| [outbreak of histoplasmosis in province of neuquén, patagonia argentina]. | in argentina, there are no reports of autochthonous cases of histoplasmosis in the southern regions of the country. | 2016 | 23402833 |
| [histoplasmosis - an unusual african souvenir]. | a 24-year-old woman (student of biology) was part of a study group in uganda. she developed fever and headache, which was empirically treated as malaria. after she had returned to switzerland, a chest x-ray showed bilateral miliary nodular infiltrates. in assumption of an atypical pneumonia, she was treated with levofloxacin, although without success. on admission, she was in a bad general condition and was markedly dyspneic. rales were heard over both lungs. | 2013 | 23393000 |
| histoplasma capsulatum infection in refractory crohn's disease of the pouch on anti-tnf biological therapy. | | 2013 | 23381081 |
| application of nested pcr for diagnosis of histoplasmosis. | histoplasmosis is a fungal infection that, although not endemic in japan, has seen a rise in the number of japanese cases since the mid-1980s. diagnosis of the disease is not straightforward, and the main method of detection, fungal culture (which has biosafety-related issues), is of low sensitivity in general. alternative methods that depend on antibody or antigen detection have had limited use. we have developed a histoplasmosis detection method based on pcr amplification of the histoplasma ca ... | 2013 | 23345048 |
| galleria mellonella as a model host to study paracoccidioides lutzii and histoplasma capsulatum. | non-mammalian models have been used to investigate fungal virulence. in this work we have explored the use of galleria mellonella as an infection model for the pathogenic dimorphic fungi histoplasma capsulatum and paracoccidioides lutzii. in mammalian models these fungi cause similar infections, and disease outcomes are influenced by the quantity of the infective inocula. we describe a similar aspect in a g. mellonella model and characterize the pathogenesis features in this system. infection wi ... | 2013 | 23302787 |
| adrenal involvement in histoplasmosis. | histoplasmosis infection is endemic in asia and disseminated histoplasmosis (dh) is one form of its presentation (benevides et al., 2007[1]). dh commonly affects both adrenal glands. we describe a case of disseminated histoplasmosis complicated with hypercalcaemia in a 75-year-old immunosuppressed patient who presented with bilateral adrenal masses. the fine needle aspiration cytology of the adrenal mass was positive for histoplasma capsulatum. | 2013 | 27047312 |
| a case of disseminated histoplasmosis detected in peripheral blood smear staining revealing aids at terminal phase in a female patient from cameroon. | histoplasmosis is endemic in the american continent and also in sub-saharan africa, coexisting with the african histoplasmosis. immunosuppressed patients, especially those with advanced hiv infection develop a severe disseminated histoplasmosis with fatal prognosis. the definitive diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis is based on the detection of histoplasma capsulatum from patient' tissues samples or body fluids. among the diagnostic tests peripheral blood smear staining is not commonly used ... | 2012 | 23251167 |
| fungal infection of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt: histoplasmosis diagnosis and treatment. | histoplasmosis is a fungal disease caused by histoplasma capsulatum, commonly found in the americas, and histoplasma duboisii, located in africa. in the united states, h. capsulatum is prevalent in the ohio and mississippi river valleys. in rare circumstances, central nervous system (cns) histoplasmosis infection can be caused by shunt placement. we present a case report of a 45-year-old woman in whom cns histoplasmosis developed after having a ventriculoperitoneal (vp) shunt placed for communic ... | 2016 | 23247021 |
| occam's razor or hickam's dictum? | sarcoidosis is a multisystemic, inflammatory disorder characterized by non-necrotizing granulomas that can infiltrate almost any organ but involves the lungs most commonly. the exact pathogenesis of sarcoidosis remains unclear. histoplasmosis is an infection caused by histoplasma capsulatum that also predominantly affects the lungs and is characterized usually by necrotizing granulomas. the similar clinical features of sarcoidosis and histoplasmosis often make it difficult to distinguish these 2 ... | 2012 | 23207465 |
| safety issues in vasculitis: infections and immunizations in the immunosuppressed host. | infectious diseases are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in immunosuppressed patients, including those with connective tissue diseases. both disease and treatment contribute to a predisposition to infection in immunocompromised patients. significant infection and morbidity occur in 25% to 50% of these patients with a median mortality of 5.2% due to common bacterial infections, such as pneumonia or bacteremia, and opportunistic fungal infections such as pneumocystis. the lungs, skin ... | 2012 | 23203645 |
| genitourinary histoplasmosis in post-renal transplant patient: diagnostic dilemma. | genitourinary histoplasmosis is very rare and to our knowledge only four cases of epididymal histoplasmosis and nine cases of prostatic histoplasmosis have been reported in literature. we hereby report a case of a middle-aged male, who presented three years after renal transplant, with complaints of fever, pain, and swelling in the scrotum. imaging disclosed an enlarged right epididymis with prostatic and retrotrigonal abscess, suggesting tuberculosis infection. however, histopathology of the ep ... | 2012 | 23204674 |
| hypercalcemia in histoplasmosis aggravated with antifungal treatment. | hypercalcemia is a known, but rare complication of histoplasmosis, a granulomatous disease. we present a case of chronic disseminated histoplasmosis, complicated by hypercalcemia, transiently worsening after initiation of antifungal treatment. | 2012 | 23198458 |
| the 3-hydroxy-methylglutaryl coenzyme a lyase hcl1 is required for macrophage colonization by human fungal pathogen histoplasma capsulatum. | histoplasma capsulatum is a fungal respiratory pathogen that survives and replicates within the phagolysosome of macrophages. the molecular factors it utilizes to subvert macrophage antimicrobial defenses are largely unknown. although the ability of h. capsulatum to prevent acidification of the macrophage phagolysosome is thought to be critical for intracellular survival, this hypothesis has not been tested since h. capsulatum mutants that experience decreased phagosomal ph have not been identif ... | 2013 | 23184522 |
| histoplasma capsulatum preferentially induces ido in the lung. | indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (ido) plays an important role in immunoregulation as it is involved in downregulating immune responses to infections. we sought to characterize ido activity in histoplasmosis and to do so, c57bl6 mice were infected intranasally with histoplasma capsulatum. after infection, lung and spleen ido activity was assessed by hplc and ido expression by qrt-pcr. the distribution of ido was determined by immunohistochemical staining. cytokine levels were measured in lung and spl ... | 2013 | 23181600 |
| acute histoplasmosis in three mexican sewer workers. | we report the detection of high-titre anti-histoplasma capsulatum igm in the serum of three young adult males occupationally exposed to bat guano. multidrug treatment with trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole was started, followed by ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin, metamizole sodium, rifampicin/isoniazid/pyrazinamide, moxifloxacin and lastly amphotericin b and ceftriaxone. despite treatment the condition of one patient deteriorated, and he died 23 days after exposure. the other two patients recovered a ... | 2013 | 23144120 |
| [progressive malaise and joint pain after travel to costa rica]. | we report on a 57-year-old patient presenting with progressive malaise, joint pain and skin rashes one month after visiting costa rica. after exclusion of common tropical diseases empiric antibiotic therapy was initiated, however, the patient's symptoms did not improve. | 2012 | 23093397 |
| multilocus sequence typing of histoplasma capsulatum in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from cats living in non-endemic regions reveals a new phylogenetic clade. | infections caused by histoplasma capsulatum are found most often in endemic regions of north, central, and south america. h. capsulatum has been divided into eight geographic clades by multi-locus sequence typing (mlst). recently, one isolate and five formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (ffpe) tissue samples were received from six of 15 suspected cases of histoplasmosis in cats residing in areas not known to be endemic for h. capsulatum. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplification and sequence an ... | 2013 | 23072593 |
| skin lesions in histoplasmosis. | histoplasmosis is a granulomatous infection caused by histoplasma capsulatum, a dimorphic fungus. it is distributed worldwide and prevalent in certain regions of north and central america. pulmonary involvement is the most common clinical presentation. cutaneous manifestations are reported to occur in 10% to 25% of aids patients with disseminated histoplasmosis. the skin lesions are polymorphic papules, plaques with or without crusts, pustules, nodules, mucosal ulcers, erosions, punched out ulce ... | 2012 | 23068146 |
| progressive disseminated histoplasmosis in systemic lupus erythematosus-an unusual presentation of acute tenosynovitis and a literature review. | progressive disseminated histoplasmosis is a disease where histoplasma capsulatum affects multiple organs due to the inability of host cellular immunity to control the infection. progressive disseminated histoplasmosis mainly involves the bone marrow, liver, and lungs. we report an unusual initial presentation of progressive disseminated histoplasmosis presenting as acute tenosynovitis in a systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) patient. this report highlights the point that h. capsulatum may presen ... | 2013 | 23065146 |
| detection and characterization of histoplasma capsulatum in a german badger (meles meles) by its sequencing and multilocus sequencing analysis. | a wild badger (meles meles) with a severe nodular dermatitis was presented for post mortem examination. numerous cutaneous granulomas with superficial ulceration were present especially on head, dorsum, and forearms were found at necropsy. histopathological examination of the skin revealed a severe granulomatous dermatitis with abundant intralesional round to spherical yeast-like cells, 2-5 μm in diameter, altogether consistent with the clinical appearance of histoplasmosis farciminosi. the stru ... | 2013 | 23035880 |
| [leprosy-like cutaneous presentation of histoplasma capsulatum infection in an african hiv+ patient]. | histoplasma capsulatum is an opportunistic dimorphic fungus responsible for most often self-limiting or flu-like infections but potentially lethal in immunocompromised hosts. histoplasmosis is rare in europe. we reported a case of disseminated histoplasmosis in an african hiv patient with a leprosy-like primary cutaneous presentation and involvement of lungs, brain, limphnodes and eye. the therapy with liposomial b amphotericin and itraconazole led to a prompt resolution of the symptoms. | 2012 | 22992563 |
| [histoplasmosis: case report from gabon]. | the purpose of this report is to describe the first case of infection with histoplasma capsulatum variety duboisii in gabon, in a patient with hiv infection. | 2016 | 22868733 |
| an unusual cause for rings in the brain. | we report the case of a 35-year-old man from north india who presented with generalised tonic-clonic seizures and was found to have ring-enhancing brain lesions. he had a coincident adrenal mass lesion. cultures from both regions grew histoplasma capsulatum. he improved on treatment with itraconazole. this case is being reported since cerebral ring-enhancing lesions are rarely associated with histoplasmosis, and coincident adrenal involvement is also a rarity in an immunocompetent individual. | 2012 | 22865183 |
| applying a real-time pcr assay for histoplasma capsulatum to clinically relevant formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human tissue. | a real-time pcr assay to detect histoplasma capsulatum in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (ffpe) tissue is described. the assay had an analytical sensitivity of 6 pg/μl of fungal dna, analytical specificity of 100%, and clinical sensitivity of 88.9%. this proof-of-concept study may aid in the diagnosis of histoplasmosis from ffpe tissue. | 2012 | 22855519 |
| a case of oral ulceration and disseminated histoplasmosis in hiv infection. | a 51-year-old malawian woman presented with persistent mouth ulceration and an eight-month history of non-specific respiratory symptoms. histoplasma capsulatum was diagnosed on gum, gastric and lymph node biopsies. identification of h. capsulatum prompted hiv testing and the patient tested positive with a cd4 count of 40 cells/mm(3). the diagnosis of histoplasmosis was delayed due to its unusual presentation. | 2012 | 22844011 |
| adhesion of histoplasma capsulatum to pneumocytes and biofilm formation on an abiotic surface. | the pathogenic fungus, histoplasma capsulatum, causes the respiratory and systemic disease 'histoplasmosis'. this disease is primarily acquired via inhalation of aerosolized microconidia or hyphal fragments of h. capsulatum. evolution of this respiratory disease depends on the ability of h. capsulatum yeasts to survive and replicate within alveolar macrophages. it is known that adhesion to host cells is the first step in colonization and biofilm formation. some microorganisms become attached to ... | 2012 | 22784100 |
| unusual presentations of disseminated histoplasmosis. | histoplasmosis is considered to be the most prevalent endemic mycosis in united states that can present as a disseminated infection. the initial presentation of disseminated histoplasmosis (dh) can be atypical. we report three cases with such atypical presentation. our first patient presented with bowel perforation, the second with left-sided pleural effusion and the third with submandibular abscess. blood cultures as well as biopsy of perforation site, culture of pleural fluid and submandibular ... | 2012 | 22715652 |
| histoplasmosis in hiv-positive patients in ceará, brazil: clinical-laboratory aspects and in vitro antifungal susceptibility of histoplasma capsulatum isolates. | this study contains a descriptive analysis of histoplasmosis in aids patients between 2006 and 2010 in the state of ceará, brazil. additionally, the in vitro susceptibility of histoplasma capsulatum isolates obtained during this period was assessed. we report 208 cases of patients with histoplasmosis and aids, describing the epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and therapeutic aspects. the in vitro antifungal susceptibility test was carried out by the microdilution method, according to clinical ... | 2012 | 22703696 |
| outbreak of pulmonary histoplasmosis involving a group of four polish travellers returning from ecuador. | exploring caves is, without doubt, a very exciting adventure; however, it carries some dangers. three of four travellers were admitted to hospital with lung changes after returning from ecuador, successively. epidemiological studies revealed that the travellers visited caves infested by bats, and had contact with bats' guano. they gave a history of fever, fatigue, myalgia, dry cough, and chest pain during the stay or just after returning from ecuador. in two patients, symptoms persisted in mild ... | 2012 | 22669814 |
| endovascular infections caused by histoplasma capsulatum: a case series and review of the literature. | endovascular infection is an uncommon but devastating manifestation of histoplasmosis, which is often diagnosed late in disease. | 2012 | 22646271 |
| clinical evaluation of urine histoplasma capsulatum antigen measurement in cats with suspected disseminated histoplasmosis. | diagnosis of histoplasma capsulatum infection in cats traditionally relies upon identification of organisms in circulating monocytes or in tissue specimens from affected organs. in this retrospective study, results of a urine antigen assay were compared with standard diagnostic methods in cats with clinical signs suggestive of histoplasmosis. antigenuria was detected in 17/18 cats with a histopathologic or cytopathologic diagnosis of histoplasmosis. this preliminary evaluation of the histoplasma ... | 2012 | 22628269 |
| disseminated histoplasma and cmv infection presenting as subacute intestinal obstruction in an immunocompromised patient. | histoplasma in patients with impaired cellular immunity can disseminate to various organs and is known as progressive disseminated histoplasmosis. similarly cytomegalovirus (cmv) is the most common opportunistic pathogen in an immunocompromised host. the authors report an older male with symptoms and radiological evidence of subacute intestinal obstruction. the patient had concerns for compromised immune system as he was on chronic prednisone and methotrexate therapy. follow-up colonoscopy revea ... | 2012 | 22605846 |
| histoplasma capsulatum in cayenne, french guiana. | we carried out a soil sampling survey in september 2008 in central cayenne, french guiana, using molecular methods to assess the presence of the dimorphic fungus histoplasma capsulatum. four of the 31 samples collected (12.9 %) tested positive by pcr, with confirmation of the result by dna sequencing. h. capsulatum is therefore present in urban environments in french guiana. these results provide additional support for the primary prophylaxis of aids-related histoplasmosis in french guiana. | 2012 | 22565488 |
| development of leprosy in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis during treatment with etanercept: a case report. | rheumatoid arthritis (ra) is a chronic, systemic inflammatory disorder. there is a clear association between some disease-modifying drugs used to treat ra and infection. the introduction of the anti-tumor necrosis factor (tnf) therapies has improved the outcome of severe ra. the tnf-antagonism may increase susceptibility to granulomatous pathogens such as mycobacterium tuberculosis, listeria monocytogenes, and histoplasma capsulatum. | 2012 | 22542278 |
| carbohydrate-rich high-molecular-mass antigens are strongly recognized during experimental histoplasma capsulatum infection. | during histoplasmosis, histoplasma capsulatum soluble antigens (cfag) can be naturally released by yeast cells. because cfag can be specifically targeted during infection, in the present study we investigated cfag release in experimental murine histoplasmosis, and evaluated the host humoral immune response against high-molecular-mass antigens (hmmag. >150 kda), the more immunogenic cfag fraction. | 2012 | 22534998 |
| cytologic diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis in the wall of the urinary bladder of a cat. | a 10 yr old domestic longhair presented with a 2.5 mo history of recurrent hematuria. abdominal ultrasound examination demonstrated a thickened urinary bladder, abdominal lymphadenopathy, and a thickened and rounded spleen. cytologic examination of fine-needle aspirate samples revealed histoplasma capsulatum organisms in the urinary bladder wall and spleen. the cat was treated with itraconazole (10 mg/kg per os q 24 hr for 2.5 wk). the cat was euthanized after 19 days of treatment because of lac ... | 2013 | 22474050 |
| 5-lipoxygenase deficiency impairs innate and adaptive immune responses during fungal infection. | 5-lipoxygenase-derived products have been implicated in both the inhibition and promotion of chronic infection. here, we sought to investigate the roles of endogenous 5-lipoxygenase products and exogenous leukotrienes during histoplasma capsulatum infection in vivo and in vitro. 5-lo deficiency led to increased lung cfu, decreased nitric oxide production and a deficient primary immune response during active fungal infection. moreover, h. capsulatum-infected 5-lo(-/-) mice showed an intense influ ... | 2012 | 22448213 |
| antibody therapy for histoplasmosis. | the endemic human pathogenic fungus histoplasma capsulatum is a major fungal pathogen with a broad variety of clinical presentations, ranging from mild, focal pulmonary disease to life-threatening systemic infections. although azoles, such as itraconazole and voriconazole, and amphotericin b have significant activity against h. capsulatum, about 1 in 10 patients hospitalized due to histoplasmosis die. hence, new approaches for managing disease are being sought. over the past 10 years, studies ha ... | 2012 | 22347215 |
| invasive models of histoplasmosis. | histoplasmosis results from infection with the fungal organism histoplasma capsulatum. most histoplasma research today uses models based on primary pulmonary infection. following inhalation, conidia are rapidly ingested and intracellularly convert to the yeast form. after initial pulmonary infection, organisms are carried throughout the body giving rise to disseminated infection. three murine infection models have been developed which mimic human disease. these comprise models of primary infecti ... | 2012 | 22328400 |
| rnai-based gene silencing using a gfp sentinel system in histoplasma capsulatum. | rna interference (rnai) has revolutionized reverse genetics in eukaryotic organisms, particularly those in which homologous recombination is inefficient or impractical. the ability to deplete or knock-down a targeted gene product without requiring genetic disruption provides a rapid means of analyzing mutant phenotypes and defining gene functions. in histoplasma capsulatum, in vivo-produced rna stem-loop molecules are effective in triggering rnai of the targeted gene and the rnai effect is both ... | 2012 | 22328373 |
| oral histoplasmosis masquerading as oral cancer in hiv-infected patient: a case report. | histoplasmosis is an endemic mycoses caused by histoplasma capsulatum with endemicity around midwestern united states and central america. the endemicity of histoplasmosis in india is not clearly known. histoplasmosis, especially oral histoplasmosis, is now increasingly being reported from india. we report here a culture-confirmed and sequence confirmed, oral histoplasmosis in a hiv seropositive individual who was referred to our regional cancer centre with a suspicion of oral cancer. | 2012 | 24371747 |
| an instructive case of cns histoplasmosis in an immunocompetent host. | histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic endemic fungus which infects both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. isolated cns histoplasmosis is a rare presentation with increased risk in individuals with impaired cellular immunity, however not all patients with this condition are immunocompromised. we report a case of isolated cns histoplasmosis in an otherwise healthy immunocompetent patient who was initially treated with liposomal amphotericin b followed by oral voriconazole and later itra ... | 2012 | 24371742 |
| probable primary cutaneous histoplasmosis in a patient infected with hiv. | histoplasmosis is a fungal infection caused by a dimorphic fungus, histoplasma capsulatum. most infections occur after inhalation of fungal spores. a wide variety of clinical manifestations can occur depending on the host response and the extent of inoculation. we report a case of probable cutaneous histoplasmosis after trauma in a 26-year-old man from paraguay who was also infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. diagnosis was based on histological and mycological examination. no systemi ... | 2011 | 24451565 |
| [disseminated histoplasmosis caused by histoplasma capsulatum in a renal transplant patient: first case report in the reunion island]. | the purpose of this report is to describe the first case of indigenous disseminated histoplasmosis caused by histoplasma capsulatum in a patient on immunosuppression 22 months after renal transplantation in the reunion island. involvement was predominantly pulmonary and outcome was rapidly fatal. diagnosis based on isolation of characteristic intramacrophagic histoplasma capsulatum yeast cells from bronchoalveolar fluid was delayed since indigenous cases of this opportunistic infection were unpr ... | 2010 | 22368941 |
| [outbreaks of occupational acquired histoplasmosis in la habana province]. | histoplasmosis, an infection caused by histoplasma capsulatum fungus, is considered as one of the main endemic infections in the american continent where there are frequent epidemic outbreaks. most of the outbreaks have been associated to risky activities in bat-inhabited places. this paper presented two outbreaks of occupational acquired histoplasmosis occurred in la habana province. | 2013 | 23431640 |
| invasive fungal infections in canada from 1992 to 1994. | to describe the frequency, characteristics and impact of invasive fungal infection in canada. | 1998 | 22346553 |
| chronic progressive disseminated mucocutaneous histoplasmosis. | an unusual case of histoplasma capsulatum infection with cutaneous nodules, a feature of african histoplasmosis and granulomatous lesions, a manifestation of classical histoplasmosis is being reported. | 2017 | 28176687 |
| evaluation of the action of nystatin on histoplasma capsulatum in vitro and in hamsters and mice. | | 1956 | 24543868 |
| therapeutic effect of nystatin (fungicidin) in mice experimentally infected with histoplasma capsulatum. | | 1954 | 24543014 |
| amplification of blood smear dna to confirm disseminated histoplasmosis. | the prevalence of the histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum (hcc) histoplasmosis may be underestimated west africa, both because the diagnosis is not mentioned in the early stages of the disease and due to limited biological resources available. | 2017 | 28214953 |
| unmasking histoplasmosis immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in a patient recently started on antiretroviral therapy. | histoplasmosis is the most common endemic mycoses among hiv-infected people. patients with suppressed cell immunity mainly due to hiv are at increased risk of disseminated disease. dermatological manifestations of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (iris) and cutaneous manifestations of histoplasmosis similar to an iris event have been previously described. we report the case of a 43-year-old male who presented with cutaneous disseminated histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum var ... | 2017 | 28210571 |
| [clustered cases of histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum in martinique: case reports and environmental investigation]. | between the 24th of june and the 6th of july 2005, nine men came to fort-de-france emergency department (martinique, french west indies) with more or less pronounced pulmonary symptoms associated in two cases with skin lesions. three weeks before these nine men performed work in a deserted house. the diagnosis of histoplasmosis was based on pulmonary sample mycological analysis (direct examination and culture), molecular biology and serological tests. interrogatory and environmental investigatio ... | 2016 | 27727098 |
| histoplasma capsulatum infection with extensive lytic bone lesions mimicking lch. | multiple lytic bone lesions in a child can be a manifestation of various diseases like langerhans cell histiocytosis, metastatic neuroblastoma, leukemia, hyperparathyroidism, multifocal osteomyelitis and histoplasmosis. disseminated histoplasmosis caused by histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii is well known to present with multiple osteolytic lesions in immunocompromised adults and is mostly restricted to the african subcontinent. histoplasmosis seen in american and asian countries is caused by ... | 2016 | 27329388 |
| antiretroviral drugs saquinavir and ritonavir reduce inhibitory concentration values of itraconazole against histoplasma capsulatum strains in vitro. | recent studies have shown that some drugs that are not routinely used to treat fungal infections have antifungal activity, such as protease inhibitor antiretroviral drugs. this study investigated the in vitro susceptibility of histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum to saquinavir and ritonavir, and its combination with the antifungal itraconazole. the susceptibility assay was performed according to clinical and laboratory standards institute guidelines. all strains were inhibited by the protease ... | 2016 | 26748233 |
| histoplasmosis infections worldwide: thinking outside of the ohio river valley. | in the united states, histoplasmosis is generally thought to occur mainly in the ohio and mississippi river valleys, and the classic map of histoplasmosis distribution reflecting this is second nature to many u.s. physicians. with the advent of the hiv pandemic reports of patients with progressive disseminated histoplasmosis and aids came from regions of known endemicity, as well as from regions not thought to be endemic for histoplasmosis throughout the world. in addition, our expanding armamen ... | 2015 | 26279969 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis partially mimicking a dermatomyositis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis. | histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus endemic to america and subtropical regions. several cases of this opportunist mycosis have been reported in immunocompromised patients. we report the case of a patient treated with methotrexate and corticosteroid therapy for rheumatoid arthritis and who presented with disseminated histoplasmosis that partially mimicked a dermatomyositis. | 2015 | 26197989 |
| primary cutaneous histoplasmosis developed in the penis of an immunocompetent patient. | a 70-year-old male presenting a 3-month history of genital painless erythematous nodules in the balanopreputial sulcus was referred to our service. histopathological exam presented a chronic dermatitis with epithelioid granulomas and grocott staining revealed numerous fungal structures with a suggestive morphology of histoplasma sp. cultures evidenced histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum. treatment with oral itraconazole led to complete remission of lesions. | 2015 | 25831000 |
| fluorescent in situ hybridization of pre-incubated blood culture material for the rapid diagnosis of histoplasmosis. | fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) has been shown to be useful for the detection of candida and cryptococcus species in blood culture materials. fish procedures for the detection of histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum have not been reported so far. this study describes the development and evaluation of fluorescently labeled rrna-targeting fish probes to detect and identify h. capsulatum in blood cultures. all three analyzed h. capsulatum reference strains and clinical isolates showed p ... | 2015 | 25537280 |
| a complementary tool for management of disseminated histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum infections in aids patients. | in south america, disseminated histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum (h. capsulatum), is a severe and frequent opportunistic infection in aids patients. in areas outside the usa where specific-histoplasma antigen detection is not available, the diagnosis is difficult. with the galactomannan antigen (gm) detection, a test commonly used for invasive aspergillosis diagnosis, there is a cross-reactivity with h. capsulatum that can be helpful for the diagnosis of histoplasmosis ... | 2014 | 25201327 |
| a case of orbital histoplasmosis. | histoplasma capsulatum var capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus endemic to the ohio and mississippi river valleys of the united states. in this case report, a 33-year-old woman who presented with a right orbital mass causing progressive vision loss, diplopia, and facial swelling is described. lateral orbitotomy with lateral orbital wall bone flap was performed for excisional biopsy of the lesion. the 1.5 × 1.8 × 2.3 cm cicatricial mass demonstrated a granulomatous lesion with necrosis and positive s ... | 2017 | 25186215 |
| hiv-associated histoplasmosis early mortality and incidence trends: from neglect to priority. | histoplasmosis is an endemic fungal infection in french guiana. it is the most common aids-defining illness and the leading cause of aids-related deaths. diagnosis is difficult, but in the past 2 decades, it has improved in this french overseas territory which offers an interesting model of amazonian pathogen ecology. the objectives of the present study were to describe the temporal trends of incidence and mortality indicators for hiv-associated histoplasmosis in french guiana. | 2014 | 25144374 |
| [american histoplasmosis: clinicopathological features in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. a report of two cases of infection by histoplasma capsulatum on reunion island]. | histoplasmosis is a fungal infection caused by histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum. it shows pulmonary or multivisceral involvement. infective spores are inhaled from soils that contain bat or bird guano. the clinical picture depends on the intensity of the exposure and the immune status of the host. | 2014 | 24878163 |
| in vitro inhibitory effect of miltefosine against strains of histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum and sporothrix spp. | miltefosine (mil), originally developed for use in cancer chemotherapy, has been shown to have important antifungal activity against several pathogenic fungi. our aim in this study was to determine the in vitro activity of mil against the dimorphic fungi histoplasma capsulatum and sporothrix spp. this was done using the broth microdilution method. mil had an in vitro inhibitory effect against all strains of h. capsulatum var. capsulatum and sporothrix spp. analyzed. the minimal inhibitory concen ... | 2014 | 24662247 |
| [aspergillus galactomannan assay for the management of histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii in hiv-infected patients: education from a clinical case]. | the diagnosis of histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum var capsulatum is based on a direct examination identifying encapsulated yeast with narrow-based budding. galactomannan antigenemia facilitates diagnosis, as well as the monitoring of patients receiving treatment. the case of a hiv-positive patient from congo-brazzaville with a disseminated form of african histoplasmosis highlighted the positive galactomannan antigen in this disease due to histoplasma capsulatum var duboisii. galactom ... | 2014 | 24636196 |
| synthesis and antifungal activity in vitro of isoniazid derivatives against histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum. | histoplasmosis is a severe infection that affects millions of patients worldwide and is endemic in the americas. amphotericin b (amb) and itraconazole are highly effective for the treatment of severe and milder forms of the disease, but amb is toxic, and the bioavailability of itraconazole is erratic. therefore, it is important to investigate new classes of drugs for histoplasmosis treatment. in this study, a series of nine isoniazid hydrazone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their ... | 2014 | 24514090 |
| [histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum darling]. | | 2013 | 23877779 |
| a case of histoplasma capsulatum endophthalmitis diagnosed in italy. | histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus endemic in the eastern united states and most countries of latin america. sporadic cases of histoplasmosis have been reported in europe, mainly in immigrants or people returning from highly endemic areas. we report a case of 64-year-old italian man with endophthalmitis, an unusual presentation of h. capsulatum infection. the patient shows redness, blurred vision, localized pain in the right eye. h. capsulatum was cultured from a vitreo ... | 2013 | 22999789 |
| evaluation of the genetic diversity of histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum isolates from north-eastern brazil. | since the beginning of the hiv epidemic, there has been a significant increase in the number of histoplasmosis cases in ceará, a state in north-east brazil. the lack of epidemiological data on the genotypes circulating in the north-east region shows the importance of more detailed studies on the molecular epidemiology of histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum in this region. different molecular techniques have been used to better characterize the genetic profile of h. capsulatum var. capsulatum ... | 2012 | 22977075 |
| disseminated cutaneous histoplasmosis in an immunocompetent adult. | histoplasmosis, a systemic mycosis caused by the dimorphic fungus histoplasma capsulatum var capsulatum and histoplasma capsulatum var duboisii is endemic to many parts of the world. the clinical manifestations range from acute or chronic pulmonary infection to a progressive disseminated disease. after initial exposure to the fungus, the infection is self-limited and restricted to the lungs in 99% of healthy individuals. the remaining 1%, however, progress to either disseminated or chronic disea ... | 2012 | 22707773 |
| seven imported histoplasmosis cases due to histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum: from few weeks to more than three decades asymptomatic period. | histoplasma capsulatum is a nonendemic fungus in europe. epidemiological, clinical biological features and follow-up of seven imported cases in france were reported. these cases underlined the difficulties of such diagnosis in nonendemic areas due to greatly variable asymptomatic period, and lack of specific clinical signs. thus, anamnesis should be carefully analysed; mucocutaneous signs and immunosuppression should be systematically investigated. biological diagnosis requires multiple sites sa ... | 2011 | 24451498 |
| [multifocal histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii in a 22 year-old senegalese patient without proven immunodepression]. | the authors report a case of multifocal african histoplasmosis with polymorphic skin involvement occuring in a patient without proven immunosuppression. he was a young 22-year-old patient from eastern senegal - but born in ouganda - who presented with polymorphic skin lesions: ombilicated papulo-nodules, gums and ulcerative and budding lesions. he showed lymphadenopathies without clinical inflammation and with a cheesy appearance of the biopsy but without tuberculosis and also hepatosplenic and ... | 2016 | 27158080 |
| [nondermatophytic and noncandidal fungi isolated in le dantec university hospital of dakar in 2014: epidemiological, clinical and mycological study]. | in recent years, the incidence of superficial fungal infections involving nondermatophytic and noncandidal fungi increased considerably. the objective of this work was to analyze the epidemiological, clinical and mycological fungal infections due to nondermatophytic and noncandidal fungi diagnosed in the laboratory of parasitology-mycology of le dantec hospital in dakar. with a retrospective study of the various cases of nondermatophytic and noncandidal fungi isolated in the laboratory of parasi ... | 2015 | 26138533 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis caused by histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii in a non-hiv patient in burkina faso: case report. | histoplasmosis is a fungal infection due to histoplasma capsulatum. the african form of this mycosis, caused by histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii, remains rare. we report a case of disseminated african histoplasmosis with skin, lymph nodes, bones and viscera localizations. the 22-year-old patient was hiv-seronegative and was considered immunocompetent. the presence of histoplasma capsulatum var duboisii in ulcerations and a nodule pus aspiration was confirmed by direct microscopic examination ... | 2015 | 25840849 |
| african histoplasmosis: the first report of an indigenous case in india. | african histoplasmosis, caused by histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii, is an invasive fungal infection endemic in central and west africa. cases seen outside africa are generally imported. we report a disseminated purely cutaneous form of this infection in an otherwise healthy person from kerala, in southern india. | 2015 | 25514986 |
| imported african histoplasmosis in an immunocompetent patient 40 years after staying in a disease-endemic area. | histoplasmosis caused by histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii is a rare disease outside central and western africa. in europe, all cases are imported. we report a case of an african histoplasmosis with isolated pulmonary involvement in a non-immunocompromised patient that occurred 40 years after his stay in a disease-endemic area. the patient was given itraconazole. (18)f-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography was used to assess evolution during treatment. the ... | 2014 | 25246691 |
| late occurrence of histoplasma duboisii cutaneous and pulmonary infection 18 years after exposure. | we report an imported case of histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii (h. duboisii) infection in a white french woman revealed by cutaneous lesions of the scalp, 18 years after her last stay in west and central africa. asymptomatic bilateral pulmonary infiltrates were discovered on thoracic computed tomography. skin biopsy allowed the positive diagnosis showing the typical yeasts; culture of biopsy specimens was positive for h. capsulatum. in the absence of criteria of severity, the patient was tre ... | 2014 | 25155354 |
| [disseminated histoplasmosis treated by boluses of fluconazole]. | we report a case in which an hiv-infected man was cured of disseminated histoplasmosis (histoplasma capsulatum var duboisii) after treatment by high-dose fluconazole (1,600 mg taken four times daily) for 2 months, combined with active antiretroviral therapy. the choice of fluconazole at this dosage was motivated by its availability as a generic and thus inexpensive medication, the patient's precarious status, and his critical clinical condition. at the end of the second month of treatment, the p ... | 2016 | 24854365 |
| [malian first observation of disseminated african histoplasmosis with predominant bone localizations in an hiv-negative child in bamako (mali). review of the literature]. | endemic deep fungal infections are still under recognised diseases in daily medical practice because of their rarity in sub-saharan area. the african histoplasmosis histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii (h. capsulatum duboisii) is the most frequent variety described in mali through limited studies in adult patients, since the first case described by catanei and kervran (1945). our case report is a disseminated histoplasmosis in a young 6-year-old african child. he was male and rural. the infectio ... | 2014 | 24094479 |
| posaconazole as rescue therapy in african histoplasmosis. | african histoplasmosis is a granulomatous mycosis caused by histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii. treatment is usually extrapolated from guidelines for classical histoplasmosis, and includes 2-4 weeks of amphotericin b followed by a step-down maintenance therapy with itraconazole. pediatric usage of posaconazole, an oral second-generation azole, remains off-label, but recent surveys show that it is safe and well tolerated in children. we report a case of disseminated african histoplasmosis in a ... | 2013 | 23312726 |
| an unusual cutaneous tumor: african histoplasmosis following mudbaths: case report and review. | african histoplasmosis, caused by histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii, is endemic in africa. the disease usually involves the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and bones. a case of african histoplasmosis presenting as a cutaneous tumor and non-healing wound in a 66-year-old immunocompetent male residing in africa, the first ever reported following mudbaths and acupuncture, is hereby reported. diagnosis was confirmed by means of polymerase chain reaction performed on tissue material. the patient was st ... | 2012 | 22302860 |
| [disseminated histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii in senegal. a case in hiv-infected patient]. | histoplasmosis, a disease due to histoplasma capsulatum, is an invasive opportunistic fungal infection, endemic in africa. so, the occurrence of african histoplasmosis associated with hiv infection has been rarely reported despite the high prevalence of both pathogens in this area. we report the first case of disseminated african histoplasmosis in an hiv-infected senegalese patient. | 2011 | 24451506 |
| development and evaluation of a molecular diagnostic method for rapid detection of histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum, the causative agent of epizootic lymphangitis, in equine clinical samples. | histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum, the causative agent of epizootic lymphangitis (ezl), is endemic in parts of africa. diagnosis based on clinical signs and microscopy lacks specificity and is a barrier to further understanding this neglected disease. here, a nested pcr method targeting the internal transcribed spacer (its) region of the rrna operon was validated for application to equine clinical samples. twenty-nine horses with signs of ezl from different climatic regions of ethiopia we ... | 2016 | 27707938 |
| pulmonary and sinus fungal diseases in non-immunocompromised patients. | the human respiratory tract is exposed daily to airborne fungi, fungal enzymes, and secondary metabolites. the endemic fungi histoplasma capsulatum, coccidioides spp, blastomyces dermatitidis, and paracoccidioides brasiliensis, and occasionally aspergillus fumigatus, are primary pulmonary pathogens of otherwise healthy people. such infections resolve in most people, and only a few infections lead to disease. however, many fungi are directly allergenic by colonising the respiratory tract or indir ... | 2017 | 28774699 |
| chronic paracoccidioidmycosis in a woman with crohn disease. | we report a rare case of chronic paracoccidioidomycosis(pcm) in a woman with crohn disease in the setting of treatment with azathioprine and mesalazine. serum tests for antigens to paracoccidioides brasiliensis, histoplasma capsulatum, and aspergillus fumigatus were negative. an incisional biopsy of an oral lesion with periodic acid-schiff and grocott-methenamine silver stains revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation with multinucleated giant cells with paracoccidioides brasiliensis within th ... | 2017 | 28541872 |
| approach to fungal infections in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals: pneumocystis and beyond. | many fungi cause pulmonary disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. pathogens include pneumocystis jirovecii, cryptococcus neoformans, aspergillus spp, histoplasma capsulatum, coccidioides spp, blastomyces dermatitidis, paracoccidioides brasiliensis, talaromyces marneffei, and emmonsia spp. because symptoms are frequently nonspecific, a high index of suspicion for fungal infection is required for diagnosis. clinical manifestations of fungal infection in hiv-infected ... | 2017 | 28797489 |
| antifungal activity of the lipophilic antioxidant ferrostatin-1. | ferrostatin-1 (fer-1) is a lipophilic antioxidant that effectively blocks ferroptosis, a distinct non-apoptotic form of cell death caused by lipid peroxidation. during many infections, both pathogens and host cells are subjected to oxidative stress, but the occurrence of ferroptosis has not been investigated. ferroptosis was examined in macrophages infected with the pathogenic yeast histoplasma capsulatum. unexpectedly, fer-1 not only reduced death of macrophages infected in vitro, but inhibited ... | 2017 | 28783875 |
| imaging spectrum of invasive fungal and fungal-like infections. | invasive fungal and fungal-like infections contribute to substantial morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised individuals. the incidence of these infections is increasing-largely because of rising numbers of immunocompromised patients, including those with neutropenia, human immunodeficiency virus, chronic immunosuppression, indwelling prostheses, burns, and diabetes mellitus, and those taking broad-spectrum antibiotics. invasive fungal pathogens include primary mycotic organisms such as his ... | 2017 | 28622118 |
| fungal infections in hiv/aids. | fungi are major contributors to the opportunistic infections that affect patients with hiv/aids. systemic infections are mainly with pneumocystis jirovecii (pneumocystosis), cryptococcus neoformans (cryptococcosis), histoplasma capsulatum (histoplasmosis), and talaromyces (penicillium) marneffei (talaromycosis). the incidence of systemic fungal infections has decreased in people with hiv in high-income countries because of the widespread availability of antiretroviral drugs and early testing for ... | 2017 | 28774701 |
| a 38-year-old woman with necrotising cervical lymphadenitis due to histoplasma capsulatum. | we analysed a 38-year-old woman with disseminated histoplasmosis for primary immunodeficiency. her blood showed no ifn-γ response while her peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs) did. we identified ifn-γ autoantibodies of the igg class in her serum. | 2017 | 28822097 |
| histoplasmosis in transplant recipients. | histoplasma capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus that most often causes asymptomatic infection in the immunocompetent population. in immunocompromised patients, including solid organ transplant (sot) and hematopoietic cell transplant (hct) recipients, however, it is likely to cause severe life-threatening infection. post-transplant histoplasmosis (pth) in sot is uncommon with an incidence of ≤ 1% and is even rarer in hct patients. the majority of pth in sot is diagnosed in the first 2 years followin ... | 2017 | 28805270 |
| histoplasmosis by histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii observed at the laboratory of pathological anatomy of lomé in togo. | our study aimed to describe the epidemiological, clinical, and diagnostic aspects of african histoplasmosis in togo through a descriptive and cross-sectional study on histological diagnosed african histoplasmosis in pathology department of lomé from 2002 to 2016 (15 years). a total of 17 cases of african histoplasmosis were diagnosed. the sex ratio (m/f) was 1.8. the annual incidence was 1.1 cases. the mean age of the patients was 27.2 ± 0.4 years. all our patients were of social categories with ... | 2017 | 28804654 |
| investigation of an optimal cell lysis method for the study of the zinc metalloproteome of histoplasma capsulatum. | this work sought to assess optimal extraction conditions in the study of the metalloproteome of the dimorphic fungus histoplasma capsulatum. one of the body's responses to h. capsulatum infection is sequestration of zinc within host macrophage (mø), as reported by vignesh et al. (immunity 39:697-710, 2013) and vignesh et al. (plos pathog 9:e1003815, 2013). thus, metalloproteins containing zinc were of greatest interest as it plays a critical role in survival of the fungus. one challenge in metal ... | 2017 | 28801743 |
| clinical perspectives in the diagnosis and management of histoplasmosis. | with increasing numbers of travelers and immunocompromised patients, histoplasmosis, caused by the dimorphic fungus histoplasma capsulatum, has become a disease of national extent. the clinical spectrum of histoplasmosis is very wide, in terms of disease cadence, onset, distribution, and severity. a multipronged approach is recommended for diagnosis. manifestations that are always treated include moderate to severe acute pulmonary histoplasmosis, disseminated disease, and histoplasmosis in immun ... | 2017 | 28797485 |
| feline cutaneous histoplasmosis: the first case report from thailand. | a 2-year-old, neutered female domestic shorthaired cat presented with a history of multiple papules and nodules on pinnae, nodules on the nose, and chronic wound at the lateral surface of left radial area for four months. skin biopsy demonstrated moderate numbers of small, oval-to-round, single-walled yeasts inside the macrophages. in addition, pcr confirmed the sequence of histoplasma capsulatum. this is the first case report of feline cutaneous histoplasmosis in thailand. | 2017 | 28794961 |
| neglected endemic mycoses. | fungi often infect mammalian hosts via the respiratory route, but traumatic transcutaneous implantation is also an important source of infections. environmental exposure to spores of pathogenic fungi can result in subclinical and unrecognised syndromes, allergic manifestations, and even overt disease. after traumatic cutaneous inoculation, several fungi can cause neglected mycoses such as sporotrichosis, chromoblastomycosis, mycetoma, entomophthoramycosis, and lacaziosis. most of these diseases ... | 2017 | 28774696 |
| high mortality and coinfection in a prospective cohort of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients with histoplasmosis in guatemala. | histoplasmosis is one of the most common and deadly opportunistic infections among persons living with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome in latin america, but due to limited diagnostic capacity in this region, few data on the burden and clinical characteristics of this disease exist. between 2005 and 2009, we enrolled patients ≥ 18 years of age with suspected histoplasmosis at a hospital-based hiv clinic in guatemala city. a case of suspected histoplasmosis w ... | 2017 | 28719316 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis presenting as multiple oral ulcers. | a 61-year-old female with a history of advanced hiv disease and chronic hepatitis b was presented with an 8-week history of painful oral ulcers. she appeared systemically well but examination revealed multiple well-demarcated clean-based ulcers on the tongue and hard palate. biopsy of one of the lesions showed numerous histiocytes containing intracellular yeast forms consistent with histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum fungal blood cultures subsequently grew h. capsulatum var. capsulatum, conf ... | 2017 | 28710196 |
| cellular and molecular defects underlying invasive fungal infections-revelations from endemic mycoses. | the global burden of fungal diseases has been increasing, as a result of the expanding number of susceptible individuals including people living with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hematopoietic stem cell or organ transplant recipients, patients with malignancies or immunological conditions receiving immunosuppressive treatment, premature neonates, and the elderly. opportunistic fungal pathogens such as aspergillus, candida, cryptococcus, rhizopus, and pneumocystis jiroveci are distributed ... | 2017 | 28702025 |
| role of fine-needle aspiration cytology in diagnosis of disseminated histoplasmosis in an immunocompetent patient: a case report. | histoplasmosis is a mycotic infection caused by dimorphic fungus, histoplasma capsulatum. the organisms are usually found within the cells (macrophages). this organism mostly affects lungs in immunocompetent individuals and disseminated forms are seen in immunocompromised cases. here, we describe a case of disseminated histoplasmosis in an immunocompetent, 35-year-old female with lymphadenopathy diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration cytology and cell block. | 2017 | 28701830 |
| dectin-2 is a primary receptor for nlrp3 inflammasome activation in dendritic cell response to histoplasma capsulatum. | inflammasome is an intracellular protein complex that serves as cytosolic pattern recognition receptor (prr) to engage with pathogens and to process cytokines of the interleukin-1 (il-1) family into bioactive molecules. it has been established that interleukin-1β (il-1β) is important to host defense against histoplasma capsulatum infection. however, the detailed mechanism of how h. capsulatum induces inflammasome activation leading to il-1β production has not been studied. here, we showed in den ... | 2017 | 28671985 |