| differential effects of the combination of tyrosol with chlorhexidine gluconate on oral biofilms. | this study assessed the effect of tyrosol and chlorhexidine gluconate in combination against candida albicans, candida glabrata, and streptococcus mutans in the planktonic state or forming biofilms in vitro. | 2017 | 28142218 |
| epidemiological investigation of candida species causing bloodstream infection in paediatric small bowel transplant recipients. | small bowel transplantation (sbt) can be a life-saving medical procedure. however, these recipients experience high risk of bloodstream infections caused by candida. this research aims to characterise the sbt recipient gut microbiota over time following transplantation and investigate the epidemiology of candidaemia in seven paediatric patients. candida species from the recipients' ileum and bloodstream were identified by internal transcribed spacer sequence and distinguished to strain by multil ... | 2017 | 28139856 |
| azole antifungal resistance in candida albicans and emerging non-albicans candida species. | within the limited antifungal armamentarium, the azole antifungals are the most frequent class used to treat candida infections. azole antifungals such as fluconazole are often preferred treatment for many candida infections as they are inexpensive, exhibit limited toxicity, and are available for oral administration. there is, however, extensive documentation of intrinsic and developed resistance to azole antifungals among several candida species. as the frequency of azole resistant candida isol ... | 2016 | 28127295 |
| [evaluation of pna-fish method for direct identification of candida species in blood culture samples and its potential impact on guidance of antifungal therapy]. | early antifungal therapy has a major influence on survival in candidemia. rapid identification of the species has importance for the treatment, prediction of the species-specific primary resistance and variable antifungal susceptibility. recently, molecular-based methods attempt to reduce the time between the positive signal of a blood culture and identification of the fungus. pna-fish (peptide nucleic acid fluorescence in situ hybridization) assay distinguishes a number of frequently isolated c ... | 2016 | 28124963 |
| in vitro antifungal susceptibility of oral candida isolates from patients suffering from caries and chronic periodontitis. | caries and chronic periodontitis are common oral diseases where a higher candida colonization is reported. antifungal agents could be adjuvant drugs for the therapy of both clinical conditions. the aim of the current study has been to evaluate the in vitro activities of conventional and new antifungal drugs against oral candida isolates from patients suffering from caries and/or chronic periodontitis. in vitro activities of amphotericin b, fluconazole, itraconazole, miconazole, nystatin, posacon ... | 2017 | 28124220 |
| granule-dependent natural killer cell cytotoxicity to fungal pathogens. | natural killer (nk) cells kill or inhibit the growth of a number of fungi including cryptococcus, candida, aspergillus, rhizopus, and paracoccidioides. although many fungi are not dangerous, invasive fungal pathogens, such as cryptococcus neoformans, cause life-threatening disease in individuals with impaired cell-mediated immunity. while there are similarities to cell-mediated killing of tumor cells, there are also important differences. similar to tumor killing, nk cells directly kill fungi in ... | 2016 | 28123389 |
| antifungal activity of substituted aurones. | novel antifungals are in high demand as there is a growing resistance to antifungals currently in use. in particular, opportunistic fungal infections caused by candida spp. are on the rise with infections by this genus accounting for the most severe fungal infections following chemotherapy, implantation procedures, and in patients with hiv/aids. a series of simple aurone analogs were synthesized and screened for antifungal activity versus candida spp. several compounds displayed activity at 100μ ... | 2017 | 28094180 |
| pharmacokinetic study of anidulafungin in icu patients with intra-abdominal candidiasis. | only limited pharmacokinetic data are available for anidulafungin in icu patients, especially in patients treated for severe intra-abdominal infection (iai). | 2017 | 28088767 |
| scy-078 is fungicidal against candida species in time-kill studies. | scy-078 is an orally bioavailable ß-1,3-glucan synthesis inhibitor (gsi) and the first-in-class of structurally novel triterpene antifungals in clinical development for treating candidemia and invasive candidiasis. in vitro susceptibilities by broth microdilution, antifungal carryover, and time-kill dynamics were determined for three reference (atcc) strains (candida albicans 90028, candida parapsilosis 90018, and candida tropicalis 750), a quality-control (qc) strain (candida krusei 6258), and ... | 2017 | 28069658 |
| utilization of size polymorphism in its1 and its2 regions for identification of pathogenic yeast species. | despite the existence of a variety of available yeast identification strategies, easier and more cost-effective methods are required for routine use in clinical laboratories. the internal transcribed spacer (its) regions of fungal rrna genes exhibit variable sizes depending on the yeast species. in the present study, fragment size polymorphism (fsp) analysis of the its1 and its2 regions for identification of the clinically most important yeast species was assessed. the its1 and its2 regions of 1 ... | 2017 | 28068213 |
| pan-azole-resistant candida tropicalis carrying homozygous erg11 mutations at position k143r: a new emerging superbug? | candidaemia is a public health problem mainly in hospitalized individuals worldwide. in brazil, candida albicans is the most prevalent species that causes candidaemia, followed by candida tropicalis and candida parapsilosis . few data on the abundance of antifungal resistance are available for latin america. | 2017 | 28065893 |
| caspofungin mic distribution amongst commonly isolated candida species in a tertiary care centre - an indian experience. | emergence of candida species resistant to amphotericin b and triazole has led to use of echinocandins, mostly caspofungin in the management of invasive candidiasis. there are some published reports of caspofungin resistance in candida species yet no studies on caspofungin susceptibility pattern of candida species exist in indian setup. | 2016 | 28050365 |
| activity of the aqueous extract of schinus terebinthifolius raddi on strains of the candida genus. | objectives to evaluate the antifungal susceptibility profile of the aqueous extract of the bark of schinus terebinthifolius raddi against the strains of the genus candida. methods by using the disk diffusion method, 50 samples of the genus candida (candida albicans; candida krusei; candida glabrata; and candida tropicalis), isolated from patients receiving treatment at hospital santa casa de misericórdia de são paulo, and 1 american type culture collection (atcc) sample of each species were test ... | 2016 | 28038478 |
| photoinactivation of single and mixed biofilms of candida albicans and non-albicans candida species using phorodithazine(®). | this study evaluated the effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (apdt) mediated by photodithazine(®) (pdz) formulated in hydrogel, in the inactivation of mono and duo-species biofilms of candida albicans, candida glabrata and candida tropicalis. standardized suspensions of each strain were prepared and after biofilm formation, mono-species were treated with 150 and 175mg/l of pdz for 20min (pre-irradiation time), and exposed to led light at a dose of 37.5j/cm(2) (660nm). the duo-spe ... | 2017 | 27988224 |
| a sensitive and a rapid multiplex polymerase chain reaction for the identification of candida species in concentrated oral rinse specimens in patients with diabetes. | oral candidiasis is being frequently recognized in patients with diabetes, and is associated with multiple pathogens including candida albicans, candida parapsilosis, candida glabrata and candida tropicalis. the aim of this study was to evaluate a usefulness of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction as a rapid diagnostic tool for identification of four oral candida pathogens in patients with diabetes. | 2017 | 27960572 |
| invitro antifungal susceptibilities of candida species to liposomal amphotericin b, determined using clsi broth microdilution, and amphotericin b deoxycholate, measured using the etest. | the antifungal susceptibilities of 598 isolates of candida spp. (bloodstream and other sterile sites) to liposomal amphotericin b (l-amb) versus amphotericin b (amb) were determined. mics were calculated using the clinical and laboratory standards institute broth microdilution (m27-a3) method for l-amb and the etest method for amb. the mic50/mic90 (µg ml-1) values for l-amb broth microdilution and amb etest were 0.25/1 and 0.19/0.5, respectively. the overall essential agreement (±2 dilutions) wa ... | 2017 | 27959780 |
| identification and antifungal susceptibility testing of candida species: a comparison of vitek-2 system with conventional and molecular methods. | candida infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients; an accurate and early identification is a prerequisite need to be taken as an effective measure for the management of patients. the purpose of this study was to compare the conventional identification of candida species with identification by vitek-2 system and the antifungal susceptibility testing (ast) by broth microdilution method with vitek-2 ast system. | 2017 | 27942193 |
| synergism between fluconazole and methylene blue-photodynamic therapy against fluconazole-resistant candida strains. | photodynamic therapy (pdt) has been proved to be effective against fungi and it may be employed as a coadjutant to conventional antifungal agents, leading to a more effective microbial control minimising side effects. this work evaluates the combined effect of pdt and fluconazole against resistant candida albicans, candida glabrata and candida krusei. the yeasts were submitted to methylene blue-pdt (mb-pdt) in sub-inhibitory concentrations. in the present work, mb-pdt combined with fluconazole w ... | 2017 | 27934831 |
| in vitro synergism of a water insoluble fraction of uncaria tomentosa combined with fluconazole and terbinafine against resistant non-candida albicans isolates. | uncaria tomentosa d.c. (rubiaceae) has several biological activities, including activity against resistant candida strains. the synergistic interaction with terbinafine or fluconazole can be an important alternative to overcome this resistance. | 2017 | 27931150 |
| candida species isolated from different body sites and their antifungal susceptibility pattern: cross-analysis of candida albicans and candida glabrata biofilms. | candida species are regular commensal in humans, but-especially in immunocompromised patients-they represent opportunistic pathogens giving rise to systemic infection. the aim of the present work was to isolate and characterize for their antifungal profile candida species from different body sites and to analyze the biofilms produced by c. albicans and c. glabrata isolates. eighty-one strains of candida species from 77 patients were identified. epidemiological study showed that the most isolated ... | 2016 | 27915303 |
| the current treatment landscape: candidiasis. | the epidemiology of candida species infection has changed over recent decades, influenced by local hospital-related factors, patient predisposing conditions and type of antifungal agents administered. a shift from candida albicans as the predominant pathogen towards an increasing prevalence of the species candida glabrata and candida parapsilosis amongst critically ill patients has been documented. changes in candida species distribution may impact treatment recommendations due to differences in ... | 2016 | 27880665 |
| molecular characterization of candida isolates from intensive care unit patients, krakow, poland. | over the last decades, candida species have emerged as important pathogens in immunocompromised patients. nosocomial infections are mainly of endogenous origin. nevertheless, some cases of exogenous candidiasis have also been reported. | 2017 | 27864011 |
| echinocandin resistance in candida species isolates from liver transplant recipients. | liver transplant recipients are at risk of invasive fungal infections, especially candidiasis. echinocandin is recommended as prophylactic treatment but is increasingly associated with resistance. our aim was to assess echinocandin drug resistance in candida spp. isolated from liver transplant recipients treated with this antifungal class. for this, all liver-transplanted patients in a university hospital (créteil, france) between january and june of 2013 and 2015 were included. susceptibilities ... | 2017 | 27855078 |
| a comparative investigation of azole susceptibility in candida isolates from vulvovaginal candidiasis and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis patients in ghana. | vulvovaginal candidiasis (vvc) and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (rvvc) affect millions of women and are typically treated with azoles. we know little about azole susceptibility of candida species from vvc versus rvvc patients, and nothing about african isolates. we have investigated the susceptibility of candida isolates from ghana to fluconazole, itraconazole and/or voriconazole. the percentage of candida albicans isolates showing susceptibility was significantly lower in rvvc than vvc pa ... | 2016 | 27838642 |
| molecular detection of resistance to echinocandins. | in the last years, life-threatening fungal diseases have increased significantly, due to the rising number of human individuals susceptible to fungal infections, which are in part complicated by the emergence of antifungal drug-resistant pathogens. among yeasts, candida albicans and candida glabrata are the most common organisms responsible for invasive fungal diseases. the molecular detection of echinocandin resistance in candida species may represent a useful means of monitoring the incidence ... | 2017 | 27837518 |
| t2 magnetic resonance for fungal diagnosis. | rapid diagnostic methods for fungal infections are long awaited and are expected to improve outcomes through early initiation of targeted antifungal therapy. t2candida panel is a novel qualitative diagnostic platform that was recently approved by the us food and drug administration (fda) for diagnosis of candidemia with a mean time to species identification of less than 5 h. t2candida panel is performed on the fully automated t2dx instrument in whole blood k2edta specimens and is able to detect ... | 2017 | 27837513 |
| miltefosine inhibits candida albicans and non-albicans candida spp. biofilms and impairs the dispersion of infectious cells. | candida spp. can adhere to and form biofilms over different surfaces, becoming less susceptible to antifungal treatment. resistance of biofilms to antifungal agents is multifactorial and the extracellular matrix (ecm) appears to play an important role. among the few available antifungals for treatment of candidaemia, only the lipid formulations of amphotericin b (amb) and the echinocandins are effective against biofilms. our group has previously demonstrated that miltefosine has an important eff ... | 2016 | 27667564 |
| anti-candida activity assessment of pelargonium graveolens oil free and nanoemulsion in biofilm formation in hospital medical supplies. | infections due to microbial biofilm formation on the surface of catheters and other medical devices are constantly reported as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients admitted to hospitals. furthermore, sessile cells are more resistant to phagocytosis and most antimicrobial, which complicates the treatment of such infections. researches aimed at new antimicrobial originating mainly from plants have increased in recent years and the development of new strategies for their release is ... | 2016 | 27544324 |
| ureaplasma parvum genotype, combined vaginal colonisation with candida albicans, and spontaneous preterm birth in an australian cohort of pregnant women. | detection of ureaplasma, mycoplasma and candida spp. in the vagina during pregnancy has previously been associated with preterm birth (ptb). however, the prevalence of these microorganisms and the associated obstetric risks (likely to be population-specific) have not been determined in australian women; furthermore, in the case of ureaplasma spp., very few studies have attempted characterisation at the species level and none have examined genotype/serovar status to further refine risk assessment ... | 2016 | 27756249 |
| antifungal therapy for patients with proven or suspected candida peritonitis: amarcand2, a prospective cohort study in french intensive care units. | the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients treated for candida peritonitis (cp) were compared according to the type of systemic antifungal therapy (sat), empiric (eaf) or targeted (taf) therapies, and the final diagnosis of infection. | 2017 | 27746395 |
| [epidemiology, risk factors and in vitro susceptibility in candidaemia due to non-candida albicans species]. | invasive fungal infection (ifi) has increased in recent years due to there being a greater number of risk factors. ifi caused by candida is the most frequent, and although candida albicans is the most isolated species, there is currently a decrease of c. albicans and an increase of other species of the genus. | 2016 | 27746090 |
| fungal infections in patients with walled-off pancreatic necrosis. | this study aimed to evaluate the influence of fungal infection and antifungal treatment on outcome in patients with walled-off pancreatic necrosis (won). | 2016 | 27518465 |
| anticandidal synergistic activity of green tea catechins, antimycotics and copper sulphate as a mean of combinational drug therapy against candidiasis. | the present investigation aims at evaluating synergistic herbal based composition of purified catechins with fluconazole, amphotericin b and copper sulphate against candida albicans (mtcc 3017) and candida glabrata (mtcc 3019). the catechins were isolated from green tea leaves of assam, himachal pradesh and uttarakhand regions of india. the synergistic activity of combinations against candida species was assessed following microdilution checkerboard technique and time kill assay. the inhibitory ... | 2017 | 27743771 |
| portrait of candida species biofilm regulatory network genes. | most cases of candidiasis have been attributed to candida albicans, but candida glabrata, candida parapsilosis and candida tropicalis, designated as non-c. albicans candida (ncac), have been identified as frequent human pathogens. moreover, candida biofilms are an escalating clinical problem associated with significant rates of mortality. biofilms have distinct developmental phases, including adhesion/colonisation, maturation and dispersal, controlled by complex regulatory networks. this review ... | 2017 | 27717660 |
| sequence-identification of candida species isolated from candidemia. | candida species are the most prevalent cause of invasive fungal infections such as candidemia. candidemia is a lethal fungal infection among immunocompromised patients worldwide. main pathogen is candida albicans but a global shift in epidemiology toward non-albicans species have reported. species identification is imperative for good management of candidemia as a fatal infection. the aim of the study is to identify candida spp. obtained from candidemia and determination of mortality rate among ... | 2016 | 27713871 |
| the epidemiology and outcomes of invasive candida infections among organ transplant recipients in the united states: results of the transplant-associated infection surveillance network (transnet). | invasive candidiasis (ic) is a common cause of mortality in solid organ transplant recipients (otrs), but knowledge of epidemiology in this population is limited. | 2016 | 27643395 |
| candida species diversity and antifungal susceptibility patterns in oral samples of hiv/aids patients in baja california, mexico. | candidiasis is the most common opportunistic fungal infection in hiv patients. the aims of this study were to identify the prevalence of carriers of candida, candida species diversity, and in vitro susceptibility to antifungal drugs. in 297 hiv/aids patients in baja california, mexico, candida strains were identified by molecular methods (pcr-rflp) from isolates of oral rinses of patients in tijuana, mexicali, and ensenada. 56.3% of patients were colonized or infected with candida in tijuana, th ... | 2016 | 27630251 |
| antifungal susceptibility of candida species isolated from patients with candidemia in southern taiwan, 2007-2012: impact of new antifungal breakpoints. | the clinical and laboratory standard institute (clsi) revised the clinical breakpoints (cbps) for the azoles and echinocandins against candida species in 2012. we aimed to report the epidemiology of candidemia and antifungal susceptibility of candida species and evaluate the impact of new cbps on antifungal susceptibility in our region. all blood isolates of candida species were obtained from 2007 to 2012. the minimum inhibitory concentrations of fluconazole, voriconazole, echinocandins and fluc ... | 2017 | 27621210 |
| population pharmacokinetics of micafungin in icu patients with sepsis and mechanical ventilation. | to identify the factors associated with the interindividual pharmacokinetic (pk) variability of micafungin and to evaluate the probability of reaching the previously determined pk/pharmacodynamic efficacy thresholds (auc/mic >5000 for non-parapsilosis candida sp. and ≥285 for candida parapsilosis) with the recommended 100 mg daily dose in icu patients with sepsis and mechanical ventilation. | 2017 | 27609051 |
| micafungin treatment and eradication of candiduria among hospitalized patients. | in high-risk patients, candiduria may be associated with the development of urinary tract infections (uti) and invasive candidiasis. the triazole antifungals achieve good urine concentrations, but their use is limited by the emergence of non-albicans candida spp. with low-triazole susceptibility. the echinocandins remain fungicidal against many azole-resistant candida spp., but low urine concentrations limit their use. we examined the rates of candiduria elimination in micafungin-treated patient ... | 2016 | 27587066 |
| candidemia in cancer patients: focus mainly on hematological malignancyand hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | although many new antifungals have become commercially available since 2000, candidemia remains an important public health issue because of its poor prognosis. some studies have suggested that early antifungal therapy is associated with decreased mortality; however, it is difficult to promptly diagnose candidemia because of the poor sensitivity of blood cultures. thus, prophylaxis against candida infection is recommended in patient groups in whom the risk of infection is high, such as allogeneic ... | 2016 | 27581780 |
| in vitro activity of anidulafungin in combination with amphotericin b or voriconazole against biofilms of five candida species. | to evaluate the in vitro activity of anidulafungin combined with amphotericin b or voriconazole against candida spp. biofilms. | 2016 | 27543657 |
| characterisation of probiotic properties in human vaginal lactobacilli strains. | vaginal lactobacilli offer protection against recurrent urinary infections, bacterial vaginosis, and vaginal candidiasis. | 2016 | 27527701 |
| [comparison of microdilution and disk diffusion methods for the detection of fluconazole and voriconazole susceptibility against clinical candida glabrata isolates and determination of changing susceptibility with new clsi breakpoints]. | candida albicans is the most frequently isolated species as the causative agent of candida infections. however, in recent years, the isolation rate of non-albicans candida species have increased. in many centers, candida glabrata is one of the commonly isolated non-albicans species of c.glabrata infections which are difficult-to-treat due to decreased susceptibility to fluconazole and cross-resistance to other azoles. the aims of this study were to determine the in vitro susceptibility profiles ... | 2016 | 27525398 |
| identification, antifungal resistance profile, in vitro biofilm formation and ultrastructural characteristics of candida species isolated from diabetic foot patients in northern india. | diabetic foot ulcers are a serious cause of diagnostic and therapeutic concern. the following study was undertaken to determine the fungal causes of diabetic foot ulcers, with their phenotypic and genotypic characterisation. | 2017 | 27514952 |
| effect of mechanical toothbrushing combined with different denture cleansers in reducing the viability of a multispecies biofilm on acrylic resins. | to investigate the efficacy of immersion and brushing with different cleansing agents in reducing the viability of multispecies biofilm on acrylic resins. | 2016 | 27505992 |
| evaluation of antifungal activity of standardized extract of salvia rhytidea benth. (lamiaceae) against various candida isolates. | salvia species have long been described in traditional medicine for various indications. owing to the widespread use of this genus by ethnic populations, especially for various infections ranging from skin disease to gastrointestinal disorders, we were encouraged to determine whether salvia rhytidea could be effective against fungal infections. given the increased incidence of candidiasis in the past decade, limits on the use of antifungal drugs, emergence of azole-resistant candida species and ... | 2016 | 27499461 |
| bortezomib inhibits bacterial and fungal β-carbonic anhydrases. | inhibition of the β-carbonic anhydrases (cas, ec 4.2.1.1) from pathogenic fungi (cryptococcus neoformans, candida albicans, candida glabrata, malassezia globosa) and bacteria (three isoforms from mycobacterium tuberculosis, rv3273, rv1284 and rv3588), as well from the insect drosophila melanogaster (dmeca) and the plant flaveria bidentis (fbica1) with the boronic acid peptidomimetic proteosome inhibitor bortezomib was investigated. bortezomib was a micromolar inhibitor of all these enzymes, with ... | 2016 | 27469982 |
| antifungal potential of eugenyl acetate against clinical isolates of candida species. | the study evaluated the efficiency of eugenyl acetate (ea), a phytochemical in clove essential oil, against clinical isolates of candida albicans, candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis, and candida glabrata. minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic) of ea against candida isolates were in the range between 0.1% and 0.4% (v/v). spot assay further confirmed the susceptibility of candida isolates to the compound upon treatment with respective 1 × mic. growth profile measured in time kill study evid ... | 2016 | 27452957 |
| antifungal susceptibilities of candida species isolated from urine culture. | candida spp. are the most common opportunistic mycosis worldwide. although candida albicans is the most common cause of urinary tract infections, the frequency of non-albicans candida species is increasing with common use of antifungal in the prophylaxis and treatment. this may lead to difficulties in treatment. antifungal tests should be applied with identification of species for effective treatment. in this study, identification of candida species isolated from urine culture and investigation ... | 2016 | 27452427 |
| isolation frequency characteristics of candida species from clinical specimens. | candida spp. is an invasive infectious fungus, a major risk factor that can increase morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. in this study, 2,508 candida spp. were isolated from various clinical specimens collected from university hospitals from july 2011 to october 2014. they were identified in order to determine isolation frequencies and characteristics by specimen, gender, age group, year, season, and month. the strain-specific isolation rate of candida spp. is in the order of candi ... | 2016 | 27433120 |
| in vitro antifungal activity of different components of centratherum anthelminticum and ocimum sanctum seed oils and their synergism against oral pathogenic fungi. | background. opportunistic fungal infections like candidiasis are common in the oral cavity. in recent years candida species have shown resistance against a number of synthetic drugs. this study assessed the antifungal activity of centratherum anthelminticum and ocimum sanctum seed oils against six common pathogenic candida strains. synergistic activity of the major oil components was also studied. methods. antifungal activity of centratherum anthelminticum and ocimum sanctum seed oils were teste ... | 2016 | 27429725 |
| current trends in candidemia and species distribution among adults: candida glabrata surpasses c. albicans in diabetic patients and abdominal sources. | candidemia rate and species distribution vary according to the type of patients, country of origin and antifungal prophylaxis use. to present current candidemia epidemiological trends. a retrospective examination of candidemia in adults (≥18 years-old) hospitalised from 2007 to 2015. cases were identified through the microbiology laboratory. candida species were distinguished based on colony morphology and vitek-2 ybc cards, (biomerieux, durham, nc, usa). patient characteristics, species distrib ... | 2016 | 27402377 |
| candidemia and invasive candidiasis in adults: a narrative review. | candidemia and invasive candidiasis are major causes of morbidity and mortality, and their incidence is increasing because of the growing complexity of patients. five species of candida (candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis and candida krusei) account for more than 90% of all diagnosed cases, but their relative frequency varies depending on the population involved, geographical region, previous anti-fungal exposure, and patient age. the best evidence regar ... | 2016 | 27394927 |
| identification of candida species and susceptibility testing with sensititre yeastone microdilution panel to 9 antifungal agents. | to determine the species incidence and susceptibility pattern to 9 antifungal agents of yeasts isolated from various clinical specimens of colonized or infected patients treated in the coronary and surgical intensive care units (icu). | 2016 | 27381534 |
| a prospective surveillance study of candidaemia: epidemiology, risk factors, antifungal treatment and outcome in hospitalized patients. | this study provide an up-to-date overview of the epidemiology and risk factors for candida bloodstream infection in scotland in 2012/2013, and the antifungal susceptibility of isolates from blood cultures from 11 national health service boards within scotland. candida isolates were identified by chromogenic agar and confirmed by maldi-tof methods. survival and associated risk factors for patients stratified as albicans and non-albicans cases were assessed. information on the spectrum of antifung ... | 2016 | 27379047 |
| inhibitory effect of alpha-mangostin on candida biofilms. | the objective of this study was to determine the inhibitory effect of alpha-mangostin on candida biofilms. candida species including candida albicans, candida krusei, candida tropicalis, and candida glabrata were tested. candida biofilms were formed in flat-bottomed 96-well microtiter plates. the metabolic activity of cells within biofilms was quantified using the xtt assay. the results demonstrated that alpha-mangostin showed a significant anti-biofilm effect on both developing biofilms and pre ... | 2017 | 27368963 |
| epidemiologic and microbiologic evaluation of nosocomial infections associated with candida spp in children: a multicenter study from istanbul, turkey. | the purpose of this study was to establish species distribution of candida isolates from pediatric patients in istanbul, turkey, and to determine risk factors associated with nosocomial candida infections. | 2016 | 27339794 |
| antihypertensive, amlodipine besilate inhibits growth and biofilm of human fungal pathogen candida. | candida albicans and candida glabrata are two important human pathogens associated with high mortality. the anti-candida potential of an antihypertensive drug, amlodipine besilate (ab), was studied against 10 strains of candida, including 8 clinical isolates. ab is an inhibitor of voltage-gated ca(2+) channel (vgcc) of mammals. cch1 expresses in a part of ca(2+) channel of candida, which is a homologue of α subunit of mammalian vgcc. in plate assays, all strains of candida showed sensitivity to ... | 2016 | 27336942 |
| comparison of species-level identification and antifungal susceptibility results from diagnostic and reference laboratories for bloodstream candida surveillance isolates, south africa, 2009-2010. | from february 2009 through august 2010, we compared species-level identification of bloodstream candida isolates and susceptibility to fluconazole, voriconazole, and caspofungin between diagnostic and reference south african laboratories during national surveillance for candidemia. diagnostic laboratories identified isolates to genus/species level and performed antifungal susceptibility testing, as indicated. at a reference laboratory, viable candida isolates were identified to species-level usi ... | 2016 | 27335055 |
| [pulmonary fungal infection after renal transplantation: analysis of 40 cases]. | to explore the clinical characteristics, therapeutic measures and risk factors of pulmonary fungal infection in patients after renal transplantation. | 2016 | 27320896 |
| candida duobushaemulonii: an emerging rare pathogenic yeast isolated from recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis in brazil. | the aim of this study was to identify candida species isolated from women diagnosed with recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (rvvc) and their partners; and to evaluate the fluconazole (flz) susceptibility of the isolates. in a period of six years, among 172 patients diagnosed with vulvovaginal candidiasis, 13 women that presented rvvc and their partners were selected for this investigation. the isolates were obtained using chromagar candida medium, the species identification was performed by phen ... | 2016 | 27304096 |
| vapour and liquid-phase artemisia annua essential oil activities against several clinical strains of candida. | candida spp. are often the cause of infection in immune-compromised individuals. they are characterized by a strong resistance to antimicrobial drugs and disinfectants. the activity of artemisia annua essential oil against candida spp. was determined by vapour contact and microdilution assay. the oil was characterized by the presence of oxygenated monoterpenes (more than 75 % of the constituents), mainly represented by the irregular monoterpene artemisia ketone (ca. 22 %), and the widespread mon ... | 2016 | 27286334 |
| antibiofilm activity of carboxymethyl chitosan on the biofilms of non-candida albicans candida species. | although most cases of candidiasis have been attributed to candida albicans, non-c. albicans candida species have been isolated in increasing numbers in patients. in this study, we determined the inhibition of carboxymethyl chitosan (cm-chitosan) on single and mixed species biofilm of non-albicans candida species, including candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis, candida krusei and candida glabrata. biofilm by all tested species in microtiter plates were inhibited nearly 70%. cm-chitosan inhib ... | 2016 | 27261732 |
| oral yeast colonization in peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis patients and renal transplant recipients. | we aimed to investigate the frequency of oral yeast colonization (oyc) and the risk factors for patients who received continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (capd) or hemodialysis (hd) or were renal transplant recipients (rtrs). the patients admitted to the nephrology clinic at ataturk university medical school from january through april 2013 were included in the study. a questionnaire about risk factors was filled out, and swab cultures were taken from the tongue surface of each participant. ... | 2016 | 27260810 |
| antifungal imidazole-decorated cationic amphiphiles with markedly low hemolytic activity. | herein we report that an imidazole-decorated cationic amphiphile derived from the pseudo-disaccharide nebramine has potent antifungal activity against strains of candida glabrata pathogens. in combination with the natural bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid tetrandrine the reported antifungal cationic amphiphile demonstrated synergistic antifungal activity against candida albicans pathogens. this unique membrane disruptor caused no detectible mammalian red blood cell hemolysis at concentrations up t ... | 2016 | 27258738 |
| isolation frequency of candida present on the surfaces of mobile phones and handsx. | it is known that mobile phones may play a role in microorganism transmission. the aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between the number of candida genera/species isolated from samples collected from the surfaces of mobile phones and the hands of the staff as well as the preferred health-related behavior. | 2016 | 27246984 |
| identification and antifungal susceptibility of candida species isolated from bloodstream infections in konya, turkey. | in this study, our aim was to identify candida species isolated from bloodstream infections and to determine their susceptibilities to various antifungal agents to demonstrate the local resistance profiles and to guide empirical treatment for clinicians. | 2016 | 27245756 |
| a substituted sulfonamide and its co (ii), cu (ii), and zn (ii) complexes as potential antifungal agents. | a sulfonamide 1-tosyl-1-h-benzo(d)imidazol-2-amine (tbza) and three new complexes of co(ii), cu(ii), and zn(ii) have been synthesized. the compounds have been characterized by elemental analyses, ftir, (1)h, and (13)c-nmr spectroscopy. the structure of the tbza, and its co(ii) and cu(ii) complexes, was determined by x-ray diffraction methods. tbza and its co(ii) complex crystallize in the triclinic p-1 space group, while the cu(ii) complex crystallizes in the monoclinic p21/c space group. antifu ... | 2016 | 27232977 |
| a thioether-stabilized d-proline-l-proline-induced β-hairpin peptide of defensin segment increases its anti-candida albicans ability. | we report a β-hairpin dual stabilizing strategy: a d-proline-l-proline (d-pro-l-pro) dipeptide as the nucleating turn, and a thioether tether as a side-chain linkage at a precisely designed position to stabilize the β-hairpin. this method was used to modify the c-terminal β-hairpin moiety of the plant defensin, pv-defensin, in order to obtain a stabilized peptide with enhanced anti-candida albicans activity (mic 84-3.0 μm), high serum stability (50 % remaining after 48 h) and low hemolysis (<10 ... | 2016 | 27194395 |
| total synthesis and in vitro bioevaluation of clavaminols a, c, h & deacetyl clavaminol h as potential chemotherapeutic and antibiofilm agents. | a highly concise and expedient total synthesis of bioactive clavaminols (1-4) has been executed using commercially available achiral compound decanol. the synthetic strategy relied on trans-wittig olefination, sharpless asymmetric epoxidation, regioselective azidolysis and in situ detosylation followed by reduction as key reactions with good overall yield. based on biological evaluation studies of all the synthesized compounds, it was observed that the clavaminol a (1) exhibited good cytotoxicit ... | 2016 | 27187861 |
| clotrimazole drug resistance in candida glabrata clinical isolates correlates with increased expression of the drug:h(+) antiporters cgaqr1, cgtpo1_1, cgtpo3, and cgqdr2. | for years, antifungal drug resistance in candida species has been associated to the expression of atp-binding cassette (abc) multidrug transporters. more recently, a few drug efflux pumps from the drug:h(+) antiporter (dha) family have also been shown to play a role in this process, although to date only the candida albicans mdr1 transporter has been demonstrated to be relevant in the clinical acquisition of antifungal drug resistance. this work provides evidence to suggest the involvement of the ... | 2016 | 27148215 |
| antimycotic activity and genotoxic evaluation of citrus sinensis and citrus latifolia essential oils. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal activity of essential oils (eos) of citrus sinensis (c. sinensis) and citrus latifolia (c. latifolia) against five candida species: candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida glabrata, candida lusitaniae and candida guilliermondii; and perform its genotoxic evaluation. the eos of c. sinensis and c. latifolia were obtained from the peel by hydro-distillation. the major components determined by gc-ms were in c. sinensis, d-limonene (96%) and ... | 2016 | 27137128 |
| photodynamic inactivation of a multispecies biofilm using curcumin and led light. | this study evaluated the potential of curcumin-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (api) on multispecies biofilms of candida albicans, candida glabrata, and streptococcus mutans of different ages. acrylic samples (n = 480) were made with standardized rough surfaces and incubated with bacteria and yeast for 24 or 48 h. api was performed with curcumin (80, 100, 120 μm) and led light. additional acrylic samples were treated with curcumin or led light only. positive control samples rece ... | 2016 | 27126412 |
| development of candida-specific real-time pcr assays for the detection and identification of eight medically important candida species. | culture-based identification methods have been the gold standard for the diagnosis of fungal infection. currently, molecular technologies such as real-time pcr assays with short turnaround time can provide desirable alternatives for the rapid detection of candida microbes. however, most of the published pcr primer sets are not candida specific and likely to amplify dna from common environmental contaminants, such as aspergillus microbes. in this study, we designed pan-candida primer sets based o ... | 2016 | 27103821 |
| study of strains of candida spp. isolated from catheters in uhc of oran (algeria): identification and antifungal susceptibility. | the increasing incidence of candida spp., and the vital prognosis often compromise for patients with candida species make urgent the exact knowledge of their distribution worldwide and exhaust action antifungals currently used in clinical. that why we carry out an epidemiological study of candida species and testing their susceptibility against two antifungals: amphotericin b and caspofungin. | 2016 | 27103075 |
| candida glabrata survives and replicates in human osteoblasts. | candida glabrata is an opportunistic pathogen that is considered the second most common cause of candidiasis after candida albicans many characteristics of its mechanisms of pathogenicity remain unknown. recent studies have focused on determining the events that underlie interactions between c. glabrata and immune cells, but the relationship between this yeast and osteoblasts has not been studied in detail. the aim of this study was to determine the mechanisms of interaction between human osteob ... | 2016 | 27073253 |
| pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic adequacy of echinocandins against candida spp. in intensive care unit patients and general patient populations. | this study evaluated whether contemporary echinocandin regimens achieved pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic targets in icu patients and general patient populations (gpps) and assessed caspofungin (cas) regimens in hepatic impairment (hi) patients. a monte carlo simulation was performed using previously published data. recommended dosing regimens of echinocandins in icu patients, gpps and healthy volunteers were evaluated: 70mg loading dose then 50mg maintenance dose (70/50mg) for cas; 100mg q24h fo ... | 2016 | 27068676 |
| [current aspects of invasive diseases caused by candida and other yeast fungi]. | invasive candidiasis is the most common invasive fungal disease causing an unacceptably high mortality. candida albicans remains the predominant origin, but an epidemiological shift has been described in the last decades. some species of candida have emerged as an important cause of severe candidaemia and can exhibit reduced susceptibility to the current antifungal agents. candida parapsilosis has been associated with candidaemia in neonates and young adults, whereas candida glabrata, candida tr ... | 2016 | 27067876 |
| candida glabrata binding to candida albicans hyphae enables its development in oropharyngeal candidiasis. | pathogenic mechanisms of candida glabrata in oral candidiasis, especially because of its inability to form hyphae, are understudied. since both candida albicans and c. glabrata are frequently co-isolated in oropharyngeal candidiasis (opc), we examined their co-adhesion in vitro and observed adhesion of c. glabrata only to c. albicans hyphae microscopically. mice were infected sublingually with c. albicans or c. glabrata individually, or with both species concurrently, to study their ability to c ... | 2016 | 27029023 |
| candida/candida biofilms. first description of dual-species candida albicans/c. rugosa biofilm. | denture liners have physical properties that favour plaque accumulation and colonization by candida species, irritating oral tissues and causing denture stomatitis. to isolate and determine the incidence of oral candida species in dental prostheses, oral swabs were collected from the dental prostheses of 66 patients. all the strains were screened for their ability to form biofilms; both monospecies and dual-species combinations were tested. candida albicans (63 %) was the most frequently isolate ... | 2016 | 27020154 |
| in vitro synergistic activity of caspofungin plus polymyxin b against fluconazole-resistant candida glabrata. | candida species account for most invasive fungal infections, and the emergence of fluconazole and caspofungin resistance is problematic. overcoming resistance with synergism between 2 drugs may be useful. in a 2013 in vitro study, caspofungin plus colistin (polymyxin e) was found to act synergistically against fluconazole-resistant and susceptible candida albicans isolates. the purpose of our study was to extend this finding by evaluating caspofungin plus polymyxin b for in vitro synergy against ... | 2016 | 26992255 |
| candida glabrata among candida spp. from environmental health practitioners of a brazilian hospital. | the incidence of the species candida albicans and non-albicans candida was evaluated in a brazilian tertiary hospital from the environment and health practitioners. in a 12-month period we had a total positivity of 19.65% of candida spp. the most recurring non-albicans candida species was c. glabrata (37.62%), generally considered a species of low virulence, but with a higher mortality rate than c. albicans. subsequently, c. parapsilosis (25.74%) and c. tropicalis (16.86%) were the second and th ... | 2017 | 26991302 |
| mixed biofilms formed by c. albicans and non-albicans species: a study of microbial interactions. | most candida infections are related to microbial biofilms often formed by the association of different species. the objective of this study was to evaluate the interactions between candida albicans and non-albicans species in biofilms formed in vitro. the non-albicans species studied were:candida tropicalis, candida glabrata and candida krusei. single and mixed biofilms (formed by clinical isolates of c. albicans and non-albicans species) were developed from standardized suspensions of each stra ... | 2016 | 26981754 |
| time to overcome fluconazole resistant candida isolates: solid lipid nanoparticles as a novel antifungal drug delivery system. | antifungal therapy results in complications in management due to changes in the patterns of epidemiology and drug susceptibility of invasive fungal infections. in this study, we prepared fluconazole-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (flz-slns) and investigated the efficacy of the optimal formulation on fluconazole (flz)-resistant strains of several candida species. flz-sln was produced using probe ultrasonication techniques. the morphology of the obtained slns was characterized by field emission ... | 2016 | 26974361 |
| production of virulence factors in candida strains isolated from patients with denture stomatitis and control individuals. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the production of virulence factors in candida isolates from the oral cavities of 50 patients with different degrees of denture stomatitis (ds, type i, ii and iii) and 50 individuals without signs of ds. we evaluated the enzymatic and hemolytic activities, the biofilm formation, and the cell surface hydrophobicity (csh) in all isolates. germ tube (gt) production was also evaluated in candida albicans and candida dubliniensis isolates. in c. albicans and c. d ... | 2016 | 26971635 |
| characteristics and risk factors for 28-day mortality of hospital acquired fungemias in icus: data from the eurobact study. | to characterize and identify prognostic factors for 28-day mortality among patients with hospital-acquired fungemia (haf) in the intensive care unit (icu). | 2016 | 26956367 |
| evaluation of the treatment of candiduria at an academic medical center. | to evaluate the epidemiology, management, and outcomes associated with candiduria in intensive care unit (icu) and medical ward (mw) patients. this was a retrospective cohort study conducted in a tertiary care academic medical center. adult patients aged between 18 and 75 years who were admitted for at least 5 days with a urinary culture that grew a candida species between july 2010 and june 2011 were included. medical records were retrospectively reviewed. laboratory data, urinary symptoms, ris ... | 2017 | 26938759 |
| a common mechanism involving the torc1 pathway can lead to amphotericin b-persistence in biofilm and planktonic saccharomyces cerevisiae populations. | fungal infections are an increasing clinical problem. decreased treatment effectiveness is associated with biofilm formation and drug recalcitrance is thought to be biofilm specific. however, no systematic investigations have tested whether resistance mechanisms are shared between biofilm and planktonic populations. we performed multiplexed barcode sequencing (bar-seq) screening of a pooled collection of gene-deletion mutants cultivated as biofilm and planktonic cells. screening for resistance t ... | 2016 | 26903175 |
| frequency of candida albicans in patients with funguria. | to determine the frequency of candida albicansin patients with funguria. | 2016 | 26876397 |
| diversity and antifungal susceptibility of norwegian candida glabrata clinical isolates. | increasing numbers of immunocompromised patients have resulted in greater incidence of invasive fungal infections with high mortality. candida albicans infections dominate, but during the last decade, candida glabrata has become the second highest cause of candidemia in the united states and northern europe. reliable and early diagnosis, together with appropriate choice of antifungal treatment, is needed to combat these challenging infections. | 2016 | 26861194 |
| in vitro pharmacodynamic modelling of anidulafungin against candida spp. | the aim of this study was to fit anidulafungin in vitro static time-kill data from nine strains of candida with a pharmacodynamic (pd) model in order to describe the antifungal activity of this drug against candida spp. time-kill data from strains of candida albicans, candida glabrata and candida parapsilosis clades were best fit using an adapted sigmoidal emax model and resulted in a set of pd parameters (emax, ec50 and hill factor) for each fungal strain. the data were analysed with nonmem 7. ... | 2016 | 26857078 |
| synthesis and biological evaluation of new 1,3-thiazolidine-4-one derivatives of nitro-l-arginine methyl ester. | l-arginine is a semi-essential aminoacid with important role in regulation of physiological processes in humans. it serves as precursor for the synthesis of proteins and is also substrate for different enzymes such as nitric oxide synthase. this amino-acid act as free radical scavenger, inhibits the activity of pro-oxidant enzymes and thus acts as an antioxidant and has also bactericidal effect against a broad spectrum of bacteria. | 2016 | 26855668 |
| in vitro interactions between anidulafungin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on biofilms of candida spp. | candida spp. are responsible for many biomaterial-related infections; they give rise to infective pathologies typically associated with biofilm formation. we recently reported that the echinocandin anidulafungin (anf) showed a strong in vitro activity against both planktonic and biofilms cells. herein, we report the antifungal activities of anf alone and in association with some non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) against nine candida strain biofilms: four candida albicans, two candid ... | 2016 | 26833243 |
| current trends in outwitting resistance development in candida infections through photodynamic and short peptide therapies: a strategic-shift from conventional antifungal agents. | disequilibrium in the human debilitated immune system favors proliferation of invasive candida species, a major therapeutic challenge due to development of resistance to several conventional antifungal agents (caa) worldwide. multiple mutations observed at specific loci that are targets for caa are recognized as sources of drug resistance. this has prompted a shift from caa, to diverse combination therapies, photodynamic and short peptide therapies capable of triggering specific apoptotic reacti ... | 2016 | 26822688 |
| [yeast urinary tract infections. multicentre study in 14 hospitals belonging to the buenos aires city mycology network]. | urinary tract infections are a frequent ailment in patients in intensive care units. candida and other yeasts cause 5-12% of these infections. the value of the finding of any yeast is controversial, and there is no consensus about which parameters are adequate for differentiating urinary infections from colonization or contamination. | 2016 | 26810887 |
| influence of candida krusei and candida glabrata on candida albicans gene expression in in vitro biofilms. | the present study aimed to evaluate the interactions between the species candida albicans, candida krusei and candida glabrata in monotypic and mixed biofilm models formed in vitro as well as the relative expression of the als1, als3, hwp1, bcr1, efg1, tec1, sap5, plb2 and lip9 genes. | 2016 | 26803674 |
| activity of tyrosol against single and mixed-species oral biofilms. | this study aimed to evaluate the effect of tyrosol on the formation of single and mixed biofilms of candida albicans atcc 10231, candida glabrata atcc 90030 and streptococcus mutans atcc 25175 formed on acrylic resin (ar) and hydroxyapatite (ha) surfaces. | 2016 | 26801208 |
| prospective evaluation of the chromogenic medium candiselect 4 for differentiation and presumptive identification of non-candida albicans candida species. | rapid identification of pathogenic yeasts is a crucial step in timely and appropriate antifungal therapy. for diagnostics in the clinical laboratory, simplified alternatives to barcoding are needed. candiselect 4 (cs4) medium, a chromogenic medium for isolation of clinical yeasts, allows routine recognition of candida albicans and presumptive identification of candida tropicalis, candida glabrata, and candida krusei. we evaluated an extension of this method with 46 non-candida albicans candida ( ... | 2016 | 26781374 |
| [aetiology of candidiasis in paediatric patients: comparative analysis with adult patients]. | candida spp. represents a group of commensal yeasts that can act as pathogens and cause candidiasis in different anatomical locations. | 2016 | 26774594 |