| [pulmonary cavitation lesions in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus: an analysis of a series of 78 cases]. | to assess the clinical, radiologic and microbiological features of lung cavitation and hiv infection. evaluation of the differences related to this disease in the last years. | 1998 | 9922954 |
| salmonella enteritidis meningitis in a healthy neonate. | | 1998 | 9924592 |
| structure-activity relationships of protoberberines having antimicrobial activity. | 13-alkyl derivatives (2-6 and 8-12) of berberine (1) and palmatine (7) were subjected to in vitro antibacterial activity tests against bacillus subtilis and salmonella enteritidis. antibacterial activity increased as the length of the c-13 aliphatic side chain increased. the effects of the oxygen-substituents on aromatic rings a, c, and d of protoberberinium salts 13-20 on the antimicrobial activity against staphylococcus aureus, b. subtilis, s. enteritidis, escherichia coli, and candida albican ... | 1998 | 9933992 |
| antibodies to klebsiella pneumoniae lipopolysaccharide in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. | the role of microbial lipopolysaccharides (lps) in the aetiopathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (as) is a matter of continuing debate. in this study, class-specific igg, iga and igm antibodies against klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis lps were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in 100 as patients, 50 rheumatoid arthritis (ra) patients and 50 healthy control subjects. the as patients had significantly elevated levels o ... | 1998 | 9973159 |
| the susceptibility of gram-negative rods and their adaptive forms resistant to colistine to the bactericidal action of sera. | the susceptibility of escherichia coli k1, salmonella enteritidis, salmonella typhimurium strains and their adaptative forms resistant to colistine (colr forms) was compared with respect to their sensitivity to the bactericidal action of normal cord serum and normal bovine serum. it has been shown that the colr forms are more susceptible to sera as compared to initial strains. the increase of sensitivity of the colr forms is connected with structural changes within bacterial cell wall which is t ... | 1998 | 9990711 |
| evaluation of potential disinfectants for preslaughter broiler crop decontamination. | the broiler crop has recently been implicated as a major source of salmonella contamination at commercial processing. furthermore, feed withdrawal has been positively correlated with increased salmonella incidence in the crop, probably due to coprophagy. in the present study, a rapid screening assay was developed to evaluate several potential disinfectants in the presence of large quantities of organic matter, simulating the crop environment. an apparent synergistic combination of d-limonene (dl ... | 1999 | 10023743 |
| presence of salmonella in the crop and ceca of broiler chickens before and after preslaughter feed withdrawal. | recent studies have suggested that crop contents may serve as an important source of salmonella carcass contamination within processing plants. during the present study, we evaluated the effect of preslaughter feed withdrawal on the presence of salmonella in the crops of broilers from nine commercial broiler flocks reared in individual growout houses. crops were collected aseptically from 40 randomly selected broilers in each flock before feed removal and at the end of the feed withdrawal period ... | 1999 | 10023745 |
| application of negative air ionization for reducing experimental airborne transmission of salmonella enteritidis to chicks. | electrostatic space chargers were used to impart a negative charge to airborne dust particles and thereby cause them to be attracted to grounded surfaces. to determine whether negative air ionization could affect the airborne transmission of salmonella enteritidis, chicks were housed in four controlled-environment isolation cabinets in which airflow was directed across an unoccupied central area from one ("upstream") group of birds to another ("downstream") group. negative air ionizers were inst ... | 1999 | 10023747 |
| salmonella enteritidis outbreak due to contaminated cheese--newfoundland. | | 1999 | 10024750 |
| the fate of salmonella enteritidis pt4 in home-made mayonnaise prepared with citric acid. | the fate of salmonella enteritidis pt4 in home-made mayonnaise prepared with citric acid solution (citric acid concentration of > or = 4.98% (w/v)) was investigated. it was found that ph of mayonnaise is closely related to the ratio of egg yolk to citric acid, and the inactivation rate of the micro-organisms increases as the ratio decreases and/or incubation temperature increases. to achieve salm. enteritidis pt4-free home-made mayonnaise prepared with pure lemon juice (citric acid concentration ... | 1999 | 10030030 |
| [food borne disease outbreaks caused by salmonella enteritidis]. | it is to describe outbreaks of salmonellosis reported from july 1993 through june 1997 in the northwest region of s. paulo state, brazil, one of the areas where several foodborne outbreaks of salmonellosis have been recently detected. | 1998 | 10030065 |
| use of capillary tubes and plate heat exchanger to validate u.s. department of agriculture pasteurization protocols for elimination of salmonella enteritidis from liquid egg products. | d values for a five-strain cocktail of salmonella enteritidis in five different liquid egg products (whole egg, egg yolk, egg white, egg yolk + 5% sucrose + 5% nacl, and egg yolk + 10% nacl) were determined using 100-microl capillary tubes. the egg products were inoculated with approximately 1 x 10(10) organisms/ml and heated in capillary tubes to temperatures ranging from 51 to 68 degrees c for various time intervals. using a pilot scale plate heat exchanger, the u.s. department of agriculture ... | 1999 | 10030627 |
| risk factors for the occurrence of sporadic salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis infections in children in france: a national case-control study. | to determine risk factors associated with the occurrence of sporadic cases of salmonella enteritidis infections among children in france, we conducted a matched case-control study. cases were identified between 1 march and 30 september 1995. one hundred and five pairs of cases and controls matched for age and place of residence were interviewed. in the 1-5 years age group, illness was associated with the consumption of raw eggs or undercooked egg-containing foods (or 2.4, 95% ci 1.2-4.8). storin ... | 1998 | 10030705 |
| salmonella infections in norway: descriptive epidemiology and a case-control study. | the epidemiological progression of human salmonellosis in norway is parallel to trends noted elsewhere in europe. during the past two decades, the number of reported cases has increased steadily, with a special sharp rise in the early 1980s due to the emergence of salmonella enteritidis, followed by a levelling off in recent years. however, in contrast to the situation in most other european countries, about 90% of the cases from whom a travel history is available, have acquired their infection ... | 1998 | 10030706 |
| the role of various agents in chicken amyloid arthropathy. | the results of an inventory of field cases of amyloid arthropathy in chickens and of routine post-mortem recordings over a two years period are described. studies were also performed to evaluate the amyloidogenic potential of arthrotropic bacterial species (staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and salmonella enteritidis) isolated from chickens as well as several enterococcus faecalis isolates compared to the amyloidogenic e. faecalis isolate (previously isolated from amyloidotic joints). as c ... | 1998 | 10036585 |
| pulsed-light inactivation of food-related microorganisms. | the effects of high-intensity pulsed-light emissions of high or low uv content on the survival of predetermined populations of listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, bacillus cereus, and staphylococcus aureus were investigated. bacterial cultures were seeded separately on the surface of tryptone soya-yeast extract agar and were reduced by up to 2 or 6 log10 orders with 200 light pulses (pulse duration, approximately 100 ns) of low or high uv con ... | 1999 | 10049899 |
| effect of lactose administration in drinking water prior to and during feed withdrawal on salmonella recovery from broiler crops and ceca. | salmonella contamination of the chicken crop has been reported to increase markedly and significantly during feed withdrawal, probably due to coprophagy, and may contribute to carcass contamination at processing. the effect of prolonged lactose administration (2.5%) in the drinking water on the incidence of salmonella recovery from broiler crops or ceca was evaluated in seven experiments. in these experiments, all or a percentage (providing seeders and contacts) of 7-wk-old broilers were challen ... | 1999 | 10051033 |
| protective effect of bifidus milk on the experimental infection with salmonella enteritidis subsp. typhimurium in conventional and gnotobiotic mice. | the ability of bifidobacterium bifidum from a commercial bifidus milk to antagonize salmonella enteritidis subsp. typhimurium in vivo, and to reduce the pathological consequences for the host, was determined using conventional and gnotobiotic mice. conventional animals received daily, by gavage, 0.1 ml bifidus milk containing about 10(9) cfu b. bifidum and germ-free animals received a single 0.1 ml dose. the conventional and gnotobiotic groups were challenged orally with 10(2) cfu of the pathoge ... | 1999 | 10063632 |
| evaluation of a multiplex pcr assay for simultaneous identification of salmonella sp., salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium from environmental swabs of poultry houses. | a multiplex pcr-based assay (m-pcr) with three sets of primers was developed for the detection of all serotypes of salmonella enterica and the identification of salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium. this method was evaluated against a bacteriological method for the analysis of environmental swabs of poultry houses. samples were preenriched in phosphate-buffered peptone water for 24 h and subjected to three different protocols prior to pcr: (i) an immunomagnetic separation using dyna ... | 1999 | 10063640 |
| salmonella empyema following splenic biopsy. | | 1998 | 10070573 |
| secretion of salmonella-specific antibodies in the oviducts of hens experimentally infected with salmonella enteritidis. | the production and secretion of salmonella enteritidis whole cell antigen-specific antibodies in the oviducts and in the serum of laying hens experimentally infected with salmonella enteritidis, was analyzed by elisa. the dynamics of the antibody levels in the oviducts were identical to that in the serum. subclasses of antibodies (iga, igg, and igm) in the infected hens were found to increase significantly (p < 0.01) compared to those in the control uninfected hens throughout the experiment. igg ... | 1999 | 10077424 |
| [the role of bacterial diarrhea in developing countries]. | bacterial diarrheas in developing countries remain a major public health problem. cholera is endemo-endemic since 1970. clusters of shigella infections are commonly observed during the rainy season. other enteropathogen cause nosocomial infections and foodborne diseases. the hiv epidemic determined the emergence of a new trend of enteric diseases caused by opportunistic bacteria such as salmonella enteritidis, s. typhimurium. the risk factors associated with these infections remains almost unkno ... | 1998 | 10078374 |
| enhancement of phagocytosis and bacterial killing by heterophils from neonatal chicks after administration of salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines. | during the first week post-hatch, chickens demonstrate an increased susceptibility to infection by bacteria such as salmonella. the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of immune lymphokines on phagocytosis and killing activities of heterophils in chicks during the first 1-7 days of life. lymphokines isolated from chicken splenic t-cells harvested from salmonella enteriditis (se)-hyperimmunized hens (se-ilk), have in past experiments, demonstrated augmentation of heterophil a ... | 1999 | 10078597 |
| extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing salmonella enteritidis in trinidad and tobago. | | 1999 | 10081693 |
| dietary calcium phosphate stimulates intestinal lactobacilli and decreases the severity of a salmonella infection in rats. | we have shown recently that dietary calcium phosphate (capi) has a trophic effect on the intestinal microflora and strongly protects against salmonella infection. it was speculated that precipitation by capi of intestinal surfactants, such as bile acids and fatty acids, reduced the cytotoxicity of intestinal contents and favored growth of the microflora. because lactobacilli may have antagonistic activity against pathogens, the main purpose of the present study was to examine whether this capi-i ... | 1999 | 10082763 |
| [lumbar puncture in a pediatric emergency department: something more than a diagnostic technic]. | the aim of this study was to know the incidence of serious bacterial infections (sbi) in children without sepsis or intracranial infection in which spinal puncture (lp) was performed in an emergency department. | 1999 | 10083638 |
| [efficacy of maternal salmonella antibodies and experimental oral infection of chicks with salmonella enteritidis]. | distribution of maternally transmitted salmonella antibodies and their protective effects were studied in the progeny of broiler breeder birds which had been vaccinated with live s. typhimurium and inactivated s. enteritidis vaccines. vaccination resulted in a significant increase of the antibody concentration in yolk of hatching eggs and in serum and jejunum of the progeny of immunized breeder birds. higher antibody titres for isotypes igg and iga were still seen on day 21 of age. antibody prod ... | 1997 | 10084942 |
| [significance of motility of salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium as a virulence factor and on the expression of the inhibition phenomenon in vitro and in vivo in spf chickens]. | methods of immunoprophylaxis for poultry using live salmonella vaccines are increasingly gaining in importance. methods of a simple and reliable bacteriological as well as serological differentiation between vaccine and field strains will be of decisive importance for the acceptance and use of live salmonella vaccines. the absence of motility in salmonella strains may be a marker fulfilling these criteria. the studies described served to examine whether virulence and the ability to inhibit other ... | 1997 | 10084946 |
| simplified preparation of a specific s. enteritidis antigen for elisa and other immunological techniques. | this study was conducted to prepare a specific s. enteritidis antigen (fg-antigen) for the serological detection of s. enteritidis infections in chicken flocks. this antigen (fg-antigen) consistent mainly of the flagellar fraction h:g and partly of the fimbrial fraction sef14 from a s. enteritidis-phage type 4 strain. the initial steps followed in the preparation of this antigen were conducted based on a previously described procedure, which involved the application of heat at 60 degrees c. the ... | 1999 | 10085769 |
| detection of antibodies to s. enteritidis in broilers by means of indirect elisa and chemiluminescent immunoassay (clia). | this study was conducted to develop a serological detection system for the monitoring of broiler flocks for salmonella enteritidis infections. a specific s. enteritidis antigen (fg-antigen) was used to compare the sensitivity and the specificity of the chemiluminescent immunoassay (clia) with those of the indirect elisa. this comparison was performed using a total of 578 sera, which, depending on the microbiological and vaccination history, were categorized into groups. most of the serum samples ... | 1999 | 10085770 |
| [fever and lumbalgia in a 22-year-old patient. vertebral osteomyelitis mit epidural abscess]. | | 1999 | 10086305 |
| inhibitory effects of competitive exclusion and fructooligosaccharide, singly and in combination, on salmonella colonization of chicks. | the inhibitory effects of competitive exclusion (ce) and 0.1% concentration of fructooligosaccharide (fos), singly and in combination, on salmonella colonization of chicks were investigated. moreover, quantitation of the major cecal flora (bifidobacterium, bacteroides, lactobacillus, and escherichia coli) was performed. one-day-old birds were divided into four groups: (i) control, (ii) ce, (iii) fos, and (iv) ce plus fos. chicks received salmonella enteritidis at 7 days (experiment 1) or 21 days ... | 1999 | 10090240 |
| convalescent excretion of salmonella enteritidis in infants. | to review the excretion of salmonella enteritidis pt4 in the faeces of infants involved in a point-source outbreak in a nursery, and to relate these findings to advice given by the outbreak control team (oct). | 1999 | 10090502 |
| identification of mycobacterium shimoidei by molecular techniques: case report and summary of the literature. | a 53-year-old woman from melbourne, australia, with squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus was shown by computed tomography (ct) scan to have a left apical cavity and inflammatory changes in the right lung consistent with aspiration. acid-fast bacilli isolated from bronchial washings were identified biochemically first as mycobacterium terrae, but later as m. shimoidei on the basis of 1) restriction fragment analysis and 2) sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplified 16s rdna. nin ... | 1999 | 10091886 |
| phage type conversion in salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis caused by the introduction of a resistance plasmid of incompatibility group x (incx). | the plasmid pog670, a 54 kb, conjugative plasmid that specifies resistance to ampicillin and kanamycin and belonging to the incompatibility group x (incx), was transferred into 10 isolates of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis belonging to 10 different phage types (pt1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 9b, 10, 11 and 13). acquisition of the plasmid by these strains did not result in the loss of any resident plasmids but resulted in phage type conversion in 8 of the 10 strains (pt1, 2, 4, 8, 9, 9b, 10 and 11 ... | 1999 | 10098781 |
| prolonged incubation period of salmonellosis in an outbreak of salmonella enteritidis infection. | an outbreak of salmonella enteritidis infections occurred in otaru, japan, in september 1997. a total of 143 cases of salmonellosis were reported to the local public health center. in this outbreak, one case had a 214-hr incubation period. we investigated 5 isolates including this case by phage typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) to determine the genetic heterogeneity of s. enteritidis. five isolates were phage typed as reacted, but did not conform (rdnc) with identical reaction p ... | 1999 | 10100749 |
| cloning, sequence analyses, expression, and distribution of ampc-ampr from morganella morganii clinical isolates. | shotgun cloning experiments with restriction enzyme-digested genomic dna from morganella morganii 1, which expresses high levels of cephalosporinase, into the pbkcmv cloning vector gave a recombinant plasmid, ppon-1, which encoded four entire genes: ampc, ampr, an hybf family gene, and orf-1 of unknown function. the deduced ampc beta-lactamase of pi 7.6 shared structural and functional homologies with ampc from citrobacter freundii, escherichia coli, yersinia enterocolitica, enterobacter cloacae ... | 1999 | 10103179 |
| an in-depth investigation into a food poisoning outbreak. | on and shortly after the 6th may 1990, 16 people were affected by food poisoning in an old peoples' residential home, of whom two died. the vehicle of infection was identified as a baked alaska contaminated by salmonella enteritidis phage type (pt) 8 and, at an early stage of the investigation, the source was attributed to a single infected egg. a separate investigation by the author, however, revealed that the baked alaska meringue had been dispensed from an inadequately cleaned piping bag whic ... | 1991 | 10115964 |
| survival of salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium in chicken manure at different levels of water activity. | survival of salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium in chicken manure at different levels of water activity (aw) was determined. the aw was adjusted by means of saturated salts with defined equilibrium relative humidity and the manure samples were stored aerobically at 20 degrees c. at aw levels higher than 0.93, a moderate increase in colony-forming units over 8-9 h was found for both strains; at aw levels of 0.89-0.75, there was a thousand-fold reduction. extended storage resulted in ... | 1999 | 10188244 |
| [salmonella enteritidis gastroenteritis and erythema nodosum]. | | 1999 | 10191908 |
| effect of elevated oxygen and carbon dioxide on the surface growth of vegetable-associated micro-organisms. | the impact of a novel type of modified atmosphere (ma), referred to as high o2-ma, on micro-organisms associated with the spoilage of minimally-processed vegetables was studied. pure cultures of pseudomonas fluorescens, enterobacter agglomerans, aureobacterium strain 27, candida guilliermondii, c. sake, salmonella typhimurium, salm. enteritidis, escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes, leuconostoc mesenteroides var. mesenteroides, lactobacillus plantarum and lactococcus lactis were cultured on ... | 1999 | 10196748 |
| [role of hyperbaric oxygenation in mechanisms correcting the immunological reactivity in endotoxic shock and serum sickness]. | the adaptation effect of hyperbaric oxygenation (3.0 ata for 60 min) on white rats and mice with acute serum sickness is due to stimulation of non-pathogenic circulating immune complexes which do not fix the complement nor induce immune injuries to the kidneys. this promotes recovery of nephron ultrafiltration and decreases proteinuria. hyperbaric oxygenation stimulates immunity in endotoxin shock by activating the humoral immunity and specific immune response. | 1999 | 10199051 |
| the lazaroid, u-74389g, inhibits inducible nitric oxide synthase activity, reverses vascular failure and protects against endotoxin shock. | the aim of our study was to investigate the effect of the 21-aminosteroid u-74389g [21- < 4-(2,6-di-1-pyrrolidinyl-4-pyrimidinyl)-1-piperazinyl-pregna-1,4,9,(11) triene-3,20-dione(z)-2-butenedionate] on the l-arginine-nitric oxide (no) pathway in a rat model of endotoxin shock. endotoxin shock was produced in male rats by a single intravenous (i.v.) injection of 20 mg/kg of salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (lps). rats were treated with u-74389g (7.5, 15 and 30 mg/kg i.v.) or vehicle (1 ... | 1999 | 10204681 |
| analysis of interleukin-6, interleukin-10 and leukemia inhibitory factor (lif) production by peripheral blood cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus identifies lif as a potential marker of disease activity. | the objective of this study was to determine the extent of interleukin (il)-6, -10 and/or lif involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). specific elisa were used to measure cytokines in the supernatants of 48 hours cultures of whole blood stimulated or not by lipopolysaccharide and phytohemagglutinin, from controls (n = 10) or sle patients divided according to the median of the sle activity measurements (slam): < 9, group 1 (n = 11), and 9, group 2 (n = 10). comparing median basal and st ... | 1999 | 10210768 |
| development of a surface adhesion immunofluorescent technique for the rapid detection of salmonella spp. from meat and poultry. | a rapid method based on bacterial adhesion was developed for the detection of salmonella in an enriched meat system. minced beef samples inoculated with salm. enteritidis (10 cfu g-1) were incubated overnight (18 h) at 37 degrees c in buffered peptone water. salmonella enteritidis cells were isolated from the enriched meat sample by surface adhesion onto a polycarbonate membrane attached to a glass slide. the organisms attached to this polycarbonate membrane were subsequently visualized using im ... | 1999 | 10212404 |
| [bacteriological studies of traveller's diarrhoea (6). analysis of enteropathogenic bacteria at kansai airport quarantine station from september 4th, 1994 through december 1996]. | during the period of investigation from sept. 4, 1994 to dec, 1996, a total of 11,446,534 overseas travellers were quarantined at kansai airport quarantine station, and 22,187 voluntarily reported of episodes suffering from diarrhoea. bacteriological examination of the stools a total of 9,299 individuals' was performed, and the following results were obtained. 1) various enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated from 33.3% of the stools examined. bacterial species isolated were as follows: plesiom ... | 1999 | 10213987 |
| feed deprivation affects crop environment and modulates salmonella enteritidis colonization and invasion of leghorn hens. | leghorn hens over 50 weeks of age were assigned to two treatment groups designated as either unmolted controls or molted. a forced molt was induced by a 9-day feed withdrawal, and each hen was challenged orally with 10(5) salmonella enteritidis organisms on day 4 of feed withdrawal. on days 4 and 9 of molt, the numbers of lactobacilli and the concentrations of lactate, acetate, propionate, and butyrate, and total volatile fatty acids in the crops decreased while crop ph increased significantly ( ... | 1999 | 10223980 |
| clinical and veterinary isolates of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis defective in lipopolysaccharide o-chain polymerization. | twelve human and chicken isolates of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis belonging to phage types 4, 8, 13a, and 23 were characterized for variability in lipopolysaccharide (lps) composition. isolates were differentiated into two groups, i.e., those that lacked immunoreactive o-chain, termed rough isolates, and those that had immunoreactive o-chain, termed smooth isolates. isolates within these groups could be further differentiated by lps compositional differences as detected by gel electro ... | 1999 | 10224019 |
| brain abscess caused by salmonella enteritidis in an immunocompetent adult patient: successful treatment with cefotaxime and ciprofloxacin. | a previously healthy 43-y-old man, who had spent 2 weeks in northern india, was admitted to hospital after a 2-day history of pyrexia, confusion and frontal headache. cranial computerized tomography (ct) showed an abscess in the right parietal lobe. spinal fluid and blood cultures gave growth of salmonella enteritidis within 24 h. treatment with cefotaxime was initiated, but ceased after 3 weeks due to drug fever, and ciprofloxacin was then given orally for 4 months. after 6 months, the patient ... | 1998 | 10225404 |
| comparative physical and genetic maps of the virulence plasmids of salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium, enteritidis, choleraesuis, and dublin. | using fragment profiling, pcr, and southern hybridization, we found that salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis harbored virulence plasmids of various sizes, whereas serovars typhimurium, enteritidis, and dublin carried a plasmid of a unique size. also, the virulence plasmid of typhimurium contained genes in the same order detected in the other three plasmids, all of which contained deletions. | 1999 | 10225928 |
| [monitoring poultry production]. | | 1999 | 10231928 |
| non-typhoid salmonella infection associated with 'rose spots'. | | 1999 | 10233297 |
| reducing the risk of salmonella outbreaks. | | 1989 | 10304196 |
| comparison of methods for estimation of individual-level prevalence based on pooled samples. | we review frequentist and bayesian approaches for estimating animal-level disease prevalence using pooled samples obtained by simple random sampling. we determine the preferred approach for different prevalence scenarios and with varying knowledge about sensitivity and specificity values. when sensitivity and specificity are perfect or known, we can choose between the large-sample theory estimates and the one-to-one relationship exact estimates. when sensitivity and specificity are unknown, we m ... | 1999 | 10327439 |
| effect of ph, temperature and surface contact on the elaboration of fimbriae and flagella by salmonella serotype enteritidis. | survival of enteric pathogens exposed to various environmental stresses depends upon a number of protective responses, some of which are associated with induction of virulence determinants. flagella and fimbriae are putative virulence determinants of salmonella spp. and elisas specific for the detection of flagella and sef21, sef14 and sef17 fimbriae were used to assess the effect of temperature and ph upon their elaboration by isolates of salmonella serotype enteritidis in planktonic growth and ... | 1999 | 10334592 |
| increasing dna transfer efficiency by temporary inactivation of host restriction. | e. coli and salmonella typhimurium are widely used bacterial hosts for genetic manipulation of dna from prokaryotes and eukaryotes. introduction of foreign dna by electroporation or transduction into e. coli and salmonella is limited by host restriction of incoming dna by the recipient cells. here, we describe a simple method that temporarily inactivates host restriction, allowing high-frequency dna transfer. this technique might be readily applied to a wide range of bacteria to increase dna tra ... | 1999 | 10337482 |
| [intravascular infection caused by salmonella enteritidis]. | we report one case of salmonellosis aortitis in a 70 years old man after an episode of gastroenteritis due to salmonella enteritidis successfully resolved with extraanatomic by-pass and prolonged antibiotic administration. | 1999 | 10339846 |
| epidemiological analysis of salmonella enteritidis from human outbreaks by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | to determine the extent of genetic diversity among isolates of salmonella enteritidis obtained from outbreaks in fukuoka prefecture, japan, from 1989 to 1994, we analyzed a total of 55 isolates of s. enteritidis obtained from 13 distinct outbreaks with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. these isolates showed three different patterns in pulsed-field profile with bln i digestion. the groups a, b and c consisted of three outbreaks isolates (dice coefficient, f = 1), of seven outbreaks (f = 0.56-0.94 ... | 1999 | 10342299 |
| computer-assisted restriction endonuclease analysis of plasmid dna in field strains of salmonella enteritidis. | computer-assisted restriction endonuclease analysis of plasmid dna in field strains of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) is described. the procedure consists of plasmid dna purification, its digestion with restriction endonuclease taqi, electrophoresis, charge-coupled device camera scanning of the gels, and an analysis of the restriction patterns with the software gel manager. the system allowed us to analyse, in detail, results of plasmid profiling in more than 600 field ... | 1998 | 10347865 |
| tolerance to lps decreases macrophage g protein content. | the effects of tolerizing doses of lps on mrna and protein levels of three different g protein subunits were investigated to understand the mechanism(s) responsible for the reduction in gialpha protein content in lps tolerance. tolerance was induced in rats using salmonella enteritidis lps (intraperitoneal route) with a single dose of 100 microg/kg. peritoneal macrophages were harvested 6 and 24 h later. in some studies, a second dose of lps 500 microg/kg was given on the following day, and peri ... | 1999 | 10353538 |
| sweet's syndrome associated with salmonella enteritidis infection. | | 1999 | 10354188 |
| a mexican restaurant-associated outbreak of salmonella enteritidis type 34 infections traced to a contaminated egg farm. | in may 1996, the georgia division of public health was notified about a cluster of persons with salmonella enteritidis (se) infections in waycross, georgia. a matched pair case-control study to determine risk factors for illness found a statistically significant association of se infection with a history of having eaten at restaurant a during the 5 days before onset of illness (relative risk = 13 [95% confidence interval (ci) = 3-62, p < 0.01]). in a second case-control study, to determine speci ... | 1999 | 10355784 |
| [the role of the structural parts of bacterial lipopolysaccharide in its direct immunosuppressive activity]. | the direct immunosuppressive activity of lipopolysaccharides (lps) and their structural parts (o-chains, r-core, lipid a), obtained from salmonella, pseudomonas and burkholderia, was studied. lps preparations were extracted by the phenol-water method. structural parts of lps were obtained by acetic acid hydrolysis and gel filtration. the study demonstrated that all these preparations, when injected intraperitoneally into mice, did not affect the level of delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) to th ... | 1999 | 10356729 |
| [whipple's disease, early diagnosis, early therapy]. | the authors describe a case of whipple's disease diagnosed early during gastroduodenofibroscopy from a bioptioc specimen of the prepyloric gastric mucosa, and treated in time. the disease was complicated by superinfection with salmonella enteritidis. in the clinical picture digestive symptoms predominated, loose stools, malabsorption, loss of body weight, anaemia, skin pigmentation. after antibiotic and later chemotherapeutic treatment clinical symptoms receded and the histological finding in bi ... | 1998 | 10358468 |
| adjuvanted outer membrane protein vaccine protects poultry against infection with salmonella enteritidis. | the immunogenicity of a sonicated extract (se) and of outer membrane proteins (omp) of salmonella enteritidis was tested in birds of about 8 weeks of age. the dose, route of vaccination and the adjuvant used varied in different groups of birds. two vaccine doses with or without adjuvant were given parenterally or orally 3 weeks apart. omp vaccines gave significantly higher antibody titres than se vaccines, as indicated by elisa. the vaccines adjuvanted with oil produced higher antibody titres th ... | 1999 | 10359152 |
| salmonella enteritidis phage types 1 and 4: pheno- and genotypic epidemiology of recent outbreaks in finland. | in the 1990s, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis has caused 15 outbreaks in finland; 12 of them were caused by phage type 1 (pt1) and pt4. thus far, there has been no clear evidence as to the source of these salmonella enteritidis pt1 and pt4 strains, so it was necessary to try to characterize them further. salmonella enteritidis pt1 (n = 57) and pt4 (n = 43) isolates from different sources were analyzed by genomic pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), plasmid profiling, ... | 1999 | 10364582 |
| clinical problems of sloths (bradypus sp. and choloepus sp.) in captivity. | a 20-yr retrospective study of disease prevalence was carried out for 51 sloths (34 bradypus sp. and 17 choloepus sp.) at the são paulo zoo. a total of 81 clinical disorders were detected, including nutritional (45.7%), digestive (12.3%), and respiratory (12.3%) problems and injuries (6.1%). a definitive diagnosis was not possible in 8.6% of the cases. the incidence of disease varied according to seasonal climate (winter, 32.5%; spring, 24%; summer, 22.9%; autumn, 20.5%), time in captivity (96.4 ... | 1999 | 10367647 |
| high efficiency gene replacement in salmonella enteritidis: chimeric fimbrins containing a t-cell epitope from leishmania major. | a simple, high frequency chromosomal gene replacement method of general utility was developed for salmonella enteritidis. this system uses an unstable, imperfectly segregating, temperature-sensitive replicon, phsg415, as a carrier of the recombinant gene of interest. it also allows for site-specific replacement of chromosomal genes without the need for antibiotic resistance markers in the recombinant genes or the use of specific bacterial strains. this strategy was used to replace the chromosoma ... | 1999 | 10367948 |
| fimbriae- and flagella-mediated association with and invasion of cultured epithelial cells by salmonella enteritidis. | salmonella enteritidis expresses flagella and several finely regulated fimbriae, including sef14, sef17 and sef21 (type 1). a panel of mutants was prepared in three strains of s. enteritidis to elucidate the role of these surface appendages in the association with and invasion of cultured epithelial cells. in all assays, the naturally occurring regulatory-defective strain 27655r associated with tissue culture cells significantly more than wild-type progenitor strains la5 and s1400/94. compared w ... | 1999 | 10376817 |
| spontaneous non-typhoidal salmonella peritonitis in patients with serious underlying disorders. | non-typhoidal salmonella is a rare cause of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (sbp). non-typhoidal salmonella sbp has been reported in patients with relatively normal ascitic fluid protein levels. five patients with non-typhoidal salmonella sbp and a review of the literature are reported. these patients had chronic underlying disorders, such as malignancy, or other conditions causing immunosuppression. in previous reports, an ascitic fluid protein level above 1.5 g/dl was present in six patients ... | 1999 | 10378138 |
| rapid growth of salmonella enteritidis in egg white reconstituted from industrial egg white powder. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the consequences of the egg white-drying process on egg white ability to limit salmonella enteritidis growth in addition to the elucidation of the factors involved. we observed rapid growth of salmonella enteritidis inoculated in egg white reconstituted from industrial powder in comparison with that observed in liquid egg white collected in the laboratory: salmonella cell counts rose from 10(3) to 10(8) cells/ml of egg white from powder during 24 h incubatio ... | 1999 | 10382645 |
| [biochemical and molecular characterization of salmonella ser. enteritidis phage type 1 isolated from food poisoning outbreaks in tokyo]. | since the first outbreak in 1990, the incidence of salmonella ser. enteritidis (s. enteritidis) phage type (pt) 1 food poisoning has gradually increased in tokyo and has reached approximately 30% of the total s. enteritidis outbreaks reported. to characterise these s. enteritidis pt1 food poisoning, a total of 198 strains obtained from 44 outbreaks between 1990 and 1996 were examined for antimicrobial resistance, acid producibility from glycols (propylene and ethylene glycol) and plasmid dna pro ... | 1999 | 10386023 |
| in vitro evaluation of intracellular activity of antibiotics against non-typhoid salmonella. | non-typhoid salmonellae are the most common causative organisms of bacterial enteritis in children. clinical studies have failed to show any influence of various antibiotics on the natural course of acute salmonella enteritis. poor penetration of antibiotics into phagocytic cells that contain intracellular salmonella spp., and possible intracellular antibiotic inactivation have been considered as possible reasons for this. in this study, we used an in vitro model to assess the intracellular acti ... | 1999 | 10389647 |
| decreased corticosensitivity in quiescent crohn's disease: an ex vivo study using whole blood cell cultures. | corticosensitivity influences the degree and the duration of an inflammatory reaction by altering target cell responses to endogenous and/or exogenous glucocorticoids. indeed, different clinical responses to glucocorticoids have been observed among patients with crohn's disease, suggesting different degrees of corticosensitivity in these subjects. the purpose of this study was to compare the corticosensitivity of patients with quiescent crohn's disease to that of healthy subjects (hs). nineteen ... | 1999 | 10389698 |
| automated detection of salmonella spp. in foods. | an automated method to detect salmonellae in foods was developed and tested in food samples intentionally contaminated with the test organisms. liquid eggs, shell eggs, dry eggs, skim milk and chicken were spiked with salmonella enteritidis, s. typhimurium or s. newport to yield 2 to 25 cfu per 25 g or ml of sample. following pre-enrichment in universal pre-enrichment broth at 42 degrees c for 6 h (eggs and milk) or 16 h (chicken), salmonella cells were captured by immunomagnetic beads coated wi ... | 1999 | 10395467 |
| high intake of milk fat inhibits intestinal colonization of listeria but not of salmonella in rats. | during fat digestion, fatty acids and monoglycerides are liberated in the gastrointestinal tract. generally, these lipids are potent inhibitors of gram-positive bacteria in vitro but have less effect on gram-negative microbes. considering this, we hypothesized that increased intake of bovine milk fat would result in enhanced gastrointestinal killing of listeria monocytogenes (gram-positive) but have little effect on infection with salmonella enteritidis (gram-negative) in rats. to test this, rat ... | 1999 | 10395602 |
| structural predictions of agfa, the insoluble fimbrial subunit of salmonella thin aggregative fimbriae. | the unusually stable and multifunctional, thin aggregative fimbriae common to all salmonella spp. are principally polymers of the fimbrin subunit, agfa. agfa of salmonella enteritidis consists of two domains: a protease-sensitive, 22 amino acid residue n-terminal region and a protease-resistant, 109 residue c-terminal core. the unusual amino acid sequence of the agfa core region comprises two-, five- and tenfold internal sequence homology patterns reflected in five conserved, 18-residue tandem r ... | 1999 | 10395827 |
| [foodborne infections and food poisoning in 1997]. | in total were registered 27,922 cases of foodborne infections and intoxications in 1997 (salmonelloses of animal source, staphylococcal, botulism, other bacterial and caused by undetermined agents). morbidity amounted 72.7/100,000. in 274 outbreaks of collective illnesses (4 people and more) 4,817 cases were registered altogether. salmonella enteritidis caused 95.5% causes in outbreaks. the main vehicle of foodborne infections and intoxications in outbreaks was food prepared from raw materials o ... | 1999 | 10402856 |
| endotoxin potency in the a549 lung epithelial cell bioassay and the limulus amebocyte lysate assay. | the purpose of this study was to elucidate to what extent the potency of endotoxins measured by the limulus amebocyte lysate (lal) assay is reflected in the potency in an in vitro assay based on release of interleukin-8 (il-8) from a lung epithelial cell line, a549. lipopolysaccharides (lps) from escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, salmonella enteritidis and detoxified lps from e. coli were applied in serial dilutions in the lal assay and in the a549 bioassay. also 1 ... | 1999 | 10410971 |
| [an outbreak of salmonella enteritidis at the new year celebration of the copenhagen medical association]. | in order to determine the extent and infectious vehicle of an outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 6 at the new year celebration of the copenhagen medical association on 15 january 1999, a cohort study including 77 guests (90% of the participants) and 11 staff was carried out. there was little variation in the degree of exposure among the guests, meaning that identification of the probable infectious vehicle was not possible here. however, among the staff, intake of minced raw salmon wa ... | 1999 | 10412319 |
| comparison of two salmonella enteritidis phage typing schemes. | the comparison of two phage typing schemes for salmonella enteritidis was performed. a total of 517 strains were phage-typed according to the schemes of lalko [27] and ward et al. [21]. strains were isolated from food-poisoning outbreaks and other common sources in poland, between 1986-1995. above 99% of all strains tested were differentiated to the definitive phage type using the lalko collection of typing phages. phage types 1 and 7 (pts 1, 7) were the most isolated. the typing phages of ward ... | 1999 | 10414383 |
| salmonella infection in total hip replacement--report of successful reimplantation and review of the literature. | a case of salmonella enteritidis group c infection following total hip replacement was treated by resectional arthroplasty and appropriate antibiotics. total hip replacement with reimplantation of an antibiotic-impregnated cemented hip prosthesis was performed five months later. the postoperative course was smooth and hip function was good, without any sign of infection recurrence throughout 10 years of follow-up. the treatment protocol and clinical results are discussed along with a review of t ... | 1999 | 10418184 |
| incidence of salmonella, campylobacter jejuni, campylobacter coli, and listeria monocytogenes in poultry carcasses and different types of poultry products for sale on the belgian retail market. | from january 1997 to may 1998, 772 samples of poultry carcasses and poultry products for sale on the retail market in belgium were analyzed for the presence of salmonella spp., salmonella enteritidis, campylobacter jejuni, c. coli, and listeria monocytogenes per 100 cm2 or 25 g. poultry samples were contaminated with salmonella (36.5%), c. jejuni and c. coli (28.5%), and l. monocytogenes (38.2%). in about 12.3% of the poultry samples, the l. monocytogenes contamination level exceeded 1 cfu per g ... | 1999 | 10419264 |
| fate of escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enteritidis on currency. | the fate of foodborne pathogens escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enteritidis on coin surfaces was determined at room temperature (25 degrees c). a five-strain mixture of e. coli o157:h7 or salmonella enteritidis of approximately 5 x 10(4) cfu was applied to the surfaces of sterile u.s. coins (pennies, nickels, dimes, and quarters) and to the surfaces of two control substrata (teflon and glass coverslips). during storage at room temperature, e. coli o157:h7 survived for 7, 9, and 11 days o ... | 1999 | 10419277 |
| adherence of escherichia coli serogroup o 157 and the salmonella typhimurium mutant dt 104 to the surface of saccharomyces boulardii. | the detection of lectin sites for mannose-sensitive adhesion in the outer membrane of saccharomyces boulardii and the irreversible binding of both enteropathogenic escherichia coli (epec) and salmonellae (serovar salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis) provided the motivation to carry out further investigations to find out whether also other enteric bacteria such as entero-haemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) and the dt 104 mutant of s. typhimurium have the capacity for binding to the ... | 1999 | 10424093 |
| efficacy of salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines on horizontal transmission of s. arizonae in turkeys and s. gallinarum in chickens. | salmonella arizonae (sa) and s. gallinarum (sg) are of economic importance to international poultry production because of their pathogenesis in young poultry during the first week after hatching. previous studies from our laboratory have shown immune lymphokines (ilk) produced by s. enteritidis (se)-immunized chickens provide protection against se organ invasion in day-old chickens and turkey poults. previous studies have also demonstrated that sg organ invasion was significantly decreased by ad ... | 1999 | 10426450 |
| identification by a multiplex pcr-based assay of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis strains from environmental swabs of poultry houses. | a multiplex-pcr-based assay (m-pcr) was developed for the detection of salmonella and for the identification of the two serotypes enteritidis and typhimurium. three sets of primers selected from different genomic sequences amplified a 429 bp fragment specific for the genus salmonella within a randomly cloned sequence, a 559 bp target specific for salmonella typhimurium within the flic gene and a 312 bp fragment specific for salmonella enteritidis within the sefa gene. the m-pcr-based assay was u ... | 1999 | 10432625 |
| incidence of haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis among children less than 5 years of age in slovakia. | owing partly to a lack of disease burden data, eastern and central european countries have not introduced universal infant immunization against haemophilus influenzae type b. to determine the incidence of haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis among children less than 5 years of age, data were examined from eight districts in slovakia that formed part of a national haemophilus influenzae type b surveillance system. all invasive isolates of haemophilus influenzae type b identified from these di ... | 1999 | 10442418 |
| p-selectin and icam-1 mediate endotoxin-induced neutrophil recruitment and injury to the lung and liver. | the role of leukocyte adhesion molecules in endotoxin-induced organ injury was evaluated by administering intraperitoneal salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (lps) to wild-type (wt) mice, p-selectin-deficient mice, intercellular adhesion molecule (icam)-1-deficient mice, and p-selectin-icam-1 double-mutant mice. in wt mice, there was a sevenfold increase in the number of neutrophils present in the pulmonary vascular lavage fluid, and there were sevenfold more intracapillary neutrophils by ... | 1999 | 10444525 |
| protective effect of tyrphostin ag-556 on shock induced by endotoxin or gram positive bacteria. | the effects of tyrphostin ag-556 (tyr), a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, were evaluated on shock induced by lipopolysaccharide (lps) or group b streptococcus (gbs) in rats. mortality and mean survival time were monitored. plasma 6-keto prostaglandin f1alpha (6-keto pgf1alpha) was also measured at four hours after lps injection. the effects of tyr on the production of 6-keto pgf1alpha thromboxane b2(txb2) and nitrite (no) from lps or gbs stimulated in vitro peritoneal rat macrophage were also examine ... | 1999 | 10446890 |
| identification and molecular characterization of a novel salmonella enteritidis pathogenicity islet encoding an abc transporter. | using a newly constructed minitransposon with a phoa reporter gene in a salmonella enteritidis phon mutant, we have identified an iron- and ph-inducible lipoprotein gene sfba, which is a component of a novel abc-type transporter system required for virulence. this gene is located on a 4 kb salmonella-specific chromosomal segment, which constitutes a new pathogenicity islet. this islet encodes an outer membrane protein, ompx, and contains the operon designated sfbabc (salmonella ferric binding) e ... | 1999 | 10447888 |
| pcr-based methods for genotyping viridans group streptococci. | standard repetitive extragenic palindromic (rep)-pcr, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-pcr, and salmonella enteritidis repetitive element-pcr methods for bacterial strain typing were performed with dna extracted by boiling members of each of the currently recognized species of human viridans group streptococci. each of the methods was reproducible. the unique isolates (n = 72) from 15 species of viridans group streptococci were readily distinguishable, with no two isolates showing ... | 1999 | 10449450 |
| the role of flagella, but not fimbriae, in the adherence of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis to chick gut explant. | to gain an understanding of the role of fimbriae and flagella in the adherence and colonisation of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in chickens, an in-vitro gut adherence assay was developed and used to assess the adherence of a wild-type enteritidis strain and isogenic non-fimbriate and non-flagellate mutant strains. enteritidis strain s1400/94, a clinical isolate virulent in chickens, was shown to possess genes which encoded type 1, sef14, sef17, plasmid-encoded and long polar fimbriae ... | 1999 | 10451001 |
| inhibition of food-related pathogenic bacteria by god-transformed penicillium nalgiovense strains. | two strains of penicillium nalgiovense, which carried the god gene of aspergillus niger and had increased glucose oxidase (god) activity compared with the wild-type strain, were tested for their ability to suppress the growth of certain food-related pathogenic bacteria. in contrast to the wild type, which showed no antibacterial effect when grown in mixed culture with different bacteria, the two transformed strains were highly antagonistic. the strain that expressed higher amounts of god in gene ... | 1999 | 10456750 |
| salmonella meningitis and its complications in infants. | to review the presenting features, complications and outcome of infants with salmonella meningitis. | 1999 | 10457297 |
| virulence of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis aflagellate and afimbriate mutants in a day-old chick model. | certain fimbriae and the flagellae of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium have been shown to contribute to attachment and invasion of gut epithelium in the murine typhoid infection model and to contribute to pathogenesis in the chick. however, little is known of the role these organelles play in enteritidis poultry infections and, to study this, day-old chicks were dosed orally in separate experiments with defined multiply afimbriate and/or aflagellate mutant strains of enteritidis. the colo ... | 1999 | 10459641 |
| common source outbreak of salmonellosis in a food factory. | seventy-three employees at a food processing factory employing 2700 staff reported vomiting, diarrhoea, or abdominal pain between 30 july and 3 august 1997. salmonella enteritidis phage type (pt) 4 was isolated from 47 symptomatic cases and five asymptomatic canteen staff. the epidemic curve suggested a point exposure to a common source: 60% of cases reported illness on 31 july. an uncooked dessert containing raw shell eggs was identified as a possible vehicle of infection. caterers are reminded ... | 1999 | 10462892 |
| undercooked hens eggs remain a risk factor for sporadic salmonella enteritidis infection. | the prevalence of salmonella contamination in hens' eggs remains high. a case control study of sporadic cases of salmonella enteritidis infection in wales in 1997 confirmed the association of infection with consumption of raw or lightly cooked eggs. | 1999 | 10462901 |
| antibacterial activity of ocimum gratissimum l. essential oil. | the essential oil (eo) of ocimum gratissimum inhibited staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 0.75 mg/ml. the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics) for shigella flexineri, salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli, klebsiella sp., and proteus mirabilis were at concentrations ranging from 3 to 12 microg/ml. the endpoint was not reached for pseudomonas aeruginosa (>=24 mg/ml). the mics of the reference drugs used in this study were similar to those presented in other reports. the minimum ba ... | 1999 | 10464416 |
| provision of lactose to molting hens enhances resistance to salmonella enteritidis colonization. | older leghorn hens, more than 50 weeks of age, were divided into three groups designated 1, unmolted controls; 2, molted; or 3, molted treated with lactose. forced molt was induced by 14 days of feed removal. lactose was provided to the hens in group 3 as 2.5% (wt/vol) of the daily drinking water. each hen in all groups was challenged orally with 10(5) salmonella enteritidis (se) cells on day 7 of feed removal. the study was repeated in three replicated trials. the concentrations of acetic, prop ... | 1997 | 10465033 |