| amym, a novel maltohexaose-forming α-amylase from corallococcus sp. strain egb. | a novel α-amylase, amym, was purified from the culture supernatant of corallococcus sp. strain egb. amym is a maltohexaose-forming exoamylase with an apparent molecular mass of 43 kda. based on the results of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and peptide mass fingerprinting of amym and by comparison to the genome sequence of corallococcus coralloides dsm 2259, the amym gene was identified and cloned into escherichia coli. amym encodes a secretory amylas ... | 2015 | 25576603 |
| pyrosequencing-based analysis of the microbiome associated with the horn fly, haematobia irritans. | the horn fly, haematobia irritans, is one of the most economically important pests of cattle. insecticides have been a major element of horn fly management programs. growing concerns with insecticide resistance, insecticide residues on farm products, and non-availability of new generation insecticides, are serious issues for the livestock industry. alternative horn fly control methods offer the promise to decrease the use of insecticides and reduce the amount of insecticide residues on livestock ... | 2012 | 23028533 |
| regulation of the histidine utilization (hut) system in bacteria. | the ability to degrade the amino acid histidine to ammonia, glutamate, and a one-carbon compound (formate or formamide) is a property that is widely distributed among bacteria. the four or five enzymatic steps of the pathway are highly conserved, and the chemistry of the reactions displays several unusual features, including the rearrangement of a portion of the histidase polypeptide chain to yield an unusual imidazole structure at the active site and the use of a tightly bound nad molecule as a ... | 2012 | 22933560 |
| platelets recognize brain-specific glycolipid structures, respond to neurovascular damage and promote neuroinflammation. | platelets respond to vascular damage and contribute to inflammation, but their role in the neurodegenerative diseases is unknown. we found that the systemic administration of brain lipid rafts induced a massive platelet activation and degranulation resulting in a life-threatening anaphylactic-like response in mice. platelets were engaged by the sialated glycosphingolipids (gangliosides) integrated in the rigid structures of astroglial and neuronal lipid rafts. the brain-abundant gangliosides gt1 ... | 2013 | 23555611 |
| microbial alkyl- and aryl-sulfatases: mechanism, occurrence, screening and stereoselectivities. | this review gives an overview on the occurrence of sulfatases in prokaryota, eukaryota and archaea. the mechanism of enzymes acting with retention or inversion of configuration during sulfate ester hydrolysis is discussed taking two complementary examples. methods for the discovery of novel alkyl sulfatases are described by way of sequence-based search and enzyme induction. a comprehensive list of organisms with their respective substrate scope regarding prim- and sec-alkyl sulfate esters allows ... | 2013 | 24352732 |
| microbial alkyl- and aryl-sulfatases: mechanism, occurrence, screening and stereoselectivities. | this review gives an overview on the occurrence of sulfatases in prokaryota, eukaryota and archaea. the mechanism of enzymes acting with retention or inversion of configuration during sulfate ester hydrolysis is discussed taking two complementary examples. methods for the discovery of novel alkyl sulfatases are described by way of sequence-based search and enzyme induction. a comprehensive list of organisms with their respective substrate scope regarding prim- and sec-alkyl sulfate esters allows ... | 2013 | 24352732 |
| transcriptional regulation, metal binding properties and structure of pden1597, an unusual zinc transport protein from paracoccus denitrificans. | atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters of the cluster 9 family are ubiquitous among bacteria and essential for acquiring zn(2+) and mn(2+) from the environment or, in the case of pathogens, from the host. these rely on a substrate-binding protein (sbp) to coordinate the relevant metal with high affinity and specificity and subsequently release it to a membrane permease for translocation into the cytoplasm. although a number of cluster 9 sbp structures have been determined, the structural attrib ... | 2015 | 25787075 |
| pullulanase: role in starch hydrolysis and potential industrial applications. | the use of pullulanase (ec 3.2.1.41) has recently been the subject of increased applications in starch-based industries especially those aimed for glucose production. pullulanase, an important debranching enzyme, has been widely utilised to hydrolyse the α-1,6 glucosidic linkages in starch, amylopectin, pullulan, and related oligosaccharides, which enables a complete and efficient conversion of the branched polysaccharides into small fermentable sugars during saccharification process. the indust ... | 2012 | 22991654 |
| the rare sugar d-allose acts as a triggering molecule of rice defence via ros generation. | only d-allose, among various rare monosaccharides tested, induced resistance to xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in susceptible rice leaves with defence responses: reactive oxygen species, lesion mimic formation, and pr-protein gene expression. these responses were suppressed by ascorbic acid or diphenylene iodonium. transgenic rice plants overexpressing osrbohc, encoding nadph oxidase, were enhanced in sensitivity to d-allose. d-allose-mediated defence responses were suppressed by the presence of ... | 2013 | 24014866 |
| how fast-growing bacteria robustly tune their ribosome concentration to approximate growth-rate maximization. | maximization of growth rate is an important fitness strategy for bacteria. bacteria can achieve this by expressing proteins at optimal concentrations, such that resources are not wasted. this is exemplified for escherichia coli by the increase of its ribosomal protein-fraction with growth rate, which precisely matches the increased protein synthesis demand. these findings and others have led to the hypothesis that e. coli aims to maximize its growth rate in environments that support growth. howe ... | 2015 | 25754869 |
| incidence and susceptibility of aerobic gram-negative bacilli from 20 canadian intensive care units: 1989-1993. | to assess the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in canadian intensive care units. | 1996 | 22514414 |
| purification and cdna cloning of isochorismate synthase from elicited cell cultures of catharanthus roseus. | isochorismate is an important metabolite formed at the end of the shikimate pathway, which is involved in the synthesis of both primary and secondary metabolites. it is synthesized from chorismate in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme isochorismate synthase (ics; ec 5.4.99.6). we have purified ics to homogeneity from elicited catharanthus roseus cell cultures. two isoforms with an apparent molecular mass of 64 kd were purified and characterized. the km values for chorismate were 558 and 319 micr ... | 1999 | 9952467 |
| comparison of the pattern of nosocomial infection between the neonatal intensive care units of hospitals kuala terengganu and universiti sains malaysia, kelantan. | nosocomial infection is a common problem in the neonatal intensive care unit (nicu) and a knowledge of the pattern of nosocomial infection will contribute greatly to the intensification of infection control measures and the development of antibiotic policies in the nicu. this study aims to compare the incidence and clinical characteristics of neonates with nosocomial infection in nicu of both kuala terengganu hospital (hkt) and universiti sains malaysia hospital (husm). neonates who had both cli ... | 2000 | 22844213 |
| variable carbon catabolism among salmonella enterica serovar typhi isolates. | salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi) is strictly a human intracellular pathogen. it causes acute systemic (typhoid fever) and chronic infections that result in long-term asymptomatic human carriage. s. typhi displays diverse disease manifestations in human infection and exhibits high clonality. the principal factors underlying the unique lifestyle of s. typhi in its human host during acute and chronic infections remain largely unknown and are therefore the main objective of this study. | 2012 | 22662115 |
| antimicrobial efficacy and phytochemical analysis of indigofera trita linn. | an in vitro antimicrobial activity and phytochemical analysis of various extracts of indigofera trita l. viz. petroleum ether, chloroform, acetone, ethanol and aqueous extracts were carried out. a total of 21 microorganisms (19 bacteria and 2 fungal strains) were used for antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion method and a standard procedure was used to identify the phytochemical constituents. petroleum ether extract showed moderate inhibitory activity against staphylococcus aureus (14.40 mm), ... | 2013 | 24146483 |
| transmission of enterobacter aerogenes septicemia in healthcare workers. | enterobacter aerogenes is recognized as an important bacterial pathogen in hospital-acquired infections. this report describes two unusual cases of septicemia caused by e. aerogenes in immunocompetent healthcare workers. e. aerogenes was isolated from blood cultures of the two patients experiencing septicemia. the clinical isolates were initially identified as e. aerogenes using a vitek ii automated system and 16s rrna sequence analysis, and; both isolates involved in the outbreak shared a commo ... | 2016 | 27610316 |
| volatiles produced by soil-borne endophytic bacteria increase plant pathogen resistance and affect tritrophic interactions. | volatile organic compounds (vocs) released by soil microorganisms influence plant growth and pathogen resistance. yet, very little is known about their influence on herbivores and higher trophic levels. we studied the origin and role of a major bacterial voc, 2,3-butanediol (2,3-bd), on plant growth, pathogen and herbivore resistance, and the attraction of natural enemies in maize. one of the major contributors to 2,3-bd in the headspace of soil-grown maize seedlings was identified as enterobact ... | 2013 | 24127750 |
| production of humic substances through coal-solubilizing bacteria. | in this paper, the production of humic substances (hs) through the bacterial solubilization of low rank coal (lrc) was evaluated. the evaluation was carried out by 19 bacterial strains isolated in microenvironments with high contents of coal wastes. the biotransformed lrc and the hs produced were quantified in vitro in a liquid growth medium. the humic acids (ha) obtained from the most active bacterial strain were characterized via elemental composition (c, h, n, o), ir analyses, and the e4/e6 r ... | 2014 | 25477925 |
| development of molecular approach based on pcr assay for detection of histamine producing bacteria. | histamine fish poisoning becomes highly concern not only in public health but also economic aspect. histamine is produced from histidine in fish muscles by bacterial decarboxylase enzyme. several techniques have been developed to determine the level of histamine in fish and their products but the effective method for detecting histamine producing bacteria is still required. this study was attempted to detect histamine producing bacteria by newly developed pcr condition. histamine producing bacte ... | 2015 | 26787983 |
| impaired blood neutrophil function in the frequent exacerbator of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a proof-of-concept study. | the underlying biological mechanisms of the frequent exacerbator phenotype of copd remain unclear. we compared systemic neutrophil function in copd patients with or without frequent exacerbations. | 2016 | 27530251 |
| imine reductases: a comparison of glutamate dehydrogenase to ketimine reductases in the brain. | a key intermediate in the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh)-catalyzed reaction is an imine. mechanistically, therefore, gdh exhibits similarities to the ketimine reductases. in the current review, we briefly discuss (a) the metabolic importance of the gdh reaction in liver and brain, (b) the mechanistic similarities between gdh and the ketimine reductases, (c) the metabolic importance of the brain ketimine reductases, and (d) the neurochemical consequences of defective ketimine reductases. our revie ... | 2013 | 23314864 |
| imine reductases: a comparison of glutamate dehydrogenase to ketimine reductases in the brain. | a key intermediate in the glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh)-catalyzed reaction is an imine. mechanistically, therefore, gdh exhibits similarities to the ketimine reductases. in the current review, we briefly discuss (a) the metabolic importance of the gdh reaction in liver and brain, (b) the mechanistic similarities between gdh and the ketimine reductases, (c) the metabolic importance of the brain ketimine reductases, and (d) the neurochemical consequences of defective ketimine reductases. our revie ... | 2013 | 23314864 |
| deterioration to extinction of wastewater bacteria by non-thermal atmospheric pressure air plasma as assessed by 16s rdna-dgge fingerprinting. | the use of cold plasma jets for inactivation of a variety of microorganisms has recently been evaluated via culture-based methods. accordingly, elucidation of the role of cold plasma in decontamination would be inaccurate because most microbial populations within a system remain unexplored owing to the high amount of yet uncultured bacteria. the impact of cold atmospheric plasma on the bacterial community structure of wastewater from two different industries was investigated by metagenomic-based ... | 2015 | 26500637 |
| occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of enteric rods and pseudomonads isolated from the dental prostheses biofilm. | to determine the occurrence and the in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of enteric rods and pseudomonads from the denture biofilm of 52 subjects at the center for dental specialties of sobral/ ceara, brazil. | 2016 | 27812616 |
| formiminoglutamase from trypanosoma cruzi is an arginase-like manganese metalloenzyme. | the crystal structure of formiminoglutamase from trypanosoma cruzi (tcfigase) is reported at 1.85 å resolution. although the structure of this enzyme was previously determined by the structural genomics of pathogenic protozoa consortium (pdb accession code 2a0m), this structure was determined at low ph and lacked bound metal ions; accordingly, the protein was simply annotated as "arginase superfamily protein" with undetermined function. we show that reconstitution of this protein with mn²⁺ confe ... | 2013 | 24261485 |
| novel glucose-1-phosphatase with high phytase activity and unusual metal ion activation from soil bacterium pantoea sp. strain 3.5.1. | phosphorus is an important macronutrient, but its availability in soil is limited. many soil microorganisms improve the bioavailability of phosphate by releasing it from various organic compounds, including phytate. to investigate the diversity of phytate-hydrolyzing bacteria in soil, we sampled soils of various ecological habitats, including forest, private homesteads, large agricultural complexes, and urban landscapes. bacterial isolate pantoea sp. strain 3.5.1 with the highest level of phytas ... | 2015 | 26209662 |
| acanthamoeba castellanii of the t4 genotype is a potential environmental host for enterobacter aerogenes and aeromonas hydrophila. | acanthamoeba can interact with a wide range of microorganisms such as viruses, algae, yeasts, protists and bacteria including legionella pneumophila, pseudomonas aeruginosa, vibrio cholerae, helicobacter pylori, listeria monocytogenes, mycobacterium spp., and escherichia coli. in this capacity, acanthamoeba has been suggested as a vector in the transmission of bacterial pathogens to the susceptible hosts. | 2013 | 23742105 |
| the legionella pneumophila collagen-like protein mediates sedimentation, autoaggregation, and pathogen-phagocyte interactions. | although only partially understood, multicellular behavior is relatively common in bacterial pathogens. bacterial aggregates can resist various host defenses and colonize their environment more efficiently than planktonic cells. for the waterborne pathogen legionella pneumophila, little is known about the roles of autoaggregation or the parameters which allow cell-cell interactions to occur. here, we determined the endogenous and exogenous factors sufficient to allow autoaggregation to take plac ... | 2014 | 24334670 |
| identification and characterization of a novel incompatibility group x3 plasmid carrying bla ndm-1 in enterobacteriaceae isolates with epidemiological links to multiple geographical areas in china. | the new delhi metallo-β-lactamase (ndm-1) is one of the most important resistance traits in enterobacteriaceae. we characterized nine bla ndm-1 producing enterobacteriaceae recovered from seven patients who have recently travelled or been treated in india (n=1) or mainland china (n=6) during december 2010-may 2012. all the china-linked patients had no links to the indian subcontinent. the bla ndm-1 carrying plasmids belonged to the novel incx3 (∼50 kb, in seven isolates including two escherichia ... | 2012 | 26038408 |
| rapid identification of eskape bacterial strains using an autonomous microfluidic device. | this article describes bacteria id chips ('bacchips'): an inexpensive, portable, and autonomous microfluidic platform for identifying pathogenic strains of bacteria. bacchips consist of a set of microchambers and channels molded in the elastomeric polymer, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (pdms). each microchamber is preloaded with mono-, di-, or trisaccharides and dried. pressing the layer of pdms into contact with a glass coverslip forms the device; the footprint of the device in this article is ∼6 cm(2 ... | 2012 | 22848451 |
| comparative efficacy evaluation of disinfectants routinely used in hospital practice: india. | the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare practically achieved disinfection efficacy of some locally available disinfectants on surfaces and infectious microbiological hospital waste. | 2012 | 23188950 |
| comparative evaluation of a prototype chromogenic medium (chromid carba) for detecting carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae in surveillance rectal swabs. | carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe) are an increasing problem worldwide, and rectal swab surveillance is recommended as a component of infection control programs. the performance of a prototype chromogenic medium (chromid carba) was evaluated and compared with media tested by four other screening methods: (i) overnight selective enrichment in 5 ml tryptic soy broth with a 10-μg ertapenem disk followed by plating onto macconkey agar (cdc-ts), (ii) short selective enrichment in 9 ml b ... | 2012 | 22461675 |
| nanoparticles functionalized with ampicillin destroy multiple-antibiotic-resistant isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa and enterobacter aerogenes and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus. | we show here that silver nanoparticles (agnp) were intrinsically antibacterial, whereas gold nanoparticles (aunp) were antimicrobial only when ampicillin was bound to their surfaces. both aunp and agnp functionalized with ampicillin were effective broad-spectrum bactericides against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. most importantly, when aunp and agnp were functionalized with ampicillin they became potent bactericidal agents with unique properties that subverted antibiotic resistance me ... | 2012 | 22286985 |
| identification and characterization of sulfated carbohydrate-binding protein from lactobacillus reuteri. | we previously purified a putative sulfated-galactosylceramide (sulfatide)-binding protein with a molecular weight of 47 kda from the cell surface of lactobacillus reuteri jcm1081. the aim of this study was to identify the 47-kda protein, examine its binding to sulfated glycolipids and mucins, and evaluate its role in bacterial adhesion to mucosal surfaces. by cloning and sequencing analysis, the 47-kda protein was identified as elongation factor-tu (ef-tu). adhesion properties were examined usin ... | 2013 | 24391811 |
| irreproducible and uninterpretable polymyxin b mics for enterobacter cloacae and enterobacter aerogenes. | carbapenem-resistant enterobacter species are emerging nosocomial pathogens. as with most multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens, the polymyxins are often the only therapeutic option. in this study involving clinical isolates of e. cloacae and e. aerogenes, susceptibility testing methods with polymyxin b were analyzed. all isolates underwent testing by the broth microdilution (in duplicate) and agar dilution (in duplicate) methods, and select isolates were examined by the etest method. sele ... | 2013 | 24088860 |
| in vitro antibacterial efficacy of 21 indian timber-yielding plants against multidrug-resistant bacteria causing urinary tract infection. | to screen methanolic leaf extracts of 21 timber-yielding plants for antibacterial activity against nine species of uropathogenic bacteria isolated from clinical samples of a hospital (enterococcus faecalis, staphylococcus aureus, acinetobacter baumannii, citrobacter freundii, enterobacter aerogenes, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis, and pseudomonas aeruginosa). | 2013 | 24524024 |
| synthesis, optimization, and characterization of silver nanoparticles from acinetobacter calcoaceticus and their enhanced antibacterial activity when combined with antibiotics. | the development of nontoxic methods of synthesizing nanoparticles is a major step in nanotechnology to allow their application in nanomedicine. the present study aims to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (agnps) using a cell-free extract of acinetobacter spp. and evaluate their antibacterial activity. | 2013 | 24235826 |
| in vitro activity of ceftaroline-avibactam against gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens isolated from patients in canadian hospitals from 2010 to 2012: results from the canward surveillance study. | the in vitro activities of ceftaroline-avibactam, ceftaroline, and comparative agents were determined for a collection of bacterial pathogens frequently isolated from patients seeking care at 15 canadian hospitals from january 2010 to december 2012. in total, 9,758 isolates were tested by using the clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) broth microdilution method (document m07-a9, 2012), with mics interpreted by using clsi breakpoints (document m100-s23, 2013). ceftaroline-avibactam ... | 2013 | 23979759 |
| surveillance of multidrug resistant uropathogenic bacteria in hospitalized patients in indian. | to record surveillance, antibiotic resistance of uropathogens of hospitalized patients over a period of 18 months. | 2013 | 23620859 |
| species composition of bacterial communities influences attraction of mosquitoes to experimental plant infusions. | in the container habitats of immature mosquitoes, catabolism of plant matter and other organic detritus by microbial organisms produces metabolites that mediate the oviposition behavior of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. public health agencies commonly use oviposition traps containing plant infusions for monitoring populations of these mosquito species, which are global vectors of dengue viruses. in laboratory experiments, gravid females exhibited significantly diminished responses to experi ... | 2009 | 19641948 |
| species composition of bacterial communities influences attraction of mosquitoes to experimental plant infusions. | in the container habitats of immature mosquitoes, catabolism of plant matter and other organic detritus by microbial organisms produces metabolites that mediate the oviposition behavior of aedes aegypti and aedes albopictus. public health agencies commonly use oviposition traps containing plant infusions for monitoring populations of these mosquito species, which are global vectors of dengue viruses. in laboratory experiments, gravid females exhibited significantly diminished responses to experi ... | 2009 | 19641948 |
| frequency of bacterial agents isolated from patients with chronic sinusitis in northern iran. | sinusitis is a disease with significant health problems. diagnosis of sinusitis is clinical. the golden standard for detection of microorganisms that cause sinusitis is the culture of sinus drainage discharge. | 2015 | 26652093 |
| in vitro antibacterial and antibiotic-potentiation activities of the methanol extracts from beilschmiedia acuta, clausena anisata, newbouldia laevis and polyscias fulva against multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. | the present study was designed to investigate the antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts from different parts of beilschmedia acuta kosterm (lauraceae), clausena anisata (willd) hook (rutaceae), newbouldia laevis seem (bignoniaceae) and polyscias fulva (hiern) harms (araliaceae) as well as their synergistic effects with antibiotics against a panel of gram-negative bacteria, including multi-drug resistant (mdr) phenotypes expressing active efflux pumps. | 2015 | 26590804 |
| antimicrobial activity of croton macrostachyus stem bark extracts against several human pathogenic bacteria. | in kenya, leaves and roots from croton macrostachyus are used as a traditional medicine for infectious diseases such as typhoid and measles, but reports on possible antimicrobial activity of stem bark do not exist. in this study, the antibacterial and antifungal effects of methanol, ethyl acetate and butanol extracts, and purified lupeol of c. macrostachyus stem bark were determined against important human gram-negative pathogens escherichia coli, salmonella typhi, klebsiella pneumoniae, and ent ... | 2016 | 27293897 |
| nqrm (duf539) protein is required for maturation of bacterial na+-translocating nadh:quinone oxidoreductase. | na(+)-translocating nadh:quinone oxidoreductase (na(+)-nqr) catalyzes electron transfer from nadh to ubiquinone in the bacterial respiratory chain, coupled with na(+) translocation across the membrane. na(+)-nqr maturation involves covalent attachment of flavin mononucleotide (fmn) residues, catalyzed by flavin transferase encoded by the nqr-associated apbe gene. analysis of complete bacterial genomes has revealed another putative gene (duf539, here renamed nqrm) that usually follows the apbe ge ... | 2016 | 26644436 |
| assessment of phytochemicals, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of extract and fractions from fagonia olivieri (zygophyllaceae). | in pakistan fagonia olivieri (zygophyllaceae) is commonly used in the indigenous system of medicine for treatment of conditions like diabetes, cancer, fever, asthma, toothache, stomach troubles and kidney disorders. this study evaluated the crude methanol extract of f. olivieri (fom) and its derived fractions for their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities as well as the classes of phytochemical. | 2013 | 23842440 |
| prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase production among uropathogens in south mumbai and its antibiogram pattern. | β-lactams are the most widely used group of antimicrobials. however, increasing resistance to these valuable drugs in uropathogens, mediated principally by β-lactamases, has become a major concern. the present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of extended spectrum β-lactamase (esbl) producers in clinical isolates of urine specimens, collected from various healthcare centres across south mumbai. a total of 195 gram negative urine isolates were identified as pseudomonas aeruginosa ( ... | 2012 | 27418912 |
| association of tellurite resistance with hypervirulent clonal groups of klebsiella pneumoniae. | tellurite-based selective growth media are used for several bacterial pathogens. we found that, in klebsiella pneumoniae, tellurite resistance is strongly associated with hypervirulent clonal group 23 (cg23), cg65, and cg86, providing a novel approach for screening environmental or carriage samples. the terw gene was also associated with these groups. | 2015 | 25631812 |
| carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae: prevalence and risk factors in a single community-based hospital in korea. | carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe) are gram-negative bacteria with increasing prevalence of infection worldwide. in korea, 25 cases of cpe isolates were reported by the korea centers for disease control and prevention in 2011. most cpe cases were detected mainly at tertiary referral hospitals. we analyzed the prevalence and risk factors for carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (cre) in a mid-sized community-based hospital in korea. | 2016 | 27659436 |
| mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions of gyra and parc in enterobacteriaceae isolates from brazil. | mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (qrdr) in chromosomal gyra and parc genes and fluoroquinolone susceptibility profiles were investigated in quinolone-resistant enterobacteriaceae isolated from community and hospitalized patients in the brazilian southeast region. a total of 112 nalidixic acid-resistant enterobacterial isolates collected from 2000 to 2005 were investigated for mutations in the topoisomerases genes gyra and parc by amplifying and sequencing the qrdr region ... | 2012 | 24031957 |
| antibacterial activity of statins: a comparative study of atorvastatin, simvastatin, and rosuvastatin. | statins have several effects beyond their well-known antihyperlipidemic activity, which include immunomodulatory, antioxidative and anticoagulant effects. in this study, we have tested the possible antimicrobial activity of statins against a range of standard bacterial strains and bacterial clinical isolates. | 2012 | 22564676 |
| aerobic microbial community of insectary population of phlebotomus papatasi. | microbes particularly bacteria presenting in the gut of haematophagous insects may have an important role in the epidemiology of human infectious disease. | 2013 | 25629067 |
| aerobic microbial community of insectary population of phlebotomus papatasi. | microbes particularly bacteria presenting in the gut of haematophagous insects may have an important role in the epidemiology of human infectious disease. | 2013 | 25629067 |
| prevalence and antibiotic resistance of gram-negative pathogenic bacteria species isolated from periplaneta americana and blattella germanica in varanasi, india. | cockroaches are among the medically important pests found within the human habitations that cause serious public health problems. they may harbor a number of pathogenic bacteria on the external surface with antibiotic resistance. hence, they are regarded as major microbial vectors. this study investigates the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of gram-negative pathogenic bacteria species isolated from periplaneta americana and blattella germanica in varanasi, india. | 2013 | 25629061 |
| the new species enterobacter oryziphilus sp. nov. and enterobacter oryzendophyticus sp. nov. are key inhabitants of the endosphere of rice. | six independent gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming, nitrogen-fixing rod-shaped isolates were obtained from the root endosphere of rice grown at the international rice research institute (irri) and investigated in a polyphasic taxonomic study. | 2013 | 23865888 |
| distribution of extended-spectrum β-lactamases, ampc β-lactamases, and carbapenemases among enterobacteriaceae isolates causing intra-abdominal infections in the asia-pacific region: results of the study for monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends (smart). | the increasing trend of β-lactam resistance among enterobacteriaceae is a worldwide threat. enterobacteriaceae isolates causing intra-abdominal infections (iai) from the study for monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends (smart) collected in 2008 and 2009 from the asia-pacific region were investigated. detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamases (esbls), ampc β-lactamases, and carbapenemases was performed by multiplex pcr. a total of 699 enterobacteriaceae isolates with positive genotypic resu ... | 2013 | 23587958 |
| emergence of carbapenemaseproducing klebsiella pneumoniae of sequence type 258 in michigan, usa. | the prevalence of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe) in our hospital increased beginning in 2009. we aimed to study the clinical and molecular epidemiology of these emerging isolates. we performed a retrospective review of all adult patients with clinical cultures confirmed as cpe by positive modified hodge test from 5/2009- 5/2010 at the university of michigan health system (umhs). clinical information was obtained from electronic medical records. available cpe isolates were analy ... | 2013 | 24470956 |
| phenotypic and molecular characteristics of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae in a health care system in los angeles, california, from 2011 to 2013. | carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (cre) are a concern for health care in the united states but remain relatively uncommon in california. we describe the phenotype, clonality, and carbapenemase-encoding genes present in cre isolated from patients at a californian tertiary health care system. cre for this study were identified by evaluating the antibiograms of enterobacteriaceae isolated in the ucla health system from 2011 to 2013 for isolates that were not susceptible to meropenem and/or im ... | 2014 | 25210072 |
| re-examination of the taxonomic status of enterobacter helveticus, enterobacter pulveris and enterobacter turicensis as members of the genus cronobacter and their reclassification in the genera franconibacter gen. nov. and siccibacter gen. nov. as franconibacter helveticus comb. nov., franconibacter pulveris comb. nov. and siccibacter turicensis comb. nov., respectively. | recently, a taxonomical re-evaluation of the genus enterobacter, based on multi-locus sequence typing (mlst) analysis, has led to the proposal that the species enterobacter pulveris, enterobacter helveticus and enterobacter turicensis should be reclassified as novel species of the genus cronobacter. in the present work, new genome-scale analyses, including average nucleotide identity, genome-scale phylogeny and k-mer analysis, coupled with previously reported dna-dna hybridization values and bio ... | 2014 | 25028159 |
| activities of selected medicinal plants against multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacteria in cameroon. | medicinal plants are used worldwide for several human ailments including bacterial infections. the present work was designed to assess the in vitro antibacterial activities of some cameroonian medicinal plants including entada abyssinica, entada africana, pentaclethra macrophylla, allexis cauliflora, anthocleista leibrechtsiana, carapa procera, carica papaya and persea americana against gram-negative bacteria expressing multidrug resistant (mdr) phenotypes. | 2014 | 26060474 |
| molecular characterization of esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae in northern portugal. | extended-spectrum β-lactamases (esbls) prevalence was studied in the north of portugal, among 193 clinical isolates belonging to citizens in a district in the boundaries between this country and spain from a total of 7529 clinical strains. in the present study we recovered some members of enterobacteriaceae family, producing esbl enzymes, including escherichia coli (67.9%), klebsiella pneumoniae (30.6%), klebsiella oxytoca (0.5%), enterobacter aerogenes (0.5%), and citrobacter freundii (0.5%). β ... | 2014 | 24701189 |
| the spread of bla oxa-48 and bla oxa-244 carbapenemase genes among klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus mirabilis and enterobacter spp. isolated in moscow, russia. | the spread of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe) is a great problem of healthcare worldwide. study of the spread for bla oxa-48-like genes coding epidemically significant carbapenemases among hospital pathogens is important for the regional and global epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance. | 2015 | 26526183 |
| in vivo evolution of bacterial resistance in two cases of enterobacter aerogenes infections during treatment with imipenem. | infections caused by multidrug resistant (mdr) bacteria are a major concern worldwide. changes in membrane permeability, including decreased influx and/or increased efflux of antibiotics, are known as key contributors of bacterial mdr. therefore, it is of critical importance to understand molecular mechanisms that link membrane permeability to mdr in order to design new antimicrobial strategies. in this work, we describe genotype-phenotype correlations in enterobacter aerogenes, a clinically pro ... | 2015 | 26398358 |
| molecular characteristics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant enterobacteriaceae from humans in the community. | to investigate the molecular characteristics of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (esc)-resistant enterobacteriaceae collected during a cross-sectional study examining the prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae in humans living in areas with high or low broiler density. | 2015 | 26029910 |
| further modification of the modified hodge test for detecting metallo-β-lactamase-producing carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae. | the modified hodge test (mht) was designed to detect carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae (cpe). this study evaluated variables to improve the performance of mht. | 2015 | 25932437 |
| common isolation of new delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1-producing enterobacteriaceae in a large surgical hospital in vietnam. | this study sought to monitor the presence of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriaceae (cre) and the proportion new delhi metallo-beta-lactamase 1 (ndm-1)-producing bacteria between august 2010 and december 2012 in a surgical hospital in vietnam. we identified 47 cre strains from a total of 4,096 enterobacteriaceae isolates (1.1 %) that were ndm-1-positive from 45 patients admitted to 11 different departments, with the majority being from the urology department. the ndm-1 gene was found in seven d ... | 2015 | 25732142 |
| comprehensive genome analysis of carbapenemase-producing enterobacter spp.: new insights into phylogeny, population structure, and resistance mechanisms. | knowledge regarding the genomic structure of enterobacter spp., the second most prevalent carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae, remains limited. here we sequenced 97 clinical enterobacter species isolates that were both carbapenem susceptible and resistant from various geographic regions to decipher the molecular origins of carbapenem resistance and to understand the changing phylogeny of these emerging and drug-resistant pathogens. of the carbapenem-resistant isolates, 30 possessed blakpc ... | 2016 | 27965456 |
| isolation and characterization of a bacteriophage phieap-2 infecting multidrug resistant enterobacter aerogenes. | enterobacter aerogenes (enterobacteriaceae) is an important opportunistic pathogen that causes hospital-acquired pneumonia, bacteremia, and urinary tract infections. recently, multidrug-resistant e. aerogenes have been a public health problem. to develop an effective antimicrobial agent, bacteriophage phieap-2 was isolated from sewage and its genome was sequenced because of its ability to lyse the multidrug-resistant clinical e. aerogenes strain 3-sp. morphological observations suggested that th ... | 2016 | 27320081 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of a siderophore cephalosporin, s-649266, against enterobacteriaceae clinical isolates, including carbapenem-resistant strains. | s-649266 is a novel siderophore cephalosporin antibiotic with a catechol moiety on the 3-position side chain. two sets of clinical isolate collections were used to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of s-649266 against enterobacteriaceae. these sets included 617 global isolates collected between 2009 and 2011 and 233 β-lactamase-identified isolates, including 47 kpc-, 49 ndm-, 12 vim-, and 8 imp-producers. the mic90 values of s-649266 against the first set of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumo ... | 2016 | 26574013 |
| clinical microbiology and asm: quo vadis? american society for microbiology. | | 1999 | 10203463 |
| a midcentury watershed: the transition from microbial biochemistry to molecular biology. | | 1999 | 9882645 |
| a biochemical mechanism for nonrandom mutations and evolution. | | 2000 | 10809674 |
| a temperature-sensitive adenylyl cyclase mutant of dictyostelium. | dictyostelium development starts with the chemotactic aggregation of up to 10(6) amoebae in response to propagating camp waves. camp is produced by the aggregation stage adenylyl cyclase (aca) and cells lacking aca (aca null) cannot aggregate. temperature-sensitive mutants of aca were selected from a population of aca null cells transformed with a library of aca genes, a major segment of which had been amplified by error-prone pcr. one mutant (tsaca2) that can complement the aggregation null phe ... | 2000 | 10811616 |
| acute bilateral emphysematous pyelonephritis successfully managed by medical therapy alone: a case report and review of the literature. | bilateral emphysematous pyelonephritis is a life threatening condition usually occurring in diabetics. management of this condition has traditionally been aggressive and surgery is considered mandatory. however, this is itself a hazardous intervention in a septic, unstable patient with circulatory or liver failure. when bilateral disease is present, the need for long-term dialysis is obviously unavoidable. | 2002 | 12057010 |
| the twilight of heliozoa and rise of rhizaria, an emerging supergroup of amoeboid eukaryotes. | recent molecular phylogenetic studies revealed the extraordinary diversity of single-celled eukaryotes. however, the proper assessment of this diversity and accurate reconstruction of the eukaryote phylogeny are still impeded by the lack of molecular data for some major groups of easily identifiable and cultivable protists. among them, amoeboid eukaryotes have been notably absent from molecular phylogenies, despite their diversity, complexity, and abundance. to partly fill this phylogenetic gap, ... | 2004 | 15148395 |
| bioluminescent probes of sulfatase activity. | | 2010 | 20872389 |
| retroperitoneal-necrotizing fasciitis due to chronic pyelonephritis. | | 2010 | 21063573 |
| differential ammonia metabolism in aedes aegypti fat body and midgut tissues. | in order to understand at the tissue level how aedes aegypti copes with toxic ammonia concentrations that result from the rapid metabolism of blood meal proteins, we investigated the incorporation of (15)n from (15)nh(4)cl into amino acids using an in vitro tissue culture system. fat body or midgut tissues from female mosquitoes were incubated in an aedes saline solution supplemented with glucose and (15)nh(4)cl for 10-40min. the media were then mixed with deuterium-labeled amino acids, dried an ... | 2010 | 20206632 |
| hospitalization of the elderly in the united states for nonspecific gastrointestinal diseases: a search for etiological clues. | the frequency of hospitalization among the elderly in the united states caused by gastrointestinal diseases between 1991 and 2004 increased dramatically, especially hospitalization of elderly individuals with nonspecific diagnoses. we analyzed 6 640 304 gastrointestinal disease-associated hospitalization records in this 14-year period by comparing the peak times of nonspecific gastrointestinal diseases with those of specific diseases. we found that most nonspecific gastrointestinal diseases peak ... | 2011 | 21653903 |
| emergency department visits by nursing home residents in the united states. | to characterize emergency department (ed) use by nursing home residents in the united states. | 2011 | 22091500 |
| oral or parenteral administration of curcumin does not prevent the growth of high-risk t(4;11) acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells engrafted into a nod/scid mouse model. | in this study, the efficacy of orally and parenterally administered curcumin was evaluated in non‑obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (nod/scid) mice (nod.cb17-prkdc(scid)/j mice) engrafted with the human t(4;11) acute lymphoblastic leukemia line, sem. sem cells were injected into the tail vein and engraftment was monitored by flow cytometry. once engraftment was observed, the chemotherapeutic potential was examined by injecting mice intraperitoneally with curcumin (5 mg/kg body weigh ... | 2012 | 23232667 |
| oral or parenteral administration of curcumin does not prevent the growth of high-risk t(4;11) acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells engrafted into a nod/scid mouse model. | in this study, the efficacy of orally and parenterally administered curcumin was evaluated in non‑obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (nod/scid) mice (nod.cb17-prkdc(scid)/j mice) engrafted with the human t(4;11) acute lymphoblastic leukemia line, sem. sem cells were injected into the tail vein and engraftment was monitored by flow cytometry. once engraftment was observed, the chemotherapeutic potential was examined by injecting mice intraperitoneally with curcumin (5 mg/kg body weigh ... | 2012 | 23232667 |
| disruption of p450-mediated vitamin e hydroxylase activities alters vitamin e status in tocopherol supplemented mice and reveals extra-hepatic vitamin e metabolism. | the widely conserved preferential accumulation of α-tocopherol (α-toh) in tissues occurs, in part, from selective postabsorptive catabolism of non-α-toh forms via the vitamin e-ω-oxidation pathway. we previously showed that global disruption of cyp4f14, the major but not the only mouse toh-ω-hydroxylase, resulted in hyper-accumulation of γ-toh in mice fed a soybean oil diet. in the current study, supplementation of cyp4f14(-/-) mice with high levels of δ- and γ-toh exacerbated tissue enrichment ... | 2012 | 22969154 |
| dietary resveratrol does not delay engraftment, sensitize to vincristine or inhibit growth of high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells in nod/scid mice. | acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) with translocation t(4;11) is a high-risk leukemia found in 60-85% of infants with all and is often refractory to conventional chemotherapeutics after relapse. to evaluate the efficacy of dietary resveratrol in vivo, 5-week-old nod.cb17-prkdcscid/j mice were fed a control diet or a diet containing 0.2% w/w resveratrol. after 3 weeks of dietary treatment, mice were engrafted with the human t(4;11) all line sem by tail vein injection. engraftment was monitored by ... | 2012 | 23041950 |
| identification of phase ii metabolites of thiol-conjugated [6]-shogaol in mouse urine using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. | ginger is frequently consumed as a spice and has numerous medicinal properties. extensive research has characterized the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antitumor activities of ginger. previously, we reported the mercapturic acid pathway as a major metabolic route of [6]-shogaol in mice and the thiol conjugates of [6]-shogaol existed in the glucuronidated and sulfated forms in mouse urine. however, their structures are still unknown. in the present study, we further investigated the phase ii ... | 2012 | 23031413 |
| disruption of mouse cytochrome p450 4f14 (cyp4f14 gene) causes severe perturbations in vitamin e metabolism. | vitamin e is a family of naturally occurring and structurally related lipophilic antioxidants, one of which, α-tocopherol (α-toh), selectively accumulates in vertebrate tissues. the ω-hydroxylase cytochrome p450-4f2 (cyp4f2) is the only human enzyme shown to metabolize vitamin e. using cdna cloning, cell culture expression, and activity assays, we identified cyp4f14 as a functional murine ortholog of cyp4f2. we then investigated the effect of cyp4f14 deletion on vitamin e metabolism and status i ... | 2012 | 22665481 |
| thermostable bacterial bioflocculant produced by cobetia spp. isolated from algoa bay (south africa). | a novel bioflocculant-producing bacteria was isolated from sediment samples of algoa bay in the eastern cape province of south africa and the effect of culture conditions on the bioflocculant production was investigated. analysis of the partial nucleotide sequence of the 16s rdna of the bacteria revealed 99% similarity to cobetia sp. l222 and the sequence was deposited in genbank as cobetia sp. oauife (accession number jf799092). cultivation condition studies revealed that bioflocculant producti ... | 2012 | 22829793 |
| complete genome sequence of klebsiella oxytoca kctc 1686, used in production of 2,3-butanediol. | here we report the full genome sequence of klebsiella oxytoca kctc 1686, which is used in production of 2,3-butanediol. the kctc 1686 strain contains 5,974,109 bp with g+c content of 56.05 mol% and contains 5,488 protein-coding genes and 110 structural rnas. | 2012 | 22493189 |
| olefin isomerization regiochemistries during tandem action of baca and bacb on prephenate in bacilysin biosynthesis. | baca and bacb, the first two enzymes of the bacilysin pathway, convert prephenate to an exocylic regioisomer of dihydrohydroxyphenylpyruvate (ex-h(2)hpp) on the way to the epoxycyclohexanone warhead in the dipeptide antibiotic, bacilysin. baca decarboxylates prephenate without aromatization, converting the 1,4-diene in prephenate to the endocyclic 1,3-diene in δ(4),δ(8)-dihydrohydroxyphenylpyruvate (en-h(2)hpp). bacb then performs an allylic isomerization to bring the diene into conjugation with ... | 2012 | 22483065 |
| sult1a3-mediated regiospecific 7-o-sulfation of flavonoids in caco-2 cells can be explained by the relevant molecular docking studies. | flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds with various claimed health benefits, but the extensive metabolism by uridine-5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferases (ugts) and sulfotransferases (sults) in liver and intestine led to poor oral bioavailabilities. the effects of structural changes on the sulfonation of flavonoids have not been systemically determined, although relevant effects of structural changes on the glucuronidation of flavonoids had. we performed the regiospecific sulfonation of sixteen ... | 2012 | 22352375 |
| the dynamic determinants of reaction specificity in the impdh/gmpr family of (β/α)(8) barrel enzymes. | the inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (impdh)/guanosine monophosphate reductase (gmpr) family of (β/α)(8) enzymes presents an excellent opportunity to investigate how subtle changes in enzyme structure change reaction specificity. impdh and gmpr bind the same ligands with similar affinities and share a common set of catalytic residues. both enzymes catalyze a hydride transfer reaction involving a nicotinamide cofactor hydride, and both reactions proceed via the same covalent intermediate. in t ... | 2012 | 22332716 |
| trends in neutropenia-related inpatient events. | neutropenic complications (ncs) after myelosuppressive chemotherapy are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. we described nc rates by using us hospital discharge data. | 2012 | 22942808 |
| host-targeting protein 1 (sphtp1) from the oomycete saprolegnia parasitica translocates specifically into fish cells in a tyrosine-o-sulphate-dependent manner. | the eukaryotic oomycetes, or water molds, contain several species that are devastating pathogens of plants and animals. during infection, oomycetes translocate effector proteins into host cells, where they interfere with host-defense responses. for several oomycete effectors (i.e., the rxlr-effectors) it has been shown that their n-terminal polypeptides are important for the delivery into the host. here we demonstrate that the putative rxlr-like effector, host-targeting protein 1 (sphtp1), from ... | 2012 | 22308362 |
| conservative management of severe bilateral emphysematous pyelonephritis: case series and review of literature. | emphysematous pyelonephritis (epn) is a life-threatening condition most commonly observed in diabetes, with nephrectomy believed to be the treatment of choice. however, nephrectomy in epn is associated with increased risk of complications secondary to associated hemodynamic instability and may result in lifelong hemodialysis in case of bilateral epn. we present three patients of severe bilateral epn and one patient of unilateral epn with diabetic ketoacidosis (dka) successfully managed conservat ... | 2013 | 24251204 |
| studies on bioflocculant production by a mixed culture of methylobacterium sp. obi and actinobacterium sp. mayor. | bioflocculants effect the aggregation of suspended solutes in solutions thus, a viable alternative to inorganic poly-ionic and synthetic organic flocculants which are associated with deleterious health problems. consequently, a consortium of two bacteria species were evaluated for optimized bioflocculant yield following the inadequacies of axenic cultures. | 2013 | 23915393 |
| cu(ii), ni(ii), and zn(ii) complexes of salan-type ligand containing ester groups: synthesis, characterization, electrochemical properties, and in vitro biological activities. | a salen ligand on reduction and n-alkylation affords a novel [n2o2] chelating ligand containing ester groups [l = diethyl-2,2'-(propane-1,3-diylbis((2-hydroxy-3-methoxy benzyl)azanediyl))diacetate]. the purity of the ligand was confirmed by nmr and hplc chromatograms. its cu(ii), ni(ii), and zn(ii) complexes were synthesized and characterized by a combination of elemental analysis, ir, nmr, uv-vis, and mass spectral data, and thermogravimetric analysis (tg/dta). the magnetic moments, uv-vis, and ... | 2013 | 23983672 |
| sulfatase-activated fluorophores for rapid discrimination of mycobacterial species and strains. | most current diagnostic tests for tuberculosis do not reveal the species or strain of pathogen causing pulmonary infection, which can lead to inappropriate treatment regimens and the spread of disease. here, we report an assay for mycobacterial strain assignment based on genetically conserved mycobacterial sulfatases. we developed a sulfatase-activated probe, 7-hydroxy-9h-(1,3-dichloro-9,9-dimethylacridin-2-one)-sulfate, that detects enzyme activity in native protein gels, allowing the rapid det ... | 2013 | 23878250 |
| inhibition of cyp2c19 and cyp3a4 by omeprazole metabolites and their contribution to drug-drug interactions. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the contribution of metabolites to drug-drug interactions (ddi) using the inhibition of cyp2c19 and cyp3a4 by omeprazole and its metabolites as a model. of the metabolites identified in vivo, 5-hydroxyomeprazole, 5'-o-desmethylomeprazole, omeprazole sulfone, and carboxyomeprazole had a metabolite to parent area under the plasma concentration-time curve (auc(m)/auc(p)) ratio ≥ 0.25 when either total or unbound concentrations were measured after a single 20-mg ... | 2013 | 23620487 |
| influence of azelaic and mandelic acid peels on sebum secretion in ageing women. | azelaic acid and mandelic acid are superficial peels commonly applied in people of various age groups. as they are mild and do not cause any side effects, they are also often used in elderly people. | 2013 | 24278065 |
| spliced dna sequences in the paramecium germline: their properties and evolutionary potential. | despite playing a crucial role in germline-soma differentiation, the evolutionary significance of developmentally regulated genome rearrangements (drgrs) has received scant attention. an example of drgr is dna splicing, a process that removes segments of dna interrupting genic and/or intergenic sequences. perhaps, best known for shaping immune-system genes in vertebrates, dna splicing plays a central role in the life of ciliated protozoa, where thousands of germline dna segments are eliminated a ... | 2013 | 23737328 |