| time-dependent cardiovascular and inflammatory changes in acute endotoxemia. | the pathophysiology of experimental acute endotoxemia is a complex process involving both cardiovascular dysfunction and an inflammatory response. we have examined the correlation in hemodynamic changes and the pulmonary inflammatory response after lipopolysaccharide (lps) administration with respect to time. importantly, we have measured the lung and plasma levels of nitric oxide (no) over time, as well as rapid generation of lung superoxide after lps administration. in anesthetized rats given ... | 1998 | 9645496 |
| salmonella virulence plasmid. modular acquisition of the spv virulence region by an f-plasmid in salmonella enterica subspecies i and insertion into the chromosome of subspecies ii, iiia, iv and vii isolates. | the spv operon is common to all salmonella virulence plasmids. dna hybridization analysis indicates that the spv region is limited in distribution to serovars of salmonella enterica subspecies i, ii, iiia, iv, and vii and is absent from salmonella bongori isolates. among strains of subspecies ii, iiia, and vii, all isolates examined contained sequences that hybridized with the spv region. however, among isolates of subspecies i, dna sequences capable of hybridizing with the spv region were found ... | 1998 | 9649513 |
| fsis assessing risk of salmonella enteritidis in eggs. | | 1998 | 9656012 |
| demographic data on salmonella enteritidis infection in thailand, 1990-1995. | the data for the comprehensive analysis of salmonella enteritidis infection was based on the information recorded in the request form submitted for salmonella typing and the results of serotyping at the who national salmonella and shigella center, department of medical sciences, ministry of public health, thailand during 1990-1995. fifty-one cases of s. enteritidis (se) infection were confirmed in 1990. the morbidity being markedly increased each year from 1991 to 1995, with 105, 307, 471, 659 a ... | 1997 | 9656401 |
| role of the humoral immune system in salmonella enteritidis phage type four infection in chickens. | the role of avian humoral immunity in the clearance of s. enteritidis was evaluated through bursectomy. after oral inoculation of bursectomized and sham-treated chickens with s. enteritidis, faecal excretion of s. enteritidis was examined. organs were collected weekly until six weeks post-inoculation (pi) for bacteriological enumeration. antibody isotypes in serum and bile were quantified by elisa. faecal excretion of s. enteritidis was significantly lower in controls from 13 days pi. numbers of ... | 1998 | 9656424 |
| lymphokine-augmented activation of avian heterophils. | heterophils are important mediators of innate resistance in poultry, especially in young birds that have not yet developed an acquired immune response. invasion of the intestinal mucosa by salmonella spp. initiates the recruitment of large numbers of heterophils to the lamina propria. thus, the heterophilic response can control, but not eliminate, bacterial numbers in the bird until development of acquired immunity. unfortunately, chicks and turkey poults are highly susceptible to salmonella inf ... | 1998 | 9657605 |
| recurrent salmonella sepsis and aortitis in a patient with hepatocellular carcinoma. | a 62 years old man was admitted to hospital because of fever; a small superficial hepatic nodule was showed by ultrasonography. blood cultures grew salmonella enteritidis. cefotaxime was administered for ten days. fever promptly disappeared but one week later recurred with abdominal and back pain. cultures grew again salmonella enteritidis. biopsy of the hepatic nodule showed hepatocarcinoma. computed abdominal tomography showed a paraaortic mass. angiography demonstrated hematoma communicating ... | 1998 | 9658898 |
| management and environmental risk factors for salmonella enteritidis contamination of eggs. | to analyze data for 60 poultry flocks voluntarily enrolled in the pennsylvania salmonella enteritidis pilot project and determine management and environmental risk factors associated with production of s enteritidis-contaminated eggs. | 1998 | 9659545 |
| ultrasonography: can it differentiate between vasoocclusive crisis and acute osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease? | we prospectively evaluated the results of ultrasonography in 53 patients of sickle cell disease suspected to have vasoocclusive crisis/acute hematogenous osteomyelitis. the average age was 8.4 +/- 3.40 years (range, 1-14). twenty-six children were boys and 27 were girls. seventeen (32%) patients had ultrasonographic changes that suggested acute osteomyelitis. the minimal white cell count was 7,200/mm3, and maximal, 9,900/mm3 (mean, 8,190/mm3) in uninfected patients and in 17 patients, the mean w ... | 1998 | 9661872 |
| [the bitter taste of food safety]. | | 1998 | 9662909 |
| interpretations of antibody responses to salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis gm flagellin in poultry flocks are enhanced by a kinetics-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | many regulatory and diagnostic programs for the detection of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis infection in commercial poultry flocks have relied on rapid pullorum agglutination tests to screen birds because of the shared antigens of s. enterica enteritidis and s. enterica pullorum and gallinarum; however, the use of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) format affords better analytical sensitivity than crude agglutination tests. in this study, we adapted our earlier conventional ... | 1998 | 9665965 |
| genotypic characterization of salmonella enteritidis phage types by plasmid analysis, ribotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) was used to resolve xbai and spei macrorestriction fragments from 60 defined phage type (pt) reference strains of salmonella enteritidis. the level of discrimination was compared to that afforded by plasmid profile analysis and ribotyping. twenty-eight distinct xbai pulsed-field profiles (pfps) were observed, although a single type, pfp x1, predominated. absence of the 57-kb spv-associated fragment was observed for three pt reference strains, and the profi ... | 1998 | 9666012 |
| growth of salmonella enteritidis and s. pullorum on hektoen agar and the expression of lipopolysaccharide or flagella. | growth of strains of salmonella enteritidis and salmonella pullorum on hektoen agar has been reported to influence the expression of long-chain lipopolysaccharide and motility respectively. in this study we used a panel of strains of s. enteritidis and s. pullorum to investigate these phenomena. culture on hektoen agar did not cause rough strains of s. enteritidis to express long-chain lipopolysaccharide or strains of s. pullorum to become motile. it was concluded that growth of strains of s. en ... | 1998 | 9673020 |
| chilling invokes different morphologies in two salmonella enteritidis pt4 strains. | the reduction in chemical preservatives in food processing has resulted in more refrigerated (chilled) products. however, the effect of chilling on salmonella enteritidis pt4 isolates has received relatively little attention. this study investigates the effect of chilling on two salm. enteritidis pt4 isolates, denoted e and i. these isolates differ in their tolerance to heat, acidification, survival on surfaces, and behaviour in animal models. e routinely shows greater tolerance and pathogenicit ... | 1998 | 9674136 |
| typing of salmonella enteritidis of different phage types of pcr fingerprinting. | fifty-nine isolates of salmonella spp. were typed by pcr fingerprinting using three single primers: eric2, m13 and ops-19. first, their discrimination power in a group of nine different serotypes were studied and considerable differences in the band patterns were obtained. further, a panel of 51 isolates of salmonella enteritidis with eight different phage types were analysed with the three primers. the discriminating power increased by combining the patterns of the three primers, and in this ca ... | 1998 | 9674142 |
| effect of oxygen concentration and redox potential on recovery of sublethally heat-damaged cells of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enteritidis and listeria monocytogenes. | the measured heat resistance of cells of escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enteritidis and listeria monocytogenes was up to eightfold greater when they were grown, heated and recovered anaerobically rather than aerobically. measured heat resistance was highest when anaerobic gas mixtures were used (time at 59 degrees c for a 6-decimal (6-d) reduction of e. coli o157:h7, 19-24 min); moderate when low concentrations of oxygen (0.5-1%) were included (time for a 6-d reduction, 5-17 min); and lowe ... | 1998 | 9674145 |
| comparison of two different types of competitive exclusion products. | the efficacy of two different types of commercial competitive exclusion (ce) products against salmonella was studied in three chicken assay trials. chicks were treated on the day of hatch and challenged one day later either with salm. infantis (trials 1 and 2) or a combination of salm. infantis and salm. enteritidis (trial 3). the caeca of the birds were examined for salmonella five days after challenge. the mean logarithmic counts of salmonella were from 3.4 to 5.7 in the groups treated with pr ... | 1998 | 9674161 |
| postantibiotic effects of norfloxacin and netilmicin and their influence on the biological properties of salmonella strains. | the postantibiotic effect (pae) and the postantibiotic sub-mic effect (pa sme) of norfloxacin and netilmicin on two clinical strains--salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis was investigated. after both pae and pa sme of antibiotics were studied, we determined their effect on the induction of a prophage in the lysogenic s. typhimurium and on congo red binding by both serovars, as an indicator of invasive ability in vitro. the pae was induced by 2.mic and 4.mic of norfloxacin and netilm ... | 1998 | 9675772 |
| trisodium phosphate increases sensitivity of gram-negative bacteria to lysozyme and nisin. | cell suspensions of campylobacter jejuni, escherichia coli, pseudomonas fluorescens, and salmonella enteritidis exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.5 to 5 mm) of trisodium phosphate (tsp) for 10 min showed greatly increased susceptibility to lysozyme (10 micrograms ml-1) and/or nisin (1 microm). under optimal conditions at 37 degrees c, reductions in viable count after 30 min were up to six log cycles. at 4 degrees c, c. jejuni showed greater resistance than at 37 degrees c, and maximal cell ... | 1998 | 9678166 |
| influence of subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics on surface hydrophobicity of salmonella enteritidis. | the effects of subinhibitory concentrations (sub-mics) of quinolones ciprofloxacin (cas 85721-33-1), enoxacin (cas 74011-58-8), norfloxacin (cas 70458-96-7), ofloxacin (cas 82419-36-1), pefloxacin (cas 70458-92-3), aminoglycosides amikacin (cas 37517-28-5), gentamicin (cas 1403-66-3), netilmicin (cas 563911-56-1), tobramycin (cas 32986-56-4), and beta-lactam antibiotics imipenem (cas 64221-86-9) and meropenem (cas 96036-02-2) on the surface hydrophobicity of a clinical isolate of salmonella ente ... | 1998 | 9689431 |
| epidemiological analysis of salmonella enterica enteritidis isolates in japan by phage-typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis isolates of phage types (pts) pt1, pt4, pt13a and pt22 derived from sporadic cases and outbreaks of food poisoning in japan during 1994 and 1995 were analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). while pt1 strains from 5 different outbreaks showed 14 pfge patterns, 5 pfge patterns were observed among pt4 isolates from 5 different outbreaks and 6 independent isolates from imported chicken. interestingly, 8 out of 9 pt4 strains associated with foreig ... | 1998 | 9692599 |
| oxygen radicals and nitric oxide production by turkey respiratory macrophages. | the influence of different induction protocols on the recovery of elicited turkey respiratory macrophages (rm), and on their oxygenation activity and nitric oxide (no) production was examined. rm were induced in three week old specific pathogen free turkeys with sephadex g-50, thioglycollate broth, and an emulsion of incomplete freund's adjuvant (ifa), supplemented either with mycoplasma hyorhinis grown in modified channock broth (ifa-m. hyorhinis) or with modified channock broth (ifa-broth). th ... | 1998 | 9699486 |
| [large family epidemic focus of salmonellosis]. | | 1998 | 9700897 |
| [one more large family focus of salmonellosis]. | | 1998 | 9700898 |
| [outbreak of salmonellosis in general education schools in moscow: solution of the epidemiologic puzzle (part 2)]. | | 1998 | 9700899 |
| salmonella enteritidis contamination of ice cream associated with a 1994 multistate outbreak. | nine ice cream sample containers, representing three production lots involved in a 1994 outbreak of salmonellosis, were obtained from the manufacturer's distribution warehouse and from consumers. single 100-g samples from each container were tested initially, with analyses beginning seven weeks after the ice cream was produced. quantitative salmonella analysis of these samples was performed 14 weeks after the production date using a three-replicate, three-dilution most probable number (mpn) proc ... | 1998 | 9708244 |
| supplementing pools of egg contents with broth culture media to improve rapid detection of salmonella enteritidis. | culturing egg contents to detect salmonella enteritidis (se) has become an important tool for identifying infected laying flocks and thereby reducing the transmission of se to humans by contaminated eggs. the present study evaluated the efficacy of supplementing incubating egg pools with selective and nonselective enrichment broth media (prepared at higher than usual concentrations) for rapidly isolating se by a direct plating culture method. when 100-ml pools of liquid whole egg from a mixture ... | 1998 | 9708262 |
| microbial stability and fate of salmonella enteritidis in halva, a low-moisture confection. | a traditional low-moisture confectionery, halva, was studied with respect to microbial stability over prolonged storage. it was kept under refrigeration or at room temperature in air-sealed or vacuum packaging in moisture-proof material. microbial stability of commercial samples was evaluated with regard to the following groups of microorganisms: aerobic plate count, enterobacteriaceae, enterococci, sulfite-reducing clostridia, aerobic mesophilic and thermophilic sporeformers, staphylococci, sta ... | 1998 | 9708278 |
| bacterial penetration into eggs washed with various chemicals and stored at different temperatures and times. | eggs were washed with one of three commercial egg-washing chemicals, including a quaternary ammonium compound (qac, ph 7.5), sodium carbonate (na2co3, ph 12), and sodium hypochlorite (naocl, 100 ppm, ph 7.5). one hundred fifty intact-shell eggs were washed at 43.3 degrees c with each of three chemicals. a control group was washed with tap water (h2o, ph 7.0). the washed eggs then were inoculated by immersion for 3 min into an aqueous suspension of salmonella enteritidis at 10(4) colony-forming u ... | 1998 | 9708295 |
| salmonella penetration through eggshell associated with freshness of laid eggs and refrigeration. | effects of egg age after laying and refrigeration on penetration of the eggshell by salmonella enteritidis (se) and salmonella typhimurium (st) were examined. eggs 0.25 to 3 h, 3.25 to 6 h, 1 day, and 7 days old held at two temperatures were immersed in se or st suspensions containing 10(3) or 10(6) cfu/ml at 25 degrees c for 10 min. after holding at 25 degrees c for 2 h, the inner eggshell and egg contents were examined for salmonella cells. the recovery rates of salmonella cells from both the ... | 1998 | 9708309 |
| predominant serovars of salmonella in humans and foods from thailand. | during the period from 1993 to 1996, a total of 27,497 salmonella isolates from humans, chicken meat, ready-to-eat thai foods and shrimps were serotyped to know the predominant serovars of salmonella in humans and foods in thailand. seventy-two and 81 serovars of salmonella were identified in human and food samples, respectively. the significance of foods as a vehicle for human salmonellosis was discussed from an epidemiological viewpoint. | 1998 | 9713821 |
| the study of salmonella enteritidis growth kinetics using rapid automated bacterial impedance technique. | in order to study strain-specific differences in their growth behaviour at different, and particularly lower, temperatures, generation times for 45 strains of salmonella enteritidis isolated from food were determined impedimetrically over a temperature range from 7 to 42 degrees c. in practical terms, 7 degrees c is the minimum requirement for salm. enteritidis growth, and generation time variability increases markedly as this temperature is reached. reports in the literature describing psychrot ... | 1998 | 9717278 |
| modelling the effectiveness of a natural antimicrobial on salmonella enteritidis as a function of concentration, temperature and ph, using conductance measurements. | the growth of salmonella enteritidis in a brain heart infusion medium was monitored using the traditional viable count method and by conductance measurements using a rabit impedance instrument. growth curves (log10 cfu ml-1 vs time) at three different concentrations of oleuropein (0, 0.2 and 0.8%), ph values in the range of 5-8 and incubation temperatures from 22 to 42 degrees c were modelled using the gompertz equation. a good correlation between the maximum growth rate from the viable count me ... | 1998 | 9717282 |
| a birthday party, home-made ice cream, and an outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 6 infection. | an outbreak of food poisoning caused by salmonella enteritidis phage type (pt) 6 followed a children's birthday party. thirty of 37 (attack rate 81%) attendees were ill, with diarrhoea and fever being the most common symptoms. one child required hospital admission for rehydration. no deaths occurred. stool specimens from 24 out of 25 people who submitted them were positive for s. enteritidis pt 6 and one was positive for s. enteritidis pt4. epidemiological investigation indicated that home-made ... | 1998 | 9718835 |
| an outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 19 infection associated with cockles. | an outbreak of infection with salmonella enteritidis was detected because some of the cases lived near each other. swift investigation identified cockles as the vehicle of infection. the cockles had been gathered and cooked by a member of the public. phage typing of the s. enteritidis revealed phage type 19, which is rarely seen in the united kingdom. the outbreak illustrates the need for care in handling and preparation of shellfish for human consumption. catering establishments should be wary ... | 1998 | 9718836 |
| further occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing salmonella enteritidis. | we describe the further occurrence of salmonella enteritidis producing an extended spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) and transferring cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam resistance. in a previous communication we describe the isolation of a strain of s. enteritidis (no. 35) from a septic neonate with high-level resistance to cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime and aztreonam. six weeks later, a second neonate was found, in the same pediatric university hospital, to be infected with apparently the ... | 1998 | 9720467 |
| minimum inhibitory concentration of smoke wood extracts against spoilage and pathogenic micro-organisms associated with foods. | antimicrobial activity of seven commercial smoke preparations (four liquid and three solid) was studied. the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) was determined against a selection of food spoilage and pathogenic micro-organisms. the main smoke components were identified and quantified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. the most effective condensate was s2. all strains except salmonella enteritidis were inhibited by s2 with an mic < 0.5-1.5%. smoke extract l2 inhibited growth of vibrio v ... | 1998 | 9722997 |
| salmonella food poisoning linked to north london bar mitzvah. | | 1998 | 9724929 |
| multiple antibiotic resistance in salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis. | | 1998 | 9734924 |
| salmonella enteritidis: ampc plasmid-mediated inducible beta-lactamase (dha-1) with an ampr gene from morganella morganii. | dha-1, a plasmid-mediated cephalosporinase from a single clinical salmonella enteritidis isolate, conferred resistance to oxyimino-cephalosporins (cefotaxime and ceftazidime) and cephamycins (cefoxitin and moxalactam), and this resistance was transferable to escherichia coli hb101. an antagonism was observed between cefoxitin and aztreonam by the diffusion method. transformation of the transconjugant e. coli strain with plasmid pnh5 carrying the ampd gene (whose product decreases the level of ex ... | 1998 | 9736562 |
| [agglutination of hen egg-yolk immunoglobulins (igy) against salmonella enterica, serovar enteritidis]. | two groups of 6 laying hens were used to produce igy. in the vaccinated group (v), hens were injected by intramuscular route with two doses of a salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis bacterin at 20-day interval. in the control group (t) hens remained unvaccinated. four igy extractions were performed on the egg production of both groups. the first two extractions were carried out using the yolks obtained from the eggs produced during the 4th and 5th post-vaccination week (extracts 1v and 1t) an ... | 1998 | 9744035 |
| chicken fancier's spleen. | splenic epidermoid cysts are rare congenital lesions which usually present insidiously with non-specific symptoms such as dull left upper quadrant pain, or as incidental findings on clinical examination. we present a chicken breeder who presented as an emergency with a tender left upper quadrant mass and septicaemia secondary to zoonotic infection of a primary splenic cyst with salmonella enteritidis. the cystic nature of the swelling was confirmed by ultrasound and the anatomy assessed with com ... | 1998 | 9744156 |
| plasmid profile analysis and antibiotic resistance of salmonella strains from clinical isolates in cluj-napoca. | resistance patterns, plasmid profiles and the genetic resistance determinants were investigated in 38 isolates of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium and 19 isolates of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis derived from children hospitalized in two clinics in cluj-napoca, during the period of 1995-1997. incidence of plasmid and antibiotic resistance was very high in salmonella typhimurium isolates. all strains were resistant to almost all antibiotics tested but susceptible to the third ge ... | 1997 | 9745325 |
| [salmonella enteritidis septicemia manifesting as a suppurated thrombophlebitis]. | non-typloid salmonella can cause septicemia and extradigestive disorders in immunodepressed adults. these frequent diseases can be life-threatening. | 1998 | 9747225 |
| antimicrobial activity of 8-alkyl- and 8-phenyl-substituted berberines and their 12-bromo derivatives. | the 8-alkyl- (3-6), 8-phenyl- (7), 12-bromo- (8), 8-alkyl-12-bromo- (9-12), and 12-bromo-8-phenyl- (13) berberine derivatives were prepared and tested for their antimicrobial activity in vitro to evaluate structure-activity relationships. introduction of the alkyl or phenyl group and the bromine atom into the c-8 and c-12 positions of berberine (1), respectively, led to significant increases of the antimicrobial activity. in both the 8-alkyl- and 8-alkyl-12-bromo-berberines (3-6 and 9-12, respec ... | 1998 | 9748388 |
| periplasmic and fimbrial sefa from salmonella enteritidis. | salmonella enteritidis produces thin, filamentous fimbriae composed of the fimbrin subunit sefa. although insoluble in most detergents and chaotropic agents, these fimbriae were soluble at ph 10.5. furthermore, in sodium dodecyl sulfate, these fibers depolymerized into monomers, dimers and other multimers of sefa, which precipitated on removal of the detergent. in contrast, unassembled periplasmic sefa fimbrins purified from escherichia coli expressing cloned sefa and sefb were readily soluble i ... | 1998 | 9748652 |
| restriction enzyme analysis of randomly amplified polymorphic dna amplicons of salmonella enterica ser. enteritidis pt4 and typhimurium dt104. | salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis pt4 and typhimurium dt104 isolates were characterized using a random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd) protocol found previously to be highly discriminatory for isolates of salmonella. profiles generated with a single primer 1254, and independently 1283, successfully characterized an outbreak strain of enteritidis pt4 but could not differentiate epidemiologically unrelated strains of enteritidis pt4 from the outbreak strains. primer 1254 differentia ... | 1998 | 9750319 |
| antibacterial activity of wine against salmonella enteritidis: ph or alcohol? | | 1998 | 9754789 |
| antibiotic resistance in salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. | in order to analyse the development of antibiotic resistance in salmonella spp., a total of 262 salmonella strains isolated in 1987 (n = 148) and in 1996 (n = 114) from clinical specimens in wurzburg, germany, were tested in parallel by the agar diffusion method. in 1987. most of the strains were salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium (42.6%), whereas in 1996 most were salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis (68.4%). the majority of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis isolates was fully ... | 1998 | 9758275 |
| effect of nisin on heat injury and inactivation of salmonella enteritidis pt4. | the ability of heat injury to confer sensitivity to nisin in a gram negative pathogen was investigated. injury and inactivation kinetics of salmonella enteritidis pt4 in the presence of nisin were determined in media, liquid whole egg and egg white using cultural methods and capacitance monitoring to detect injury. addition of nisin in concentrations from 500 iu/ml to 2500 iu/ml in the heating menstruum caused a reduction of required pasteurisation time of up to 35%, principally as a result of i ... | 1998 | 9761333 |
| molecular epidemiology of salmonella serotype enteritidis. relationships between food, water and pathogenic strains. | a molecular epidemiology study of salmonella serotype enteritidis was carried out by ribotyping performed with a mixture of psti and sphi (ps ribotyping), and randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) typing conducted with the opb17 primer. a series, including 38 food and 25 water strains, which were epidemiologically unrelated and collected in spain over 1985-1996, was differentiated into 20 ps ribotypes [discrimination index (di) = 0.67], rapd types (di = 0.28), and by combining both methods i ... | 1998 | 9761341 |
| foodborne illness in the elderly. | the elderly (> or = 65 years of age) are more susceptible to morbidity and mortality from foodborne-induced gastroenteritis than younger individuals. several factors contribute to the increased susceptibility to foodborne infections as well as other infections in elderly populations. these include an age-associated decrease in humoral and cellular immunity, age-related changes in the gastrointestinal tract (decreased production of gastric acid and decreased intestinal motility), malnutrition, la ... | 1998 | 9766083 |
| partial inhibition of amplifications by primers of ehec genes. | diagnostic value of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was examined by using three primer pairs, specific for the common conserved region of stx1 and stx2, eae and an enterohaemolysin a gene (ehxa). the sensitivity in respect of each amplicon decreased with three exponents comparing to the individual pcr reactions. these pcr reactions were partially inhibited by the presence of certain additional primers. this inhibitory effect was template-concentration dependent, and was partially balan ... | 1998 | 9768292 |
| [infected aneurysms of the abdominal aorta. personal case reports]. | two cases of infected aneurysms of the subrenal abdominal aorta observed in the last year are reported. in this study some specific aspects of this unusual pathology are analyzed: the high mortality rate, the difficulties involved in the diagnosis and the surgical solutions. | 1998 | 9774848 |
| salmonella prevalence in crops of ontario and quebec broiler chickens at slaughter. | swabs of crop contents of 635 broiler chickens were obtained from 9 ontario and 12 quebec processing plants and cultured for salmonella to determine prevalence in broiler crops. serotypes of positive cultures were determined to evaluate the serotype profile. the overall prevalence of contamination was low (4.3%). prevalence was higher in broilers sampled in quebec (5.8%) than in those sampled in ontario (2.2%). in quebec, there were differences in prevalence among the groups of broilers sampled ... | 1998 | 9776057 |
| variability in the resistance of four chicken lines to experimental intravenous infection with salmonella enteritidis phage type 4. | the capacity of four chicken lines (y11, l2, b13, pa12) to control salmonella enteritidis (se) phage type 4 (pt4) systemic colonization was investigated. thirteen-week-old chickens were intravenously inoculated with 10(6) se colony-forming units, and the levels of se colonization were determined at various time intervals after inoculation in liver, spleen, genital organs, and ceca. the course of se infection showed a rapid contamination of liver, spleen, and genital organs, whereas the ceca were ... | 1998 | 9777146 |
| changes in microflora of the cloaca and oviduct of hens after intracloacal or intravaginal inoculation with salmonella enteritidis. | quantitative and qualitative microbiological examination was carried out on cloacal and oviductal contents pre- and postinfection with salmonella enteritidis (se) intracloacally or intravaginally. before inoculation with se, the means +/- standard deviation (sd) of total bacterial counts, anaerobic bacterial counts, and aerobic bacterial counts in the cloaca were log10 7.7 +/- 0.7, 7.4 +/- 0.2, and 6.9 +/- 0.8 colony-forming units (cfu)/g, respectively. the predominant bacteria were bacteroidace ... | 1998 | 9777154 |
| resistance to salmonella enteritidis organ invasion in day-old turkeys and chickens by transformed t-cell line-produced lymphokines. | we previously reported an increased resistance to salmonella enteritidis (se) organ invasion in chicks and turkey poults injected prophylactically with se-immune lymphokines (ilk). in the present study, concanavalin a (con-a)-activated splenic t cells isolated from se-hyperimmunized hens were transformed in vitro with reticuloendotheliosis virus strain t (rev-t) (chicken syncitial virus). these transformed t cells were then maintained as a long-term (> 1 yr) cell line for the harvest of immune l ... | 1998 | 9777155 |
| reduction of fecal shedding and egg contamination of salmonella enteritidis by increasing the number of heterophil adaptations. | serial passage of salmonella enteritidis (se) in chicken heterophils resulted in heterophil-adapted se (hase). we now report that an additional five heterophil passages have further reduced the number and frequency of fecal shedding of hase. eleven-times hase (11 x hase) given to 12 laying hens for three consecutive days reduced fecal shedding of 11 x hase to three isolations from fecal samples during the 70-day postexposure observation period. hens were exposed to challenge se 74 days after tre ... | 1998 | 9777160 |
| [bleeding infectious enteritis]. | a recent trend on bleeding intestinal infections in japan was described. salmonella enteritidis infection occupied over 42% of food-borne diseases in 1996. salmonella enteritidis is the most popular infectious agent for food-borne outbreak in japan. salmonella typhimurium dt104 which is widely spread in europe and in u.s.a. is not common in japan. we experienced large outbreak of foodbore ehec/vtec o157: h7 infections in 1996. since then, diagnostic and therapeutic studies on ehec/vtec infection ... | 1998 | 9780723 |
| an outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 5a infection in a residential home for elderly people. | the first outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type (pt) 5a infection to be reported occurred after a party in a residential home for elderly people in may 1995. the party was attended attended by 96 residents, staff and guests. s. enteritidis pt5a was isolated from 14 of the 25 clinical cases identified after the party and s. enteritidis pt4 from another clinical case. two elderly residents with s. enteritidis pt5a infection died. infection with s. enteritidis pt5a was associated with consu ... | 1998 | 9782631 |
| [salmonella infection in the surgical departments of a city hospital]. | | 1998 | 9783416 |
| [a case of salmonella subdural empyema developed in chronic subdural hematoma]. | a case of salmonella subdural empyema developed in chronic subdural hematoma (infected subdural hematoma; ish) was reported. a 64-year-old man had been in a nearby hospital due to myelodysplastic syndrome with cerebral infarction for two months. his condition there had been almost uneventful. but spike fever occurred and the patient became drowsy two days before his transfer to our medical center. his consciousness level deteriorated progressively and ct scan showed a right chronic subdural hema ... | 1998 | 9789295 |
| antibiotic resistance of salmonella spp. and listeria spp. isolates from traditionally made fresh sausages in greece. | sixty-five samples of traditionally made fresh sausages obtained from retail shops and butcher shops in northern greece were screened for the presence of salmonella spp. and listeria spp. salmonella spp. were found in 20% of the samples tested (54% salmonella typhimurium and 46% salmonella enteritidis). the prevalence of listeria spp. in the samples was 26% (12% listeria monocytogenes, 76% listeria innocua, and 12% listeria welshimeri). nine of 13 salmonella isolates were found to be resistant t ... | 1998 | 9798159 |
| [salmonella enteritidis meningitis in adults. report of 2 cases and review of the literature]. | | 1998 | 9803793 |
| [the efficacy of salmocumarín rodenticide in livestock-raising and urban sites]. | the activity in burrows at four different sites was calculated, and it went from 80 to 98% during pretreatment. for the first time in our country, average values of days/deaths of synanthropic rodents in natural conditions were obtained, and the reached values were between 16.50 and 19.06 after applying the biorodenticide. in the statistical analysis, a significant difference was found in the set of objectives related with days/deaths averages (h = 8.60*; p < 0.05). moreover, no significant diff ... | 1995 | 9805075 |
| inter- and intra-phage type differentiation of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis isolates using molecular typing methods. | seventy-six salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis (s. enteritidis) isolates which represented 14 phage types and rdnc isolates were investigated by several independent molecular methods. eleven different plasmid profiles were detected. plasmid-encoded virulence genes of the spv gene cluster were shown by hybridization with a spvb/c gene probe to be located on plasmids of either 55 kbp or 95 kbp. ribotyping as performed with gene probes that recognized either the entire rrn oper ... | 1998 | 9809400 |
| the variant rpos allele of s. enteritidis strain 27655r does not affect virulence in a chick model nor constitutive curliation but does generate a cold-sensitive phenotype. | adherence of pathogenic escherichia coli and salmonella spp. to host cells is in part mediated by curli fimbriae which, along with other virulence determinants, are positively regulated by rpos. interested in the role and regulation of curli (sef17) fimbriae of salmonella enteritidis in poultry infection, we tested the virulence of naturally occurring s. enteritidis pt4 strains 27655r and 27655s which displayed constitutive and null expression of curli (sef17) fimbriae, respectively, in a chick ... | 1998 | 9809425 |
| pattern analysis of human salmonella enteritidis infection. | information on salmonella serovar, community, and date of isolation concerning 10,368 cases of s. enteritidis (se) infection and 1163 cases of s. typhimurium (st) infection reported in 1992 to the salmonella data bank of the land of brandenburg have been analyzed for clusters and trends on case/time diagrams. a breakdown by district provided a suitable degree of "resolution" for discrimination of "episodes of increased case frequency" (eicf) and 7 days moving averages. thus 39 of the 44 district ... | 1995 | 9810673 |
| antimicrobial activity of pelargonium essential oils added to a quiche filling as a model food system. | eight essential oils obtained by steam distillation from the scented leaves of pelargonium species and cultivars were added at 250, 500 and 1000 ppm to a quiche filling, inoculated with either saccharomyces ludwigii or zygosaccharomyces bailii (at 10(8) cfu g-1), salmonella enteriditis or listeria innocua (at 10(9) cfu g-1). the quiche fillings were then kept at 25 degrees c for 24 h and the residual number of micro-organisms determined using the pour plate technique. there was an effective anti ... | 1998 | 9812396 |
| outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 21 among british tourists returning from ostend. | | 1998 | 9812411 |
| a 3-year retrospective review of 132 patients with salmonella enterocolitis admitted to a regional infectious diseases unit. | over a 3-year-period, 132 patients were admitted to the infectious diseases unit, ruchill hospital, glasgow, with non-typhoidal salmonellae enterocolitis. salmonella enteritidis and typhimurium were isolated from 67% of admissions. of all patients, 11% had recently travelled overseas, 12% were hypochlorhydric and 3.8% were bacteraemic. salmonella typhimurium infection was associated with a younger age group, a more pronounced leucocytosis and an earlier and less marked summer peak than s. enteri ... | 1998 | 9821087 |
| [an outbreak of acute intestinal infections in a children's home]. | | 1998 | 9825515 |
| [local outbreak of acute intestinal infections among organized preschool children (part 2): author's responses and commentary]. | | 1998 | 9825516 |
| comparison of enrichment methods for recovery and chick infectivity of chlorine-injured salmonella enteritidis. | in recent years, several preenrichment media have been shown to be effective for use in the recovery of sublethally injured salmonella organisms. selective enrichment without preenrichment has resulted in a lower recovery of organisms, particularly with regard to injured or stressed salmonellae. the present experiments compared the ability of nonselective preenrichment followed by selective enrichment or direct selective enrichment alone to recover chlorine-injured salmonella organisms. addition ... | 1998 | 9829193 |
| salmonella enteritidis infections from shell eggs: outbreaks in california. | | 1998 | 9830366 |
| adenylates and adenylate-energy charge in submerged and planktonic cultures of salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium. | adenine nucleotide values and adenylate energy charge (aec) were measured during the growth of salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium as submerged colonies in agarose gel and gelatin gel, and as planktonic cells in broth. growth in all three systems showed similar trends with a ten-fold decrease in total adenylate pool during exponential growth, before attaining a fairly stable value throughout stationary phase. aec values were generally low, (approximately 0.66), but did rise slightl ... | 1998 | 9849788 |
| salmonella in broiler chickens in thailand with special reference to contamination of retail meat with salmonella enteritidis. | the present study was performed to assess the prevalence of salmonella in chickens in thailand. in 1997, 22 serovars of salmonella were isolated from 72 of 100 chicken meat samples purchased from 10 retail markets in bangkok and 20 of 200 chicken meat samples from one slaughterhouse for export and 19 of 285 chicken feces obtained from three farms located in the east region of thailand. the most predominant serovar was s. enteritidis, which was isolated from 28% of the retail chicken meat, 4.5% o ... | 1998 | 9853305 |
| inherited interleukin 12 deficiency in a child with bacille calmette-guérin and salmonella enteritidis disseminated infection. | interferon-gamma receptor ligand-binding chain (ifn-gammar1) or signaling chain (ifn-gammar2) deficiency, like interleukin 12 receptor beta1 chain (il-12rbeta1) deficiency, predispose to severe infections due to poorly virulent mycobacteria and salmonella. a child with bacille calmette-guérin and salmonella enteritidis infection was investigated. mutations in the genes for ifn-gammar1, ifn-gammar2, il-12rbeta1, and other molecules implicated in il-12- or ifn-gamma-mediated immunity were sought. ... | 1998 | 9854038 |
| raw egg ingestion and salmonellosis in body builders. | four patients with salmonella enteritidis infection are reported. all were body builders who regularly consumed substantial quantities of raw eggs. they presented with a severe febrile illness and diarrhoea--presumably reflecting a large bacterial inoculum. advice regarding the potential hazards of raw egg ingestion has been repeatedly issued by the department of health--but this report highlights the fact that this practice continues in spite of this. the epidemiology of s. enteritidis infectio ... | 1998 | 9854301 |
| persistent or severe course of reactive arthritis following salmonella enteritidis infection. a prospective study of 9 cases. | during a 7 year-period 9 children (7 boys, 2 girls) with juvenile reactive arthritis (jrea) due to salmonella enteritidis (se) were prospectively studied because of an unusual type of onset and/or course of the disease. the mean duration of jrea activity was 9 +/- 3.6 months. the mean follow-up time was 55.2 +/- 17.4 months. jrea presented as any of the three types of juvenile chronic arthritis (jca), namely, as asymmetrical oligoarthritis, polyarthritis, or systemic jca in 5, 2, and 2 patients ... | 1998 | 9855213 |
| [a new method for evaluation of the antagonistic action of bacterial lactic acid (lab) on selected pathogenic indicator bacteria]. | a comparison was made of three methods: paper disc, double layer and a newly proposed agar slab techniques for testing antibacterial activity of lactobacillus strains. strains of indicator bacteria were selected from important pathogens of the human alimentary and genitourinary tract. the agar slab method, which is based on applying of slabs of mrs agar with overnight growth of the antagonistic bacteria to the surface of appropriate agar plates seeded with indicator bacteria, appeared to be the ... | 1998 | 9857622 |
| t lymphocytes, b lymphocytes, and macrophages in the ovaries and oviducts of laying hens experimentally infected with salmonella enteritidis. | subsets of t lymphocytes, b lymphocytes, and macrophages in the ovaries and oviducts of laying hens were enumerated by immunohistochemistry after intravenous inoculation with salmonella enteritidis. almost all t cell subsets in the ovaries and different regions of the oviduct increased in number at 7 days post-inoculation and reached a peak by day 10. this t cell surge was followed by a peak in b cell numbers at day 14. the number of macrophages declined initially but recovered to preinoculation ... | 1998 | 9860189 |
| salmonella enteritidis infections in the united states. | | 1998 | 9861959 |
| salmonella enteritidis pt6: another egg-associated salmonellosis? | salmonella enteritidis phage type 6 (pt6) increased dramatically in the united kingdom during 1997. the sharp rise suggests that pt6 contamination has spread rapidly throughout a basic food commodity; however, the source and food vehicle remain unknown. we present evidence from three outbreaks suggesting a possible link between pt6 and eggs. poor documentation of the egg supply network continues to pose problems for public health investigators. thorough investigation of all future pt6 outbreaks ... | 1998 | 9866747 |
| cervical spondylitis and epidural abscess caused by salmonella enteritidis with tetraplegia. | | 1998 | 9867305 |
| synergist effect of sucrose fatty acid esters on nisin inhibition of gram-positive bacteria. | nisin in combination with the sucrose fatty acid esters, sucrose palmitate (p-1570 and p-1670) or sucrose stearate (s-1570 and s-1670) was tested against a range of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. initial liquid culture investigation showed that the sugar ester p-1670 resulted in a synergist enhancement of the bacteriostatic activity of nisin against gram-positive bacteria and not gram-negative bacteria. some enhancement of the bactericidal activity of nisin against listeria monocytoge ... | 1998 | 9871322 |
| persistence of salmonella enteritidis from one day of age until maturity in experimentally infected layer chickens. | in each of two replicate trials, 1-d-old chicks were inoculated orally with a phage type 13 salmonella enteritidis isolate (resistant to nalidixic acid). although s. enteritidis was found in the livers, spleens, and ceca of all sampled chicks at 1 wk postinoculation, colonization generally persisted beyond 4 wk postinoculation only in the ceca. nearly half of the remaining hens were still shedding s. enteritidis in their feces at 24 wk of age, but only 1 of 62 hens laid eggs that were internally ... | 1998 | 9872575 |
| b-complex associated immunity to salmonella enteritidis challenge in congenic chickens. | six trials were conducted during which a total of 12 congenic lines (university of california-davis, ucd) homozygous for various b-complex haplotypes, were challenged as neonates by intraperitoneal injection with either of two isolates of salmonella enteritidis. because these b haplotypes were expressed on a common genetic background (highly inbred line ucd 003), and mortality differences among lines were statistically significant in three of the six trials, and morbidity (body weight) differenc ... | 1998 | 9872588 |
| bacterial resistance to ultrasonic waves under pressure at nonlethal (manosonication) and lethal (manothermosonication) temperatures. | the decimal reduction times of streptococcus faecium, listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enteritidis, and aeromonas hydrophila corresponding to heat treatment at 62 degrees c were 7.1, 0.34, 0.024, and 0.0096 min, and those corresponding to manosonication treatment (40 degrees c, 200 kpa, 117 microm) were 4.0, 1.5, 0.86, and 0.90 min, respectively. the manosonication decimal reduction times of the four species investigated decreased sixfold when the amplitude was increased from 62 to 150 microm ... | 1999 | 9872795 |
| an unusual haemarthrosis in an hiv-seronegative haemophilia a patient. | we report the case of a severe haemophilia a patient with an anti-factor viii antibody who presented with a thigh haematoma and 1 year later with an elbow haemarthrosis infected by salmonella enteritidis. these two infections were treated by antibiotics. the probable origin of these infections seems to be an anal fistula. the occurrence of a septic arthritis due to salmonella is rare, and to our knowledge has never been reported in hiv-negative haemophilic patients. the differential diagnosis of ... | 1998 | 9873882 |
| evaluation of pcr-based methods and ribotyping performed with a mixture of psti and sphi to differentiate strains of salmonella serotype enteritidis. | the capacity to differentiate salmonella serotype enteritidis strains by pcr ribotyping; rapd typing with three arbitrary primers and ribotyping with a mixture of psti and sphi or 'ps ribotyping', was evaluated on a series of 65 strains associated with human infections and 11 reference strains. the series had been analysed previously by phage typing and ribotyping performed with psti and sphi, separately. all methods typed all the strains; however, only ribotyping showed good reproducibility and ... | 1998 | 9879943 |
| sere, a widely dispersed bacterial repetitive dna element. | the presence of a salmonella serotype enteritidis repeat element (sere) located within the upstream regulatory region of the sefabcd operon encoding fimbrial proteins is reported. dna dot-blot hybridisation analyses and computerised searches of genetic databases indicate that sere is well conserved and widely distributed throughout the bacterial and archaeal kingdoms. a sere-based polymerase chain reaction (sere-pcr) assay was developed to fingerprint 54 isolates of enteritidis representing nine ... | 1998 | 9879967 |
| antibacterial activity of lactobacillus species against vibrio species. | forty-one lactobacillus strains were tested for antagonistic activity against nine strains of vibrio. l. plantarum and l. casei were the most effective, and l. brevis was the least effective in inhibiting the growth of vibrio species. l. gasseri and l. helveticus strains showed higher activity, while l. reuteri and l. fermentum showed lower inhibitory activity against vibrio species. l. acidophilus strains exhibited various degrees of antagonistic activities against vibrio species. however, none ... | 1998 | 9880930 |
| application of recombinant fimbrial protein for the specific detection of salmonella enteritidis infection in poultry. | a number of disease outbreaks of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis (se) in humans have been traced to the consumption of se-contaminated egg and egg products. a rapid, specific, and inexpensive method of detecting se infection in poultry is necessary to reduce human outbreaks. we evaluated rsef14 fimbrial antigen of se for specific detection of se-infected birds in latex agglutination test and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. rsef14 antigen was highly specific in identifying birds infec ... | 1998 | 9884830 |
| supraclavicular abscess caused by salmonella enteritidis in patient without gastrointestinal symptoms. | soft tissue infections are among the rare manifestations of extra intestinal salmonellosis and occur more frequently in immunocompromised patients. herein we report a case of a 51-year-old white male with type ii. diabetes mellitus, diagnosed with supraclavicular abscess caused by salmonella enteritidis. the patient denied any gastrointestinal symptoms, and stool cultures were negative. after incision, drainage, and administration of intravenous ampicillin (4 x 1.5 g/day for two weeks) the patie ... | 1998 | 9885147 |
| [epidemic outbreaks of salmonellosis caused by eating eggs]. | investigation of outbreaks of foodborne infections (ofi) by salmonella associated with the consumption of hens' eggs from a same classification center of castellón, and determination of origin, extension and to take measures of control and prevention. | 1998 | 9887627 |
| [an epidemic of salmonellosis in the first league hockey team]. | the authors describe an epidemic of salmonellosis in 27 players and officials of the first league hockey team hc kometa brno which developed in conjunction with the consumption of a lunch in the facilities where the team usually takes its meals before competitions. the disease affected without exception all participants of the lunch, had a very severe course with high temperatures, weakness and intense diarrhoea sometimes with vomiting. the disease persisted for 3-6 days, the loss of body weight ... | 1998 | 9919819 |
| the effect of a tyrosine kinase inhibitor on endotoxin mortality and splenocyte mediator production in the neonatal rat. | tyrosine kinases mediate cellular signal transduction to endotoxin. a class of tyrosine kinase inhibitors, the tyrphostins, have been shown to protect mice from endotoxin-induced lethality. neonatal rats and mice have been shown to be uniquely susceptible to lethal endotoxic shock. in our study, the effect of a lipophilic tyrphostin, ag 556, on endotoxin-induced neonatal and adult mortality and in vitro neonatal splenic cell thromboxane (txb2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha), and nitric ... | 1999 | 9921714 |
| cheesecake: a potential vehicle for salmonellosis? | this study was conducted to investigate the potential hazard of salmonella enteritidis surviving during the preparation and baking of cheesecake. batters prepared with standard- and reduced-fat ingredients were inoculated with a 5-strain cocktail of s. enteritidis (10 and 10(6) cfu/g) and were then baked according to a typical cheesecake recipe. after baking, the cheesecakes were refrigerated overnight before the survival of s. enteritidis was determined either by direct plating or after enrichm ... | 1999 | 9921824 |