| gbf1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for arf, is crucial for coxsackievirus b3 rna replication. | the replication of enteroviruses is sensitive to brefeldin a (bfa), an inhibitor of endoplasmic reticulum-to-golgi network transport that blocks activation of guanine exchange factors (gefs) of the arf gtpases. mammalian cells contain three bfa-sensitive arf gefs: gbf1, big1, and big2. here, we show that coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) rna replication is insensitive to bfa in mdck cells, which contain a bfa-resistant gbf1 due to mutation m832l. further evidence for a critical role of gbf1 stems from th ... | 2009 | 19740986 |
| vitronectin receptors, alpha v integrins, are recognized by several non-rgd-containing echoviruses in a continuous laboratory cell line and also in primary human langerhans' islets and endothelial cells. | previously published data suggest that the rgd-recognizing integrin, alphavbeta3, known as the vitronectin receptor, acts as a cellular receptor for rgd-containing enteroviruses, coxsackievirus a9 (cav-9) and echovirus 9 (e-9), in several continuous cell lines as well as in primary human langerhans' islets. as this receptor is also capable of binding the ligands by a non-rgd-dependent mechanism, we investigated whether vitronectin receptors, alpha v integrins, might act as receptors for other ec ... | 2010 | 19776235 |
| [acute myocarditis due to coxsackie virus b3 in two infants]. | in the spring and summer of 2008 two seriously ill male infants were admitted to a paediatric intensive care unit. initially, both had a fever, were drinking less and were pale complexioned. physical examination revealed tachycardia, slow capillary filling and liver enlargement. within a few hours, both infants developed circulatory and respiratory failure. a chest radiograph showed that the heart was enlarged and echocardiography revealed that the pump function of both ventricles was severely d ... | 2009 | 19785892 |
| infection with viruses from several families triggers autoimmune diabetes in lew*1wr1 rats: prevention of diabetes by maternal immunization. | the contribution of antecedent viral infection to the development of type 1 diabetes in humans is controversial. using a newer rat model of the disease, we sought to 1) identify viruses capable of modulating diabetes penetrance, 2) identify conditions that increase or decrease the diabetogenicity of infection, and 3) determine whether maternal immunization would prevent diabetes. | 2010 | 19794063 |
| il-10 is pathogenic during the development of coxsackievirus b4-induced chronic pancreatitis. | using a mouse model of coxsackievirus b4 (cvb4-v)-induced chronic pancreatitis, we investigated whether cytokines are involved in the progression of acute disease to chronic inflammatory disease. we show that il-10 contributed to the development of chronic pancreatitis since acute disease resolved when il-10 was absent or when il-10 signaling was disrupted. we explored the underlying mechanisms by which il-10 affected disease progression, using a novel approach to assess immunological events occ ... | 2009 | 19800092 |
| development and laboratory evaluation of a lateral flow device for the detection of swine vesicular disease virus in clinical samples. | a lateral flow device (lfd) for the detection of swine vesicular disease (svd) virus (svdv) and differential diagnosis from foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) was developed using a monoclonal antibody (mab c70). the performance of the lfd was evaluated in the laboratory on suspensions of vesicular epithelia and cell culture passage derived supernatants of svdv and porcine teschovirus (enterovirus; pev). the collection of test samples included 157 which were positive for svdv (84 vesicular epithelial s ... | 2010 | 19819260 |
| coxsackievirus b3 inhibits antigen presentation in vivo, exerting a profound and selective effect on the mhc class i pathway. | many viruses encode proteins whose major function is to evade or disable the host t cell response. nevertheless, most viruses are readily detected by host t cells, and induce relatively strong t cell responses. herein, we employ transgenic cd4(+) and cd8(+) t cells as sensors to evaluate in vitro and in vivo antigen presentation by coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3), and we show that this virus almost completely inhibits antigen presentation via the mhc class i pathway, thereby evading cd8(+) t cell immun ... | 2009 | 19834548 |
| mda5 and mavs mediate type i interferon responses to coxsackie b virus. | coxsackie b viruses (cvb) are enteroviruses that have been associated with a variety of human diseases, including myocarditis. in the present study, we found that mda5 and its adaptor molecule mavs are critical for type i interferon responses to cvb, since the absence of either mavs or mda5 leads to deficient type i interferon production and early mortality in mice infected with cvb. pancreatic and hepatic necrosis were observed on histopathological examination of mavs and mda5 knockout mice inf ... | 2010 | 19846534 |
| avoiding drug-resistance development by novel approach of combining anti-enteroviral substances against coxsackievirus b1 infection in mice. | current study presents a novel scheme for combined application of anti-enteroviral substances in coxsackievirus b1 neuroinfection in newborn mice. it consists of a consecutive alternating, not simultaneous, administration of the substances in combination. a triple combination showing good efficacy was selected as a result of a screening of double, triple and quadruple combinations of enteroviral inhibitors. its effectiveness is expressed in lengthening of the mean survival time and about 50% red ... | 2010 | 19900482 |
| blocking the cd40-cd40l interaction by cd40-ig reduces disease progress in murine myocarditis induced by cvb3. | cd40 and cd40l, as costimulatory molecules, are reported to play a critical role for cytokine production and antigen-specific t-cell activation in acute viral myocarditis (vmc). the purpose of this study was to probe the therapeutic effect of cd40-ig in coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3)-induced myocarditis. | 2010 | 19914091 |
| molecular mechanism of alpha2beta1 integrin interaction with human echovirus 1. | conformational activation increases the affinity of integrins to their ligands. on ligand binding, further changes in integrin conformation elicit cellular signalling. unlike any of the natural ligands of alpha2beta1 integrin, human echovirus 1 (ev1) seemed to bind more avidly a 'closed' than an activated 'open' form of the alpha2i domain. furthermore, a mutation e336a in the alpha2 subunit, which inactivated alpha2beta1 as a collagen receptor, enhanced alpha2beta1 binding to ev1. thus, ev1 seem ... | 2010 | 19927126 |
| the heart-protective mechanism of qishaowuwei formula on murine viral myocarditis induced by cvb3. | the heart-protective effect and mechanism of qishaowuwei formula (qsw), a traditional chinese medicine formula composed of radix astragali, radix paeoniae rubra and fructus schisandrae was investigated on murine model of viral myocarditis (vmc) induced by coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3). | 2010 | 19932162 |
| usefulness of real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of echovirus aseptic meningitis using cerebrospinal fluid. | quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (q-rt-pcr) was used to diagnose echovirus infection and the results were compared to those obtained with the viral culture rate. cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from a total of 40 aseptic meningitis patients was used. positive csf samples, determined by viral culture (n=29), contained significantly higher echovirus genome copy numbers (mean, 329 copies/microl) than did culture-negative csf samples (n=11) (mean, 34.2 copies/microl; ... | 2009 | 19934538 |
| application of small interfering rnas modified by unlocked nucleic acid (una) to inhibit the heart-pathogenic coxsackievirus b3. | this study describes the first application of unlocked nucleic acid (una)-modified small interfering rnas (sirnas) directed against a medically relevant target, the coxsackievirus b3. we systematically analyzed the impact of different sirna modification patterns and observed good compatibility of the introduction of una with the maintenance of high antiviral activity. additionally, the polarity of an sirna was successfully reversed by modulating the relative stability of the termini with locked ... | 2010 | 20005874 |
| impact of diagnostic procedures on patient management and hospitalization cost during the 2000 and 2005 enterovirus epidemics in marseilles, france. | enteroviruses are frequent aetiological agents of central nervous system infections in humans. in 2000 and 2005, two large outbreaks of echovirus 30 (a member of species human enterovirus b) were observed in the university hospitals of marseilles (france). between the two epidemics, the diagnostic protocols for enterovirus infection were modified, moving from viral cultures and classic rt-pcr in 2000 to real-time rt-pcr in 2005. we compared some viral and epidemiological characteristics of the 2 ... | 2010 | 20015267 |
| left ventricular enlargement in coxsackievirus-b3 induced chronic myocarditis--ongoing inflammation and an imbalance of the matrix degrading system. | enteroviruses, especially coxsackie b3 virus (cvb-3), cause acute viral myocarditis, but the detailed mechanisms leading to chronic left ventricular dysfunction and dilatation remain elusive. myocardial tissues of cvb-3 infected and sham infected male swr/j mice were analyzed after hemodynamic evaluation on days 4, 7, and 28 p.i. by rt-pcr, gelatin zymography, elisa, immunohistochemistry, sirius red staining, and luxol fast blue staining. in the early phase after infection an abnormal diastolic ... | 2010 | 20035743 |
| detection of non-polio enteroviruses in hungary 2000-2008 and molecular epidemiology of enterovirus 71, coxsackievirus a16, and echovirus 30. | human enteroviruses are associated with various clinical syndromes from minor febrile illness to severe, potentially fatal conditions like aseptic meningitis, paralysis, myocarditis, and neonatal enteroviral sepsis. between june 2000 and august 2008 echovirus (e) type 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11, 13, 25, 30, coxsackievirus (cv) -a16, -a19, -b5, and enterovirus 71 (ev71) were reported in hungary. in this study, 29 previously enterovirus positive samples from 28 patients diagnosed with hand, foot and mouth ... | 2010 | 20044791 |
| critical issues related to porcine xenograft exposure to human viruses: lessons from allotransplantation. | xenotransplantation of tissues from swine into humans poses the threat of bidirectional transfer of porcine or human microorganisms to the recipient or to the xenograft, respectively. this review focuses on recipient-derived infection. recent data are reviewed that assess the susceptibility of porcine cells to human viruses. on the basis of the experience in allotransplantation, potential consequences for the xenograft are discussed. | 2010 | 20061950 |
| difference in susceptibility to mxa protein between a coxsackievirus b1 isolate and prototype, impact of serial cell culture passage. | human enteroviruses (evs) cause a broad spectrum of acute and chronic diseases including meningitis and myocarditis. the type i interferon-induced mxa protein has been shown to inhibit the replication of an ev, coxsackievirus b4 (cvb4), but not cardioviruses such as encephalomyocarditis virus and mengo virus, members of the picornaviridae family. evs consist of more than 60 distinct serotypes against which the antiviral activity of mxa was not investigated yet. the main aim of this study was to ... | 2010 | 20087945 |
| internalization of coxsackievirus a9 is mediated by {beta}2-microglobulin, dynamin, and arf6 but not by caveolin-1 or clathrin. | coxsackievirus a9 (cav9) is a member of the human enterovirus b species within the enterovirus genus of the family picornaviridae. it has been shown to utilize alphav integrins, particularly alphavbeta6, as its receptors. the endocytic pathway by which cav9 enters human cells after the initial attachment to the cell surface has so far been unknown. here, we present a systematic study concerning the internalization mechanism of cav9 to a549 human lung carcinoma cells. the small interfering rna (s ... | 2010 | 20089652 |
| targeting enteroviral 2a protease by a 16-mer synthetic peptide: inhibition of 2apro-induced apoptosis in a stable tet-on hela cell line. | enteroviridae such as coxsackievirus are important infectious agents causing viral heart diseases. viral protease 2a (2apro) initiates the virus life cycle, and is an excellent target for developing antiviral drugs. here, to evaluate the validity of the 2apro as a proper therapeutic target, and based on the existing information and molecular dynamics, a 16-mer peptide was designed to specifically target the active site of protease 2apro in order to block the activity of cvb3 2apro. we showed tha ... | 2010 | 20096913 |
| [analysis of 62 adult patients with viral meningitis]. | to investigate the clinical manifestation, cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and auxiliary examination findings of adult viral meningitis. | 2009 | 20104783 |
| characterization of anti-coxsackie virus b3 constituents of radix astragali by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. | to profile the anti-coxsackie virus b3 constituents of radix astragali, an hplc-dad-ms(n) analytical method, combined with an in vivo test, has been developed to identify the constituents of the active part, which has been demonstrated to have potency to inhibit the proliferation of virus in cardiac muscle, alleviate infraction in heart and elevate the survival rate of the animal. by comparing their retention time and ms data with those obtained from the authentic compounds and the published dat ... | 2010 | 20120039 |
| full-genome sequence analysis of a multirecombinant echovirus 3 strain isolated from sewage in greece. | an echovirus 3 (echo3) strain (strain lr31g7) was isolated from a sewage treatment plant in greece in 2005. full-genome molecular, phylogenetic, and simplot analyses were conducted in order to reveal the evolutionary pathways of the isolate. nucleotide and phylogenetic analyses of part of the vp1 genomic region revealed that the isolated strain correlates with echo3 strains isolated during the same year in france and japan, implying that the same virus circulated in europe and asia. lr31g7 was f ... | 2010 | 20129960 |
| can human viruses infect porcine xenografts? | xenotransplantation exposes the recipient to known and unknown pathogens of the donor pig (donor-derived xenosis). a major effort has been undertaken to minimize the risk of transmission from the donor using specialized breeding techniques. with the exception of endogenous retroviruses and porcine lymphotropic herpesvirus, exclusion of known pathogens was successful and has eliminated a majority of donor pathogens. in the recipient, enhanced replication of many pathogens will be stimulated by th ... | 2010 | 20149184 |
| oral treatment with he3286 ameliorates disease in rodent models of rheumatoid arthritis. | he3286 (17alpha-ethynyl-5-androstene-3beta, 7beta, 17beta-triol) is an orally bio-available synthetic derivative of naturally occurring androstene-3beta, 7beta, 17beta-triol. our present data show that oral treatment with he3286, favourably influenced the course of arthritis in the rat model of adjuvant-induced arthritis (reduced cumulative disease scores and paw edema), and in the mouse model of collagen antibody-induced arthritis (reduced clinical paw scores). importantly, he3286 was not immun ... | 2010 | 20198312 |
| myeloid differentiation factor-88 contributes to tlr9-mediated modulation of acute coxsackievirus b3-induced myocarditis in vivo. | toll-like receptor 9 (tlr9) is a member of the innate immune system and has been shown to influence myocardial function, but its role in myocarditis is hitherto unknown. we therefore investigated whether or not tlr9 plays a role in this disease in coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3)-induced myocarditis in mice. left ventricular (lv) function, cardiac immune cell infiltration, virus mrna, and components of the tlr9 downstream pathway were investigated in tlr9-deficient [knockout (ko)] and wild-type (wt) mic ... | 2010 | 20228254 |
| molecular characterization of echovirus 30-associated outbreak of aseptic meningitis in korea in 2008. | evaluation of the primary etiologic agents that cause aseptic meningitis outbreaks may provide valuable information regarding the prevention and management of aseptic meningitis. in korea, an outbreak of aseptic meningitis caused by echovirus type 30 (e30) occurred from may to october in 2008. in order to determine the etiologic agent, csf and/or stool specimens from 140 children hospitalized for aseptic meningitis at soonchunhyang university cheonan hospital between june and october of 2008 wer ... | 2010 | 20372040 |
| a single coxsackievirus b2 capsid residue controls cytolysis and apoptosis in rhabdomyosarcoma cells. | coxsackievirus b2 (cvb2), one of six human pathogens of the group b coxsackieviruses within the enterovirus genus of picornaviridae, causes a wide spectrum of human diseases ranging from mild upper respiratory illnesses to myocarditis and meningitis. the cvb2 prototype strain ohio-1 (cvb2o) was originally isolated from a patient with summer grippe in the 1950s. later on, cvb2o was adapted to cytolytic replication in rhabdomyosarcoma (rd) cells. here, we present analyses of the correlation betwee ... | 2010 | 20375176 |
| antiviral effect of bosentan and valsartan during coxsackievirus b3 infection of human endothelial cells. | in viral myocarditis, adeno- and enteroviruses have most commonly been implicated as causes of infection. both viruses require the human coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (car) to infect the myocardium. due to its crucial role for viral entry, car-downregulation may lead to novel approaches for treatment for viral myocarditis. in this study, we report on pharmaceutical drug influences on car levels in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (huvec) and cervical carcinoma cells (hela) detected by immu ... | 2010 | 20392896 |
| [detection of coxsackie b3 virus infection in newborn care unit using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction method]. | to explore the sensitivity of reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) method for detection of coxsackie virus b3 (coxb3) infection. | 2010 | 20396370 |
| molecular beacon-quantum dot-au nanoparticle hybrid nanoprobes for visualizing virus replication in living cells. | here we describe a new hybrid fluorescent nanoprobe composed of a nuclease-resistant molecular beacon (mb) backbone, cdse-zns core-shell quantum dots (qds) as donors, and gold nanoparticles (au nps) as quenchers, for the real-time visualization of virus replication in living cells. by using a au np-mb to qd ratio of 6 : 1, a 7.3-fold increase in fluorescent signal was achieved upon target binding. for living cell experiments, a hexahistidine-appended tat peptide was self-assembled onto the qd su ... | 2010 | 20419176 |
| [extraction, selenium-nanoparticle preparation and anti-virus bioactivity determination of polysaccharides from caulerpa taxifolia]. | to extract polysaccharides from caulerpa taxifolia and determine its anti-virus bioactivity. | 2009 | 20432908 |
| prognosis for neonates with enterovirus myocarditis. | to assess the severity of the disease and the long-term cardiac prognosis for neonates who developed enterovirus (ev) myocarditis within the first weeks of life. | 2010 | 20444813 |
| [oxidative stress in patients with type i diabetes mellitus and persistent coxsackie virus b infection as the reason of dysfunction of the immune system]. | a chronic inflammatory process takes place in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1. numerous disorders of the immune status and complications testify the present of this process. the presence of chronic inflammation at diabetes mellitus enhances free radical reactions which are accompanied by oxidative stress. | 2009 | 20455442 |
| studies of echovirus 5 interactions with the cell surface: heparan sulfate mediates attachment to the host cell. | infections caused by echovirus 5 (e5), an enterovirus of the picornaviridae family, have been associated with fever, rashes and sporadic cases of aseptic meningitis. to elucidate the receptor usage of this virus, the significance of a previously proposed integrin binding arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (rgd) motif found in the vp3 capsid protein was investigated, as well as the capacity of e5 to interact with heparan sulfate on the cell surface. using the prototype strain e5 noyce (e5n), an e5n m ... | 2010 | 20466025 |
| use of propidium monoazide in reverse transcriptase pcr to distinguish between infectious and noninfectious enteric viruses in water samples. | human enteric viruses can be present in untreated and inadequately treated drinking water. molecular methods, such as the reverse transcriptase pcr (rt-pcr), can detect viral genomes in a few hours, but they cannot distinguish between infectious and noninfectious viruses. since only infectious viruses are a public health concern, methods that not only are rapid but also provide information on the infectivity of viruses are of interest. the intercalating dye propidium monoazide (pma) has been use ... | 2010 | 20472736 |
| differential effects of the putative gbf1 inhibitors golgicide a and ag1478 on enterovirus replication. | the genus enterovirus, belonging to the family picornaviridae, includes well-known pathogens, such as poliovirus, coxsackievirus, and rhinovirus. brefeldin a (bfa) impedes replication of several enteroviruses through inhibition of golgi-specific bfa resistance factor 1 (gbf1), a regulator of secretory pathway integrity and transport. gbf1 mediates the gtp exchange of arf1, which in activated form recruits coatomer protein complex i (cop-i) to golgi vesicles, a process important in transport betw ... | 2010 | 20504936 |
| regulating viral myocarditis: allografted regulatory t cells decrease immune infiltration and viral load. | | 2010 | 20529996 |
| regulatory t cells protect mice against coxsackievirus-induced myocarditis through the transforming growth factor beta-coxsackie-adenovirus receptor pathway. | coxsackievirus b3 infection is an excellent model of human myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. cardiac injury is caused either by a direct cytopathic effect of the virus or through immune-mediated mechanisms. regulatory t cells (tregs) play an important role in the negative modulation of host immune responses and set the threshold of autoimmune activation. this study was designed to test the protective effects of tregs and to determine the underlying mechanisms. | 2010 | 20530002 |
| effects of source water quality on chlorine inactivation of adenovirus, coxsackievirus, echovirus, and murine norovirus. | more information is needed on the disinfection efficacy of chlorine for viruses in source water. in this study, chlorine disinfection efficacy was investigated for usepa contaminant candidate list viruses coxsackievirus b5 (cvb5), echovirus 1 (e1), murine norovirus (mnv), and human adenovirus 2 (hadv2) in one untreated groundwater source and two partially treated surface waters. disinfection experiments using ph 7 and 8 source water were carried out in duplicate, using 0.2 and 1 mg/liter free ch ... | 2010 | 20562285 |
| [comparison of different elisas for detection of antibodies to swine vesicular disease virus in sera from experimentally infected animals]. | the study has shown the efficiency of a competitive elisa (c-elisa) variant or an indirect elisa (i-elusa) in the detection of antibodies to swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) versus traditional assays, such as a microneutralization test, a blocking elida test, and a the reference test ceditest svdv (cedi-diagnostics b.v., netherlands). specific antibodies in the pig sera could be detected by c-elisa on days 4-5 and by i-elisa on day 6 after experimental svdv infection. specific antibodies wer ... | 2010 | 20608082 |
| evolutionary dynamics and temporal/geographical correlates of recombination in the human enterovirus echovirus types 9, 11, and 30. | the relationship between virus evolution and recombination in species b human enteroviruses was investigated through large-scale genetic analysis of echovirus type 9 (e9) and e11 isolates (n = 85 and 116) from 16 european, african, and asian countries between 1995 and 2008. cluster 1 e9 isolates and genotype d5 and a e11 isolates showed evidence of frequent recombination between the vp1 and 3dpol regions, the latter falling into 23 (e9) and 43 (e11) clades interspersed phylogenetically with 46 3 ... | 2010 | 20610722 |
| repeated genomic transfers from echovirus 30 to echovirus 6 lineages indicate co-divergence between co-circulating populations of the two human enterovirus serotypes. | human echovirus types 6 (e-6) and 30 (e-30) cause seasonal epidemics of aseptic meningitis. these two enteroviruses are frequently observed in co-circulation, an epidemiological pattern that is prerequisite for the occurrence of dual infections, which can lead to recombination between co-infecting virus strains. viral sequences were determined at loci 1d (vp1 capsid protein) and 3cd (non structural proteins) in 49 e-6 strains recovered in a single geographical region in france from 1999 to 2007, ... | 2011 | 20615482 |
| enteroviruses and type 1 diabetes: towards a better understanding of the relationship. | environmental factors, especially viruses, are involved in the initiation or the acceleration of type 1 diabetes (t1d) pathogenesis. epidemiological data strongly suggest that enteroviruses, such as coxsackievirus b4 (cv-b4), can be associated with t1d. it has been demonstrated that enterovirus infections were significantly more prevalent in at risk individuals, such as siblings of diabetic patients, when they developed anti-beta-cell autoantibodies or t1d, and in recently diagnosed diabetic pat ... | 2010 | 20629044 |
| characterization of a putative ancestor of coxsackievirus b5. | like other rna viruses, coxsackievirus b5 (cvb5) exists as circulating heterogeneous populations of genetic variants. in this study, we present the reconstruction and characterization of a probable ancestral virion of cvb5. phylogenetic analyses based on capsid protein-encoding regions (the vp1 gene of 41 clinical isolates and the entire p1 region of eight clinical isolates) of cvb5 revealed two major cocirculating lineages. ancestral capsid sequences were inferred from sequences of these contem ... | 2010 | 20631132 |
| arsenic trioxide influences viral replication in target organs of coxsackievirus b3-infected mice. | new antiviral agents are urgently needed. based on in vitro studies, arsenic trioxide (as₂o₃) seems to affect viral replication, although this has been studied only marginally in vivo. in this study the replication of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) was studied in balb/c mice administered 1 mg as₂o₃/kg bw once daily during 7 days of infection and in vero cells exposed for 3 or 5 days to 0.4, 2 or 4 μm as₂o₃. viral rna was measured by reverse transcription pcr (rt-pcr) (in vitro and in vivo) and arsenic ... | 2010 | 20638482 |
| rapid construction of adeno-associated virus vectors expressing multiple short hairpin rnas with high antiviral activity against echovirus 30. | rna interference has proven to be a powerful tool to inhibit viruses. for the prevention of viral escape, multiple short hairpin rnas (shrnas) will have to be employed. this article describes a rapid procedure for the generation of shrna expression cassettes by parallel cloning as well as a simple strategy for the combination of selected units. after delivery of the shrna expression cassettes with adeno-associated virus vectors, inhibition of echovirus 30 as well as silencing of an important cel ... | 2010 | 20649454 |
| [antifibrotic effects of oxymatrine in mice with chronic viral myocarditis]. | to compare the antifibrotic effect of oxymatrine and captopril in mice with chronic viral myocarditis (cvmc) and determine the possible antifibrotic mechanism of oxymatrine in cvmc. | 2010 | 20654016 |
| severe spontaneous properitoneal hemorrhage following ventral hernia repair caused by viral infection: report of a case. | the authors report a case of severe spontaneous hemorrhage in a patient who underwent surgical repair of an upper umbilical ventral hernia with placement of a polypropylene mesh. on the third postoperative day the patient experienced bleeding in the properitoneal space (above and below the mesh), which spread up to and along the retroperitoneal area, causing severe hypovolemic shock. postoperative investigations finally identified a virus as the cause of the complication. | 2010 | 20668425 |
| enterovirus type 71 2a protease functions as a transcriptional activator in yeast. | enterovirus type 71 (ev71) 2a protease exhibited strong transcriptional activity in yeast cells. the transcriptional activity of 2a protease was independent of its protease activity. ev71 2a protease retained its transcriptional activity after truncation of 40 amino acids at the n-terminus but lost this activity after truncation of 60 amino acids at the n-terminus or deletion of 20 amino acids at the c-terminus. thus, the acidic domain at the c-terminus of this protein is essential for its trans ... | 2010 | 20682079 |
| antibody-dependent enhancement of coxsackievirus b3 infection of primary cd19+ b lymphocytes. | coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) is associated with several different acute and chronic forms of human disease, including myocarditis, aseptic meningitis, and pancreatitis. moreover, cvb3 also infects immune cells like cd19+ b lymphocytes, but the viral uptake mechanism into these cells is not well understood. therefore, primary murine and human cd19+ b cells were isolated by magnetic-activated cell separation technology and analyzed for virus receptor expression, antibody-dependent enhancement of viral ... | 2010 | 20712481 |
| [molecular characterization of coxsackievirus b3 isolated from an outbreak of aseptic meningitis in shandong province, china]. | to identify the pathogen caused an outbreak of aseptic meningitis in tancheng county of shandong province in 2008, and to analyze the molecular characterization of vp1 gene of the coxsackievirus b3(cvb3) isolates. | 2009 | 20718355 |
| proteasome activator reggamma enhances coxsackieviral infection by facilitating p53 degradation. | coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) is a small rna virus associated with diseases such as myocarditis, meningitis, and pancreatitis. we have previously demonstrated that proteasome inhibition reduces cvb3 replication and attenuates virus-induced myocarditis. however, the underlying mechanisms by which the ubiquitin/proteasome system regulates cvb replication remain unclear. in this study, we investigated the role of regγ, a member of the 11s proteasome activator, in cvb3 replication. we showed that overexp ... | 2010 | 20719955 |
| α-galactosylceramide protects mice from lethal coxsackievirus b3 infection and subsequent myocarditis. | myocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium which often follows virus infections. coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3), as a marker of the enterovirus group, is one of the most important infectious agents of virus-induced myocarditis. using a cvb3-induced myocarditis model, we show that injection α-galactosylceramide (α-galcer), a ligand for invariant natural killer (nk) t (ink t) cells, can protect the mice from viral myocarditis. after the systemic administration of α-galcer in cvb3 infected mice, vi ... | 2010 | 20726989 |
| th17 cells contribute to viral replication in coxsackievirus b3-induced acute viral myocarditis. | acute viral myocarditis (avmc) is characterized by virus-triggered myocardial inflammation, and coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) is the primary pathogen. we previously proved that th17 cells, besides having proinflammatory effects, were involved in avmc by enhancing humoral response. however, the relationship between th17 cells and cvb3 replication remains unknown. in this experiment, we infected balb/c mice with cvb3 for establishing avmc models and then found that, with the increase of viral replicati ... | 2010 | 20802148 |
| a survey of porcine picornaviruses and adenoviruses in fecal samples in spain. | in the course of an epidemiologic surveillance program for swine diseases carried out in spain, 206 cytopathic viruses were isolated from 600 porcine fecal samples between 2004 and 2005. the virus isolates were examined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) methods specific for different types of porcine picornaviruses, including members of the teschovirus, enterovirus, and sapelovirus genera, and pcr for porcine adenoviruses. of the 206 isolates, 97 (47%) were identifie ... | 2010 | 20807938 |
| oral immunization with a live coxsackievirus/hiv recombinant induces gag p24-specific t cell responses. | the development of an hiv/aids vaccine has proven to be elusive. because human vaccine trials have not yet demonstrated efficacy, new vaccine strategies are needed for the hiv vaccine pipeline. we have been developing a new hiv vaccine platform using a live enterovirus, coxsackievirus b4 (cvb4) vector. enteroviruses are ideal candidates for development as a vaccine vector for oral delivery, because these viruses normally enter the body via the oral route and survive the acidic environment of the ... | 2010 | 20824074 |
| [complete genome sequence of coxsackievirus b5 (cvb5/09) strain isolated in china and its phylogenetic analysis]. | an outbreak of hand foot and mouth disease occurred in shang dong, china in 2009. almost 20% of patient's swabs was positive for coxsackie virus b5 (cvb5) identified by rt-pcr and sequencing. it was suggested that cvb5 may be another important pathogen for hfmd. fifteen pairs of overlapping primers were designed and the genome sequence was sequenced. the genome of cvb5 was 7 399 nt in length, coding for 2 185aa. the genome displayed 80.6%-85.3% nucleotide sequence identity and 96.1%-96.9% amino ... | 2010 | 20836381 |
| type b coxsackieviruses and their interactions with the innate and adaptive immune systems. | coxsackieviruses are important human pathogens, and their interactions with the innate and adaptive immune systems are of particular interest. many viruses evade some aspects of the innate response, but coxsackieviruses go a step further by actively inducing, and then exploiting, some features of the host cell response. furthermore, while most viruses encode proteins that hinder the effector functions of adaptive immunity, coxsackieviruses and their cousins demonstrate a unique capacity to almos ... | 2010 | 20860480 |
| coxsackievirus infection induces autophagy-like vesicles and megaphagosomes in pancreatic acinar cells in vivo. | autophagy can play an important part in protecting host cells during virus infection, and several viruses have developed strategies by which to evade or even exploit this homeostatic pathway. tissue culture studies have shown that poliovirus, an enterovirus, modulates autophagy. herein, we report on in vivo studies that evaluate the effects on autophagy of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3). we show that in pancreatic acinar cells, cvb3 induces the formation of abundant small autophagy-like vesicles and p ... | 2010 | 20861268 |
| de quervain thyroiditis in a young boy following hand-foot-mouth disease. | de quervain thyroiditis, also known as subacute thyroiditis, is a self-limited inflammatory disease of the thyroid gland. it is extremely rare in children. the hallmarks for diagnosis are painful thyroid enlargement, elevated inflammatory markers, and decreased uptake of the thyroid gland on thyroid scintigraphy. viral infection has been proposed to be associated with de quervain thyroiditis. coxsackie virus has been reported to be one of the viruses associated with the disease. to our knowledge ... | 2010 | 20886354 |
| [development of an indirect elisa for the detection of antibodies to swine vesicular disease virus during monitoring studies]. | an indirect elisa (i-elisa) has been developed for swine vesicular disease virus-specific antibody detection. the analytic sensitivity of i-elisa testing of serum samples from experimentally infected pigs with the known vn titer was 2 log2. its diagnostic specificity was demonstrated as 100% in 4485 swine serum samples from different regions of the russian federation. | 2010 | 20886713 |
| the 2c putative helicase of echovirus 30 adopts a hexameric ring-shaped structure. | the 2c protein, which is an essential atpase and one of the most conserved proteins across the picornaviridae family, is an emerging antiviral target for which structural and functional characterization remain elusive. based on a distant relationship to helicases of small dna viruses, piconavirus 2c proteins have been predicted to unwind double-stranded rnas. here, a terminally extended variant of the 2c protein from echovirus 30 has been studied by means of enzymatic activity assays, transmissi ... | 2010 | 20944244 |
| human embryonic stem cells and derived contractile embryoid bodies are susceptible to coxsakievirus b infection and respond to interferon iβ treatment. | we studied the susceptibility of human embryonic stem cells and derived contractile embryoid bodies from wao9, hues-5 and hues-16 cell lines to coxsackievirus b infection. after validating stem cell-like properties and cardiac phenotype, coxsackievirus b receptors car and daf, as well as type i interferon receptors were detected in all cell lines and differentiation stages studied. real-time pcr analysis showed that car mrna levels were 3.4-fold higher in undifferentiated cells, while daf transc ... | 2010 | 20951660 |
| a large finnish echovirus 30 outbreak was preceded by silent circulation of the same genotype. | an outbreak of echovirus 30 (e-30) in 2009 was confirmed by both frequent isolation of the virus from sewage as well as from patient samples in finland. over the last 10 years e-30 had only been isolated sporadically in finland. we here study the phylogenetic relationships of the strains from the outbreak in the context of e-30 circulation over the last 20 years. the analyzed region comprised 276 nucleotides in the 5' end of vp1 (nucleotides 132-407 in the vp1 of the e-30 bastianni strain). the ... | 2010 | 20960045 |
| expression and immunological analysis of capsid protein precursor of swine vesicular disease virus hk/70. | vp1, a capsid protein of swine vesicular disease virus, was cloned from the svdv hk/70 strain and inserted into retroviral vector pbabe puro, and expressed in pk15 cells by an retroviral expression system. the ability of the vp1 protein to induce an immune response was then evaluated in guinea pigs. western blot and elisa results indicated that the vp1 protein can be recognized by svdv positive serum, furthermore, anti-svdv specific antibodies and lymphocyte proliferation were elicited and incre ... | 2010 | 20960295 |
| a combined method for rescue of modified enteroviruses by mutagenic primers, long pcr and t7 rna polymerase-driven in vivo transcription. | the current methods for manipulation of enteroviral rna genomes and production of modified virus particles include stepwise subcloning procedures and in vitro transcription and rna transfection steps that are both time-consuming and inefficient. several enteroviral cdna clones with 5'-terminal t7 promoter and coxsackievirus a9 (cav9) pcr product with the t7 promoter were transfected successfully into target cells expressing t7 rna polymerase for the rescue of virus particles. this demonstrated t ... | 2010 | 20974179 |
| the expression and significance of proto-oncogene c-fos in viral myocarditis. | c-fos may play a role in the pathogenesis of some diseases. the expression and function of c-fos in viral myocarditis (vmc) have not yet been reported. to study the change and significance of proto-oncogene c-fos in vmc is the objective of this experiment. | 2010 | 20979618 |
| cardioprotective effect of no-metoprolol in murine coxsackievirus b3-induced myocarditis. | the effect of no-metoprolol, that is, 3-nitrooxypivaloyl metoprolol-amide, a novel no-releasing derivative of the β1-blocking drug metoprolol was investigated in a.ca/snj mice infected with coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) and compared to metoprolol and placebo. daily treatment of mice with the respective drug started immediately (experiment a) or 3 days after virus infection (experiment b) and was continued until day 13 post-infection (p.i.). two doses of no-metoprolol were administered. body mass diff ... | 2010 | 20981792 |
| a fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based fluorometer assay for screening anti-coxsackievirus b3 compounds. | in view of the need to develop a simple and rapid method to screen for antiviral therapeutic agents, a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (fret)-based reporter system consisting of engineered mammalian cells expressing a cyan fluorescent protein-yellow fluorescent protein (cfp-yfp) pair linked by a short peptide containing the cleavage site of viral protease 2a (2a(pro)) was developed. by detecting the 2a(pro) produced early during the virus infection cycle, the cfp-yfp pair effectively iden ... | 2010 | 21029747 |
| synthesis and antiviral activities of synthetic glutarimide derivatives. | a series of novel glutarimide compounds were synthesized and their antiviral activities were evaluated. the compounds displaying the strongest antiviral activities included 5, 6f, 7e and 9 against coxsackievirus b3 (cox b3), 10 and 6f against influenza virus a (influenza a) and 7a against herpes simplex virus 2 (hsv-2). however, most of the synthetic glutarimides showed comparatively much weaker activity against influenza a, cox b3 and hsv-2 than the natural glutarimide compounds tested. based o ... | 2010 | 21048333 |
| development of a minor groove binder assay for real-time one-step rt-pcr detection of swine vesicular disease virus. | the design and development of a 5' conjugated minor groove binder (mgb) probe real-time rt-pcr assay are described for rapid, sensitive and specific detection of swine vesicular disease virus (svdv) rna. the assay is designed to target the 2c gene of the svdv genome and is capable of detecting 2×10(2) copies of an rna standard per reaction. it does not detect any of the other rna viruses that cause vesicular disease in pigs, or the human enterovirus, coxsackie b5 virus (cvb5) which is closely re ... | 2010 | 21073902 |
| a case of neonatal coxsackie b virus brainstem encephalitis. | | 2010 | 21077981 |
| tripeptidyl peptidase ii serves as an alternative to impaired proteasome to maintain viral growth in the host cells. | the ubiquitin-proteasome system is known to be utilized by coxsackievirus to facilitate its propagation within the host cells. the present study explores the role of tripeptidyl peptidase ii (tppii), a serine peptidase contributing to protein turnover by acting downstream of the proteasome, in regulating coxsackievirus infection. inhibition of tppii does not affect virus replication in cells with functional proteasome. however, when the proteasome is impaired, tppii appears to serve as an altern ... | 2010 | 21134372 |
| source water quality effects on monochloramine inactivation of adenovirus, coxsackievirus, echovirus, and murine norovirus. | there is a need for more information regarding monochloramine disinfection efficacy for viruses in water. in this study, monochloramine disinfection efficacy was investigated for coxsackievirus b5 (cvb5), echovirus 11 (e11), murine norovirus (mnv), and human adenovirus 2 (hadv2) in one untreated ground water and two partially treated surface waters. duplicate disinfection experiments were completed at ph 7 and 8 in source water at concentrations of 1 and 3 mg/l monochloramine at 5 and 15 °c. the ... | 2010 | 21145573 |
| mesenchymal stem cells improve murine acute coxsackievirus b3-induced myocarditis. | aims coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3)-induced myocarditis, initially considered a sole immune-mediated disease, also results from a direct cvb3-mediated injury of the cardiomyocytes. mesenchymal stem cells (mscs) have, besides immunomodulatory, also anti-apoptotic features. in view of clinical translation, we first analysed whether mscs can be infected by cvb3. next, we explored whether and how mscs could reduce the direct cvb3-mediated cardiomyocyte injury and viral progeny release, in vitro, in the ab ... | 2010 | 21183501 |
| [construction of the recombinant adenovirus expressing the cvb3 svp1-c3d3 protein and study on its immunological effects in mice]. | to construct recombinant adenovirus ad/c3d3-svp1 and investigate the immune effects against coxsackievirus infection in mouse. | 2011 | 21208565 |
| inactivation of murine norovirus, feline calicivirus and echovirus 12 as surrogates for human norovirus (nov) and coliphage (f+) ms2 by ultraviolet light (254 nm) and the effect of cell association on uv inactivation. | to determine inactivation profiles of three human norovirus (nov) surrogate viruses and coliphage ms2 by ultraviolet (uv) irradiation and the protective effect of cell association on uv inactivation. | 2011 | 21214604 |
| [status of enterovirus infection and molecular identification among healthy children at the areas bordering myanmar, in yunnan province, china.] | objective: to explore the enterovirus infection status among healthy children under 15 years old in the border areas of yunnan province that connecting myanmar. methods: a total of 319 stool samples were collected from healthy children in the 10 entrance ports. enterovirus was isolated from these stool samples and then poliovirus and adenovirus were serotyped by neutralization test using specific anti-sera. all the non-polio enteroviruses (npevs) were identified by partial sequencing of vp1 gene ... | 2010 | 21215081 |
| trif is a critical survival factor in viral cardiomyopathy. | trif is a member of the innate immune system known to be involved in viral recognition and type i ifn activation. because ifns are thought to play an important role in viral myocarditis, we investigated the role of trif in induced myocarditis in mice. whereas c57bl/6 (wild-type) mice showed only mild myocarditis, including normal survival postinfection with coxsackievirus group b serotype 3 (cvb3), infection of trif(-/-) mice led to the induction of cardiac remodeling, severe heart failure, and ... | 2011 | 21239721 |
| destabilization of coxsackievirus b3 genome integrated with enhanced green fluorescent protein gene. | aims: to evaluate the stability of coxsackievirus b (cvb) genome integrated with the enhanced green fluorescent protein gene (egfp) and provide valuable information for the use of the recombinant cvb variant. methods: a cvb3 variant expressing egfp was constructed by insertion of the egfp open-reading frame (orf) at the 5' end of cvb3 orf. the recombinant virus cvb3-egfp was serially passaged in hela cells. the deletions in the cvb3-egfp genome around egfp were examined by reverse transcription ... | 2011 | 21242657 |
| coxsackievirus b3-associated aseptic meningitis: an emerging infection in hong kong. | enterovirus (ev) infection is a common disease of childhood and associated not uncommonly with aseptic meningitis. in the summer of 2008, laboratory surveillance has detected increased number of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) associated aseptic meningitis in hong kong, constituting 11.6% of those infected. this study analyzed the epidemiology, circulating pattern, and clinical presentations of cvb3 in hong kong over the last 10 years with reference to the circulation of ev in the locality. enterovirus ... | 2011 | 21264869 |
| variations of coxsackievirus b3 capsid primary structure, ligands, and stability are selected for in a coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor-limited environment. | while group b coxsackieviruses (cvb) use the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (car) as the receptor through which they infect susceptible cells, some cvb strains are known for their acquired capacity to bind other molecules. the cvb3/rd strain that emerged from a cvb3/nancy population sequentially passaged in the car-poor rd cell line binds decay-accelerating factor (daf) (cd55) and car. a new strain, cvb3/rdva, has been isolated from rd cells chronically infected with cvb3/rd and binds mu ... | 2011 | 21270163 |
| in vitro cytotoxic and antiviral activities of ficus carica latex extracts. | the latex of fig fruit (ficus carica) is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of skin infections such as warts and also diseases of possible viral origin. five extracts (methanolic, hexanic, ethyl acetate, hexane-ethyl acetate (v/v) and chloroformic) of this species were investigated in vitro for their antiviral potential activity against herpes simplex type 1 (hsv-1), echovirus type 11 (ecv-11) and adenovirus (adv). to evaluate the capacity of the extracts to inhibit the replication o ... | 2011 | 21294043 |
| generation of murine monoclonal antibodies which cross-neutralize human enterovirus genogroup b isolates. | a live enterovirus 71 (ev71) isolate designated, ev71/e59, with genotype b4 produced in vero cells and purified over a sucrose gradient was used as the immunogen to generate ev71-specific murine monoclonal antibodies. four hybridoma clones derived from the fusion of splenocytes of ev71/e59-preimmunized balb/c (h-2(d)) mice and the ns-1 myeloma cells that exhibit stable growth were selected for detailed characterization. the proof that the hybridomas produced are indeed true independent clones wa ... | 2011 | 21315763 |
| nasal cardiac myosin peptide treatment and ox40 blockade protect mice from acute and chronic virally-induced myocarditis. | myocarditis poses a severe health problem, can lead to dilated cardiomyopathy (dcm) and death, and is thought to be triggered by infections. enteroviruses such as coxsackie virus b3 (cvb3) have been implicated as a culprit, since they can cause acute and chronic heart disease in susceptible mice. cvb was detected in human cardiac myocytes in some cases, whereas acute cvb infection was thought to have caused death. here we studied, whether nasal administration of cardiac myosin (cm) major histoco ... | 2011 | 21333491 |
| [genetic characterization of echovirus 25 isolated from henan]. | this research firstly reported the molecular analysis of echo25 (entric cytopathic human orphanviruses type 25). to clarify molecular characteristics of the echo25 virus isolates in henan province and its relationship with the rest of world's isolates,the complete vp1 sequences of the 4 isolates in henan were successfully amplified by rt-pcr and were compared with other echo25 isolates available from genbank. compared with the prototype strain jv-4, the nucleotide sequence identity was 79.2%-80. ... | 2010 | 21344747 |
| genetic diversity of a korean echovirus 5 isolate and response of the strain to five antiviral drugs. | an outbreak of echovirus 5 (ecv 5) occurred in korea in 2006, marking the first time this virus had been identified in the country since enterovirus surveillance began in 1993. using a sample isolated from a young male patient with aseptic meningitis, we performed sequencing of the korean ecv 5 strain and compared it with a prototype strain (noyce). at the nucleotide level, the p1 region (85.3%) had the highest identity value; at the amino acid level, the p3 region (98.0%) had the highest identi ... | 2011 | 21345236 |
| enteroviral infection of a cardiac prosthetic device. | identification of the causative pathogen may be challenging in culture negative infective endocarditis (ie). | 2011 | 21367724 |
| coxsackie b3 myocarditis in a case of sudden unexpected death in young athlete: histopathological, immunohistochemical and molecularpathological for diagnosis. | virus-induced myocarditis is a common disease even in infants and young adults, but the diagnosis can be difficult according to the dallas-criteria, which have been criticized as being too unreliable. the diagnosis has been substantially improved due to immunohistochemistry (ihc) for the detection of the vp1-capsid-protein of enterovirus as well as reversetranscriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays (rt-pcr) for viral genome detection. we report an unusual case of myocarditis in a young adult ... | 2011 | 21377819 |
| rnai screening in mammalian cells to identify novel host cell molecules involved in the regulation of viral infections. | it is clear that viral entry, replication, and spread is a complex process involving a dialog between the virus and the targeted host cell. viruses have evolved highly specific strategies to hijack cellular factors to promote their internalization, initiate their replication, and facilitate their eventual spread. however, the identification of many of these host cell molecules has been hindered by the requirement for robust genome-scale loss-of-function assays that are capable of targeting a wid ... | 2011 | 21431700 |
| an epidemic of encephalitis associated with human enterovirus b in uttar pradesh, india, 2008. | human enteroviruses (hevs) are a rare cause of encephalitis, presenting in endemic or epidemic form. | 2011 | 21444241 |
| acute myocardial infarction spurred by myopericarditis in a young female patient: coxsackie b2 to blame. | myocardial virus infection may mimic but also trigger acute myocardial infarction.the present paper reports an exceedingly rare presentation of an acute myocardial infarction in a very young female associated with coxsackie b2 virus infection. a 17-year-old woman with no prior medical history presented to the cardiac intensive care unit with chest pain, st segment elevation and increased cardiac troponin with pericardial effusion one week after experiencing febrile viral gastroenteritis. given t ... | 2011 | 21446385 |
| peculiar antibody reactivity to human connexin 37 and its microbial mimics in patients with crohn's disease. | we found that pooled crohn's disease (cd) sera strongly react with a human gap-junction connexin 37 (cx37) peptide and tested for anti-cx37 antibody reactivity in sera from cd patients and controls. we also investigated whether peptide-recognition is due to cx37/microbial molecular mimicry. | 2011 | 21453878 |
| coxsackievirus preferentially replicates and induces cytopathic effects in undifferentiated neural progenitor cells. | enteroviruses, including coxsackieviruses, exhibit significant tropism for the central nervous system, and these viruses are commonly associated with viral meningitis and encephalitis. previously, we described the ability of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) to infect proliferating neuronal progenitor cells located in the neonatal subventricular zone and persist in the adult murine central nervous system (cns). here, we demonstrate that cultured murine neurospheres, which comprise neural stem cells and t ... | 2011 | 21471247 |
| coxsackievirus b3 induced cellular protrusions: structural characteristics and functional competence. | virus-induced alterations in cell morphology play important roles in viral life cycle. to examine intracellular events of coxsackievirus b3 (cvb3) infection, green monkey kidney (gmk) cells were either inoculated with the virus or transfected with the viral rna. various microscopic and flow cytometric approaches demonstrated the emergence of cvb3 capsid proteins at 8 h post transfection, followed by morphological transformation of the cells. the morphological changes included formation of membra ... | 2011 | 21525342 |
| [fulminant myocarditis and acute gastroenteritis due to coxsackie virus b6.] | we present the case of a young woman who suffered cardiogenic due to by coxsackie virus b6. the patient attended a private clinic with an acute gastroenteritis and after one hour of receiving hydratation,she developed hypotension and shock, severe hypoxemia and bilateral lung infiltrate. the patient entered the intensive care unit, where she received hemodynamic support. due to the clinical picture and cardiac enzymes increase, a cardiac failure was suspected and the echocardiographic findings s ... | 2011 | 21537784 |
| an echovirus 18 associated outbreak of aseptic meningitis in taiwan:epidemiology, diagnostic, and genetic aspects. | in 2006, an outbreak of aseptic meningitis was noted in taiwan. the majority (27.4%) of enterovirus isolates was echovirus 18 (e18). from january to october, 2006, a total of 3,283 collected from patients with viral infection, including 173 cerebrospinal fluid (csf), were examined for viral isolation and identification. phylogenetic relationship among e18 strains was probed. the epidemic saw 339 enterovirus (ev) positive cases were identified by viral culture: e.g., echovirus 18 (e18) (27.4%, 93 ... | 2011 | 21546563 |
| single amino acid changes in the virus capsid permit coxsackievirus b3 to bind decay accelerating factor. | many coxsackievirus b isolates bind to human decay accelerating factor (daf) as well as to the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (car). the first described daf-binding isolate, coxsackievirus b3 (cb3)-rd, was obtained during passage of the prototype strain cb3-nancy on rd cells, which express daf but very little car. cb3-rd binds to human daf whereas cb3-nancy does not. to determine the molecular basis for the specific interaction of cb3-rd with daf, we produced cdna clones encoding both cb ... | 2011 | 21561916 |