| the pathogenesis of infectious avian encephalomyelitis. 4. the effect of maternal antibody on the development of the disease. | infectious avian encephalomyelitis virus (iaev) maternal antibody was detected in the serum of chickens for up to 21 days following hatching. this antibody protected chickens against clinical iae after intracerebral inoculation with van roekel strain or oral administration of the nsw-1 strain of iaev. maternal antibody to iaev also protected testosterone bursectomised chickens against the development of clinical disease. iaev maternal antibody also influeced the pattern of virus excretion in fae ... | 1978 | 207260 |
| kinetic mechanism of the hydroxypyruvate-lactate dehydrogenase-nadh system. | chicken liver lactate dehydrogenase l-lactate : nad+ oxidoreductase, ec1.1.1.27) reversibly catalyses the conversion of hydroxypyruvate to l-glycerate. the variation of the initial reaction rate with the substrate or coenzyme (nadh) concentration together with the inhibition caused by the reaction products and excess substrates, reveal that the kinetic mechanism of the reaction, with hydroxypyruvate as substrate, is of the rapid-equilibrium, ordered-ternary-complex type; nadh is the first substr ... | 1978 | 207330 |
| avian myelocytomatosis and erythroblastosis viruses lack the transforming gene src of avian sarcoma viruses. | using labeled cdna specific for the detection of the src gene of avian sarcoma viruses, we find that avian myelocytomatosis virus strain mc29 and avian erythroblastosis virus strain es4 lack nucleotide sequences related to the src gene. furthermore, chicken fibroblasts as well as hematopoietic cells, infected and transformed with these viruses, show no enhanced level of transcription of the cellular nucleotide sequences related to the src gene of avian sarcoma viruses. these two viruses may thus ... | 1978 | 207438 |
| transformation parameters in chicken fibroblasts transformed by aev and mc29 avian leukemia viruses. | | 1978 | 207439 |
| [significance of virus-neutralizing antibodies in marek's disease of chickens. 1. immunity control following marek's vaccination with turkey herpes virus (thv)]. | | 1978 | 207505 |
| role of b cells in the expression of genetic resistance to growth of rous sarcoma in the chicken. | resistance to the development of progressively growing tumors induced by rous sarcoma virus is a dominant trait controlled by a gene linked to the major histocompatibility complex (mhc). the effect of bursectomy (bx) on the expression of this trait was studied in two inbred lines of chickens homozygous for different mhc alleles, and which differ with respect to the gene controlling resistance to rous tumors. the results show that bx alters the expression of the trait, since genetically resistant ... | 1978 | 207532 |
| hormonal control of mrna synthesis studied by nucleic acid hybridization. | the regulation of protein synthesis by steroids is thought to be due to hormonal effects primarily on mrna concentration. experimental evidence to support this conclusion has come largely from the use of dna probes complementary (cdna) to mrna molecules or by translation of the mrna in vitro. in this review the experimental procedures involved and the application to hormone action of cdna hybridization will be reviewed. (1) mrna concentrations can be assayed in tissue rna samples by hybridizatio ... | 1978 | 207603 |
| effect of oral clofibrate administration on intestinal 3-o-methyl glucose absorption in rat and chick. | | 1978 | 207618 |
| the effects of dexamethasone on plasma luteinizing hormone and oviposition in the hen (gallus domesticus). | | 1978 | 207620 |
| detection of infective agents from tissues of birds having marek's disease like disease syndrome. | | 1977 | 207637 |
| parallel evolution of pairs of dehydrogenase isoenzymes. | lactate dehydrogenase and glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase are metabolically coupled by the anaerobic dismutation of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and by the nad redox state. this causes the concentrations of lactate and glycerol 3-phosphate to accumulate proportionally during anaerobic muscle contraction; these concentrations are high relative to those in aerobic tissues such as liver. we show that the isoenzymes of lactate dehydrogenase and glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase from chicken breast ... | 1978 | 207878 |
| differentiation of bradykinin receptors and of kininases with conformational analogues of bradykinin. | | 1978 | 207969 |
| studies on avian infectious bronchitis virus in new zealand. i. serotypes. | | 1977 | 208028 |
| studies on avian infectious bronchitis virus in new zealand. ii. properties of four serotypes at a low and a high passage level. | | 1977 | 208029 |
| studies on avian infectious bronchitis virus in new zealand. iii. efficacy of an attenuated live infectious bronchitis vaccine of new zealand origin in broiler birds. | | 1977 | 208030 |
| [1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin d3: chemical synthesis and biological effect]. | a method for the synthesis of an analog of vitamin d3--1alpha-hydroxy vitamin d3 (1alpha-oh d3) from cholesta-4,6-dien-3beta-ol was developed. biological activity of this compound in the chick organism was measured. the growth stimulating effect of 1alpha-oh d3 and its effect on bone tissue mineralization and serum biochemical parameters (content of calcium, inorganic phosphorus and activity of alkaline phosphatase) were 4--5 times higher than those of vitamin d3 in low doses (19.5--39 pmole/day ... | 1978 | 208064 |
| alpha-bungarotoxin blocks nicotinic transmission in the avian ciliary ganglion. | alpha-bungarotoxin binds to nicotinic receptors in skeletal muscle, blocking neuromuscular transmission. because this toxin has recently been shown to bind to chicken ciliary ganglia, an attempt has been made to determine whether it also blocks nicotinic transmission in this ganglion, alpha-bungarotoxin (1 micrometer) completely blocked nicotinic transmission in both the ciliary and choroid neurons of chicken and pigeon ciliary ganglia. the effect of the toxin could be partially reversed by prol ... | 1978 | 208083 |
| hydrogen sulfide: effects on avian respiratory control and intrapulmonary co2 receptors. | the respiratory response to acute inhalation of hydrogen sulfide (h2s) and the response of pulmonary co2 receptors to this gas were studied in male white leghorn chickens. inhaling low concentrations of h2s (0.05%) for 30 min had no effect on ventilation, but respiratory frequency and tidal volume became irregular and variable in birds that inhaled 0.2% and 0.3% h2s for that period. all birds that inhaled 0.4% h2s died within 15 min. h2s, presented in the gas stream of unidirectionally ventilate ... | 1978 | 208128 |
| [effect of actinomycin d and daunomycin on the biosynthesis of nucleic acids in cells transformed by oncornavirus and on the biosynthesis of viral nucleic acids (author's transl)]. | | 1978 | 208136 |
| [isolation and detection of avian adenoviruses on cell cultures]. | it is important, from the hygienic and epizootological view-point, to detect the presence of various microbiological agents in birds. the authors present the results of the virological examination of poultry, avian adenoviruses being the main object of investigation. ninety-eight virus strains were isolated from chickens of different age categories and were included in the group of avian adenoviruses according to the form of cytopathic changes on the cell cultures of hen kidneys, according to th ... | 1978 | 208217 |
| comparative study of experimental inclusion body hepatitis of chickens caused by two serotypes of avian adenovirus. | twenty 1-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens each were given an intraabdominal inoculation of either a type-8 avian adenovirus, [amg 5 (2a], or a type-5 avian adenovirus, inclusion body hepatitis virus (ibhv). the diseases produced were similar. high (60-100%) mortality and statistically significant depression of body weights occurred in both infections. there were necrotizing hepatitis and pancreatitis, lymphoid depletion in the spleen, bursa of fabricius and thymus, hydropericardium, nephr ... | 1978 | 208221 |
| [method of preparing a radioactive collagen substrate from chick embryo tendons for determining the activity of collagenases of animal origin]. | a method, described for obtaining of 14c-collagen from chicken embryo tendons, permitted to isolate the highly purified native substrate with high specific radioactivity applied to estimation of animal collagenases activity. the method is relatively simple, reproducible, does not require large amount of labelled amino acids; it shortens the course of protein purification. | 1978 | 208291 |
| ethanolamine and choline phosphotransferases of chicken brain. | | 1978 | 208358 |
| pathogenesis of marek's disease in chickens with maternal antibody. | histopathological lesions were studied in chickens with maternal antibody against md virus at 14-day intervals after their exposure by contact to hprs-16 of md virus in the first-day of life. the first lesions occured 14 days after infection in the liver, kidney, heart, brain and the sciatic nerves. relatively, the most expressive changes were observed between 56th and 70th day after infection. lesions were characterized as light to heavy infiltrations formed by immature and mature pleomorphic m ... | 1978 | 208481 |
| suppression and stimulation of dna synthesis by adp-ribosylation of nuclear proteins from adult hen and chick embryo liver. | | 1978 | 208547 |
| biotransformations of 25-hydroxyvitamin d3 by kidney microsomes. | | 1978 | 208553 |
| increased collagen synthesis in myeloblastosis-associated virus-infected chicken embryo fibroblasts. | | 1978 | 208575 |
| [complementary rna in the chicken sarcoma cells and rous sarcoma virus]. | the subcellular localization in chicken rous sarcoma of nucleotide sequence, complementary to rous sarcoma virus rna was examined by rna/rna molecular hybridization. the preparations of radioiodinated virion rna were annealed with rnas from different fractions (nuclei, mitochondria, free and membrane-bound polyribosomes) isolated from chicken rous sarcoma. formation of rna-ase resistant hybrids between the viral 125i-rna and rna from the mitochondria and membrane-bound polyribosomes was revealed ... | 1978 | 208681 |
| a complement fixing antigen in the livers of birds infected with an avian leukovirus (erythroblastosis virus). | extracts of erythroblastosis affected livers from which much of the structural protein had been removed were prepared by acid denaturation. these extracts contained complement fixing "soluble" antigen in a form which was not associated with viral or subviral particles. ultracentrifugation can be of assistance in separating complement fixation activity from contaminating material in these extracts. | 1978 | 208737 |
| regulation of lipoprotein synthesis. studies on the molecular mechanisms of lipoprotein synthesis and their regulation by estrogen in the cockerel. | | 1978 | 208801 |
| study of group-specific proteins in mammalian cells transformed by rous sarcoma virus. | lysates of various mammalian rsv-transformed cells labelled with 35s-methionine were tested for the presence of gs proteins and for the size of these molecules by means of antisera, using sodium dodecyl sulphate--polyacrylamide slab gel electrophoresis. in no case was the presence of gs proteins detected in the analyzed immunoprecipitates; only in rsh-mix cells a quantitative difference in the contrast of a 70 000-molecular weight protein was found. the autoradiograms of simultaneously tested im ... | 1978 | 208874 |
| stimulation of chicken spleen cell mitogenic response with turkey herpesvirus vaccine against marek's disease. | | 1978 | 208875 |
| a protein kinase inhibitory modulator in liver of developing chick. | | 1978 | 208886 |
| effect of stressing factors on corticosterone levels in the plasma of laying hens. | | 1978 | 208921 |
| in vitro establishment of marek's disease herpesvirus-transformed productive and nonproductive lymphoblastoid cell lines. | the establishment of two marek's disease herpesvirus-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (jmv-1 and jm-1) is reported. cocultivation with chicken embryo fibroblasts, attempts to rescue marek's disease virus from kidney cell cultures, and immunofluorescent staining show that jmv-1 is a nonproductive line and jm-1 is a productive line. | 1978 | 208974 |
| calcium sensitivity of contractile proteins from chicken gizzard muscle. | actin, myosin, and "native" tropomyosin (ntm) were separately isolated from chicken gizzard muscle and rabbit skeletal muscle. with various combinations of the isolated contractile proteins, mg-atpase activity and superprecipitation activity were measured. it was thus found that gizzard myosin and gizzard ntm behaved differently from skeletal myosin and skeletal ntm, whereas gizzard actin functioned in the same wasy as skeletal actin. it was also found that gizzard myosin preparations were often ... | 1978 | 209016 |
| effect of tunicamycin on the secretion of serum proteins by primary cultures of rat and chick hepatocytes. studies on transferrin, very low density lipoprotein, and serum albumin. | using rat or chick hepatocyte monolayers, we have studied the effect of tunicamycin, a specific inhibitor of protein glycosylation, on the synthesis and secretion of serum proteins. tunicamycin inhibited glucosamine incorporation into rat liver transferrin and the apoprotein b chain of chick liver very low density lipoprotein (vldl) by 75 to 90%. in contrasts, amino acid incorporation into these two glycoproteins, as well as into the normally unglycosylated proteins, rat serum albumin and apopro ... | 1978 | 209036 |
| hemoagglutination and hemagglutination inhibition tests with enterovirus type 70. | human type "o," guinea pig, and chicken erythrocytes were agglutinated by enterovirus type 70 at 4 degrees c or room temperature. a hemagglutination inhibition test, using human "o" erythrocytes, is described for the serological diagnosis of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis caused by enterovirus type 70. | 1978 | 209057 |
| virus-induced atherosclerosis. | of four groups of chickens, two (groups i and ii) were infected with mdv and two were not (groups iii and iv). groups i and iii were fed diets low in lipid, and groups ii and iv were fed cholesterol-supplemented diets. striking grossly visible atherosclerotic lesions were seen in large coronary arteries, aortas, and major aortic branches of infected normocholesterolemic and hypercholesterolemic chickens (groups i and ii). in contrast, grossly visible atherosclerotic lesions were not seen in unin ... | 1978 | 209124 |
| differential response of calcium transport systems in laying hens to exogenous and endogenous changes in vitamin d status. | changes in intestinal calcium absorption, calcium deposition into egg shell, and intestinal, renal and uterine calcium-binding protein (cabp) in laying hens were related to changes in 25 hydroxycholecalciferol-1-hydroxylase activity (1-hydroxylase), or to the supplementation of 1alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol (1alpha-oh-cc). the onset of egg production resulted in an increased kidney 1-hydroxylase activity and intestinal and uterine cabp. renal concentrations of cabp remained unchanged. intestinal ... | 1978 | 209158 |
| the effect of guanidine on transmitter release in the ciliary ganglion of the chick. | 1. the effect of guanidine hydrochloride on synaptic transmission at the chick ciliary ganglion was studied. 2. in bathing solution containing low calcium concentrations, guanidine produced a dose-dependent increase in the number of quanta released by the presynaptic action potential. no post-synaptic effects were observed. 3. intracellular presynaptic recordings and monitoring of the presynaptic action potential post-synaptically via the coupling potential showed that the action of guanidine wa ... | 1978 | 209168 |
| virus-specific markers and virus-like particles in cell lines of tumors produced by celo virus in syrian golden hamsters. | cell lines were established from 2 primary hepatocellular carcinomas (hc's) and 3 sarcomas produced in syrian golden hamsters inoculated as newborns with chicken embryo lethal orphan (celo) virus. cell lines from 2 sarcomas (cot, cmt) and 1 hc (cehep) produced celo virus-specific t-antigen. the antigen was not detected in cells of the third sarcoma line (rct) until they had undergone more than 34 passages in vitro. although 5-10% of cells in the second hc line (cilt/2) contained t-antigen during ... | 1978 | 209200 |
| peptide analysis of the transformation-specific antigen from avian sarcoma virus-transformed cells. | sera from rabbits bearing tumors induced by avian sarcoma virus (asv) were ussed to immunopecipitate virus-specific proteins from extracts of chicken, hamster, and field vole cells transformed by asv. two virus-specific proteins having molecular weights of 76,000 and 60,000 were found in all cell lines examined. the 76,000-molecular-weight protein, pr76, is the precursor to the internal core proteins of asv. the 60,000-molecular-weight (60k) transformation-specific antigen from each cell line wa ... | 1978 | 209218 |
| erythrocyte membrane fluidity in chicken muscular dystrophy. | | 1978 | 209273 |
| determination of vitamin d metabolites. | | 1978 | 209289 |
| cyclic amp increase the na+ permeability of the avian erythrocyte membrane by a process which does not involve protein phosphorylation. | preparations of avian erythrocyte plasma membranes have been made which are in the form of sealed vesicles. using these preparations the permeability of the membranes to n+, k+, mg2+ and ca2+ was measured. monobutyryl cyclic amp and cyclic amp increased the permeability to na+ and ca+ under conditions where no protein phosphorylation could occur. the only effect of phosphorylation of membrane proteins was to reduce ca+ permeability. it is thus concluded that cyclic amp increases na+ permeability ... | 1978 | 209312 |
| inclusion body hepatitis of chickens. | | 1977 | 209375 |
| effect of dietary aflatoxin on vitamin d3 metabolism in chicks. | male broiler chicks were fed diets containing either o (control) or 2.5 p.p.m. aflatoxin (toxin) for four weeks. a group of eight birds fed each diet was infected intravenously with radioactive vitamin d3 (d3) and a second group with radioactive 25-hydroxy vitamin d3 (25-oh d3). plasma was obtained 24 hr. after dosing with d3 and 6 hr. after dosing with 25-oh d3. the vitamin d metabolites were extracted from the plasma an chromatographed on sephadex lh-20 for separation. the four peaks of radioa ... | 1978 | 209429 |
| vaccination immunity to selected diseases in chickens fed the androgen analog mibolerone. | chickens fed the androgen analog mibolerone during the first 7 weeks of life regress their bursa of fabricius but can be properly immunized by vaccination against avian pathogens of major economic importance such as newcastle disease virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, avian encephalomyelitis virus, infectious bronchitis virus, fowl pox virus, marek's disease virus, and pasteurella multocida, the pathogen causing fowl cholera. these findings on immunocompetence to infectious agents are im ... | 1978 | 209430 |
| differentiation of progressive versus regressive rous virus-induced avian sarcomas according to tumor and infiltrating lymphocyte fine structure. | electron microscope examination of progressing and regressing rous virus-induced sarcomas in an inbred line of white leghorns revealed that regressing tumors contained moderate to marked lymphocyte infiltration, frequent contact between lymphocytes and tumor cells, and extensive areas of necrosis. lymphocytes infiltrating regressing tumors exhibited a polar accumulation of organelles at the point of contact between lymphocyte and target cell. on the other hand, progressing tumors contained low t ... | 1978 | 209431 |
| lymphocytotoxicity of chickens bearing rous sarcomas. | a 51cr uptake microcytotoxicity assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity of lymphocytes from chickens bearing rous sarcomas. differences in lymphocyte cytotoxicity among individual chickens were statistically significant. lymphocytes from chickens regressing (or having regressed) their tumors were significantly more cytotoxic than lymphocytes from hosts with progressing tumors. lymphocytes from chickens with progressing tumors tended to enhance tumor cell growth in vitro. | 1978 | 209432 |
| vaccination against infectious bronchitis and the immunosuppressive effects of infectious bursal disease. | an immunosuppressive effect was demonstrated in chickens which were infected with infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) early in life and prior to or shortly after vaccination with infectious bronchitis virus (ibv). this effect was evident by an increased susceptibility to respiratory tract infection with ibv and reduced virus-serum neutralizing antibody levels. chickens which were hatched from dams susceptible to infectious bursal disease (ibd) were less responsive to ibv immunization attempts ... | 1978 | 209433 |
| monensin, eimeria tenella infection, and effects on the bacterial populations in the ceca of gnotobiotic chickens. | bacteria-free chicks in separate plastic film isolators were inoculated orally with single species of bacteria. within an isolator, half the birds were fed unmedicated feed and half received feed containing 100 ppm monensin. with clostridium perfringens as the established species of monoflora, bacterial counts from the duodenum were 10(4) times lower and counts from the ceca were three times lower in monensin-fed birds compared to unmedicated birds. infection with eimeria tenella stimulated an e ... | 1978 | 209434 |
| effects of age, sex, and ascorbic acid ingestion on chicken plasma corticosterone levels. | | 1978 | 209435 |
| toxicity of polybrominated biphenyl and its effects on reproduction of white leghorn hens. | | 1978 | 209436 |
| a comparative pathogenesis of two mareks disease virus isolates. | the pathogenesis of the jm and ga isolates of marek's disease virus (mdv) infection was compared by studying the sequential tissue distribution of mdv associated antigens with gross and microscopic lesions in infected chickens. with both mdv isolates the initial sites of viral replication were the lymphoid organs, skin, and featers. both the ga and jm isolates were viscerotropic as demonstrated by the presence of mdv antigens with gross and microscopic changes occurring in several visceral organ ... | 1978 | 209437 |
| [immunological and structural properties of rous sarcoma virus-transformed and tumor cells]. | we compared the capacity of both normal and rous sarcoma virus (rsv)-transformed chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) cells as well as rous sarcoma (rs) tumor cells to serve as targets in anti-tumor immunity assays. these studies showed that sera from tumor-bearing donors were able to stain transformed cef more efficiently than rs cells as detected by immunofluorescence. in contrast, antiserum against the major viral glycoprotein, gp 85, stained a higher percentage of rs than transformed cells. norma ... | 1978 | 209500 |
| the mecanism of cementing line formation in the bones of cestrum-fed chicks. | chicks fed a rachitogenic diet for five weeks after hatching were then treated with a daily oral dose of 1,000 i.u. vitamin d3 or a 1% addition to the feed of powdered leaves of cestrum diurnum for periods of 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 30 days. comparative studies were made on stained sections, microradiographs of undermineralized sections and alpharadiographs of demineralized sections. the present dose of cestrum diurnum caused at first, a rapid maturation and mineralization of the epiphyseal cartilage ... | 1978 | 209501 |
| [testing the immunogenicity of the dermal antigen in marek's disease virus]. | an experiment was performed to study the immunogenicity of the dermal antigen of marek's disease virus, extracted from the skin of 30-day-old chickens, infected with marek's disease virus on the first day of life. three kinds of samples were tested: (1) dermal antigen centrifuged at 10 000 g per 0.5 h, (2) dermal antigen centrifugated at 10 000 g per 0.5 h and 100 000 g per 1 h, (3) dermal antigen treated like sample (2) and partly purified by deae-cellulose chromatography. samples (1) and (2) w ... | 1978 | 209603 |
| biochemical evidence of the nonintegrated status of marek's disease virus dna in virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cells of chicken. | | 1978 | 209622 |
| cell cycle-dependent multiplication of avian adenoviruses in chicken embryo fibroblasts. | propagation of celo virus employing confluent monolayers of chicken enbryo fibroblasts (cef) yielded virus titers one to two logs lower than those from confluent chicken kidney (ck) cells. an enhancement of virus production in cef as measured by plaque formation was obtainedby infectng cultures in the growing non confluent state. measurements of 3h-thymidine incorporation revealed a positive correlation between the dna synthesis of cef cultures at the time of inoculation and the amount of progen ... | 1978 | 209769 |
| pathogenesis of fowlpox in laying hens. | egg production dropped after hens were inoculated with fowlpox virus originally isolated from a natural mild infection. the drop started from the 2nd week and continued to the 5th week after inoculation. all birds developed focal lesions at the site of inoculation, and some developed secondary lesions. the drop in individual birds was related to the severity of lesions. birds challenged with fowlpox virus fifteen months after vaccination with pigeon pox vaccine were susceptible. | 1978 | 209778 |
| effect of avian adeno-associated virus on pathogenicity of tipton virus in chicks. | the avian adeno-associated virus (a-av) reduced the pathogenicity of an adenovirus infection in vivo. groups of chicks were infected with tipton virus alone or in combination with high or low doses of a-av. in both trials, the associated virus delayed and reduced chick mortality. this effect was dose-dependent and significant at the higher dose level. | 1978 | 209781 |
| effect of maternal antibody on viraemic and antibody responses to cell-associated and cell-free turkey herpesvirus in chickens. | | 1978 | 209848 |
| pbb fed to immature chickens: its effect on organ weights and function and on the cardiovascular system. | in a series of polybrominated biphenyl (pbb) feeding trials in white leghorn cockerel chicks, the effects of pbb on various physiological parameters and organ weights were determined. these measurements included: growth, thyroid function, ecg, cardiac output, blood pressure, hematocrit, erythropoietin levels, and spleen, bursa of fabricius, thyroid, testes, comb, liver weights. in addition, tissues were histologically examined. pbb, in the commercial grade form of hexabromobiphenyl, was administ ... | 1978 | 209983 |
| pbb fed to adult female chickens: its effect on egg production, reproduction, viability of offspring, and residues in tissues and eggs. | two experiments with light breed laying chickens fed polybrominated biphenyl (pbb) as firemaster ff-1. the first involved feeding pbb at dietary levels of 0.2, 1, 5, 25, 125, 625, and 3125 ppm, the second involved levels of 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120. each group had 24 hens, and each experiment had a control group of 24 hens. pbb diets were fed for 5 weeks. feed intake, production, reproduction, tissue residues and viability of offspring were monitored during that time and a subsequent 8 weeks. pro ... | 1978 | 209988 |
| assessment of the hazards of polybrominated biphenyls. | during their peak use period, pbbs represented under 1% of the total sales of fire retardant chemicals, and very probably would have escaped intensive study if they had not been mixed accidentally with animal feed preparations. instead, international attention was drawn to pbbs by the state-supervised killing of over 35,000 cattle which had been contaminated with pbbs. interestingly, low doses of pbbs exert a broad spectrum of toxicological, pharmacological, and biochemical effects despite low a ... | 1978 | 209999 |
| effects of processing and cooking on pbb residues. | to study the effect of processing on polybrominated biphenyl (pbb) levels, milk from four dairy herds containing less than 0.3 ppm (fat basis) of physiologically incorporated pbbs was presented individually into cream, skim milk, butter, and stirred curd cheese. pasteurized and freeze-dried whole milk, skim milk, and cream, spray-dried whole milk and skim milk, and condensed whole milk were also made. pbbs were concentrated in the high-fat products. spray-drying reduced pbbs in whole milk and sk ... | 1978 | 210000 |
| transmission of b77 virus double mutant la334 markers by transfection. | successful transfection of brown leghorn chicken fibroblasts was carried out with dna isolated from duck cells transformed by the la334 mutant of avian sarcoma virus b77. transfection of duck cells was negative. the four viruses recovered after transfection were all temperature-sensitive for transformation. two were fully temperature-sensitive for replication, as shown by analysis of virus replication, by characterization of virus particles produced at the nonpermissive temperature using density ... | 1978 | 210141 |
| sites of integration of reticuloendotheliosis virus dna in chicken dna. | the pattern of integration of spleen necrosis virus (snv) dna in dna from a large population of snv-infected chicken cells was studied by nucleic acid hybridization with iodinated viral rna by the blotting technique of southern. snv dna was found to be integrated at multiple sites in acutely infected chicken cells. concomitant with the transition from acute to chronic infection, a shift in the pattern of integration was observed. the majority of integrated snv dna found in acutely infected cells ... | 1978 | 210459 |
| [disc-electrophoresis of proteins and infrared spectroscopy of rous sarcoma tissue]. | a study of sarcoma was carried out in the process of its development in the chicken muscular tissue. simplification of the protein composition and ir-spectra of the tumour are established which is manifested in an increase in the content of albuminous proteins and in a decrease in some globulin fractions, in disappearance of two ir spectrum bands as well as in changes in relative optical density of the bands at 1560 and 1380 cm-1. | 1978 | 210549 |
| prevention of avian lymphoid leukosis by induction of bursal atrophy with infectious bursal disease viruses. | five groups of genetically susceptible chickens were inoculated at hatching with lymphoid leukosis virus; four of these were given infectious bursal viruses of varying virulence at 14 days of age and one group was not inoculated (control). all chickens in the control group developed evidence of lymphoid leukosis by 180 days. two groups given relatively virulent bursal disease viruses, which destroyed bursal lymphoid cells, did not develop lymphoid leukosis. treatment with avirulent vaccines had ... | 1978 | 210556 |
| [immunogenic activity of vaccines against marek's disease]. | | 1978 | 210559 |
| [interaction of marek's disease and rous sarcoma viruses in a mixed infection in chicks]. | | 1978 | 210560 |
| the effect of infection and transformation by rous sarcoma virus upon lysophosphoglyceride biosynthesis in chicken embryo fibroblasts. | | 1978 | 210575 |
| a transformation defective mutant of rous sarcoma virus inducing chick embryo neuroretinal cell proliferation. | | 1978 | 210583 |
| [reaction between cgmp and camp in their effect on muscle carbohydrate metabolism]. | cgmp (10(-4)-10(-7) m) did not affect the activity of phosphorylase and glycogen synthetase from chicken sceletal muscles; but the cgmp prevented completely an effect of camp on the enzymes. this blocking effect was specific for cgmp (gmp did not exhibit the effect) and for camp (influence of calcium on the enzyme was not eliminated by camp). possible mechanisms of the cgmp effects studied are considered: 1) stimulation of camp hydrolysis, 2) antagonism at the level of proteinkinase system. cgmp ... | 1978 | 210587 |
| changes in chick muscle microtubules during development and in vitro differentiation. | | 1976 | 210625 |
| the effect of acth and heparin treatment on the blood plasma aldosterone level in the domestic chicken. | | 1976 | 210642 |
| isolation of the proviral coding strand of avian myeloblastosis virus from leukemic chicken myeloblast by affinity chromatography. | | 1978 | 210689 |
| age-dependent changes in the activities of atpase and some pyridine nucleotide-linked enzymes in the chick testis. | the ontogeny of some of the enzymes connected with carbohydrate metabolism in the testis were studied in the white-rock chicks. in the first place testicular growth in these chicks relate to their overall growth as measured by their body weights. atpase and nad+-dependent succinic dehydrogenase activities decreased both with advancing age and increasing testicular weight. however, these enzymes showed maximum activities at 17 and 28 weeks respectively. nad+-linked isocitric dehydrogenase activit ... | 1977 | 210774 |
| cycloleucine blocks 5'-terminal and internal methylations of avian sarcoma virus genome rna. | cycloleucine, a competitive inhibitor of atp: l-methionine s-adenosyltransferase in vitro, has been used to reduce intracellular concentrations of s-adenosylmethionine and by this means to inhibit virion rna methylation in chicken embryo cells that are infected with b77 avian sarcoma virus. under conditions of cycloleucine treatment, where virus production as measured by incorporation of radioactive precursors or by number of infectious particles is not significantly affected, the internal m6a ... | 1978 | 210799 |
| the interaction of arsenite with the molybdenum center of chicken liver xanthine dehydrogenase. | inactivation of chicken liver xanthine dehydrogenase by arsenite is reflected in the molybdenum electron paramagnetic resonance signal at g = 1.97. the arsenite spectrum shows additional splittings and considerable broadening yet remains comparable to the native in total intensity. further subtle alterations of the molybdenum signal of arsenite-treated enzyme are seen in the presence of purine-type substrates or inhibitors. | 1978 | 210844 |
| regulation of the diurnal cycle in activity of serotonin acetyltransferase in the chick pineal gland. | when chick pineal glands were explanted into organ culture at midlight phase of a diurnal cycle of illumination and incubated in the dark, they developed marked increases in serotonin acetyltransferase (acetyl coa:arylamine n-acetyltransferase; ec 2.3.1.5) activity. either this increase in activity was inhibited or its onset was retarded in glands incubated under constant illumination. supplements of theophylline, isobutylmethylxanthine, quinidine, and compound ro 20-1724 (4-(3-butoxyl-4-methoxy ... | 1978 | 210906 |
| enterotoxigenic clostridium perfringens type a isolated from intestinal contents of cattle, sheep and chickens. | one hundred and fourteen strains of clostridium perfringens, isolated from the intestinal contents of cattle, sheep, and chickens with enteritis or other disease conditions were studied for their ability to produce enterotoxin. reversed passive hemagglutination, fluorescent antibody and immunodiffusion tests were used. on the basis of the reversed passive hemagglutination titres, supported by the other two tests, enterotoxigenicity of the strains was arbitrarily classified into two categories: h ... | 1978 | 210914 |
| broiler-breeder vaccination against infectious bursal disease and persistence of maternal antibody in progeny. | | 1978 | 210922 |
| differential expression of rous sarcoma virus-specific transformation parameters in enucleated cells. | chicken embryo fibroblasts transformed with the ta and ts68 mutants of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) were enucleated and studied for their capacity to express reversibly the transformed phenotype in response to temperature changes. after shift to the permissive temperature (35 degrees c), the cytoplasts acquired a transformed morphology and displayed characteristic ruffles and microvilli at their surface. as detected by immunofluorescence, they also lost their actin filament cables and exhibited char ... | 1978 | 210958 |
| the biochemistry of fatty liver and kidney syndrome of the fowl (gallus domesticus): effects of fasting and fasting/re-feeding on renal gluconeogenesis in chicks fed on the syndrome-inducing diet. | | 1978 | 211060 |
| suppression and enhancement of mitogen response in chickens infected with marek's disease virus and the herpesvirus of turkeys. | the kinetics of phytohemagglutinin (pha) response of peripheral blood lymphocytes from chickens infected with oncogenic marek's disease (md) virus (mdv) or nononcogenic herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) was studied with a whole blood microassay. at about 7 days after inoculation, a depression in pha response was observed in mdv-inoculated resistant line n or susceptible line 7(2) chickens and in hvt-inoculated line 7(2) chickens. all chickens initially regained their pha responsiveness. susceptible c ... | 1978 | 211085 |
| role of ca++ in virus-induced membrane fusion. ca++ accumulation and ultrastructural changes induced by sendai virus in chicken erythrocytes. | some of the ultrastructural (freeze-etching technique), morphological, and biochemical effects of sendai virus interaction with chicken erythrocytes have been studied under fusogenic (in the presence of cacl2) and nonfusogenic (in the presence of ethyleneglycol-bis-n,n'-tetraacetic acid, [egta]) conditions. the following phenomena occur, irrespective of the presence of cacl2 or egta: (a) binding of iodinated virus particles to chicken erythrocytes at 4 degrees c and their partial release from th ... | 1978 | 211140 |
| simultaneous production of mouse endogenous virus and rous sarcoma virus by schmidt-ruppin virus infected mouse cells. | schmidt-ruppin rous sarcoma virus infected chick cells injected into newborn c3h/f mice gave rise to tumours at the site of inoculation. these tumours were transplantable in adult c3h/f mice and were able to induce tumours in the wing of adult leghorn chickens. tumour cells from the 18th passage in mice were used to establish a cell line in tissue culture (c3hsr). these cells released c-type virus particles that produced foci and were able to propagate in chick cells. cloning of the c3hsr cells ... | 1978 | 211179 |
| ok 10 virus, an avian retrovirus resembling the acute leukaemia viruses. | the ok 10 virus complex was isolated from a liver tumour of a chicken which, as an embryo, had been inoculated intravenously with a field isolate of an avian leukosis virus. the ok 10 virus complex contains at least two viruses: the interference assay and serum neutralization test indicate that the helper virus belongs to subgroup a. one of the viruses, ok 10 v, induces distinct foci in chick embryo cells under agar overlay and cells from the foci form colonies in soft agar. these properties all ... | 1978 | 211198 |
| visualization of vitamin d-dependent calcium binding protein in chick intestinal tissue by immuno-scanning electron microscopy. | | 1978 | 211210 |
| demonstration of marek's disease tumor-associated surface antigen in chickens infected with nononcogenic marek's disease virus and herpesvirus of turkeys. | the presence of marek's disease tumor-associated surface antigen (matsa) was demonstrated on spleen cells from p-line chickens inoculated 5--6 days earlier with herpesvirus of turkeys and sb-1 (a nononcogenic marek's disease virus). antisera against matsa expressed on five marek's disease lymphoblastoid cell lines were able to recognize the matsa present on sb-1-infected spleen cells. no viral membrane antigens and only a low incidence of viral internal antigens could be demonstrated. | 1978 | 211242 |
| purification of virus-specific rna from chicken cells infected with avian sarcoma virus: identification of genome-length and subgenome-leghth viral rnas. | avian sarcoma virus (asv)-specific rna was purified from asv-infected cells by using hybridization techniques which employ polydeoxycytidylic acid-elongated dna complementary to asv rna as well as chromatography on polyinosinic acid-sephadex columns. the purity and nucleotide sequence composition of purified, virus-specific rna were established by rehybridization experiments and analysis of labeled rnase t1-resistant oligonucleotides by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. polyade ... | 1978 | 211252 |
| properties of the erythrocyte receptors for influenza c virus. | properties of the receptor for influenza c virus were studied. although the receptor for influenza c virus on chicken erythrocytes was destroyed by the homologous virion, neuraminidase activity could not be detected in any of the influenza c virus strains tested. the receptor activity of chicken erythrocytes for influenza c virus was diminished by formaldehyde treatment but not by periodate oxidation. there was a considerable variation in the pattern and the titer of hemagglutination of influenz ... | 1978 | 211399 |
| fused rocket and rocket immunoelectrophoresis adapted for demonstration and quantitation of the a antigen of marek's disease virus-infected cell cultures. | preliminary results have shown that the rocket immunoelectrophoresis technique can be used as a method for quantitation of the a antigen of marek's disease virus-infected cell cultures. | 1978 | 211484 |
| detection of an early surface change during oncogenic transformation. | fluorescamine, which can label surface components of cells grown as monolayers in culture, has been used to probe alterations in chicken embryo fibroblasts infected with a temperature-sensitive mutant of rous sarcoma virus, prague a, la24. the fluorescence of bound fluorescamine on cells at the permissive temperature (35 degrees) was found to be about 1/3 that of cells cultured at the nonpermissive temperature (41 degrees). during development of the transformed phenotype, i.e., after transfer o ... | 1978 | 211504 |
| post-transcriptional suppression of globin gene expression in cells transformed by avian erythroblastosis virus. | cells transformed by avian erythroblastosis virus were grown in vitro for up to 5 months. after a few days in culture, synthesis of hemoglobin was undetectable and could not be induced by dimethyl sulfoxide. as shown by globin cdna hybridization to nuclear and cytoplasmic rna carried to crot values of 10(5) moles of nucleotide per liter x sec, globin genes in these cells are transcribed into pre-mrna, but no trace of globin mrna appears in the cytoplasm. the implications of this observation for ... | 1978 | 211506 |
| vitamin d3-induced calcium binding protein in bone tissue. | as detected by radioimmunoassay with antiserums against chick intestinal calcium binding protein (cabp), administration of vitamin d3 to rachitic chicks causes a 25- to 100-fold increase in immunoreactive cabp in chick bone. the bone cabp has a higher molecular weight (approximately 34,000 daltons) than intestinal cabp (28,000 daltons), is concentrated principally in the spongiosa and cartilage plate regions of tibia, and responds adaptively to reflect the level of dietary calcium. | 1978 | 211584 |