| rickettsia, ehrlichia, anaplasma, and bartonella in ticks and fleas from dogs and cats in bangkok. | abstract flea and tick specimens (5-10 fleas or ticks) on dogs and cats from various sites in bangkok were tested by polymerase chain reaction and dna sequencing to detect dna of bacteria rickettsia (glta and 17 kda genes), anaplasmataceae (16s rrna gene), and bartonella (pap31 and its genes). we confirmed that rickettsia sp. related to rickettsia felis was detected in 66 of 98 (67.4%) flea specimens from dogs, whereas 8 bartonella henselae and 2 bartonella clarridgeiae were detected in 10 of 54 ... | 2011 | 21612535 |
| molecular and serological diagnosis of bartonella infection in 61 dogs from the united states. | background: molecular diagnosis of canine bartonellosis can be extremely challenging and often requires the use of an enrichment culture approach followed by pcr amplification of bacterial dna. hypotheses: (1) the use of enrichment culture with pcr will increase molecular detection of bacteremia and will expand the diversity of bartonella species detected. (2) serological testing for bartonella henselae and bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii does not correlate with documentation of bacteremia ... | 2011 | 21615498 |
| umbilicated erythematous papules in an immunocompromised patient. | | 2011 | 21616459 |
| bartonella species and their ectoparasites: selective host adaptation or strain selection between the vector and the mammalian host? | a wide range of blood-sucking arthropods have either been confirmed or are suspected as important vectors in bartonella transmission to mammals, including humans. overall, it appears that the diversity of bartonella species dna identified in ectoparasites is much broader than the species detected in their mammalian hosts, suggesting a mechanism of adaptation of bartonella species to their host-vector ecosystem. however, these mechanisms leading to the fitness between the vectors and their hosts ... | 2011 | 21616536 |
| medical microbiology | rickettsiae are small, gram-negative bacilli that have evolved in such close
association with arthropod hosts that they are adapted to survive within the host
cells. they represent a rather diverse collection of bacteria, and therefore listing
characteristics that apply to the entire group is difficult. the common threads that
hold the rickettsiae into a group are their epidemiology, their obligate
intracellular life ... | 1996 | 21413251 |
| systemic bartonella henselae infection in immunocompetent adult presenting as fever of unknown origin. | systemic clinical presentations of infection caused by bartonella henselae are rare in immunocompetent adults. we report four cases with hepatic and/or splenic involvement, presenting as fever of unknown origin. we discuss diagnosis and treatment of this infection. bartonella henselae serology allows an easy diagnosis of hepatosplenic involvement in cat scratch disease, a clinical picture that appears to be underrecognized. | 2011 | 21629850 |
| differential effects of bartonella henselae on human and feline macro- and micro-vascular endothelial cells. | bartonella henselae, a zoonotic agent, induces tumors of endothelial cells (ecs), namely bacillary angiomatosis and peliosis in immunosuppressed humans but not in cats. in vitro studies on ecs represent to date the only way to explore the interactions between bartonella henselae and vascular endothelium. however, no comparative study of the interactions between bartonella henselae and human (incidental host) ecs vs feline (reservoir host) ecs has been carried out because of the absence of any av ... | 2011 | 21637717 |
| [diversity of blood parasites of genus bartonella in wild rodents in mazury lakes district]. | this long-term study of genetic diversity and epidemiology of the alpha-proteobacterium bartonella in wild rodents from forest (myodes glareolus and apodemus flavicollis) and abandoned farmland (microtus arvalis and mi. oeconomus) was carried out in the years 2007-2009 in the mazury lakes district. in total, 1193 rodents were marked and recaptured, and 2226 blood samples were collected. the highest bartonella prevalence was found in a. flavicollis (43.5%), the lowest in mi. oeconomus (9.4%), whi ... | 2011 | 21638804 |
| vector competence of the tick ixodes ricinus for transmission of bartonella birtlesii. | bartonella spp. are facultative intracellular vector-borne bacteria associated with several emerging diseases in humans and animals all over the world. the potential for involvement of ticks in transmission of bartonella spp. has been heartily debated for many years. however, most of the data supporting bartonellae transmission by ticks come from molecular and serological epidemiological surveys in humans and animals providing only indirect evidences without a direct proof of tick vector compete ... | 2011 | 21655306 |
| molecular evidence of vector-borne pathogens coinfecting dogs from poland. | ticks of the genus ixodes are vectors for many pathogens, including borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, anaplasma phagocytophilum and rickettsia spp., and may also serve as vectors for bartonella spp. however, the role of ticks in bartonella transmission requires additional studies. the aim of this study was to investigate whether coinfection with two or more vector-borne pathogens can occur in the following three groups of dogs: i - dogs with suspected borreliosis (n = 92), ii - dogs considered he ... | 2011 | 21665575 |
| multi-locus sequence analysis reveals profound genetic diversity among isolates of the human pathogen bartonella bacilliformis. | bartonella bacilliformis is the aetiological agent of human bartonellosis, a potentially life threatening infection of significant public health concern in the andean region of south america. human bartonellosis has long been recognised in the region but a recent upsurge in the number of cases of the disease and an apparent expansion of its geographical distribution have re-emphasized its contemporary medical importance. here, we describe the development of a multi-locus sequence typing (mlst) s ... | 2011 | 21811647 |
| investigation of anaplasmosis in yiyuan county, shandong province, china. | to investigate the situation of anaplasmosis in yiyuan county, shandong province. | 2011 | 21803311 |
| isolation or detection of bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii and bartonella rochalimae in the endangered island foxes (urocyon littoralis). | bartonella rochalimae (b.r.) and bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii (b.v.b.) have been isolated from gray foxes (urocyon cinereoargenteus) in mainland california and high bartonella seroprevalence was reported in island foxes (u. litorralis), especially from santa cruz and santa rosa islands. as a follow-up study, the objectives were to determine the prevalence of bartonella bacteremia and seropositivity and to identify the bartonella species infecting a convenience sample of 51 island foxes ... | 2011 | 21802869 |
| bartonella species in wild rodents and the infested fleas in japan. | the purpose of this study was to assess the role of fleas for transmission of bartonella species among wild rodents in japan. flea samples were collected from wild rodents and examined genetically for bartonella infection. bartonella dna was detected from 16 of 40 (40.0%) flea samples. sequence analysis demonstrated that 3 of 16 (18.8%) of the bartonella-positive animals were infested with fleas from which the closely related bartonella dna sequence were detected, indicating that the fleas acqui ... | 2011 | 21791887 |
| optic neuropathy and cat scratch disease. | | 2011 | 21779676 |
| tick-borne infections in dogs-an emerging infectious threat. | many viral, bacterial and parasitic pathogens have been associated with tick transmission, including several recently identified pathogens in both humans and domestic animals, especially dogs. the emergence in dogs of these tick-borne infections has a multi factorial origin. better animal care, better diagnostic tools, and a broader distribution of the vectors in favorable habitats through population migrations including travel with owned pets, translocation or commercial trade of pet dogs, are ... | 2011 | 21777730 |
| human seroreactivity against bartonella species in the democratic republic of congo. | to assess the presence and identity of bartonella species in a pool of human blood samples from drc congo. | 2011 | 21771478 |
| fleas as parasites of the family canidae. | abstract: historically, flea-borne diseases are among the most important medical diseases of humans. plague and murine typhus are known for centuries while the last years brought some new flea-transmitted pathogens, like r. felis and bartonella henselae. dogs may play an essential or an accidental role in the natural transmission cycle of flea-borne pathogens. they support the growth of some of the pathogens or they serve as transport vehicles for infected fleas between their natural reservoirs ... | 2011 | 21767354 |
| an acpxl mutant in rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseolus lacks 27-hydroxyoctacosanoic acid in its lipid a and is developmentally delayed during symbiotic infection of the determinate nodulating host plant phaseolus vulgaris. | rhizobium leguminosarum is a gram negative bacterium that forms nitrogen fixing symbioses with compatible leguminous plants via intracellular invasion and establishes a persistent infection within host membrane derived subcellular compartments. notably, an unusual very long chain fatty acid (vlcfa) is found in the lipid a of r. leguminosarum as well as in the lipid a of the medically relevant pathogens brucella abortus, brucella melitensis, bartonella henselae, and legionellae pneumophila which ... | 2011 | 21764936 |
| bartonella spp. in bats, guatemala. | to better understand the role of bats as reservoirs of bartonella spp., we estimated bartonella spp. prevalence and genetic diversity in bats in guatemala during 2009. we found prevalence of 33% and identified 21 genetic variants of 13 phylogroups. vampire bat-associated bartonella spp. may cause undiagnosed illnesses in humans. | 2011 | 21762584 |
| occurrence of babesia spp., rickettsia spp. and bartonella spp. in ixodes ricinus in bavarian public parks, germany. | abstract: background: only limited information is available about the occurrence of ticks and tick-borne pathogens in public parks, which are areas strongly influenced by human beings. for this reason, ixodes ricinus were collected in public parks of different bavarian cities in a 2-year survey (2009 and 2010) and screened for dna of babesia spp., rickettsia spp. and bartonella spp. by pcr. species identification was performed by sequence analysis and alignment with existing sequences in genbank ... | 2011 | 21762494 |
| cytokines and t-lymphocute count in patients in the acute and chronic phases of bartonella bacilliformis infection in an endemic area in peru: a pilot study. | human bartonellosis has an acute phase characterized by fever and hemolytic anemia, and a chronic phase with bacillary angiomatosis-like lesions. this cross-sectional pilot study evaluated the immunology patterns using pre- and post-treatment samples in patients with human bartonellosis. patients between five and 60 years of age, from endemic areas in peru, in the acute or chronic phases were included. in patients in the acute phase of bartonellosis a state of immune peripheral tolerance should ... | 2011 | 21755237 |
| bartonella and intraocular inflammation: a series of cases and review of literature. | to present various forms of uveitis and/or retinal vasculitis attributed to bartonella infection and review the impact of this microorganism in patients with uveitis. | 2011 | 21750616 |
| lyme disease: the next decade. | although lyme disease remains a controversial illness, recent events have created an unprecedented opportunity to make progress against this serious tick-borne infection. evidence presented during the legally mandated review of the restrictive lyme guidelines of the infectious diseases society of america (idsa) has confirmed the potential for persistent infection with the lyme spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi, as well as the complicating role of tick-borne coinfections such as babesia, anaplasma ... | 2011 | 21694904 |
| bartonella henselae infection of prosthetic aortic valve associated with colitis. | abstract the diagnosis of infective endocarditis can be difficult, particularly with atypical presentation and negative blood cultures. a 61-year-old man with a porcine aortic valve presented with fever, intermittent confusion, diarrhea, and fatigue. in the community clinic setting, a colonoscopy performed for anemia demonstrated colitis. symptoms progressed for months; elicitation of a history of significant kitten exposure and the finding of an axillary lymph node prompted testing for bartonel ... | 2011 | 21702667 |
| vertebral osteomyelitis: an unusual presentation of bartonella henselae infection. | objectives: to report cases of cat scratch disease with vertebral osteomyelitis. methods: we describe clinical features, diagnostic, treatment, and outcome of 2 patients with vertebral osteomyelitis due to bartonella henselae and provide a review of the relevant literature. results: a 47-year-old man was investigated for fever, splenomegaly, and cervical adenopathy. a lymphoma was suspected on the clinical picture, the laboratory tests, and the computed tomographic scan. [(18)f]-fluoro-2-deoxy-d ... | 2011 | 21840042 |
| localised retinal vasculitis in cat scratch disease. | we report an atypical presentation of ocular cat scratch disease (csd) in an 8-year-old caucasian male who presented with localised retinal arterial vasculitis and associated retinal oedema. his history of headaches, frequent contact with a kitten and a high bartonella henslelae titre confirmed the diagnosis of csd. over an 18-month follow-up period, his best corrected visual acuity in the affected eye improved from 20/30-2 to 20/25+3 without treatment; however, the affected retinal artery remai ... | 2009 | 21686569 |
| molecular identification of bartonella quintana infection using species-specific real-time pcr targeting transcriptional regulatory protein (bqtr) gene. | we describe a sybr green i-based real-time pcr targeting bartonella quintana transcriptional regulatory protein (bqtr) gene, recently found as invariant gene among different b.quintana strains. melting curve analysis allowed us to discriminate between b.quintana and bartonella henselae amplified products. we also show its usefulness in the management of a blood culture-negative patient affected by enlarged cervical lymphonodes and long-lasting fever. b.quintana dna detection in patient whole blo ... | 2011 | 21816218 |
| occurrence of bartonella henselae types i and ii in central italian domestic cats. | serological and molecular surveys were conducted to determine the occurrence of bartonella henselae in domestic cats in central italy. samples from 234 pet cats were tested for b. henselae antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence with 78 (33.3%) positive. a pcr assay specific for the bartonella 16s rrna gene was carried out on dna samples extracted from blood of the 234 cats; 26 (11.1%) of the seropositive cats were positive. two pcr protocols, which discriminate genotypes i and ii of b. hensel ... | 2011 | 21824634 |
| occurrence of bartonella henselae and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato co-infections in ticks collected from humans in germany. | bartonella (b.) henselae is the zoonotic agent of cat scratch disease. b. henselae has been associated with therapy-resistant lyme disease in humans suggesting that b. henselae and borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato might be transmitted concurrently by ticks. in the present study we found that 16 (6.9%) of 230 ixodes ricinus collected from humans harboured dna of bartonella spp. fifteen positive ticks were infected with b. henselae and one tick with b. clarridgeiae. twenty-five percent of the 16 ba ... | 2011 | 21682805 |
| hallucinations, sensory neuropathy, and peripheral visual deficits in a young woman infected with bartonella koehlerae. | a young woman experiencing depression, anxiety, mood swings, severe headaches, muscle spasms, interphalangeal joint stiffness, decreased peripheral vision, diminished tactile sensation, and hallucinations was persistently bartonella koehlerae seroreactive and bacteremic. following antibiotic treatment, b. koehlerae antibodies and dna were not detected and all symptoms resolved. | 2011 | 21734026 |
| ecological diversity of bartonella species infection among dogs and their owner in virginia. | abstract bartonella species comprise a genus of gram-negative, fastidious, intracellular bacteria that have been implicated in association with an increasing spectrum of disease manifestations in dogs and human patients. in this study, chronic canine and human disease, for which causation was not diagnostically defined, were reported by the breeder of a kennel of doberman pinschers. in addition to other diagnostic tests, serology, polymerase chain reaction, and enrichment blood culture were used ... | 2011 | 21736485 |
| conjugative dna transfer into human cells by the virb/vird4 type iv secretion system of the bacterial pathogen bartonella henselae. | bacterial type iv secretion systems (t4ss) mediate interbacterial conjugative dna transfer and transkingdom protein transfer into eukaryotic host cells in bacterial pathogenesis. the sole bacterium known to naturally transfer dna into eukaryotic host cells via a t4ss is the plant pathogen agrobacterium tumefaciens. here we demonstrate t4ss-mediated dna transfer from a human bacterial pathogen into human cells. we show that the zoonotic pathogen bartonella henselae can transfer a cryptic plasmid ... | 2011 | 21844337 |
| bilateral bartonella henselae neuroretinitis with stellate maculopathy in a 6-year-old boy. | purpose: bartonella henselae, the cause of cat-scratch disease in humans, may lead to characteristic vision-threatening ocular findings, which importantly indicate diagnosis. methods: this is an observational case report of a 6-year-old boy who presented with bilateral stellate maculopathy and lymphadenopathy. results: after serologic verification of b. henselae infection, systemic azithromycin therapy initiated the full recovery of visual acuity and bilateral complete resolution of stellate exu ... | 2011 | 21826435 |
| bartonella seroprevalence in rural thailand. | we estimated the prevalence of anti-bartonella antibodies among febrile and non-febrile patients presenting to community hospitals in rural thailand from february 2002 through march 2003. single serum specimens were tested for igg titers to four bartonella species, b. henselae, b. quintana, b. elizabethae and b. vinsonii subsp vinsonii using an indirect immunofluorescent assay. a titer 21:256 was considered positive. forty-two febrile patients (9.9%) and 19 non-febrile patients (19%) had positiv ... | 2011 | 21706948 |
| lack of transovarial transmission of bartonella by rodent fleas. | in this issue of molecular ecology, morick et al. (2011) present an interesting study of acquisition and transmission of bartonella by xenopsylla ramesis fleas (fig. 1) which infest naturally wild desert rodents from the negev desert. a major issue with vector-borne diseases and vector-borne infection is to know whether the vector can also be a natural reservoir and transmit the infectious agent transovarially, allowing the infection to be perpetuated through successive generations of vectors. t ... | 2011 | 21834170 |
| brief communication: evidence of bartonella quintana infections in skeletons of a historical mass grave in kassel, germany. | in 2008, a mass grave was found on the grounds of the university of kassel, germany. historians hypothesized that the individuals died in a typhoid fever epidemic in winter 1813/14. to test this hypothesis, the bones were investigated on the presence of specific dna of pathogens linked to the historical diagnosis oftyphoid fever. it was possible to prove the specific dna of bartonella quintana in three individuals, suggesting that their cause of death is linked to an epidemic background. am j ph ... | 2011 | 21710687 |
| Investigation of Bartonella acquisition and transmission in Xenopsylla ramesis fleas (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae). | Bartonella are emerging and re-emerging pathogens affecting humans and a wide variety of animals including rodents. Horizontal transmission of Bartonella species by different hematophagous vectors is well acknowledged but vertical transmission (from mother to offspring) is questionable and was never explored in fleas. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the rodent flea, Xenopsylla ramesis, can acquire native Bartonella from wild rodents and transmit it transovarially. For this aim, ... | 2011 | 21692752 |
| bartonella endocarditis complicating congenital heart disease. | the present report describes a case of bartonella henselae endocarditis affecting an adolescent with congenital heart disease. a teenager from eastern europe was referred to for surgical treatment of aortic endocarditis. she admitted close contact with cats. blood culture was negative. diagnosis of b henselae was established on direct pcr amplification and 16srrna gene sequencing of the aortic valve tissue and confirmed after 4 weeks by valve culture isolate. the patient underwent extended root ... | 2009 | 21686936 |
| a serological investigation of bartonella henselae infection in cats in turkey. | bartonella henselae is the causative agent of cat scratch disease (csd) in humans. cats are the main reservoir of this bacterium and may infect humans through scratches and bites. the purpose of this study was to determine the b. henselae seroprevalence in cats in turkey. a total of 298 cats blood samples were collected from six different provinces of turkey. sera were tested for the presence of anti-b. henselae igg antibodies by indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifa). the seroprevalence of b. ... | 2011 | 21737965 |
| molecular detection of rickettsia felis, bartonella henselae, and b. clarridgeiae in fleas from domestic dogs and cats in malaysia. | the presence of rickettsia felis, bartonella henselae and b. clarridgeiae in 209 fleas (ctenocephalides felis) obtained from domestic cats and dogs in several locations in malaysia was investigated in this study. using a polymerase chain reaction specific for the citrate synthase (glta) and 17-kd antigenic protein (17kd) genes of rickettsiae, we detected r. felis dna in 6 (2.9%) fleas. for detection of bartonellae, amplification of the heme-binding protein (pap31) and riboflavin synthase (ribc) ... | 2011 | 22049052 |
| Surveillance using serological and molecular methods for the detection of infectious agents in captive Brazilian neotropic and exotic felids. | The aim of the current study was to investigate the exposure of captive wild felids to various infectious pathogens using serological and molecular methods. One hundred and fifty-nine neotropic felids and 51 exotic felids from 28 captive settings in Brazil were tested. While antibodies against Feline parvovirus and Feline coronavirus (FCoV), Feline calicivirus and Bartonella spp. were frequently detected by serologic tests, antibodies against Felid herpesvirus 1 or infection with hemotropic myco ... | 2011 | 21908268 |
| diversity of bartonella species detected in arthropod vectors from animals in australia. | a variety of bartonella species were detected in two species of ticks and three species of fleas collected from marsupial hosts; brush-tailed bettong or woylie (bettongia penicillata) and western barred bandicoots (perameles bougainville) and from a rodent host; rattus fuscipes in western australia. bartonella species were detected using nested-pcr of the glta gene and the 16s-23s ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region (its), and species were characterized using dna sequencing of the 16s r ... | 2011 | 21862131 |
| fluorescence in-situ hybridization for the identification of bacterial species in archival heart valve sections of canine bacterial endocarditis. | bacterial endocarditis (be) is defined as inflammation of cardiac valve structures and/or the endocardium secondary to bacterial infection. canine valvular be is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and ante-mortem diagnosis and post-mortem identification of causative organisms is problematic. identification of bacteria in canine be has traditionally relied on visualization of organisms on histological sections stained with haematoxylin and eosin (he), gram and modified steiner's ... | 2011 | 22030263 |
| gammopathy in a spanish dog infected with bartonella henselae. | generalised pyogranulomatous disease and hyperviscosity syndrome associated with a presumed monoclonal gammopathy was diagnosed in a three-year-old intact female pomeranian. the bartonella henselae antibody titer was 1:64 and bartonella species dna was amplified from the splenic tissue. monoclonal gammopathies in dogs are typically associated with plasma cell and lymphoid dyscrasias and other inflammatory or infectious diseases such as ehrlichiosis and leishmaniosis. based on this case report, i ... | 2011 | 21906064 |
| Bartonella quintana in Ethiopian lice. | Head and clothing lice from Jimma, Ethiopia were investigated for pathogenic bacteria. Genomic DNA from pools of lice was subjected to PCR analysis for Bartonella spp., Borrelia spp. Coxiella burnetii, Rickettsia spp. and Yersinia pestis. All 102 lice pools were negative for the afore mentioned pathogens, with the exception of Bartonella species found among 6 of 65 (9.2%) head lice pools and1 of 33 clothing lice pools. Identification was achieved by sequencing the ribosomal intragenic transcribe ... | 2011 | 22019400 |
| bartonella infective endocarditis of a prosthetic aortic valve with a subvalvular abscess. | a patient with a prosthetic aortic valve, and culture negative endocarditis caused by bartonella henselae presented with nonspecific constitutional symptoms, skin rash, and then later developed acute renal failure. the patient underwent redo sternotomy, aortic root, and ascending aorta replacement with a homograft, which resolved his symptoms and the renal failure. | 2011 | 21848606 |
| serological response to bartonella species in febrile patients from nepal. | the bartonella-associated illnesses are spread world-wide and involve a broad spectrum of signs and symptoms in humans. several bartonella species have been shown to be responsible for cases of febrile illnesses. little information exists on distribution of bartonella species and their role in human diseases in nepal. our preliminary study, a retrospective serological survey of archived specimens, suggests that bartonella antibodies are prevalent among febrile patients in the kathmandu valley of ... | 2011 | 21955739 |
| structure of fructose bisphosphate aldolase from bartonella henselae bound to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. | fructose bisphosphate aldolase (fbpa) enzymes have been found in a broad range of eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. fbpa catalyses the cleavage of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate and dihydroxyacetone phosphate. the ssgcid has reported several fbpa structures from pathogenic sources, including the bacterium brucella melitensis and the protozoan babesia bovis. bioinformatic analysis of the bartonella henselae genome revealed an fbpa homolog. the b. henselae fbpa enzym ... | 2011 | 21904049 |
| invasion of canine erythrocytes by bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii. | bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii is a recognized cause of endocarditis in dogs and human patients and has been associated with cardiac arrhythmias, myocarditis, granulomatous lymphadenitis, polyarthritis, and granulomatous rhinitis in dogs. little is known regarding the mode of transmission or cellular localization of this bacteria following infection of a canine host. the aim of the current study was to determine whether erythrocytes may serve as a site of infection by b. vinsonii subsp. b ... | 2011 | 22071179 |
| bartonella and rickettsia in arthropods from the lao pdr and from borneo, malaysia. | rickettsioses and bartonelloses are arthropod-borne diseases of mammals with widespread geographical distributions. yet their occurrence in specific regions, their association with different vectors and hosts and the infection rate of arthropod-vectors with these agents remain poorly studied in south-east asia. we conducted entomological field surveys in the lao pdr (laos) and borneo, malaysia by surveying fleas, ticks, and lice from domestic dogs and collected additional samples from domestic c ... | 2011 | 22153360 |
| Experimental infection of Swiss webster mice with four rat bartonella strains: host specificity, bacteremia kinetics, dose dependent response, and histopathology. | Groups of Swiss Webster outbred mice were each inoculated with one of four bartonella strains originally isolated from Rattus spp. at doses ranging from 10(1) to 10(7) bacteria per mouse. One strain, Rn1691yn (Bartonella coopersplainensis-like), infected mice and produced bacteremias at levels up to 10(5)bacteria/ml of blood and from 3 to 8 weeks duration. A dose dependent response was also observed with differing proportions of mice bacteremic following inoculation at different doses. In additi ... | 2011 | 21908045 |
| Clinicopathologic correlation of epidemiologic and histopathologic features of pediatric bacterial lymphadenitis. | Infection is a common cause of lymphadenopathy in children and has numerous microbial etiologies. Lymph node biopsy is considered a keystone in arriving at a definite diagnosis. An accurate differential diagnosis from a lymph node biopsy can expedite diagnosis and minimize ancillary testing. | 2011 | 22032579 |
| identification of novel bartonella spp. in bats and evidence of asian gray shrew as a new potential reservoir of bartonella. | many studies indicated that small mammals are important reservoirs for bartonella species. using molecular methods, several studies have documented that bats could harbor bartonella. this study was conducted to investigate the relationship of bartonella spp. identified in bats and small mammals living in the same ecological environment. during may 2009 and march 2010, a total of 102 blood specimens were collected. by whole blood culture and molecular identification, a total of 6 bats, 1 rodent a ... | 2011 | 22005177 |
| Rickettsiae in arthropods collected from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in France. | The aim of our study was to detect the presence of Rickettsia spp. and Bartonella spp. in ticks and fleas collected from red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in southeastern France during 2008. Using a genus-specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay, which was followed by a species-specific qPCR assay for the positive samples, 45.2% (33/73) of ticks (Rhipicephalus turanicus) were found to be infected with Rickettsia massiliae. 10.5% (2/19) of the fleas (Archaeopsylla erinacei) collected in the study tested po ... | 2011 | 22118782 |
| bartonella species bacteremia in two patients with epithelioid hemangioendothelioma. | bartonella henselae and b. koehlerae bacteremia was documented in two epithelioid hemangioendothelioma patients and b. koehlerae bacteremia in an asymptomatic partner of one of the patients. considering the biology and clinically variable natural history of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma, these results suggest that chronic bartonella infection could have a role in the development of this vascular neoplasm. bartonella spp. are known to induce vasoproliferative tumors in immunocompromised patien ... | 2011 | 21918021 |
| Genetic characterization of flea-derived Bartonella species from native animals in Australia suggests host-parasite co-evolution. | Fleas are important arthropod vectors for a variety of diseases in veterinary and human medicine, and bacteria belonging to the genus Bartonella are among the organisms most commonly transmitted by these ectoparasites. Recently, a number of novel Bartonella species and novel species candidates have been reported in marsupial fleas in Australia. In the present study the genetic diversity of marsupial fleas was investigated; 10 species of fleas were collected from seven different marsupial and pla ... | 2011 | 21856444 |
| Inhibition of fibroblast apoptosis by Borrelia afzelii, Coxiella burnetii and Bartonella henselae. | Apoptosis is a genetically controlled mechanism of cell death involved in the regulation of tissue homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of Borrelia afzelii, Coxiella burnetii, and Bartonella henselae bacteria on apoptosis measured as the level of caspase 3 activity in human fibroblast cells HEL-299. Our findings show that C. burnetii bacteria may inhibit the process of apoptosis in the host cells for a long time. This can permit intracellular survival in the host a ... | 2011 | 22184936 |
| Evaluation of clinical specimens for Rickettsia, Bartonella, Borrelia, Coxiella, Anaplasma, Franciscella and Diplorickettsia positivity using serological and molecular biology methods. | We monitored clinical samples from patients of different age groups from selected regions in Slovakia. Overall seroprevalence evaluated by immunofluorescence (IFA) using nine Bartonella, two Borrelia, six rickettsial (spotted fever and typhus group), two Coxiella, and one human granulocytic ehrlichiosis Anaplasma, Franciscella tularensis and Diplorickettsia massiliensis antigens, in rural and city populations of Slovak Republic, was found to be 32% positive for spotted fever group rickettsiae. O ... | 2011 | 22098390 |
| systemic bartonella henselae infection and crohn's disease treatment with infliximab. | | 2012 | 21928372 |
| bartonella quintana infections in captive monkeys, china. | bartonella quintana has been considered to be specifically adapted to humans. our isolation of the organism from 2 of 36 captive rhesus macaques in china and finding antibodies against b. quintana in 12 of 33 indicates that the reservoir hosts of b. quintana may include primates other than humans. | 2011 | 21888799 |
| analysis of the bada stalk from bartonella henselae reveals domain-specific and domain-overlapping functions in the host cell infection process. | human pathogenic bartonella henselae cause cat scratch disease and vasculoproliferative disorders. an important pathogenicity factor of b. henselae is the trimeric autotransporter adhesin bartonella adhesin a (bada) which is modularly constructed and consists of a head, a long and repetitive neck-stalk module with 22 repetitive neck/stalk repeats and a membrane anchor. the bada head is crucial for bacterial adherence to host cells, binding to several extracellular matrix proteins and for the ind ... | 2011 | 21981119 |
| bacteriological and molecular identification of bartonella species in cats from different regions of china. | with the improvements in diagnostic techniques, bartonella henselae (b. henselae) infection has recently been recognized to cause a widening spectrum of diseases. cats are the natural reservoir hosts of b. henselae. the current study aims to investigate the prevalence of b. henselae infection in the cat populations in china. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and bacterial cultures confirm that 12.7% of the tested cats were positive for the infection. old age and outdoor exposure were statistically ... | 2011 | 21909443 |
| bartonellae of the namaqua rock mouse, micaelamys namaquensis (rodentia: muridae) from south africa. | the aim of this study was to determine bartonella prevalence and diversity in namaqua rock mice, micaelamys namaquensis, a species endemic to south africa, which can attain pest status. a total of 100 heart samples collected monthly from march to december were screened for bartonella genome presence using three primer sets targeting the citrate synthase (glta) gene, the nadh dehydrogenase gamma subunit (nuog) gene and the rna polymerase β-subunit-encoding gene (rpob). an overall prevalence of 44 ... | 2011 | 22204791 |
| bartonella henselae engages inside-out and outside-in signaling by integrin β1 and talin1 during invasome-mediated bacterial uptake. | the virb/d4 type iv secretion system (t4ss) of the bacterial pathogen bartonella henselae (bhe) translocates seven effector proteins (bepa-bepg) into human cells that subvert host cellular functions. two redundant pathways dependent on bepg or the combination of bepc and bepf trigger the formation of a bacterial uptake structure termed the invasome. invasome formation is a multi-step process consisting of bacterial adherence, effector translocation, aggregation of bacteria on the cell surface an ... | 2011 | 22045736 |
| zoonotic bartonella species in fleas and blood from red foxes in australia. | abstract bartonella are arthropod-borne, fastidious, gram-negative, and aerobic bacilli distributed by fleas, lice, sand flies, and, possibly, ticks. the zoonotic bartonella species, bartonella henselae and bartonella clarridgeiae, which are the causes of cat scratch disease and endocarditis in humans, have been reported from cats, cat fleas, and humans in australia. however, to date, there has been no report of b. henselae or b. clarridgeiae in australian wild animals and their ectoparasites. ... | 2011 | 21919728 |
| bartonella clarridgeiae in fleas, tahiti, french polynesia. | | 2011 | 21888825 |
| experimental infection by capillary tube feeding of rhipicephalus sanguineus with bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii. | it has been speculated that ticks may serve as vectors of bartonella species. circumstantial, clinical, epidemiological and serological evidence suggest that b. vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii (b. v. berkhoffii) might be transmitted by rhipicephalus sanguineus. the purpose of the present study was to determine whether adult r. sanguineus ticks can be infected with a b. v. berkhoffii genotype ii isolate via capillary tube feeding and whether the infection can then be transmitted from adult females ... | 2011 | 22062313 |
| a multi-gene analysis of diversity of bartonella detected in fleas from algeria. | we report the molecular detection of several bartonella species in 44 (21.5%) of 204 fleas from algeria collected from 26 rodents and 7 hedgehogs. bartonella elizabethae and b. clarridgeiae were detected in the fleas collected on hedgehogs. bartonella tribocorum and b. elizabethae were detected in fleas collected from rats and mice, and sequences similar to an unnamed bartonella sp. detected in rodents from china were detected in rats as well as a genotype of bartonella closely related to barton ... | 2011 | 22153359 |
| bartonellae in animals and vectors in new caledonia. | bartonellae are gram-negative facultative intracellular alpha-proteobacteria from the family bartonellaceae. the natural history of bartonellae consists of a reservoir/host, which is a vertebrate with chronic intravascular infection with sustained bacteremia, and a vector (usually an arthropod) that transfers the bacteria from the reservoir to a susceptible yet uninfected host. in order to reveal the sources and reservoirs of bartonella infection in animals and vectors in new caledonia, we colle ... | 2011 | 22018646 |
| Suspected Bartonella-associated myocarditis and supraventricular tachycardia in a cat. | A 4-year old female spayed domestic short hair cat presented for evaluation of a tachyarrhythmia identified on routine physical examination. Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) was identified on electrocardiogram (ECG). Echocardiogram failed to identify any structural heart disease. A positive Bartonella antibody titer was identified on serological evaluation. The cat received anti-arrhythmics for control of the SVT and azithromycin for Bartonella. After completion of antibiotic therapy, a four-f ... | 2011 | 22051527 |
| no evidence of bartonella quintana but detection of acinetobacter baumannii in head lice from elementary schoolchildren in paris. | the human body louse is the only known vector of bartonella quintana. however, the presence of this bacterium has recently been detected in the head lice of homeless individuals and nepalese slum children. previous studies have reported the isolation of acinetobacter baumannii from the body lice of homeless individuals. an epidemiological survey including 74 schools was conducted between 2008 and 2009 in paris. after a first visual examination, the hair of children with suspected pediculosis was ... | 2011 | 21974965 |
| bartonella spp. bacteremia in high-risk immunocompetent patients. | serum and blood samples from 192 patients, who reported animal exposure (100.0%) and recent animal bites or scratches (88.0%), were screened for antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence assays and for bacteremia using the bapgm (bartonella alpha proteobacteria growth medium) platform. predominant symptoms included fatigue (79.2%), sleeplessness (64.1%), joint pain (64.1%), and muscle pain (63.0%). bartonella spp. seroreactivity or bacteremia was documented in 49.5% (n = 95) and 23.9% (n = 46) o ... | 2011 | 21996096 |
| Transfer of R388 derivatives by a pathogenesis-associated type IV secretion system into both bacteria and human cells. | Bacterial type IV secretion systems (T4SSs) are involved in processes such as bacterial conjugation and protein translocation to animal cells. In this work, we have switched the substrates of T4SSs involved in pathogenicity for DNA transfer. Plasmids containing part of the conjugative machinery of plasmid R388 were transferred by the T4SS of human facultative intracellular pathogen Bartonella henselae to both recipient bacteria and human vascular endothelial cells. About 2% of the human cells ex ... | 2011 | 21908662 |
| high frequency of tropheryma whipplei in culture-negative endocarditis. | "classical" whipple's disease (cwd) is caused by tropheryma whipplei and is characterized by arthropathy, weight loss, and diarrhea. t. whipplei infectious endocarditis (twie) is rarely reported, either in the context of cwd or as isolated twie without signs of systemic infection. the frequency of twie is unknown, and systematic studies are lacking. here, we performed an observational cohort study on the incidence of t. whipplei infection in explanted heart valves in two german university center ... | 2011 | 22135251 |
| role of the spleen in bartonella spp. infection. | bartonella spp. are intra-erythrocytic pathogens of mammals. in this study, we investigated the role of the spleen, and other tissue and organs in bartonella infection. using an in vivo model of mice infection by bartonella birtlesii, we detected accumulation of bacteria in the spleen, with transient infection of the liver, but failed to detect any bacteria in brain or lymph nodes. we then compared bacteraemia in normal balb/c mice and in splenectomized mice. bacteraemia in splenectomized mice w ... | 2011 | 22098417 |
| onset of cutaneous vasculitis and exacerbation of iga nephropathy after bartonella henselae infection. | bartonella henselae is the aetiological agent of cat-scratch disease. recently, there have been reports of other conditions associated with this bacterium, including leucocytoclastic vasculitis, thrombocytopenic purpura, maculopapular and urticarial eruptions, granuloma annulare, erythema nodosum, erythema marginatum and erythema annulare. we report the first case, to our knowledge, of the simultaneous occurrence of cutaneous vasculitis and nephrotic syndrome in a 65-year-old woman with iga neph ... | 2011 | 21981612 |
| molecular detection and identification of bartonella species in xenopsylla cheopis fleas (siphonaptera: pulicidae) collected from rattus norvegicus rats in los angeles, california. | of 200 individual xenopsylla cheopis fleas removed from rattus norvegicus rats trapped in downtown los angeles, ca, 190 (95%) were positive for the presence of bartonella dna. ninety-one amplicons were sequenced: bartonella rochalimae-like dna was detected in 66 examined fleas, and bartonella tribocorum-like dna was identified in 25 fleas. the data obtained from this study demonstrate an extremely high prevalence of bartonella dna in rat-associated fleas. | 2011 | 21908631 |
| Bartonellosis in cats: a role in uveitis? | Bartonellosis has been widely studied in human and veterinary medicine over the past two decades. Despite this fact, it remains an enigmatic disease in many ways. The causative bacteria, Bartonella spp, are transmitted to cats by fleas and thus the prevalence in cat populations, particularly in temperate climates, is high. Most cats, whether infected naturally or experimentally, remain asymptomatic. Thus, correlating the presence of the organism to clinical disease, including uveitis, in cats ha ... | 2011 | 21923819 |
| molecular prevalence of bartonella, babesia, and hemotropic mycoplasma sp. in dogs with splenic disease. | among diseases that cause splenomegaly in dogs, lymphoid nodular hyperplasia (lnh), splenic hemangiosarcoma (hsa), and fibrohistiocytic nodules (fhn) are common diagnoses. the spleen plays an important role in the immunologic control or elimination of vector-transmitted, blood-borne pathogens, including bartonella sp., babesia sp., and hemotropic mycoplasma sp. | 2011 | 22092618 |
| Combining climatic projections and dispersal ability: a method for estimating the responses of sandfly vector species to climate change. | BACKGROUND: In the Old World, sandfly species of the genus Phlebotomus are known vectors of Leishmania, Bartonella and several viruses. Recent sandfly catches and autochthonous cases of leishmaniasis hint on spreading tendencies of the vectors towards Central Europe. However, studies addressing potential future distribution of sandflies in the light of a changing European climate are missing. METHODOLOGY: Here, we modelled bioclimatic envelopes using MaxEnt for five species with proven or assum ... | 2011 | 22140590 |
| Detection of Bartonella henselae IgM in serum of experimentally infected and naturally exposed cats. | Results of Bartonella henselae blood culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay on blood, or IgG antibody assays do not always correlate with the presence or absence of clinical disease in cats, and B. henselae IgG antibodies in serum do not always correlate with bacteremia. However, little is known concerning Bartonella spp. IgM antibodies in naturally exposed cats. | 2011 | 22092615 |
| introduction to the alpha-proteobacteria: wolbachia and bartonella, rickettsia, brucella, ehrlichia, and anaplasma. | wolbachia is an obligate intracellular endosymbiont and likely mutualist living within the heartworm dirofilaria immitis and a number of other filarial nematodes in the family onchocercidae. the bacterial infection is passed from worm to worm transovarially; the organisms are in ovarian cells, the developing microfilariae, and multiply and persist in all later developmental stages through the mosquito and into the next host. besides being present in the ovaries of the adult worms, they also are ... | 2011 | 22152604 |
| [Comparison of the indirect immunofluorescence assay performance of bartonella henselae antigens obtained by co-cultivation in vero and HeLa cells]. | The laboratory diagnosis of Bartonella henselae infection is mainly based on serological testing by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Cell line co-cultivation with B.henselae and agar derivated antigens are the two major procedures used for evaluation of anti-Bartonella antibodies. Vero and Hep-2 cell lines are the most commonly used media for co-cultivation both in-house and commercial diagnostic kits production. However, HeLa cells which are easily supplied and grown, also can easily be ... | 2011 | 21935779 |
| bartonella infection in immunocompromised hosts: immunology of vascular infection and vasoproliferation. | most infections by genus bartonella in immunocompromised patients are caused by b. henselae and b. quintana. unlike immunocompetent hosts who usually develop milder diseases such as cat scratch disease and trench fever, immunocompromised patients, including those living with hiv/aids and posttransplant patients, are more likely to develop different and severe life-threatening disease. this paper will discuss bartonella's manifestations in immunosuppressed patients and will examine bartonella's i ... | 2012 | 22162717 |
| Altitude-dependent Bartonella quintana Genotype C in Head Lice, Ethiopia. | To determine the presence of Bartonella quintana in head and body lice from persons in different locations in Ethiopia, we used molecular methods. B. quintana was found in 19 (7%) genotype C head lice and in 76 (18%) genotype A body lice. B. quintana in head lice was positively linked to altitude (p = 0.014). | 2011 | 22172306 |
| Molecular Study of Free-ranging Mule Deer and White-tailed Deer from British Columbia, Canada, for Evidence of Anaplasma spp. and Ehrlichia spp. | Twenty-three free-ranging white-tailed deer (WTD; Odocoileus virginianus) and six mule deer (MD; Odocoileus hemionus) from south-central British Columbia, Canada, were tested for Anaplasma marginale by msp5 gene-specific PCR and Ehrlichia spp. by 16S rRNA or citrate synthase (gltA) gene-specific PCR, as well as by PCR with universal 16S rRNA primers detecting a wide range of bacteria. No deer tested positive for A. marginale. Amplification with universal 16S rRNA primers followed by sequencing o ... | 2011 | 21933360 |
| Transmission of flea-borne zoonotic agents (*). | Flea-borne zoonoses such as plague (Yersinia pestis) and murine typhus (Rickettsia typhi) caused significant numbers of human cases in the past and remain a public health concern. Other flea-borne human pathogens have emerged recently (e.g., Bartonella henselae, Rickettsia felis), and their mechanisms of transmission and impact on human health are not fully understood. Our review focuses on the ecology and epidemiology of the flea-borne bacterial zoonoses mentioned above with an emphasis on rece ... | 2012 | 21888520 |
| comparative analysis of glutaredoxin domains from bacterial opportunistic pathogens. | glutaredoxin proteins (glxrs) are essential components of the glutathione system that reductively detoxify substances such as arsenic and peroxides and are important in the synthesis of dna via ribonucleotide reductases. nmr solution structures of glutaredoxin domains from two gram-negative opportunistic pathogens, brucella melitensis and bartonella henselae, are presented. these domains lack the n-terminal helix that is frequently present in eukaryotic glxrs. the conserved active-site cysteines ... | 2011 | 21904064 |
| rickettsia felis and bartonella spp. in fleas from cats in albania. | abstract fleas can serve as vectors for bacterial pathogens like bartonella and rickettsia species, which have been isolated worldwide. however, the knowledge of the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases in general and thus on flea-borne diseases in albania is limited. therefore, from 78 free-roaming cats in tirana, albania, fleas (371 ctenocephalides felis and 5 ctenocephalides canis) were collected to examine them for the presence of rickettsia and bartonella species. ten of the 371 c. felis ... | 2011 | 21995262 |
| comparison of the 'ca. liberibacter asiaticus' genome adapted for an intracellular lifestyle with other members of the rhizobiales. | an intracellular plant pathogen 'candidatus liberibacter asiaticus,' a member of the rhizobiales, is related to sinorhizobium meliloti, bradyrhizobium japonicum, nitrogen fixing endosymbionts, agrobacterium tumefaciens, a plant pathogen, and bartonella henselae, an intracellular mammalian pathogen. whole chromosome comparisons identified at least 50 clusters of conserved orthologous genes found on the chromosomes of all five metabolically diverse species. the intracellular pathogens 'ca. liberib ... | 2011 | 21876745 |
| presence of bartonella species in wild carnivores of northern spain. | the genus bartonella was detected by pcr in 5.7% (12/212) of wild carnivores from northern spain. based on hybridization and sequence analyses, bartonella henselae was identified in a wildcat (felis silvestris), bartonella rochalimae in a red fox (vulpes vulpes) and in a wolf (canis lupus), and bartonella sp. in badgers (meles meles). | 2011 | 22138983 |
| structure of a nudix hydrolase (mutt) in the mg(2+)-bound state from bartonella henselae, the bacterium responsible for cat scratch fever. | cat scratch fever (also known as cat scratch disease and bartonellosis) is an infectious disease caused by the proteobacterium bartonella henselae following a cat scratch. although the infection usually resolves spontaneously without treatment in healthy adults, bartonellosis may lead to severe complications in young children and immunocompromised patients, and there is new evidence suggesting that b. henselae may be associated with a broader range of clinical symptoms then previously believed. ... | 2011 | 21904053 |
| bid-f1 and bid-f2 domains of bartonella henselae effector protein bepf trigger together with bepc the formation of invasome structures. | the gram-negative, zoonotic pathogen bartonella henselae (bhe) translocates seven distinct bartonella effector proteins (beps) via the virb/vird4 type iv secretion system (t4ss) into human cells, thereby interfering with host cell signaling [1], [2]. in particular, the effector protein bepg alone or the combination of effector proteins bepc and bepf trigger massive f-actin rearrangements that lead to the establishment of invasome structures eventually resulting in the internalization of entire b ... | 2011 | 22043280 |
| Prevalence of antibodies anti-bartonella henselae in Western sicily: children, blood donors, and cats. | To evaluate seroprevalence of B. henselae infection both in Sicilian children and healthy blood donors. Furthermore, circulation of Bartonella in the natural reservoir was also studied. Two hundred forty-three children, living in Sicily (Palermo), affected by various diseases, without clinical features suggesting B. henselae infection, together with 122 healthy blood donors were serologically investigated for IgG and IgM antibodies by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). One hundred twenty ... | 2012 | 22181817 |
| proteomic and bioinformatic analysis of outer membrane proteins of the protobacterium bartonella henselae (bartonellaceae). | bartonella henselae, an infectious agent causing cat-scratch disease and vasculoproliferative disorders in humans, is a fastidious facultative intracellular pathogen. the outer membrane proteins of b. henselae are key molecules that play a primary role in host-cell interactions. we isolated b. henselae outer membrane proteins, using the ionic detergent n-lauroyl sarcosine sodium salt and sodium carbonate, purification by two-dimensional (2-d) gel electrophoresis, and protein identification ... | 2011 | 21948745 |
| Cat Scratch Neuroretinitis: The Role of Acute and Convalescent Titers for Diagnosis. | ABSTRACT: Cat scratch neuroretinitis (CSN) is a clinical diagnosis supported by serological testing. We present 2 cases of CSN in which initial acute titers were negative or equivocal for Bartonella henselae while convalescent titers were shown to be positive. We report these cases to emphasize that a single acute negative titer is insufficient to exclude the diagnosis of CSN and that convalescent titers should be obtained in patients for whom there is a high clinical suspicion of the disease. | 2011 | 21941214 |
| Detection and Identification of Species-Specific Bacteria Associated with Synanthropic Mites. | Internal bacterial communities of synanthropic mites Acarus siro, Dermatophagoides farinae, Lepidoglyphus destructor, and Tyrophagus putrescentiae (Acari: Astigmata) were analyzed by culturing and culture-independent approaches from specimens obtained from laboratory colonies. Homogenates of surface-sterilized mites were used for cultivation on non-selective agar and DNA extraction. Isolated bacteria were identified by sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. PCR amplified 16S rRNA genes were analyzed b ... | 2011 | 22057398 |
| vector-borne diseases in client-owned and stray cats from madrid, spain. | abstract the role of various vector-borne pathogens as a cause of disease in cats has not been clearly determined. the current study evaluated risk factors, clinical and laboratory abnormalities associated with ehrlichia spp., anaplasma spp., neorickettsia spp., leishmania spp., and bartonella spp. infection or exposure in 680 client-owned and stray cats from madrid, spain. our results indicate that a large portion (35.1%) of the cat population of madrid, spain, is exposed to at least one of t ... | 2011 | 22022820 |
| bartonella clarridgeiae, b. henselae and rickettsia felis in fleas from morocco. | a total of 554 fleas were collected in the moroccan casablanca and tiznit regions from domesticated animals and ruminants between august 2007 and october 2008 and were tested for the presence of rickettsia spp. and bartonella spp. using molecular methods. for the first time in morocco, we found rickettsia felis, the agent of flea-borne spotted fever in ctenocephalides felis; b. henselae, an agent of cat scratch disease; and bartonella clarridgeiae, a cat pathogen and potentially a human pathoge ... | 2011 | 22185943 |