on de novo an ... | 2019 | 30541851 |
| novel modified vaccinia virus ankara vector expressing anti-apoptotic gene b13r delays apoptosis and enhances humoral responses. | modified vaccinia virus ankara (mva), an attenuated poxvirus, has been developed as a potential vaccine vector for use against cancer and multiple infectious diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). mva is highly immunogenic and elicits strong cellular and humoral responses in preclinical models and humans. however, there is potential to further enhance the immunogenicity of mva, as mva-infected cells undergo rapid apoptosis, leading to faster clearance of recombinant antigens and ... | 2019 | 30541829 |
| longitudinal evaluation of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta) model of hiv infection. | pulmonary arterial hypertension (pah) is a life-threatening disease with higher incidence in hiv-infected compared with noninfected patients. siv-infected nhp develop clinical manifestations of hiv infection, including pah. to understand the pathogenesis of pah and determine the relationship between hemodynamic changes and clinical characteristics associated with siv infection, we performed right heart catheterization and echocardiographic imaging of 21 rhesus macaques before and after siv infec ... | 2018 | 30541636 |
| spike detection and spike sorting with a hidden markov model improves offline decoding of motor cortical recordings. | detection and sorting (classification) of action potentials from extracellular recordings are two important pre-processing steps for brain-computer interfaces (bcis) and some neuroscientific studies. traditional approaches perform these two steps serially, but using shapes of action potential waveforms during detection, i.e. combining the two steps, may lead to better performance, especially during high noise. we propose a hidden markov model (hmm) based method for combined detecting and sorting ... | 2019 | 30523823 |
| a comparative study of the pharmacokinetics of clozapine n-oxide and clozapine n-oxide hydrochloride salt in rhesus macaques. | translating chemogenetic techniques from nonhuman primates to potential clinical applications has been complicated in part due to in vivo conversion of the chemogenetic actuator, clozapine n-oxide (cno), to its pharmacologically active parent compound, clozapine, a ligand with known side effects, including five boxed warnings from the food and drug administration. additionally, the limited solubility of cno requires high concentrations of potentially toxic detergents such as dimethylsulfoxide (d ... | 2019 | 30523062 |
| comparison of vaccination with rhesus cmv (rhcmv) soluble gb with a rhcmv replication-defective virus deleted for mhc class i immune evasion genes in a rhcmv challenge model. | a human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) vaccine to prevent infection and/or reduce disease associated with congenital infection or visceral disease in transplant recipients is a high priority, but has remained elusive. we created a disabled infectious single cycle rhesus cmv (rhcmv) deleted for glycoprotein l (gl) and the mhc class i immune evasion genes rh178 and rh182-189, and restored its epithelial cell tropism by inserting the rh128-131a genes. the resulting virus, rhcmvrδgl/178/182-189, was used to ... | 2019 | 30522906 |
| 13c-lutein is differentially distributed in tissues of an adult female rhesus macaque following a single oral administration: a pilot study. | despite the growing awareness regarding lutein's putative roles in eyes and brain, its pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution in primates have been poorly understood. we hypothesized that 13c-lutein will be differentially distributed into tissues of an adult rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta) 3 days following a single oral dose. after a year of prefeeding a diet supplemented with unlabeled lutein (1 μmol/kg/d), a 19-year-old female was dosed with 1.92 mg of highly enriched 13c-lutein. tissues of ... | 2019 | 30522845 |
| transfer function of the rhesus macaque oculomotor system for small-amplitude slow motion trajectories. | two main types of small eye movements occur during gaze fixation: microsaccades and slow ocular drifts. while microsaccade generation has been relatively well studied, ocular drift control mechanisms are unknown. here we explored the degree to which monkey smooth eye movements, on the velocity scale of slow ocular drifts, can be generated systematically. two male rhesus macaque monkeys tracked a spot moving sinusoidally, but slowly, along the horizontal or vertical direction. maximum target disp ... | 2019 | 30540500 |
| author correction: transcription start site profiling of 15 anatomical regions of the macaca mulatta central nervous system. | the authors regret that luba m. pardo was omitted in error from the author list of the original version of this data descriptor. this omission has now been corrected in the html and pdf versions. the authors also regret that anemieke rozemuller was omitted in error from the acknowledgements of the original version of this data descriptor. this omission has now been corrected in the html and pdf versions. | 2018 | 30538238 |
| social status alters chromatin accessibility and the gene regulatory response to glucocorticoid stimulation in rhesus macaques. | low social status is an important predictor of disease susceptibility and mortality risk in humans and other social mammals. these effects are thought to stem in part from dysregulation of the glucocorticoid (gc)-mediated stress response. however, the molecular mechanisms that connect low social status and gc dysregulation to downstream health outcomes remain elusive. here, we used an in vitro gc challenge to investigate the consequences of experimentally manipulated social status (i.e., dominan ... | 2019 | 30538209 |
| dominance rank-associated gene expression is widespread, sex-specific, and a precursor to high social status in wild male baboons. | in humans and other hierarchical species, social status is tightly linked to variation in health and fitness-related traits. experimental manipulations of social status in female rhesus macaques suggest that this relationship is partially explained by status effects on immune gene regulation. however, social hierarchies are established and maintained in different ways across species: while some are based on kin-directed nepotism, others emerge from direct physical competition. we investigated ho ... | 2018 | 30538194 |
| quality, bioactivity study, and preclinical acute toxicity, safety pharmacology evaluation of pegylated recombinant human endostatin (m2 es). | endostar, a potent endogenous antiangiogenic factor, is wildly used in clinics. however, it was easily degraded by enzymes and rapidly cleared by the kidneys. to overcome these shortcomings, pegylated recombinant human endostatin was developed. in this study, the purity of m2 es was evaluated by silver stain and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. ultraviolet spectrum was used to examine the structural of m2 es and endostar. the bioactivity and antitumor efficacy of m2 es were ... | 2019 | 30536793 |
| complete genome sequences of six novel macaca mulatta papillomavirus types isolated from genital sites of rhesus monkeys in hong kong sar, china. | the complete genomes of six macaca mulatta papillomavirus types isolated from genital sites of rhesus monkeys were characterized, and less than 72% identity with the complete l1 genes of known papillomaviruses was found. macaca mulatta papillomavirus type 2 (mmpv2), mmpv3, and mmpv6 cluster into the genus alphapapillomavirus, and mmpv4, mmpv5, and mmpv7 cluster into the genus gammapapillomavirus. | 2018 | 30533857 |
| myeloid cells in intact human cervical explants capture hiv and can transmit it to cd4 t cells. | the importance of myeloid cells in hiv transmission in the female genital tract is uncertain. because it is difficult to study the early events in hiv transmission in humans, most of our knowledge is based on animal models of siv infection in rhesus macaques and more recently hiv infection in humanized mice. however, these models may not accurately recapitulate transmission in the human genital tract. cd14+ myeloid cells are the most abundant hematopoietic cells in the human cervical mucosa, com ... | 2018 | 30532754 |
| a novel large animal model of recurrent migraine established by repeated administration of inflammatory soup into the dura mater of the rhesus monkey. | several animal models of migraine have been established, and those based on trigeminovascular system activation are widely accepted. however, most of these models have been established on lower animals, such as rodents, and involve only a single administration of a noxious stimulus. in this study, an inflammatory soup (10 μl), consisting of prostaglandin e2 (0.2 mm), serotonin (2 mm), bradykinin (2 mm) and histamine (2 mm), was injected into the dura mater of conscious rhesus monkeys through an ... | 2019 | 30531083 |
| changes in endogenous dopamine induced by methylphenidate predict functional connectivity in nonhuman primates. | dopamine (da) levels in the striatum are increased by many therapeutic drugs, such as methylphenidate (mph), which also alters behavioral and cognitive functions thought to be controlled by the pfc dose-dependently. we linked da changes and functional connectivity (fc) using simultaneous [18f]fallypride pet and resting-state fmri in awake male rhesus monkeys after oral administration of various doses of mph. we found a negative correlation between [18f]fallypride nondisplaceable binding potentia ... | 2019 | 30530859 |
| neural intrinsic timescales in the macaque dorsal premotor cortex predict the strength of spatial response coding. | our brain continuously receives information over multiple timescales that are differently processed across areas. in this study, we investigated the intrinsic timescale of neurons in the dorsal premotor cortex (pmd) of two rhesus macaques while performing a non-match-to-goal task. the task rule was to reject the previously chosen target and select the alternative one. we defined the intrinsic timescale as the decay constant of the autocorrelation structure computed during a baseline period of th ... | 2018 | 30529952 |
| male-inflicted wounds have opposite effects on hair cortisol for captive male and female rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) following new group formation. | sexual dimorphism in body size, aggression, and dispersal patterns may affect the degree to which males and females perceive aggression from either sex as stressful. whereas male macaques typically disperse to new groups at maturity, thus encountering many unfamiliar individuals of both sexes, females are philopatric, usually only encountering unfamiliar males who transfer into their natal groups. in rare circumstances, however, group fusions can expose both males and females to many novel indiv ... | 2019 | 30506293 |
| nonverbal working memory for novel images in rhesus monkeys. | human working memory is greatly facilitated by linguistic representations-for example, by verbal rehearsal and by verbal recoding of novel stimuli. the absence of language in nonhumans raises questions about the extent to which nonhuman working memory includes similar mechanisms. there is strong evidence for rehearsal-like active maintenance in working memory when monkeys are tested with highly familiar stimuli, but not when tested with novel stimuli, suggesting that working memory depends on th ... | 2018 | 30503618 |
| cmv primes functional alternative signaling in adaptive δg nk cells but is subverted by lentivirus infection in rhesus macaques. | despite burgeoning evidence demonstrating the adaptive properties of natural killer (nk) cells, mechanistic data explaining these phenomena are lacking. following antibody sensitization, nk cells lacking the fc receptor (fcr) signaling chain (δg) acquire adaptive features, including robust proliferation, multifunctionality, rapid killing, and mobilization to sites of virus exposure. using the rhesus macaque model, we demonstrate the systemic distribution of δg nk cells expressing memory features ... | 2018 | 30517864 |
| vectored delivery of anti-siv envelope targeting mab via aav8 protects rhesus macaques from repeated limiting dose intrarectal swarm sivsme660 challenge. | gene based delivery of immunoglobulins promises to safely and durably provide protective immunity to individuals at risk of acquiring infectious diseases such as hiv. we used a rhesus macaque animal model to optimize delivery of naturally-arising, autologous anti-siv neutralizing antibodies expressed by adeno-associated virus 8 (aav8) vectors. vectored transgene expression was confirmed by quantitation of target antibody abundance in serum and mucosal surfaces. we tested the expression achieved ... | 2018 | 30517201 |
| altering alpha-frequency brain oscillations with rapid analog feedback-driven neurostimulation. | oscillations of the brain's local field potential (lfp) may coordinate neural ensembles and brain networks. it has been difficult to causally test this model or to translate its implications into treatments, because there are few reliable ways to alter lfp oscillations. we developed a closed-loop analog circuit to enhance brain oscillations by feeding them back into cortex through phase-locked transcranial electrical stimulation. we tested the system in a rhesus macaque with chronically implante ... | 2018 | 30517149 |
| identification of expressed mirnas in human rheumatoid arthritis using computational approach - discovery of a new mir-7167 from human. | rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is a chronic inflammatory and autoimmune disease leading to bones and joints destruction. it is one of the major causes of lifetime disability and mortality among humans in the developing and developed countries. it was evident that epigenetic dysregulation is related to the pathogenesis of ra. micrornas (mirnas) are small non-coding rnas that are epigenetic regulators for diverse biological processes and also provided novel molecular insights in the formation of arthri ... | 2019 | 30514198 |
| recognition memory in marmoset and macaque monkeys: a comparison of active vision. | the core functional organization of the primate brain is remarkably conserved across the order, but behavioral differences evident between species likely reflect derived modifications in the underlying neural processes. here, we performed the first study to directly compare visual recognition memory in two primate species-rhesus macaques and marmoset monkeys-on the same visual preferential looking task as a first step toward identifying similarities and differences in this cognitive process acro ... | 2019 | 30513042 |
| genetic and environmental factors in the intergenerational transmission of maternal care in rhesus macaques: preliminary findings. | early life experiences reorganize the brain and behavior of the developing infant, often with lifelong consequences. there is perhaps no more potent developmental influence than the quality of parental care: it is an experience common to all mammals, and its effects have been observed across species. the effects of parental care can be particularly difficult to abolish, as levels of care are often perpetuated across generations. however, genetic relatedness between parents can obscure the true m ... | 2018 | 30512216 |
| hiv-1 t cell epitopes targeted to rhesus macaque cd40 and dcir: a comparative study of prototype dendritic cell targeting therapeutic vaccine candidates. | hiv-1 infection can be controlled by anti-retroviral drug therapy, but this is a lifetime treatment and the virus remains latent and rapidly rebounds if therapy is stopped. hiv-1-infected individuals under this drug regimen have increased rates of cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and autoimmunity due to compromised immunity. a therapeutic vaccine boosting cellular immunity against hiv-1 is therefore desirable and, possibly combined with other immune modulating agents, could obviate the need for ... | 2018 | 30500852 |
| vitamin d3 regulates follicular development and intrafollicular vitamin d biosynthesis and signaling in the primate ovary. | there is an increasing recognition that vitamin d plays important roles in female reproduction. recent studies demonstrated that 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 (vd3), the biologically active form of vitamin d, improved ovarian follicle survival and growth in vitro. therefore, we investigated the direct effects of vd3 at the specific preantral and antral stages of follicular development, and tested the hypothesis that vitamin d receptor (vdr) and enzymes critical for vitamin d biosynthesis are express ... | 2018 | 30487754 |
| identification and functional characterization of a novel fc gamma-binding glycoprotein in rhesus cytomegalovirus. | receptors recognizing the fc part of immunoglobulin g (fcγrs) are key determinants in antibody-mediated immune responses. members of the herpesviridae interfere with this immune regulatory network by expressing viral fcγrs (vfcγrs). human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) encodes four distinct vfcγrs that differ with respect to their igg subtype specificity and their impact on antibody-mediated immune function in vitro the impact of vfcγrs on hcmv pathogenesis and immunomodulation in vivo is not known. the ... | 2019 | 30487278 |
| longitudinal mri evaluation of ischemic stroke in the basal ganglia of a rhesus macaque (macaca mulatta) with seizures. | an adult rhesus macaque developed seizures after the induction of ischemic stroke. initially, on the day of surgery, a focal ischemic lesion was present exclusively in the right caudate nucleus. by 48 h after stroke induction, the lesion had extended into the putamen, when a seizure was observed. our report highlights the temporal changes in infarction of unilateral basal ganglia after acute stroke and the accompanying clinical symptoms. this unusual case may provide additional information regar ... | 2018 | 30486918 |
| neural dynamics at successive stages of the ventral visual stream are consistent with hierarchical error signals. | ventral visual stream neural responses are dynamic, even for static image presentations. however, dynamical neural models of visual cortex are lacking as most progress has been made modeling static, time-averaged responses. here, we studied population neural dynamics during face detection across three cortical processing stages. remarkably,~30 milliseconds after the initially evoked response, we found that neurons in intermediate level areas decreased their responses to typical configurations of ... | 2018 | 30484773 |
| estrogen alters the synaptic distribution of phospho-glun2b in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex while promoting working memory in aged rhesus monkeys. | age- and menopause-related deficits in working memory can be partially restored with estradiol replacement in women and female nonhuman primates. working memory is a cognitive function reliant on persistent firing of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlpfc) neurons that requires the activation of glun2b-containing glutamate nmda receptors. we tested the hypothesis that the distribution of phospho-tyr1472-glun2b (pglun2b), a predominant form of glun2b seen at the synapse, is sensitive to aging or e ... | 2018 | 30482274 |
| coping style and cortisol levels in infancy predict hair cortisol following new group formation in captive rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta). | social instability in primate groups has been used as a model to understand how social stress affects human populations. while it is well established that individual cercopithecines have different temperaments or personalities, little is known about how temperament mediates the experience of social instability in large, naturalistic groups. here, we report findings from a study tracking a newly formed group of captive rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta). we examine whether inter-individual differen ... | 2018 | 30480316 |
| low-frequency fluctuation characteristics in rhesus macaques with siv infection: a resting-state fmri study. | simian immunodeficiency virus (siv)-infected macaque is a widely used model to study human immunodeficiency virus. the purpose of the study is to discover the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (alff) and fractional alff (falff) changes in siv-infected macaques. seven rhesus macaques were involved in the longitudinal mri scans: (1) baseline (healthy state); (2) siv infection stage (12 weeks after siv inoculation). alff and falff were subsequently computed and compared to ascertain the change ... | 2019 | 30478797 |
| 2d/3d cmr tissue tracking versus cmr tagging in the assessment of spontaneous t2dm rhesus monkeys with isolated diastolic dysfunction. | spontaneous t2dm in rhesus monkeys manifests as isolated diastolic dysfunction in the early stage of diabetic cardiomyopathy, similar to humans. myocardial deformation measurements have emerged as a superior way to measure left ventricular (lv) function in the early stage of cardiac dysfunction, making it possible to further evaluate early-stage lv dysfunction in spontaneous t2dm rhesus monkeys. | 2018 | 30477437 |
| a primer set for comprehensive amplification of v-genes from rhesus macaque origin based on repertoire sequencing. | recombinant antibodies serve as therapeutic molecules for a broad range of applications. high affinity antibodies are typically isolated following an active and effective immunization. human-like antibodies may be obtained from immunized nonhuman primates (nhp), such as rhesus macaque, when immunized human origin is not available. for the isolation of such antibodies, strategies like phage and yeast display, are employed. these strategies are primarily based on the amplification of the rearrange ... | 2019 | 30471299 |
| comparative analysis of expression of microbial sensing molecules in mucosal tissues with periodontal disease. | host-derived pattern recognition receptors (prrs) are necessary for effective innate immune engagement of pathogens that express microbial-associated molecular patterns (mamp) ligands for these prrs. this study used a nonhuman primate model to evaluate the expression of these sensing molecules in gingival tissues. macaca mulatta aged 12-24 with a healthy periodontium (n = 13) or periodontitis (n = 11) provided gingival tissues for assessment of naturally-occurring periodontitis. an additional gr ... | 2019 | 30470434 |
| effects of acute treatments with the serotonin 2a antagonist m100907 alone or in combination with the serotonin 2c agonist way163909 on methamphetamine self-administration in rhesus monkeys. | serotonin 5-ht2a receptor antagonists and 5-ht2c receptor agonists have been proposed as important candidates for the development of pharmacotherapies for psychostimulant abuse, with evidence suggesting that those receptors may act together to control behavior. however, the role of 5-ht2a receptors on the reinforcing effects of psychostimulant drugs has not been fully elucidated. | 2019 | 30469095 |
| virome biogeography in the lower gastrointestinal tract of rhesus macaques with chronic diarrhea. | the composition of gastrointestinal tract viromes has been associated with multiple diseases. our understanding of virus communities in the gi tract is still very limited due to challenges in sampling from different gi sites. here we defined the gi viromes of 15 rhesus macaques with chronic diarrhea. luminal content samples from terminal ileum, proximal and distal colon were collected at necropsy while samples from the rectum were collected antemortem using a fecal loop. the composition of and e ... | 2019 | 30468938 |
| methylome profiling of healthy and central precocious puberty girls. | recent studies demonstrated that changes in dna methylation (dnam) and inactivation of two imprinted genes (mkrn3 and dlk1) alter the onset of female puberty. we aimed to investigate the association of dnam profiling with the timing of human puberty analyzing the genome-wide dnam patterns of peripheral blood leukocytes from ten female patients with central precocious puberty (cpp) and 33 healthy girls (15 pre- and 18 post-pubertal). for this purpose, we performed comparisons between the groups: ... | 2018 | 30466473 |
| early t follicular helper cell responses and germinal center reactions are associated with viremia control in immunized rhesus macaques. | t follicular helper (tfh) cells are fundamental in germinal center (gc) maturation and selection of antigen-specific b cells within secondary lymphoid organs. gc-resident tfh cells have been fully characterized in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. however, the role of gc tfh cells in gc b cell responses following various simian immunodeficiency virus (siv) vaccine regimens in rhesus macaques (rms) has not been fully investigated. we characterized gc tfh cells of rms over the course o ... | 2019 | 30463978 |
| reversal and prevention of the respiratory-depressant effects of heroin by the novel μ-opioid receptor antagonist methocinnamox in rhesus monkeys. | one consequence of the ongoing opioid epidemic is a large number of overdose deaths. naloxone reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression; however, its short duration of action limits the protection it can provide. methocinnamox (mcam) is a novel opioid receptor antagonist with a long duration of action. this study examined the ability of mcam to prevent and reverse the respiratory-depressant effects (minute volume [ve]) of heroin in five monkeys. mcam (0.32 mg/kg) was given before heroin to ... | 2019 | 30463875 |
| macro-connectomics and microstructure predict dynamic plasticity patterns in the non-human primate brain. | the brain displays a remarkable ability to adapt following injury by altering its connections through neural plasticity. many of the biological mechanisms that underlie plasticity are known, but there is little knowledge as to when, or where in the brain plasticity will occur following injury. this knowledge could guide plasticity-promoting interventions and create a more accurate roadmap of the recovery process following injury. we causally investigated the time-course of plasticity after hippo ... | 2018 | 30462609 |
| multisensory perception of looming and receding objects in human newborns. | when newborns leave the enclosed spatial environment of the uterus and arrive in the outside world, they are faced with a new audiovisual environment of dynamic objects, actions and events both close to themselves and further away. one particular challenge concerns matching and making sense of the visual and auditory cues specifying object motion [1-5]. previous research shows that adults prioritise the integration of auditory and visual information indicating looming (for example [2]) and that ... | 2018 | 30458145 |
| cortical decoding of individual finger group motions using refit kalman filter. | objective: to date, many brain-machine interface (bmi) studies have developed decoding algorithms for neuroprostheses that provide users with precise control of upper arm reaches with some limited grasping capabilities. however, comparatively few have focused on quantifying the performance of precise finger control. here we expand upon this work by investigating online control of individual finger groups. approach: we have developed a novel training manipulandum for non-human primate (nhp) studi ... | 2018 | 30455621 |
| which male and female characteristics influence the probability of extragroup paternities in rhesus macaques, macaca mulatta? | extragroup paternity (egp) is found across a wide range of species and may entail reproductive benefits, but may also entail costs to both sexes. while population and group parameters affecting the degree of egps are relatively well established, less is known about the individual characteristics that make males and females engage in alternative reproductive tactics such as egp. applying a combination of long-term demographic and genetic data from the rhesus macaque population of cayo santiago (p ... | 2018 | 30455506 |
| effect of menstrual cycle on ethanol drinking in rhesus monkeys. | sex differences in the abuse-related effects of alcohol have been demonstrated in the clinic and in preclinical animal models. less is known about the influence of menstrual cycle phase on drinking. | 2019 | 30453105 |
| self-injurious behaviours in rhesus macaques: potential glial mechanisms. | self-injurious behaviour (sib) can be classified as intentional, direct injuring of body tissue usually without suicidal intent. in its non-suicidal form it is commonly seen as a clinical sign of borderline personality disorder, autism, ptsd, depression, and anxiety affecting a wide range of ages and conditions. in rhesus macaques sib is most commonly manifested through hair plucking, self-biting, self-hitting, and head banging. sib in the form of self-biting is observed in approximately 5-15% o ... | 2018 | 30450801 |
| effect of vasopressin v1b receptor blockade on activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in old monkeys with depression-like and anxious behavior subjected to stress or injected with vasopressin. | the effect of selective antagonist of the arginine vasopressin (avp) v1b receptors on the secretion of acth and corticosteroids in response to insulin-induced hypoglycemia and injection of avp is studied in old macaca mulatta females with depression-like and anxious behavior. intravenous antagonist in a dose of 1.1-1.7 μg/kg inhibits the increase of acth concentration, induced by hypoglycemia or injection of avp. the degree of increase in the concentrations of hydrocortisone and dehydroepiandros ... | 2018 | 30450521 |
| true homoplasy of retrotransposon insertions in primates. | how reliable are the presence/absence insertion patterns of the supposedly homoplasy-free retrotransposons, which were randomly inserted in the quasi infinite genomic space? to systematically examine this question in an up-to-date, multigenome comparison, we screened millions of primate transposed alu sine elements for incidences of homoplasious precise insertions and deletions. in genome-wide analyses, we identified and manually verified nine cases of precise parallel alu insertions of apparent ... | 2019 | 30445649 |
| early life exposure to extended general anesthesia with isoflurane and nitrous oxide reduces responsivity on a cognitive test battery in the nonhuman primate. | despite the widespread use of general anesthesia, a growing body of research suggests that anesthesia exposure early in life may be associated with acute neurotoxicity and lasting behavioral changes. to better evaluate the risk posed by early life anesthesia on cognitive development, infant rhesus monkeys were exposed to an anesthesia regimen previously shown to be neurotoxic and their cognitive development was subsequently measured using a translational operant test battery. on postnatal day 5 ... | 2019 | 30445043 |
| estimation of neural inputs and detection of saccades and smooth pursuit eye movements by sparse bayesian learning. | eye movements reveal a great wealth of information about the visual system and the brain. therefore, eye movements can serve as diagnostic markers for various neurological disorders. for an objective analysis, it is crucial to have an automatic and robust procedure to extract relevant eye movement parameters. an essential step towards this goal is to detect and separate different types of eye movements such as fixations, saccades and smooth pursuit. we have developed a model-based approach to pe ... | 2018 | 30440945 |
| specific members of the gut microbiota are reliable biomarkers of irradiation intensity and lethality in large animal models of human health. | the development of effective biomarkers for detecting the magnitude of radiation exposure and resiliency of host response is crucial to identifying appropriate treatment strategies after radiation exposure. we hypothesized that the gastrointestinal resident bacteria would demonstrate predictable, dose-dependent changes after radiation exposure across two large animal models of acute radiation syndrome. here, göttingen minipigs (gmp) (n = 50) and rhesus macaques (n = 48) were exposed to five dose ... | 2019 | 30430918 |
| treatment of female rhesus macaques with a somatostatin receptor antagonist that increases oocyte fertilization rates without affecting post-fertilization development outcomes. | to determine the effects of pgl1001, a somatostatin receptor isoform-2 (sstr-2) antagonist, on ovarian follicle development, oocyte fertilization, and subsequent embryo developmental potential in the rhesus macaque. | 2019 | 30430314 |
| optimization of preclinical metabolism for somatostatin receptor subtype 5-selective antagonists. | a series of structurally diverse azaspirodecanone and spirooxazolidinone analogues were designed and synthesized as potent and selective somatostatin receptor subtype 5 (sstr5) antagonists. four optimized compounds each representing a subseries showed improvement in their metabolic stability and pharmacokinetic profiles compared to those of the original lead compound 1 while maintaining pharmacodynamic efficacy. the optimized cyclopropyl analogue 13 demonstrated efficacy in a mouse oral glucose ... | 2018 | 30429950 |
| priming with a potent hiv-1 dna vaccine frames the quality of immune responses prior to a poxvirus and protein boost. | the use of heterologous immunization regimens and improved vector systems has led to increases in immunogenicity of hiv-1 vaccine candidates in nonhuman primates. in order to resolve interrelations between different delivery modalities, three different poxvirus boost regimens were compared. three groups of rhesus macaques were each primed with the same dna vaccine encoding gag, pol, nef, and gp140. the groups were then boosted with either the vaccinia virus strain nyvac or a variant with improve ... | 2019 | 30429343 |
| replication-competent nyvac-kc yields improved immunogenicity to hiv-1 antigens in rhesus macaques compared to nonreplicating nyvac. | as part of the continuing effort to develop an effective hiv vaccine, we generated a poxviral vaccine vector (previously described) designed to improve on the results of the rv144 phase iii clinical trial. the construct, nyvac-kc, is a replication-competent, attenuated recombinant of the vaccinia virus strain nyvac. nyvac is a vector that has been used in many previous clinical studies but is replication deficient. here, we report a side-by-side comparison of replication-restricted nyvac and rep ... | 2019 | 30429340 |
| construction of spatiotemporal infant cortical surface atlas of rhesus macaque. | as a widely used animal model in mr imaging studies, rhesus macaque helps to better understand both normal and abnormal neural development in the human brain. however, the available adult macaque brain atlases are not well suitable for study of brain development at the early postnatal stage, since this stage undergoes dramatic changes in brain appearances and structures. building age matched atlases for this critical period is thus highly desirable yet still lacking. in this paper, we construct ... | 2018 | 30416671 |
| comparison of small-incision femtosecond laser-assisted intrastromal keratoplasty and lamellar keratoplasty in rhesus monkeys using xenogenic corneal lamellae. | in our previous study, both allogeneic and xenogeneic smallincision femtosecond laser-assisted intrastromal keratoplasty were demonstrated to be safe and effective surgeries. glycerol-dehydrated corneal lamellae could serve as alternative xenogeneic inlay grafts. however, these xenogeneic lamellae have not been explored in lamellar keratoplasty (lk). the immunoreactivity differences between corneal intrastromal xenotransplantation and xenogeneic lk have not been assessed. | 2018 | 30411683 |
| synaptic distributions of ps214-tau in rhesus monkey prefrontal cortex are associated with spine density, but not with cognitive decline. | female rhesus monkeys and women are subject to age- and menopause-related deficits in working memory, an executive function mediated by the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlpfc). long-term cyclic administration of 17β-estradiol improves working memory, and restores highly plastic axospinous synapses within layer iii dlpfc of aged ovariectomized monkeys. in this study, we tested the hypothesis that synaptic distributions of tau protein phosphorylated at serine 214 (ps214-tau) are altered with ag ... | 2019 | 30408169 |
| electrical microstimulation of visual cerebral cortex elevates psychophysical detection thresholds. | sensory prostheses can restore aspects of natural sensation by delivering electrical current directly into sensory circuits. an effective sensory prosthetic should be capable of generating reliable real-time perceptual signals for hours each day over many years. however, we still know little regarding the stability of percepts produced by electrical microstimulation of cerebral sensory cortex when stimulation is delivered repeatedly over long periods. developing methods that yield highly sensiti ... | 2019 | 30406199 |
| immune protection of siv challenge by pd-1 blockade during vaccination in rhesus monkeys. | though immune correlates for protection are still under investigation, potent cytotoxic t lymphocyte responses are desirable for an ideal hiv-1 vaccine. pd-1 blockade enhances siv-specific cd8+ t cells. however, little information has been reported about how it affects the immunogenicity and protection of prophylactic siv vaccines in nonhuman primates. here, we show that pd-1 blockade during vaccination substantially improved protective efficacy in siv challenged macaques. the pd-1 pathway was b ... | 2018 | 30405615 |
| cxcr4- and ccr5-tropic hiv-1 clones are both tractable to grow in rhesus macaques. | a major issue for present hiv-1 research is to establish model systems that reflect or mimic viral replication and pathogenesis actually observed in infected humans. to this end, various strategies using macaques as infection targets have long been pursued. in particular, experimental infections of rhesus macaques by hiv-1 derivatives have been believed to be best suited, if practicable, for studies on interaction of hiv-1 and humans under various circumstances. recently, through in vitro geneti ... | 2018 | 30405570 |
| reactivation of simian varicella virus in rhesus macaques after cd4 t cell depletion. | rhesus macaques intrabronchially inoculated with simian varicella virus (svv), the counterpart of human varicella-zoster virus (vzv), developed primary infection with viremia and rash, which resolved upon clearance of viremia, followed by the establishment of latency. to assess the role of cd4 t cell immunity in reactivation, monkeys were treated with a single 50-mg/kg dose of a humanized monoclonal anti-cd4 antibody; within 1 week, circulating cd4 t cells were reduced from 40 to 60% to 5 to 30% ... | 2019 | 30404798 |
| high-throughput sequencing of putative novel micrornas in rhesus monkey peripheral blood mononuclear cells following ev71 and ca16 infection. | enterovirus 71 (ev71) and coxsackievirus a16 (ca16) remain the major pathogens in hand, foot, and mouth disease (hfmd) cases, but the mechanisms of the different pathogeneses that follow ev71 and ca16 infection remain largely unknown. | 2018 | 30404089 |
| long-lasting effects of methocinnamox on opioid self-administration in rhesus monkeys. | opioid abuse remains a serious public health challenge, despite the availability of medications that are effective in some patients (naltrexone, buprenorphine, and methadone). this study explored the potential of a pseudoirreversible mu-opioid receptor antagonist [methocinnamox (mcam)] as a treatment for opioid abuse by examining its capacity to attenuate the reinforcing effects of mu-opioid receptor agonists in rhesus monkeys. in one experiment, monkeys responded for heroin (n = 5) or cocaine ( ... | 2019 | 30401680 |
| presence of pig igg and igm in sera samples from baboons after an orthotopic liver xenotransplantation. | the immunorejection in xenotransplantation has mostly been studied from the host's immune system activation point of view and there is very little information about the graft-vs-host reaction. | 2018 | 30401409 |
| analysis of erythrocyte dynamics in rhesus macaque monkeys during infection with plasmodium cynomolgi. | malaria is a major mosquito transmitted, blood-borne parasitic disease that afflicts humans. the disease causes anaemia and other clinical complications, which can lead to death. plasmodium vivax is known for its reticulocyte host cell specificity, but many gaps in disease details remain. much less is known about the closely related species, plasmodium cynomolgi, although it is naturally acquired and causes zoonotic malaria. here, a computational model is developed based on longitudinal analyses ... | 2018 | 30400896 |
| tafenoquine and primaquine do not exhibit clinical neurologic signs associated with central nervous system lesions in the same manner as earlier 8-aminoquinolines. | tafenoquine was recently approved for plasmodium vivax radical cure (krintafel™) and malaria prevention (arakoda™). | 2018 | 30400893 |
| 2-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)pyrimidines as prospective radioligands for imaging cyclooxygenase-2 with pet-synthesis, triage, and radiolabeling. | cyclooxygenase 2 (cox-2) is an inducible enzyme responsible for the conversion of arachidonic acid into the prostaglandins, pgg2 and pgh2. expression of this enzyme increases in inflammation. therefore, the development of probes for imaging cox-2 with positron emission tomography (pet) has gained interest because they could be useful for the study of inflammation in vivo, and for aiding anti-inflammatory drug development targeting cox-2. nonetheless, effective pet radioligands are still lacking. ... | 2018 | 30400142 |
| mucosal t helper 17 and t regulatory cell homeostasis correlate with acute simian immunodeficiency virus viremia and responsiveness to antiretroviral therapy in macaques. | depletion of gut t helper 17 (th17) cells during hiv infection leads to decreased mucosal integrity and increased disease progression. conversely, t regulatory (treg) cells may inhibit antiviral responses or immune activation. in hiv elite controllers, a balanced th17/treg ratio is maintained in the blood, suggesting a role for these responses in controlling inflammation and viral replication. hiv-infected individuals exhibit a range in responsiveness to combination antiretroviral therapy (cart) ... | 2019 | 30398361 |
| stage-specific modulation of antimüllerian hormone promotes primate follicular development and oocyte maturation in the matrix-free three-dimensional culture. | to study whether follicular growth and oocyte maturation can be improved by antimüllerian hormone (amh) modulation at specific stages of follicular development. | 2018 | 30396561 |
| synthesis and in vivo evaluation of a novel pet radiotracer for imaging of synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2a (sv2a) in nonhuman primates. | structural disruption and alterations of synapses are associated with many brain disorders including alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, depression, and schizophrenia. we have previously developed the pet radiotracer 11c-ucb-j for imaging and quantification of synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2a (sv2a) and synaptic density in nonhuman primates and humans. here we report the synthesis of a novel radiotracer 18f-sdm-8 and its in vivo evaluation in rhesus monkeys. the in vitro binding assay of sdm-8 showed ... | 2019 | 30396272 |
| neutrophil progenitor populations of rhesus macaques. | captive-bred rhesus macaques of indian origin represent one of the most important large animal models for infectious disease, solid organ transplantation, and stem cell research. there is a dearth of information defining hematopoietic development, including neutrophil leukocyte differentiation in this species using multicolor flow cytometry. in the current study, we sought to identify cell surface markers that delineate neutrophil progenitor populations with characteristic immunophenotypes. we d ... | 2019 | 30395351 |
| homology and specificity of natural sound-encoding in human and monkey auditory cortex. | understanding homologies and differences in auditory cortical processing in human and nonhuman primates is an essential step in elucidating the neurobiology of speech and language. using fmri responses to natural sounds, we investigated the representation of multiple acoustic features in auditory cortex of awake macaques and humans. comparative analyses revealed homologous large-scale topographies not only for frequency but also for temporal and spectral modulations. in both species, posterior r ... | 2019 | 30395192 |
| development of a motor and somatosensory evoked potentials-guided spinal cord injury model in non-human primates. | background nonhuman primates (nhp) may provide the most adequate (in terms of neuroanatomy and neurophysiology) model of spinal cord injury (sci) for testing regenerative therapies, but bioethical considerations exclude their use in severe sci. new method a reproducible model of sci at the lower thoracic level has been developed in rhesus macaques. the model comprises surgical resection of 25% of the spinal cord in the projection of the dorsal funiculus and dorsolateral corticospinal pathways, c ... | 2019 | 30393204 |
| clonal expansion and compartmentalized maintenance of rhesus macaque nk cell subsets. | natural killer (nk) cells recognize and eliminate infected and malignant cells. their life histories are poorly understood, particularly in humans, due to lack of informative models and endogenous clonal markers. here, we apply transplantation of barcoded rhesus macaque hematopoietic cells to interrogate the landscape of nk cell production, expansion, and life histories at a clonal level long term and after proliferative challenge. we identify oligoclonal populations of rhesus cd56-cd16+ nk cell ... | 2018 | 30389798 |
| plasma derived exosomal biomarkers of exposure to ionizing radiation in nonhuman primates. | exposure to ionizing radiation induces a cascade of molecular events that ultimately impact endogenous metabolism. qualitative and quantitative characterization of metabolomic profiles is a pragmatic approach to studying the risks of radiation exposure since it provides a phenotypic readout. studies were conducted in irradiated nonhuman primates (nhp) to investigate metabolic changes in plasma and plasma-derived exosomes. specifically, rhesus macaques (macaca mulatta) were exposed to cobalt-60 g ... | 2018 | 30388807 |
| two herpesviral noncoding pan rnas are functionally homologous but do not associate with common chromatin loci. | during lytic replication of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), a nuclear viral long noncoding rna known as pan rna becomes the most abundant polyadenylated transcript in the cell. knockout or knockdown of kshv pan rna results in loss of late lytic viral gene expression and, consequently, reduction of progeny virion release from the cell. here, we demonstrate that knockdown of pan rna from the related rhesus macaque rhadinovirus (rrv) phenocopies that of kshv pan rna. these two pan r ... | 2018 | 30383841 |
| model of parafoveal chromatic and luminance temporal contrast sensitivity of humans and monkeys. | rhesus monkeys are a valuable model for studies of primate visual contrast sensitivity. their visual systems are similar to that of humans, and they can be trained to perform detection tasks at threshold during neurophysiological recording. however, the stimulus dependence of rhesus monkey contrast sensitivity has not been well characterized. temporal frequency, color, and retinal eccentricity affect the contrast sensitivity of humans in reasonably well-understood ways. to ask whether these fact ... | 2018 | 30383213 |
| effects of lorcaserin on reinstatement of responding previously maintained by cocaine or remifentanil in rhesus monkeys. | drug abuse remains a serious public health issue, underscoring the need for additional treatment options. agonists at serotonin (5-ht)2c receptors, particularly lorcaserin, are being considered as pharmacotherapies for abuse of a variety of drugs, including cocaine and opioids. the current study compared the capacity of lorcaserin to attenuate reinstatement of extinguished responding previously maintained by either cocaine or an opioid; this type of procedure is thought to model relapse, an impo ... | 2019 | 30382731 |
| dolutegravir monotherapy of simian immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques selects for several patterns of resistance mutations with variable virological outcomes. | drug resistance remains a major concern for human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) treatment. to date, very few resistance mutations have emerged in first-line combination therapy that includes the integrase strand transfer inhibitor (insti) dolutegravir (dtg). in vitro, dtg selects for several primary mutations that induce low-level dtg resistance; secondary mutations, while increasing the level of resistance, however, further impair replication fitness, which raised the idea that dtg monotherapy m ... | 2019 | 30381490 |
| a muscle-activity-dependent gain between motor cortex and emg. | whether one is delicately placing a contact lens on the surface of the eye or lifting a heavy weight from the floor, the motor system must produce a wide range of forces under different dynamical loads. how does the motor cortex, with neurons that have a limited activity range, function effectively under these widely varying conditions? in this study, we explored the interaction of activity in primary motor cortex (m1) and muscles (electromyograms, emgs) of two male rhesus monkeys for wrist move ... | 2019 | 30379603 |
| visual preferences for direct-gaze faces in infant macaques (macaca mulatta) with limited face exposure. | from birth, human and nonhuman primates attend more to faces with direct gaze compared with averted gaze, and previous studies report that attention to the eyes is linked to the emergence of later social skills. here, we explored whether early experiences influence attraction to eye contact in infant macaques by examining their attention to face pairs varying in their gaze direction across the first 13 weeks of life. infants raised by human caretakers had limited conspecific interactions (nurser ... | 2019 | 30378109 |
| hepatitis b vaccination using a dissolvable microneedle patch is immunogenic in mice and rhesus macaques. | chronic hepatitis b virus infection remains a major global public health problem, accounting for about 887,000 deaths in 2015. perinatal and early childhood infections are strongly associated with developing chronic hepatitis b. adding a birth dose of the hepatitis b vaccine (hepb bd) to routine childhood vaccination can prevent over 85% of these infections. however, hepb bd coverage remains low in many global regions, with shortages of birth attendants trained to vaccinate and limited hepb bd s ... | 2018 | 30377659 |
| [expression of b7 family co-inhibitory molecules in the establishment of pulmonary regional immunity]. | to identify the temporal-spatial expression of b7 family co-inhibitory molecules during lung development, and to explore the roles of b7 family co-inhibitory molecules in the developmental process of pulmonary regional immunity. | 2018 | 32677398 |
| [the thyroid hormone receptor mediated luciferase reporter gene assays screening for edcs]. | this study in order to use report gene assay based on the thyroid hormone receptor (tr) α/β from human origin for screening endocrine disruptors chemicals (edcs), evaluating the thyroid hormone activity of bisphenol (bpa), 1-naphthaleny methyl carbamate and 1-naphthol (1-nap). | 2018 | 32677397 |