| [monocyte chemotactic factor produced by human umbilical vein endothelial cells in vitro]. | the blood monocytes have been well known as one of the origins of foam cells in atherosclerotic plaque, but the mechanism controlling the migration of monocytes into the subendothelial space is still unclear. the chemotactic activity of the conditioned medium from cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells for human blood monocytes was investigated by micropore filter assay; meanwhile, heat stability and enzyme digestion assays were undertaken. the results showed that the conditioned medium ... | 1991 | 1782691 |
| iron-sulphur clusters in electron transfer, catalysis and control. | | 1991 | 1783185 |
| comparative study of vibrio cholerae non-o1 isolated from 2 rivers according to antibiotics and metals susceptibility. | vibrio cholerae non-o1 was isolated at six locations on each of two different rivers in 1984 and 1985. a study of the strains isolated from these rivers according to antibiotic and metal susceptibility and the incidence of resistant strains produced the following results. 1) tests to determine susceptibility to eight antibiotics (chloramphenicol, tetracycline, streptomycin, kanamycin, ampicillin, gentamicin, nalidixic acid and polymyxin-b) indicated that there was virtually no difference in the ... | 1991 | 1783804 |
| [epidemics return and new ones are added]. | cholera asiatic is an acute infection of the intestinal tract through vibrio cholerae bacteria causing diarrhea, dehydration, and kidney failure. it was discovered by robert koch in 1883 on his study trip in egypt. transmission is mostly through drinking of contaminated water and sometimes by consumption of infected food such as seafood. cholera originates from southeast asia, mainly india where it already appeared in ancient times. it spread from india in pandemic waves in the last few cent ... | 1991 | 1786218 |
| serotype variation in vibrio cholerae el tor diarrhoea in northern nigeria. | serotyping of vibrio cholerae organisms causing epidemics in zaria and environs since 1975 to 1986 shows that hikojima serotype was prevalent from 1976-1978, but ogawa became prevalent from 1984 till 1986. the internal and external pressures responsible for these selections are unclear. | 1991 | 1790564 |
| [cholera]. | | 1991 | 1790851 |
| [work capacity of man when using individual respiratory protective devices]. | gas-mask decreased the ability to work by 20-50%. it was caused by decreasing skin and respiratory evaporation. ventilation of the under mask interspace (90 1/min) was recommended. | 1991 | 1790865 |
| non-o:1 vibrio cholerae bacteremia: report of two cases. | | 1991 | 1791351 |
| synthesis, antimicrobial, and antitumor activity of a series of palladium(ii) mixed ligand complexes. | mixed ligand complexes of cisdichloromethioninepalladium(ii) with 2-mercaptopyrimidine and 2-aminopyrimidine were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, conductivity data, infrared, and 1h nmr and 13c nmr spectra. in these mixed ligand complexes methionine coordinates to palladium through amino nitrogen and sulphur, thus leaving a free carboxylic acid group. the pyrimidine ligand coordinates to metal ion through n3. mixed ligand complexes of cisdichloroethioninepalladium(ii) with c ... | 1991 | 1791468 |
| distinguishing between the extracellular dnases of vibrio cholerae and development of a transformation system. | vibrio cholerae is known to secrete dnase(s) into the extracellular environment. these proteins have been thought to be responsible for the difficulties in transforming this organism. in this work we demonstrate that the dns and xds genes differ and that their products are solely responsible for the extracellular dnase activity. by site-directed mutagenesis, strains have been constructed which are mutant in one or both genes. these strains have been assessed for their ability to be transformed w ... | 1991 | 1791765 |
| structural studies of the vibrio cholerae o:3 o-antigen polysaccharide. | the structure of the vibrio cholerae o:3 o-antigen polysaccharide has been investigated, mainly by n.m.r. spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, sugar and methylation analysis, and specific degradations, and is proposed to involve the following tetrasaccharide repeating-unit. [formula: see text]. in this structure, d-d-hep is d-glycero-d-manno-heptose, asc is 3,6-dideoxy-l-arabino-hexose (ascarylose), and sug is 2,4-diamino-2,4,6-trideoxy-d-glucose (bacillosamine) in which n-2 is acetylated and n-4 is ... | 1991 | 1794128 |
| [molecular mechanisms of selecting influenza virus strains by signs of drug resistance]. | | 1991 | 1794277 |
| aspirin-like drugs, ethanol-induced rat gastric injury and mucosal eicosanoid release. | the effect of oral administration of various non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs on ethanol-induced rat gastric injury and mucosal release of leukotriene c4, 6-keto-prostaglandin f1 alpha and 15-hydroxy-5,8,11,13-eicosatetraenoic acid was investigated. it was found that besides sodium salicylate and high doses of aspirin, other salicylate-type drugs, such as diflunisal, 4-aminosalicylic acid, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and methyl salicylate, and several non-acidic compounds, such as proquazone, ... | 1991 | 1794414 |
| catalase activity in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. | | 1991 | 1794560 |
| structural and biochemical changes in the sclera of experimentally myopic eyes. | | 1991 | 1794573 |
| non 01 vibrio cholerae in intestinal and extra intestinal infections in vellore, s. india. | non 01 v.cholerae is known to cause gastroenteritis and extra intestinal manifestations, including septicemia. we report here our isolation of non 01 v.cholerae from various clinical specimens. although most of the isolates are from faeces samples from patients with diarrhoea, we have three isolates from blood culture in patients with underlying liver disease. the highest incidence occurred in 1982-1983 and 1987 and 1988. | 1991 | 1794903 |
| structural characterization of the urinary metabolites of iprindole in rat. | 1. the in vivo metabolism of iprindole in rat is described. each rat received a single dose of iprindole (10 mg/kg) and urine was collected for 48 h. 2. fourteen metabolites of iprindole were isolated from rat urine after enzymic hydrolysis and their structures were determined by a computerized g.l.c.-mass spectrometric technique, before and after appropriate chemical derivatization. 3. three concurrent metabolic pathways have been identified for iprindole in rat; aromatic ring hydroxylation is ... | 1991 | 1796616 |
| urinary metabolites of doxapram in premature neonates. | 1. urine samples from 20 premature neonates who received doxapram by i.v. infusion were analysed for drug metabolites by g.l.c-mass spectrometry. 2. in addition to doxapram, all urines contained at least one metabolite, but the known metabolite, 3-ketodoxapram, was detected in only 50% of the samples, and in some instances only in trace amounts. 3. significant inter-individual differences in the metabolic pathways of doxapram were observed. 4. a total of six metabolites of doxapram were isolated ... | 1991 | 1796617 |
| hiv infection and visa. | | 1991 | 1796963 |
| hiv infection and visa. | | 1991 | 1796963 |
| unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin pigments during perinatal development. iii. studies on serum of breast-fed and formula-fed neonates. | the process of conjugation and secretion of bilirubin was studied in a group of healthy, full-term, exclusively breast-fed newborns and a control group of exclusively formula-fed infants by means of a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of bilirubins present in serum. the serum concentrations of unconjugated bilirubin, esterified bilirubin, and the proportion of diesterified bilirubin (as percent of esterified bilirubin) were not significantly different in breast- and ... | 1991 | 1797114 |
| unconjugated and conjugated bilirubin pigments during perinatal development. iii. studies on serum of breast-fed and formula-fed neonates. | the process of conjugation and secretion of bilirubin was studied in a group of healthy, full-term, exclusively breast-fed newborns and a control group of exclusively formula-fed infants by means of a reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of bilirubins present in serum. the serum concentrations of unconjugated bilirubin, esterified bilirubin, and the proportion of diesterified bilirubin (as percent of esterified bilirubin) were not significantly different in breast- and ... | 1991 | 1797114 |
| genomic organization of the rat aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (aadc) locus: partial analysis reveals divergence from the drosophila dopa decarboxylase (ddc) gene structure. | aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (aadc) is responsible for the conversion of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) and l-5-hydroxytryptophan to dopamine and serotonin, respectively, which are important neurotransmitters. we characterized genomic clones derived from the rat aadc locus by southern blot and nucleotide sequencing analyses to explore the exonal organization of the gene. our results suggest that the rat aadc gene is relatively large, containing at least 12 exons and spanning at lea ... | 1991 | 1797228 |
| genomic organization of the rat aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (aadc) locus: partial analysis reveals divergence from the drosophila dopa decarboxylase (ddc) gene structure. | aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (aadc) is responsible for the conversion of l-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-dopa) and l-5-hydroxytryptophan to dopamine and serotonin, respectively, which are important neurotransmitters. we characterized genomic clones derived from the rat aadc locus by southern blot and nucleotide sequencing analyses to explore the exonal organization of the gene. our results suggest that the rat aadc gene is relatively large, containing at least 12 exons and spanning at lea ... | 1991 | 1797228 |
| memory modulation by brain benzodiazepines. | 1. recent evidence indicates that post-training memory processes are down-regulated by benzodiazepine/gaba-a systems in the amygdala, septum and hippocampus. habituation and avoidance learning are accompanied by a decrease of benzodiazepine-like immunoreactivity in the three structures, explainable by a release of benzodiazepines. immediate post-training microinjection of the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil into the hippocampus enhances retention of habituation. the post-training administra ... | 1991 | 1797279 |
| memory modulation by brain benzodiazepines. | 1. recent evidence indicates that post-training memory processes are down-regulated by benzodiazepine/gaba-a systems in the amygdala, septum and hippocampus. habituation and avoidance learning are accompanied by a decrease of benzodiazepine-like immunoreactivity in the three structures, explainable by a release of benzodiazepines. immediate post-training microinjection of the benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil into the hippocampus enhances retention of habituation. the post-training administra ... | 1991 | 1797279 |
| endotoxin induces eosinophil accumulation in the rat pleural cavity. | changes in eosinophil counts after intrathoracic (it) injection of endotoxin (lps) were investigated in wistar rats (150-180 g). increasing doses of endotoxin (62.5-500 ng/cavity) induced a dose-dependent increase in the number of eosinophils recovered from the rat pleural cavity 24 h later. the eosinophilia was apparent within 24 h, peaked within 48 h (from 0.76 +/- 0.12 to 3.68 +/- 0.51 eosinophils x 10(6)/cavity, p less than 0.001) and returned to basal levels 120 h after the it injection of ... | 1991 | 1797292 |
| endotoxin induces eosinophil accumulation in the rat pleural cavity. | changes in eosinophil counts after intrathoracic (it) injection of endotoxin (lps) were investigated in wistar rats (150-180 g). increasing doses of endotoxin (62.5-500 ng/cavity) induced a dose-dependent increase in the number of eosinophils recovered from the rat pleural cavity 24 h later. the eosinophilia was apparent within 24 h, peaked within 48 h (from 0.76 +/- 0.12 to 3.68 +/- 0.51 eosinophils x 10(6)/cavity, p less than 0.001) and returned to basal levels 120 h after the it injection of ... | 1991 | 1797292 |
| local intracoronary infusions of bradykinin profoundly reduce the severity of ischaemia-induced arrhythmias in anaesthetized dogs. | bradykinin in a dose (25 ng kg-1 min-1) which did not alter coronary flow, or saline, were infused into a small branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery in dogs anaesthetized with chloralose and urethane, for 10 min prior to coronary artery occlusion and throughout the 25 min occlusion period. the degree of inhomogeneity of conduction and epicardial st-segment changes were measured in the ischaemic zone with a composite electrode. in control dogs, coronary artery occlusion led to s ... | 1991 | 1797297 |
| local intracoronary infusions of bradykinin profoundly reduce the severity of ischaemia-induced arrhythmias in anaesthetized dogs. | bradykinin in a dose (25 ng kg-1 min-1) which did not alter coronary flow, or saline, were infused into a small branch of the left anterior descending coronary artery in dogs anaesthetized with chloralose and urethane, for 10 min prior to coronary artery occlusion and throughout the 25 min occlusion period. the degree of inhomogeneity of conduction and epicardial st-segment changes were measured in the ischaemic zone with a composite electrode. in control dogs, coronary artery occlusion led to s ... | 1991 | 1797297 |
| comparison of the electrophysiological effects of org 7797, disopyramide, mexiletine and propafenone in anaesthetized dogs with myocardial infarcts. | 1. the electrophysiological effects of intravenously administered org 7797 were compared with those of disopyramide (class ia), mexiletine (ib) and propafenone (ic) in anaesthetized dogs with 5-6 day-old left ventricular myocardial infarcts. 2. org 7797 (0.5 mg kg-1) slowed conduction at all levels of the myocardium as shown by increases in st-a, ah, hv and qrs intervals, very modestly prolonged atrial and ventricular refractory periods and slightly shortened ventricular repolarization. sinus no ... | 1991 | 1797309 |
| comparison of the electrophysiological effects of org 7797, disopyramide, mexiletine and propafenone in anaesthetized dogs with myocardial infarcts. | 1. the electrophysiological effects of intravenously administered org 7797 were compared with those of disopyramide (class ia), mexiletine (ib) and propafenone (ic) in anaesthetized dogs with 5-6 day-old left ventricular myocardial infarcts. 2. org 7797 (0.5 mg kg-1) slowed conduction at all levels of the myocardium as shown by increases in st-a, ah, hv and qrs intervals, very modestly prolonged atrial and ventricular refractory periods and slightly shortened ventricular repolarization. sinus no ... | 1991 | 1797309 |
| a calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) antagonist (cgrp8-37) inhibits microvascular responses induced by cgrp and capsaicin in skin. | 1. the effect of the calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) antagonist cgrp8-37 on responses to cgrp and other mediators was investigated in rabbit dorsal skin. 2. blood flow changes at intradermally-injected sites were measured by a multiple site 133xenon clearance technique. cgrp8-37 had little effect on blood flow at doses up to 0.3 nmol/site, when injected alone, although a significant increase in blood flow was observed at the highest dose tested (1 nmol/site). 3. cgrp8-37 dose-dependently ... | 1991 | 1797334 |
| a calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) antagonist (cgrp8-37) inhibits microvascular responses induced by cgrp and capsaicin in skin. | 1. the effect of the calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp) antagonist cgrp8-37 on responses to cgrp and other mediators was investigated in rabbit dorsal skin. 2. blood flow changes at intradermally-injected sites were measured by a multiple site 133xenon clearance technique. cgrp8-37 had little effect on blood flow at doses up to 0.3 nmol/site, when injected alone, although a significant increase in blood flow was observed at the highest dose tested (1 nmol/site). 3. cgrp8-37 dose-dependently ... | 1991 | 1797334 |
| 2,3-didehydro-2-deoxysialic acids structurally varied at c-5 and their behaviour towards the sialidase from vibrio cholerae. | 2,3-didehydro-2-deoxy-n-trifluoroacetylneuraminic acid (5-trifluoroacetyl-neu2en) (3) has been synthesised from neu5ac2en (1) by hydrazinolysis, to give neu2en (2), followed by n-trifluoroacetylation. 2,3-didehydro-2,3-dideoxy-d-glycero-d-galacto-2-nonulopyranoson ic acid (kdn2en, 8) and 5-azido-2,3-didehydro-2,3,5-trideoxy-d-glycero-d-galacto-2-nonu lopyranosonic acid (5-azido-5-deoxy-kdn2en, 9) have been prepared from the acetylated methyl esters of kdn (4) and 5-azido-5-deoxy-kdn (5) via zemp ... | 1991 | 1797392 |
| role of faecal leucocytes in the diagnostic evaluation of acute diarrhoea. | the value of faecal leucocyte examination was assessed in 400 infants with acute diarrhoea and 40 normal healthy infants. enteropathogens were isolated from 28.75%. escherichia coli was the commonest (16.5%) followed by salmonella typhimurium (7%), vibrio cholerae (3.25%) and shigella flexneri (1.5%). exudative response was observed in 57.1% of stools with salmonella and 66.6% each with shigella and e.i.e.c. infections. 81.3%, 89.5% and 87.7% of stools from which epec and etec and no enteropatho ... | 1991 | 1797652 |
| prognostic indicators and risk factors for increased duration of acute diarrhoea and for persistent diarrhoea in children. | to identify the prognostic indicators and risk factors for increased duration of acute diarrhoea and for occurrence of persistent diarrhoea (i.e. acute episodes lasting longer than 14 days) in children under three years, a systematic sample (3690) of patients attending a large treatment centre in bangladesh was analysed using multiple regression, logistic regression and stratified (mantel-haenszel) analysis. significant prognostic indicators or risk factors for increase in duration of acute diar ... | 1991 | 1800405 |
| coincident recording and stimulation of single and multiple neuronal activity with one extracellular microelectrode. | this paper describes how an extracellular microelectrode may be used to stimulate neurons with brief, rectangular pulses and afterwards directly record the resultant activity. two obstacles are the stimulus artifact lingering in the electrical circuitry and transient tip potentials (ttps) arising from ion depletion at the electrode-tissue interface. electronic switching between the stimulus source and the recording amplifier eliminates direct stimulus artifact from the electrical circuitry, alth ... | 1991 | 1800855 |
| detection of a heat-labile enterotoxin gene in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli by densitometric evaluation using highly specific enzyme-linked oligonucleotide probes. | two alkaline phosphatase-conjugated 24-mer oligonucleotide probes were developed to detect the heat-labile enterotoxin gene in enterotoxigenic escherichia coli. probes were antisense codon sequences, which are transcribed into mrna, of the heat-labile enterotoxin gene of enterotoxigenic escherichia coli of human origin. using dot-blot hybridization, probes were tested with 100 clinical isolates and evaluated by a reflectance-type densitometer. results agreed very well with those of an immunologi ... | 1991 | 1802695 |
| pharmacological properties of cloned muscarinic receptors expressed in a9 l cells; comparison with in vitro models. | the effects of a series of muscarinic agonists and antagonists at cloned m1 and m3 muscarinic receptors expressed in mouse fibroblast a9 l cells have been compared with their effects in in vitro models of m1 (rat superior cervical ganglion) and m3 (guinea-pig ileum) muscarinic receptors. a good correlation existed between the potencies of muscarinic agonists at cloned m1 muscarinic receptors and the m1 sites in rat ganglion (r = 0.80) as well as at cloned m3 receptors and guinea-pig ileum m3 rec ... | 1991 | 1802743 |
| environmental health conditions and cholera vulnerability in latin america and the caribbean. | epidemic cholera reached south america in january 1991 and later spread to central america and the united states. it afflicted 312,000 people and claimed 3200 lives. since cholera had not been in latin america for almost 70 years, health authorities allowed environmental health barriers to cholera collapse. for example, the governments of the region agreed in 1961 to abide by the charter of punta del este to provide water and sewerage to 70% of the urban population and 50% f the rural populat ... | 1991 | 1802889 |
| [the protective effects of paeonol on cultured neonatal rat heart cells during calcium paradox]. | it has been found that the rapid (5min) and slow (120min) phases of 15ca uptake by normal myocardial cells and their beating rate are remarkably inhibited by paeonol. and that paeonol can also decrease 45ca uptake and lipid peroxide in calcium paradoxical heart cells, which appears in dose-dependence. this indicates that the mechanism of protection of paconol against calcium paradox is associated with its inhibition of ca2+ influx and antioxidation. | 1991 | 1804206 |
| an aberrant hemolysin of vibrio cholerae non-o1. | an aberrant hemolysin produced by a vibrio cholerae non-o1 strain n037 (n037-hly) was purified and characterized. n037-hly was antigenically very similar to el tor hemolysin but differed in molecular weight (48,000 vs. 60,000), interaction with glucose, and hemolytic activity. of 100 v. cholerae non-o1 strains other than the n037 strain examined, none produced this aberrant hemolysin. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of n037-hly was highly homologous to that of el tor hemolysin. | 1991 | 1808468 |
| identification and use of protective monoclonal iga antibodies against viral and bacterial pathogens. | | 1991 | 1808995 |
| serum and breast milk antibodies to food antigens in african mothers and relation to their diet. | results of a series of historical and recent studies of human milk and its protective antibodies against several bacterial and viral diseases and infantile diarrhea are presented. first, 1476 infants from lahore, pakistan from 3 socioeconomic groups, were observed and 300 mothers were given instruction on exclusive breast feeding. the prevalence of diarrhea indicated 60-80% protection to consistency of breast feeding, especially in summer when mothers replace breast milk with other liquids. h ... | 1991 | 1808999 |
| [the anatomical and functional origin of the first bipedalism]. | this communication is the synthesis of ten years of researchers of comparative anatomy done by the author or under his control on fossil hominids, three million years old, found by his expeditions in eastern ethiopia. it brings, for the first time, the odd picture of a skeleton adapted to arboricolism and bipedalism together. the rachis has already the curves of an erect being but with at least a thoraco-lumbar cyphosis a bit more elongated than in our own rachis; the pelvis is wide and shallow ... | 1991 | 1809491 |
| [the lipids of phosphorescent vibrio albensis bacteria]. | the lipid composition of fluorescent vibrios, v. eltor and nonagglutinating vibrios has been studied. in the fraction of polar lipids phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and cardiolipin and in the fraction of neutral lipids monoglycerides, free fatty acids, diglycerides, triglycerides, sterol esters have been identified. the fatty acid composition of some classes of neutral lipids have been determined. both similarity and differences between the strains under study in their lipid and ... | 1991 | 1811379 |
| [dynamic changes in the biological properties of vibrio cholerae during long-term preservation in water and ice]. | | 1991 | 1811381 |
| [the origin of el tor cholera]. | | 1991 | 1811396 |
| comparison of glucose/electrolyte and maltodextrin/glycine/glycyl-glycine/electrolyte oral rehydration solutions in cholera and watery diarrhoea in adults. | one hundred and eight male adults (mean age 33 +/- 1.7 years) presenting with watery diarrhoea of less than 48 hours duration at home prior to hospitalization and with clinically evident (grade ii, severe) dehydration were admitted into a randomized double-blind clinical trial; 54 were treated with standard oral rehydration solution (ors)--who formulation containing citrate--and 54 with an improved ors formulation which contained, in addition to the standard formula, maltodextrin 20 g (instead o ... | 1991 | 1811441 |
| [identification of species of microorganisms of the genus vibrio]. | during 1988, a study was made on 61 microorganisms, genus vibrio, which were received at the national reference laboratory for acute diarrheic diseases. pedro kouri institute of tropical medicine. of them, 46 were from children with acute diarrheic disease and 15 were isolated from the environment. by means of biochemical tests. 61 vibrio cholerae no. 01. 9 vibrio parahaemolyticus and 1 vibrio alginolyticus were identified. emphasis is placed upon the importance of keeping a systematic surveilla ... | 1991 | 1812527 |
| [a study on diarrhoea disease caused by vibrionaceae along coast the east of zhejiang province]. | a study of the etiology of 1028 cases of acute diarrhoea due to vibrionaceae was carried out between august 1988 to july 1990 along the coast of east zhejiang province. from 417 clinical cases (40.56%) were found. 590 strains (57.39%) of pathogenic vibrios among them, the detection rates of vibrio, aeromonas and plesionmonas were 48.14%, 44.74%, 7.12% respectively. there were 8 species of vibrio detected: v. parahemolyticus (63.73%), v. fluvialis (11.97%), v. alginolyticus (10.215), non-01 vibri ... | 1991 | 1816992 |
| global climate change and infectious diseases. | the effects of global climate change on infectious diseases are hypothetical until more is known about the degree of change in temperature and humidity that will occur. diseases most likely to increase in their distribution and severity have three-factor (agent, vector, and human being) and four-factor (plus vertebrate reservoir host) ecology. aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus mosquitoes may move northward and have more rapid metamorphosis with global warming. these mosquitoes transmit dengue v ... | 1991 | 1820262 |
| [sepsis due to vibrio cholerae no 01]. | two fatal sepsis cases in two male patients (58 and 14 years old) due to vibrio cholerae non 01 are described. their original diseases were hepatic cirrhosis and acute lymphoblastic leukemia in its third complete remission. in this last case, gastroenteritis due to v. cholerae non 01 was also diagnosed. these sepsis presented a rapid evolution and positive hemoculture after 24 and 48 hours of incubation. both strains isolated presented similar biochemical characteristics and did not agglutinate ... | 1991 | 1820501 |
| [anti-inflammatory activities and effect of rhizoma alismatis on immune system]. | 10 and 20 g/kg ig of rhizoma alismatis (ra) markedly decrease the clearance rate of charcoal particles in mice, but have no significant effect on the weight of immune organs, or on the content of serum antibody hemolysin and immunoglobulin g and the delayed footpad edema induced by sheep red blood cell. the contact dermatitis of mouse pinnae immunized with dinitrochlorobenzene is inhibited by ra when it is given before challenge. in addition, ra 20g/kg suppresses the swelling of mouse rinnae ind ... | 1991 | 1820797 |
| [anti-inflammatory activities and effect of rhizoma alismatis on immune system]. | 10 and 20 g/kg ig of rhizoma alismatis (ra) markedly decrease the clearance rate of charcoal particles in mice, but have no significant effect on the weight of immune organs, or on the content of serum antibody hemolysin and immunoglobulin g and the delayed footpad edema induced by sheep red blood cell. the contact dermatitis of mouse pinnae immunized with dinitrochlorobenzene is inhibited by ra when it is given before challenge. in addition, ra 20g/kg suppresses the swelling of mouse rinnae ind ... | 1991 | 1820797 |
| gtp-binding proteins transduce signals generated via human fc gamma receptor iiia (cd16). | this study demonstrates that gtp-binding proteins regulate fc gamma riii-mediated signal transduction and inositol phosphate (ipn) generation in human nk cells. in addition the cross-linking of cd16 by mab, guanosine 5'-o-3-thiophosphate induced 1,4,5 inositol trisphosphate (ip3) release in permeabilized nk cells and their membranes. by contrast, guanosine 5'-o-2-thiophosphate, almost completely inhibited ip3 generation induced by cross-linking with anti-cd16 mab. pretreatment of nk cells with 1 ... | 1991 | 1827488 |
| inhibitory effect of inhaled procaterol on anaphylactic bronchoconstriction and thromboxane a2 production in guinea-pigs. | this study was designed to examine whether an inhaled beta 2-agonist, procaterol, inhibits thromboxane a2 (txa2) production induced by antigen challenge in passively sensitized guinea-pigs in vivo. antigen-induced bronchoconstriction was markedly inhibited by pre-treatment with procaterol. inhaled procaterol significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner the increment in txb2 concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained 5 min after antigen challenge. aerosol administration of procate ... | 1991 | 1828386 |
| inhibitory effect of inhaled procaterol on anaphylactic bronchoconstriction and thromboxane a2 production in guinea-pigs. | this study was designed to examine whether an inhaled beta 2-agonist, procaterol, inhibits thromboxane a2 (txa2) production induced by antigen challenge in passively sensitized guinea-pigs in vivo. antigen-induced bronchoconstriction was markedly inhibited by pre-treatment with procaterol. inhaled procaterol significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner the increment in txb2 concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained 5 min after antigen challenge. aerosol administration of procate ... | 1991 | 1828386 |
| tissue distribution of restricted leukocyte common antigens. a comprehensive study with protein- and carbohydrate-specific cd45r antibodies. | a panel of monoclonal antibodies, specific for either protein or carbohydrate components of the leukocyte common antigen (lca), were used to characterize the expression pattern of different variants of this antigen complex. immunohistochemical and flow cytometric analysis was carried out on human lymphoid tissues from different anatomical compartments. we found that variations in terminal sialic acid or o-linked sugar moieties were associated with drastic differences in reactivity with some of t ... | 1991 | 1828514 |
| tissue distribution of restricted leukocyte common antigens. a comprehensive study with protein- and carbohydrate-specific cd45r antibodies. | a panel of monoclonal antibodies, specific for either protein or carbohydrate components of the leukocyte common antigen (lca), were used to characterize the expression pattern of different variants of this antigen complex. immunohistochemical and flow cytometric analysis was carried out on human lymphoid tissues from different anatomical compartments. we found that variations in terminal sialic acid or o-linked sugar moieties were associated with drastic differences in reactivity with some of t ... | 1991 | 1828514 |
| [spontaneous rupture of subclavian artery disclosing ehlers-danlos disease. a case]. | the authors report the case of a 30-year old man who suffered spontaneous rupture of the right subclavian artery. treatment consisted of carotid-axillary graft since the fragility of the vessel precluded direct suture. the clinical symptoms, together with histological and ultrastructural examinations led to a diagnosis of ehlers-danlos syndrome with purely arterial manifestations. | 1991 | 1828582 |
| surveys of human enterotoxigenic escherichia coli from three different geographical areas for possible colonization factors. | enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) from burma, central africa (rwanda and zaire) and peru, were screened by enzyme-linked immunoassays for the colonization factor antigens (cfas) and putative colonization factors (pcfs): cfa/i, cfa/ii, which consists of three coli surface-associated (cs) antigens, cs1, cs2 and cs3, cfa/iii, cfa/iv (cs4, cs5, cs6), cs7, pcfo9, pcfo159. h4, pcfo166, and cs17. the highest proportion of etec with identifiable colonization factors (71%) were found in the strains ... | 1991 | 1828771 |
| retinal neurite growth on astrocytes is not modified by extracellular matrix, anti-l1 antibody, or oligodendrocytes. | two factors that may influence the course of axonal regeneration in the central nervous system (cns) are extracellular matrix (ecm) and cell surface molecules that may enhance or inhibit neurite outgrowth. whereas cultured astrocytes have been reported to be a good substratum for neurite outgrowth, there is recent evidence that cultured oligodendrocytes are inhibitory. to test the influences of 1) ecm components, 2) the l1 adhesion molecule, and 3) the inhibitory potential of mature oligodendroc ... | 1991 | 1828788 |
| retinal neurite growth on astrocytes is not modified by extracellular matrix, anti-l1 antibody, or oligodendrocytes. | two factors that may influence the course of axonal regeneration in the central nervous system (cns) are extracellular matrix (ecm) and cell surface molecules that may enhance or inhibit neurite outgrowth. whereas cultured astrocytes have been reported to be a good substratum for neurite outgrowth, there is recent evidence that cultured oligodendrocytes are inhibitory. to test the influences of 1) ecm components, 2) the l1 adhesion molecule, and 3) the inhibitory potential of mature oligodendroc ... | 1991 | 1828788 |
| structure of the rabbit phospholamban gene, cloning of the human cdna, and assignment of the gene to human chromosome 6. | we have isolated and characterized genomic dna clones encoding rabbit phospholamban. only a single gene for phospholamban was detected in the rabbit genome. the phospholamban gene of 13.2 kilobases contains only one 10.5-kilobase intron, which separates exonic sequences located in the 5'-untranslated region. two potential transcription initiation sites were mapped to 335 and 185 nucleotides upstream from the translation initiation site in the mrna or 239 and 89 nucleotides upstream from the exon ... | 1991 | 1828805 |
| similarity of the three-dimensional structures of actin and the atpase fragment of a 70-kda heat shock cognate protein. | although there is very little sequence identity between the two proteins, the structures of rabbit skeletal muscle actin (375-amino acid residues) and the 44-kda atpase fragment of the bovine 70-kda heat shock cognate protein (hsc70; 386 residues) are very similar. the alpha-carbon positions of 241 pairs of amino acid residues that are structurally equivalent within the two proteins can be superimposed with a root-mean-square difference in distance of 2.3 a; of these, 39 residues are identical, ... | 1991 | 1828889 |
| exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type i indicated by hiv-specific t helper cell responses before detection of infection by polymerase chain reaction and serum antibodies [corrected]. | a healthy individual at risk for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection was studied longitudinally for 19 months for evidence of exposure to and infection with hiv. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were tested at 1, 5, 13, 16, and 19 months for t helper (th) cell function by in vitro-generated proliferation and interleukin-2 production in response to four synthetic peptides corresponding to env of hiv. pbmc were also tested for proviral dna using gag primers by the polyme ... | 1991 | 1829105 |
| exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type i indicated by hiv-specific t helper cell responses before detection of infection by polymerase chain reaction and serum antibodies [corrected]. | a healthy individual at risk for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (hiv-1) infection was studied longitudinally for 19 months for evidence of exposure to and infection with hiv. peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were tested at 1, 5, 13, 16, and 19 months for t helper (th) cell function by in vitro-generated proliferation and interleukin-2 production in response to four synthetic peptides corresponding to env of hiv. pbmc were also tested for proviral dna using gag primers by the polyme ... | 1991 | 1829105 |
| [lung worm on a farm with summer stable feed]. | | 1991 | 1829278 |
| peritoneal macrophage response: an in vivo model for the study of synthetic materials. | this study was designed to validate an in vivo model in rat to study cell-implant interactions. pieces of dacron and goretex and polydimethylsiloxane (reference material) precoated or not were implanted in the peritoneal cavity. in some cases the peritoneal cells were stimulated before the implantation. macrophage phagocytosis and fibrinocoagulolytic activities were investigated in parallel with morphological studies 6 h after implantation. a graded cell response related to the different situati ... | 1991 | 1831674 |
| peritoneal macrophage response: an in vivo model for the study of synthetic materials. | this study was designed to validate an in vivo model in rat to study cell-implant interactions. pieces of dacron and goretex and polydimethylsiloxane (reference material) precoated or not were implanted in the peritoneal cavity. in some cases the peritoneal cells were stimulated before the implantation. macrophage phagocytosis and fibrinocoagulolytic activities were investigated in parallel with morphological studies 6 h after implantation. a graded cell response related to the different situati ... | 1991 | 1831674 |
| [the characteristics of a cholera outbreak in pushkino district, the azerbaijan ssr]. | the outbreak of cholera in the pushkino district of the azerbaijan ssr, caused by the penetration of vibrio cholerae into the water of the irrigation system, is described. altogether 2 cholera patients and 39 vibrio carriers were detected. the etiological agent of this infection was v. cholerae eltor, serovar ogawa, with typical phenotype characteristics. from all patients and 37 carriers virulent strains and from 2 carriers faintly virulent strains were isolated. in this outbreak family foci we ... | 1991 | 1831949 |
| phosphate-dependent anti-vibrio parahaemolyticus activity in neritid gastropod molluscs. | | 1991 | 1836388 |
| [nicotinamide has no effect on the ethanol-induced decrease in testosterone biosynthesis]. | administration of ethanol to wistar rats in a dose of 3.5 g per 1 kg of the weight is accompanied by a decrease of testosterone concentration in the blood plasma. nicotinamide, a nad predecessor, exerts no effect on this index being applied in a dose of 200 mg/kg and does not modify the action of ethanol being administered in combination with the latter nad concentration in the testicles as well as the rate of its utilization in the course of poly-adp-ribose synthetase reaction remains unchanged ... | 1991 | 1838653 |
| [cholera phages from open reservoirs of the lake issyk-kul basin and their taxonomy]. | in the water of open water bodies in the basin of lake issyk-kul the presence of vibrio cholerae belonging to group o1 and other groups and v. cholerae phages of known serotypes, as well as phages of a new type having no serological and morphological analogs in the current classification of v. cholerae phages, has been established. on the basis of analysis of inaccuracies appearing in the determination of the specificity of v. cholerae phages their systematization within the adequate unified cla ... | 1991 | 1838654 |
| [cholera for the gastroenterologist]. | | 1991 | 1843957 |
| [short summary on prevalence, control, and treatment of cholera for primary health care teams]. | | 1991 | 1844167 |
| [gene amplification to identify v. cholerae]. | | 1991 | 1844762 |
| [epidemic of cholera in chile; 1991]. | in january 1991 a severe epidemic of cholera started in peru, a country located north of chile. the first case in chile was confirmed in april and so far 41 cases and 2 deaths have been reported. the epidemic is caused by vibrio cholerae 01, el tor biotype, inaba serotype. most cases occurred in santiago, 2/3 of them in men and all above 15 years of age. an unknown number of asymptomatic infected people arriving in santiago are the likely agents for the epidemic. contamination of sewage and use ... | 1991 | 1844781 |
| a series of wide-host-range low-copy-number vectors that allow direct screening for recombinants. | a series of controlled expression vectors was constructed based on the wide-host-range plasmid pmmb66eh. some of these new vectors code for the alpha-peptide of beta-galactosidase and allow the direct screening of recombinant clones by inactivation of alpha-complementation. the bla gene was replaced in some plasmids by the cat gene of tn9 coding for chloramphenicol resistance, extending the use into beta-lactam-resistant strains. they all feature either the tac or taclac (tac-lac uv5 in tandem) ... | 1991 | 1847347 |
| growth arrest induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 is accompanied by protein phosphatase activation in human keratinocytes. | protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation are involved in regulation of cell growth. we tested the hypothesis that the growth inhibitory effect of transforming growth factor beta 1 (tgf-beta 1) involves activation of protein phosphatases. exposure of human keratinocytes in culture to 400 pm tgf-beta 1 for 48 h led to 80% inhibition of dna synthesis as measured by nuclear labeling. incubation of cultured keratinocytes with 400 pm tgf-beta 1 rapidly activated (within 30 min) protein serine/thr ... | 1991 | 1847373 |
| absence of na+,k(+)-atpase regulation of endosomal acidification in k562 erythroleukemia cells. analysis via inhibition of transferrin recycling by low temperatures. | transferrin (tf) acidification has been shown to be limited to ph 6 in murine balb/c 3t3 fibroblasts, human a549 epidermoid carcinoma cells, and chinese hamster ovary cells and is followed by alkalinization during recycling. in contrast, tf acidification in the human erythroleukemic cell line k562 proceeds to below ph 5.5, and alkalinization of internal tf during recycling is not observed. to explore the regulation of endosomal ph in k562 cells, we determined whether the existence of an early en ... | 1991 | 1847374 |
| cyclic amp-elevating agents block chemoattractant activation of diradylglycerol generation by inhibiting phospholipase d activation. | agents which elevate cellular camp (prostaglandin e2, theophylline, and forskolin) or mimic camp action (dibutyryl camp) are known to inhibit human neutrophil activation (superoxide generation and secretion) by receptor-linked agonists such as formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlp). herein, we show that these agents also markedly inhibit fmlp-stimulated diradylglycerol generation (assayed by mass methods). the magnitude of inhibition correlated with the ability of a given agent or combinat ... | 1991 | 1847376 |
| atp-dependent partitioning of the dna template into supercoiled domains by escherichia coli uvrab. | the helicase action of the escherichia coli uvrab complex on a covalently closed circular dna template was monitored using bacterial dna topoisomerase i, which specifically removes negative supercoils. in the presence of e. coli dna topoisomerase i and atp, the uvrab complex gradually introduced positive supercoils into the input relaxed plasmid dna template. positive supercoils were not produced when e. coli dna topoisomerase i was replaced by eukaryotic dna topoisomerase i or when both e. coli ... | 1991 | 1847511 |
| vaccines and milk immunoglobulin concentrates for prevention of infectious diarrhea. | considerable progress has been made in the last decade in developing vaccines against the most important enteric infections. two new, widely licensed vaccines (oral ty21a and parenteral vi) are available against typhoid fever, and new attenuated salmonella typhi strains are ready for testing. an engineered live orally administered cholera vaccine, cvd 103-hgr, is undergoing clinical trials for safety, immunogenicity, and transmissibility in children in areas where cholera is endemic. multiple ca ... | 1991 | 1848888 |
| evidence that the asparagine 322 mutant of the lactose permease transports protons and lactose with a normal stoichiometry and accumulates lactose against a concentration gradient. | the single asparagine 322 mutant of the lactose permease was made by constructing a hybrid plasmid which contained the amino-terminal coding sequence from the wild-type permease gene and the carboxyl-terminal coding sequence from a previously characterized double mutant permease which contained an asparagine residue at position 322. since histidine at position 322 has been postulated to be critically involved with h+ transport and the active accumulation of sugars, the ability of the asn-322 mut ... | 1991 | 1849889 |
| differential effects of secretin-fragments imply a dual mechanism of action for secretin. | the effects of synthetic peptides, representing different parts of the secretin molecule in isolated mouse pancreatic islets have been investigated in perifusion studies. in the presence of 10 mm d-glucose the c-terminal nonapeptide leu-gln-arg-leu-leu-gln-gly-leu-val-nh2 (s19-27) showed a 2-fold higher activity than that earlier shown for s22-27 and had the same effect on the dynamic pattern of insulin release as secretin, while the elongating sequence leu-gln-arg (s19-21) had no effect on the ... | 1991 | 1850389 |
| differential effects of secretin-fragments imply a dual mechanism of action for secretin. | the effects of synthetic peptides, representing different parts of the secretin molecule in isolated mouse pancreatic islets have been investigated in perifusion studies. in the presence of 10 mm d-glucose the c-terminal nonapeptide leu-gln-arg-leu-leu-gln-gly-leu-val-nh2 (s19-27) showed a 2-fold higher activity than that earlier shown for s22-27 and had the same effect on the dynamic pattern of insulin release as secretin, while the elongating sequence leu-gln-arg (s19-21) had no effect on the ... | 1991 | 1850389 |
| development of circadian sleep-wake rhythms in preterm and full-term infants. | we have compared the roles of neurologic maturity and environmental time cues in the development of the entrained circadian sleep-wake rhythm in the preterm and term human infant. the preterm infants (n = 19) spent some time after birth in a hospital nursery with no environmental time cues, whereas the term infants (n = 22) were exposed from birth to a cyclical light and dark environment with one major caregiver. the circadian sleep-wake rhythm in the preterm infants entrained after a similar ti ... | 1991 | 1852533 |
| detection of luciferase gene sequence in nonluminescent vibrio cholerae by colony hybridization and polymerase chain reaction. | bioluminescence is a trait observed among approximately 10% of vibrio cholerae isolates. we have demonstrated that not only do some strains of v. cholerae produce low levels of light, undetectable by the human eye, but the luciferase gene sequence is present in strains of v. cholerae which emit no detectable light, evidenced by hybridization with a luciferase dna probe. comparisons of the amino acid sequences of luciferase enzymes of marine species have shown that these proteins have diverged to ... | 1991 | 1854193 |
| interactions between early nutrition and the immune system. | the ontogenetic development of the immune system is a well-defined, almost stereotyped event. the anlagen of the human thymus can be distinguished in the third and fourth branchial arches in the sixth week of gestation. several distinct responses have been observed in the first trimester of fetal development. in addition to genetic factors, environmental influences such as nutrition play an important role in influencing the developing human immune system. adverse factors that impair fetal growth ... | 1991 | 1855417 |
| photoaffinity labeling of rat type i iodothyronine deiodinase. | the photoreactive compound p-nitrophenyl-2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate (pal) was coupled to [125i]rt3, t4, or t3 and incubated with liver and kidney microsomes of hypo-, hyper-, or euthyroid rats to identify the type i iodothyronine deiodinase. various substrates or inhibitors of the enzyme, including rt3, t4, t3, 6-n-propylthiouracil (ptu), and iopanoic acid, were used as competitors to establish the specificity of protein labeling. the pal derivatization enhanced the behavior of t4 and t3 ... | 1991 | 1855452 |
| high blood pressure during pregnancy and working conditions among hospital personnel. | the relationship between working conditions and high blood pressure during pregnancy was analysed in a sample of 621 women hospital employees in the paris region over the period 1979-1981. data were collected by interviews during the routine medical visit at the end of postnatal leave. women who had to work standing up for extended periods of time, who had to carry heavy loads or who had to perform heavy cleaning tasks had high blood pressure during their pregnancy more often than women not expo ... | 1991 | 1855606 |
| detection of heat-stable enterotoxin in a cholera toxin gene-positive strain of vibrio cholerae o1. | dna colony hybridization with a polynucleotide clonal dna probe for heat-stable enterotoxin of vibrio cholerae non-o1 (nag-st) was used to screen 197 isolates of v. cholerae o1. under stringent hybridizing and washing conditions, one strain (gp156) reacted with the probe. the concentrated supernatant from v. cholerae o1 gp156, heated at 100 degrees c for 5 min, elicited fluid accumulation in the suckling mice and that could be completely neutralized by an anti-nag-st monoclonal antibody (mab2f). ... | 1991 | 1855646 |
| interaction of butorphanol, with monoamine oxidase inhibitor, tranylcypromine. | this investigation examines the possibility of interaction between tranylcypromine and butorphanol in comparison to pethidine. the ld50 of pethidine and butorphanol were determined in mice pretreated with the non-selective monoamine oxidase (mao) inhibitor, tranylcypromine orally for 8 days or with oral saline solution. tranylcypromine decreased the ld50 of both pethidine and butorphanol by 78% and 41%, respectively. anesthetized rabbits with halothane pretreated with tranylcypromine or saline w ... | 1991 | 1855717 |
| interaction of butorphanol, with monoamine oxidase inhibitor, tranylcypromine. | this investigation examines the possibility of interaction between tranylcypromine and butorphanol in comparison to pethidine. the ld50 of pethidine and butorphanol were determined in mice pretreated with the non-selective monoamine oxidase (mao) inhibitor, tranylcypromine orally for 8 days or with oral saline solution. tranylcypromine decreased the ld50 of both pethidine and butorphanol by 78% and 41%, respectively. anesthetized rabbits with halothane pretreated with tranylcypromine or saline w ... | 1991 | 1855717 |
| is exocrine pancreatic cancer a hormone-dependent tumor? a study of the existence of sex hormone receptors in normal and neoplastic pancreas. | the 5-year survival rate of patients with exocrine pancreatic cancer after surgery is less than 5%, in patients treated with radical surgery, with or without adjuvant therapy. it has been well documented clinically and experimentally that sex hormones influence the physiology of the exocrine pancreas. hormone manipulation inhibits the growth of human pancreatic cancer in nude mice. several nonrandomized studies have suggested the efficacy of antihormone therapy in the treatment of advanced pancr ... | 1991 | 1855775 |
| is exocrine pancreatic cancer a hormone-dependent tumor? a study of the existence of sex hormone receptors in normal and neoplastic pancreas. | the 5-year survival rate of patients with exocrine pancreatic cancer after surgery is less than 5%, in patients treated with radical surgery, with or without adjuvant therapy. it has been well documented clinically and experimentally that sex hormones influence the physiology of the exocrine pancreas. hormone manipulation inhibits the growth of human pancreatic cancer in nude mice. several nonrandomized studies have suggested the efficacy of antihormone therapy in the treatment of advanced pancr ... | 1991 | 1855775 |
| [microbial spectrum and microbiological diagnosis of infectious endocarditis]. | still streptococci play the most important role as causatives of infective endocarditis. as change in composition of patient groups has taken place gradually pathogens like staphylococcus epidermidis, enterococci, gram-negative rods and candida species become more and more important now. providing high-level accuracy if applied according to current rules blood culture is yet the basis for endocarditis caused by popular bacterial pathogens. if infection due to candida species is suspected additio ... | 1991 | 1855807 |