| [use of the kef-1 device for the concentration of mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | | 1986 | 2425144 |
| prevalence and specificity of the enhancing effect of three types of interleukin 2 on t cell responsiveness in 97 lepromatous leprosy patients of mixed ethnic origin. | peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 97 predominantly lepromatous leprosy patients and 11 control subjects were tested in a lymphoproliferative assay for response to mycobacterium leprae (whole and sonicated), and sonicated m. vaccae, m. tuberculosis, and m. scrofulaceum, in the presence and absence of three types of interleukin 2 (il-2) (crude, purified, and recombinant). il-2 enhanced the response to sonicated m. tuberculosis and m. leprae organisms more often in patients than in control su ... | 1986 | 2426020 |
| relationship between the tuberculin-type and jones-mote-type hypersensitivities: suppression of basophil infiltration by mycobacterial adjuvant. | guinea-pigs immunized with bovine gammaglobulin (bgg) in incomplete freund's adjuvant (ifa) showed the typical jones-mote-type hypersensitivity (jmh) reaction when tested 5 days later. this is characterized by prominent basophil infiltration. after pretreatment with complete freund's adjuvant (cfa) 16 days before immunization with bgg in ifa, the lesions resembled the jmh reaction macroscopically in their evolution over time and in the absence of a positive macrophage migration inhibition (mit) ... | 1986 | 2426184 |
| evidence for an hla-dr4-associated immune-response gene for mycobacterium tuberculosis. a clue to the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis? | antigens of mycobacterium tuberculosis, m leprae, m scrofulaceum, and m vaccae were injected intradermally in 86 caucasoid leprosy patients, and skin responses (measured in mm of induration at 72 h) were analysed in relation to hla class ii phenotypes. hla-dr4 was associated with high responsiveness to antigens specific to m tuberculosis but not to antigens shared with other mycobacteria (p = 0.0005). because dr4 is associated with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and because a role for m tuberculosis ... | 1986 | 2426542 |
| rheumatoid arthritis and tuberculosis. | | 1986 | 2426543 |
| the patterns of complex and partially purified mycobacterial antigens in macrophage migration inhibition testing. | in rabbits immunized intratarsally by m. tuberculosis, m. kansasii and m. avium the responses to homologous and heterologous antigens were assessed by direct and indirect macrophage migration inhibition tests. complex cytoplasmic antigens were obtained by disruption of bacterial mass and by ultracentrifugation of the supernatants. the partially purified antigens were prepared by gel chromatography of the complex antigens on a sephadex g 150 column. the middle fraction (260/280 ratio approx. 1, m ... | 1986 | 2426875 |
| mycobacterium bovis bcg-induced human t-cell clones from bcg-vaccinated healthy subjects: antigen specificity and lymphokine production. | a total of 121 human t-cell clones were raised from nine mycobacterium bovis bcg-vaccinated healthy individuals. three clones were autoreactive, 74 responded to bcg in the presence of antigen-presenting cells, and the others required in addition exogenous interleukin 2. only one clone was cd8+ cd4-, and the rest were cd4+ cd8-. testing with a panel of mycobacteria suggested that the clones were recognizing epitopes of varied specificity. out of 44 clones tested, 15 were specific to bcg and mycob ... | 1986 | 2427449 |
| [a simplified method of preparing and staining smears for the detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis by the luminescence method]. | | 1986 | 2427786 |
| immunological activity of a 38-kilodalton protein purified from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a 38-kilodalton (kda) protein antigen from mycobacterium tuberculosis was purified by monoclonal antibody tb71-based affinity chromatography. this molecule carries two nonoverlapping epitopes recognized by monoclonal antibodies tb71 and tb72, which are expressed substantially more strongly by m. tuberculosis than by mycobacterium bovis. however, cross-reactive determinants between these two species were revealed on the 38-kda protein by a rabbit anti-bcg serum. an immunoradiometric assay based o ... | 1986 | 2428751 |
| [use of lyophilized löwenstein-jensen culture medium for determining drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | | 1986 | 2429061 |
| [use of an immunoenzyme solid-phase method of detecting antibodies to mycobacteria for the serologic diagnosis of tuberculosis]. | | 1986 | 2431214 |
| control by h-2 genes of murine antibody responses to protein antigens of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the genetic control of antibody responses after immunization with mycobacterium tuberculosis soluble antigens was examined in inbred and h-2 congenic mouse strains. antibody levels to five distinct epitopes were determined by a competitive inhibition test using radiolabelled murine monoclonal probes. high or low responder antibody levels were associated with either the h-2b (tb23, tb71 and tb72 specificities) or the h-2k (tb68) allele on both b10 and balb backgrounds. the high response of tb78 s ... | 1986 | 2431994 |
| specificity of oligoclonal igg bands against myelin proteins in chronic relapsing eae in guinea pigs. | we showed previously by using imprint electroimmunofixation that the oligoclonal igg in sera and csf from chronic relapsing eae in guinea pigs were specific to spinal cord and mycobacterium tuberculosis. we now show that most oligoclonal igg bands are directed predominantly against isolated myelin basic protein (mbp). activity to the latter could be removed from sera or csf by absorption with mbp but not with histone or lysozyme. the oligoclonal igg reacted weakly with isolated proteolipid apopr ... | 1987 | 2433329 |
| human t cell clones recognize two abundant mycobacterium tuberculosis protein antigens expressed in escherichia coli. | human t cells reactive to mycobacterium tuberculosis were cloned from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) of four tuberculosis patients by using whole irradiated bacilli as the in vitro stimulatory agent. twenty-two t cell clones (cd4+) were tested for their reactivity to 12 different mycobacterial species and showed a distribution from limited to broad cross-reactivity. these t cell clones were also tested for their reactivity to three abundant m. tuberculosis proteins of 65, 19, and 14 k ... | 1987 | 2433335 |
| [increased efficiency in the microscopic examination demonstrating koch's bacillus using modified staining methods]. | | 1986 | 2433725 |
| a novel approach to the identification of t-cell epitopes in mycobacterium tuberculosis using human t-lymphocyte clones. | current approaches to the analysis of antigens involved in the cellular immune response to mycobacterial infection rely on the initial identification and isolation of molecular components using monoclonal antibodies. in order to overcome the constraints of this approach, we have utilized a procedure involving t-cell recognition of antigens fractionated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) and added to proliferation assays after blotting onto nitrocellulose membranes. analysis of huma ... | 1987 | 2434413 |
| separate antigenic determinants on cell wall associated carbohydrate antigens of mycobacterium leprae defined with monoclonal antibodies. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) raised against mycobacterium leprae sonicate defined two different determinants on related, cell-wall-associated, carbohydrate antigens common to m. leprae, m. bovis (bcg), and m. tuberculosis. antigen inhibition elisa and antigen capture assays demonstrated that the two antigens were present in a cell-wall fraction, m. leprae resonicate. there was species variation in the distribution of the antigens; the 4.5-6 kd antigen was more abundant in m. tuberculosis and m. ... | 1986 | 2434585 |
| t cell activation by anti-idiotypic antibody: mechanism of interaction with antigen-reactive t cells. | it has been shown that the activation of t cells by an anti-idiotypic antibody (anti-id) tb71 containing an internal image of the corresponding mycobacterial antigen (38 kda) was achieved by the interaction of anti-id tb71 with the t cell receptor complex (cd3/ti). the accessory cell requirement in this response could not be replaced by anti-id tb71 coupled to sepharose beads and was not inhibited by fc receptor blockade. when taken together with the finding that anti-id tb71-induced proliferati ... | 1987 | 2435559 |
| comparative study of immunizing and delayed hypersensitivity eliciting antigens of mycobacterium leprae, m. tuberculosis, m. vaccae, and m. bovis (bcg). | a variety of mycobacterial antigens have been associated with the delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) reactions in human beings and animals. an attempt has been made in the present study to identify the major antigen fractions of mycobacterium leprae and m. tuberculosis responsible for the elicitation of dth and to evaluate their specificity by a comparison with the antigens of two closely related mycobacteria, bcg and m. vaccae. guinea pigs and mice were sensitized with native or heat-killed m. ... | 1987 | 2435824 |
| characterization of mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen 5 epitopes by using a panel of 19 monoclonal antibodies. | antigen 5 is a 35,000-dalton protein which has been purified from culture filtrates of mycobacterium tuberculosis and shown by immunoprecipitation to be restricted in distribution to m. tuberculosis and m. bovis among 14 mycobacterial species studied. we raised 19 antigen 5-reactive monoclonal antibodies and used them to characterize epitopes of this antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoabsorbent affinity chromatography. fifteen monoclonal antibodies, all immunoglobulin m (igm) ... | 1987 | 2437147 |
| demonstration of acid-fast bacilli in sputum smears. | | 1986 | 2437209 |
| antibodies to mycobacterium tuberculosis in leprosy. | | 1987 | 2437416 |
| the identification of t cell epitopes in mycobacterium tuberculosis using human t lymphocyte clones. | | 1986 | 2437420 |
| the comparative pharmacokinetics of 3h-dihydrostreptomycin in solution and liposomal form in normal and mycobacterium tuberculosis infected mice. | in intact and tuberculous mice a comparative pharmacokinetics of 3h-dihydrostreptomycin (dhs) encapsulated into the liposomes (le) prepared from egg lecithin and soluble form of dhs (sol) after their intravenous administration has been studied. the values of the total area under the serum concentration--time curve of dhs (auc 0----infinity), administered in the le form was 8.8 times higher in normal and 5.9 times higher in mice with advanced tuberculosis than in mice treated with soluble form of ... | 1986 | 2437978 |
| antigen responsiveness during tuberculosis: regulatory interactions of t cell subpopulations and adherent cells. | previous studies from this laboratory demonstrated that adherent mononuclear cells selectively decreased in vitro tuberculin responses in some anergic patients with tuberculosis; subsequently this adherent suppressor cell was characterized as a monocyte. the current study of 41 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis examined whether t cell subpopulations also acquired antigen-specific suppressor function during mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, contributed to monocyte-mediated suppressi ... | 1987 | 2439622 |
| mapping of t cell epitopes using recombinant antigens and synthetic peptides. | two complementary approaches were used to determine the epitope specificity of clonal and polyclonal human t lymphocytes reactive with the 65-kd antigen of mycobacterium leprae. a recombinant dna sublibrary constructed from portions of the 65-kd gene was used to map t cell determinants within amino acid sequences 101-146 and 409-526. independently, potential t cell epitopes within the protein were predicted based on an empirical analysis of specific patterns in the amino acid sequence. of six pe ... | 1987 | 2440673 |
| the etiologic agents of leprosy and tuberculosis share an immunoreactive protein antigen with the vaccine strain mycobacterium bovis bcg. | the amino acid sequences of the 65-kilodalton antigens of mycobacterium leprae, mycobacterium tuberculosis, and mycobacterium bovis bcg display greater than 95% homology. | 1987 | 2440811 |
| possible existence of a novel amphipathic immunostimulator in the phenol-water extracts of mycobacteriaceae. | the extracts having diverse immunostimulating activities were obtained as a water-phase fraction from four bacterial species representing the 4 genera (mycobacterium, nocardia, gordona, and rhodococcus) of mycobacteriaceae by the phenol-water method, which is commonly used for extraction of endotoxic lipopolysaccharides (lps) from gram-negative bacteria and amphipathic substances from gram-positives. these fractions, especially those of g. aurantiaca and r. terrae, showed strong stimulatory effe ... | 1987 | 2441233 |
| histopathology of arthritis induced in rats by active immunization to mycobacterial antigens or by systemic transfer of t lymphocyte lines. a light and electron microscopic study of the articular surface using cationized ferritin. | we analyzed the histopathologic findings of arthritis in 3 rat models: adjuvant arthritis induced by active immunization to mycobacterium tuberculosis (mt) antigens, arthritis produced by passive transfer of an intrinsically arthritogenic line of anti-mt t lymphocytes, and bystander arthritis produced by intraarticular injection of a foreign antigen, ovalbumin, into rats with t lymphocyte line cells specific for the ovalbumin antigen. the histopathology of the tibiotarsal and knee joints was stu ... | 1987 | 2441710 |
| tuberculous pleural effusions. evidence for selective presence of ppd-specific t-lymphocytes at site of inflammation in the early phase of the infection. | patients with tuberculous pleural effusions may show cutaneous anergy to tuberculin purified-protein derivative (ppd). this phenomenon has been attributed either to preferential sequestration of antigen-specific t-lymphocytes to the pleural space or to the presence of suppressor monocytes in the blood. in 2 patients with primary tuberculous infection involving the pleura and with skin anergy to ppd, the in vitro proliferation of pleural and peripheral blood t-cells to ppd was evaluated. although ... | 1987 | 2443047 |
| igg subclass responses and immediate skin sensitivity in guinea-pigs with chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. | in strain-13 guinea-pigs inoculated for chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (cr-eae), igg1 and igg2 subclass antibody responses were investigated using single radial immunodiffusion and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) for igg1 and igg2 specific for whole cord, myelin, myelin basic protein and mycobacterium tuberculosis. the early acute stage revealed no increase in igg1 but was associated with increased levels of igg2 specific for neural and adjuvant components. ... | 1987 | 2443454 |
| intrinsic catalase dot blot immunoassay for identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium avium, and mycobacterium intracellulare. | the heat-labile t class of mycobacterial catalase exhibits peroxidase activity with some substrates. most species of mycobacteria produce t-catalase, which is serologically characterized by a combination of shared epitopes and unique, species-specific epitopes. antibodies to t-catalases from mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycobacterium avium, and mycobacterium intracellulare have been cross absorbed with t-catalases from heterologous species and applied as dots to nitrocellulose membranes. when the ... | 1987 | 2443531 |
| characterization of serologic and cell-mediated reactivity of a 38-kda antigen isolated from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | an antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis with an m.w. of 38,000 has been isolated by affinity chromatography using a monoclonal antibody. this antibody bound only to an antigen found in m. tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis bcg. the specificity of the antigen was tested in a vertical study by immunodetection on western blots reacted with hyperimmune sera against m. tuberculosis, m. bovis, and 10 other mycobacterium species. the antigen was detected only by antisera to m. tuberculosis and m. bo ... | 1987 | 2443566 |
| [efficacy of methods for cold staining of koch's bacillus in sputum]. | | 1987 | 2443954 |
| [laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis]. | | 1987 | 2447348 |
| dissection of adjuvant and suppressive effects of mycobacteria in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis production. | dark august rats exhibit clinically and histologically verified experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (eae) when immunized with appropriate antigen (nervous tissue, myelin basic protein) emulsified in complete freund's adjuvant (cfa). we provide evidence that 6,6'-trechalose dymicolate (tdm) incorporated in incomplete freund's adjuvant replaces cfa in eae induction. the animals that recovered from eae were resistant to the reinduction of the disease irrespectively whether mycobacterium tubercu ... | 1988 | 2448246 |
| cloning of the mycobacterial epitope recognized by t lymphocytes in adjuvant arthritis. | adjuvant arthritis (aa) is a chronic disease inducible in rats by immunization with an antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis. after the isolation of arthritogenic t-cell lines and clones, it became possible to demonstrate that the critical m. tuberculosis antigen contained an epitope cross-reactive with a self-antigen in joint cartilage. like aa rats, patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis demonstrated specific t-lymphocyte reactivity to the m. tuberculosis fraction containing the cross-re ... | 1988 | 2448638 |
| monoclonal antibodies against beta-antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis and their interspecies reactivities. | beta-antigen is one of the major proteins of mycobacterium tuberculosis. we purified this antigen from the unheated culture filtrate of mycobacterium tuberculosis aoyama b and obtained nine monoclonal antibodies against the beta-antigen. nine monoclonal antibodies were divided into two groups according to their patterns on western blotting. the result indicated the existence of two or more determinant groups against these monoclonal antibodies on the beta-antigen molecule. the interspecies react ... | 1987 | 2449891 |
| mycobacteria-reactive lyt-2+ t cell lines. | the biological activities of mycobacteria-reactive lyt-2+ t cells were characterized in vitro. t cells from mice immunized with killed mycobacterium tuberculosis or viable m. bovis were restimulated in vitro and cloned under limiting dilution conditions. several l3t4-lyt-2+ t cell lines, some of them kj16+, were established. these t cell lines were capable of lysing mycobacteria-primed macrophages in an antigen-specific way. the cytolytic activity of some t cell lines was found to be class i res ... | 1988 | 2450033 |
| hla-dr4 restricted lymphocyte proliferation to a mycobacterium tuberculosis extract in rheumatoid arthritis and healthy subjects. | the ability of an antigenic extract of mycobacterium tuberculosis to induce proliferation of pmbc from rheumatoid arthritis (ra) patients and normal controls was examined. the subjects were further classified as bearing or not bearing the hla-dr4 phenotype, since this specificity is regarded as a genetic determinant commonly associated with ra. the mycobacterial extract induced significantly higher proliferative responses in lymphocytes from all hla-dr4 positive as compared to hla-dr4 negative s ... | 1988 | 2450134 |
| generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies to 28-, 35-, and 65-kilodalton proteins of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | three monoclonal antibodies (h60.15, h61.3, and h105.10) directed to protein antigens of mycobacterium tuberculosis were obtained and characterized. h60.15 recognizes a protein with a molecular mass of 28 kilodaltons (kda) with broad cross-reactivity on a panel of 12 species and strains of mycobacteria. h61.3 reacts with a 35-kda protein present in m. tuberculosis, mycobacterium bovis bcg, and m. africanum. on the basis of the antigen molecular masses and competition experiments with other monoc ... | 1988 | 2451641 |
| isolation and characterization of recombinant lambda gt11 bacteriophages expressing eight different mycobacterial antigens of potential immunological relevance. | a genomic lambda gt11 dna library of mycobacterium tuberculosis was screened for expression of mycobacterial protein antigens with murine monoclonal antibodies. the reactivity patterns of the monoclonal antibodies ranged from those showing a limited interspecies reactivity to antibodies widely cross-reactive among different mycobacterial species. twelve recombinant bacteriophages were isolated, containing eight mycobacterial genes (paa, pab, pac, pad, paea, paeb, pafa, and pafb) encoding protein ... | 1988 | 2451643 |
| establishment of tuberculous antigen-specific t cell line and its effect on hepatic granuloma formation in bcg-infected nude mice. | | 1988 | 2452269 |
| attempts to characterize the mechanisms involved in mycobacterial growth inhibition by gamma-interferon-activated bone marrow macrophages. | bone marrow-derived murine macrophages are able to inhibit the growth of mycobacterium bovis and of some strains of m. tuberculosis after stimulation with either recombinant gamma interferon (rifn-gamma) or lymphokines from antigen-specific t-cell clones. to elucidate the mechanism(s) involved in antimycobacterial activity, macrophages were infected with m. bovis in the presence of agents thought to influence the antimicrobial effects of phagocytes. scavengers of toxic oxygen metabolites failed ... | 1988 | 2453466 |
| use of recombinant antigens expressed in escherichia coli k-12 to map b-cell and t-cell epitopes on the immunodominant 65-kilodalton protein of mycobacterium bovis bcg. | in gene libraries of mycobacterium bovis bcg, mycobacterium tuberculosis, and mycobacterium leprae, recombinants were frequently encountered that expressed an immunodominant 65-kilodalton (kda) protein antigen that was shown to react with a high proportion of mycobacterium-reactive human and murine t cells and murine monoclonal antibodies. in this study, recombinant antigens were used to map t-cell and b-cell epitopes on the m. bovis bcg 65-kda protein that was previously designated mbaa. four d ... | 1988 | 2453469 |
| chest roentgenogram in pulmonary tuberculosis. new data on an old test. | the utility of routine admission chest roentgenograms (cxrs) was evaluated in detecting pulmonary tuberculosis and the relationship between roentgenographic patterns and the likelihood of finding acid-fast bacilli (afb) on sputum smear. of 58 patients whose chief complaints were unrelated to pulmonary tuberculosis, the cxr suggested tuberculosis in 52 cases (90 percent). in 45 cases, the emergency room physician failed to elicit the patient's respiratory symptoms and did not consider tuberculosi ... | 1988 | 2456183 |
| synovial fluid t cell reactivity against 65 kd heat shock protein of mycobacteria in early chronic arthritis. | the in vitro proliferative response against a recombinant 65 kd mycobacterium bovis protein that has 100% homology with the 65 kd protein of m tuberculosis was tested in synovial fluid and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (ra) and other types of chronic arthritis. an acetone precipitate (ap) of m tuberculosis, and a purified protein derivative (ppd) of m tuberculosis were also tested. responsiveness of synovial fluid lymphocytes to the mycobacterial anti ... | 1988 | 2457140 |
| [comparative characterization of nutrient media used for differentiation of m. bovis and m. tuberculosis]. | | 1988 | 2457731 |
| molecular-genetic evidence for the relationship of mycobacterium leprae to slow-growing pathogenic mycobacteria. | a total of 1170 nucleotides of the 16s rrna from mycobacterium leprae were compared to the homologous regions of m. tuberculosis, m. bovis vallée, m. avium, m. scrofulaceum, m. phlei, m. fortuitum and one representative each of the genera corynebacterium, nocardia, and rhodococcus. homology values were calculated and a phylogenetic tree was constructed from the evolutionary distance values. despite differences in dna g + c content and genome size, m. leprae is a true member of the slow-growing p ... | 1988 | 2458422 |
| [morphology of the changed forms of mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | | 1988 | 2458587 |
| evidence that the mitsuda reaction to mycobacterium leprae can be mediated by lymphocytes responsive to mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a positive mitsuda skin test for delayed type hypersensitivity to mycobacterium leprae is associated with a high level of protection against lepromatous leprosy, while the value of tuberculin sensitivity in leprosy is less pronounced. cutaneous lymphocytes, isolated from the mitsuda reaction of a ppd-positive individual not previously exposed to m. leprae, were cloned with dharmendra lepromin and analysed for antigen specificity. thirteen lepromin-responsive cell lines were derived, with greater ... | 1988 | 2458870 |
| epitopes of the mycobacterium tuberculosis 65-kilodalton protein antigen as recognized by human t cells. | a synthetic peptide approach has been used to identify the epitopes recognized by clonal and polyclonal human t cells reactive to the recombinant mycobacterial 65-kda protein ag. three of the four epitopes identified were recognized as cross-reactive between mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium leprae, although their amino acid sequence in two of three cases was not identical. the peptide (231-245) defining an epitope recognized as specific to the m. tuberculosis complex contains two sub ... | 1988 | 2459228 |
| the self, the world and autoimmunity. | | 1988 | 2459772 |
| mic as a quantitative measurement of the susceptibility of mycobacterium avium strains to seven antituberculosis drugs. | mics of isoniazid, rifampin, ethionamide, streptomycin, amikacin, kanamycin, and capreomycin were determined for mycobacterium avium complex strains by two methods: broth dilution in 7h12 medium radiometrically and agar dilution on 7h10 agar plates. the broth-determined mics of all drugs with the exception of isoniazid were two to eight times lower than the agar-determined mics for most of the tested m. avium strains, which is probably due to the higher absorption and degradation of the drugs in ... | 1988 | 2461162 |
| purified protein derivative induced cytotoxicity in carcinomatous and tuberculous pleurisy. | we have found that natural killer (nk) cells were very active in pleural effusions containing mycobacterium tuberculosis. cytotoxicity against k562 and raji was augmented when the mononuclear cells were cocultured for 18 hr with purified protein derivative (ppd) derived from m. tuberculosis culture supernatants. in pleural effusions of cancer patients, ppd-activated mononuclear cells were less cytotoxic than their counterparts in peripheral blood. however, in the same patients, interferon and in ... | 1988 | 2461459 |
| humoral response to defined epitopes of tubercle bacilli in adult pulmonary and child tuberculosis. | in order to investigate the humoral response to tuberculosis in different categories of patients, serum antibody levels to six epitopes of mycobacterium tuberculosis in adult pulmonary and child tuberculosis were determined. serum antibody titres were determined by competitive inhibition with radio-labelled murine monoclonal antibodies in 67 adults and 85 children with tuberculosis and in 79 age-matched controls. bcg vaccination (n = 39) and self-healed tuberculosis (n = 11) in adults gave rise ... | 1988 | 2461861 |
| [experience in examining sputum for mycobacterium tuberculosis using a bacterioscopic method in laboratories of a regional general medical network]. | | 1988 | 2462099 |
| t cell responses of normal individuals towards recombinant protein antigens of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | recombinant beta-galactosidase fusion proteins from mycobacterium tuberculosis were purified by affinity chromatography and used for stimulation of unselected t lymphocytes freshly isolated from healthy individuals. it was found that the 12-kda, 19-kda, 65-kda and 71-kda recombinant (r) proteins tested stimulated t cells from healthy individuals in an antigen-specific way. these data demonstrate that it is feasible to screen purified r-proteins with unselected t cell populations. the existence o ... | 1988 | 2462503 |
| demonstration of antigen-specific t cells and histopathological alterations in mice experimentally inoculated with borrelia burgdorferi. | antigen-specific t-cell responses and histopathological changes were studied in mice experimentally inoculated with borrelia burgdorferi b31. inbred mice with different h-2 haplotypes and/or different genetic backgrounds were inoculated with b. burgdorferi organisms and tested for antigen-specific t-cell responses in vivo (delayed-type hypersensitivity [dth]) and in vitro (t-cell proliferation). comparable dth responses were found after inoculation with either inactivated (in the presence of adj ... | 1989 | 2462540 |
| the immunology of tuberculous pleurisy. | tuberculous pleurisy results when a subpleural nodule discharges mycobacterial antigens into the pleural space of a hypersensitive host. the clinical syndrome is a reflection of an in situ delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in which plasma proteins are exuded into the pleural space and t-helper cells accumulate, proliferate, and produce, and release inflammatory mediators. the immune response initially contains the local infection, but in the absence of therapy, the host is at great risk of ... | 1988 | 2463656 |
| autoantibody responses in the cerebrospinal fluid of guinea pigs with chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. | we report the use of the elisa technique to measure igg specific for whole cord, myelin, myelin basic protein and mycobacterium tuberculosis in the cerebrospinal fluid (csf) of strain 13 guinea pigs in different stages of chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (cr-eae). specific antibody levels to all 4 antigen preparations were related to the severity of clinical signs, with the highest levels of igg in the csf of guinea pigs in relapse or in stable chronic disease. total igg ... | 1988 | 2464268 |
| compartmentalization of a cd4+ t lymphocyte subpopulation in tuberculous pleuritis. | the study of t lymphocytes from pleural fluid and tissue of patients with tuberculous pleuritis provides an opportunity to evaluate the human immune response to infection at the site of disease activity. therefore, we investigated the phenotype and function of cd4+ pleural fluid cells from patients with tuberculous pleuritis. pleural fluid was enriched with cd4+cdw29+ t lymphocytes, which are thought to represent "memory" t cells. immunoperoxidase staining of pleural tissue confirmed the predomi ... | 1989 | 2464638 |
| association of tuberculosis and m. tuberculosis-specific antibody levels with hla. | in the search for hla-linked immune response genes that control susceptibility to tuberculosis, we performed hla typing and measured antibody titers to well-defined mycobacterium tuberculosis antigenic determinants in 101 patients with sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis and 64 healthy controls from surabaya, indonesia. hla-dr2 and dqw1 were associated with sputum smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (attributable risk = 36% and 39%, respectively), while dqw3 was associated even more s ... | 1989 | 2464654 |
| monoclonal antibodies produced in balb.b10 mice define new antigenic determinants in culture filtrate preparations of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a panel of monoclonal antibodies were derived from balb.b10 mice immunized with a culture filtrate from mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv. of these antibodies, 10 were examined more closely for antigen specificity and interspecies reactivity. six antibodies were used as immunosorbents for affinity purification of their corresponding antigens. two monoclonal antibodies (hbt 2 and hbt 11) reacted with a 17-kilodalton antigen, and a competition assay showed that these antibodies are directed against ... | 1988 | 2466047 |
| evidence for a highly conserved, immunoreactive lipid in mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a survey of the fractionated lipids of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv was conducted using rabbit antiserum raised to homologous and heterologous mycobacteria. one minor, highly apolar lipid was resolved by florisil column chromatography, which reacted preferentially to anti-m. tuberculosis h37rv rabbit antibodies. other chromatographic properties, i.e., thin-layer chromatographic mobility and staining properties, suggested an analog of the phenolic glycolipid of mycobacterium leprae. prelimina ... | 1989 | 2466430 |
| specificity of antibodies to immunodominant mycobacterial antigens in pulmonary tuberculosis. | a serological survey was performed in groups of patients with active sputum smear-positive or smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis, healthy household contacts, and controls. sera were tested for titers of antibodies which bound to each of five purified mycobacterial antigens by enzyme immunoassay and for competition of binding to single epitopes, using six radiolabeled monoclonal antibodies directed toward corresponding molecules. the evaluation of diagnostic specificity was based on a positive ... | 1988 | 2466869 |
| use of an antigen-capture assay for characterisation of monoclonal antibodies to mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan. | monoclonal antibodies directed to six separate antigen molecules of mycobacterium leprae have been tested in an antigen-capture assay based on combined use of polyclonal ("capture") and monoclonal ("detector") antibody reagents. this approach provides a potentially versatile, sensitive and specific assay for detection and relative quantitation of m. leprae antigens. characterisation of monoclonal antibodies to mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan (lam-b) by the antigen-capture assay indicates that so ... | 1989 | 2467001 |
| analysis of mycobacterium tuberculosis genoma and production of a recombinant protein containing specific b and t cell antigenic determinants--new approaches to second generation antituberculosis vaccines. | tuberculosis is still a major health problem in almost all over the world. thus, new directions in basic and applied research of tuberculosis are under investigation in several laboratories. in this paper, we provide recent data obtained in our laboratory with the recombinant dna technology which allow a systematic survey of the microbial genome. screening of the m. tuberculosis genomic dna library in the phage lambda gt11 expression vector, using e. coli as surrogate host, has evidenced the pos ... | 1989 | 2467445 |
| structure of mycobacteria: recent developments in defining cell wall carbohydrates and proteins. | work from this laboratory on the immunogens of mycobacterium species has focused on those based on carbohydrates (with a view to the development of specific tools for the serodiagnosis of mycobacterioses) and on the cell-wall proteins, as a source of protective immunity and as a means of observing specific delayed-type hypersensitivity. most mycobacteria are endowed with specific, highly antigenic glycolipids that are powerful for the serodiagnosis of individual mycobacterial infections: e.g., t ... | 1989 | 2469120 |
| immunologic aspects of mycobacterial infections. | immunosuppressive mechanisms loom as important factors in depression of delayed-type hypersensitivity responses during active tuberculosis. nonspecific suppression may be mediated by circulating immune complexes containing mycobacterial polysaccharides such as d-arabino-d-galactan. the mechanism of suppression involves activation of monocyte production of immunosuppressive prostaglandin e2. peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with tuberculosis include increased numbers of monocytes ... | 1989 | 2469122 |
| the generation of guinea pig t-cell lines reactive to antigens from mycobacterium tuberculosis. selected lines induce erythematous skin reactions. | we describe methods for the development and partial characterization of antigen-specific t-cell lines from the guinea pig, which is the classical experimental animal in tuberculosis research. t cells were obtained from strain 2 guinea pigs immunized with bcg vaccine or with killed mycobacterium tuberculosis in oil. t-cell lines were obtained from limited dilution cloning of antigen-stimulated, blast-enriched lymphocyte cultures. the lines were grown with weekly reseedings in the alternating abse ... | 1989 | 2470134 |
| in vivo monoclonal antibody treatment with ox19 (anti-rat cd5) causes disease relapse and terminates p2-induced immunospecific tolerance in experimental allergic neuritis. | the role of cd5+ lymphocytes in the recovery phase and on immunospecific protection against experimental allergic neuritis (ean) was examined in lewis rats by in vivo treatment with ox19, a mouse anti-rat cd5 monoclonal antibody. animals pretreated with the peripheral nerve basic protein p2 and thereby rendered resistant to the disease showed clinical signs of ean after intraperitoneal (i.p.) ox19 injection given at the same time as the rechallenge with neuritogenic doses of myelin in freund's c ... | 1989 | 2470777 |
| [correlation of the results of bacterioscopy and examination by culture in demonstrating koch's bacillus in specimens with few bacilli]. | | 1988 | 2471241 |
| control of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by t cells responding to activated t cells. | t cell vaccination against experimental autoimmune disease is herein shown to be mediated in part by anti-ergotypic t cells, t cells that recognize and respond to the state of activation of other t cells. the anti-ergotypic response thus combines with the previously shown anti-idiotypic t cell response to regulate autoimmunity. | 1989 | 2471264 |
| immunogenicity of ribonucleic acid-protein fraction of mycobacterium tuberculosis encapsulated in liposomes. | immunologically potent rna-protein extracted from mycobacterium tuberculosis strain h37ra, when entrapped in phosphatidylcholine multilamellar liposomes and injected into mice, induced both cellular and humoral immune responses. significant protection against infection with m. tuberculosis h37rv was also induced in the immunised mice, as monitored by (i) higher survival rates, (ii) decreased viable counts of m. tuberculosis h37rv in lungs, livers and spleens, (iii) lower lung density, and (iv) l ... | 1989 | 2471834 |
| specificity of mycobacterium tuberculosis phenolic glycolipid (pgl-tb1) antiserum. | the specificity of mycobacterium tuberculosis anti-pgl-tb1 antiserum prepared in rabbits was evaluated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. it was found that the antiserum immunoreacted with its homologous antigen but not with purified phenolic glycolipids from m. bovis bcg (mycoside b), m. kansasii (mycoside a), m. leprae (pgl-i) or m. marinum (mycoside g). the analysis of chloroform/methanol extracts from 15 strains of m. tuberculosis showed that all formed the antigen except the type stra ... | 1988 | 2472828 |
| [a comparison of the sorption capability and standardization of plates of different shapes for immunoenzyme analysis]. | the sorption characteristics of elisa plates manufactured by the moscow and leningrad plants and by some foreign firms are compared. sorption activities and standard specifications of the plates for chemically heterogeneous antigens like ovalbumin or shigella sonnei lipopolysaccharides and for complex antigens like mycobacterium tuberculosis or s. sonnei ribosomal fractions have been examined. sorption activities of the plates varied in tests with different antigens. the sorption activity and th ... | 1989 | 2473268 |
| [a modification of sauton's liquid nutrient medium for cultivating mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | | 1989 | 2473274 |
| [comparative study of 2 staining methods in the follow-up of negative sputums in pulmonary tuberculosis]. | | 1988 | 2473508 |
| the reliability of acid fast stained smears of gastric aspirate specimens. | a 23-year retrospective study of acid fast stains of unconcentrated gastric aspirate specimens revealed a specificity of 99% and a sensitivity of 30%. all positive smears were from patients with culture-proven mycobacterial disease. although the sensitivity is low, a positive smear allows a significantly earlier identification of patients with mycobacterial infections when compared to culture. | 1988 | 2474217 |
| monoclonal antibodies to 33 kd protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis with varying epitope specificities. | five mouse monoclonal antibodies (mcab) 5d2, 5d5, 5f9, 3a8 and 3f2 against mycobacterium tuberculosis (m. tb) 33 kd protein have been produced. all the mcabs except one were of igg1, whereas the 3f2 was of igm isotype. the elisa and immunoblotting analysis show that 5d2, 5d5 and 5f9 are reactive to only 33 kd protein whereas 3a8 and 3f2 are also cross reactive to 29 kd and 29 kd + 64 kd respectively. elisa inhibition assays using peroxidase labelled respective mcabs show that 5d2 and 5d5 recogni ... | 1989 | 2475004 |
| activity of fce 20696, a new synthetic immunomodulator, in models of viral and bacterial pathology. | the dibenzopyran derivative fce 20696 is an immunomodulator which protects mice infected with several viral agents and with mycobacterium tuberculosis. the compound is able to decrease the severity of the lung lesions caused by influenza virus infection. doses ranging from 12.5 to 100 mg/kg are effective even after a single administration. activity is demonstrated by intraperitoneal, subcutaneous and oral administration of the drug. in systemic infection with herpes simplex virus type 1, the 100 ... | 1989 | 2475454 |
| improved staining of leprosy bacilli in tissues. | a technique which reliably demonstrates mycobacterium leprae, m. tuberculosis and fungi in tissues is described. it is based on the oxidation of cell wall lipid substances by chromic or periodic acid, and the subsequent release of aldehydes which are then capable of reducing ammoniacal silver salt solutions to metallic silver. the organisms so demonstrated appear uniformly solid. the sensitivity of the method and the ease of examination and recognition of bacilli and their products are recommend ... | 1989 | 2475732 |
| the mycobacterial groel stress protein: a common target of t-cell recognition in infection and autoimmunity. | the 65 kd protein of mycobacteria is an immunodominant antigen for both t and b lymphocytes. sequence analysis has revealed that this protein belongs to the highly conserved family of stress proteins, related to the groel gene product of e. coli, that are present in all cells from bacteria to man. we demonstrate here that human t cells from healthy individuals and disease sites are able to recognize determinants within the 65 kd protein that are either specific for m. tuberculosis or are conserv ... | 1989 | 2476144 |
| structure of mycobacterial antigens. | | 1988 | 2476193 |
| the mapping of epitopes of the 18-kda protein of mycobacterium leprae recognized by murine t cells in a proliferation assay. | the 18-kda protein of mycobacterium leprae was purified from recombinant plasmids pul108 and pml-3 grown in saccharomyces cerevisiae and escherichia coli, respectively. significant lymphoproliferative responses were observed when t cells from immunized mice were challenged in culture with purified 18-kda protein. synthetic peptides have been prepared that span most of the 148 amino acid residues that constitute the sequence of the 18-kda protein and used to map epitopes recognized by t cells. wh ... | 1989 | 2476491 |
| drug resistance of mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated from treated patients in pakistan. | an investigation was carried out to establish the extent of drug resistance among treated patients. a sample population of patients living in lahore, pakistan, which is a high prevalence area for tuberculosis, was studied. the total of 256 culture-positive cases in this study were divided into three groups according to the length of previous treatment. there was no significant difference in the antituberculosis treatment regimens or the drug resistance pattern among the three groups. all the pat ... | 1989 | 2476880 |
| comparison of bactericidal activities of streptomycin, amikacin, kanamycin, and capreomycin against mycobacterium avium and m. tuberculosis. | the bactericidal activities of four injectable antituberculosis drugs, streptomycin, amikacin, kanamycin, and capreomycin, against mycobacterium avium and m. tuberculosis were tested. all four drugs were highly bactericidal against m. tuberculosis, with low mbc/mic ratios and mbcs significantly lower than the maximum achievalbe concentrations in serum (cmax). in contrast, all four drugs had very low bactericidal activities against m. avium: the broth-determined mbcs were significantly higher tha ... | 1989 | 2478073 |
| a 38-kd mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen associated with infection. its isolation and serologic evaluation. | to identify antigens that could be specifically associated with tuberculosis infection, the antibody response to mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and of healthy individuals were compared by immunoblot. in healthy individuals, serum antibodies were found in the majority of cases. bands of 60 and 32-31 kilodaltons (kd) were the antigens more frequently recognized by antibodies of normal sera (55.8 and 64.7%, respectively). in patients with pulmonary tuber ... | 1989 | 2478322 |
| identification, isolation and partial characterization of mycobacterium tuberculosis glycoprotein antigens. | in mycobacterium tuberculosis culture filtrates, three concanavalin a (cona)-binding bands of 55, 50 and 38 kilodaltons (kd) were identified by labelling blotted proteins with a cona-peroxidase conjugate. binding was inhibited by the competitor sugar alpha-methyl mannoside and by reduction with sodium m-periodate. bands of 55, 50 and 38 kd stained with coomasie blue were sensitive to digestion with proteases, thus indicating that they are proteins. glycoproteins were isolated by lectin affinity ... | 1989 | 2478323 |
| antigenic specificity of rheumatoid synovial fluid lymphocytes. | the majority of rheumatoid arthritis (ra) synovial fluid lymphocytes (sfl) demonstrate markers that are suggestive of prior activation. while the mechanism(s) responsible is unknown, prior studies have suggested that certain mycobacterium tuberculosis (mt) antigens may preferentially activate sfl in vitro. we therefore examined the ability of ra sfl to respond to purified protein derivative and an acetone-precipitable mt antigenic complex (ap-mt) and compared this with the responses by periphera ... | 1989 | 2479386 |
| growth of some mycobacterial strains in 7h12 middlebrook liquid medium in the presence of auramine. | the action of auramine on the growth of some mycobacterial strains in 7h12 middlebrook liquid medium as well as the interaction between auramine and calf thymus dna were investigated. it was concluded that the inhibitory effect of auramine on the growth of some mycobacterial strains belonging to the tb complex or mott bacilli is the result of a double mechanism: interaction of auramine with mycolic acid and interaction between the dye and the mycobacterial dna. | 1989 | 2479969 |
| [mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens]. | | 1989 | 2480594 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of the 10 kda antigen gene of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the gene encoding a major protein antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis has been cloned and sequenced using oligonucleotide probes derived from the n-terminal sequence of the analogous protein from mycobacterium bovis bcg. the gene analysis revealed a sequence encoding a protein of 99 amino acid residues, with a molecular mass of 10.7 kda. computer prediction suggests that the protein contains three t-cell-determined epitopes (of which one has been demonstrated experimentally) and three b-cell-d ... | 1989 | 2480990 |
| cell-mediated immunity to mycobacteria: a double-sided sword? | mycobacteria are intracellular pathogens capable of replicating in resting macrophages. specific helper t lymphocytes which activate antimycobacterial capacities in infected macrophages represent an important constituent of acquired resistance. in addition, cytolytic t lymphocytes may contribute to resistance. on the other hand, lysis of infected host cells may also comprise autoaggressive consequences. recent evidence suggest that t cells with specificity for mycobacterial heat shock proteins a ... | 1989 | 2481876 |
| the mycobacterial 65 kd heat-shock protein and autoimmune arthritis. | arthritis - induced experimentally in rats by immunization with mycobacteria has been shown to depend on specific t cell recognition of an epitope present on the mycobacterial 65-kd heat-shock protein. this particular epitope has been observed to have a structural mimicry with a cartilage-associated molecule present in the joints. since the bacterial heat-shock proteins and the cartilage-associated molecules are of a conserved nature, one might infer from the experimental model that in humans si ... | 1989 | 2481877 |
| [antitubercular antibodies to antigens of various molecular weights in patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis]. | antibodies were determined in 72 tuberculous patients and 27 healthy donors using enzyme immunoassay (eia) and immunoblotting (ib). it was shown that the levels of the antibodies to bcg and h37rv sonicates were lower in the patients with disseminated tuberculosis than in the patients with fibrocavernous or infiltrative tuberculosis. significant differences in the antibody spectra in the patients with different forms of tuberculosis were also shown. thus, in the patients with disseminated tubercu ... | 1989 | 2482489 |
| leprosy and tuberculosis vaccine design. | tuberculosis and leprosy are bacillary infectious diseases which cause severe global health problems with approximately 50 to 60 million people suffering from tuberculosis and 10 to 15 million from leprosy. in the developing countries the currently available vaccine, bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) was found to be less effective than originally thought. this disappointment, as well as recent achievements in biotechnology, has led several researchers to embark on novel avenues towards a rational va ... | 1989 | 2482532 |
| cross-reactivity of mycobacterium leprae and m. tuberculosis and the implications for assessment of in vitro t cell function in leprosy patients. | the cross-reactivity in vitro between mycobacterium leprae and m. tuberculosis was studied in 41 aboriginal australians with leprosy, 78 uninfected contacts of leprosy patients and 38 control individuals. a vigorous t cell response to epitopes cross-reactive between these two mycobacteria was found for healthy uninfected contacts or non-contacts (controls) of leprosy patients, but not for the patients themselves. the data suggest that a vaccine based on antigen shared between m. leprae and other ... | 1989 | 2482558 |
| relationship between radiological classification and the serological and haematological features of untreated pulmonary tuberculosis in indonesia. | immunological and metabolic responses were studied in 110 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis and 32 healthy controls from similar socioeconomic backgrounds. the severity of lung involvement was assessed radiologically, but this was not related to the current features of cell mediated immunity or to those of many aspects of the serological response to mycobacterium tuberculosis. however, the patients with more extensive pulmonary tuberculosis showed higher titres of igg2 antibod ... | 1989 | 2482564 |