| chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies and inflammatory reaction in patients with ischemic heart disease. | we studied the relationship between chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies, c-reactive protein (crp) and interleukine 8 (il-8) in 87 patients with ischemic heart disease: 29 patients with acute myocardial infarction, 18 patients with unstable angina pectoris and 40 patients with stable effort angina. we determined in all patients igg and iga antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae, crp and il-8. species specific antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae (igg and iga) were detected by indirect elisa technique (savy ... | 2000 | 15529571 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) infection upregulates atherosclerosis-related gene expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvecs). | there is accumulating evidence that supports a role of infection in atherosclerosis, with possible mechanism by injuring to the endothelium and inducing an autoimmune response to heat shock proteins (hsps). in this study, a cdna array, containing 588 human cardiovascular genes, was utilized to analyze the gene expression profile of chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) infected human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvecs). after 48h of c. pneumoniae infection, the huvecs were harvested and sub ... | 2004 | 15530896 |
| heat shock protein 60 autoimmunity and early lipid lesions in cholesterol-fed c57bl/6jbom mice during chlamydia pneumoniae infection. | chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection and autoimmunity to heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) have both been documented to be associated with atherosclerosis. herein, we studied the effects of c. pneumoniae infection and a diet with a low-cholesterol supplement on the development of autoantibodies to mouse hsp60 and early lipid lesions in the aortic valve of c57bl/6jbom mice. in addition, pulmonary infection was investigated. c57bl/6jbom mice were given one to three c. pneumoniae inoculations and fed ... | 2004 | 15530906 |
| carotid intima-media thickness, cardiovascular risk factors and albuminuria in a remote australian aboriginal community. | rates of cardiovascular disease and renal disease in australian aboriginal communities are high, as is the prevalence of some 'traditional' cardiovascular (cv) risk factors, such as diabetes and cigarette smoking. recent work has highlighted the importance of markers of inflammation, such as c-reactive protein (crp), homocysteine and albuminuria as predictors of cardiovascular risk in urban westernized settings. it is not clear how these factors relate to outcome in the setting of these remote c ... | 2004 | 15530919 |
| genome-based vaccines. | vaccination is an effective possibility to prevent many bacterial or viral infections, but for several important pathogens still no vaccines are available. the sequences of complete genomes are now decoded for an increasing number of bacterial pathogens and offer the possibility for comprehensive screenings to identify targets for vaccine development. in this article current genomic approaches to identify antigenic proteins of neisseria meningitidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus aure ... | 2004 | 15532988 |
| [intra-arterial microorganism infection in patients with acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina pectoris]. | | 2004 | 15535910 |
| [relationship between the peripheral arterial occlusive disease and the infection by chlamydophila pneumoniae]. | the relationship between peripheral arterial occlusive disease (paod) and chlamydophila pneumoniae infection was studied by analyzing clinical samples from 95 patients with paod (cases) and 100 controls. | 2004 | 15535936 |
| effect of levofloxacin on the viability of intracellular chlamydia pneumoniae and modulation of proinflammatory cytokine production by human monocytes. | although antibiotics are known to affect the intracellular growth of chlamydia pneumoniae in acute infections, their efficacy in therapy for chronic infections, including atherosclerosis, remains debatable. human monocyte-derived macrophages (mdm) obtained from monocytes of healthy donors were infected with c. pneumoniae ar-39 and treated with levofloxacin (8 microg/ml) immediately after infection (0 hours) or 24 hours after infection. levofloxacin treatment at 24 hours, but not at 0 hours, resu ... | 2004 | 15541607 |
| genome reduction in prokaryotic obligatory intracellular parasites of humans: a comparative analysis. | obligatory intracellular parasites have undergone significant genome reduction by gene loss over time in the context of their obligate associations with the host. the flux, streamlining and elimination of genes in these genomes constitute a selective and ongoing process. comparative analyses of five completely sequenced obligatory intracellular parasite genomes reveal that these genomes display marked similarities in patterns of protein length and frequency distribution, with substantial sharing ... | 2004 | 15545414 |
| influence of doxycycline on clinical and angiographic outcome following percutaneous coronary intervention. | infection with chlamydia pneumoniae may be involved in atherosclerosis. neointima proliferation after percutaneous coronary intervention (pci) could be aggravated by proinflammatory action of chronic vascular chlamydial infection. we investigated the influence of doxycycline therapy on restenosis rate and adverse clinical event rates after pci. | 2004 | 15546298 |
| asymptomatic carotid atherosclerosis is associated with circulating chlamydia pneumoniae dna in younger normotensive subjects in a general population survey. | chlamydia pneumoniae infection has been associated with atherosclerosis, but serodiagnosis is unreliable in predicting vascular infection. direct detection of circulating chlamydial dna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) was thus evaluated as a marker for cardiovascular risk in a general population survey using the common carotid intima-media thickness (imt) as surrogate marker of asymptomatic atherosclerosis. | 2005 | 15550694 |
| the interactions between human dendritic cells and microbes; possible clinical applications of dendritic cells. | the dendritic cells comprise several subsets that induce and regulate the immune responses against foreign and self-antigens, and that can therefore function as initiators of protective immunity and inducers of central or peripheral tolerance. the different subpopulations of dendritic cells interact with and also influence other cell populations of the immune system, such as t and b lymphocytes and natural killer cells. the factors that determine the given dendritic cell functions depend on the ... | 2004 | 15550994 |
| [etiology of the epidemic outbreak of community-acquired pneumonia in children in st. petersburg]. | in september-december 1998 the epidemic rise of outhospital pneumonia (ep) among children was observed in st. petersburg, which led to a twofold increase in morbidity rate this year. the study of the etiology of ep during the period of 1998-2001 confirmed the prime role of streptococcus pneumoniae (74.5%) and, for the first time in russia, revealed the epidemic outbreak of acute chlamydiosis (chlamydia pneumoniae), diagnosed in 67.3% of children, the maximum occurrence (87.5%) in 1998 with only ... | 2004 | 15554304 |
| effects of cox-2 inhibitors on ros produced by chlamydia pneumoniae-primed human promonocytic cells (thp-1). | chronic inflammation through foam cells and macrophages is important in atherosclerosis development, and can be considered as therapeutic targets. cyclooxygenase and nadph-oxidase were expressed within atherosclerotic lesions. reactive oxygen species produced by nadph oxidase were found to trigger the cyclooxygenase-2 expression. the effects of preferential cox-2 inhibitors on ros produced by chlamydia-primed human monocytes (thp-1 cells) were evaluated by fluorescence, chemiluminescence, oxymet ... | 2004 | 15555544 |
| empiric treatment of ambulatory community-acquired pneumonia: always include treatment for atypical agents. | there are no data from proper studies to answer whether it is necessary to include antibiotics that are active against atypical pneumonia agents as part of the empiric therapy of cap. until such data are available, clinical judgment and severity of the pneumonic illness are the best guides to empiric antimicrobial therapy. | 2004 | 15555827 |
| glucocorticoids increase in vitro and in vivo activities of antibiotics against chlamydophila pneumoniae. | the in vitro and in vivo antichlamydial activities of dexamethasone and beclomethasone alone and in combination with an antibiotic were tested. in vitro, dexamethasone and beclomethasone decreased the number of inclusion-forming units versus the control number (p < 0.001). the combination of glucocorticoids with azithromycin, telithromycin, or levofloxacin was more active than antibiotics used alone (p < 0.001). the combination, tested in a murine chlamydophila pneumoniae infection model, produc ... | 2004 | 15561871 |
| c-reactive protein levels and prevalence of chronic infections in subjects with hypoalphalipoproteinemia. | low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) show a consistent relationship with the development of atherosclerosis. the underlying mechanisms are not well understood, but recent studies in subjects with primary hypoalphalipoproteinemia suggest that this could represent a proinflammatory condition. to better assess the link between hdl-c levels and c-reactive protein levels and the possible role of chronic infections as putative mediators of this relationship, we studied a populati ... | 2005 | 15562377 |
| effect of a short antibiotic treatment with roxithromycin on circulating adhesion molecules after coronary stenting: a single-center pilot trial. | the aim of this study was to assess the effect of periprocedural antibiotic treatment with roxithromycin on circulating cell adhesion molecules and restenosis after coronary stent implantation. | 2004 | 15568594 |
| oral health, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease. | during the last two decades, there has been an increasing interest in the impact of oral health on atherosclerosis and subsequent cardiovascular disease (cvd). the advent of the inflammation paradigm in coronary pathogenesis stimulated research in chronic infections caused by a variety of micro-organisms-such as chlamydia pneumoniae, helicobacter pylori, and cytomegalovirus-as well as dental pathogens, since these chronic infections are thought to be involved in the etiopathogenesis of cvd by re ... | 2004 | 15574681 |
| [significance of antibacterial therapy of chlamydophila pneumoniae infection in patients with bronchial asthma]. | to study effects of eradication of chlamydophila pneumoniae cp) infection in bronchial asthma (ba) on ba course and changes in quality of life (qol) in ba patients. | 2004 | 15575487 |
| lack of association between chronic chlamydophila pneumoniae infection and lung cancer among nonsmoking chinese women in singapore. | | 2005 | 15578725 |
| infectious triggers of asthma. | there is abundant evidence that asthma is frequently exacerbated by infectious agents. several viruses have been implicated in the inception and exacerbation of asthma. recent attention has been directed at the role of infections with the atypical bacteria mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae as agents capable of triggering asthma exacerbations and potentially as inciting agents for asthma. this article examines the evidence for interaction between specific infectious agents and exacer ... | 2005 | 15579364 |
| chlamydophila pneumoniae induces p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase activation in human fibroblasts through toll-like receptor 4. | chlamydophila pneumoniae, an obligately intracellular gram-negative bacterium and a common causative agent of respiratory tract infections, has been implicated in the induction and progression of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. in this study, the signalling mechanism of c. pneumoniae in human fibroblasts, a prominent cell population in chronic inflammation and persistent infection, contributing to plaque formation, was investigated. c. pneumoniae elementary bodies were demonstrated ... | 2004 | 15585496 |
| [infection with chlamydophila pneumoniae as a cause of female infertility of tubal origin?]. | a contribution to the role of chlamydophila pneumoniae in women from the ivf program. | 2004 | 15587889 |
| treatment with appropriate antibiotic therapy in community-acquired respiratory tract infections. | | 2004 | 15603247 |
| demonstration of intracellular microorganisms (rickettsia spp., chlamydia pneumoniae, bartonella spp.) in pathological human aortic valves by pcr. | rickettsiae, which causes vasculitis, has not been linked to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in contrast to chlamydia pneumoniae whose association with coronary artery disease and with sclerotic heart valves in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement is well established, even if causality is yet to unproven. in the search for any of these infectious agents, 84 pathological and 15 normal aortic heart valves of patients undergoing forensic autopsy were analysed by pcr and dna-sequencin ... | 2005 | 15603840 |
| acute coronary syndrome and chronic infection in the cork coronary care case-control study. | to examine the association between chronic infection and cumulative burden of infection and acute coronary syndrome. | 2005 | 15604325 |
| patterns of sequence divergence in 5' intergenic spacers and linked coding regions in 10 species of pathogenic bacteria reveal distinct recombinational histories. | we compared the pattern of nucleotide difference in 8034 genes and in their 5' intergenic spacers between conspecific pairs of genomes from 10 species of pathogenic bacteria. certain genes or spacers showed much greater sequence divergence between the genotypes compared to others; such divergent regions plausibly originated by recombinational events by which a gene and/or spacers was donated from a divergent genome. different patterns of divergence in genes and spacers identified different recom ... | 2004 | 15611157 |
| detection of chlamydophila pneumoniae in the bone marrow of two patients with unexplained chronic anaemia. | anaemia of chronic disease (acd) is a common finding involving iron deficiency and signs of inflammation. here, we report on two patients with acd where a persistent infection with chlamydophila (chlamydia) pneumoniae (cp) was detected in bone marrow (bm) biopsies. infection was suspected by routine cytology and confirmed by immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) including different primer sets and laboratories and sequencing of the pcr product. this is a first ... | 2005 | 15613113 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae igg serological status and venous thromboembolism: a cross-sectional hospital based study. | to search for a link between chlamydia pneumoniae serological status and venous thromboembolic disease. | 2004 | 15614169 |
| antimicrobial therapy in community-acquired pneumonia among emergency patients in a university hospital in japan. | as antimicrobial therapy for pneumonia has not been well established in japan, this study was designed to obtain a more definitive standard for antimicrobial treatment of this condition. two hundred and thirty-one emergency patients admitted to kyorin university hospital between january 1998 and december 2000 were retrospectively analyzed in respect to their age, underlying disease, causative organism, and primary treatment with antimicrobial agent. furthermore, the severity and prognosis were a ... | 2004 | 15614461 |
| is giant cell arteritis an infectious disease? biological and epidemiological evidence. | the etiology of giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica remains unknown, although the hla-dr4 group and the pre-existence of a degenerative vascular disease are confirmed risk factors. the incidence may vary between countries, but the north-south gradient should be considered with caution because of potential detection and collection bias. infectious trigger factors have been looked for both at the epidemiological and biological level: annual, cyclic variations of incidence have been sho ... | 2004 | 15615251 |
| serine-to-asparagine substitution in the gyra gene leads to quinolone resistance in moxifloxacin-exposed chlamydia pneumoniae. | quinolone resistance of chlamydia pneumoniae has not been described previously. serial subcultures of c. pneumoniae under increasing moxifloxacin concentrations (0.0125 to 6.4 mg/liter) resulted in a 256-fold mic increase compared to moxifloxacin-naive strains. gyra gene sequencing revealed a novel point mutation with a ser-->asn substitution. subcultures under rifalazil and macrolides did not alter the respective mics. | 2005 | 15616321 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae enhances cytokine-stimulated human monocyte matrix metalloproteinases through a prostaglandin e2-dependent mechanism. | exposure of human monocytes to chlamydia pneumoniae resulted in a significant enhancement of matrix metalloproteinase (mmp) 1 and 9 production following stimulation with tumor necrosis factor alpha and granulocyte monocyte-colony stimulating factor. the effect of c. pneumoniae on monocyte mmps was mediated through the induction of prostaglandin e(2). these findings may have implications for atherosclerotic plaque rupture. | 2005 | 15618206 |
| transmission of chlamydia pneumoniae infection from blood monocytes to vascular cells in a novel transendothelial migration model. | chlamydia pneumoniae uses blood monocytes (pbmc) for systemic dissemination, persists in atherosclerotic lesions, and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. during transmigration in a newly developed transendothelial migration model (tem) c. pneumoniae-infected pbmc spread their infection to endothelial cells. transmigrated pbmc retained their infectivity and transmitted the pathogen to smooth muscle cells in the lower chamber of the tem. detection of chlamydial hsp60 mrna p ... | 2005 | 15621438 |
| myocarditis, microbes and autoimmunity. | acute and chronic myocarditis can be caused by a number of infectious agents, including viruses, bacteria and protozoa. these diseases are refractory to treatment, and the development of rational therapies will require a detailed understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the pathological inflammatory responses. here, we review three infectious myocarditides that, despite the dissimilarity of the microorganisms, share several common features: (i) the microbes replicate in the heart; but (ii) ... | 2004 | 15621561 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and legionella pneumophila in elderly patients with stroke (c-peps, m-peps, l-peps): a case-control study on the infectious burden of atypical respiratory pathogens in elderly patients with acute cerebrovascular disease. | multiple studies have suggested an association between chlamydia pneumoniae and mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and cardiovascular disease. we investigated whether the risk of cerebrovascular disease is associated with legionella pneumophila infection and the aggregate number/infectious burden of these atypical respiratory pathogens. | 2004 | 15625297 |
| [mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae are associated to inflammation and rupture of the atherosclerotic coronary plaques]. | in this review we report recent findings of our lab showing that mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae are present in higher amount, associated with adventitial inflammation and positive vessel remodeling, in thrombosed coronary artery segments (cas) of patients who died due to acute myocardial infarction. cd8t cell was the predominant lymphocytes in the plaque and cd24(b) cell in the adventitia. the mean numbers of lymphocytes were significantly higher in adventitia than in the plaque. ... | 2002 | 15626350 |
| [can we be infected with atherosclerosis?]. | atherosclerosis is one of the most important problems of the contemporary medicine and it is the most frequent reason of deaths in western countries. conventional risk factors are responsible for only 50% cases of atherosclerosis. investigations performed over last 20 years revealed new risk factors, like for example bacterial and viral infections. in recent scientific descriptions chlamydia pneumoniae, helicobacter pylori and viruses from herpesviridae family (cytomegalovirus hominis, epstein-b ... | 2004 | 15628061 |
| antibiotics for coronary disease: it's time to move on. | | 2004 | 15628106 |
| identification of new potential vaccine candidates against chlamydia pneumoniae by multiple screenings. | chlamydia are intracellular bacteria associated to serious human disease. a vaccine has proved difficult to obtain so far, and current opinions agree that multi-antigen combinations may be required to induce optimal protective responses. in order to identify new potential vaccine candidates, we recently screened the chlamydia pneumoniae (cpn) genome and described 53 recombinant proteins which elicited antibodies binding to purified cpn cells. we now report that six proteins in this group can als ... | 2005 | 15629361 |
| interaction between components of the type iii secretion system of chlamydiaceae. | members of the family chlamydiaceae possess at least 13 genes, distributed throughout the chromosome, that are homologous with genes of known type iii secretion systems (tts). the aim of this study was to use putative tts proteins of chlamydophila pneumoniae, whose equivalents in other bacterial tts function as chaperones, to identify interactions between chlamydial proteins. using the bacteriomatch two-hybrid vector system (stratagene, la jolla, calif.), lcrh-2 and syce, positions 1021 and 0325 ... | 2005 | 15629918 |
| involvement of chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerosis: more evidence for lack of evidence. | | 2005 | 15634945 |
| acute hemorrhagic pericarditis in a child with pneumonia due to chlamydophila pneumoniae. | chlamydophila pneumoniae is mainly responsible for respiratory tract infections but has also been associated with endocarditis and myocarditis. we report a case of pneumonia in a child with hemorrhagic pericardial effusion with a positive result by a new c. pneumoniae taqman pcr, suggesting a pericardial inflammation directly induced by c. pneumoniae. c. pneumoniae should be suspected in patients with community-acquired pneumonia and concurrent pericarditis. empirical treatment with azithromycin ... | 2005 | 15635034 |
| detection of cytomegalovirus, helicobacter pylori and chlamydia pneumoniae dna in carotid atherosclerotic plaques by the polymerase chain reaction. | cytomegalovirus (cmv), helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) and chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) have been associated with human atherosclerosis. the reported rates of detection within atherosclerotic lesions by pcr vary widely for all of these pathogens. we investigated their presence in carotid atherosclerotic plaques. | 2004 | 15636450 |
| toll-like receptors 2 and 4 do not contribute to clearance of chlamydophila pneumoniae in mice, but are necessary for the release of monokines. | activation of immune cells by chlamydophila pneumoniae in vitro has been shown to be toll-like receptor (tlr2)-dependent, but tlr4 is also involved to a minor extent. to investigate the role of tlr2 and tlr4 in vivo, a murine model of c. pneumoniae infection was established. mice were infected intranasally with a low inoculum of 106 c. pneumoniae elementary bodies (eb) and spreading of bacteria was monitored by real-time pcr. the bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) showed maximal bacterial load on the ... | 2004 | 15638128 |
| molecular genetic methods in the diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections. | molecular diagnostic techniques, such as pcr, have become useful tools for the rapid etiological diagnosis of lower respiratory tract infections. nucleic acid amplification tests (naats) have been evaluated for detecting most respiratory pathogens, and commercial assays are available for some pathogens. however, standardized protocols are needed before these assays are introduced into routine diagnostic use. for pneumonia, naats offer advantages over conventional tests for the detection of mycop ... | 2004 | 15638835 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infections in mouse models: relevance for atherosclerosis research. | mouse models have been frequently used in the study of chlamydia pneumoniae (also known as chlamydophila pneumoniae) infections. this gram-negative obligate intracellular bacterium causes respiratory infections, followed by dissemination of the bacterium to various organs throughout the body, including cardiovascular tissues, supporting the current hypothesis of a relationship between c. pneumoniae and atherosclerosis. recently, clinical trials evaluated the effect of antichlamydial antibiotics ... | 2005 | 15639470 |
| chlamydophila pneumoniae respiratory tract infection aggravates therapy refractory bronchitis or pneumonia in childhood. | chlamydophila pneumoniae was frequently found in bronchial secretions of children with therapy-refractory bronchitis or pneumonia. it was studied, how the agent modifies the course of disease and what findings are associated with the infection. | 2005 | 15640964 |
| [chlamydia pneumoniae and the risk of ischaemic heart disease. prevalence in a group of hospitalized elderly men]. | chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) causes frequently nosocomial pneumonia and other inflammations of the upper and lower airways. initially reports on the association between infection with cp and ischaemic heart disease (ihd) were published in 1988 by saikku et al. who found a higher antibody titre against cp in acute myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death as compared with a control group. the mechanism of this phenomenon is explained by the action of chlamydiae on ldl-cholesterol, cytokines, th ... | 1999 | 15641238 |
| atypical bacterial pneumonia and asthma risk. | the role of respiratory infections in asthma is poorly understood. atypical bacteria mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae are present in the lower airways of approximately 50% of asthmatics. this study tested the hypothesis that early life community-acquired pneumonia caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae or chlamydia pneumoniae is associated with increased asthma prevalence. thirty-five subjects with a history of community-acquired pneumonia (22 due to atypical bacteria, 13 due to nonatypic ... | 2004 | 15641636 |
| serological study on chlamydophila pneumoniae in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. | this study aimed to evaluate the incidence of chlamydophila pneumoniae antibodies in patients with community acquired pneumonia (cap) by a new elisa test (eia cp-igg, iga, igm--eurospital, trieste, italy). from january 1999 to july 2001 141 patients with clinical signs of cap were enrolled in sixteen italian hospitals. specific igm and igg antibodies anti-c. pneumoniae in serum and iga in both serum and sputum were detected. at a primary inspection (time t-0) serum and sputum samples were taken ... | 2004 | 15646047 |
| prevalence of mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae in pneumonia patients in four major hospitals in trinidad. | the prevalence of current mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae infections in patients with pneumonia in trinidad, and the relationship between pneumonia and risk factors were investigated. blood samples were collected from 132 patients diagnosed by attending physicians, as suffering from pneumonia at four hospitals in trinidad. serum samples were tested for m. pneumoniae igm and igg and c. pneumoniae igm by the enzyme immunoassay (eia). in addition, c. pneumoniae igm and igg were detec ... | 2004 | 15646048 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection in slovenian patients with diffuse coronary artery disease. | chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) infection might be involved in the pathogenesis of various forms of coronary artery disease (cad), but there are no data about diffuse cad with clinical picture of stable angina pectoris. authors in a prospective study determined serum cp antibody levels (with mif test) of 71 patients with coronarographically proven diffuse cad and compared them to the age matched control group of the healthy slovenian population. after azithromycin treatment in patients with chronic cp ... | 2004 | 15648226 |
| detection of c. pneumoniae by polymerase chain reaction-enzyme immunoassay in abdominal aortic aneurysm walls and its association with rupture. | serological studies have suggested that one of the risk factors for aneurysm development is c. pneumoniae infection. the purpose of this study was to evaluate whether there is an association between the presence of c. pneumoniae dna in aneurysms and ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms. | 2005 | 15649721 |
| detection of enterovirus, cytomegalovirus, and chlamydia pneumoniae in atheromas. | to investigate the presence of infectious agents in human atherosclerotic arterial tissues. atherosclerotic plaques were removed from 128 patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy or other bypass procedures for occlusive disease, and from twenty normal arterial wall samples, obtained from transplant donors with no history of diabetes, hypertension, smoking, or hyperlipidemia. using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) or reverse transcription-pcr, these samples were analyzed for the presence of ... | 2004 | 15650686 |
| persistent systemic inflammation in unstable angina is largely unrelated to the atherothrombotic burden. | the aim of this study was to assess the relationship between systemic inflammation, atherosclerosis, and thrombosis in two distinct clinical models of atherothrombosis. | 2005 | 15653021 |
| nod1-mediated endothelial cell activation by chlamydophila pneumoniae. | seroepidemiological and animal studies, as well as demonstration of viable bacteria in atherosclerotic plaques, have linked chlamydophila pneumoniae infection to development of chronic vascular lesions and coronary heart disease. inflammation and immune responses are dependent on host recognition of invading pathogens. the recently identified cytosolic nod proteins are candidates for intracellular recognition of bacteria, such as the obligate intracellular chlamydia. in the present study, mechan ... | 2005 | 15653568 |
| effect of simvastatin and fluvastatin on plasma fibrinogen levels in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia. | the aim of the study was to compare the effect of treatment with two different statins on plasma fibrinogen levels in patients with primary isolated hypercholesterolemia. sixty three patients enrolled into the study were randomly divided into two groups, treated with simvastatin (20 mg/d) or fluvastatin (40 mg/d), respectively. plasma lipid profile and fibrinogen levels were measured after 4 and 12 weeks of the therapy. both drugs decreased total and ldl cholesterol and apoprotein b levels. simv ... | 2004 | 15662091 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae induces aponecrosis in human aortic smooth muscle cells. | the intracellular bacterium chlamydia pneumoniae is suspected to play a role in formation and progression of atherosclerosis. many studies investigated cell death initiation versus inhibition by chlamydia pneumoniae in established cell lines but nothing is known in primary human aortic smooth muscle cells, a cell type among others known to be involved in the formation of the atherosclerotic plaque. type of cell death was analyzed by various methods in primary aortic smooth muscle cells after inf ... | 2005 | 15663783 |
| detection of chlamydia pneumoniae dna in the coronary arteries and bypass in three patients with diffuse coronary artery disease. | | 2005 | 15665532 |
| microbiological profile of community-acquired pneumonia in adults over the last 20 years. | to assess any change in the microbiological profile of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in our region over the last 20 years. | 2005 | 15667910 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae igg and the severity of coronary atherosclerosis. | background: the aim of this study was to compare chlamydia pneumoniae igg and the extent of coronary atherosclerosis. methods: we investigated 92 patients with stable angina pectoris who underwent coronary angiography to assess chest pain. before angiography, c. pneumoniae igg was analyzed. the number of major coronary arteries (1-3) having at least one diameter narrowing (>/=50%) stenosis was determined. the patients were divided into two groups of equal size, according to c. pneumoniae igg lev ... | 2004 | 15668086 |
| treatment with clarithromycin prior to coronary artery bypass graft surgery does not prevent subsequent cardiac events. | recently, it has been suggested that chlamydia pneumoniae possibly plays a possible role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. we investigated whether treatment with clarithromycin prior to coronary artery bypass graft (cabg) surgery would prevent subsequent cardiovascular events and mortality. | 2005 | 15668857 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection in hiv-positive patients: prevalence and relationship with lipid profile. | the aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence and impact of chlamydia pneumoniae infection in hiv-positive patients and to establish the relationship between c. pneumoniae infection and lipid profile. | 2005 | 15670249 |
| chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection is a risk factor for the development of copd. | smoking is the major risk factor for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd), but epidemiological data suggest that other etiological factors may also be involved. chlamydia pneumoniae (cpn) is an established cause of acute and chronic upper and lower respiratory tract infections. data obtained from in vitro and in vivo studies indicate that cpn infection can be involved in the development of both small airways disease and emphysema, the two major components of copd. the ... | 2005 | 15672844 |
| etiology of community-acquired pneumonia treated in an ambulatory setting. | very few studies have addressed the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) treated in an ambulatory setting. | 2005 | 15672850 |
| high-yield culture and purification of chlamydiaceae bacteria. | research on intracellular bacteria of the family chlamydiaceae, and the diseases they cause, requires large amounts of infectious elementary bodies (eb). we describe an approach that maximizes the generation of chlamydia pneumoniae, chlamydia trachomatis, chlamydia abortus, or chlamydia pecorum ebs in several replication cycles over approximately 10 days or more in a saturated equilibrium monolayer cell culture system. buffalo green monkey kidney (bgmk) cells, human epidermoid carcinoma-2 (hep-2 ... | 2005 | 15676192 |
| methodological aspects affecting the infectivity of chlamydia pneumoniae in cell cultures in vitro. | the effect of culture medium, washing, temperature, and sonication on the infectivity of chlamydia pneumoniae for hl cells in experiments with heparin or heparinase treatment was studied. the presence of fetal calf serum (fcs) was necessary, and simple washing of elementary bodies increased their infectivity titer. prolonged sonication was detrimental. detailed description of the experimental conditions is necessary in studies of chlamydial attachment and infectivity. | 2005 | 15676202 |
| overcoming current obstacles in the management of bacterial community-acquired pneumonia in ambulatory children. | | 2005 | 15678226 |
| relation of chlamydia pneumoniae infection to documented coronary artery disease in shiraz, southern iran. | the possibility that infectious agents may trigger a cascade of reactions leading to inflammation, atherogenesis, and vascular thrombotic events has recently been raised. chlamydia pneumoniae is one of those that have received the most investigative attention with respect to coronary artery disease (cad). this study was undertaken for the first time in shiraz, iran to determine this relationship. a case-control study was conducted in 167 subjects (81 women and 86 men) who underwent coronary angi ... | 2005 | 15678255 |
| pathohistological changes in diffuse coronary atherosclerosis and chronic infection caused by chlamydia pneumonia. | | 2004 | 15678594 |
| the role of the infectious agents in the pathogenesis and evolution of atherosclerosis. | atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process due to the endothelial reaction to stress risk factors, only some of which are known. clinical and experimental observations have suggested that several infectious agents are involved in this process. these agents, particularly the germ chlamydia pneumoniae, and their relationship to the atheromata are described. two hypotheses concerning how these infectious agents act are suggested. both hypotheses are based on the capacity of these agents to i ... | 2004 | 15678705 |
| antibiotics in the prevention of heart attacks. | | 2005 | 15680439 |
| single-run, parallel detection of dna from three pneumonia-producing bacteria by real-time polymerase chain reaction. | a molecular assay for parallel detection of three bacteria, chlamydia (c.) pneumoniae, legionella (l.) spp., and mycoplasma (m.) pneumoniae, in clinical specimens by a set of real-time polymerase chain reactions (pcrs) in a single run was evaluated. bacterial dnas were extracted by an automated dna extraction protocol on the magna pure lc system. amplification and detection were done by real-time pcr on the lightcycler (lc) instrument. for amplification, specific oligonucleotides derived from th ... | 2005 | 15681485 |
| effectiveness of beta lactam antibiotics compared with antibiotics active against atypical pathogens in non-severe community acquired pneumonia: meta-analysis. | to systematically compare beta lactam antibiotics with antibiotics active against atypical pathogens in the management of community acquired pneumonia. | 2005 | 15684024 |
| chlamydophila pneumoniae in asthma. | | 2005 | 15684309 |
| [chlamydia pneumoniae infection in patients with advanced carotid atherosclerosis]. | despite the growing number of scientific reports showing different markers of infection caused by chlamydia pneumoniae in patients with advanced atherosclerosis, there is still no clear confirmation of a pathogenetic link between this infection and atherogenesis. the aim of the present study was to investigate the presence c. pneumoniae dna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and carotid endarterectomy samples obtained from patients with advanced atherosclerosis according to the presence speci ... | 2004 | 15690703 |
| serum lipid profiles poorly correlate with chlamydia pneumoniae, helicobacter pylori, and cytomegalovirus seropositivity in prospectively followed-up healthy children. | chronic chlamydia pneumoniae (cpn), helicobacter pylori (hp), and herpes virus infections have been associated with atherogenic serum lipid profile and an excess of cardiovascular events in adults. because mechanisms leading to atherosclerosis are active since early childhood, we examined whether cpn, hp, or cytomegalovirus (cmv) seropositivity relates to serum lipid, lipoprotein, or apolipoprotein concentrations in children. we also looked for factors increasing probability of cpn seropositivit ... | 2005 | 15692096 |
| bronchoalveolar lavage in immunocompromised patients with haematological malignancy--value of new microbiological methods. | to assess the usefulness of new culture-independent microbiological methods to analyse bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid from haematological patients with clinical pneumonia. | 2005 | 15693789 |
| acute inflammatory state during influenza infection and endothelial function. | chronic inflammatory stimulus seems to contribute to atherosclerotic process. several studies have established a relationship between infective agents as chlamydia pneumoniae, herpes virus and cytomegalovirus and atherosclerotic lesions. aim of this study was to investigate the effects of influenza infective state on endothelial function of healthy young subjects, expressed as brachial flow-mediated vasodilation (fmv) and soluble form of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sicam-1) and vascular c ... | 2005 | 15694944 |
| the pneumoplex assays, a multiplex pcr-enzyme hybridization assay that allows simultaneous detection of five organisms, mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia (chlamydophila) pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila, legionella micdadei, and bordetella pertussis, and its real-time counterpart. | respiratory disease caused by atypical bacteria remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality for adults and children, despite the widespread use of effective antimicrobials agents. culture remains the "gold standard" for the detection of these agents. however, culture is labor-intensive, takes several days to weeks for growth, and can be very insensitive for the detection of some of these organisms. newer singleplex pcr diagnostic tests are sensitive and specific, but multiple assays wo ... | 2005 | 15695646 |
| origins of atopy in pediatric asthma. | | 2005 | 15696110 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae in pbmc: reproducibility of the ompa nested touchdown pcr. | the aim of our study was to evaluate whether the replicate pcr testing may provide more accurate estimates of c. pneumoniae dna prevalence in pbmc of patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. clinical sensitivity and reproducibility of ompa nested touchdown pcr was also performed. clinical sensitivity and reproducibility was examined by testing c. pneumoniae-negative pbmc spiked with serial dilutions of semipurified c. pneumoniae elementary bodies (from 8 to 0.002 ifu/ml). detection of c. pneu ... | 2005 | 15698516 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae serology in donors and recipients and the risk of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome after lung transplantation. | bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (bos) is a common late complication in lung transplant recipients (ltr). chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) is a common but difficult to diagnose respiratory pathogen with a propensity to latency. | 2005 | 15699755 |
| [choice of antimicrobial drug for infections caused by chlamydia trachomatis and chlamydophila pneumoniae]. | chlamydia (c.) trachomatis is the most common bacterial cause of sexually transmitted disease in the world. a well documented feature of chlamydial infection is its high rate of recurrence among sexually active populations. however, it is difficult to distinguish whether the high rate of recurrent disease is due to reinfection or to persistent infection with the same organism. of particular concern in this era of increasing antibiotic resistance is whether persistent infection is the consequence ... | 2004 | 15700690 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection after lung transplantation. | chlamydia pneumoniae is established as a common agent of acute respiratory tract infection and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. airway disease is a prominent cause of morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation. we investigated the role of c pneumoniae as a pulmonary pathogen after lung transplantation. | 2005 | 15701426 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection as a risk factor for subarachnoid hemorrhage. | many risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage (sah), such as hypertension and recent infection, have already been established. chlamydia pneumoniae is a common respiratory pathogen that has been implicated as a potential risk factor for hypertension and atherosclerotic diseases. the purpose of the case-control study presented here was to examine the causative relationship between c. pneumoniae infection and sah. serum c. pneumoniae igg and iga antibodies were measured using an enzyme-linked immu ... | 2005 | 15703463 |
| nicotine modulates cytokine production by chlamydia pneumoniae infected human peripheral blood cells. | nicotine, the addictive component of cigarette smoke, has been shown to have immunomodulatory effects. this drug alters proinflammatory cytokine production by immune cells, including lymphocytes, monocytes, and macrophages. the present study focuses on the effects of nicotine on infection by chlamydia pneumoniae (cpn), a ubiquitous intracellular pathogen which causes acute and chronic inflammatory diseases such as pulmonary infections, and may be associated with arthritis and atherosclerosis. pr ... | 2005 | 15710343 |
| pneumonia outbreak associated with group a streptococcus species at a military training facility. | although group a streptococci (gas) infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality, outbreaks of associated pneumonia are rare. we report an outbreak of gas pneumonia that occurred at a us military training camp. | 2005 | 15712072 |
| association of raised titres of antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae with a history of pre-eclampsia. | to establish the prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) infection in a pregnant uk population and to investigate whether c. pneumoniae infection is more common in women with a previous history of pre-eclampsia. | 2005 | 15713143 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection in asthmatic patients. | this study was conducted on 30 asthmatic patients and 10 healthy controls. they were subjected to complete history talking, thorough clinical examination, and assessment of their ventilatory functions before and after bronchodilator. two specimens were obtained from each patients, bronchoalveolar lavage and serum samples. chlamydia pneumoniae antigens and antibodies (igg and igm) were detected using microimmunoflourescence technique. samples giving positive results for c. pneumoniae antigen were ... | 2003 | 15719627 |
| progression of peripheral arterial occlusive disease is associated with chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity and can be inhibited by antibiotic treatment. | a possible influence of chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity on the clinical course of peripheral arterial occlusive disease (paod) has not been investigated previously. though roxithromycin therapy was found to inhibit progression of paod, the nature of this effect (antibiotic or anti-inflammatory) has remained elusive. the course of paod was prospectively assessed in elderly men during 4 years, comparing 51 c. pneumoniae seropositive (igg>/=1:128) with 46 seronegative patients (igg<1:64 and iga ... | 2005 | 15721015 |
| expression of both chlamydia pneumoniae rnase hiis in escherichia coli. | both genes encoding the rnase hiis from chlamydia pneumoniae ar 39 (discriminated as cprnase hiia and cprnase hiib in this report) were cloned and efficiently expressed in escherichia coli. these genes amplified from chlamydial genomes with pcr were digested with restriction endonucleases and then cloned into plasmid pet-28a predigested with the same enzymes. dna sequencing confirmed that the constructs were correct in translation frame and coding sequence. recombinant rnase hiis were over-expre ... | 2005 | 15721777 |
| infectious causes of multiple sclerosis. | multiple sclerosis (ms) is a serious chronic neurological disorder in which demyelination and inflammation occur in the white matter of the cns. the findings of many epidemiological studies and a discordance of ms in monozygotic twins suggest that the disorder is acquired. the most likely cause is a virus because more than 90% of patients with ms have high concentrations of igg, manifest as oligoclonal bands, in the brain and csf. most chronic inflammatory cns disorders are infectious. more indi ... | 2005 | 15721830 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection promotes a proliferative phenotype in the vasculature through egr-1 activation in vitro and in vivo. | atherosclerosis is characterized by inflammation and proliferation of vascular cells. the intracellular bacterium chlamydia (chlamydophila) pneumoniae uses blood monocytes [peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs)] for dissemination, has been found to persist in atherosclerotic lesions, and has been implicated in atherogenesis by small gtpase activation and t lymphocyte recruitment. infection of human coronary artery smooth muscle cells with c. pneumoniae significantly induced mrna and protein ... | 2005 | 15722416 |
| determinants of lumbar artery occlusion among patients with sciatica: a three-year follow-up with magnetic resonance angiography. | we showed previously that chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection increases the risk of lumbar artery occlusion. we did not evaluate, however, the effect of other risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in combination with this chronic infection. the purpose of this study was to investigate the combined effect of chronic c. pneumoniae infection and other known determinants of artery occlusion in a population of sciatica patients. two-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (mra ... | 2005 | 15723216 |
| design of a multiplex pcr for streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydophila pneumoniae to be used on sputum samples. | a multiplex pcr (mpcr) was developed for simultaneous detection of specific genes for streptococcus pneumoniae (lyta), mycoplasma pneumoniae (p1), chlamydophila pneumoniae (ompa), and haemophilus influenzae (16s rrna, with verification pcr for p6). when the protocol was tested on 257 bacterial strains belonging to 37 different species, no false negatives and only one false positive were noted. one streptococcus mitis out of thirty was positive for lyta. in a pilot application study of 81 sputum ... | 2005 | 15723684 |
| emergence of resistance to rifampin and rifalazil in chlamydophila pneumoniae and chlamydia trachomatis. | although rifamycins have excellent activity against chlamydophila pneumoniae and chlamydia trachomatis in vitro, concerns about the possible development of resistance during therapy have discouraged their use for treatment of chlamydial infections. rifalazil, a new semisynthetic rifamycin with a long half-life, is the most active antimicrobial against c. pneumoniae and c. trachomatis in vitro, indicating its potential for treatment of acute and chronic c. pneumoniae and c. trachomatis infections ... | 2005 | 15728882 |
| activity of cathelicidin peptides against chlamydia spp. | the in vitro activity of six cathelicidin peptides against 25 strains of chlamydia was investigated. smap-29 proved to be the most active peptide, reducing the inclusion numbers of all 10 strains of chlamydia trachomatis tested by > or =50% at 10 microg/ml. this peptide was also active against c. pneumoniae and c. felis. | 2005 | 15728927 |