| snrpn controls the ability of neurons to regenerate axons. | retinal ganglion cells (rgcs) of mammals lose the ability to regenerate injured axons during postnatal maturation, but little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. | 2018 | 29439367 |
| the brain/minds 3d digital marmoset brain atlas. | we present a new 3d digital brain atlas of the non-human primate, common marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus), with mri and coregistered nissl histology data. to the best of our knowledge this is the first comprehensive digital 3d brain atlas of the common marmoset having normalized multi-modal data, cortical and sub-cortical segmentation, and in a common file format (nifti). the atlas can be registered to new data, is useful for connectomics, functional studies, simulation and as a reference. t ... | 2018 | 29437168 |
| dietary supplementation with hybrid palm oil alters liver function in the common marmoset. | hybrid palm oil, which contains higher levels of oleic acid and lower saturated fatty acids in comparison with african palm oil, has been proposed to be somehow equivalent to extra virgin olive oil. however, the biological effects of its consumption are poorly described. here we have explored the effects of its overconsumption on lipid metabolism in a non-human primate model, the common marmoset. dietary supplementation of marmoset with hyperlipidic diet containing hybrid palm oil for 3 months d ... | 2018 | 29426919 |
| neural representations of the full spatial field in auditory cortex of awake marmoset (callithrix jacchus). | unlike visual signals, sound can reach the ears from any direction, and the ability to localize sounds from all directions is essential for survival in a natural environment. previous studies have largely focused on the space in front of a subject that is also covered by vision and were often limited to measuring spatial tuning along the horizontal (azimuth) plane. as a result, we know relatively little about how the auditory cortex responds to sounds coming from spatial locations outside the fr ... | 2019 | 29420692 |
| the common marmoset monkey: avenues for exploring the prenatal, placental, and postnatal mechanisms in developmental programming of pediatric obesity. | animal models have been critical in building evidence that the prenatal experience and intrauterine environment are capable of exerting profound and permanent effects on metabolic health through developmental programming of obesity. however, despite physiological and evolutionary similarities, nonhuman primate models are relatively rare. the common marmoset monkey ( callithrix jacchus) is a new world monkey that has been used as a biomedical model for well more than 50 years and has recently bee ... | 2018 | 29412686 |
| noninvasive measurement of dynamic brain signals using light penetrating the brain. | conventional techniques for the noninvasive measurement of brain activity involve critical limitations in spatial or temporal resolution. here, we propose the method for noninvasive brain function measurement with high spatiotemporal resolution using optical signals. we verified that diffused near-infrared light penetrating through the upper jaw and into the skull, which we term as optoencephalography (oeg), leads to the detection of dynamic brain signals that vary concurrently with the electrop ... | 2018 | 29385211 |
| glutamine/glutamate (glx) concentration in prefrontal cortex predicts reversal learning performance in the marmoset. | this study used magnetic resonance spectroscopy (mrs) to identify potential neurometabolitic markers of cognitive performance in male (n = 7) and female (n = 8) middle-aged (∼5 years old) common marmosets (callithrix jacchus). anesthetized marmosets were scanned with a 4.7 t/40 cm horizontal magnet equipped with 450 mt/m magnetic field gradients and a 20 g/cm magnetic field gradient insert, within 3 months of completing the cantab serial reversal learning task. neurometabolite concentrations of ... | 2018 | 29378291 |
| the response of common marmoset immunity against cedar pollen extract. | the in vivo model of pollinosis has been established using rodents, but the model cannot completely mimic human pollinosis. we used callithrix jacchus, the common marmoset (cm), to establish a pollinosis animal model using intranasal weekly administration of cedar pollen extract with cholera toxin adjuvant. some of the treated cms exhibited the symptoms of snitching, excess nasal mucus and/or sneezing, but the period was very short, and the symptoms disappeared after several weeks. the cd4+cd25+ ... | 2018 | 29332927 |
| development of stereotaxic recording system for awake marmosets (callithrix jacchus). | the common marmoset has been proposed as a potential alternative to macaque monkey as a primate model for neuroscience and medical research. here, we have newly developed a stereotaxic neuronal recording system for awake marmosets under the head-fixed condition by modifying that for macaque monkeys. using this system, we recorded neuronal activity in the cerebral cortex of awake marmosets and successfully identified the primary motor cortex by intracortical microstimulation. neuronal activities ... | 2018 | 29317247 |
| correlated variability in the neurons with the strongest tuning improves direction coding. | sensory perception depends on neuronal populations creating an accurate representation of the external world. the amount of information that a population can represent depends on the tuning of individual neurons and the trial-by-trial variability shared among neurons. although on average, pairwise spike-count correlations between neurons are positive, the distribution is wide, and the relationship between correlations and encoding is not straightforward. here, we examine how single-neuron and po ... | 2019 | 29300838 |
| measuring physiological stress in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus): validation of a salivary cortisol collection and assay technique. | cortisol levels are often used as a physiological measure of the stress response in captive primates, with non-invasive measures of this being an important step in welfare assessment. we report a method of collecting saliva samples voluntarily from unrestrained captive common marmosets (callithrix jacchus), and validate an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) technique previously unused in this species. saliva samples were collected from marmosets housed in pairs in a uk laboratory. the ass ... | 2018 | 29248632 |
| trazodone alleviates both dyskinesia and psychosis in the parkinsonian marmoset model of parkinson's disease. | trazodone is a clinically available anti-depressant that exhibits affinity for serotonin 1a and 2a receptors, as well as for alpha-adrenoceptors, suggesting that it may be useful to treat l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa)-induced dyskinesia and psychosis that are encountered in advanced parkinson's disease (pd). here, we investigated the anti-dyskinetic and anti-psychotic effects of trazodone in the parkinsonian non-human primate. 6 common marmosets were rendered parkinsonian by administrati ... | 2018 | 29247391 |
| a digital 3d atlas of the marmoset brain based on multi-modal mri. | the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) is a new-world monkey of growing interest in neuroscience. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) is an essential tool to unveil the anatomical and functional organization of the marmoset brain. to facilitate identification of regions of interest, it is desirable to register mr images to an atlas of the brain. however, currently available atlases of the marmoset brain are mainly based on 2d histological data, which are difficult to apply to 3d imaging technique ... | 2018 | 29208569 |
| experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) model of cynomolgus macaques induced by recombinant human mog1-125 (rhmog1-125) protein and mog34-56 peptide. | experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) induced by self-myelin antigen is a widely used in multiple sclerosis (ms) model for preclinical studies of new therapeutics and potential pathogenesis. by comparison with rodent eae models, eae models in primates are more similar to ms. some groups have developed eae models in primates by using common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). however, this model has some limitations. eae in cynomolgus monkey (macaque fasciculrais) could overcome these limita ... | 2018 | 29141529 |
| severe oxidative stress in an acute inflammatory demyelinating model in the rhesus monkey. | oxidative stress is increasingly implicated as a co-factor of tissue injury in inflammatory/demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system (cns), such as multiple sclerosis (ms). while rodent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae) models diverge from human demyelinating disorders with respect to limited oxidative injury, we observed that in a non-human primate (nhp) model for ms, namely eae in the common marmoset, key pathological features of the disease were recapitulated, inclu ... | 2017 | 29136024 |
| digital gene atlas of neonate common marmoset brain. | interest in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) as a primate model animal has grown recently, in part due to the successful demonstration of transgenic marmosets. however, there is some debate as to the suitability of marmosets, compared to more widely used animal models, such as the macaque monkey and mouse. especially, the usage of marmoset for animal models of human cognition and mental disorders, is still yet to be fully explored. to examine the prospects of the marmoset model for neuro ... | 2018 | 29111135 |
| differential effects of dopaminergic drugs on spontaneous motor activity in the common marmoset following pretreatment with a bilateral brain infusion of 6-hydroxydopamine. | the differential effects of dopaminergic drugs with different pharmacological profiles were investigated with respect to spontaneous motor activity in the common marmoset following pretreatment with a bilateral brain infusion of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-ohda). three marmosets received infusions of 6-ohda (either 30 or 40 μg/side) into the bilateral dopamine-rich area running from the substantia nigra to the striatum. the motor activity of the 6-ohda marmosets was compared with that of three intact m ... | 2017 | 29099404 |
| quality of common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) oocytes collected after ovarian stimulation. | the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) is an experimental animal that is considered suitable for the creation of next-generation human disease models. it has recently been used in the reproductive technology field. oocytes can be effectively collected from female marmosets via ovarian stimulation with injections of follicle-stimulating hormone (fsh) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg). the oocytes, collected about 28 h after the hcg injection, include both premature oocytes and postmature ( ... | 2018 | 29096269 |
| spatial distribution of buffy-tufted-ear (callithrix aurita) and invasive marmosets (callithrix spp.) in a tropical rainforest reserve in southeastern brazil. | we investigated the spatial distribution of native and invasive marmoset species (callithrix), as well as their hybrids, in the serra dos órgãos national park (parnaso) and surrounding area in rio de janeiro state, brazil. to estimate occupancy and the detection probability, we surveyed 56 sites within the park and 52 sites outside its limits using vocal playbacks, as well as by interviewing local residents in the surrounding area. we estimated the occupancy and detection probability of callithr ... | 2017 | 29072335 |
| association with polymorphic marmoset cytochrome p450 2c19 of in vivo hepatic clearances of chirally separated r-omeprazole and s-warfarin using individual marmoset physiologically based pharmacokinetic models. | 1. simulated clearances of r-warfarin and efavirenz were recently reported for individual cynomolgus monkeys genotyped for cytochrome p450 2c19 and 2c9, respectively. to expand and verify this modeling procedure, simulations of r/s-omeprazole and r/s-warfarin clearances after oral administrations in individual marmosets were performed using individual simplified physiologically based pharmacokinetic (pbpk) modeling consisting of gut, liver and central compartments. 2. pharmacokinetics of r/s-ome ... | 2018 | 29034770 |
| using the common marmoset for neurophysiological studies of neocortical functions. | | 2017 | 29034468 |
| cryo-electron microscopy structure of the lysosomal calcium-permeable channel trpml3. | the modulation of ion channel activity by lipids is increasingly recognized as a fundamental component of cellular signalling. the transient receptor potential mucolipin (trpml) channel family belongs to the trp superfamily and is composed of three members: trpml1-trpml3. trpmls are the major ca2+-permeable channels on late endosomes and lysosomes (lel). they regulate the release of ca2+ from organelles, which is important for various physiological processes, including organelle trafficking and ... | 2017 | 29019979 |
| human and nonhuman primate meninges harbor lymphatic vessels that can be visualized noninvasively by mri. | here, we report the existence of meningeal lymphatic vessels in human and nonhuman primates (common marmoset monkeys) and the feasibility of noninvasively imaging and mapping them in vivo with high-resolution, clinical mri. on t2-flair and t1-weighted black-blood imaging, lymphatic vessels enhance with gadobutrol, a gadolinium-based contrast agent with high propensity to extravasate across a permeable capillary endothelial barrier, but not with gadofosveset, a blood-pool contrast agent. the topo ... | 2017 | 28971799 |
| fathering style influences health outcome in common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) offspring. | in the cooperative breeding common marmoset monkey, callithrix jacchus, fathers share the care responsibility and energetic load with their mate from the time their infants are born. however, not all fathers show the same level of participation in direct infant care. here we present the first results demonstrating that fathering style can improve both survival and growth trajectory of a male's offspring during the first 30 weeks of life and that these infant outcomes are consistent within a fath ... | 2017 | 28957433 |
| developmental trajectories of macroanatomical structures in common marmoset brain. | morphometry studies of human brain development have revealed characteristics of some growth patterns, such as gray matter (gm) and white matter (wm), but the features that make human neurodevelopment distinct from that in other species remain unclear. studies of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus), a small new world primate, can provide insights into unique features such as cooperative behaviors complementary to those from comparative analyses using mouse and rhesus monkey. in the present s ... | 2017 | 28939259 |
| mapping orbitofrontal-limbic maturation in non-human primates: a longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging study. | brain development involves spatiotemporally complex microstructural changes. a number of neuropsychiatric disorders are linked to the neural processes of development and aging. thus, it is important to understanding the typical developmental patterns of various brain structures, which will help to define critical periods of vulnerability for neural maturation, as well as anatomical mechanisms of brain structure-related neuropathology. in this study, we used magnetic resonance imaging to assess d ... | 2017 | 28923274 |
| limited susceptibility of rhesus macaques to a cowpox virus isolated from a lethal outbreak among new world monkeys. | this study was undertaken to investigate the susceptibility of rhesus monkeys to the calpox virus, an orthopoxvirus (opxv) of the cowpox virus species (cpxv), which is uniformly lethal in common marmosets. six rhesus monkeys were either intravenously (i.v.) or intranasally (i.n.) exposed to the virus. monitoring of the macaques after viral exposure included physical examinations, the determination of viral load by real-time pcr and plaque assay, and the analysis of humoral responses. two i.v. in ... | 2017 | 32110704 |
| overcoming barriers to reprogramming and differentiation in nonhuman primate induced pluripotent stem cells. | induced pluripotent stem cells (ips cells) generated by cellular reprogramming from nonhuman primates (nhps) are of great significance for regenerative medicine and for comparative biology. autologously derived stem cells would theoretically avoid any risk of rejection due to host-donor mismatch and may bypass the need for immune suppression post-transplant. in order for these possibilities to be realized, reprogramming methodologies that were initially developed mainly for human cells must be t ... | 2017 | 32110703 |
| feasibility of intravitreal injections and ophthalmic safety assessment in marmoset (callithrix jacchus) monkeys. | to safeguard patients, regulatory authorities require that new drugs that are to be given by the intravitreal (ivt) route are assessed for their safety in a laboratory species using the same route of administration. due to the high similarity of ocular morphology and physiology between humans and nonhuman primates (nhps) and due to the species specificity of many biotherapeutics, the monkey is often the only appropriate model. to this end, intravitreal administration and assessment of ocular tox ... | 2017 | 32110696 |
| spontaneous lung pathology in a captive common marmoset colony (callithrix jacchus). | data on spontaneous pathology are substantially scarce for common marmosets, compared to other laboratory animals, but is essential for the interpretation of histological findings in the context of toxicological and experimental studies. especially if common marmosets are used as experimental animals in respiratory research, detailed knowledge on the spectrum, occurrence, and incidence of spontaneous histopathological pulmonary lesions in this non-human primate species is required. in this study ... | 2017 | 32110688 |
| use of nonhuman primates for the development of bioengineered female reproductive organs. | nonhuman primates (nhps) have been widely used in reproductive biology, neuroscience, and drug development since a number of primate species are phylogenetically close to humans. in this review, we summarize the use of nhps for nonclinical application in the reproductive system disorders including the loss or failure of an organ or tissue. causes of infertility include congenital aplasia and acquired disorders of the reproductive organs. in addition, anti-cancer treatments can deplete ovarian fo ... | 2016 | 30603414 |
| [advances in the animal models of mers-cov]. | the middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (mers-cov) was first isolated in 2012 from patients that died from severe pneumonia. it was another coronavirus which resulted in severe infection of humans, apart from the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. the development of an appropriate animal model is necessary to study the pathogenesis and to evaluate the intervening measures against mers-cov infection. to date, several small animals(e.g., mice, syrian hamsters, and ferrets) hav ... | 2016 | 29963837 |
| behavior, pet and histology in novel regimen of mptp marmoset model of parkinson's disease for long-term stem cell therapy. | stem cell technologies are particularly attractive in parkinson's disease (pd) research although they occasionally need long-term treatment for anti-parkinsonian activity. unfortunately, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (mptp) widely used as a model for pd has several limitations, including the risk of dose-dependent mortality and the difficulty of maintenance of pd symptoms during the whole experiment period. therefore, we tested if our novel mptp regimen protocol (2 mg/kg for 2 con ... | 2016 | 30603390 |
| chimaeric and constitutive dna fingerprints in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). | marmosets normally produce dizygotic twins sharing placental blood vessels and exchanging bone marrow cells. each individual is therefore likely to be a blood chimaera. to date, marmosets had only been dna fingerprinted using blood samples and probes 33.6 and 33.15, resulting in highly similar fingerprints among litter mates and little variation between other individuals, thereby limiting this method's use for individual identification and parentage testing. in this study, novel probes were appl ... | 2000 | 30545191 |
| noninvasive monitoring of follicle development, ovulation, and corpus luteum formation in the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus) by ultrasonography. | this is the first paper to describe ovarian changes associated with follicular growth, ovulation, and corpus luteum (cl) formation as monitored by ultrasonography in a multiovular primate, the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus). examinations were carried out transabdominally on unsedated females using a 10 mhz probe. cycles were monitored by plasma progesterone and controlled by administration of prostaglandin f2α (pgf). the reliability of ultrasound was validated by comparing findings with di ... | 1996 | 31918495 |
| use of ultrasound to monitor prenatal growth and development in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). | the increasing use of non-human primates to study fetal development and neonatal management has necessitated the availability of fetuses of known gestational history. in this study, prenatal development and growth were investigated in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) using ultrasound. the objectives of this study were: (1) to determine the accuracy of ultrasound for monitoring prenatal growth and development in common marmosets, (2) to determine if litter size influences prenatal growth ... | 1995 | 31924098 |
| detection of pregnancy and monitoring patterns of uterine and fetal growth in the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus) by real-time ultrasonography. | the purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of real-time ultrasonography for detecting and monitoring pregnancy in the common marmoset. ultrasound was performed transabdominally on unsedated females using a 7.5 mhz linear or intraoperative sector probe. pregnancies were timed using progesterone measurements in twice weekly blood samples to determine the day of ovulation. eight pregnancies were examined three times a week until day 30, twice a week until day 80, and once a week until ... | 1995 | 31924086 |
| group size, composition, and reproductive success in wild common marmosets (callithrix jacchus). | data from published sources about size and composition of wild common marmoset groups (callithrix jacchus) were analyzed to see if the number of juveniles in a group is closely related to the number of other group members. mean group size was 8.7 members including 4.4 adults (1.8 females, 2.5 males), 2.9 subadults, and 1.4 juveniles. the number of juveniles was significantly positively correlated to the number of adult males. groups with one or two adult males had significantly fewer juveniles ( ... | 1995 | 31924081 |
| new world primates for research in human reproductive health. | the new world primates are relatively new to studies in reproductive health. the essential factors in their reproductive physiology and endocrinology are now established for the three species considered here: saimiri sciureus, cebus apella, and callithrix jacchus. our studies to date in c. jacchus have concentrated on developmental biology (gametogenesis, fertilization, implantation, neonatal growth) and on strategic studies of new pharmacological agents for the regulation of fertility (vaccines ... | 1994 | 31936988 |
| responses to natural and synthetic phee calls by common marmosets (callithrix jacchus). | captive adult common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) produce whistlelike "phee" calls in two contexts: in the home cage, where phee calls may function as part of territorial marking behavior, and when separated from social companions, where phee calls may function to reunite conspecifics. natural and synthesized calls representing the acoustic structure of male and female calls in each context were presented to adult marmosets in a playback paradigm. marmosets demonstrated discriminative abilitie ... | 1994 | 31936925 |
| absence of thyroid hormone resistance in vitamin d-;resistant new world primates. | new world primates express a form of sterol/steroid resistance resulting from the presence of a 58-60 kda intracellular protein (idbp) which competes with nuclear receptor proteins for binding of vitamin d metabolites and sex steroids. as the thyroid hormone receptor is a recognized member of the steroid/retinoid/vitamin d receptor gene superfamily, we sought to confirm previous data describing the existence of thyronine resistance in new world primate species and to determine whether idbp was c ... | 1994 | 31936922 |
| the stability of the vocal signature in phee calls of the common marmoset, callithrix jacchus. | phee calls were recorded from five captive common marmosets on three occasions. an initial recording session was followed by further sessions 1-12 days later, and finally, 12 months after the initial sample. sonograms from the first recordings were measured using one duration and five frequency parameters, and significant differences between individuals were found for all six parameters. discriminant function analysis was then applied to classify each call to a particular individual, witn a resu ... | 1993 | 32070085 |
| observations on effects of neonatal castration upon sexual and aggressive behavior in the male common marmoset (callithrix jacchus). | the behavior of eight adult male marmosets that were bilaterally castrated during neonatal life (postnatal days 1-7), a single unilaterally castrated male, and eight age-matched intact adult males was observed during encounter tests with unfamiliar conspecifics. when neonatally castrated (nc) males encountered ovariectomized, estradiol-treated females, both partners were intensely aggressive and 66% of tests were terminated to avoid injuries. no mounts occurred, and females exhibited little or n ... | 1993 | 32070083 |
| context and gender-specific differences in the acoustic structure of common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) phee calls. | captive adult common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) produce whistle-like "phee" calls in two contexts; in the home cage environment, phee calls may function as part of territorial marking behavior, and when animals are separated from social companions, phee calls may serve to reunite the group. isolation phee calls tend to have more syllables than calls produced in the home cage by the same animals, and as a result, are longer in duration. the durations of isolation call syllables are shorter th ... | 1993 | 31941179 |
| infant survival and number of helpers in captive groups of common marmosets (callithrix jacchus). | in a colony of captive marmoset monkeys (callithrix jacchus), the survival rate of infants up to the age of 90 days after birth was analyzed with special reference to the number of members in the group. the number of group members (newborns excluded) varied between two (parents only) and 18 (parents plus non-reproductive helpers); the number of adult group members varied between two and 15. five hundred ninety-two live-born, parent-reared infants of 263 litters from 56 breeding females were incl ... | 1993 | 31937021 |
| how to obtain individual urine samples from undisturbed marmoset families. | an apparatus and a method are described, which allow simultaneous urine collection from all individual members of undisturbed marmoset families. the monkeys have been trained, after leaving their sleeping box, to enter single adjacent compartments where they are rewarded. there the monkeys micturate within minutes and the clean urine runs directly into cryotubes. these simultaneously collected urine samples open up the opportunity for investigation of the relationship between endocrine function ... | 1993 | 31937001 |
| reversible, long-term inhibition of ovulation with a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist in the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus). | the effects of weekly injections of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (gnrh) antagonist (gnrha) ([n-acetyl-dβnal1-d-pcl-phe2-d-phe3-d-arg6-phe7-arg8d-ala10] nh2 gnrh) on pituitary and ovarian function were examined in the marmoset monkey, callithrix jacchus. in experiment 1, five cyclic females were given weekly injections of vehicle (50% propylene glycol in saline) for 6 weeks followed by gnrha for 20 weeks, animals receiving either 200 μg gnrha/injection (n = 2) or 67 μg gnrha/injection (n = 3) ... | 1992 | 31948156 |
| "environmental stress" and reproductive success in the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus jacchus). | the present report documents the breeding success of a new colony of common marmosets (callithrix jacchus jacchus) and demonstrates a correlation between environmental stress and reproductive success. environmental conditions ranged chronologically over 40 months, through four periods: i) the initial period, when the colony was formed; ii) a phase of relative environmental stability; iii) a stage of "environmental stress" (when the colony was disrupted by nearby construction); and iv) a return t ... | 1991 | 31948181 |
| infant carrying in a polygynous group of common marmosets (callithrix jacchus). | in a captive group of common marmosets (callithrix jacchus), consisting of six group members and the three infants of the two breeding females, we analyzed participation of all group members in infant carrying, and suckling by the two breeding females. during the first two weeks of the infants' lives, the two breeding females carried their own infant(s) almost exclusively due primarily to the mutual avoidance by the two females. at the beginning of the third week of the infants' lives nearly all ... | 1991 | 31948177 |
| circadian pattern of plasma melatonin concentrations in the marmoset monkey (callithrix jacchus). | this study describes the concentrations of melatonin in plasma samples taken from marmoset monkeys (callithrix jacchus) every 4 h over three 24-h periods. a circadian pattern of secretion was apparent, with higher levels recorded at night (20.00-08.00 h) than during the day (08.00-20.00 h) and a peak concentration at 20.00 h. there was a significant difference in the mean day and night concentrations (32.5 ± 4.5 pg/ml versus 49.0 ± 6.9 pg/ml, respectively) with individual concentrations ranging ... | 1989 | 31968856 |
| characteristics of the circadian activity rhythm in common marmosets (callithrix j. jacchus). | the circadian activity rhythm of the common marmoset, callithrix j. jacchus was investigated by long-term recording of the locomotor activity of 15 individuals (5 males, 10 females) from 1.5 to 8 years old, both under constant illumination and under ld 12:12. the mean period of the spontaneous circadian rhythm was 23.2 ± 0.3 h. neither sex-specific differences nor a systematic influence of light intensity on the spontaneous period were observed, but the period was dependent on the duration of th ... | 1989 | 31964051 |
| chromosome studies of saguinus midas niger (callithricidae, primates) from tucurui, para, brazil: comparison with the karyotype of callithrix jacchus. | the karotype of saguinus midas niger was studied by g-, c-, and nuclear organizer region (nor)-banding techniques. variations in c-banding patterns were observed in some chromosomes. the banding patterns obtained were compared with those previously described for callithrix jacchus. the two species differ by a reciprocal translocation involving pairs 9 and 16; by a paracentric inversion in chromosomes 1, 13, 14, 18, and 22; and by a pericentric inversion in at least four subtelocentric pairs (chr ... | 1988 | 31973446 |
| comparison of infant care in family groups of the common marmoset (callithrix jacchus) and the cotton-top tamarin (saguinus oedipus). | the involvement of parents and siblings in infant care in similarly composed groups of common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) and cotton-top tamarins (saguinus oedipus) was compared during the infants' first 8 weeks of life. the results indicate an earlier infant independence in c. jacchus than in s. oedipus due primarily to a more frequent rejection of carried infants in c. jacchus. there was no species difference in extent of maternal involvment in carrying infants. however, s. oedipus fathers ... | 1986 | 31979458 |
| effects of sibling-rearing experience on future reproductive success in two species of callitrichidae. | the survival rate for offspring of mothers who either had or did not have previous experience rearing younger siblings was compared in two callitrichid species, callithrix jacchus and saguinus oedipus. offspring of mothers with sibling-rearing experience had a higher survival percentage than offspring of inexperienced mothers in both species. while 50-60% of offspring of inexperienced c. jacchus mothers survived, no offspring of inexperienced s. oedipus mothers survived. the results suggest that ... | 1984 | 32160724 |
| field notes and geographic distribution of callithrix aurita in eastern brazil. | callithrix aurita, an endangered marmoset endemic to eastern brazil, was observed from june to october 1982. preliminary observations suggest that behavioral and morphological differences exist which distinguish c. aurita from the common marmoset, c. jacchus. new data are provided on the geographic distribution of c. aurita, extending it northward within the known ranges of c. penicillata in the states of sao paulo and minas gerais and c. flaviceps in eastern minas gerais. | 1984 | 32106636 |
| behavioral and physiological suppression of fertility in subordinate marmoset monkeys. | in laboratory groups of common marmosets (callithrix jacchus jacchus), socially induced reproductive suppression among subordinates and offspring effectively maintained a monogamous breeding system. male subordinates or male offspring were inhibited or restrained from showing sexual behavior, while similarly placed females could also suffer from complete ovarian failure. in well-established families, a familiarity or inbreeding taboo restricted reproduction among otherwise fertile offspring. how ... | 1984 | 31986838 |
| monitoring ovarian function in marmosets and tamarins by the measurement of urinary estrogen metabolites. | practical aspects of urinary estrogen analysis were considered with regard to establishing simple and reliable methods for monitoring ovarian function in marmosets and tamarins. changes in the hormone:creatinine ratio in small volumes of urine from the common marmoset were significantly correlated with changes in 24-h excretion. comparison of the metabolism and excretion of estrogens during the ovarian cycle in the common marmoset and cottontop tamarin revealed interesting species differences. h ... | 1984 | 31986836 |
| red-bellied tamarins (saguinus labiatus): hematologic reference values and hemopathologic responses. | hematologic reference values have been established for captive adult red-bellied tamarins (saguinus labiatus) by carrying out full blood counts and fibrinogen estimations on 25 clinically normal animals. the only significant sex difference detected was in the reticulocyte count which was higher in females than in males. the reference values were used to identify abnormal changes in the blood of nine clinical cases. hypochromic anemia, neutrophilia, and raised fibrinogen levels were found in anim ... | 1983 | 31991968 |
| comparative anatomy of brain monoaminergic neurons in new world and old world monkeys. | a comparison of the distribution of brain monoamine neurons in several new world and old world monkeys was undertaken using the falck-hillarp formaldehyde histofluorescence technique. the overall organization of the monoamine neurons was very similar in all species, although subtle variations were found. catecholamine (noradrenaline and dopamine) and indoleamine (serotonin) cell bodies corresponding to groups a1-a7, a8-a10, and b1-b9, respectively were found throughout the brainstem. a few catec ... | 1982 | 32197559 |
| clinical hematology of the common marmoset callithrix jacchus. | hematological studies have been carried out on a group of 96 common marmosets (callithrix jacchus) on which full clinical histories were available. the group included both healthy and sick animals. reference values for red-cell, white-cell, and platelet counts; hemoglobin levels; packed cell volumes; red- and white-cell absolute values; reticulocyte counts; and fibrinogen levels were calculated from results obtained in 43 clinically normal individuals. these reference values have been used to id ... | 1982 | 31991976 |
| the comparative ultrastructure of the epididymis in monkeys and man: a search for a suitable animal model for studying epididymal physiology in primates. | to assess both the need and potential of different primates for studying human epididymal function, the ultrastructure of the epididymis in several new and old world monkeys has been compared with that of man. sexually mature monkeys of six species were used; three talapoin monkeys, two pig-tail macaques, one patas monkey, one capuchin, one spider monkey, and four common marmosets. samples of human epididymis were obtained from men undergoing vasectomy. tissue was examined by light and electron ... | 1981 | 31995940 |
| establishing an induced pluripotent stem cell line from neonatal common marmoset fibroblasts by an all-in-one episomal vector approach. | epstein-barr virus (ebv)-based episomal vector system enables persistent transgene expression, which is advantageous for efficient derivation of transgene-free induced pluripotent stem cells (ipscs) without viral transduction. here, we report establishment of an ipsc line from somatic fibroblasts of a neonatal common marmoset monkey (marmoset; callithrix jacchus) using an all-in-one episomal vector that we newly developed. the established ipsc line, named nm-ips, showed standard characteristics ... | 2021 | 34088009 |