| immunocytochemical localization of cathepsin b in rat kidney. ii. electron microscopic study using the protein a-gold technique. | thin sections of lowicryl k4m-embedded materials were labeled with protein a-gold complex. gold particles representing the antigen sites for cathepsin b were exclusively confined to lysosomes of each segment of the nephron. the heaviest labeling was noted in the lysosomes of the s1 segment of the proximal tubules. labeling intensity varied considerably with the individual lysosomes. lysosomes of the other tubular segments, such as the s2 and s3 segments of the proximal tubules, distal convoluted ... | 1986 | 3519753 |
| the relation between production of cytotoxin and clinical features in shigellosis. | the relation between in vitro production of hela cell cytotoxin by strains of shigella and clinical symptomatology was determined for 35 travelers from the united states who developed shigellosis in guadalajara, mexico. there were 25 patients with shigella sonnei, eight with shigella flexneri, one with shigella boydii, and one with shigella dysenteriae. these strains were evaluated for in vitro production of cytotoxin. the amount of cytotoxin did not correlate with the number of stools passed, t ... | 1986 | 3519788 |
| [dynamics of shigella interaction with the epithelium in the infection process]. | the study of the adhesion of shigella flexneri to intestinal mucosal explants from human postabortion fetuses, used as an experimental model, has revealed that the process of interaction between the infective agent and the epithelium develops in accordance with langmuir's equation of the adsorption isotherm. the specific biological feature of the adhesive interaction between bacteria and the mucous membrane is the fact that the effective adhesion of microbes is possible only in case of their hig ... | 1986 | 3521158 |
| control of shigella flexneri in celebes black macaques (macaca nigra). | stool specimens collected systematically from a group of celebes black macaques (macaca nigra) with a high incidence of diarrhea were examined microbiologically. numerous isolates of shigella flexneri, campylobacter jejuni and pathogenic escherichia coli were recovered. previous parasitology reports had revealed that the majority of the animals had balantidium coli. subsequently, the group was treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, erythromycin and tetracycline. after treatment, shigella fl ... | 1986 | 3523037 |
| [biochemical properties of shigella flexneri and their practical significance]. | as the result of the study of 921 s. flexneri strains 1-6 and 4 (iv: 7,8), isolated in 31 regions of the ussr in 1975-1984, their biochemical characterization by 33 tests was made. all the strains under study proved to be typical in most of their constant signs, only some of strains 2a showed deviations in mannitol and some of strains 4a, in acetate. in strains of serovar 6, circulating in the ussr, specific features with respect to dulcitol and xylose were noted. the possibility of the biochemi ... | 1986 | 3524079 |
| [characteristics of the tissue population cycle of shigellae]. | in experiments on human fetal intestinal explants infected with shigellae the specific multiplication rate of these infective agents, found to be 0.026, and the maximum level of their accumulation in erythrocytes, reaching 22-36 microbes per cell, have been determined. these phenomena can be observed after at least 3-hour incubation and end in the release of the infective agents from the affected area with shedding epithelial elements (villi). shigellae, aggregated in the shed villi easily adher ... | 1986 | 3524080 |
| [natural population migration and the dysentery epidemic process]. | the complex analysis of materials obtained in different regions and territories of the far east makes it possible to establish that the natural migration of population affects dysentery morbidity by enhancing the susceptibility of human population to this infection. the internal mechanisms of the influence exerted on morbidity by the natural migration of population is disclosed from the viewpoint of the theory of the self regulation of the epidemic process. | 1986 | 3524082 |
| [multiple imaging procedures including mri in bladder cancer]. | endoscopic photography, double contrast cystography, transurethral echography, x-ray ct scan, and mri (magnetic resonance imaging) were utilized for the staging diagnosis of the four patients with carcinoma of the bladder. in the first case, a 70-year-old man, since all of the five imaging procedures suggested a superficial and pedunculated tumor, his bladder cancer was considered t1. the classification of stage t3 carcinoma was made for the second 86-year-old male. because all of his imaging ex ... | 1986 | 3524152 |
| midbrain lesions, dopamine and male sexual behavior. | destruction of the medial preoptic area (mpoa) eliminates mating in male rats and this region is believed to play a major role in the control of male sexual behavior. efferents from the mpoa pass through and/or terminate in 4 midbrain regions: the dorsolateral tegmentum (dlt), the central gray, and the a9 and a10 areas. the present study reports the effects of bilateral destruction of each of these midbrain regions on brain catecholamines and sexual behavior in male rats. dlt lesions eliminated ... | 1986 | 3524604 |
| a genetic determinant required for continuous reinfection of adjacent cells on large plasmid in s. flexneri 2a. | we have identified a region (virg) on the 230 kb virulence plasmid of s. flexneri that is required for cell-to-cell spread of the bacterium. tn5 insertions into this region result in avirulent mutants that can initially invade and multiply in epithelial cells, but tend to lose active movement and tend to localize within the cytoplasm, where they are gradually extinguished without infecting adjacent cells. the virg region was localized to within 4 kb and may contain a single cistron. sequences hy ... | 1986 | 3524856 |
| crp genes of shigella flexneri, salmonella typhimurium, and escherichia coli. | the complete nucleotide sequences of the salmonella typhimurium lt2 and shigella flexneri 2b crp genes were determined and compared with those of the escherichia coli k-12 crp gene. the shigella flexneri gene was almost like the e. coli crp gene, with only four silent base pair changes. the s. typhimurium and e. coli crp genes presented a higher degree of divergence in their nucleotide sequence with 77 changes, but the corresponding amino acid sequences presented only one amino acid difference. ... | 1986 | 3525518 |
| hemodynamics of the legs and clinical symptoms following regional blocks for transurethral surgery. | in a prospective clinical study we compared the hemodynamics and clinical symptoms following regional blocks and general anesthesia. 115 patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate were randomized to spinal (n = 62) and epidural (n = 53) blocks. an additional 10 patients received general anesthesia. calf arterial flow, determined by strain gauge plethysmography (sgp), was similar pre- and postoperatively in the regional block groups but decreased in the general anesthesia group ( ... | 1986 | 3527712 |
| [effect of dichroa febrifuga l. on chloroquinsensible and chloroquinresistant malaria parasites]. | | 1986 | 3528514 |
| comparative histochemical distribution of nerve fibres storing noradrenaline and neuropeptide y (npy) in human ovary, fallopian tube, and uterus. | nerves containing noradrenaline were studied by formaldehyde-induced fluorescence and neuropeptide y (npy) was visualised by immunohistochemistry in the human ovary, fallopian tube and uterus. all structures were richly supplied with noradrenergic fibres closely associated with the vascular and non-vascular smooth musculature. npy-containing nerve terminals were consistently fewer, particularly in the ovary. the best developed nerve supply was found in the tubal isthmus and uterine cervix. vesse ... | 1986 | 3528701 |
| age-related changes in tissue metabolic rates and sensitivity to insulin in the chicken. | in vitro metabolic studies were conducted with tissues from broiler pullets at 4, 8, and 12 weeks of age. in order to accurately assess plasma insulin at each of these ages, blood samples were withdrawn via indwelling venous catheters at 30-min intervals for 6 hr, and plasma was assayed by a homologous chicken insulin (cins) radioimmunoassay. birds (n = 6) were sacrificed 24 hr following blood sampling and livers, hearts, and abdominal fat pads removed for metabolic studies. tissue slices of rem ... | 1986 | 3529070 |
| [effect of immunization with an enterobacterial vaccine on the rate of plating out of shigella from the intestinal mucosa of mice orally infected]. | the oral and subcutaneous immunization of mice with the vaccine prepared from s. minnesota strain r595, chemotype re, known as enterobacterial vaccine, was found to significantly decrease the number of shigellae in cultures obtained by the inoculation of homogenized mucosal samples taken from the large intestine of mice, the vaccine prepared from s. minnesota isogeneous strain sf 1111 with the intact structure of lipopolysaccharide had no such activity. antisera, obtained by the immunization of ... | 1986 | 3529760 |
| [intrahepatic cholestasis due to shigella in an infant]. | | 1986 | 3530915 |
| comparison of dna probes and the sereny test for identification of invasive shigella and escherichia coli strains. | forty-two shigella and 29 escherichia coli strains were screened for invasiveness in the sereny test and for hybridization with two recently described dna probes for the invasiveness plasmid. both probes produced identical results. all sereny-positive strains hybridized with both dna probes. three sereny-negative strains also hybridized with the probes, suggesting that there are strains containing the invasiveness plasmid that are not pathogenic in animal models. | 1986 | 3531233 |
| characterization of shigella flexneri-specific murine monoclonal antibodies by chemically defined glycoconjugates. | chemically defined glycoconjugates are demonstrated to have considerable potential for selecting hybridoma antibodies directed toward o-antigenic determinants, especially when used in combination with a panel of well-characterized lps molecules. monoclonal antibodies specific for the shigella flexneri o-antigens of serogroup 5b, variants x and y, were generated after immunization of balb/c mice with killed bacterial cells, and active hybrids were selected on the basis of elisa performed with the ... | 1986 | 3531329 |
| [phagocytizing blood cells in dysentery]. | | 1986 | 3532361 |
| [detection of immunosuppression factors in shigella sonnei]. | a factor, making noninvasive shigellae and other bacteria capable of suppressing immunological memory and secondary immune response manifested as delayed hypersensitivity, has been detected in the germ-free filtrates of the broth cultures of invasive s. sonnei. | 1986 | 3532643 |
| [general and local reactions in the proteolytic system during the development of experimental pneumonia]. | proteolytic enzymes and their inhibitors were studied in the serum and bronchoalveolar lavage of rats with acute and chronic experimental pulmonary inflammation. an increase in the inhibitory potential of the blood serum and bronchoalveolar lavage at the acute stage of inflammation was shown. at the chronic stage of pulmonary inflammation the level of the main inhibitors decreased to normal or zero values in the blood and lavage fluid, respectively. it was observed that alpha 1-proteinase inhibi ... | 1986 | 3533173 |
| epidemic reiter's syndrome following an outbreak of shigellosis. | we prospectively studied the occurrence of reiter's syndrome (rs) or reactive arthritis (rea) in 205 of 349 cruise-ship passengers who attended a buffet ashore and developed shigella flexneri 2a enteritis. five passengers probably had rs/rea and 16 were possible or doubtful cases of rs/rea. hla-b27 was identified in 4 of 5 probable rs cases, but was not present in any of the 16 possible or doubtful cases nor in any of 20 passengers (controls) without any symptoms of rs/rea. there was no statisti ... | 1986 | 3533609 |
| lack of serologically defined arthritogenic shigella flexneri cell envelope antigens in post-dysenteric arthritis. | post-dysenteric or reactive arthritis (rea) is closely associated with hla-b27. this histocompatibility antigen is heterogeneous and consists of 2 serologically defined variants: b27m1+m2+ and b27m1+m2-. this paper gives a qualitative evaluation of the antibodies present in the sera of 62 patients with dysentery due to shigella flexneri 2a, a known arthritogenic bacterium. the patients were classified in 4 groups: b27m1+m2+rea+ (n = 5), b27m1+m2+rea- (n = 7); b27m1+m2-rea- (n = 1); b27-rea- (n = ... | 1986 | 3533766 |
| enzyme immunoassay for detection of salmonella in foods: collaborative study. | a collaborative study was performed in 25 laboratories to validate an enzyme immunoassay (eia) procedure utilizing 2 specific monoclonal antibodies for rapid detection of salmonella in foods. the eia was compared with the standard culture procedure for detection of salmonella in 6 food types: ground black pepper, soy isolate, dried whole eggs, milk chocolate, nonfat dry milk, and raw deboned turkey. uninoculated and inoculated samples were included in each food group analyzed, with the exception ... | 1986 | 3533896 |
| [evaluation of the antibiotic sensitivity of pseudomonas sp. using the api-atb-pse system. comparison with diffusion and the reference agar dilution method]. | in vitro activity of twelve antibiotics (ticarcillin, mezlocillin, azlocillin, piperacillin, cefoperazone, cefsulodin, ceftazidime, gentamicin, netilmicin, pefloxacin and ciprofloxacin) was determined by measuring minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) using agar dilution according to who recommendations, agar diffusion and the api-atb-pse system. one-hundred and forty-two pseudomonas strains were studied. five species of pseudomonas were represented, i.e. aeruginosa, maltophilia, cepacia, stu ... | 1986 | 3534715 |
| serogroup frequency and drug sensitivity of shigella strains encountered at the university hospital of the west indies. | | 1986 | 3535257 |
| shigella dysenteriae type 1 enterocolitis. | shigella dysenteriae type 1 is much more virulent than shigella flexneri and sonnei which are endemic in australia. this report describes a 22 year old woman who acquired shigella dysenteriae type 1 whilst travelling in india. during the course of her illness, she developed severe enterocolitis for which a subtotal colectomy was performed. the illness resembled fulminant ulcerative colitis and its infectious nature was difficult to establish because several fecal cultures failed to grow the path ... | 1986 | 3535768 |
| interleukin-1 (22-k factor) induces release of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating activity from human mononuclear phagocytes. | an electrophoretically pure preparation of natural human interleukin-1 (il-1) was shown to stimulate in vitro colony formation in human bone marrow cultures. day 4 myeloid cluster-forming cells (cfc), as well as early (day 7) and late (day 10) granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming units (cfu-gm) were stimulated in a dose-dependent fashion. at optimal concentrations of il-1, the number of day 4 cfc reached 72%, the number of day 7 cfu-gm reached 32%, and the number of day 10 cfu-gm reached 80% of ... | 1986 | 3535928 |
| studies on the mechanics of the normal human middle ear. | the middle ear was studied in temporal bone preparations using a laser-doppler interferometer. for measurements at a sound level of 80 db spl this method proved to be very reliable, as was shown by good reproducibility of results in experiments over more than 6 hours. the vibrations of the tympanic membrane and stapes footplate were studied from 200 hz to 10 khz and the results demonstrate a piston-like movement of the stapes footplate up to 120 db spl. the damping effect of the normal ear is lo ... | 1986 | 3536194 |
| widal-type serology using live antigen for diagnosis of shigella flexneri dysentery. | | 1986 | 3536499 |
| salmonella/microsome mutagenicity tests of heat-processed milk samples. | samples of whole milk were heat treated by commercial heat-sterilization, by commercial heat-pasteurization or by a laboratory heat-pasteurization (65 degrees c for 30 min). each sample was tested for mutagenicity in salmonella typhimurium strains ta98 and ta100 with and without s-9 mix. dichloromethane extracts of milk heated at 100, 135 and 150 degrees c for 5 hr were also tested for mutagenicity using the same assay. none of these samples exhibited mutagenicity in the ames assay used. | 1986 | 3536696 |
| secretory immunoglobulin a response following peroral priming and challenge with shigella flexneri lacking the 140-megadalton virulence plasmid. | this study evaluates the ability of noninvasive shigella spp., lacking the 140-megadalton virulence plasmid, to elicit a mucosal immunoglobulin a immune response in the intestine. for these studies, we used shigella flexneri m4243a1 (which lacks the plasmid and is sereny test negative) to prime and challenge three groups of rabbits perorally. both primary and immunoglobulin a memory responses were detectable in these secretions. these findings indicate that a mucosal memory response can be prime ... | 1986 | 3536753 |
| a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for the determination of igm and igg antibodies against translation products of pre-s1 and pre-s2 regions of hepatitis b virus. | the envelope of hepatitis b virus is coded for by pre-s1, pre-s2 regions and the s gene. a method was developed to determine antibody to the product of pre-s1 region (anti-pre-s1) and antibody to the product of pre-s2 region (anti-pre-s2), either of igm or igg class, by a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. for the determination of anti-pre-s1, tubular particles containing translation products of pre-s1, pre-s2 regions and the s gene were broken into constituent envelope polypeptides and immobilized ... | 1986 | 3537138 |
| a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay for the determination of igm and igg antibodies against translation products of pre-s1 and pre-s2 regions of hepatitis b virus. | the envelope of hepatitis b virus is coded for by pre-s1, pre-s2 regions and the s gene. a method was developed to determine antibody to the product of pre-s1 region (anti-pre-s1) and antibody to the product of pre-s2 region (anti-pre-s2), either of igm or igg class, by a solid-phase enzyme immunoassay. for the determination of anti-pre-s1, tubular particles containing translation products of pre-s1, pre-s2 regions and the s gene were broken into constituent envelope polypeptides and immobilized ... | 1986 | 3537138 |
| production of shiga toxin and other cytotoxins by serogroups of shigella. | we measured the cytotoxic activity of 119 strains of shigella by using a quantitative [3h]thymidine-labeled hela cell assay. we assayed 13 strains of shigella dysenteriae 1; 18 strains of s. dysenteriae types 2 and 3; and 88 strains of shigella sonnei, shigella flexneri, and shigella boydii. strains of s. dysenteriae 1 demonstrated high levels of cytotoxicity (geometric mean, 10(5.04) cd50/mg of protein; range, 10(3.95)-10(6.10). cytotoxic activities of the non-type 1 strains of s. dysenteriae a ... | 1986 | 3537154 |
| surface hydrophobicity of plasmid-carrying virulent shigella flexneri and their avirulent variants. | five pairs of strains of s. flexneri each differing in the colour of their colonies after growth on congo red agar have been tested for their ability to cause keratoconjunctivitis in the guinea pig eye, for the presence of the 140 md virulence plasmid, for the presence of the virulence marker antigen, and for their ability to adsorb to hydrophobic surfaces (cellulose nitrate filters and phenyl sepharose). the results suggest that the presence of the 140 md virulence plasmid provides the bacteria ... | 1986 | 3537274 |
| modelling of dna sedimentation profiles from irradiated eukaryotic cells. | a simple mathematical model of dsb distributions in dna from irradiated interphase eukaryotic cells is considered and an approximate description of resulting dna sedimentation profiles is derived. the model takes into account the differences found between the radiosensitivities of heterochromatin and euchromatin and is based, contrary to the usual approach, on a non-homogeneous distribution of dsb in eukaryotic dna. comparison with some experimental dna sedimentation profiles prefers the propose ... | 1986 | 3537531 |
| phenotypic characterization of the thymus microenvironment study of the human thymus architecture. | phenotypic characterization of the human thymic microenvironment shows the heterogeneity of the epithelial component. using monoclonal antibody l191, we define here a new antigen common to the flat epithelial cells lining up the thymic capsule and septum, stellate epithelial cells from the subcapsular area and the medulla (m), but lacking on stellate epithelial cells from the inner cortex. thus, this cell population can be characterized by a series of antigens (te-4 and p19--shared with htlv--pr ... | 1986 | 3541301 |
| [ultrastructural study of intestinal bacteria grown on endo- and levine-type nutrient media based on nonfood raw materials]. | the comparative electron-microscopic study of several test strains (salmonella typhi h-901, shigella flexneri la 8516, and escherichia coli 055) grown in experimental endo and levine media prepared on the basis of raw materials unsuitable for human consumption and in commonly used similar media prepared on the basis of sprat hydrolysate has shown the test strains grown in media containing aminopeptide and fodder yeast hydrolysate to retain their typical ultrastructure, which confirms the possibi ... | 1986 | 3541464 |
| [characteristics of erythrocyte diagnostic agents studied using optical methods]. | the quantitative characterization of erythrocyte diagnosticums (ed) has been made by optical methods (light microscopy with the use of an image analyzer, model magiscan 2, and the opacity spectrum technique). the following parameters of ed have been determined: the average of the major axis (5.25 +/- 0.57 micron for ed from shigella sonnei and 5.53 +/- 0.50 micron for ed from shigella flexneri), the ratio of semiaxes (p approximately equal to 3), the major axis length distribution, the refractiv ... | 1986 | 3541465 |
| [chromosomal changes in patients with acute dysentery and their relation to immunologic shifts]. | the correlation between the dynamics of the occurrence of the class of lymphocytes without chromosomal associations and with two associating acrocentric chromosomes (cl0 + 2) and the course of the disease, as well as the development of immunity in patients with acute dysentery, has been detected. the positive correlation between the occurrence of cl0 + 2 and cell-mediated immunity reactions presupposes the possibility of using this cytogenetic characteristic for evaluating the cell-mediated immu ... | 1986 | 3541467 |
| [bacteriological study of shigellosis in the lake kivu area (central africa). developments in the last 15 years (1968-1983)]. | 1913 shigella strains were isolated from 1968 to 1983 in lake kivu area (central africa). distribution and evolution of serotypes, biotypes and antibiotypes were studied. the majority of serotypes and biotypes were stable. however, few of these strains showed variations, among them shigella dysenteriae serotype 1, causing epidemic dysenteriae since 1981. epidemiologic survey of shigellosis in kivu seems to be rather underdeveloped (4 bacteriology laboratories for an area of 10 million inhabitant ... | 1986 | 3542256 |
| interaction of the formed elements of blood with the coronary vasculature in vivo. | considerable attention is being given to the interactions that occur among blood platelets, neutrophils, and the vascular endothelium. there is an increasing awareness that the various blood elements interact in the process of thrombus formation and vascular occlusion. in addition, interactions among these cells can lead to the formation and release of vasoactive substances that have the potential to modulate regional blood flow. this review focuses on the coronary vascular bed and an assessment ... | 1987 | 3542578 |
| expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms in regenerating myotubes of innervated and denervated chicken pectoral muscle. | monoclonal antibodies were prepared to stage-specific chicken pectoral muscle myosin heavy chain isoforms. from comparison of serial sections reacted with these antibodies, the myosin heavy chain isoform composition of individual myofibers was determined in denervated pectoral muscle and in regenerating myotubes that developed following cold injury of normal and denervated muscle. it was found that the neonatal myosin heavy chain reappeared in most myofibers following denervation of the pectoral ... | 1987 | 3542634 |
| cloning of genes from members of the family enterobacteriaceae with mini-mu bacteriophage containing plasmid replicons. | an in vivo cloning system that uses derivatives of the escherichia coli bacteriophage mu with plasmid replicons has been extended to five different species of the family enterobacteriaceae. mu and these mini-mu replicon elements were introduced into strains of e. coli, shigella flexneri, salmonella typhimurium, citrobacter freundii, and proteus mirabilis by infection, by transformation, or by conjugation with newly constructed broad-host-range plasmids containing insertions of these elements. ly ... | 1987 | 3542967 |
| phosphorylation, glycosylation, and proteolytic activity of the 52-kd estrogen-induced protein secreted by mcf7 cells. | we have studied the posttranslational modifications of the 52-kd protein, an estrogen-regulated autocrine mitogen secreted by several human breast cancer cells in culture (westley, b., and h. rochefort, 1980, cell, 20:353-362). the secreted 52-kd protein was found to be phosphorylated mostly (94%) on high-mannose n-linked oligosaccharide chains, and mannose-6-phosphate signals were identified. the phosphate signal was totally removed by alkaline phosphatase hydrolysis. the secreted 52-kd protein ... | 1987 | 3543022 |
| phosphorylation, glycosylation, and proteolytic activity of the 52-kd estrogen-induced protein secreted by mcf7 cells. | we have studied the posttranslational modifications of the 52-kd protein, an estrogen-regulated autocrine mitogen secreted by several human breast cancer cells in culture (westley, b., and h. rochefort, 1980, cell, 20:353-362). the secreted 52-kd protein was found to be phosphorylated mostly (94%) on high-mannose n-linked oligosaccharide chains, and mannose-6-phosphate signals were identified. the phosphate signal was totally removed by alkaline phosphatase hydrolysis. the secreted 52-kd protein ... | 1987 | 3543022 |
| shigellosis in bangladesh. | | 1987 | 3543150 |
| a cytosolic protein contains a cryptic mitochondrial targeting signal. | cytosolic dihydrofolate reductase from mouse contains a cryptic mitochondrial targeting sequence. if this sequence is attached to the amino terminus of 'passenger' proteins which by themselves cannot enter mitochondria, the resulting fusion proteins are transported into yeast mitochondria. | 1987 | 3543689 |
| convulsions in childhood shigellosis. clinical and laboratory features in 153 children. | we studied 153 children who experienced convulsions associated with shigellosis. the male-female ratio was 1.2:1.0. thirty-six children had a previous history of febrile convulsions, and 31 children had a family history of convulsive disorder. most of the children were 0.5 to 3 years of age, although 49 (32%) were older than 3 years of age and 20 (13.1%) were older than 5 years of age. all children were febrile; in 75% of the children, the temperature was over 39 degrees c. the majority of the c ... | 1987 | 3544808 |
| plasmid-mediated early killing of eucaryotic cells by shigella flexneri as studied by infection of j774 macrophages. | in shigella flexneri a 220-kilobase plasmid encodes the ability to invade nonprofessional phagocytes by a mechanism similar to phagocytosis. in this report, the continuous macrophage cell line j774 was used to study the intracellular fate of both invasive and noninvasive strains. pwr100, the virulence plasmid of s. flexneri serotype 5, mediated very efficient and rapid killing of j774 macrophages, as measured by cellular detachment and uptake of trypan blue. for this to occur, the bacteria had t ... | 1987 | 3546130 |
| [evaluation of vaccinal immunogenesis by the peroxidase method]. | the possibility of evaluating functional immunomorphogenesis in the course of the vaccinal process after the injection of conjugated and live brucellosis vaccines, as well as conjugated plague antigen and yersinia pestis strain ev, to guinea pigs has been shown by means of the direct and two-layer variants of the immunoperoxidase assay. the dynamics of the accumulation of globulin-producing cells in the immunocompetent organs and the time course of immunoglobulin titers in the peripheral blood a ... | 1986 | 3548171 |
| biochemical and functional characterization of the rat liver glucose-transport system. comparisons with the adipocyte glucose-transport system. | the properties of the glucose-transport systems in rat adipocytes and hepatocytes were compared in cells prepared from the same animals. hormones and other agents which cause a large stimulation of 3-o-methylglucose transport in adipocytes were without acute effect in hepatocytes. hepatocytes displayed a lower affinity for 3-o-methylglucose (20 mm) and alternative substrates than adipocytes (6 mm), whereas inhibitor affinities were similar in both cell types. the concentration and distribution o ... | 1986 | 3548706 |
| local and systemic antibody responses to shigella infection in rhesus monkeys. | | 1987 | 3549918 |
| [isolation and characteristics of shigella antigens during the course of dysentery]. | in 2,436 fecal samples and 1,272 urinary samples taken from 633 patients with dysentery caused by s. flexneri, s. newcastle and s. sonnei, shigella antigens were detected by means of the passive hemagglutination test with antibody diagnostic agents and the antibody neutralization test. the antigen-binding activity of shigellae in urine dynamically increased in the course of dysentery. the comparison of the parallel results of both serological tests made it possible to evaluate the dispersion of ... | 1987 | 3551415 |
| antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (bw a509u). | the thymidine analog 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (bw a509u; azidothymidine [azt]) had potent bactericidal activity against many members of the family enterobacteriaceae, including strains of escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, klebsiella pneumoniae, shigella flexneri, and enterobacter aerogenes. azt also had bactericidal activity against vibrio cholerae and the fish pathogen vibrio anguillarum. azt had no activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa, gram-positive bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, m ... | 1987 | 3551832 |
| failure of klebsiella pneumoniae antibodies to cross-react with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with ankylosing spondylitis. | cross-reactivity between antibodies to 2 strains of klebsiella pneumoniae (k43 and f77) and the peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with ankylosing spondylitis (as) was examined in 3 separate antibody binding and cytotoxicity assays. using k pneumoniae antisera in a chromium release cytotoxicity assay, we found no difference in the reactions of cells from as patients and those from control subjects. this result contrasts with the results of previous studies. similarly, using an enzyme-linke ... | 1987 | 3551965 |
| localization of melanotropin-like peptides in the central nervous system of two insect species, the migratory locust, locusta migratoria, and the fleshfly, sarcophaga bullata. | by use of well characterized antisera in the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method, we were able to demonstrate alpha msh and beta msh immunoreactive cells and nerve fibres within the nervous system of adults and larvae of locusta migratoria and 3-, 5- and 8-day-old adult sarcophaga bullata. in neither of these insect species, any immunoreaction was obtained with a gamma 3msh-antiserum. double immunohistochemical stainings revealed that alpha msh-like and beta msh-like substances are located in diffe ... | 1987 | 3552238 |
| dirofilaria immitis: identification and characterization of circulating parasite antigens. | a method for the identification of circulating parasite antigens in filarial nematode infections was developed using canine infections with dirofilaria immitis as a model. filarial antigens ranging in molecular weight from 211 to 13 kda were extracted from the sera of microfilaremic dogs by a solid phase immunobinding procedure and identified by immunostaining of western blots. a major antigen of 104 kda was selected for further characterization. the 104 kda circulating antigen showed antigenic ... | 1987 | 3552713 |
| congo red binding phenotype is associated with hemin binding and increased infectivity of shigella flexneri in the hela cell model. | wild-type isolates of shigella flexneri bind the dye congo red from solid media, thus producing red (crb+) colonies. mutants which fail to bind the dye produce white colonies (crb-) and are avirulent in a variety of systems. in s. flexneri the ability to bind congo red correlates with the ability to bind hemin and protoporphyrin ix. binding of hemin by crb+ s. flexneri was observed both in solid media and in liquid assays. results of competition experiments suggest that congo red and hemin bind ... | 1987 | 3553000 |
| pathology as it relates to ear surgery. vi. cochlear implantation. | the surgical anatomy and pathology of the cochlea have been reviewed in relation to cochlear implant surgery. animal experimentation, as well as human temporal bone studies, have shown that the implant electrodes were well tolerated by the cochlea. the possible chemical and mechanical trauma induced by the electrodes can be avoided by better choice of shape, size, length and material of the implants. long-term electrical stimulation did not seem to cause any deleterious effects on the neuronal p ... | 1987 | 3553399 |
| the use of rodent models in assessing antimicrobial activity against mycobacterium leprae. | | 1986 | 3553807 |
| limited in vitro multiplication of mycobacterium leprae: application to screening potential antileprosy compounds. | | 1986 | 3553808 |
| hmp-shunt and cholesterol metabolism in experimental models involving normal and preneoplastic liver growth. | previous studies from our laboratories have shown a stimulation of hmp-shunt, cholesterol metabolism and dna synthesis during cell proliferation. in order to understand the co-ordinated regulation of these pathways during cell growth, the above metabolic pathways were studied in: liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy, lead-induced liver hyperplasia, liver cell proliferation induced by insulin in streptozotocin-diabetic rats, liver cell proliferation in fasted rats after refeeding and, hep ... | 1987 | 3554466 |
| shigellosis in the south-western cape of good hope 1968-85. | during the period 1968-85 shigella organisms were isolated from stool specimens of 1562 patients attending tygerberg hospital, situated in the south-western province of the cape of good hope of the republic of south africa. shigella flexneri (72% of patients) was the commonest subgroup identified. sh. sonnei was the second-commonest isolate (20%), with smaller numbers of sh. boydii (5%) and sh. dysenteriae (3%). sh. dysenteriae has not been isolated since 1979. in 1985 30% of isolates were resis ... | 1987 | 3556443 |
| voluntary hyperventilation changes recruitment order of parasternal intercostal motor units. | the order of recruitment of single-motor units in parasternal intercostal muscles during inspiration was studied in normal human subjects during quiet breathing and voluntary hyperventilation. electromyograms were recorded from the second and third intercostal spaces by means of bipolar fine wire electrodes. flow at the mouth, volume, end-expired co2, and rib cage and abdominal anterior-posterior diameters were monitored. single-motor units were identified using criteria of amplitude and shape, ... | 1987 | 3558179 |
| optimization of freezing, storage, and thawing conditions for the preparation of metabolically active synaptosomes from frozen rat and human brain. | samples of rat and human cerebral cortex were frozen, stored, and thawed under a variety of conditions to define further the optimal procedure for storing human brain samples for subsequent metabolic and functional studies that use incubated synaptosomes. tissue samples were best preserved by immersing them in isotonic sucrose prior to slow freezing, but there was no advantage in first chopping up the material. high concentrations of sucrose, rather than exerting a cryoprotective effect, were de ... | 1986 | 3561893 |
| [proliferative activity of experimental brain tumors]. | the method of autoradiography was used to study the parameters of the cell cycle and the intensity of proliferative processes in three transplantable rat brain tumors differing in the duration of the latent period and sensitivity to chemotherapy. the tumors were found to be similar in the duration of the cell cycle and its phases, the mean values of the label index and growth fraction, and were characterized by the irregularity of the proliferative processes within the tumor; the label index was ... | 1987 | 3564792 |
| [mechanisms of tumorigenesis]. | in the etiology of human cancers mutational events, selective amplification of specific cellular sequences after treatment of cells with chemical and physical carcinogens, and viruses are discussed. in cancers of the anogenital tract it appears that these as well as possibly additional human cancers are caused by the persistence of specific viral genes and the failure of an intracellular surveillance system for such genes. the modification of host cell genes should primarily result from interact ... | 1987 | 3566871 |
| an examination of ciliary neuronotrophic factors from avian and rodent tissue extracts using a blot and culture technique. | we have previously reported a technique for determining the apparent molecular weight (mr) of ciliary neuronotrophic factors (cntfs) in crude extracts. this method involves sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the extract. western blotting and culture of purified ciliary ganglion neurons on the paper containing the blotted lane. neurons will survive only if in direct contact with the trophic factor band and the surviving neurons, when stained with a vital dye, will outline the cntf band the ... | 1987 | 3567656 |
| an examination of ciliary neuronotrophic factors from avian and rodent tissue extracts using a blot and culture technique. | we have previously reported a technique for determining the apparent molecular weight (mr) of ciliary neuronotrophic factors (cntfs) in crude extracts. this method involves sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the extract. western blotting and culture of purified ciliary ganglion neurons on the paper containing the blotted lane. neurons will survive only if in direct contact with the trophic factor band and the surviving neurons, when stained with a vital dye, will outline the cntf band the ... | 1987 | 3567656 |
| target cues are not required for the guidance of sympathetic preganglionic axons. | the patterns of preganglionic projections in the avian sympathetic system are highly specific. preganglionic axons arising from the t1 spinal segment, for example, project predominantly in the rostral direction, whereas t4 preganglionic axons project predominantly in the caudal direction. moreover, each ganglion receives projections from a distinct set of spinal cord segments. these patterns are established during embryonic life and are correct from the outset. in this study, i have examined the ... | 1987 | 3567660 |
| target cues are not required for the guidance of sympathetic preganglionic axons. | the patterns of preganglionic projections in the avian sympathetic system are highly specific. preganglionic axons arising from the t1 spinal segment, for example, project predominantly in the rostral direction, whereas t4 preganglionic axons project predominantly in the caudal direction. moreover, each ganglion receives projections from a distinct set of spinal cord segments. these patterns are established during embryonic life and are correct from the outset. in this study, i have examined the ... | 1987 | 3567660 |
| comparisons of time intervals and plasma lh concentrations during the ovulatory cycle of broiler breeder hens maintained under either a 24 h light:dark cycle or continuous light. | the possibility that egg production in broiler breeder hens may be increased by selection for reduced oviposition interval under continuous light was investigated by comparing the pattern of pre-ovulatory releases of plasma luteinising hormone (lh) and the associated ovipositions in the same broiler hens maintained under normal cycles (15.25 h light/d) or continuous light. the lighting conditions had no effect on plasma concentrations of lh before and at the pre-ovulatory lh peak in first, mid-s ... | 1987 | 3567681 |
| comparisons of time intervals and plasma lh concentrations during the ovulatory cycle of broiler breeder hens maintained under either a 24 h light:dark cycle or continuous light. | the possibility that egg production in broiler breeder hens may be increased by selection for reduced oviposition interval under continuous light was investigated by comparing the pattern of pre-ovulatory releases of plasma luteinising hormone (lh) and the associated ovipositions in the same broiler hens maintained under normal cycles (15.25 h light/d) or continuous light. the lighting conditions had no effect on plasma concentrations of lh before and at the pre-ovulatory lh peak in first, mid-s ... | 1987 | 3567681 |
| effects of d,l-propranolol on apomorphine induced stereotyped behavior in rats. | the effects of d,l propranolol on stereotyped behavior induced by apomorphine administration was studied quantitatively. d,l propranolol caused a 2.5 leftward displacement of the control dose-response curve constructed to apomorphine-induced stereotypy; the ed50 for apomorphine was reduced from 1.87 +/- 0.38 to 0.74 +/- 0.17. the potentiation was dependent on both d,l-propranolol and apomorphine doses. results are discussed in the light of a possible interference of the central noradrenergic sys ... | 1987 | 3569842 |
| toxicity of methotrexate in rheumatoid arthritis. | seventy-two patients with rheumatoid arthritis had been treated with pulse weekly oral methotrexate with a mean followup of one year. minor side effects (oral ulcers, transient elevation of liver enzymes, nausea, vomiting) were present in 46 patients (63.8%), whereas major side effects (severe infection, cytopenia, respiratory failure, seizures, gastrointestinal bleeding) were present in 7 (9.7%), 2 of whom died. patients with major side effects had shorter disease duration and increased frequen ... | 1987 | 3572937 |
| respiratory failure and lethal hypotension due to blue-ringed octopus and tetrodotoxin envenomation observed and counteracted in animal models. | the effects of crude blue-ringed octopus venom gland extract and tetrodotoxin (ttx) on anaesthetised rats and rabbits were studied. paralysis of the respiratory musculature causing anoxia and cyanosis was overcome with positive, artificial respiration. the second lethal mechanism of the toxins: rapid and severe hypotension, had to be counteracted peripherally, since neural transmission had been drastically reduced by the toxins. noradrenaline, d-amphetamine, phenylephrine and methoxamine, agonis ... | 1986 | 3573123 |
| further improvement of high-speed nmr flow-velocity measurement using a differential phase-encoding technique. | an nmr imaging technique applicable to high-velocity flow imaging is described. by subtraction of two phase images obtained by varying the flow-encoding gradient, it is possible to extract much larger ranges of velocity components. this differential phase-encoding technique is tested by experiments in a phantom as well as a human volunteer. | 1987 | 3574062 |
| [evaluation of the usefulness of routine serologic tests in the diagnosis of human brucellosis in the current epidemiologic situation]. | | 1986 | 3575762 |
| angiostrongylus cantonensis infection in ampullarius canaliculatus (lamarck) in kyushu, japan. | ampullarius canaliculatus is a large fresh-water snail of which the original habitat is said to be argentina. recently, the snail which grew wild has propagated in various parts of japan, and is causing damage to aquatic plants by feeding on them. the present study was performed to find out whether the snail can be a suitable intermediate host for angiostrongylus cantonensis. natural infection with a. cantonensis was confirmed in the snails collected from 5 different places in 4 hamlets in okina ... | 1986 | 3576290 |
| cerebrovascular response to intracranial hypertension. | pial arterial and venous calibre changes during intracranial hypertension were studied in 11 cats under barbiturate- and nitrous oxide-anaesthesia by using a closed cranial window technique and multichannel videoangiometry. intracranial pressure was elevated from a normal mean level of 6.4 mm hg by cisternal infusion of mock csf in steps to 20, 30, 40, 50 mm hg and finally to the level of systolic pressure. pial arteries dilated significantly, small ones more than large ones, by 42 +/- 5.6% and ... | 1987 | 3577856 |
| definition of subclasses of adenosine receptors associated with adenylate cyclase: interaction of adenosine analogs with inhibitory a1 receptors and stimulatory a2 receptors. | the structure-activity relationships of 63 adenosine analogs as agonists for the a1 adenosine receptors that mediate inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity in rat fat cells and for the a2 adenosine receptors that mediate stimulation of adenylate cyclase in rat pheochromocytoma pc12 cells and human platelets were determined. the lack of correspondence between the structure-activity relationships of these analogs at the a1 and a2 receptors appear definitive in terms of establishing the existence ... | 1987 | 3580959 |
| physiologic and biochemical effects of immobilization on muscle. | muscle strength rapidly declines during limb immobilization because of a decrease in muscle size and a decrease in tension per unit of muscle cross-sectional area. muscle fatigability also increases rapidly after limb immobilization. muscles within limbs fixed by plaster casts have lower levels of resting glycogen and adenosine triphosphate (atp), a more rapid depletion of muscle glycogen and atp during work, a greater increase in lactate during work, and a decreased capacity to oxidize fatty ac ... | 1987 | 3581565 |
| visual and oculomotor function in optic chiasma-sectioned rabbits. | anatomical and physiological findings indicate that the crossed optic fibres of the rabbit have a crucial role in binocular vision. in order to directly examine the visual functions of the uncrossed fibre system, a technique of sectioning the optic chiasma midsagitally was developed. both normal and chiasma-sectioned rabbits were tested on a variety of visual discrimination tasks as well as such oculomotor control functions as the optokinetic and vestibulo-ocular reflexes. following transection ... | 1987 | 3582536 |
| the connections of the peripeduncular area studied by retrograde and anterograde transport in the rat. | lying just ventral to the medial geniculate nucleus and dorsal to the cerebral peduncle, the peripeduncular area (ppa) seems to be implicated in the expression of several sexual reflexes in rodents. the aim of the present investigation was to establish the organization of the afferent and efferent projections of the rat's ppa in an attempt to provide a neural substrate corresponding to the behavioral observations. based on both retrograde and anterograde transport methods, our results suggest th ... | 1987 | 3584548 |
| development of neural receptors for serotonin in the murine bowel. | during the ontogeny of the enteric nervous system, the varicosities of mature neurons contact dividing neural precursors, which persist in the developing murine gut for several weeks postnatally. this phenomenon has led to the hypothesis that the release of transmitter from mature neurons may influence the subsequent development of uncommitted neuroblasts. in order to test this hypothesis, it is necessary to know the timing of the expression of postsynaptic receptors for enteric neurotransmitter ... | 1987 | 3584550 |
| abnormal daily periodicity of serum thyrotropin (tsh) and evidence for defective tsh suppression in a case of non-neoplastic syndrome of inappropriate tsh secretion. | a non-neoplastic syndrome of inappropriate secretion of tsh (itshs) was diagnosed in a hemithyroidectomized and clinically euthyroid 44-yr-old man, who also exhibited limping (perthes' disease), genu valgum, pes supinatus and lateral nystagmus. computed tomography demonstrated an enlarged sella turcica due to empty sella. baseline serum t3, t4, free t3, free t4 and tsh fluctuated between 179 and 274 ng/dl, 6.0 and 13.2 micrograms/dl, 4.2 and 6.0 pg/ml, 7.6 and 15.3 pg/ml, and 4.3 and 33.0 microu ... | 1987 | 3584859 |
| lyme disease in texas. | | 1987 | 3591105 |
| lyme disease in texas. | | 1987 | 3591105 |
| [structural studies of panax ginseng c. a. mey pectin]. | | 1986 | 3591331 |
| changes in intraconceptus pressure in the rabbit during days 7-10 of pregnancy. | the present study established the magnitude of and temporal changes in the pressure within in situ rabbit conceptuses during early pregnancy. at the 7th, 8th, 9th, or 10th day post coitum (dpc), animals were anesthetized, and the number and dimensions of implantation sites were recorded. conceptus pressure was measured by the servo-nulling method employing a glass micropipette. the mean number of sites was 6/cornu; spacing appeared normal. implantation dome volume increased from 7 through 10 dpc ... | 1987 | 3593839 |
| phenylphosphonate: a 31p-nmr indicator of extracellular ph and volume in the isolated perfused rabbit bladder. | 31p-nmr has been used extensively to estimate intracellular ph. it also can be used to measure extracellular ph and volume when an nmr-detectable extracellular phosphorous probe is used. phosphonic acids have been suggested as useful 31p-nmr extracellular markers. the present study was designed to assess the utility of phenylphosphonic acid (ppa) as a 31p-nmr extracellular marker in perfused smooth muscle. rabbit bladder strips were exposed to ppa concentrations of 1-20 mm. tension development i ... | 1987 | 3594737 |
| storage conditions and stability of thyrotropin and thyroid hormones on filter paper. | we evaluated the effects of temperature and humidity on thyroid hormones (t4, t3) and thyrotropin (tsh) measured in blood spots dried on filter paper. rias for t4 and t3 blood spots were optimized to measure these analytes over the neonatal and euthyroid adult reference intervals. sensitivities of the t3 and t4 assays were 0.5 and 10 nmol/l, respectively. a blood-spot immunoradiometric assay for tsh involving magnetizable particles was developed with a sensitivity of 6 milli-int. units/l. contro ... | 1987 | 3594835 |
| storage conditions and stability of thyrotropin and thyroid hormones on filter paper. | we evaluated the effects of temperature and humidity on thyroid hormones (t4, t3) and thyrotropin (tsh) measured in blood spots dried on filter paper. rias for t4 and t3 blood spots were optimized to measure these analytes over the neonatal and euthyroid adult reference intervals. sensitivities of the t3 and t4 assays were 0.5 and 10 nmol/l, respectively. a blood-spot immunoradiometric assay for tsh involving magnetizable particles was developed with a sensitivity of 6 milli-int. units/l. contro ... | 1987 | 3594835 |
| effect of postmortem factors on muscarinic receptor subtypes in rat brain. | although prior studies have supported the validity of measuring total muscarinic receptor binding in postmortem brain, there has not been a study of postmortem effects on muscarinic receptor subtypes, m1 and m2, defined by high and low affinity for pirenzepine, respectively. we have examined in rat brain the effect of postmortem delay at room temperature, storage at 4 degrees c and -20 degrees c, and multiple freeze/thaw cycles on total muscarinic binding, measured with [3h]quinuclidinylbenzilat ... | 1987 | 3598588 |
| immunizations among hospital personnel. | to minimize the likelihood of transmission of certain infectious diseases within the hospital, the 5 million us health care personnel are becoming a special target group for immunization programs. a review of immunizations conducted by a hospital employee health service demonstrated that 80% of hospital employees are adequately protected against tetanus/diphtheria, and 97% are immune to rubella. in contrast, only 28% of at-risk employees are immunized against hepatitis b and only 2% are immunize ... | 1987 | 3598735 |
| [hypolipidemic action of the racemic methyl ester of 16,16-dimethyl-d-homo-8-isoestrone]. | racemic 16,16-dimethyl-d-homo-8-isoestrone methyl ester (substance 1) was shown to decrease the content of cholesterol in blood serum and liver tissue of animals with induced hyperlipidemia (rats, guinea pigs, rabbits) as well as to decrease the rate of atherosclerotic impairments in rabbit aorta. as distinct from usual estrogen, the substance i did not cause hypertriglyceridemia but normalized triglycerides in blood and liver tissue. substance i exhibited low toxic effects. | 1987 | 3604144 |
| [hypolipidemic action of the racemic methyl ester of 16,16-dimethyl-d-homo-8-isoestrone]. | racemic 16,16-dimethyl-d-homo-8-isoestrone methyl ester (substance 1) was shown to decrease the content of cholesterol in blood serum and liver tissue of animals with induced hyperlipidemia (rats, guinea pigs, rabbits) as well as to decrease the rate of atherosclerotic impairments in rabbit aorta. as distinct from usual estrogen, the substance i did not cause hypertriglyceridemia but normalized triglycerides in blood and liver tissue. substance i exhibited low toxic effects. | 1987 | 3604144 |