| expression and localization of type iii secretion-related proteins of chlamydia pneumoniae. | the entire developmental cycle of the obligate intracellular bacteria chlamydia pneumoniae takes place within the inclusion body. as many gram negative bacteria, chlamydia possess a type iii-secretion system (ttss), which allows them to target effector molecules into the host cell. the expression and localization of several proteins constituting the ttss apparatus and of proteins supposed to be secreted by the ttss have been investigated. for the ttss-constituting proteins, we selected represent ... | 2004 | 14593477 |
| infection of u937 monocytic cells with chlamydia pneumoniae induces extensive changes in host cell gene expression. | the effect of infection with chlamydia pneumoniae on host messenger rna expression in human monocytic cells with complement dna microarrays was studied. the data chronicle a cascade of transcriptional events affecting 128 genes, many of which have not previously been reported to be affected by c. pneumoniae infection. down-regulated genes are primarily associated with rna and dna metabolism, chromosomal stability, and cell-cycle regulation. up-regulated messages include those for a variety of ge ... | 2003 | 14593587 |
| [the influence of chlamydia pneumoniae infection on acute coronary syndromes]. | chlamydia pneumoniae is one of the infectious factors the role of which is considered in the process of atherosclerosis and its complications. | 2003 | 14593953 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae dna in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in healthy control subjects and patients with diabetes mellitus, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, and arterial hypertension. | infection with chlamydia pneumoniae has been suggested to play a role in the development and maintenance of atherosclerosis based on differences in the prevalence of antibodies against chlamydia pneumoniae in patients with and without atherosclerotic lesions. we evaluated the prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae dna in the white cells of the peripheral blood in 194 patients with diabetes mellitus, 50 patients with acute coronary syndrome, 102 hypertensive patients, 193 patients having suffered a s ... | 2003 | 14606608 |
| problem of chlamydia pneumoniae serology today. | | 2003 | 14606697 |
| prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae in japanese rural districts; association of smoking and physical activity with chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity. | we conducted a large-scale cross-sectional study to assess the prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae and clarify the association between seropositivity and risk factors, such as smoking status, physical activity and body mass index in japanese rural districts. | 2003 | 14606708 |
| role of chlamydia pneumoniae and mycoplasma pneumoniae as causative agents of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalised children and adolescents. | the aim of the study presented here was to determine the prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae versus mycoplasma pneumoniae infections in paediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia. a total of 50 patients (mean age, 5.5 years; median, 3.9 years) with community-acquired pneumonia were enrolled. four patients were found to have chlamydia pneumoniae infection (1 culture positive, 1 pcr positive and 2 serology positive) and 16 patients had mycoplasma pneumoniae infection (2 pcr positive, 4 p ... | 2003 | 14610659 |
| is there an increased prevalence of c. pneumoniae and h. pylori in patients with rheumatoid arthritis? | | 2003 | 14611127 |
| update of practice guidelines for the management of community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompetent adults. | | 2003 | 14614663 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and cardiovascular disease: current status. | chlamydia pneumoniae is a recently discovered respiratory pathogen that has been found in a large (> 50) percentage of atherosclerotic plaques, aortic aneuryms and astenotic aortic valves. it is also found in alzheimer plaques. c. pneumoniae should not be confused with chlamydia trachomatis, which is the cause of primarily a sexually transmitted disease. this article reviews the transmission and proliferation of c. pneumoniae and discusses its role in cardiovascular disease. | 2000 | 14619139 |
| an elevated value of c-reactive protein is the only predictive factor of restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention. | the current techniques for percutaneous coronary interventions (pci) remain limited by restenosis. recent studies have provided evidence of inflammation playing a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. | 2003 | 14619384 |
| [severe case of chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia]. | | 2003 | 14621594 |
| association of chlamydia pneumoniae with central nervous system disease. | chlamydia pneumoniae is a common respiratory pathogen that is now being incriminated in a number of chronic diseases. the ability of c. pneumoniae to infect and persist in macrophages makes it a likely candidate to disseminate in a number of different tissues, including those of the central nervous system. this review addresses the potential and the underlying mechanisms by which c. pneumoniae infections can play a role in such diverse neurological diseases as multiple sclerosis and alzheimer's ... | 2003 | 14623021 |
| antibiotic treatment of atherosclerosis. | several lines of evidence have demonstrated an association between a variety of chronic bacterial infections and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. this has led to the proposal that antibiotic therapy might be helpful in the secondary prevention of atherosclerosis. a variety of smaller pilot studies have been reported testing this hypothesis and several large multicenter trials are also underway. the purpose of this review is to summarize the results of these studies and comment on their im ... | 2003 | 14624138 |
| severe chlamydia pneumoniae infection in a patient with mild neutropenia during treatment of hodgkin's disease. | chlamydia pneumoniae is known to cause acute respiratory tract infections in the non-immunocompromised population. so far, no data about the incidence of chlamydial infections in neutropenic patients are available. macrolide antibiotics are not considered to be first-line treatment options in neutropenic patients. we report the case of a patient with hodgkin's disease who developed c. pneumoniae pneumonia during mild neutropenia. c. pneumoniae should be considered as a causative agent of pneumon ... | 2004 | 14625788 |
| influence of chlamydia pneumoniae infection on aortic stiffness in healthy young men. | though chlamydia pneumoniae infection has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, its role in early atherogenesis has not been well elucidated. to clarify whether c. pneumoniae infection was related to early atherogenesis, we evaluated the association between serological detection of c. pneumoniae antibodies and aortic stiffness in 102 healthy young male volunteers (mean age 27.1+/-0.4 years). serum c. pneumoniae iga and igg antibodies were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosor ... | 2003 | 14642413 |
| ifn-gamma induced persistent chlamydia pneumoniae infection in hl and mono mac 6 cells: characterization by real-time quantitative pcr and culture. | growth of chlamydia pneumoniae during gamma interferon (ifn-gamma) induced persistent infection in epithelial (hl) and monocyte-macrophage (mono mac 6) cell lines was studied by a quantitative real-time pcr and passage. when hl cultures were treated with ifn-gamma (25 u/ml), the replication of c. pneumoniae dna was unaffected while differentiation into infectious elementary bodies (eb) was strongly inhibited, and in contrast to the untreated cultures, no second cycle of infection was observed. t ... | 2004 | 14643639 |
| association of chlamydia pneumoniae antibody with the cholesterol-lowering effect of statins. | to investigate the association between chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) infection and atherosclerosis, we compared the effect of lipid-lowering drugs on carotid intima-media thickness (imt) between patients who were positive and negative for c. pneumoniae antibodies. a total of 165 asymptomatic hypercholesterolemic patients were randomized to probucol (500 mg per day, n = 82) or pravastatin (10 mg per day, n = 83) and followed for 2 years. the 2-year change of imt in the common carotid arter ... | 2003 | 14644398 |
| red wine, resveratrol, chlamydia pneumoniae and the french connection. | | 2003 | 14644410 |
| performance of five serological chlamydia antibody tests in subfertile women. | micro-immunofluorescence (mif) is widely used for chlamydia antibody testing (cat). recently a species-specific mif and three enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) tests have been introduced. we compared five commercially available cat tests, using laparoscopy as a reference, and evaluated whether combinations of tests could improve the predictive value of cat. | 2003 | 14645182 |
| community-acquired pneumonia in children: issues in optimizing antibacterial treatment. | the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in children is empirical, being based on the knowledge of the etiology of cap at different ages. as a result of currently available methods in everyday clinical practice, a microbe-specific diagnosis is not realistic in the majority of patients. even the differentiation between viral, 'atypical' bacterial (mycoplasma pneumoniae or chlamydia pneumoniae) and 'typical' bacterial (streptococcus pneumoniae) cap is often not possible. moreover, up to ... | 2003 | 14658923 |
| serologic markers of persistent chlamydia pneumonia infection and long-term prognosis after successful coronary stenting. | previous studies have shown an incremental role of inflammation in late prognosis following coronary stenting (cs). in particular, high preprocedural levels of plasma c-reactive protein (crp) have been related to increased hazard of late ischemic complications. persistent chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) infection, detected by positive iga anti-cp titers, may be associated with this inflammatory process and portend a high risk of late adverse prognosis after cs. | 2003 | 14661003 |
| [serologic study of atherosclerosis and its vascular complications]. | chlamydia pneumoniae (c. p.) is very frequently cited as an important factor of the origin of atherosclerosis. to confirm the diagnostic value of the serological examination the following reactions have been used: microimmunofluorescence reaction (mif) for estimating of antibodies against major outer membrane proteins c. p. (anti-momp) and elisa for detecting antibodies against the lipopolysacharides of c. p. (anti-lps), both in iga and igg immunoglobulin classes of the serum. the elisa for the ... | 2003 | 14661361 |
| [a case of severe chlamydia pneumoniae pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation and complicated with disseminated intravascular coagulation]. | a previously healthy 48-year-old man presented to his primary care physician with high fever, dry cough and dyspnea. pneumonia was diagnosed and intravenous administration of imipenem/cilastatin was begun, but his respiratory condition worsened and he was admitted to our hospital with severe hypoxia. a chest radiograph showed reticular opacity and consolidation in both lung fields. the case was complicated with disseminated intravascular coagulation. analysis of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid ... | 2003 | 14661559 |
| seroprevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae infection in taiwan. | to survey the seroprevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) infection in healthy subjects in taiwan. | 2004 | 14667797 |
| current issues in the management of bacterial respiratory tract disease: the challenge of antibacterial resistance. | the worldwide burden of respiratory tract disease is enormous. resistance to penicillins, macrolides, and cephalosporins is now detected among the leading bacterial pathogens that cause respiratory tract infections (rtis)-streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella catarrhalis. the increasing role of atypical/intracellular pathogens (eg, chlamydia pneumoniae, mycoplasma pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila) in rtis, as well as their increase in antibiotic resistance prevalence, ... | 2003 | 14671500 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and atherosclerosis following carotid endarterectomy. | seroepidemiological studies have shown an association between raised antibody titres against chlamydia pneumoniae, and carotid atherosclerosis or stroke. however, direct evidence for a causal link between arterial infection with c. pneumoniae and carotid disease remains weak. we hypothesized that long-term follow-up of patients with pathologically-proven arterial c. pneumoniae infection might provide further insight into the role of c. pneumoniae in carotid atherosclerosis. | 2003 | 14672265 |
| [administration of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]. | we have to consider the exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(copd) may be caused not only by infection, but also by acute exacerbation of chronic heart failure, pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax, or other cardiopulmonary complications. because it is characteristic that the exacerbation of copd is often recurensive, the most important thing is the administration during stable status. approximately 40% of pathogens of the acute infectious exacerbation of copd are haemophilus influe ... | 2003 | 14674328 |
| [etiological diagnosis of pneumonia--a critical view]. | to search literature related to the etiological diagnosis of acute pneumonia in children. | 2002 | 14676852 |
| [chlamydia pneumoniae in patients with atherosclerotic ischemia of the lower limbs]. | in the group of patients (n = 19), with advanced atheromatous ischemia of the legs the presence and titres of rum igg, iga, and igm antibodies for chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) were measured. those were compared with controls (n = 12). additionally in the patients undergoing surgery (revascularisation or amputation), specimens of atheromatous arteries were examined for the presence of cp. in the general population among the people at the age over 60 years the presence of antibodies was common (igg 1 ... | 2003 | 14679694 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and the risk for exacerbation in multiple sclerosis patients. | in this prospective study of 73 relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis patients followed up for a mean of 1.7 years, the relation was tested between serologically defined chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) infection periods and exacerbation rate. episodes of serologically defined cp infections were observed in a subgroup, and these episodes were associated with increased risk for exacerbation. cp polymerase chain reaction was positive in most of the cp seropositive patients. no correlation was found betw ... | 2003 | 14681894 |
| [the response to the letter of dr. jerzy durkalec regarding literature review by przemyslaw kotyla, bogna sliwińska-kotyla and eugeniusz j. kucharz "the significance of chlamydia pneumoniae infection in the development of sclerosis]. | | 2003 | 14682235 |
| novel cardiovascular risk factors in end-stage renal disease. | traditional risk factors only in part explain the risk differential between the general population and the population of patients with chronic nephropathies. uncontrolled hyperphosphatemia and high calcium phosphate product constitute risk factors for cardiovascular calcifications, cardiac ischemia, and adverse cardiovascular outcomes, yet inflammation may be an even more important trigger of vascular calcification than these metabolic derangements. homocysteine predicts cardiovascular events in ... | 2004 | 14684678 |
| seropositivity of chlamydia pneumoniae and helicobacter pylori among coronary heart disease patients and normal individuals in a south indian population. | | 2003 | 14686675 |
| [heat shock protein antibodies and other chlamydial antigens in various diseases and their occurrence in blood donors]. | the chlamydial infections are very frequently considered in the causal connection with some diseases e.g. atherosclerosis or chronic joint infections. the evidence of the antibodies against the heat shock protein of chlamydial origin is not the usual part of practical serological diagnostics. the aim of this study is an attempt to identify antibodies against the heat shock protein and other antigens of chlamydiae in the sera of two groups of patients and in the sera of blood donors. | 2003 | 14689825 |
| cerebral ischemia: new risk factors. | stroke is a disease with well-defined modifiable risk factors such as arterial hypertension, smoking, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and atrial fibrillation. the need of new risk factors is based on the fact that only half the cardiovascular disease risk is explained by conventional risk factors. inflammatory markers, infection, homocysteine and sleep-disordered breathing rank as the four most important new risk factors in cerebral atherosclerosis. c-reactive protein is the inflammatory marker that ha ... | 2004 | 14694279 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae induces the expression of inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (c-iap2) in a human monocytic cell line by an nf-kappab-dependent pathway. | members of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family are important factors that regulate apoptotic cell death. as demonstrated both by rt-pcr and western blot analysis c. pneumoniae infection of the human monocytic cell line mono mac 6 induces the expression of mrna and protein of the cellular inhibitor of apoptosis 2 (c-iap2). blocking nf-kappab dna-binding activity by the proteasome inhibitor mg-132 results in decrease of c. pneumoniae-induced c-iap2 expression. therefore, c. pneumoniae may ex ... | 2003 | 14695066 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and atherosclerosis. | exposure to chlamydia pneumoniae is extremely common, and respiratory infections occur repeatedly among most people. strong associations exist between c. pneumoniae infection and atherosclerosis as demonstrated by: (i) sero-epidemiological studies showing that patients with cardiovascular disease have higher titres of anti-c. pneumoniae antibodies compared with control patients; (ii) detection of the organism within atherosclerotic lesions, but not in adjacent normal tissue by immunohistochemist ... | 2004 | 14706098 |
| intrathecal production of chlamydia pneumoniae-specific high-affinity antibodies is significantly associated to a subset of multiple sclerosis patients with progressive forms. | the purpose of this study was to provide further insight into the effective relevance of the association between chlamydia pneumoniae and ms. we evaluated by elisa technique cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and serum levels of anti-c. pneumoniae igg in 46 relapsing-remitting (rr), 14 secondary progressive (sp) and 11 primary progressive (pp) ms patients grouped according to clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (mri) evidence of disease activity. fifty-one patients with other inflammatory neurologica ... | 2004 | 14706222 |
| chlamydophila pneumoniae infection of the central nervous system in patients with multiple sclerosis. | chlamydophila pneumoniae has been postulated as an aetiological agent in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis. previous studies show conflicting results. | 2004 | 14707329 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infections in asthma: clinical implications. | chlamydia pneumoniae is an intracellular pathogen that has been suggested to play a role in the pathology of asthma. however, so far none of the studies have provided clear evidence for a causative role of c. pneumoniae infections in asthma, although there is little doubt that chronic c. pneumoniae infection does aggravate asthma and should be treated. the diagnosis of c. pneumoniae infection is still a matter of concern for it is dependent on trained skilled personnel and can vary significantly ... | 2003 | 14720020 |
| [antibacterial therapy of non-severe extra-hospital pneumonia]. | | 2003 | 14725072 |
| secondary prevention of coronary artery disease with antimicrobials: current status and future directions. | over the past several decades, coronary artery disease (cad) has become the major health problem in the western world with more than 50% of deaths attributed to its complications. the exact causes of atherosclerosis are not clearly known, although multiple risk factors (e.g. hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, family history, and smoking) have been well described. however, these risk factors account for only about 50% of the total risk of cad. consequently, an ongoing search is unde ... | 2002 | 14727986 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and future risk in patients with coronary heart disease. | to evaluate the association between previous exposure to chlamydia pneumoniae and future coronary risk in patients with coronary heart disease. | 2004 | 14729431 |
| atp/adp translocases: a common feature of obligate intracellular amoebal symbionts related to chlamydiae and rickettsiae. | atp/adp translocases catalyze the highly specific transport of atp across a membrane in an exchange mode with adp. such unique transport proteins are employed by plant plastids and have among the prokaryotes so far only been identified in few obligate intracellular bacteria belonging to the chlamydiales and the rickettsiales. in this study, 12 phylogenetically diverse bacterial endosymbionts of free-living amoebae and paramecia were screened for the presence of genes encoding atp/adp transport p ... | 2004 | 14729693 |
| [the pathogenesis of vitreoretinal diseases from the standpoint of molecular biology]. | it is important to study the pathogenesis in vitreoretinal diseases to develop new medical therapy. we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the genesis of idiopathic macular hole, exudative age-related macular degeneration (amd), and diabetic retinopathy. we observed high levels of chymase and tryptase activity in the vitreous humor of patients with idiopathic macular hole. this activity was significantly higher than in other vitreoretinal diseases. immunohistochemical study using mo ... | 2003 | 14733131 |
| [clinical and chest x-ray characteristics of 5 cases with severe acute respiratory syndrome in children in shenzhen area]. | to explore clinical and chest x-ray features of sars in children to facilitate correct diagnosis. | 2003 | 14733797 |
| antibiotics and coronary heart disease. | | 2004 | 14734586 |
| antibiotics and coronary heart disease. | | 2004 | 14734587 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae multiply in neutrophil granulocytes and delay their spontaneous apoptosis. | the obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) is responsible for a range of human diseases, including acute respiratory infection. although experimental intratracheal infection with cp results in a massive recruitment of neutrophil granulocytes (polymorphonuclear neutrophils (pmn)), the role of these cells in the defense against cp is unclear. in this study the interactions of pmn with cp were investigated. in vitro coincubation experiments showed that human granulocyte ... | 2004 | 14734760 |
| novel echogenic drug-immunoliposomes for drug delivery. | we have developed novel echogenic immunoliposomes (elips) that can be antibody-conjugated for the specific highlighting of atheroma and atheroma components. the utility of these agents for regional drug delivery has not been evaluated previously. we chose to use an antibiotic as the prototype drug. the concept that an infectious agent may affect the development and progression of atherosclerosis has stimulated trials on the use of antibiotics for coronary syndromes. however, these agents are giv ... | 2004 | 14734925 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae carriage and infection in hospitalized children with respiratory tract diseases. | the importance of chlamydia pneumoniae respiratory tract infection in childhood is under discussion. | 2003 | 14735384 |
| the chlamydial pneumonias. | chlamydia psittaci and chlamydia pneumoniae are important causes of community-acquired pneumonias. less commonly, c. trachomatis may cause pneumonia in adult immunocompromised hosts but more commonly is responsible for pneumonia in neonates. c. psittaci is the cause of psittacosis and is the only chlamydial zoonotic atypical pneumonia. c. pneumoniae is being increasingly recognized as the cause of up to 10% of community-acquired pneumonias. c. pneumoniae pneumonia has a clinical presentation lik ... | 1998 | 14743268 |
| [seropositivity against atypical pneumonia agents demonstrated in patients with community-acquired pneumonia]. | the aim of this study was to investigate the igg and igm antibody positivities against atypical pneumonia agents in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap), and to compare the results with the controls. the serum samples which were collected from 53 adult patients and 20 healthy donors have been investigated by a commercial indirect immunofluorescent assay (ifa, pneumo-slide, vircell sl, spain) in which nine different antigens were fixed onto a slide. in both of the study groups. igg an ... | 2003 | 14748261 |
| macrolide and occult infection in asthma. | a small percentage of asthma exacerbations are linked with infection by an atypical bacterium, such as chlamydia pneumoniae or mycoplasma pneumoniae. these bacteria also have been proposed to cause occult chronic lower airway inflammation and to initiate nonatopic asthma in adults. consequently, the logical procedure would be to eliminate these pathogens as soon and as thoroughly as possible using antibiotics. nonetheless, antibiotics are not recommended even for the treatment of acute asthma ex ... | 2004 | 14749600 |
| [chronic chlamydia pneumonia--complications]. | | 2002 | 14750263 |
| chlamydia trachomatis and chlamydia pneumoniae infections in children and adolescents. | | 2004 | 14754926 |
| from the inside out--processing of the chlamydial autotransporter pmpd and its role in bacterial adhesion and activation of human host cells. | polymorphic membrane protein (pmp)21 otherwise known as pmpd is the longest of 21 pmps expressed by chlamydophila pneumoniae. recent bioinformatical analyses annotated pmpd as belonging to a family of exported gram-negative bacterial proteins designated autotransporters. this prediction, however, was never experimentally supported, nor was the function of pmpd known. here, using 1d and 2d page we demonstrate that pmpd is processed into two parts, n-terminal (n-pmpd), middle (m-pmpd) and presumab ... | 2004 | 14756775 |
| current challenges in lower respiratory infections in children. | lower respiratory infections threaten the health of children worldwide. streptococcus pneumoniae remains the most common bacterial cause of lower respiratory infection in children, whereas viral pathogens dominate as a more common cause of lower respiratory infection illness in infants and children overall. the diagnosis and clinical management of lower respiratory infections pose challenges to pediatric health providers as new technology is developed and new pathogens emerge in the spectrum of ... | 2004 | 14758123 |
| the reproducibility of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of chlamydia pneumoniae-specific antibodies. | with use of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), chlamydia pneumoniae immunoglobulins were detected in a consecutive series of patients' sera (n = 122 for iga and igg; n = 138 for igm). when the elisa tests were repeated, the percentage disagreements were 12%, 16% and 10% for c. pneumoniae iga, igg and igm, respectively. the reproducibility of the elisa, expressed as kappa values, for iga, igg and igm was 0.73, 0.60 and 0.53, respectively (p < 0.001). it was concluded that the elisa had ... | 2004 | 14759243 |
| antibiotics for secondary prevention of coronary artery disease: an aces hypothesis but we need to prove it. | | 2004 | 14760314 |
| macrophages, cd4+ or cd8+ cells are each sufficient for protection against chlamydia pneumoniae infection through their ability to secrete ifn-gamma. | by using a t, b, or nk cell-deficient mouse strain (recombinase-activating gene (rag)-1(-/-)/common cytokine receptor gamma-chain (gamma(c)r)), and t and b cell and ifn-gamma-deficient (rag-1(-/-)/ifn-gamma(-/-)) mice, we have studied the generation of immunity against infection by chlamydia pneumoniae. we found that ifn-gamma secreted by innate-cell populations protect against c. pneumoniae infection. however, nk cells were not needed for such ifn-gamma-dependent innate immune protection. inocu ... | 2004 | 14764711 |
| [polymicrobial infections in patients with legionella pneumonia]. | we assessed the frequency and clinical significance of polymicrobial infections in 31 patients with sporadic community-acquired legionella pneumonia. twenty-six patients were men, 5 were women and mean age was 61 years. eighteen patients were smokers, 6 patients were chronic alcoholics and 23 had underlying diseases. regarding severity, the illnesses were mild (two patients), moderate (seven patients) and severe (twenty-two patients). in 9 (29%) of the patients, one other etiologic agent for com ... | 2004 | 14768366 |
| is there a relation between chlamydia infection and primary biliary cirrhosis? | over the past two decades, a number of studies have failed to provide direct evidence of specific microbial chronic infection in primary biliary cirrhosis (pbc). however, a recent report suggests that there is a specific association of chlamydia pneumoniae in patients with pbc and that c. pneumoniae or similar antigens might play a role in the pathogenesis of disease. to determine if chlamydia infection is associated with pbc, we applied a combination of immunological and molecular approaches to ... | 2003 | 14768955 |
| antibiotics in asthma. | asthma pathogenesis appears to be a result of a complex mixture of genetic and environmental influences. there is evidence that mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae play a role in promoting airway inflammation that could contribute to the onset and clinical course of asthma. if antimicrobial therapy can eradicate these organisms, it might be possible to alter the course of the disease. although antibiotics have no role in the routine management of acute exacerbations of asthma, certain ... | 2004 | 14769262 |
| progression of early carotid atherosclerosis is only temporarily reduced after antibiotic treatment of chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity. | chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) infection has been associated with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. there are controversial results regarding the beneficial effects of antibiotic therapy on future cardiovascular end points. | 2004 | 14769704 |
| a randomized, controlled trial of doxycycline and rifampin for patients with alzheimer's disease. | to assess whether doxycycline and rifampin have a therapeutic role in patients with alzheimer's disease (ad). | 2004 | 14962152 |
| cardiac heart disease in the era of sucrose polyester, helicobacter pylori and chlamydia pneumoniae. | recent evidence associates inflammatory mediators with coronary heart disease. elevation of acute-phase reaction (apr) proteins such as serum amyloid a, fibrinogen, crp and haptoglobin in response to helicobacter pylori (h. pylori) infection was shown to initiate gastritis and ischemic heart disease. positive chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) serology is associated with increased levels of inflammatory cytokines and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha), which stimulates endothelial cell ac ... | 2004 | 14962637 |
| azithromycin therapy in patients with chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection and coronary heart disease: immediate and long-term effects on inflammation, coagulation, and lipid status in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. | background: an association between chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) infection and coronary heart disease (chd) has already been reported. we investigated the relationship between cp infection and other risk factors in chd patients, as well as the effects of azithromycin treatment. methods: we studied 38 patients with cp infection (cp-pos) and 15 without (cp-neg). cp-pos patients had, both at inclusion and 2 years prior to inclusion, elevated cp-specific iga-antibodies, with or without the presence of p ... | 2003 | 14962698 |
| oxidized ldl further enhances expression of adhesion molecules in chlamydophila pneumoniae-infected endothelial cells. | chlamydophila pneumoniae is a common respiratory pathogen that has been shown to be associated with coronary artery disease. recent studies have shown that one of the possible mechanisms of the atherogenicity of c. pneumoniae is overexpression of cell adhesion molecules (cams) in infected endothelial cells. we investigated whether exposure of c. pneumoniae-infected endothelial cells to oxidized ldl (oxldl) leads to further upregulation of cams. flow cytometry and immunoblot analysis of human aor ... | 2004 | 14967815 |
| the occurrence of chlamydia pneumoniae, mycoplasma pneumoniae, and herpesviruses in otitis media with effusion. | in a previous report we found chlamydia (c.) pneumoniae to be present in middle ear fluids (mee) from older children with otitis media with effusion (ome). however, ome is a disease of younger children the present study was conducted in toddlers. mees (n = 150) and nasopharynx samples (n = 83) from children with ome was analyzed by pcr for the presence of c. pneumoniae and mycoplasma (m.) pneumoniae. c. pneumoniae was not present in any and m. pneumoniae only in one of the mees, and these pathog ... | 2004 | 14972377 |
| induction of lipoprotein lipase gene expression in chlamydia pneumoniae-infected macrophages is dependent on ca2+ signaling events. | unregulated uptake of low density lipoprotein (ldl) in macrophages is the hallmark of early atherogenic lesions, and chlamydia pneumoniae infection of macrophages induces this process by an unknown mechanism. it was therefore aimed in this study to investigate (i) the role of c. pneumoniae in macrophage expression of the lipoprotein lipase (lpl) gene, (ii) the probable role of ca2+ influx signals and (iii) the effect of the process on ldl uptake. lipoprotein lipase mrna expression and lpl activi ... | 2004 | 14977048 |
| new developments in antibacterial choice for lower respiratory tract infections in elderly patients. | elderly patients are at increased risk of developing lower respiratory tract infections compared with younger patients. in this population, pneumonia is a serious illness with high rates of hospitalisation and mortality, especially in patients requiring admission to intensive care units (icus). a wide range of pathogens may be involved depending on different settings of acquisition and patient's health status. streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial isolate in community-acquired pn ... | 2004 | 14979735 |
| the next step in cardiovascular protection. | while aggressive interventional therapy and anti-thrombotic therapy have revolutionized the management of acute coronary syndromes (acs), defined as acute myocardial infarction (mi) or unstable angina (ua), long-term event rates remain high. elevated lipids, inflammation and infection have each been implicated as additional mechanisms contributing to instability of vulnerable plaques. the new frontier in acs management has focussed on treatment of these components of vascular disease. preliminar ... | 2003 | 14980229 |
| incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in children caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae: serological results of a prospective, population-based study in primary health care. | the objective of the present study was to assess the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in children caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae. | 2004 | 14982611 |
| outbreak and persistence of chlamydia pneumoniae infection in an italian family. | we describe an outbreak of familial infection of chlamydia pneumoniae, an etiological agent for respiratory tract infections. in a family member detection of c. pneumoniae on a pharyngeal swab by polymerase chain reaction was positive until four months after the onset of symptoms, despite a course of antibiotics known to be effective against chlamydia species | 2003 | 14985649 |
| [atypical pathogens of pneumonia acquired in ambulant persons]. | | 2004 | 14986239 |
| the mechanisms by which infectious agents may contribute to atherosclerosis and its clinical manifestations. | three infectious agents have recently gained considerable interest as potential pathogens in atherosclerosis and in its clinical manifestations: herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, and chlamydia pneumoniae. chronic and often asymptomatic infections with these agents occur widely in the general population. these pathogens may affect atherosclerosis either directly or indirectly. direct effects on vascular wall cells might include cell lysis, transformation, lipid accumulation, proinflammatory ... | 1998 | 14987564 |
| identification of an in vivo cd4+ t cell-mediated response to polymorphic membrane proteins of chlamydia pneumoniae during experimental infection. | chlamydia pneumoniae is an obligate intracellular bacterium that causes upper and lower respiratory tract infection in humans. c. pneumoniae harbors the polymorphic membrane protein (pmp) family with 21 different proteins with a molecular mass around 100 kda. the pmps are species-specific, abundant and, together with major outer membrane protein and outer membrane protein 2, the dominant proteins in the c. pneumoniae outer membrane complex. nevertheless, it is unknown whether pmps are recognized ... | 2004 | 14987731 |
| community-acquired pneumonia in patients with hiv. | patients with hiv frequently present at some time in their illness with community-acquired pneumonia (cap). early in the prognosis of hiv when cd4 counts are somewhat decreased, hiv patients with cap are infected with the same pulmonary pathogen as normal hosts plus legionella, salmonella or chlamydia pneumoniae. later in hiv, when the cd4 counts are markedly reduced, pneumocystis carinii (pcp), cmv and acid-fast organisms (tb or mai) are important pulmonary pathogens. this article presents a cl ... | 1998 | 14988750 |
| prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae igg antibodies in patients with coronary artery disease: a report from an indian population. | | 2003 | 14989526 |
| [prevalence of atypical pathogens in adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia in beijing]. | to study the pathogens in community-acquired pneumonia (cap), especially the prevalence of atypical pathogens. | 2004 | 14989822 |
| periodontitis as a risk factor in patients with ischemic heart disease. | cardiovascular disease, and particularly ischemic heart disease (ihd), constitutes one of the principal causes of mortality in the western world. interest has recently increased in the relationship between ihd and different infectious processes as triggering factors of the former, such as chlamydia pneumoniae and helicobacter pylori infection. periodontitis has also been related to an increased risk of coronary disease, since both disorders share common characteristics such as patient age and se ... | 2004 | 14990879 |
| heat-shock protein 60-reactive cd4+cd28null t cells in patients with acute coronary syndromes. | cd4+cd28null t cells are present in increased numbers in the peripheral blood of patients with acute coronary syndrome (acs) compared with patients with chronic stable angina (csa). the triggers of activation and expansion of these cells to date remain unclear. | 2004 | 14993140 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae together with collagenase-2 (mmp-8) in periodontal lesions. | dental infections may be associated with subsequent atherosclerosis. in this regard we wanted to study if traces of chlamydia pneumoniae can be found from deep periodontal pockets characterized with elevated collagenase-2 [matrix metalloproteinase (mmp)-8] levels in gingival crevicular fluid (gcf). chlamydia pneumoniae has not previously been found to infect the oral cavity. | 2004 | 14996292 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity in patients with cerebral ischemic attack with or without silent brain infarcts. | we examined the seropositivity of specific antibodies igg and iga to chlamydia pneumoniae in the patients with ischemic stroke and examined if it has a notability in stroke patients with or without silent brain infarcts. | 2003 | 15000458 |
| clinical inquiries. what is the best macrolide for atypical pneumonia? | | 2004 | 15000931 |
| experimental infection by chlamydia pneumoniae in the hamster. | we report that intraperitoneal injection of chlamydia pneumoniae purified elementary bodies (ebs) in the hamster causes a systemic infection allowing the isolation of viable chlamydiae from several organs for several days post-infection (p.i.). in particular, spleen infection occurred up to day 7 p.i. in 100% of animals. systemic infection probably occurs via macrophages as intraperitoneally injected chlamydiae which are taken up by the hamster macrophages remain viable and can infect in vitro c ... | 2004 | 15003640 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and asthma: more than just exacerbations. | | 2004 | 15007366 |
| etiological agents of lower respiratory tract infections in japanese children. | to investigate the etiology of pediatric community-acquired pneumonia and bronchitis, we conducted a prospective, population-based study covering the total population < 15 years of age in 16 municipalities in hokkaido, japan, during the period of april 2000 to march 2001. chest radiographs were available for all cases (n = 921; 398 as pneumonia and 523 as bronchitis) and paired sera for serologic assays were available for more than half of the cases. the following specimens were also collected: ... | 2004 | 15011754 |
| [miller-fisher syndrome: clinical features, associated infections and clinical course in 8 cases]. | miller-fisher syndrome (mfs) is considered the most common variant of guillain-barré syndrome (gbs) and is characterized by the clinical triad of ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and areflexia. respiratory involvement and relapses are unusual. patients with mfs usually have a good recovery and no residual deficits. we describe the clinical features, associated infections and evolution in eight patients with mfs. | 2004 | 15012892 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae induces alzheimer-like amyloid plaques in brains of balb/c mice. | amyloid deposits resembling plaques found in alzheimer's disease (ad) brains were formed in the brains of non-transgenic balb/c mice following intranasal infection with chlamydia pneumoniae. the mice were infected at 3 months of age with c. pneumoniae isolated from an ad brain. infection was confirmed by light and electron microscopy in olfactory tissues of the mice. c. pneumoniae was still evident in these tissues 3 months after the initial infection indicating that a persistent infection had b ... | 2004 | 15013562 |
| mycoplasma pneumoniae in elderly patients with stroke. a case-control study on the seroprevalence of m. pneumoniae in elderly patients with acute cerebrovascular disease - the m-peps study. | previous studies have suggested certain infections as potential risk factors for stroke. chlamydia pneumoniae, an atypical respiratory pathogen, has been linked to atherosclerotic vascular diseases. mycoplasma pneumoniae, another atypical respiratory micro-organism, can rarely cause stroke. we investigated whether serological markers of m. pneumoniae infection were associated with acute stroke or transient ischaemic attack (tia) in elderly patients. | 2004 | 15026614 |
| [the role of chlamydial infection in development of acute respiratory diseases in children]. | the examination of 245 children with respiratory diseases has detected chlamydia in 45 (18.4%) of them. chlamydial species were identified and clinical symptoms of acute respiratory diseases (ard) of chlamydial etiology are described. five serological groups of patients depending on the presence or absence of chlamydial infection markers were recognized. antibacterial drug treatment showed that most effective were sumamed, rulid and clindamycin. long-term outcomes in relation to the kind of trea ... | 2004 | 15029120 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae and coronary artery disease: legitimized linkages? | chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) infection in early life may accelerate atherosclerosis over ensuing decades, leading to cardiovascular complications. cp promotes endothelial dysfunction and may modulate inflammation underlying atherosclerosis. it represents a biologically plausible candidate for the causation of atherosclerosis. other infections simultaneously occurring with cp may result in a synergistic effect to promote atherosclerosis. studies on the treatment of cp with antibiotics indicates decr ... | 2003 | 15030265 |
| role of atypical bacterial infection of the lung in predisposition/protection of asthma. | asthma is a common inflammatory disease of the airways that results in airway narrowing and wheezing. allergic asthma is characterised by a t-helper cell-type (th) 2 response, immunoglobulin (ig) e production, and eosinophilic influx into the airways. recently, many clinical studies have implicated mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae in the development and exacerbation of both chronic and acute asthma. it is widely accepted that m. pneumoniae and c. pneumoniae infections require th1 i ... | 2004 | 15030999 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection and inflammation in adults with asthma. | chlamydia pneumoniae infection and immune response to the c. pneumoniae heat shock protein 60 (cphsp60) have been suggested to be associated with asthma. | 2004 | 15031565 |
| characterization of antiapoptotic activities of chlamydia pneumoniae in infected cells. | c. pneumoniae has the capacity to inhibit apoptosis. here we provide further insight into how infection with c. pneumoniae affects the apoptotic signal transduction in infected human epitheloid cells. for assessing changes in the apoptotic response, intact cells and cell extracts were used. these results show that c. pneumoniae is able to interfere with the host cell's apoptotic apparatus at least at two steps in the signal transduction. | 2003 | 15033792 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae--an infectious risk factor for atherosclerosis? | cardiovascular disease, of which atherosclerosis is an important component, is the leading cause of death in the western world. although there are well-defined risk factors for atherosclerosis, these factors do not account for all incidences of the disease. because atherosclerotic processes are typified by chronic inflammatory responses, which are similar to those that are elicited by chronic infection, the role of infection in promoting or accelerating atherosclerosis has received renewed atten ... | 2004 | 15035006 |
| cloning, expression, and characterization of uracil-dna glycosylase of chlamydia pneumoniae in escherichia coli. | a uracil-dna glycosylase gene was cloned from chlamydia pneumoniae ar39 and expressed in e. coli strains bl21 (de3) and bl21 (de3) plyss. after purification by ni-nta his x bind resin and deae sepharose fast flow column chromatography, recombinant cpudg with a specific activity of 1,000,000 u/mg was obtained. the enzymatic activity of the purified cpudg protein was further characterized using oligodeoxyribonucleotides carrying uracil bases as substrates. the base opposite to uracil in double str ... | 2004 | 15039065 |