| from the centers for disease control. cholera--international travel, 1992. | | 1992 | 1527866 |
| low levels of coagulation inhibitors in patients with clostridium difficile infection. | to investigate levels of coagulation inhibitors in sera from patients with clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea and colitis, commercially available antigen assays were used for immunochemical determination of antithrombin iii, protein c and free protein s. sera from patients with clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea and colitis showed significantly lowered levels of all measured inhibitors as compared to controls (student's t test). protein c (mean +/- sd): 0.70 +/- 0.30 vs. 1.28 +/- ... | 1992 | 1533851 |
| polymorphism in the rd (d6s45) gene. | the rd (d6s45) gene in the class iii region of the hla major histocompatibility complex encodes a protein normally containing 24 consecutive basic-acidic dipeptide repeats. we determined the frequency of variations in the number of repeats by use of the polymerase chain reaction. of 107 subjects 7 (3.3%) carried genes encoding 22 or 23 repeats. there was no difference in the frequency of such polymorphisms between normal individuals and those with systemic lupus erythematosus, a disease associat ... | 1992 | 1534063 |
| vibriophage vca-3 as an epidemic strain marker for the u.s. gulf coast vibrio cholerae o1 clone. | toxigenic and nontoxigenic vibrio cholerae o1, el tor biotype strains, which are endemic to the u.s. gulf coast, can be lysogenic for bacteriophage vca-3. to evaluate the presence of vca-3 as an indicator of toxigenicity and as an epidemic strain marker, phage production and the presence of phage and cholera toxin genes were assayed in 98 strains of v. cholerae o1 (35 u.s. and 63 foreign strains). by using a hindiii chromosomal digest for southern blot analysis, 39 of the study strains hybridize ... | 1992 | 1537896 |
| from the centers for disease control. cholera associated with an international airline flight, 1992. | | 1992 | 1538525 |
| a model for directed foreign gene delivery to rat liver cells in vivo. | a novel technique for directed delivery of retroviral genes to rat liver cells in vivo is described. vascular isolation of the liver was achieved in situ and perfusate containing retrovirus expressing the bacterial gene conferring resistance to hygromycin-b was delivered selectively to the posterior liver lobes. after 15 min, normal blood flow to the liver was restored. the portal venous branch supplying the two anterior liver lobes was ligated either at the same time (group i, n = 4) or 20 hr p ... | 1992 | 1538595 |
| risk factors for suicide attempts in a human immunodeficiency virus screening program. | | 1992 | 1539099 |
| linkage analysis of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (mody): genetic heterogeneity and nonpenetrance. | we have analyzed the inheritance of maturity-onset diabetes of the young (mody) on chromosome 20 in a large multigeneration family, the r.-w. family, and in two other mody families. of the four branches of the r.-w. pedigree which have been studied, two have documented early onset of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (niddm), while there is no evidence of early onset in the other two branches. the early-onset branches have apparently inherited the same d20s16 allele from the affected paren ... | 1992 | 1539597 |
| phorbol ester inhibits granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor binding and tyrosine phosphorylation. | exposure of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (pma) results in a 70-75% reduction in the specific binding of 125i-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf) to its receptors. the pma-induced reduction in 125i-gm-csf binding is due to a decrease in the number of available gm-csf receptors, as derived from scatchard analysis of the binding data. on the other hand, the phorbol ester 4-alpha-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (4 alpha-pdd) fails to affect 1 ... | 1992 | 1539618 |
| biotin transport in microvillous membrane vesicles, cultured trophoblasts, and isolated perfused human placenta. | biotin, essential for normal fetal growth and development, must be transported across the placenta to reach the fetus. this study evaluated placental transport of biotin using microvillous membrane vesicles (mmv), cultured trophoblasts, and isolated perfused cotyledon. biotin uptake in mmv was stimulated by an inward na+ gradient. in the presence of na+, maximal stimulation was observed with cl-, among various anions. biotin uptake required 1 na+ per biotin molecule. kinetic analysis in mmv show ... | 1992 | 1539622 |
| 5-ht2 receptor mrna is overexpressed in cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells relative to normal aorta. | proliferation of smooth muscle cells in arteries is associated with contractile hypersensitivity to serotonin (5-ht). a possible explanation is that smooth muscle cells express increased numbers of phospholipase c (plc)-coupled 5-ht receptors (5-htr), which could mediate contractile and mitogenic signals via phosphatidylinositol turnover. to test this hypothesis, we performed a molecular characterization of 5-htr subtypes in normal aorta and passaged rat aortic smooth muscle cells (rasm) in cult ... | 1992 | 1539623 |
| modulation of macrophage hyperactivity improves survival in a burn-sepsis model. | macrophage hyperactivity with increased production of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin 6, interleukin 1, and prostaglandins has been demonstrated in the injured patient, but the effect of this on the clinical outcome is unclear. we studied the effect of combination interleukin 1 beta and indomethacin sodium therapy on macrophage hyperactivity and survival after sepsis in a murine burn model. macrophage interleukin 1, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha production were all significan ... | 1992 | 1540091 |
| salmonella hadar associated with pet ducklings--connecticut, maryland, and pennsylvania, 1991. | the association between salmonella and pets, particularly birds and reptiles, is well established (1-4). in the spring of 1991, a cluster of salmonella infections in connecticut, maryland, and pennsylvania was linked to pet ducklings. this outbreak underscores the need for careful handling of pets, especially ducklings during the spring and easter seasons. | 1992 | 1542292 |
| in-vitro interaction between nitrofurantoin and vibrio cholerae dna. | in-vitro interaction of nitrofurantoin with v. cholerae dna resulted in a quenching and red spectral shift of the drug absorption pattern. scatchard analysis revealed that the drug binding involved more than one processes and that the strongest mode of binding was characterised by an association constant (k) of 5.04 x 10(6) m-1 and the number of binding sites per nucleotide (n) of 0.015. based on viscosity measurements, the mode of drug binding to dna appeared to be through intercalation, the he ... | 1992 | 1547512 |
| taxonomical implications of the emergence of high frequency of occurrence of 2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropylpteridine-resistant strains of vibrio cholerae from clinical cases of cholera in calcutta, india. | of the 110 consecutive isolates of vibrio cholerae recovered from cholera patients admitted to the infectious diseases hospital, calcutta, india, between july 1989 and october 1990, 90 and 82.7% were resistant to 10 and 150 micrograms of 2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropylpteridine (o/129), respectively. additionally, all o/129-resistant strains of v. cholerae were multiply resistant to antimicrobial agents. except in the cases of four strains, resistance to o/129 was invariably linked with resistance t ... | 1992 | 1551995 |
| differences between rats and rabbits in hepatic cytosolic glutathione s-transferase expression in response to nitrogen heterocycle and other inducers. | glutathione s-transferase (gst) expression was examined in hepatic cytosol from rats and rabbits treated with 4-picoline, pyrrole, pyridine, pyrazine, imidazole, or piperidine using enzymatic activity, sds-page, and immunoblot analyses and the results were compared to those obtained with phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene. sds-page and immunoblot analyses of hepatic cytosol prepared from rats treated with pyrazine revealed the induction of class alpha (ya and yc) and mu (yb) bands with a cor ... | 1992 | 1553756 |
| production of a conserved adhesin by the human gastroduodenal pathogen helicobacter pylori. | an adhesin protein with an approximate subunit molecular weight of 19,600 has been purified from the gastric pathogen helicobacter pylori. the protein was loosely associated with the cell surface and was removed by gentle stirring or shearing. released aggregates of the 19.6-kda protein were removed from suspension by ultracentrifugation and separated from contaminating membranes by washing in 1.0% sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds). the sds-insoluble protein was purified further by mono q anion-excha ... | 1992 | 1556073 |
| synthesis of 5-methylaminomethyl-2-selenouridine in trnas: 31p nmr studies show the labile selenium donor synthesized by the seld gene product contains selenium bonded to phosphorus. | an enzyme preparation from salmonella typhimurium catalyzes the conversion of 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine in trnas to 5-methylaminomethyl-2-selenouridine when supplemented with selenide and atp. similar preparations from a salmonella mutant strain carrying a defective seld gene fail to catalyze this selenium substitution reaction. however, supplementation of the deficient enzyme preparation with the purified seld gene product (seld protein) restored synthesis of seleno-trnas. in the absenc ... | 1992 | 1557403 |
| [evaluate the hiv test correctly!]. | | 1992 | 1557769 |
| epileptogenic effects of skin extracts from the australian frog pseudophryne coriacea after intracerebral microinfusion in rats. | the behavioural and electrocortical (ecog) effects induced by a methanol extract of the skin of the australian frog pseudophryne coriacea, directly microinjected into several areas of the brain, were studied in freely moving rats. administration of the p. coriacea extract (5, 10, 15 and 20 micrograms) into the dorsal hippocampus produced a dose-dependent and reversible behavioural stimulation and ecog spikes lasting 20-140 min. similar but less intense effects were elicited in rats receiving inj ... | 1992 | 1557788 |
| endocrine responses in cows milked by hand and machine. | plasma concentrations of oxytocin, prolactin, and cortisol were compared in five swedish red and white cows milked by hand versus machine. cows were divided into two groups. one group was hand-milked; the other group was machine-milked. treatments were switched every other day. the experiment was carried out for 6 d. blood samples were taken prior to, during, and after milking and were assayed for hormones. more oxytocin and prolactin were released in hand-milked cows. there were no significant ... | 1992 | 1560139 |
| co-ordinate expression of virulence genes by toxr in vibrio cholerae. | evolution of complex regulatory pathways that control virulence factor expression in pathogenic bacteria indicates the importance to these organisms of being able to distinguish time and place. in the human intestinal pathogen vibrio cholerae, control over many virulence genes identified to date is the responsibility of the toxr protein. toxr, in conjunction with a second regulatory protein called toxs, directly activates the genes encoding the cholera toxin; other toxr regulated genes are not a ... | 1992 | 1560773 |
| is deafness after meningitis increasing? | | 1992 | 1562378 |
| stereochemistry of the hydrolysis reaction catalyzed by endoglucanase z from erwinia chrysanthemi. | endoglucanase z from the phytopathogenic bacterium erwinia chrysanthemi (strain 3937) was purified by affinity chromatography on microcrystalline cellulose avicel ph101. a kinetic characterization using p-nitrophenyl beta-d-cellobioside and p-nitrophenyl beta-d-lactosde as substrates was conducted: endoglucanase z exhibited km values of 3 mm and 7.5 mm and vm values of 129 and 40 nmol.min-1.mg-1 towards p-nitrophenyl beta-d-cellobioside (kcat = 0.1 s-1) and p-nitrophenyl beta-d-lactoside (kcat = ... | 1992 | 1563515 |
| [aids and mycoplasma infection: what is the connection?]. | | 1992 | 1563670 |
| a specific sequence of stimulation is required to induce synthesis of the antimicrobial molecule nitric oxide by mouse macrophages. | nitric oxide production by macrophages required either simultaneous or sequential exposure to gamma interferon and lipopolysaccharide; exposure to lipopolysaccharide followed by exposure to gamma interferon gave little response. the apparently evanescent nature of the lipopolysaccharide signal, necessitating persistent stimulation, could be essential to down-regulating nitric oxide production after bacteria are cleared in vivo. | 1992 | 1563802 |
| a comparative study of the kinetic changes of hemopoietic stem cells in mice infected with lethal and non-lethal malaria. | the kinetic changes of hemopoietic stem cells in bone marrow and spleen were compared between lethal plasmodium berghei- and non-lethal p. yoelii 17x-infected mice. p. yoelii 17x-infected mice showed more severe splenomegaly than those infected with p. berghei. p. yoelii 17x-infected mice also showed a greater degree of sustained increase in number of multipotent hemopoietic stem cells (colony-forming units in spleen: cfu-s) and committed stem cells for granulocytes and macrophages (cfu-gm) and ... | 1992 | 1563919 |
| the role of the mitochondrial creatine kinase system for myocardial function during ischemia and reperfusion. | the subcellular distribution of atp, adp, creatine phosphate and creatine was studied in normoxic control, isoprenaline-stimulated and potassium-arrested guinea-pig hearts as well as during ischemia and after reperfusion. the mitochondrial creatine phosphate/creatine ratio was closely correlated to the oxidative activity of the hearts. this was interpreted as an indication of a close coupling of mitochondrial creatine kinase to oxidative phosphorylation. to further investigate the functional cou ... | 1992 | 1567884 |
| coherence of frequency modulation is encoded by cochlear-generated distortion. | nonlinearities of the peripheral auditory system generate distortion products which present to the central auditory system as apparent acoustic stimuli. the frequency and amplitude of distortion products reflect the frequency, phase and amplitude relationship of the components of a complex stimulus. when the stimulus consists of harmonically-related primaries, the amplitudes of the major distortion products are a function of the relative phase of the presented (primary) tones. we have previously ... | 1992 | 1568943 |
| induction of primary antiphospholipid syndrome in mice by immunization with a human monoclonal anticardiolipin antibody (h-3). | antiphospholipid syndrome (apls) is characterized by thrombocytopenia, thromboembolic phenomena, and recurrent fetal loss, associated with anticardiolipin antibodies (aca) and/or lupus anticoagulant. the syndrome may be primary or may be associated with other conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus. we have previously shown the ability to induce apls in naive mice following passive transfer of serum and monoclonal acas. similarly we generated the secondary apls in balb/c mice following i ... | 1992 | 1569194 |
| dose-response of bacillus calmette-guerin in the treatment of superficial bladder cancer. | although bacillus calmette-guerin (bcg) has been recognized as an effective therapy for superficial bladder cancer, dose-response studies are not available. such studies are important because the administration of the vaccine is not devoid of significant side effects when the standard dose of 120 mg. is used. it has been speculated that smaller doses may be equally effective but carry fewer side effects. a controlled study comparing 2 doses of bcg was conducted as an initial step to explore this ... | 1992 | 1569662 |
| assignments of polymorphic loci on chromosome 13 refined by in situ hybridization. | | 1992 | 1572666 |
| the acute effects of mk-801 on cerebral blood flow and tissue partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide in conscious and alpha-chloralose anaesthetized rats. | the dynamic effects of the non-competitive n-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist, mk-801 [(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5h-dibenzo(a,d)cyclohepten-5,10-imine] , on cerebral blood flow and tissue partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide were investigated in the striatal and occipital regions of conscious and anaesthetized rats by mass spectrometry. mk-801 (0.5 and 5 mg/kg, i.p.) induced a large increase in the blood flow of both cerebral regions of conscious rats, without significant change ... | 1992 | 1579219 |
| safety and immunogenicity of different immunization regimens of cvd 103-hgr live oral cholera vaccine in soldiers and civilians in thailand. | attenuated vibrio cholerae oral vaccine cvd 103-hgr was well tolerated by 324 thai soldiers and civilians. most received a single 5 x 10(8) cfu dose, while 40 each received one or two 5 x 10(9) cfu doses. vibriocidal antibody (the best correlate of immunity) seroconversion was lower in soldiers than civilians (p less than .001). increasing the vaccine dose to 5 x 10(9) cfu raised the geometric mean titer (p less than .001). a second 5 x 10(9) cfu dose one week later did not notably increase sero ... | 1992 | 1583321 |
| detection and quantitative assessment of a vibrio cholerae o1 species in several foods by a novel enzyme immunoassay. | a selected antibody enzyme immunoassay (saeia) for the general detection of vibrio cholerae o1 species has been developed using the immunological reagents of a rabbit antiserum specific for v. cholerae o1 classical inaba 569b and immobilized cell fragments of v. cholerae o1 el tor 85p6, and beta-d-galactosidase-labeled goat anti-rabbit immunoglobulin g as tracer. the saeia was specific for v. cholerae o1 species and showed low cross-reaction values to other microorganism species tested including ... | 1992 | 1584068 |
| detection of cholera toxin by a highly sensitive bead-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. | a bead-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (bead-elisa) for detection and quantification of cholera toxin (ct) in broth cultures of vibrio cholerae o1 has been developed. under optimal buffer and ph conditions the bead-elisa could consistently detect 40 pg/ml of ct. none of the ingredients of commonly used media for in vitro culture of v. cholerae o1 hindered the performance of the bead-elisa. evaluation of the sensitivity and specificity of the bead-elisa against the commonly used reversed passiv ... | 1992 | 1584072 |
| construction and analysis of a vibrio cholerae delta-aminolevulinic acid auxotroph which confers protective immunity in a rabbit model. | vibrio cholerae cvd101 is a very effective live vaccine. although this strain does not produce active cholera toxin because of a mutation in the gene for the cholera toxin a subunit, it still shows residual pathogenicity. to attenuate cvd101 further, we set out to isolate derivatives of cvd101 which were limited in their ability to proliferate in vivo. two delta-aminolevulinic acid auxotrophs of cvd101, designated v286 and v287, were isolated by transposon mutagenesis and penicillin enrichment. ... | 1992 | 1587587 |
| presence of exposed phospholipids in the outer membrane of vibrio cholerae. | vibrio cholerae 569b was found to be highly sensitive to a wide range of chemicals, particularly hydrophobic compounds and neutral and anionic detergents. the phospholipid profile of the outer membrane was similar to that reported for other gram-negative bacteria. the lipopolysaccharide (lps) contained o-antigenic sugars and exhibited heterogeneity. in addition, the lps moiety was characterized by a relatively low negative charge. analysis by topological probes revealed the presence of a signifi ... | 1992 | 1588309 |
| association of vibrio cholerae with fresh water amoebae. | an investigation was undertaken to determine whether acanthamoeba polyphaga shi and naegleria gruberi 1518/1e could affect the survival of various strains of vibrio cholerae in laboratory microcosms. in microcosms pre-inoculated with trophozoites of amoebae, all six strains of v. cholerae tested survived and multiplied during 24 h. in control microcosms without trophozoites of amoebae, survival of the v. cholerae strains was much decreased. two strains of v. cholerae were used to determine wheth ... | 1992 | 1588578 |
| [the ionized calcium in the blood of domestic chickens: dependence on age and sex]. | in the present study concentration of ionized calcium and the correlation between total and ionized calcium in blood of domestic fowl and its dependence on age and sex were investigated. furthermore a possible influence of blood sampling procedure on the measured values was assessed. leghorn chickens of either sex, aged 3, 9, 25, and 80 weeks, respectively, were used. blood sampling was performed by vein-puncture and indwelling catheters, respectively, of both ulnaris vein and artery of animals ... | 1992 | 1590033 |
| salmonella senftenberg carrier state in a neonate following septicemia. | | 1992 | 1592510 |
| roles of rpod, spoiif, spoiij, spoiin, and sin in regulation of bacillus subtilis stage ii sporulation-specific transcription. | bacillus subtilis strains containing defects in the sporulation gene spoiif (kina), spoiij (kina), or spoiin (ftsa) cannot transcribe the sigma e-dependent gene spoiid. results presented here and by other workers demonstrate that the spoiif, spoiij, and spoiin gene products control spoiid transcription indirectly by coordinating the induction of the spoiigab, spoiie, and spoiiac operons, which are required for sigma e synthesis and processing. sporulation competence and spoiigab, spoiie, and spo ... | 1992 | 1592812 |
| aetiological studies on hospital inpatients with secretory diarrhoea in calcutta. | twenty-five cases of all age groups with secretory diarrhoea admitted to the infectious diseases hospital, calcutta were studied. bacterial enteropathogens were detected by bacteriological examination of the faeces, in each and every case. the main pathogens detected were escherichia coli and vibrio cholerae. v cholerae was more commonly associated with severe illness except in the very young, while esch coli was equally associated with moderate and severe illness. multiple isolates were more co ... | 1992 | 1593139 |
| the highest gene concentrations in the human genome are in telomeric bands of metaphase chromosomes. | chromosome in situ suppression hybridization has been carried out on human metaphase chromosomes to localize the g+c-richest human dna fraction (which only represents 3.5% of the genome), as isolated by preparative equilibrium centrifugation in cs2so4/3,6-bis(acetatomercurimethyl)-1,4-dioxane density gradient. this fraction essentially corresponds to isochore family h3. the rationale for carrying out this experiment is that this isochore family has, by far, the highest gene concentration, the hi ... | 1992 | 1594593 |
| subtotal lesions of the amygdala: the rostral central nucleus in passive avoidance and ulceration. | rats received small bilateral electrolytic or ibotenate lesions of the rostral part of the amygdaloid central (race) or lateral (ral) nuclei, or caudal part of the basolateral nuclei (cbl), or electrolytic lesions of the dorsal hippocampus (hipp). all groups were tested in a drinking passive avoidance (pa) task that appears less sensitive to deficits in acquisition/retention or activity/spatial perception than are many other pa tasks, and more specifically sensitive to deficits in generation of ... | 1992 | 1594678 |
| analysis of the relationships between self-stimulation sniffing and brain-stimulation sniffing. | determination of current thresholds for self-stimulation and electrically elicited sniffing from electrodes placed into lateral hypothalamic and ventral tegmental areas of rats revealed a tight correlative relationship between the two phenomena (r values of approx 0.9 at both sites). thresholds for sniffing were never higher than those for self-stimulation, while approximately half the animals had higher self-stimulation than sniffing thresholds, suggesting that electrically elicited sniffing ma ... | 1992 | 1594679 |
| supporting health care workers in the treatment of hiv-infected patients. | the care of hiv-infected patients is demanding, raising concerns among health care workers regarding safety, competence, and emotional endurance. many health care workers are reluctant to undertake this challenging work. for many professions within health care, for example nursing, there is a clearly articulated responsibility to treat all ill individuals. less unanimity on this point continues among physicians. clearly, a first issue is to continue the discussion of the nature of physicians' pr ... | 1992 | 1594701 |
| pontine glioma extending to the ipsilateral cavernous sinus and meckel's cave: mr appearance. | the authors describe an exophytic glioma of the pons that grew into the meckel's cave and cavernous sinus in a 75-year-old man. pontine gliomas should be included in the differential diagnosis of a hyperintense, complex cystic mass seen along the distribution of cranial nerve v. | 1992 | 1595473 |
| sequential cranial mr findings of asymptomatic and neurologically symptomatic hiv+ subjects. | to compare results of a prospective mr and clinical reevaluation of hiv+ asymptomatic and neurologically symptomatic subjects who had had initially abnormal cranial studies to determine what cranial mr changes occur and how these changes correlate with serial neurologic and neuropsychologic findings. | 1992 | 1595476 |
| peroxidase-amplified assay of sialidase activity toward gangliosides. | sialidase assays were carried out with the substrate, ganglioside gd1a, coated onto enzyme immunoassay plate wells. following the incubation of gd1a with sialidase from v. cholerae, the amount of ganglioside gm1 produced was measured as follows: cholera toxin b subunit conjugated to horseradish peroxidase was added to specifically bind to gm1, and then the amount of bound peroxidase was determined in a colorimetric enzymatic assay. in the absence of detergent, linearity for the detection of gm1 ... | 1992 | 1595901 |
| selective extracellular release of cholera toxin b subunit by escherichia coli: dissection of neisseria iga beta-mediated outer membrane transport. | the c-terminal domain (iga beta) of the neisseria iga protease precursor is involved in the transport of covalently attached proteins across the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. we investigated outer membrane transport in escherichia coli using fusion proteins consisting of an n-terminal signal sequence for inner membrane transport, the vibrio cholerae toxin b subunit (ctxb) as a passenger and iga beta. the process probably involves two distinct steps: (i) integration of iga beta into t ... | 1992 | 1600950 |
| [diseases caused by non-o1 vibrio cholerae contaminated food]. | | 1992 | 1606871 |
| characterization of borrelia burgdorferi glycoconjugates and surface carbohydrates. | borrelia burgdorferi glycoconjugates with different oligosaccharide structures were characterized by a blotting technique with peroxidase-labelled lectins. the localization of surface carbohydrates was studied using electron microscopy with lectin-gold complexes. a high-mannose glycan structure was detected in 83 kda glycoprotein (major extracellular protein); at least four carbohydrates (glucose or mannose, galactose, n-acetylgalactosamine and n-acetylglucosamine) were present in other borrelia ... | 1992 | 1611204 |
| prostatic hemangiosarcoma in a dog: clinical and pathologic findings. | | 1992 | 1616992 |
| [morbidity caused by industrial accidents in a health zone]. | the aim of the present study is to discover the morbidity produced by workplace accidents among the earning population of molina de segura health area. | 1992 | 1617092 |
| the segregation of a translocation t(1;4) in two male carriers heterozygous for the translocation. | we examined the meiotic segregation pattern of a t(1;4)(p36.2;q31.3) reciprocal translocation in two male cousins heterozygous for the translocation. the wife of subject 1 had four recognized spontaneous abortions and two carrier daughters, and the wife of subject 2 had three recognized spontaneous abortions and no live-born children. the results showed that subject 1 had an imbalance rate of 54% and subject 2 had an imbalance rate of 61% with respect to the translocation. this was not statistic ... | 1992 | 1618491 |
| the segregation of a translocation t(1;4) in two male carriers heterozygous for the translocation. | we examined the meiotic segregation pattern of a t(1;4)(p36.2;q31.3) reciprocal translocation in two male cousins heterozygous for the translocation. the wife of subject 1 had four recognized spontaneous abortions and two carrier daughters, and the wife of subject 2 had three recognized spontaneous abortions and no live-born children. the results showed that subject 1 had an imbalance rate of 54% and subject 2 had an imbalance rate of 61% with respect to the translocation. this was not statistic ... | 1992 | 1618491 |
| high-performance liquid chromatographic method to resolve and determine lipopolysaccharide sub-groups of escherichia coli endotoxin in isolated perfused rat liver perfusate. | a high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for resolving heterogeneous preparations of fluorescently labelled endotoxin derived from escherichia coli (serotype 0111:b4) into separate lipopolysaccharide sub-groups. the endotoxin was chromatographed on an analytical gel permeation column using a mobile phase of acetonitrile (20%, v/v) and 100 mm phosphate buffer (ph 7.75). four fluorescent peaks were resolved, representing sub-groups of markedly different molecular sizes. three ... | 1992 | 1618951 |
| [the cholera epidemic in panama 1991]. | the authors studied the epidemiology of the outbreak of cholera (due to vibrio cholerae 01, inabe serotype) which occurred in panama in 1991, during which 1179 probable cases were reported, with 292 hospitalizations, 29 deaths and 51 confirmed cases. there was an average of 24.7% hospitalizations and a 2.5% mortality. the epidemic involved 21 of 24 "corregimientos' in darién, 2 of 4 in san blas, 5 of 15 in panama east, 3 of 40 in colón and one of 19 in the metropolitan area of panama city. the i ... | 1992 | 1620896 |
| clinical and bacteriological studies of el tor cholera after ingestion of known inocula in thai volunteers. | twenty-six healthy adult thai volunteers were recruited for clinical and bacteriological studies of cholera induced by oral inoculation with vibrio cholerae el tor inaba strain n16961. vibrio dosages of 0.3 x 10(4), 1.6 x 10(5) and 1.9 x 10(6) c.f.u. were given to three groups of five volunteers, and 2.0 x 10(7) c.f.u. to 11 volunteers. diarrhoeal attack rates correlated positively with the size of the inocula (p less than 0.01). it was estimated that a diarrhoeal attack rate of 90% (ed90) would ... | 1992 | 1621412 |
| control of the transmission of vibrio cholerae and other enteropathogens by foods originating from endemic areas in south america and elsewhere as a model situation. | the cholera-pandemic raging in south and middle america and endemic cholera in other countries call for measures of health protection of the local population, but particularly with respect to the young, old, pregnant and immunocompromised citizens of countries importing food from the areas where the disease has struck. instead of harshly barring importation, a more humanitarian policy is recommended, relying on assistance of areas presenting risks, with the introduction of and adherence to rigor ... | 1992 | 1622746 |
| isolation of vibriostatic agent o/129-resistant vibrio cholerae non-o1 from a patient with gastroenteritis. | a strain of vibrio cholerae non-o1 was isolated from a 48-year-old male in california who presented with a chief complaint of watery diarrhea. laboratory investigations of this strain revealed the bacterium to be resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and to the vibriostatic agent o/129 (2,4-diamino-6,7-diisopropylpteridine). | 1992 | 1624583 |
| review of behavior on a disk from cms academic software: instructional programs for teaching teachers. | the programs on boad represent a set of useful simulations and demonstrations of learning phenomena that successfully convey important practical and theoretical information to students. the most successful modules deal with shaping and the selective effect of positive reinforcement on behavior. the range of examples is sufficiently broad to convey the generality of these learning phenomena, but the graphics and particular examples are better suited to the college classroom (for which they were d ... | 1992 | 1626085 |
| [cryptococcosis in aids patients: a study of 19 cases]. | we discuss 19 cases of infection due to cryptococcus neoformans diagnosed in 438 aids patients admitted to our center (4%). fourteen of them showed meningitis confirmed by culture of c. neoformans in csf. clinical features were rather unspecific and disorders in csf parameters were non striking. the diagnostic techniques performed with best results were culture of c. neoformans and antigen determination, especially in serum. survival probability at one year was 75%. treatment response was good. ... | 1992 | 1626090 |
| [current insights on the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory bowel diseases]. | the pathogenesis and etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is poorly understood. as a matter of fact, it is not even certain whether either one is a single entity with different forms of clinical manifestations, or whether each one represents a single clearly separable entity. common features of both diseases are chronic persistence, recurrent exacerbation and remission, the production of autoantibodies, as well as the expression of aberrant hla-class ii molecules on the surface of epithe ... | 1992 | 1626162 |
| [photodynamically induced vitreous liquefaction in vivo]. | photodynamically induced vitreous liquefaction in rabbit eye was investigated. photosensitizer, riboflavine phosphate, was injected into the vitreous cavity of the rabbit before white-light irradiation. after the irradiation (0, 1, 3, 6 hr) the rabbit vitreous body was separated into gel and liquid portions. the liquid vitreous body was weighed, and the vitreous liquefaction percentage was calculated. one hour irradiation caused 38% of liquefaction of the eye; 3 hr, 50% liquefaction; 6 hr, 59% l ... | 1992 | 1626474 |
| evaluation of the bead enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of cholera toxin directly from stool specimens. | a highly sensitive bead enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bead elisa) for detection of cholera toxin (ct) was evaluated for direct detection of ct from stool specimens of patients with acute secretory diarrhea. of the 75 stool samples examined, 59 yielded biochemically, and serologically confirmed strains of vibrio cholerae o1. the bead elisa was positive for ct in stool supernatants in 50 (84.7%) of the 59 samples from which v. cholerae o1 was isolated. in addition, the bead elisa was positive ... | 1992 | 1629335 |
| characterization of a periplasmic thiol:disulfide interchange protein required for the functional maturation of secreted virulence factors of vibrio cholerae. | a number of toxr-regulated genes that encode products required for the biogenesis or function of the toxin-coregulated colonization pilus (tcp) of vibrio cholerae have been identified previously by tnphoa fusions. in this study we have examined the role of the product of one of these genes, tcpg, to which a fusion results in a piliated cell lacking all of the in vivo and in vitro functions associated with tcp. our results show that tcpg is not an ancillary pilus adhesin component as suggested by ... | 1992 | 1631111 |
| [the cholera epidemic in latin america]. | an outbreak of cholera started in peru in january 1991 and spread through most latin american countries within a year. this was the first known epidemic of cholera in america for more than a century. in 1991, 321,334 persons were reported to have cholera in peru, 119,063 were hospitalized, and 2,906 died. other countries like ecuador, colombia, guatemala, brazil, mexico, bolivia, chile, el salvador, venezuela and honduras were also affected, but these countries combined accounted for only 20% of ... | 1992 | 1631846 |
| [hairy cell leukemia successfully treated with 2'-deoxycoformycin following refractoriness to splenectomy and alpha-interferon therapy]. | a 34-year-old man was admitted in may, 1989 because of severe left upper abdominal pain, which was caused by advanced splenomegaly. on initial examinations, peripheral blood showed leukocytosis (13,400/ml) including 60% hairy cell which also infiltrated in bone marrow (64%). the patient was diagnosed as having hairy cell leukemia (japanese type) of b-cell lineage. splenectomy was performed as an initial treatment. the effect of splenectomy was only palliative and transient leukocytosis progresse ... | 1992 | 1635172 |
| total hepatic mesh wrap for hemostasis. | to improve hemostasis and avoid the complications of perihepatic packing, a technique of hepatic tamponade using total mesh wrap is reported. the method is geometrically, technically and mechanically feasible and appears to be effective in controlling severe parenchymatous bleeding. | 1992 | 1636144 |
| atp-sensitive k+ channels mediate an ipsp in dorsal horn neurones elicited by sensory stimulation. | nociceptive dorsal horn neurones, which are involved in the processing of pain-related information, are inhibited by input from vibration-sensitive, large diameter primary sensory fibres (wall and cronly-dillon, 1960; salter and henry, 1990a,b). we have reported previously that the inhibition of spinal nociceptive neurones by vibration is mediated by adenosine acting through p1-purinergic receptors (salter and henry, 1987). in a number of different types of cell, adenosine is known to activate k ... | 1992 | 1636151 |
| [eye infections--a red eye can indicate infection]. | | 1992 | 1636299 |
| epidemiological survey of an outbreak of gastroenteritis in a rural community in oyo state. | this report documents the investigation and control of an outbreak of gastro-enteritis in lagun, oyo state, nigeria. prior to the outbreak which occurred in 1981, there had been epidemics of gastro-enteritis, suspected to be cholera, in various parts of nigeria. the investigations carried out included personal interviews of patients and their contacts, laboratory investigations of faecal specimens and analysis of water samples obtained from the village wells and stream. available evidence indica ... | 1992 | 1637741 |
| adaptive response of vibrio cholerae and escherichia coli to nitrofurantoin. | pretreatment with sublethal doses of nitrofurantoin induced adaptive response in both vibrio cholerae and escherichia coli cells as indicated by their greater resistance to the subsequent challenging doses of the same drug. adaptive response was maximum corresponding to pretreatment drug concentrations of 0.40 microgram/ml and 0.015 microgram/ml respectively for v. cholerae ogawa 154 (wild type) and e. coli k-12 ab 2463 (reca-) cells. adaptive response was inhibited by chloramphenicol (100 micro ... | 1992 | 1639084 |
| synthesis, characterization, and some immunological properties of conjugates composed of the detoxified lipopolysaccharide of vibrio cholerae o1 serotype inaba bound to cholera toxin. | protection against cholera has been correlated with the level of serum vibriocidal antibodies. the specificity of these vibriocidal antibodies was mostly to the lipopolysaccharide (lps). we synthesized conjugates of detoxified lps with cholera toxin (ct) and other proteins in order to elicit serum lps antibodies with vibriocidal activity. treatment with hydrazine (deacylated lps) reduced the endotoxic properties of the lps to clinically acceptable levels and resulted in a molecule larger and mor ... | 1992 | 1639490 |
| identification of a lacz gene in vibrio cholerae. | plasmids that express an enzymatically active beta-galactosidase in an escherichia coli delta lac strain were isolated from libraries of recombinant plasmids containing vibrio cholerae chromosomal dna. deletion analysis localized the gene responsible for beta-galactosidase activity on a 3.1-kb dna fragment, and the gene product was identified as a protein of approximately 110 kda. primary sequence comparisons indicated that this v. cholerae gene is homologous to the e. coli lacz gene. in contras ... | 1992 | 1641510 |
| antibiotic susceptibilities of the vibrionaceae to meropenem and other antimicrobial agents. | the in vitro activity of meropenem was compared with imipenem and other selected antimicrobial agents against 115 isolates from the family vibrionaceae. no resistance was observed with meropenem or imipenem against these isolates. however, meropenem was generally four- to 16-fold more active than imipenem against the aeromonads and vibrio cholerae. meropenem showed excellent in vitro activity against the vibrionaceae and may be useful for eradicating infections produced by these organisms. | 1992 | 1643823 |
| a one-minute oxidase test to detect vibrio strains isolated from cultures on thiosulphate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (tcbs) medium. | vibrio cholerae is oxidase positive, a primary characteristic used to differentiate it from enterobacteriaceae. but false negative oxidase test results have been obtained with colonies from thiosulphate-citrate-bile salts-sucrose (tcbs) agar medium. a rapid oxidase test procedure is described here. this takes 1 min, avoids false negative results and the necessity to grow the bacteria in a general-purpose medium. the bacteria may be recovered after the test and used for further investigations. | 1992 | 1644705 |
| structural analysis of the acfa and acfd genes of vibrio cholerae: effects of dna topology and transcriptional activators on expression. | the vibrio cholerae acfa, b, c, and d genes are involved in the synthesis of a colonization factor; their expression is under the control of toxr, the cholera toxin transcriptional activator. by a combination of southern blot analysis, cloning, and nucleotide sequence analysis, we determined that the acf genes are clustered on a 5-kb region, the acfa and acfd genes are transcribed divergently, and the translation start sites of the two genes are separated by only 173 bp. expression from the acfa ... | 1992 | 1644747 |
| evidence for insertion sequence-mediated spread of the thermostable direct hemolysin gene among vibrio species. | the tdh gene of vibrio parahaemolyticus which encodes the thermostable direct hemolysin has been found in some strains of other vibrio species. analysis of seven tdh genes cloned from v. parahaemolyticus, vibrio mimicus, and non-o1 vibrio cholerae revealed that all tdh genes were flanked by insertion sequence-like elements (collectively named isvs) or related sequences derived from genetic rearrangement of isvs. the isvs possessed 18-bp terminal inverted repeats highly homologous to those of is9 ... | 1991 | 1650342 |
| cyclic amp- and inositol phosphate-independent inhibition of ca2+ influx by cholera toxin in cd3-stimulated jurkat t cells. a study with a cholera toxin-resistant cell variant and the ca2+ endoplasmic reticulum-atpase inhibitor thapsigargin. | in this report, we describe a jurkat cell variant, termed jct8, the selection of which is based upon its resistance to cell-growth inhibition mediated by the holotoxin of vibrio cholerae, cholera toxin (ct). jct8 cells exhibit normal camp production in response to various camp inducers, including ct, together with conserved adp ribosylation in vitro of g-protein gs alpha by the a subunit of the toxin. however, after a 4-h pretreatment with ct, jct8 cells have a conserved expression of cell-surfa ... | 1991 | 1650386 |
| interaction of ganglioside gm1 with the b subunit of cholera toxin modulates growth and differentiation of neuroblastoma n18 cells. | the present study uses the b subunit of cholera toxin, a protein that binds specifically to ganglioside gm1, to examine the role of endogenous gm1 in the process of growth and differentiation of mouse neuroblastoma n18 cells. binding of the b subunit to neuroblastoma n18 cells inhibited dna synthesis with concomitant induction of differentiation. the b subunit induced pronounced morphological changes: an increase in neurite outgrowth with branched neurites and spinelike processes. the distinct m ... | 1991 | 1651376 |
| analysis of two genes encoding heat-labile toxins and located on a single ent plasmid from escherichia coli. | a clinical isolate of escherichia coli harbored two copies of the heat-labile toxin (lt)-encoding gene (elt) on a 157-kb plasmid. the arrangement of the gene copies is different from the cholera toxin-encoding gene duplication described for some strains of vibrio cholerae. the nucleotide sequences of the elt alleles are not identical (differing by 2 bp) and the duplicated region flanking the alleles extends 314 bp on one side and 1122 bp on the other side of each copy. different partial copies o ... | 1991 | 1652542 |
| regulation of leukotriene b4 generation from human polymorphonuclear granulocytes after stimulation with formyl-methionyl-leucyl phenylalanine: effects of pertussis and cholera toxins. | the effects of holotoxins and toxin subunits from bordetella pertussis and vibrio cholerae strains on intact and digitonin-permeabilized human polymorphonuclear neutrophils were studied. our data clearly demonstrate that formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlp)-induced generation of chemotactic active leukotriene b4 was inhibited by both holotoxins as well as by their isolated enzymatic a protomers. in contrast, the respective binding components (b oligomers) did not affect leukotriene forma ... | 1991 | 1652558 |
| [use of transposons for studying the genetic organization of vibrio cholerae non 01]. | the nonagglutinating vibrions having tn-elements inserted into the chromosome were obtained as a result of conjugal transfer of vector plasmids carrying the different transposons (tn9, tn10, tn601, tn5-mob) and of the consequent isolation of plasmid-free clones of vibrio cholerae non oi. identification of auxotrophic mutations induced by the transposons inserted into the bacterial genome made possible the construction of the primary chromosomal map of vibrio cholerae non oi. the efficient donor ... | 1991 | 1654521 |
| non-0:1 vibrio cholerae bacteremia: a case report and literature review. | we reported a case of non-0:1 group vibrio cholerae septicemia with myelodysplatic syndrome in taiwan. we also reviewed the other 22 reported cases of non-0:1 vibrion cholerae septicemia found in the literature regarding its pathogenesis and treatment. the case mortality rate of these 23 cases was 47.8%. most of them had immunocompromised diseases, particularly liver cirrhosis and hematologic malignancy. therefore, the most important factor is the host defense. the cholera-like enterotoxin and e ... | 1991 | 1657343 |
| gene transfer in enteric bacteria through the formation of r-prime plasmids by an rp4: :mini-mu element. | gene transfer in seven pathogenic enteric bacteria was studied using an rp4: :mini-mu element, the plasmid pulb113. from the e. coli k-12 host strain the plasmid could be efficiently transferred to these enteric bacteria, but its transfer back to e. coli k-12 was not as efficient, being detected only in shigella dysenteriae 1, s. flexneri and the 'smooth' variant of s. sonnei. in these three species, transposition of chromosomal fragments into the plasmid to produce r-prime plasmid was also dete ... | 1991 | 1661362 |
| chemical structure of the 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate (kdo) region of the lipopolysaccharide isolated from o1 vibrio cholerae nih 4ir (ogawa). | the chemical structure of the 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate (kdo) region of the lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated from o1 v. cholerae nih 41r (ogawa) was elucidated by dephosphorylation, periodate oxidation and methylation analysis. methylation analysis of kdo in the dephosphorylated lps revealed the presence of 5-o-acetyl-1,2,4,6,7,8-hexa-o-methyl-3-deoxy-octitol and 2-keto-3-deoxy-heptulosonic acid was detected in the methanolysate of the periodate-oxidized and dephosphorylated lps. these results ind ... | 1991 | 1661365 |
| [antibiotic sensitivity of el tor vibrio cholerae after exposure to various pesticides and mineral fertilizers]. | the strains of el tor vibrio cholerae were exposed to different concentrations of pesticides (fazolone, treflane, prometrine, magnesium chlorate, omait and gardon) and mineral fertilizers (superphosphate, ammophos and carbamide) for 2 to 135 days. the subcultures of various ages were tested for their sensitivity to 16 antibiotics. the whole of 229 cultures were tested. there was a general tendency to lowering of the el tor vibrio sensitivity to the majority of the antibiotics tested. the vibrio ... | 1991 | 1661574 |
| purification and properties of dna gyrase from vibrio cholerae. | the dna gyrase was purified from vibrio cholerae strain 569b. it appeared to be composed of two subunits of mr 120,000 and 97,000 and had a great deal of similarity to the escherichia coli gyrase. unlike the e. coli enzyme, however, it could neither relax supercoiled dna nor induce a cleavage of double-stranded dna, under experimental conditions in which e. coli gyrase could do so. | 1991 | 1662488 |
| structure and function of inositol trisphosphate receptors. | inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (ins(1,4,5)p3) is a soluble intracellular messenger formed rapidly after activation of a variety of cell-surface receptors that stimulate phosphoinositidase c activity. the initial response to ins(1,4,5)p3 is a rapid ca2+ efflux from nonmitochondrial intracellular stores which are probably specialized subcompartments of the endoplasmic reticulum, although their exact identities remain unknown. this initial response is followed by more complex ca2+ signals: regenerati ... | 1991 | 1663251 |
| research priorities for diarrhoeal disease vaccines: memorandum from a who meeting. | diarrhoeas caused by rotaviruses, shigella, vibrio cholerae, and enterotoxigenic escherichia coli (etec) represent a major health burden in developing countries, and have stimulated much effort towards vaccine development in order to protect against these four disease agents. this memorandum describes the state of the art and points the way to future research and test trials in this area. | 1991 | 1664785 |
| regulation of the mouse mammary tumor virus (mmtv) binding site in cultured mammary tissue. | the mouse mammary tumor virus (mmtv) initiates infection when the envelope protein, gp52, binds to a cell surface protein and triggers internalization. the hormonal regulation of this protein was studied both in vitro and in vivo. in mammary gland explant culture, levels of the mmtv binding protein were maintained only when prolactin was present in the medium. the further addition of progesterone induced levels to 164% of controls, while estradiol was without effect. these results were reproduce ... | 1991 | 1665450 |
| [immunocytochemical detection of creatine kinase isoenzymes (ck bb) in human cerebral cortex]. | the localization of creatine phosphokinase-bb (cpk-bb) in the neocortex of persons without mental pathology, who died of cardiovascular diseases (n-15) was investigated immunocytochemically. it has been found that there are several differences in the visualization of cpk-bb in neurons and astrocytes under various conditions of autopsy material treatment. the data obtained may attest to the existence of the immunochemically different forms of cpk-bb in the human brain. the appropriate conditions ... | 1991 | 1665650 |
| vibrio cholerae o1 el tor inaba. | | 1991 | 1669889 |
| non-o1 vibrio cholerae gastroenteritis and bacteraemia. | | 1991 | 1672411 |
| biotype as determinant of natural immunising effect of cholera. | to test the hypothesis that clinical vibrio cholerae o1 infections protect against recurrent cholera, treated cholera episodes in a rural bangladesh population of 188,153 people who were followed between 1985 and 1988 were analysed. of the 2214 people with initial episodes of cholera, 7 had a second episode. the incidence of cholera was 61% lower in subjects who had had an earlier episode than in those without such an episode. whereas initial episodes of classical cholera were associated with co ... | 1991 | 1672971 |
| cardiac electrophysiologic effects of adaprolol maleate, a new beta-blocker, in closed chest dogs. | adaprolol maleate (adaprolol) is a new beta-adrenergic receptor blocker. the cardiac electrophysiologic characteristics and the duration of action of adaprolol were studied in intact anesthetized dogs. the electrophysiologic parameters were evaluated before drug administration and 10 min after the administration of maintenance infusion of adaprolol (n = 5). the duration of action was measured during constant infusion of isoproterenol, giving the adaprolol as a single i.v. bolus in different conc ... | 1991 | 1673212 |
| cardiac electrophysiologic effects of adaprolol maleate, a new beta-blocker, in closed chest dogs. | adaprolol maleate (adaprolol) is a new beta-adrenergic receptor blocker. the cardiac electrophysiologic characteristics and the duration of action of adaprolol were studied in intact anesthetized dogs. the electrophysiologic parameters were evaluated before drug administration and 10 min after the administration of maintenance infusion of adaprolol (n = 5). the duration of action was measured during constant infusion of isoproterenol, giving the adaprolol as a single i.v. bolus in different conc ... | 1991 | 1673212 |