| prevalence and incidence of chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies among the healthy elderly and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. | chlamydia pneumoniae is an obligatory intracellular bacteria which can cause both acute and chronic respiratory tract infection. the significance of chronic and recurrent respiratory infection may be of prime importance in chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (copd). the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and incidence of c. pneumoniae antibodies in elderly copd patients compared to a healthy elderly control group. c. pneumoniae antibodies were detected by an enzyme-linked i ... | 2004 | 15217173 |
| assessment of systemic inflammation and infective pathogen burden in patients with cardiac syndrome x. | inflammation plays a key role in coronary artery disease (cad), but whether it is involved in the pathogenesis of syndrome x (sx) is not known. thus, we assessed the presence of systemic inflammation in patients with sx and its possible relation to infections from helicobacter pylori, chlamydia pneumoniae, cytomegalovirus, and epstein-barr virus. we studied 55 patients with sx (57 +/- 8 years old; 27 women), 49 with stable angina and obstructive cad (56 +/- 8 years old; 24 women), and 60 healthy ... | 2004 | 15219506 |
| prevalence of viable chlamydia pneumoniae in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy blood donors. | demonstration of viable chlamydia (chlamydophila) pneumoniae in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmncs) is essential to understand the involvement of c. pneumoniae in atherosclerosis. nevertheless, the prevalence of viable c. pneumoniae in the blood of healthy donors has not yet been studied. | 2004 | 15225250 |
| expression of toll-like receptors on human platelets. | platelets play a crucial role in arterial thrombosis, which is the main cause of acute coronary syndrome. some mycobacteriums, such as chlamydia pneumoniae, were associated with progression of atherosclerosis and they are interacted with toll-like receptors (tlrs), which have been defined as pathogen-associated molecular pattern recognition molecules in innate immunity. in the present study, we examined whether human platelets express tlrs. | 2004 | 15226092 |
| relation of secretory phospholipase a(2) and high-sensitivity c-reactive protein to chlamydia pneumoniae infection in acute coronary syndromes. | recently it has become clear that inflammatory changes play a part in the development of atherosclerosis, including coronary artery disease, and chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) is thought to be a proinflammatory factor. the plasma concentration of high-sensitive c-reactive protein (hs-crp) is a potential predictor of outcome in atherosclerotic diseases. recent interest has focused on secretory group iia phospholipase a(2) (spla (2)) in regard to the progression of atherosclerotic disease. | 2004 | 15226626 |
| heat-inactivated c. pneumoniae organisms are not atherogenic. | we have previously shown that infection with chlamydia pneumoniae can significantly exacerbate atherosclerotic lesions in ldlr-/- mice concurrently fed a high cholesterol diet in 6 or 9 months. we now report that a period of 4 month was sufficient for demonstrating the c. pneumoniae atherogenicity. however, heat inactivation of c. pneumoniae organisms completely abolished the ability of c. pneumoniae to exacerbate the atherosclerotic lesions, suggesting that viable organism infection may be requ ... | 2004 | 15228096 |
| serologic evidence of chlamydia pneumoniae infection as a long-term predictor of cardiovascular death in renal transplant recipients. | cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death with a functioning graft in renal transplant recipients. elevated levels of c-reactive protein (crp) and evidence of chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection have been linked to cardiovascular disease and survival in patients with normal renal function and patients with end-stage renal disease on dialysis. so far, no such data have been available in renal transplant recipients. | 2004 | 15239614 |
| detection of chlamydia pneumoniae in liver transplant patients with chronic allograft rejection. | chlamydia pneumoniae is one of the possible pathogenetic factors of atherosclerotic processes. foam cell arteriopathy is a generally accepted pathologic feature of chronic liver allograft rejection and has several similarities to the early lesions of atherosclerosis. the aim of the authors' study was to show any existing correlation between the occurrence of chlamydia pneumoniae and the presence of foam cell arteriopathy in transplanted livers with chronic rejection. | 2004 | 15239615 |
| cox-2 inhibition abrogates chlamydia pneumoniae-induced pge2 and mmp-1 expression. | peripheral blood monocytes (pbmc) promote vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) infection of pbmc is found in atherosclerotic patients, appears refractory to antibiotics, and may predispose to vascular damage. in cp-infected human pbmc we analyzed the role of cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2) for the proatherosclerotic key mediators prostaglandin e2 (pge2) and interstitial collagenase (mmp-1). cp infection resulted in rapid and sustained cox-2 mrna and protein stimulation d ... | 2004 | 15240110 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae stimulates ifn-gamma synthesis through myd88-dependent, tlr2- and tlr4-independent induction of il-18 release. | recent studies suggest that inflammation plays a central role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, and ifn-gamma is a prominent proinflammatory mediator in this context. however, it is unclear what stimuli are responsible for initial stimulation of ifn-gamma synthesis in the vessel wall. in the present study, we demonstrate that chlamydia pneumoniae is an important stimulus for ifn-gamma synthesis, and this production depends on release of endogenous il-18, il-12, and il-1, but not of tnf. th ... | 2004 | 15240744 |
| impact of serological methodology on assessment of the link between chlamydia pneumoniae and vascular diseases. | we assessed the impact of five serologic tests on the link between chlamydia pneumoniae and abdominal aortic aneurysms (aaa). the results of the tests were inconsistent. agreement among the five tests was generally poor. detection of the link between c. pneumoniae and aaa depends on the serologic methodology chosen. | 2004 | 15242959 |
| immunohistostaining assays for detection of chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerotic arteries indicate cross-reactions with nonchlamydial plaque constituents. | detection of chlamydia pneumoniae antigens in pcr-negative atheromata by immunohistochemistry assays has given rise to controversies regarding a link between the bacterium and atherosclerosis. one hundred ninety-seven human arterial segments removed surgically were examined for c. pneumoniae dna by conventional pcr with three different primer pairs and by real-time pcr in two different laboratories. no c. pneumoniae dna was detected. eighty atherosclerotic lesions were studied by immunohistochem ... | 2004 | 15243085 |
| detailed protocol for purification of chlamydia pneumoniae elementary bodies. | a detailed protocol for the growth and harvest of purified elementary bodies of chlamydia pneumoniae is presented. this procedure utilizes a flask-to-flask passage scheme designed to achieve high bacterial titers in a short period of time. | 2004 | 15243095 |
| antibiotics ineffective for prevention of recurrent mi. | | 2004 | 15251088 |
| azithromycin inhibits interleukin-6 but not fibrinogen production in hepatocytes infected with cytomegalovirus and chlamydia pneumoniae. | chlamydia pneumoniae and cytomegalovirus (cmv) have been associated with the development of atherosclerosis. inflammatory stimuli initiate the biosynthesis of fibrinogen, interleukin (il)-6 and plasminogen activator inhibitor (pai)-1 in the liver. chronic infection may perpetuate the inflammatory status. we hypothesized that infection of human hepatocytes with the intracellular pathogens c pneumoniae and cmv accelerates biosynthesis of fibrinogen, il-6, and pai-1 but that this biosynthesis can b ... | 2004 | 15252403 |
| no evidence of involvement of chlamydia pneumoniae in severe cerebrovascular atherosclerosis by means of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. | all studies reporting high numbers of chlamydia pneumoniae dna positives in stroke patients published to date have used polymerase chain reaction (pcr) techniques highly prone to generate false-positive results. the aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of c. pneumoniae dna in plaques of the carotid artery as well as in peripheral blood by means of a new, closed, real-time pcr system. | 2004 | 15256684 |
| genetic determinants: is there an "atherosclerosis gene"? | it is now clear that atherosclerotic disease is a chronic inflammatory disease triggered by a sequence of events initiated at sites with turbulent flow under normal conditions such as in the coronary arteries or at bifurcations or where normal laminar flow is replaced by turbulent flow because of vessel pathologies. normally, laminar flow is protected by generation of no by endothelial no synthase (enos), which becomes activated via stretch activated channels. when the flow turns turbulent, such ... | 2004 | 15259590 |
| a new microimmunofluorescence test for the detection of chlamydia pneumoniae specific antibodies. | to evaluate a microimmunofluorescence (mif) test (chlamydia pneumoniae igg, vircell, spain) that detects igg against chlamydophila pneumoniae (cp), mrl diagnostics mif was used as reference test. cross-reactivity against chlamydia trachomatis (ct) and chlamydophila psittaci (cps) was investigated. eighty sera were analysed from 22 subjects with vascular disease, 38 with multiple sclerosis and 20 healthy individuals. vircell and mrl mif tests assessed 58.75% and 60% of the samples as positive, re ... | 2004 | 15266599 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae decreases smooth muscle cell proliferation through induction of prostaglandin e2 synthesis. | chlamydia pneumoniae may modulate the proliferation of smooth muscle cells (smc) in atherosclerotic plaques. conditioned medium from c. pneumoniae-infected smc decreased the proliferation of uninfected smc. treatment of infected cells with the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor ns-398 [n-[2-(cyclohexyloxy)-4-nitrophenyl]-methanesulfonamide] suppressed the up-regulation of prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)) and abolished the antimitogenic effect of conditioned medium, suggesting that c. pneumoniae can decrease ... | 2004 | 15271958 |
| is there any relationship between chlamydophila pneumoniae infection and juvenile idiopathic arthritis? | the role of chlamydophila pneumoniae in the development and exacerbation of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (jia) was investigated. blood samples were taken from 60 jia patients during an active disease period and for 4 weeks after. synovial fluid samples were obtained from 20 of the 60 patients. in addition, 22 patients with familial mediterranean fever (fmf) during the active period and 35 healthy children were included in the study as control groups. synovial fluid samples were also obtained fr ... | 2004 | 15272067 |
| chlamydial infection and progression of carotid atherosclerosis in patients on regular haemodialysis. | recent findings have suggested a possible contribution of chlamydial infection to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in the general population. however, the role that chlamydial antibody status plays in atherosclerosis generation in haemodialysis (hd) patients remains uncertain. | 2004 | 15280523 |
| comparative study of community-acquired pneumonia caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila or chlamydia pneumoniae. | the objective of this study was to compare epidemiological data and clinical presentation of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila or chlamydia pneumoniae. from may 1994 to february 1996, 157 patients with s. pneumoniae (n = 68), l. pneumophila (n = 48) and c. pneumoniae (n = 41) pneumonia with definitive diagnosis, were prospectively studied. the following comparisons showed differences at a level of at least p < 0.05. patients with s. pne ... | 2004 | 15287376 |
| extrarespiratory chlamydophila pneumoniae infection. | a series of 3 patients with prolonged fever due to chlamydophila pneumoniae is reported. laboratory data revealed hepatitis and various haemogram abnormalities. the main features of acute extrarespiratory infection caused by c. pneumoniae are discussed. | 2004 | 15287391 |
| promoter polymorphism of the gene for cd14 receptor is not associated with sub-clinical carotid atherosclerosis in a community population. | the monocyte receptor cd14 is an important mediator of the inflammatory response to bacterial endotoxin. recently, a functional polymorphism in the promoter of the cd14 gene (cd14-260c>t) was found to be associated with coronary heart disease. we examined if this polymorphism was associated with sub-clinical carotid atherosclerosis in a community population. | 2004 | 15292769 |
| a prediction model for community-acquired chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia in hospitalized patients. | the objective of the study was to identify factors that help to predict community-acquired chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia in hospitalized patients. | 2004 | 15293075 |
| growth factor production in human endothelial cells after chlamydia pneumoniae infection. | seroepidemiological and histopathological studies have suggested a link of atherosclerosis with chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection. the present study was designed to examine the effect of c. pneumoniae on expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf) and platelet-derived growth factor (pdgf) in human endothelial cells. using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay we found stimulation of bfgf expression depending on the numb ... | 2004 | 15293454 |
| atypical pathogens and respiratory tract infections. | the atypical respiratory pathogens chlamydia pneumoniae, mycoplasma pneumoniae and legionella pneumophila are now recognised as a significant cause of acute respiratory-tract infections, implicated in community-acquired pneumonia, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, asthma, and less frequently, upper respiratory-tract infections. chronic infection with c. pneumoniae is common among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and may also play a role in the natural history of asthm ... | 2004 | 15293621 |
| [determination of serologic markers against bacterial atypical pneumonia agents in pneumonia patients]. | approximately one third of all community acquired pneumonia cases are caused by legionella pneumophila, mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydophila pneumoniae (previously, chlamydia pneumoniae) which are known as bacterial atypical pneumonia agents. serological tests are used commonly for laboratory diagnosis of these agents. the aim of this study was to evaluate the causative role of bacterial atypical pneumonia agents in clinically diagnosed pneumonia patients. acute and convalescent serum samples ... | 2004 | 15293899 |
| genomic, serologic, and clinical case-control study of chlamydia pneumoniae and peripheral artery occlusive disease. | chlamydia pneumoniae has been related to atherosclerotic disease in both seroepidemiologic and genomic studies. we performed a case-control study to determine seropositivity and dna detection in arteries of patients with peripheral artery occlusive disease and of healthy subjects. | 2004 | 15297834 |
| association of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection with coronary artery disease and its interaction with chlamydial infection. | mycoplasma pneumoniae (mp) seropositivity was reported to be associated with coronary events. mp organisms were detected with chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) in coronary plaques. we investigated mp and cp seropositivity in 549 patients undergoing coronary angiography. coronary artery disease (cad) was found in 396 patients, of whom 154 had myocardial infarction (mi). mp seropositivity was more prevalent in patients with cad than without cad (14% versus 6%, p < 0.01). the highest prevalence was found i ... | 2004 | 15306186 |
| association of peripheral mononuclear cells containing chlamydia pneumoniae dna with acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease in japanese subjects. | to clarify the association of chlamydia pneumoniae dna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) with acute coronary syndrome (acs) and stable coronary artery disease (cad) in japanese adults, touchdown-nested polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the presence of c. pneumoniae dna. the prevalence of c. pneumoniae dna in pbmcs was similar in a comparison of 88 patients (52.3%) with acs, 164 patients (50.0%) with stable cad, and 88 control subjects (50.0%). temporal changes in the preva ... | 2004 | 15307004 |
| [atherosclerosis and inflammation--role of chlamydia pneumoniae infection what do we know to date?]. | association of inflammation with atherosclerosis has been known for many years. some organisms: chlamydia pneumoniae, helicobacter pylori, cytomegalovirus, herpesvirus were considered as possible infectious factors responsible for coronary artery disease development. several studies reported strong association between chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection and atherosclerosis. in this review we presented clinical evidence for and against the hypothetical association between coronary arterial dis ... | 2004 | 15307523 |
| evidence of chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection in patients with behçet's disease. | behçet's disease is a chronic vasculitis of unknown aetiology. particular viral and bacterial pathogens have long been suspected of playing a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. chlamydia pneumoniae is an intracellular bacterium capable of causing chronic infections. some reports have suggested that the microorganism might be involved in the pathogenesis of vasculitis. the purpose of the present study was to investigate a possible correlation between c. pneumoniae infection and behçet's dis ... | 2004 | 15307562 |
| dna immunization followed by a viral vector booster in a chlamydia pneumoniae mouse model. | vaccination against chlamydia pneumoniae would be a beneficial strategy for either preventing or controlling infection by this human respiratory pathogen that also causes persistent infections. in the present study, we used recombinant semliki forest virus (rsfv) particles for delivering c. pneumoniae antigens major outer membrane protein (momp) or outer membrane protein 2 (omp2) to the mice or applied the prime-boost technique, where mice were first primed with naked dna and then boosted with t ... | 2004 | 15308363 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae iga seropositivity and sudden sensorineural hearing loss. | a prospective study was designed to evaluate a possible role of an endured infection with chlamydia pneumoniae or chlamydia trachomatis as a cause for sudden sensorineural hearing loss. for this in 60 patients with a first episode of a sensorineural hearing loss and-60 sex-matched and aged-matched controls, following a complete otoneurological diagnosis blood tests for iga, igm and igg with regard to chlamydia pneumoniae and trachomatis were evaluated. we found a statistically significant higher ... | 2004 | 15311582 |
| early carotid atherosclerosis and chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity: are there arguments to treat with antibiotics? | | 2004 | 15313965 |
| molecular cloning of the chlamydophila abortus groel gene and evaluation of its protective efficacy in a murine model by genetic vaccination. | the immunogenicity and protective effect of a dna vaccine encoding the heat-shock protein (hsp) groel of chlamydophila abortus ab7, an obligate intracellular bacterium that causes abortion in sheep, was evaluated in pregnant and non-pregnant mouse models. the c. abortus groel gene was cloned by screening a genomic library constructed in lambdafix ii arms with a nucleic acid probe corresponding to the central portion of the groel gene from c. abortus. sequence analysis of a positive clone reveale ... | 2004 | 15314192 |
| evaluation of an anti-chlamydial antibiotic therapy influence on asthma patients. | chlamydia pneumoniae is one of the most frequent pathogens causing airways infections. contribution of chronic chlamydial infection to the following diseases: asthma, pochp, coronary heart disease, abdominal aortic aneurysm, is particularly interesting. the connection between such infection and bronchial asthma was described in the literature in 1991. c. pneumoniae often causes asthma exacerbation; it is suggested that it also may be an etiologic factor of the disease. in a group of 55 subjects ... | 2003 | 15315030 |
| comparative antimicrobial susceptibility of respiratory tract pathogens. | bacterial respiratory tract infections (rtis), whether primary or subsequent to viral infection, are a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. treatment of these infections is most often empirical. therefore, an antimicrobial's antibacterial spectrum must include the most likely pathogens: streptococcus pneumoniae, the most frequent cause of community-acquired pneumonia (cap), haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and staphylococcus aureus, as well as atypicals such as myco ... | 2004 | 15319548 |
| emerging intracellular bacterial infections. | human infections by intracellular bacteria have been recognized for many years, but much of what we know about the pathogenesis of these diseases and their etiologic organisms has emerged within the past few years as a result of improved molecular-based means for their detection and classification. new insights concerning the epidemiology and pathogenesis of intracellular bacterial infections and methods for the detection of chlamydophila pneumoniae, ehrlichia chaffeensis, anaplasma phagocytophi ... | 2004 | 15325059 |
| high prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity in mexican patients with ischemic heart disease. | risk factors for development of atherosclerosis, such as hyperlipidemia, high blood pressure, smoking habit, and diabetes mellitus, have been identified. the possibility that infectious agents may unchain biological and biochemical reactions related to inflammation, atherogenesis, and vascular thromboses events have recently been described. chlamydia pneumoniae has been associated with coronary artery disease in some seroepidemiology studies. reports of this association are limited in the latin ... | 2004 | 15325506 |
| evaluation and optimization of elisa for detection of anti-chlamydophila pneumoniae igg and iga in patients with coronary heart diseases. | we have evaluated and optimized a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa; serocp savyon, israel), using the commercial microimmunofluorescence test (mif; labsystems; helsinki, finland) as reference method. this was done for the detection of anti-chlamydophila pneumoniae igg and iga antibodies in patients with coronary heart disease (chd). after optimization, a good agreement between the elisa and mif tests [igg (p(0.05)=0.0008 and r=0.93) and iga (p(0.05)=0.00072 and r=0.72)] was fo ... | 2004 | 15325761 |
| cerebrospinal fluid molecular demonstration of chlamydia pneumoniae dna is associated to clinical and brain magnetic resonance imaging activity in a subset of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. | to further explore the link between chlamydia pneumoniae and multiple sclerosis (ms), we examined cerebrospinal fluid (csf) samples from 71 patients with ms and from 72 patients suffering from other inflammatory neurological disorders (oind) or noninflammatory neurological disorders (nind). all samples were analysed by a touchdown nested polymerase chain reaction (n-pcr) for c. pneumoniae with primer sets which amplify target sequence genes encoding the major outer membrane protein (momp), the 1 ... | 2004 | 15327030 |
| genetic and culture-based approaches for detecting macrolide resistance in chlamydia pneumoniae. | three clinical chlamydia pneumoniae isolates for which the mic of azithromycin increased after treatment were investigated for genetic evidence of macrolide resistance. attempts to induce antibiotic resistance in vitro were made. no genetic mechanism was identified for the phenotypic change in these c. pneumoniae isolates. no macrolide resistance was obtained in vitro. | 2004 | 15328134 |
| amphiphysin iim is required for survival of chlamydia pneumoniae in macrophages. | macrophages play a critical role in both innate and acquired immunity because of their unique ability to internalize, kill, and degrade bacterial pathogens through the process of phagocytosis. the adaptor protein, amphiphysin iim, participates in phagocytosis and is transiently associated with early phagosomes. certain pathogens, including chlamydia pneumoniae, have evolved mechanisms to subvert macrophage phagosome maturation and, thus, are able to survive within these cells. we report here tha ... | 2004 | 15337791 |
| [immunoserodiagnosis of acute streptococcus pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae infections in the period of epidemic rise of non-hospital pneumonia in children in st. petersburg, 1998-2001]. | the dynamics of the antibody formation to s. pneumoniae and c. pneumoniae in children during the epidemic outbreak of non-hospital pneumonia in st. petersburg in 1998-2001 was studied. for the first time the inhibiting influence of acute c. pneumoniae infection on the synthesis of antibodies to s. pneumoniae in acute mixed infection was established. the prolonged (up to days 29-39 of the disease) circulation of igm and igg antibodies in acute chlamydial infection, as well as the prevalence of th ... | 2004 | 15346954 |
| tobacco smoke induces persistent infection of chlamydophila pneumoniae in hep-2 cells. | we examined tobacco smoke exposure and its effect on the life cycle of chlamydophila pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) in hep-2, a human respiratory epithelial cell line. using noncytotoxic concentrations of smoke medium, chlamydiae were grown in tissue culture and infectious particles were quantitated indirectly by immunocytometry of infected indicator cells. chlamydial genome copy number was assessed with real-time polymerase chain reaction, and ultrastructure was examined by transmission electron mi ... | 2004 | 15351037 |
| production of prostaglandin e2 in monocytes stimulated in vitro by chlamydia trachomatis, chlamydophila pneumoniae, and mycoplasma fermentans. | chlamydia trachomatis (ct) as well as chlamydophila pneumoniae (cp) cause chronic inflammatory diseases in humans. persistently infected monocytes are involved in the pathogenesis by inducing mediators of inflammation. an in vitro system of chlamydial persistence in human peripheral blood monocytes (hpbm) was used to investigate prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)) production and the expression of the key enzyme for prostaglandin production, cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2). pge(2) production was determined by p ... | 2004 | 15351039 |
| development and validation of a time-resolved fluorometric immunoassay for screening of antichlamydial activity using a genus-specific europium-conjugated antibody. | the lack of high-throughput assays has limited the screening of new antimicrobials against obligate intracellular bacteria, including chlamydia, which cause a variety of diseases. in this study, a novel technological approach was developed to detect intracellular bacteria using time-resolved fluorometric immunoassay (tr-fia), and the method was validated for susceptibility testing of chlamydia pneumoniae. in this cell-based, 96-well plate assay, chlamydial inclusions are labeled with europium-co ... | 2004 | 15351278 |
| infectious risk factors for atherosclerotic vascular disease in hemodialysis patients--chlamydia pneumoniae but not helicobacter pylori or cytomegalovirus is associated with increased c-reactive protein. | cardiovascular disease is a major problem in patients with chronic renal failure leading to increased mortality. several infectious agents have been implicated to be associated with atherosclerosis. we were interested to evaluate whether there is a correlation between a past infection with chlamydia pneumoniae (cpn), helicobacter pylori (hp) or cytomegalovirus (cmv) and the manifestation of a symptomatic atherosclerotic disease in patients with endstage renal failure. | 2004 | 15354978 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae in hiv-infected patients and controls assessed by a novel whole blood interferon-gamma assay, serology and pcr. | chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity is associated with cardiovascular disease and hiv infection. cell-mediated immune responses are important for control of c. pneumoniae, and such responses may be impaired in hiv-infected patients. an assay for detection of interferon (ifn)-gamma in whole blood stimulated with c. pneumoniae antigen was developed and studied in hiv-infected patients and uninfected controls. among 34 hiv-infected patients, none had an ifn-gamma response to c. pneumoniae antigen, ... | 2004 | 15355413 |
| etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized school-age children: evidence for high prevalence of viral infections. | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in young children is most commonly associated with viral infections; however, the role of viruses in cap of school-age children is still inconclusive. | 2004 | 15356783 |
| analysis of altered protein expression patterns of chlamydia pneumoniae by an integrated proteome-works system. | we have identified, analyzed, and quantified differential protein expression profile of five c. pneumoniae proteins, adk (adenylate kinase), ahpc (thiol-specific antioxidant), crpa (15 kd cysteine rich protein), map (methionine aminopeptidae), and cpn0710 (hypothetical protein) under normal versus persistent growth conditions induced by interferon-gamma, at different time intervals of their replicative cycle by successfully employing the latest proteomic analysis tool, pdquest 2-d analysis softw ... | 2004 | 15359744 |
| streptococcus pneumoniae and community-acquired pneumonia: a cause for concern. | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is the sixth most common cause of death in the united states and the leading cause of death from infectious diseases. it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and poses a major economic burden to the healthcare system. streptococcus pneumoniae is the leading cause of cap. other common bacterial causes include haemophilus influenzae as well as atypical bacteria (mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydia pneumoniae, and legionella species). increasing re ... | 2004 | 15360096 |
| lower respiratory viral illnesses: improved diagnosis by molecular methods and clinical impact. | we assessed the frequency and the potential role of respiratory viruses on disease outcomes in hospitalized patients and lung transplant recipients who underwent a bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) for an acute respiratory infection. bal specimens (148) were analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for the presence of 11 different viruses, as well as mycoplasma pneumoniae, chlamydophila pneumoniae, and legionella pneumophila. respiratory viruses were identified in 34 of 117 bal spe ... | 2004 | 15361367 |
| the association of prior cytomegalovirus infection with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. | to determine if prior exposure to pathogens associated with vascular disease, cytomegalovirus, chlamydia pneumoniae, and helicobacter pylori correlates with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (amd). | 2004 | 15364212 |
| is the perceived association between chlamydia pneumoniae and vascular diseases biased by methodology? | inter- and intralaboratory inconsistencies in detection rates of chlamydia pneumoniae in vascular specimens have been demonstrated. in this study, 66 vascular tissue specimens from 66 patients with vascular disease were tested by three pcr assays: a 16s pcr-based reverse line blot (rlb) assay, a single-step pcr, and a nested pcr. also, we explored the impacts of different dna polymerase enzymes on the results based on gel electrophoresis and hybridization. the pcr results by gel electrophoresis ... | 2004 | 15364972 |
| antibody levels against chlamydia pneumoniae and outcome of roxithromycin therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction. results from a sub-study of the randomised antibiotic therapy in acute myocardial infarction (antibio) trial. | results of studies concerning prevention of cardiovascular disease by treatment with macrolide antibiotics targeting c. pneumoniae infection are still controversial. this study describes the results of different tests for infection with c. pneumoniae as well as the effect of treatment with roxithromycin in patients with acute myocardial infarction (ami) in relation to their serostatus against c. pneumoniae. | 2004 | 15365734 |
| heat shock protein 60 from chlamydia pneumoniae elicits an unusual set of inflammatory responses via toll-like receptor 2 and 4 in vivo. | heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) from chlamydia pneumoniae was described to trigger in vitro inflammatory and cytokine responses including tnf and il-12p40. although it can be found in atherosclerotic plaques of patients, the stimulatory potential of chlamydial and other hsp60 in vivo is unclear. we now report that chlamydial hsp60 fails to induce tnf expression in vivo, and significant serum levels of il-12p40 are only found upon intraperitoneal injection of high doses of hsp60 or after intravenou ... | 2004 | 15368304 |
| community-acquired pneumonia in infants and children. | community-acquired pneumonia is one of the most common serious infections in children, with an annual incidence of 34 to 40 cases per 1,000 children in europe and north america. when diagnosing community-acquired pneumonia, physicians should rely mainly on the patient's history and physical examination, supplemented by judicious use of chest radiographs and laboratory tests as needed. the child's age is important in making the diagnosis. pneumonia in neonates younger than three weeks of age most ... | 2004 | 15368729 |
| [infections in chronic obstructive pulmonery disease]. | infection plays an important role in copd, particularly during exacerbations. the principal pathogens involved in exacerbations are viruses (influenza and parainfluenza virus, picornavirus, and respiratory syncytial virus). bacteria (mainly haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae, branhamella catarrhalis) are isolated from sputum in approximately 50% of exacerbations and 25% of patients with stable state. recent data favor of a proinflammatory role of these bacteria in the natural histo ... | 2004 | 15368925 |
| [evidence of antibodies against the chlamydial heat shock protein (chsp60) in women from "in vitro" fertilization program]. | a contribution to the role of chlamydial heat shock protein in women from the ivf program. | 2004 | 15369241 |
| preeclampsia and chlamydia pneumoniae: is there a link? | several parallels exist between preeclampsia and atherosclerosis. both are multifactorial diseases that share risk factors such as obesity, insulin resistance, lipid abnormalities, and elevated serum homocysteine. there are also similarities in the biochemical changes seen in both diseases, including elevated serum triglycerides, decreased hdl cholesterol and enhanced formation of small, dense ldl particles as well as vascular atherosclerotic lesions. chronic infection with chlamydia pneumoniae ... | 2004 | 15369646 |
| seropositivity for helicobacter pylori antibodies is associated with lower occurrence of venous bypass graft occlusion. | common chronic infections including those caused by cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex viruses (hsv), helicobacter pylori and chlamydia pneumoniae have previously been related to increased risk of coronary heart disease (chd). we investigated the association between serology of these chronic infections and coronary bypass graft occlusions in 61 patients. as a result, igg seropositivity rate against h. pylori was higher among patients without occlusion (82%) than in those with occlusion (45%) ... | 2004 | 15370672 |
| histopathologic signs for the inflammatory role of chlamydia pneumoniae in the high-grade atherosclerotic coronary artery wall. | the aim of the study was to prove the long-lasting and continuously harmful effect of chronic chlamydia pneumoniae (cpn) infection on vessel walls in patients with diffuse coronary artery disease (cad). in surgically obtained endarterectomized atherosclerotic plaques grade vi-viii (stary classification) from 10 patients with diffuse coronary artery disease and chronic (7) or past (3) cpn infection, signs of inflammatory response of the vessel wall on infectious agents were studied. in all 10 end ... | 2004 | 15378115 |
| presentation of differentially regulated proteins within a web-accessible proteome database system of microorganisms. | web-accessible proteome databases represent indispensable tools for quantitative and comparative proteomics research. the majority of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) databases contains clickable 2-de gel images and descriptive textual information such as protein name, mr/pi values, methods of identification, cellular localization and other information on proteins. although a great part of the work in comparative proteomics consists of the analysis of 2-de gels using image analysis app ... | 2004 | 15378751 |
| action and reaction: chlamydophila pneumoniae proteome alteration in a persistent infection induced by iron deficiency. | chlamydophila pneumoniae is an obligate intracellular pathogen implicated in a variety of acute and chronic diseases. long-term infections are associated with a persistent life stage, in which bacteria can stay for years. they are less accessible to antibiotic treatment but still prone to sustain an inflammatory response. different in vitro models have been established to mimic and characterize chlamydial persistency. for c. pneumoniae and chlamydia trachomatis, altered metabolic activities and ... | 2004 | 15378754 |
| potential role of antibiotics in the treatment of asthma. | although the role of antibiotic treatment in asthma is still disputed, clinical use of antimicrobials in this setting is more widespread than warranted on the basis of indications in the literature. viral upper respiratory tract infections are known to be involved in asthma exacerbations. more recently, evidence of mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae involvement in asthma attacks has been reported both in adult and paediatric populations. these pathogens are also involved in chronic a ... | 2004 | 15379591 |
| respiratory infections and asthma: current treatment strategies. | infections such as lower respiratory illness potentially contribute to the initiation of asthma and are major factors in recurring acute exacerbations of the condition. although typical bacterial respiratory pathogens such as streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae and hemophilus influenzae do not initiate asthmatic exacerbations, data from a subgroup of adults suggest a potential role for mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae in the onset of asthma. common cold viruses, predom ... | 2004 | 15381135 |
| pitfalls of proteomics. | | 2004 | 15381666 |
| a comparative ultrastructural and molecular biological study on chlamydia psittaci infection in alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and non-alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency emphysema versus lung tissue of patients with hamartochondroma. | chlamydiales are familiar causes of acute and chronic infections in humans and animals. human pulmonary emphysema is a component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) and a condition in which chronic inflammation manifested as bronchiolitis and intra-alveolar accumulation of macrophages is common. it is generally presumed to be of infectious origin. previous investigations based on serology and immunohistochemistry indicated chlamydophila pneumoniae infection in cases of copd. furtherm ... | 2004 | 15383149 |
| [the relationship between chlamydia pneumoniae infection and primary biliary cirrhosis]. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the association between chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) infection and primary biliary cirrhosis (pbc). | 2004 | 15387908 |
| telithromycin treatment of chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection in c57bl/6j mice. | chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infections have been associated with atherosclerosis, but clear knowledge about how these infections should be treated is lacking. we studied the effect of a new ketolide antibiotic, telithromycin, on chronic c. pneumoniae lung infection. female c57bl/6j mice on a 0.2% cholesterol diet were inoculated intranasally with c. pneumoniae either two or three times every fourth week. telithromycin was given to the mice subcutaneously at 75 mg/kg of body weight once daily fo ... | 2004 | 15388416 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity and cardiovascular risk factors: the inchianti study. | to assess the prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) seropositivity and test the hypothesis that cp infection (cpi) is associated with cardiovascular (cv) risk factors and levels of inflammatory biomarkers. | 2004 | 15450037 |
| chlamydia inhibit host cell apoptosis by degradation of proapoptotic bh3-only proteins. | chlamydia are obligate intracellular bacteria that replicate in a vacuole inside a host cell. chlamydial infection has been shown to protect the host cell against apoptotic stimuli. this is likely important for the ability of chlamydia to reproduce in human cells. here we show that resistance to apoptosis is conveyed by the destruction of the proapoptotic bh3-only proteins bim/bod, puma, and bad during infection. apoptotic stimuli were blocked upstream of the mitochondrial activation of bax/bak. ... | 2004 | 15452181 |
| inhibitory actions of several natural products on proliferation of rat vascular smooth muscle cells induced by hsp60 from chlamydia pneumoniae j138. | atherosclerosis is a vascular disorder involving inflammation, a narrowed vascular lumen in the entire tunica intima, and reduced elasticity of the arterial wall. it has been found that hsp60 from chlamydia pneumoniae, an obligate bacterial pathogen associated with atheroma lesions, mimics human hsp60, thereby causing attacks by immune cells on stressed endothelial cells expressing endogenous hsp60 on their surface. furthermore, hsp60 from c. pneumoniae has been shown to promote the growth of va ... | 2004 | 15453708 |
| smoking increases the risk of coronary artery disease in chinese with chlamydia pneumoniae infection. | the infection with chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) has been claimed to associate with coronary artery disease (cad). however, the seroepidemiological study of association between cp infection and cad still remains a source of controversy. the aim of the present study is to investigate the possible association of cp infection with cad in chinese mainland population and the potential role of cp infection combined with the traditional risk factors in cad. | 2004 | 15458684 |
| cytomegalovirus and chlamydia pneumoniae as predictors for adverse events and angina pectoris after percutaneous coronary intervention. | the aim of our study was to investigate the influence of prior cytomegalovirus (cmv) or chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) infection on prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (pci). | 2004 | 15459599 |
| relationship between dyslipidemia, c-reactive protein and serological evidence of chlamydia pneumoniae in turkish patients with coronary artery diseases. | relationship between dyslipidemia, c-reactive protein (crp) and serological evidence of chlamydia pneumoniae was investigated in a turkish population with coronary artery disease. this prospective, randomized, blinded study was carried out in florence nightingale hospital which is affiliated to kadir has university, medical faculty. thirty-two patients with acute coronary artery diseases (acad), 32 patients with chronic coronary artery diseases (ccad) and 26 healthy controls (hc) were included i ... | 2004 | 15460525 |
| detection of chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. | chlamydia pneumoniae has recently been associated with the development of coronary heart diseases by sero-epidemiological studies and by direct detection of the organism in atherosclerotic tissues. the aim of our study was to employ a semi-nested pcr approach to investigate the presence of c. pneumoniae in both normal and atherosclerotic coronary arteries of humans obtained at autopsy. moreover, we have evaluated the role of infection with c. pneumoniae in relation to the extent of coronary athe ... | 2004 | 15461864 |
| the role of chlamydia pneumoniae in human aortic disease-a hypothesis revisited. | the role of chlamydia pneumoniae in the pathogenesis of aortic aneurysm is controversial. we investigated the presence of c. pneumoniae in tissue samples excised from patients and controls. | 2004 | 15465378 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection and risk of lung cancer. | infection with chlamydia pneumoniae may be associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. we conducted a matched case-control study (508 pairs) nested within a large prospective study to investigate whether iga antibody titers to c. pneumoniae measured by the microimmunofluorescence test are associated with lung cancer risk after controlling for confounders. individuals with antibody titers > or = 16 had 1.2 times the risk of lung cancer (95% confidence interval, 0.9-1.6) compared to those wi ... | 2004 | 15466979 |
| lack of association between vascular dementia and chlamydia pneumoniae infection: a case-control study. | chronic inflammation appears to play a role in the pathogenesis of vascular dementia. given the association between chlamydia pneumoniae and stroke, the possibility exists that previous exposure to c. pneumoniae may play a role in vascular dementia. the objective of this study was to determine if there was an association between serological evidence of c. pneumoniae infection or inflammatory markers with vascular dementia. | 2004 | 15476562 |
| [final confirmation of inefficiency of antibiotics in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. results of prove it (gatifloxacin trial) and aces]. | | 2004 | 15477798 |
| is it possible to distinguish between atypical pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia?: evaluation of the guidelines for community-acquired pneumonia in japan. | the japanese respiratory society (jrs) published the guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in 2000. the guidelines set up nine parameters and criteria for the differential diagnosis of atypical pneumonia and bacterial pneumonia based on clinical symptoms, physical signs and laboratory data. to evaluate the performance of these guideline criteria, 91 cases of chlamydia pneumoniae (53 cases were pure-c. pneumoniae and 38 cases were mixed-c. pneumoniae pneumonia), 103 cases ... | 2004 | 15481271 |
| advances in the management of chlamydia pneumoniae infections. | one of the major characteristics of chlamydia spp. is its ability to cause prolonged, often subclinical infections. chronic, persistent infection with chlamydia pneumoniae has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several chronic diseases initially not thought to be infectious, including asthma, arthritis and atherosclerosis. c. pneumoniae is susceptible in vitro to a wide range of antimicrobial agents that target either protein or dna synthesis, including macrolides, ketolides, tetracyclines, ... | 2003 | 15482145 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and asthma in children: diagnostic issues. | | 2004 | 15486854 |
| [the presence of chlamydophila pneumoniae, helicobacter pylori and cytomegalovirus in human atherosclerosis detected by molecular and serological methods]. | persistant infections due to chlamydophila pneumoniae, helicobacter pylori, and cytomegalovirus are suggested to contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. in this study, the presence of these agents was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and serological tests in atherosclerotic plaques and non-atherosclerotic vessel samples. thirty-three specimens from the atherosclerotic plaques (lesion group), 45 specimens from the healthy left internal mammarian arteries and ascending aor ... | 2004 | 15490840 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae in coronary bypass grafts of redo patients. the concept of the 'adventitial baseline infection'. | the pathogenic role of chlamydia pneumoniae in late coronary bypass graft failure has not yet been extensively investigated. we examined failed and new arterial/venous bypass grafts using immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and serology. thirty-four long-term failed grafts and 28 new grafts were examined in 21 patients undergoing redo coronary artery bypass grafting (cabg). immunohistochemically, 28 (82%) failed grafts were positive in the intimal-medial compartment, and 33 gr ... | 2004 | 15497773 |
| differences in cell activation by chlamydophila pneumoniae and chlamydia trachomatis infection in human endothelial cells. | seroepidemiological studies and demonstration of viable bacteria in atherosclerotic plaques have linked chlamydophila pneumoniae infection to the development of chronic vascular lesions and coronary heart disease. in this study, we characterized c. pneumoniae-mediated effects on human endothelial cells and demonstrated enhanced phosphorylation and activation of the endothelial mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) family members extracellular receptor kinase (erk1/2), p38-mapk, and c-jun-nh2 k ... | 2004 | 15501794 |
| antibiotics for the secondary prevention of ischemic heart disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. | infections have been suspected in the pathogenesis of ischemic heart disease (ihd) for more than 100 years. chlamydia pneumoniae has been identified in atherosclerotic specimens, and in some studies antibody titers to c pneumoniae have been related to the risk of myocardial infarction. the numerous clinical trials that have studied the use of antibiotics in the secondary prevention of ihd have had conflicting results. | 2004 | 15505130 |
| carotid artery atherosclerotic plaque: clinical and morphological-immunohistochemical correlation. | the purpose of the study was to: 1) investigate carotid atherosclerotic plaque morphology and immunohistochemistry (ihc) with respect to the localization sites of chlamydia pneumoniae, 2) find correlations between plaque morphology and clinical sonographical characteristics, and 3) determine the correlation between abundance of c. pneumoniae and complexity of the plaque. | 2004 | 15507852 |
| [presence of chlamydia pneumoniae in the carotid artery]. | there is growing experimental evidence that chlamydia pneumoniae is a risk factor and contribute to the development of atherosclerosis of carotid artery. this process might cause stenosis of carotid artery and tia or stroke. | 2004 | 15510885 |
| [prognostic value of antibodies anti-chlamydia pneumoniae in ischemic heart disease]. | coronary artery disease has been related to infection by chlamydia pneumoniae even only in a few studies the association between presence of antibodies to this microorganism and the prognosis of patients with ischemic heart disease has been assessed. the objective of our study was to assess the impact of positivity of anti-chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies in the morbidity and mortality associated to ischemic heart disease. | 2004 | 15511404 |
| repetitive measurements of chlamydia pneumoniae dna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in healthy control subjects and dialysis patients: a prospective study. | infection with chlamydia pneumoniae has been suggested to play a role in the development and maintenance of atherosclerosis. however, the course of c. pneumoniae infection is not clarified. thus, both the persistence of c. pneumoniae dna in blood and the tendency to recurrence have not been studied. we determined the prevalence of c. pneumoniae dna in the white cells of the peripheral blood in 98 dialysis patients and in 52 healthy subjects. blood samples were collected approximately 6 times fro ... | 2004 | 15513396 |
| [severe chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation and steroid therapy in an elderly patient]. | a 75-year-old man first developed dyspnea and low-grade fever in late march. a chest x-ray film showed infiltration in the right lower lung field and blood gas analysis revealed severe hypoxemia. accordingly, he was diagnosed as having pneumonia and was admitted to our hospital on march 11, 2003. mechanical ventilation for progressive respiratory failure was started immediately after admission, and he was treated with antibiotics. chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia was diagnosed due to an increase o ... | 2004 | 15515739 |
| increased frequency of detection of chlamydophila pneumoniae in asthma. | previous studies have suggested that chronic chlamydophila pneumoniae infection may play a role in the pathogenesis of asthma. however, most studies have been based on serology and have been unable to differentiate acute from chronic infection. the present authors assessed the presence of acute and chronic c. pneumoniae infection in 74 spouse pairs, each consisting of one atopic asthmatic and one nonatopic nonasthmatic. nasal secretions were sampled every 2 weeks from october to december and act ... | 2004 | 15516667 |
| [chlamydia pneumoniae and cardiovascular diseases]. | the theories formulated to explain atherogenesis evolved from vessel wall lipid to endothelial dysfunction with vascular wall remodelling. chlamydia pneumoniae has been demonstrated to play an important role in the development of inflammatory and immunological process and can initiate atherogenesis. this pathogen is found in atherosclerotic plaques, which can induce complex activation of local inflammatory and immunological events and lead to the development of unstable plaque, vascular remodell ... | 2004 | 15518326 |
| dyslipidemia, elevated ldl cholesterol and reduced nocturnal blood pressure dipping denote lacunar strokes occurring during nighttime. | previous studies have shown a peak occurrence of ischemic stroke in the morning but no consistent finding has been attributed to this. focused on lacunar strokes we performed a prospective study with a detailed diagnostic protocol including parameters of recent infection, indicators of sleep apnea and cerebral vasoreactivity (cvr), aimed at defining differences in risk profiles between diurnal and nocturnal strokes. consecutively we included 33 nocturnal and 54 diurnal strokes. baseline characte ... | 2004 | 15525295 |
| rovamycine as add-on treatment in unstable angina and 4 year evolution with major cardiovascular events. | major antibiotic trials targeting chlamydia pneumoniae or the pathogen burden in acute coronary syndromes reported conflicting data. only a minor impact of antibiotic treatment on major cardiovascular events (mace) incidence was demonstrated in some studies. | 2003 | 15526507 |