| outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 8 in a montreal hotel. | | 1997 | 9401156 |
| characterization of two restriction endonucleases, senpt14bi and senpt16i, in standard phage-type strains of salmonella enteritidis. | two restriction endonucleases (enases) were found by screening 38 standard phage strains of salmonella (s.) enteritidis. an isoschizomer of sacii enase that recognizes the sequence 5'-ccgc/gg-3' was identified in s. enteritidis pt14b, and an isoschizomer of xmaiii enase (5'-c/ggccg-3') was found in s. enteritidis pt16. it is of special interest that the recognition specificities of all known enases in salmonella, including those of the s. enteritidis enases, are very similar to each other. | 1997 | 9401735 |
| nontyphoidal salmonella intracranial infections in hiv-infected patients. | salmonella focal intracranial infections are unusual in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-infected patients. six such infections have been reported in the world literature. we report a case of salmonella subdural and epidural cerebral empyema with concomitant osteomyelitis of the frontal bone. such a complication in the course of salmonellosis is reported for the first time. in previously published case reports, four patients had brain abscess and two had subdural empyema. salmonella typhimuriu ... | 1997 | 9402368 |
| amplification of rfbe and flic genes by polymerase chain reaction for identification and detection of salmonella serovar enteritidis, dublin and gallinarum-pullorum. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) primers for o9 antigen (rfbe) and phase 1 flagellin antigen (flic) were designed for the rapid identification and detection of salmonella serovar enteritidis and dublin. the rfbe primer pairs selectively amplified the rfbe region of group o9 salmonella serovars. the flic primer pairs amplified the dnas of g,m and g,p-type flagellar antigen; salmonella serovar enteritidis, dublin, and essen. however, dna from flagellar-negative salmonella serovar gallinarum-pulloru ... | 1997 | 9403503 |
| direct detection by pcr of escherichia coli o157 and enteropathogens in patients with bloody diarrhea. | direct detection of escherichia coli o157 and foodborne pathogens associated with bloody diarrhea were achieved using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) after the preparation of dna from stool specimens using the microspin technique. pcr was compared with cultivation and toxin production tests with respect to the efficiency of detection of each pathogen; e. coli o157, vibrio parahaemolyticus, salmonella serovar enteritidis and campylobacter jejuni. detection of some or all of the above pathogens in ... | 1997 | 9403509 |
| cardiac conduction abnormalities preceding transoesophageal echocardiographic evidence of perivalvar extension of infection in a case of salmonella prosthetic valve endocarditis. | a 59 year old african-american man developed complete heart block in association with salmonella enteritidis prosthetic valve endocarditis. severe cardiac conduction abnormalities signalled the presence of perivalvar extension of infection before development of evidence of abscess by transoesophageal echocardiography. cardiac conduction temporarily returned after debridement and aortic homograft placement. this case emphasises the value of electrocardiographic monitoring in the detection of peri ... | 1997 | 9404262 |
| growth, survival and characterization of cspa in salmonella enteritidis following cold shock. | salmonella enteritidis is a major foodborne microbial pathogen that can grow and survive at low temperatures for a considerable period of time. increased survival was evidenced from a frozen s. enteritidis culture when treated at 10 degrees c prior to freezing. western blot analysis with escherichia coli cspa antibody and analysis of radiolabeled proteins from s. enteritidis cultures after cold shock at 10 degrees c and 5 degrees c showed increased expression of a 7.4-kda major cold shock protei ... | 1998 | 9405743 |
| pulmonary coinfection by salmonella enteritidis and pneumocystis carinii in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. | | 1997 | 9405954 |
| antigen-presenting cells (apc) of mice with chronic graft-versus-host disease (gvhd) cause excessive activation-induced death of t helper cells. | both experimental and clinical forms of chronic gvhd have unique immunological features. the affected animals/individuals suffer from autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (sle), and yet they are unable to mount a self mhc-restricted t cell response to foreign antigens. pathogenesis of the latter phenomenon was investigated in an experimental model of chronic gvhd. chronic gvhd was induced in 8-10-week-old (b6xc3h)f1 mice by tail vein injection of 5 x 10(7) spleen cells of c3 ... | 1997 | 9409651 |
| [study of stability of the avirulent phenotype and ability to the limited persistence in the mice of the avirulent mutant of salmonella enteritidis]. | | 1997 | 9410176 |
| risks for bacteremia and urinary tract infections in young febrile children with bronchiolitis. | to compare the risks for bacteremia and urinary tract injections (uti) in young febrile children with and without bronchiolitis. | 1997 | 9412595 |
| salmonella gastroenteritis outbreak among workers from a tertiary care hospital in mexico city. | to describe an outbreak of salmonella gastroenteritis among employees of the national institute of nutrition (innsz) of mexico city during july, 1994. | 1997 | 9428187 |
| salmonella outbreak in an american child development center in germany. | in july 1993, an outbreak of salmonella occurred in a u.s. army child care center in heidelberg, germany. sixteen children and 4 staff members had confirmed positive cultures; the center had an average census of 135 children during the time of the outbreak. rectal swabs were done on all the children in rooms with symptomatic children or staff or in rooms with confirmed cases. a total of 246 rectal swabs was done initially, with 216 representing paired specimens. a case was defined as a staff mem ... | 1997 | 9433081 |
| leucine metabolism in tnf-alpha- and endotoxin-treated rats: contribution of hepatic tissue. | the effects of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha; cachectin) and lipopolysaccharide of salmonella enteritidis (lps; endotoxin) on leucine metabolism in rats were evaluated in the whole body using intravenous infusion of l-[1-14c]leucine and in isolated perfused liver (ipl) using the single-pass perfusion technique with alpha-keto[1-14c]isocaproate as a tracer for measurement of ketoisocaproic acid (kic) oxidation, and the recirculation technique for measurement of hepatic amino acid exchang ... | 1997 | 9435518 |
| [fiessinger-leroy-reiter syndrome and salmonella enteritidis]. | | 1997 | 9436503 |
| salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 in ontario. | | 1997 | 9439043 |
| correlation of susceptibility and resistance of twenty-five bacterial strains by analysis of mic database of cephalosporins and oxacephalosporins | mic database of 1,407 cephalosporins and oxacephalosporins was utilized to characterize 25 bacterial strains including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. mic values were converted to activity rank indices, and distribution patterns of these indices were compared among the bacterial strains. salmonella enteritidis no. 11 was the most susceptible bacterium, and the activity against this strain was ascribed to the binding of beta-lactams to the pbps without any significant barrier to the app ... | 1997 | 9439696 |
| [prevalence of salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium in laying hen flocks battery and on floor housing. comparative studies using bacteriological and serological demonstration methods]. | the prevalence of salmonella (s.) enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium is described in 34 flocks of laying chickens. in an attempt to detect the rate of infection comparative bacteriological and serological methods were employed. by cultural methods 47.0% of the floor flocks and 35.3% of the battery flocks were s.e. or s. tm. infected. the same tendency was established with the bommeli elisa. flocks on floor were positive in 64.7% and flocks in batteries were positive in 47.0%. both methods--b ... | 1997 | 9441049 |
| evaluation of oral, subcutaneous, and nasal administration of salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines on the potentiation of a protective heterophilic inflammatory response to salmonella enteritidis in day-old chickens. | we have previously reported that the prophylactic administration of factor(s) from t-cell supernatants derived from salmonella enteritidis-immune chickens (ilk) have a favorable effect in controlling or eliminating salmonellosis in neonatal poultry. experimentally, we have used the intraperitoneal injection as the standard method of administering ilk to neonatal poultry. however, this method is neither easy, practical, nor economical for the poultry industry. in the present study, we evaluated t ... | 1998 | 9442936 |
| [deep wound infection with salmonella enteritidis following osteosynthesis]. | a 43-year old man with alcohol abuse had septicaemia with salmonella enteritidis. after osteosynthesis of an intertrochanteric femoral fracture he developed a deep wound infection with salmonella enteritidis. the patient was treated with surgical debridement and antibiotics. as a consequence of alcohol abuse the patient may have had a predisposing immunosuppression, and infection with salmonella enteritidis should be considered in case of postoperative infection in these patients. | 1997 | 9446267 |
| postantibiotic effects and postantibiotic sub-mic effects of ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin and amikacin on the biological properties of salmonella strains. | the postantibiotic effect (pae) and the postantibiotic sub-mic effect (pasme) of ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin and amikacin were studied for salmonella typhimurium and s. enteritidis strains. pae was induced by 2 x and 4 x mic of antibiotics studied for 0.5 h. after pae and pasme their effect on prophage induction of a lysogenic s. typhimurium strain and on congo red binding for both strains as a marker of their surface hydrophobicity was examined. the longest pae was found after treatment with cipr ... | 1997 | 9449780 |
| expression of sef17 fimbriae by salmonella enteritidis. | specific immunological reagents were used to investigate the expression of sef17 fimbriae by cultured strains of salmonella enteritidis. most strains of salm. enteritidis tested expressed sef17 when cultured at temperatures of 18-30 degrees c. however, two wild-type strains produced sef17 when also grown at 37 degrees c and 42 degrees c. colonization factor antigen agar was the optimum medium for sef17 expression, whereas drigalski and sensitest agars poorly supported sef17 production. very fine ... | 1997 | 9449861 |
| pulmonary surfactant proteins a and d are involved in the early response to intratracheally aerosolized lipopolysaccharide. | | 1997 | 9450084 |
| bacteriological and serological investigation of persistent salmonella enteritidis infection in an integrated poultry organisation. | bacteriological monitoring of broiler breeder farms, the hatchery, rendering plant and animal feed mill during 1991 identified a number of potential cross-contamination hazards, such as the use of processed poultry proteins in the company feed mill and contamination of egg trolleys and trays, which may have led to widespread dissemination of salmonella enteritidis within an integrated poultry organisation. serological monitoring of the flocks suggested that, in most cases, substantial exposure t ... | 1997 | 9453137 |
| efficacy of a live avirulent salmonella typhimurium vaccine in preventing colonization and invasion of laying hens by salmonella typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis. | an avirulent live delta cya delta crp salmonella typhimurium strain chi 3985 that precludes colonization and invasion of chickens by homologous and heterologous salmonella serotypes was evaluated for its long-term protection efficacy. chickens vaccinated orally at 2 and 4 wk of age were assessed for protection against oral challenge with wild-type s. typhimurium and salmonella enteritidis strains at 3, 6, 9, and 12 mo of age. a comparison of salmonella isolation from vaccinated and nonvaccinated ... | 1997 | 9454910 |
| a functional homolog of escherichia coli nhar in vibrio cholerae. | escherichia coli nhar controls expression of a sodium/proton (na+/h+) antiporter, nhaa. the vibrio cholerae nhar protein shows over 60% identity to those of escherichia coli and salmonella enteritidis. v. cholerae nhar complements an e. coli nhar mutant for growth in 100 mm licl-33 mm nacl, ph 7.6, and enhances the na+-dependent induction of an e. coli chromosomal nhaa::lacz fusion. these findings indicate functional homology to e. coli nhar. two v. cholerae nhar mutants were constructed by usin ... | 1998 | 9457888 |
| [an outbreak of salmonellosis in the city of zelenograd]. | | 1997 | 9460886 |
| invasion and persistence of salmonella in human fibroblasts positive or negative for endogenous hla b27. | analysis of the interaction of enteropathogenic bacteria with hla b27 transfected murine fibroblasts showed a specific influence of hla b27 on microbial invasiveness. this possible novel mechanism for the action of hla b27 should be verified by using endogenous hla b27 positive and negative human fibroblasts as a model for the direct interaction of arthritogenic bacteria and host cells. | 1997 | 9462170 |
| serological response of patients infected with salmonella typhi. | to evaluate a rapid immunoblotting procedure for providing evidence of infection with salmonella typhi using 73 sera from patients infected with s typhi. | 1997 | 9462246 |
| biphasic thermal inactivation kinetics in salmonella enteritidis pt4. | the thermal inactivation kinetics of salmonella enteritidis pt4 between 49 and 60 degrees c were investigated. using procedures designed to eliminate methodological artifacts, we found that the death kinetics deviated from the accepted model of first-order inactivation. when we used high-density stationary-phase populations and sensitive enumeration, the survivor curves at 60 degrees c were reproducibly biphasic. the decimal reduction time at 60 degrees c (d60 degrees c) of the tail subpopulatio ... | 1998 | 9464380 |
| problems of microbial zoonoses in hungary. (a review). | hungarian data of 36 zoonotic diseases are summarized. these illnesses cause problems not only for health, public health and veterinary health services but for the society and their importance has increased. changing character of an old pathogen (salmonella enteritidis pt4) resulted in new epidemiological situation. the number of cases of food-borne zoonotic diseases has rapidly grown. the number of pets has elevated and in consequence the possibility of an infection of owners, breaders, sellers ... | 1997 | 9468725 |
| research notes: immunohistochemical observations in the ceca of chickens infected with salmonella enteritidis phage type four. | one-day-old specific-pathogen-free white leghorn chicks were inoculated orally with salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 to study adhesion and invasion of the ceca by immunohistochemistry. positive staining bacilli were associated with the epithelial surface and were present in the lumen of the cecal crypts. they were observed in the interstitial tissue and in the cytoplasm of macrophage-like cells in the lamina propria. a granulomatous nodule containing positive staining bacilli was present in t ... | 1998 | 9469754 |
| trna(arg) (fimu) and expression of sef14 and sef21 in salmonella enteritidis. | a tn10 insertion affecting sef14 fimbrial synthesis in salmonella enteritidis was located 13 bp upstream of a gene designated fimu. the 77-bp dna sequence of fimu from s. enteritidis was identical to that of fimu encoding trna(arg) (ucu) from salmonella typhimurium and 96% identical to that of the escherichia coli argu homolog. furthermore, the open reading frame adjacent to and overlapping the 3' end of fimu was similar to the prophage dlp12 integrase gene. the fimu-encoded transcript comigrate ... | 1998 | 9473037 |
| pharmacodynamic parameters of gentamicin and their effect on biological properties of gram-negative bacteria. | the in vitro postantibiotic effect (pae) and the postantibiotic effect of subinhibitory concentrations (pa sme) of gentamicin were investigated on clinical isolates of salmonella typhimurium, salmonella enteritidis and pseudomonas aeruginosa. the pae was induced by 2 x mic and 4 x mic of gentamicin for 0.5 h. the pa sme were studied by the addition of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 x mic during the postantibiotic phase of the bacteria. the s. enteritidis strain did no regrow after affecting of supra-subinhibi ... | 1998 | 9476260 |
| analysis of splenic and thymic lymphocyte subpopulations in chickens infected with salmonella enteritidis. | lymphocytes expressing cd3, cd4, cd8, pan lymphocyte, iga, igg and igm cell surface antigens were assessed by in the spleen and thymus of chickens following infection with salmonella enteritidis using flow cytometric analysis. at 6 days post primary infection and 2 days post secondary infection with s. enteritidis, the percentages of iga+ and igm+ lymphocytes in the spleen were significantly increased (p < 0.05). at 2 days post secondary infection with s. enteritidis, the percentage of cd4+ t ly ... | 1997 | 9477484 |
| salmonella enteriditis infection in a guinea pig. | | 1998 | 9481849 |
| laboratory investigations in the diagnosis of septicaemia and malaria. | during a three month prospective study, 229 in-patients with fever, admitted to st. mary's hospital, mumias, were examined for bacterial and malarial causes of fever. blood cultures taken from patients appeared to contain true pathogens in 51 (22%) cases. nine different bacterial species were identified from positive blood cultures of which four predominated: salmonella typhi (46%), streptococcus pneumoniae (19%), salmonella enteritidis (12%), salmonella typhimurium (8%). s. enteritidis and s. t ... | 1997 | 9487395 |
| protection of mice previously infected with plasmodium vinckei against subsequent salmonella enteritidis infection is associated with nitric oxide production capacity. | when mice previously cured of a plasmodium vinckei infection were subsequently infected with salmonella enteritidis the course of bacterial infection was significantly retarded, showing increased survival duration as compared with control infections in naive mice. moreover, on stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and/or interferon-gamma, spleen cells from malaria-cured mice showed an increased capacity to produce tumor necrosis factor, interleukin 6, and reactive nitrogen intermediates as compare ... | 1998 | 9491429 |
| [detection of salmonella enteritidis in suspected flocks of laying hens]. | 60 birds and environmental samples from 41 suspect flocks (s. enteritidis in faeces or litter, positive serology, close connection with human cases) were investigated to define material and minimal number of birds for detection of infection. s. enteritidis was found in 26/41 (63%) flocks with marked differences in prevalence. s. enteritidis was isolated from ovary (96% of positive flocks), oviduct and liver (87%), spleen (83%), caecal contents (50%) and faeces from the litter floor (57%), but ne ... | 1998 | 9492578 |
| effect of genetics, vaccine dosage, and postvaccination sampling interval on early antibody response to salmonella enteritidis vaccine in broiler breeder chicks. | broiler breeder chicks of two different genetic lines were evaluated for early antibody response to salmonella enteritidis (se) vaccine. antibody responses to three dosages of se vaccine administered at 22 d of age were measured at 3, 6, and 10 d postvaccination. within each line, antibody levels at 10 d postvaccination were significantly higher than at either 3 or 6 d postvaccination. at all vaccine dosages, there was a significant antibody-response difference between the genetic lines at 6 and ... | 1998 | 9495492 |
| [salmonella enteritidis, an emergent pathogen in chile]. | salmonella enteritidis infections have increased worldwide in the last years. isolation of this pathogen was remarkably rare in chile until 1994, when the still ongoing outbreak emerged. | 1997 | 9497575 |
| a foodborne outbreak of salmonella enteritidis vehicled by duck and hen eggs in southern italy. | a foodborne outbreak of salmonella enteritidis pt4 is described. this microrganism was detected in a home-made dessert, in the duck and hen eggs used for its preparation and in faecal samples of six persons involved in the outbreak. pcr ribotyping revealed that all the strains shared a profile of s. enteritidis never previously identified in southern italy and quite different from that of the strains simultaneously isolated in the same geographic area. the possible identification of a clonal var ... | 1998 | 9497935 |
| development of thermal inactivation models for salmonella enteritidis and escherichia coli o157:h7 with temperature, ph and nacl as controlling factors. | the thermal inactivation of salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 and escherichia coli o157:h7 as affected by temperature (54.5-64.5 degrees c), ph (4.2-9.6 with hcl or naoh) and nacl concentration (0.5-8.5% w/w) was studied. cell suspensions in modified tryptone soya broth were heated in a submerged-coil heating apparatus and survivors were enumerated on tryptone soya agar incubated aerobically. for most thermal inactivation data there was a logarithmic decrease in the viable cell concentration o ... | 1997 | 9498135 |
| [salmonella septicemia disclosing systemic lupus erythematosus]. | | 1997 | 9500007 |
| epidemiology and control of egg-associated salmonella enteritidis in the united states of america. | the isolation rate for salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis (se) in humans in the united states of america (usa) increased from 1,207 sporadic isolates identified in 1976 (0.6 isolates/100,000 population) to 10,201 identified in 1995 (4.0/100,000 population). the proportion of reported salmonella isolates which were se increased from 5% to 25% during the same time period. in 1990, 1994, and 1995, se was the most commonly reported reported salmonella serotype in the usa. much of this increase ... | 1997 | 9501367 |
| failure of ciprofloxacin therapy for invasive nontyphoidal salmonellosis. | | 1998 | 9502506 |
| a survey of salmonella enteritidis in spent hens and its relation to farming style in hokkaido, japan. | in order to estimate the distribution of salmonella including salmonella enteritidis (se) and se-antibodies in commercial layer hen flocks in hokkaido, the northern prefecture of japan, a survey of spent layer hens was performed, from august 1996 to january 1997. from the three spent hen processing plants, samples of intestines and sera were collected from 740 birds presented for slaughter from 37 flocks of 22 layer hen farms. intestines from each birds were cultured for salmonella including sal ... | 1997 | 9506274 |
| discrimination of strains of salmonella enteritidis with differing levels of virulence by an in vitro glass adherence test. | the objective of this study was the in vitro differentiation of isolates of salmonella enteritidis whose virulences differed in a chick model. a total of 14 strains of s. enteritidis were isolated from either the environment, dairy products, or infected patients. the isolates could be divided into two groups on the basis of their virulence (50% lethal dose) in chickens infected intraperitoneally. when the strains were incubated in adherence test medium (spanish patent 9700408), only the virulent ... | 1998 | 9508294 |
| rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure associated with salmonella enteritidis bacteremia. | | 1998 | 9509490 |
| evaluation of the influence of supplementing the diet with mannose or palm kernel meal on salmonella colonisation in poultry. | 1. the dietary inclusion of 15 and 25 g/kg mannose was associated with a reduction in the numbers of salmonella enteritidis (pt4) in the caecal contents of chicks challenged by the food. the same benefit was not recorded for s. infantis, possibly because this strain, unlike s. enteritidis pt4, lacked mannose-sensitive fimbriae. 2. the addition of 25 g/kg palm kernel meal (pkm), but not 20 g/kg desiccated coconut, to the food reduced the degree of salmonella colonisation in the intestinal tract o ... | 1997 | 9510991 |
| improved allelic exchange vectors and their use to analyze 987p fimbria gene expression. | a series of vectors has been developed to provide improved positive and negative selection for allelic exchange. based on homologous regions of dna ranging in size from less than 200 bp to over 1 kb, we have successfully used these new plasmids to introduce or remove markers in chromosomal or plasmid dna. wild type fimbria genes were replaced both in salmonella enteritidis (sefa, agfa and fimc) and escherichia coli (fasa and fash). regulation of 987p fimbriation could be identified after replace ... | 1998 | 9511756 |
| occurrence of salmonella enteritidis phage type 21 in tyrol. | | 1998 | 9524735 |
| [salmonellosis. detection, control, prevention]. | | 1997 | 9527600 |
| outbreak of salmonella enteritidis gastroenteritis: investigation by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) was used to investigate an outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by salmonella enteritidis. the outbreak occurred among university undergraduates who consumed contaminated food. | 1998 | 9531664 |
| effects of heterophil adaptation on salmonella enteritidis fecal shedding and egg contamination. | serial passage of wild-type salmonella enteritidis (se) in chicken heterophils resulted in decreased shedding of se in chicken feces and reduced egg contamination. when serially heterophil-passaged strains (heterophil-adapted se [hase]) were given to groups of 12 or more laying hens in drinking water at a dose of 10(8) colony-forming units for 3 consecutive days, the inoculum persisted in the feces at low frequency for a few days only. two challenge wild-type strains, given in similar manner, pe ... | 1998 | 9533075 |
| airborne horizontal transmission of salmonella enteritidis in molted laying chickens. | salmonella enteritidis is currently thought to be transmitted principally through contact with infected individuals and ingestion of fecally contaminated materials. the present study was undertaken to determine if s. enteritidis could be spread in chickens by the airborne route and if induced molting could affect this mode of transmission. to test for airborne transmission, hens were placed in two rows of cages, the rows separated from each other by 1 m. one row of hens was challenged with s. en ... | 1998 | 9533080 |
| a survey for salmonella by drag swabbing manure piles in california egg ranches. | a cross-sectional study was conducted between august 1995 and november 1996. sixty california egg-producing ranches were chosen at random; 39 ranches agreed to participate in the study. the surface of the manure pile in one house on each ranch was sampled by drag swabbing. the drag swabs were tested for salmonella using a most probable number procedure that had a detection level of one to five salmonella per drag swab. in 12 ranches (32.4%), the drag swabs were negative for salmonella; the remai ... | 1998 | 9533082 |
| identification of a novel salmonella invasion locus homologous to shigella ipgde. | genes essential for salmonella typhimurium invasion have been localized to salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (spi1) on the chromosome. however, it is clear that other genes are required for the invasion process. mutations that abolish the spi1 invasion type iii secretion system do not significantly reduce invasion into chinese hamster ovary tissue culture cells. two invasion defective mutants were isolated by screening 2,500 tn10dtc insertion mutants of s. typhimurium in the tissue culture invas ... | 1998 | 9537377 |
| bacterial toxin-induced pulmonary epithelial cytotoxicity and the protective effect of dibutyryl-camp. | bacterial infection is the most common cause of the adult respiratory distress syndrome which, in turn is associated with endothelial capillary permeability and alveolar oedema. previously, we have demonstrated the direct cytotoxicity of the bacterial toxins pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin a (exo a) and salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (lps) on pulmonary endothelial cells. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of exo a and lps on pulmonary epithelial cells in vitro. we ... | 1998 | 9540293 |
| [abscess of the psoas muscle: analysis of 11 cases and review of the literature]. | abscess of the psoas muscle (ap) is an infrequent disease of difficult diagnosis, developing spontaneously (primary ap) or by extension of a subjacent infection (secondary ap). in recent years changes have been observed in its etiology, advances in its diagnosis and modifications in the treatment schedules. | 1998 | 9542304 |
| epidemiological analysis of salmonella enteritidis isolates from humans and broiler chickens in thailand by phage typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | to determine the phage types (pt) of salmonella enteritidis found in thailand and to clarify the potential for human infection by s. enteritidis in broiler chicken meat, human and poultry isolates taken from thailand between 1990 and 1997 were phage typed and analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). ten different pt were found among the 302 isolates phage typed, with pt 4 being the most frequent in human (73.9%) and poultry (76.2%) isolates, followed by pt 1 (8.0%), 8 (3.6%), and 7a ... | 1998 | 9542918 |
| [febrile state, bloody diarrhea and megacolon]. | we report about a forty year old female patient with severe bloody diarrhoea and fever over a period of 14 days due to an infection with salmonella enteritidis. x-ray of the abdomen showed a toxic megacolon. with the diagnosis of an infectious colitis we started therapy with ciprofloxacin i/v. the toxic megacolon progressed despite intensive care and parenteral nutrition. additionally the patient received metronidazole i/v and in combination with a roll technique in bed in the knee-elbow-positio ... | 1998 | 9545836 |
| dibutyryl camp inhibits endotoxin-induced increases in pulmonary vascular resistance and fluid filtration coefficient in the perfused rat lung. | we investigated the effects of pre-treatment with dibutyryl camp (db-camp) or cgmp on endotoxin-induced hemodynamic changes and pulmonary vascular permeability in isolated perfused rat lungs. intraperitoneal injection of salmonella enteritidis endotoxin (2 mg/kg) caused increases in pulmonary arterial resistance (ra) after venous reservoir elevation, in pulmonary filtration coefficient (kf) and in lung wet-to-dry (w/d) weight ratio. pre-treatment with db-camp blocked endotoxin-induced increases ... | 1997 | 9549827 |
| characterisation of epitopes of type 1 fimbriae of salmonella using monoclonal antibodies specific for sef21 fimbriae of salmonella enteritidis. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were used to identify and characterise epitopes of type 1 (sef21) fimbriae of salmonella enteritidis. the distribution of the epitopes among salmonellas and other enterobacteria was investigated, as well as the influence of growth media and temperatures on their expression. at least four different epitope clusters were identified on sef21 fimbriae of s. enteritidis. two of these clusters were associated with fimbrial haemagglutinins that were either common to all sal ... | 1998 | 9549856 |
| [salmonella enteritidis infected false aneurysm of the superficial femoral artery in an hiv seropositive patient]. | in the course of an infection with human immunodeficiency virus, a large variety of complications affecting all organ systems can occur. however, complications affecting the vascular system demanding surgical intervention are rare. in the case presented we report a 67-year-old hiv-seropositive patient who underwent surgery for a huge abscess in the thigh. intraoperatively unexpectedly we found a mycotic aneurysm of the femoral superficial artery and the causactive bacterium proved to be salmonel ... | 1998 | 9551271 |
| inhibition of listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enteriditis by combinations of plant oils and derivatives of benzoic acid: the development of synergistic antimicrobial combinations. | this study describes inhibitory properties of combinations of oil of fennel, oil of anise or oil of basil with either benzoic acid or methyl-paraben against listeria monocytogenes and salmonella enteriditis. micro-organisms were cultured at 37 degrees c in broth and viable counts measured over a 48-h period. s. enteriditis was particularly sensitive to inhibition by a combination of oil of anise, fennel or basil with methyl-paraben where there was < 10 cfu/ml after 1 h. l. monocytogenes was less ... | 1997 | 9552716 |
| [a case of ruptured descending thoracic aortic aneurysm due to salmonella infection]. | a 66-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of pyrexia, chest pain and hemosptum. inflammatory findings were made and salmonella enteritidis was detected by bacterial examination of sputum and stool. enhanced chest ct examination disclosed a descending thoracic aortic aneurysm which had ruptured into the left lower lobe of the lung. under a diagnosis of ruptured mycotic descending thoracic aortic aneurysm, an emergency operation was performed. a left posterolateral thoracotomy carrie ... | 1998 | 9558873 |
| purulent pericarditis with tamponade caused by salmonella enteritidis. | the incidence of purulent pericarditis has declined. however, mortality remains high. we describe a case of purulent pericarditis with tamponade caused by salmonella enteritidis, and emphasize the importance of early recognition, prompt institution of appropriate antibiotic therapy, and early surgical drainage for survival. | 1998 | 9559435 |
| [epidemiologic markers of salmonella]. | salmonellae are enterobacteria responsible for outbreaks of human and animal clinical diseases, with important hygienic and economic consequences. accurate epidemiological studies require the use of efficient markers, which make it possible to trace the establishment and diffusion of different bacterial strains and also to evaluate the similarities between different isolates. numerous phenotypic and genotypic markers applicable to salmonella are available for these epidemiological studies. never ... | 1998 | 9559517 |
| random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and phage-typing in the analysis of a hospital outbreak of salmonella enteritidis. | isolates of salmonella enteritidis from 81 patients from herlev hospital or from copenhagen county were analysed by random amplification of polymorphic dna (rapd), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and phage-typing. fourteen polymorphic markers from five decamer primers unambiguously placed all isolates into six rapd groups: 65 isolates of phagetype 6 (pfge type i) were resolved into three rapd groups constituting 86, 12, and 2%, respectively. a fourth rapd group of 10 isolates was coincid ... | 1998 | 9561472 |
| the swiss control programme for salmonella enteritidis in laying hens: experiences and problems. | the swiss control programme for salmonella enteritidis began at the end of 1993. all efforts are focused on the elimination of infected parent and layer flocks and on the production of s. enteritidis-free eggs. the new zoonosis order and more stringent import regulations help to identify s. enteritidis-positive parent layer and layer flocks. other measures, such as additional voluntary monitoring of parent layer flocks, hatcheries and layer flocks, increased hygiene on poultry farms and the use ... | 1997 | 9567314 |
| postantibiotic effects of imipenem and enoxacin against s. typhimurium and s. enteritidis and the influence on their surface hydrophobicity. | the influence of the postantibiotic effect (pae) and the postantibiotic sub-mics effect (pa sme) of imipenem and enoxacin on the surface hydrophobicity of s. typhimurium and s. enteritidis strains were studied by evaluating congo red binding and the aggregation in molar solutions of ammonium sulfate (sat). a pae was induced by 2x and 4 x mic of antibiotics tested for 0.5 h. suprainhibitory concentrations of imipenem against s. typhimurium induced a short pae (0.3-0.6 h) compared to s. enteritidi ... | 1998 | 9569634 |
| antimicrobial properties of plant essential oils and essences against five important food-borne pathogens. | the antimicrobial properties of 21 plant essential oils and two essences were investigated against five important food-borne pathogens, campylobacter jejuni, salmonella enteritidis, escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and listeria monocytogenes. the oils of bay, cinnamon, clove and thyme were the most inhibitory, each having a bacteriostatic concentration of 0.075% or less against all five pathogens. in general, gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to inhibition by plant essential oils ... | 1998 | 9569693 |
| endotoxin tolerance alters macrophage membrane regulatory g proteins. | administration of sublethal doses of endotoxin (lps) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf alpha) renders rats tolerant to supralethal doses of lps. peritoneal macrophages from tolerant rats are refractory to lps induced arachidonic acid (aa) metabolism and cytokine production in vivo, and exhibit reduced membrane gtpase activity and gtp gamma s binding. since lps stimulated aa metabolism is mediated by gi alpha proteins, we sought to determine whether gi alpha and/or other g proteins are reduced ... | 1998 | 9575562 |
| mitogen-activated protein kinases activated by lipopolysaccharide and beta-amyloid in cultured rat microglia. | to test whether mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks) are involved in microglial activation, pure microglia prepared from 1- to 3-day-old rat brains were activated with either 100 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (lps) or 5 nm synthetic beta-amyloid (abeta) (25-35). the patterns of mapk activation following lps and abeta treatment were very similar. three mapk subtypes, p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (erk) and c-jun n-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase (jnk/sapk) were activa ... | 1998 | 9579682 |
| effects of hydrazine sulfate on galactosamine-sensitized endotoxic shock in ten-day-old rats. | patients who have liver diseases are susceptible to septic shock. galactosamine induces liver damage and increases endotoxin-sensitivity. hydrazine stimulates pituitary-adrenal axis and decreases mortality in galactosamine-sensitized endotoxic shock in the adult. however, as pituitary-adrenal function in the newborn is immature, the effects of hydrazine on galactosamine-sensitized endotoxic shock in the newborn remained unclear. in the present study, galactosamine-sensitized endotoxic shock was ... | 1998 | 9583097 |
| [discussion of prerequisites for food production by the public health office--section 18 of the federal epidemiology regulation and section 43 of the infection control regulation (draft)]. | the public health office of the city of frankfurt am main processed from 1994 to 1995 to total of 13,434 applications for health certificates in accordance with section 18 of the federal epidemics law. in 78 applicants (= 0.56%) the certificate was refused or the applicants barred from exercising their profession because of positive findings in their faeces (usually salmonellae). other examining offices had also arrived at clearly less than 1% (0.3-0.6%) positive findings. these results support ... | 1998 | 9583274 |
| ruptured popliteal aneurysm infected with salmonella enteritidis: an unusual cause of leg swelling. | | 1998 | 9587346 |
| successful conservative treatment of nontyphoid salmonella endocarditis involving a bioprosthetic valve. | we report a first case of salmonella enteritidis endocarditis involving a bioprosthetic aortic valve. despite additional native tricuspid valve involvement, the clinical course was favorable using an antibiotic regimen of ciprofloxacin and netilmicin. although salmonella prosthetic valve endocarditis is considered an indication for surgical replacement of the prosthesis, this case indicates that prolonged treatment with fluoroquinolones may be an alternative provided that the hemodynamic situati ... | 1998 | 9595224 |
| [dysenteric syndrome, acute renal failure and lethal septic shock associated to salmonella enteritidis infection. report of 3 cases]. | chile is being affected by an epidemic of s enteritidis infections since 1994, an increasingly important cause of morbidity worldwide. although infections by this bacteria have been commonly associated to diarrhea and patients are usually not affected by complications, three patients required admission by dysentery (not reported in most published series), acute renal failure (arf) and septic shock (ss), respectively, at the end of the summer season. s enteritidis was isolated from stool cultures ... | 1997 | 9595798 |
| phage typing combined with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and random amplified polymorphic dna increases discrimination in the epidemiological analysis of salmonella enteritidis strains. | phage typing (pt) combined with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and a random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) fingerprinting method was used to characterize salmonella enteritidis strains. twenty-four epidemiologically unrelated isolates, sampled from diverse ecological niches and fifteen isolates from four well-defined outbreaks of foodborne gastroenteritis, were studied. seven phage types, with a predominance of pt 4 (63% of isolates), were observed when analysing the epidemiologically ... | 1998 | 9600607 |
| an outbreak of salmonellosis among children attending a reptile exhibit at a zoo. | in january 1996, an outbreak of diarrhea caused by salmonella enteritidis occurred in children attending a komodo dragon exhibit at a metropolitan zoo. we sought to determine the extent of the outbreak and mode of transmission. | 1998 | 9602189 |
| variants of smooth salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis that grow to higher cell density than the wild type are more virulent. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis that grows to a higher cell density (se-hcd) than wild type while retaining o-chain lipopolysaccharide was isolated by transforming wild type serovar enteritidis with the cell density sensor plasmid psb402 and selecting for bioluminescence. a luminescent strain, se-hcd, that emitted light in proportion with cell density and opacity through stationary phase was isolated. after a peak cell density of 1.5 x 10(11) cfu/ml was observed, luminescence decreased, ... | 1998 | 9603830 |
| elution of lipopolysaccharides from polyacrylamide gels. | a simple procedure for elution in water of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (lps) from sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels is described. it consists of the combination of three principal steps: first, highly sensitive on-gel lps detection (1-10 ng/band) with zinc-imidazole (negative or reverse staining); second, washing of the individual lps band in a solution of a zinc-complexing agent (e.g., 100 mm edta); and finally, elution of the lps (100-200 microliters water for a 0.5-microgram lps ba ... | 1998 | 9606157 |
| oral passive immunization against experimental salmonellosis in mice using chicken egg yolk antibodies specific for salmonella enteritidis and s. typhimurium. | the efficacy of chicken egg yolk homotypic antibodies specific for outer membrane proteins (omp), lipopolysaccharide (lps) or flagella (fla) in controlling experimental salmonellosis in mice was investigated. mice challenged orally with 2 x 10(9) c.f.u. of salmonella enteritidis or 2 x 10(7) c.f.u. of s. typhimurium were orally treated with 0.2 ml anti-omp, -lps or -fla yolk antibody three times a day for three consecutive days. in mice challenged with s. enteritidis, antibody treatment resulted ... | 1998 | 9607060 |
| usefulness of phage typing and "two-way ribotyping" to differentiate salmonella enteritidis strains. | the capacity to differentiate salmonella enteritidis strains by phage typing and "two-way ribotyping" performed with psti and sphi was evaluated. the typeability was 96.8% in phage typing and 100% in ribotyping. the series was differentiated into 13 phage types, 19 combined ribotypes, and 39 subtypes or clonal lines by combining results from both methods (of which 11, 13, and 35, respectively, were represented by natural strains). ribotyping differentiated strains ascribed to pts 1, 4, 6a, 7, 8, ... | 1997 | 9608521 |
| [salmonellosis in children under 2 years of age]. | the authors pay attention to the mode of transmission of salmonelloses in children under two years of age, where the highest specific morbidity was recorded. using phenotypic (biochemical properties, sensitivity to antibiotics, phagotype) and genotypic properties (presence of plasmids) they examine five sporadic and seven epidemic incidences of salmonelloses in young children. the most frequent agent is salmonella enteritidis, phagotype 8, plasmid 55 kb. strains of s. enteritidis are isolated fr ... | 1998 | 9611892 |
| age-dependent phagocytosis and bactericidal activities of the chicken heterophil. | chicks are most susceptible to salmonella infection during the first 4 days post-hatch. in poultry, one of the primary cells in the innate immune response to early bacterial invasion by salmonella is the heterophil. previous studies using a granulocytopenic chicken model in more mature birds demonstrated the significant role heterophils have in the defense mechanism against salmonella. in the past studies have also shown the efficiency of heterophils from 3- to 5-week-old chickens to phagocytose ... | 1998 | 9617587 |
| suppressed thromboxane production in endotoxin-desensitized thp-1 cells is not a result of decreased prostaglandin h synthase activity. | pre-exposure of thp-1 cells to low concentrations of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, lps) down-regulates thromboxane (tx) a2, an arachidonic acid (aa) metabolite, production in response to a subsequent lps stimulation. to further delineate the mechanisms of lps-induced down-regulation of txa2, we examined expression of prostaglandin h synthase (pghs)-2 mrna, changes in pghs activity, and content of pghs-1 and -2. pre-exposure to lps (1 microg/ml for 18 h to desensitize cells) inhibits production ... | 1998 | 9617886 |
| differential expression of adhesion molecules by chicken heterophils activated in vivo with salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines. | chicken heterophils activated in vivo following the intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of salmonella enteritidis-immune t lymphokines (se-ilk) have been implicated in the protection against se organ invasion. se-ilk induces a heterophilia and directly (or indirectly) activates the granulocytes. the invasion of se provides the secondary signal for directing activated heterophils to the site of bacterial invasion. we examined the mechanism of adherence within the avian heterophil system using a ... | 1998 | 9618871 |
| antimicrobial resistance and r-factor transfer of salmonellae isolated from chicken carcasses in greek hospitals. | a total of 62 salmonellae, belonging to six different serotypes, were isolated from 60 out of 87 (69.0%) chicken carcasses delivered to hospitals of thessaloniki, greece. salmonella enteritidis, salmonella anatum and salmonella bredeney were the most prevalent serovars. isolates were examined for antibiotic resistance patterns and r-determinants. resistance to at least one antibiotic was observed in 36 (58.1%) of them and 18 different resistant profiles were recorded. nitrofurantoin-resistance w ... | 1998 | 9620127 |
| antimicrobial susceptibilities and molecular epidemiology of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis strains isolated in hong kong from 1986 to 1996. | the incidence of salmonellosis has been increasing in hong kong since 1989. the most common salmonella enterica serotype isolated in 1994 was s. enteritidis. the antimicrobial susceptibilities and molecular epidemiology of 275 s. enteritidis strains isolated in this locality between 1986 and 1996 were studied. over 99% of the isolates were susceptible to 17 of the 19 antimicrobial agents tested. one isolate harbored an autotransferring plasmid that confers resistance to tetracycline and trimetho ... | 1998 | 9620402 |
| increased synovial endothelium binding and transendothelial migration of mononuclear cells during salmonella infection. | to investigate the adhesion and extravasation capacity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) and the transport of bacterial antigens within these cells during salmonella infection. | 1998 | 9627015 |
| leucine metabolism in rat liver after a bolus injection of endotoxin. | to evaluate the contribution of hepatic tissue to alterations in the metabolism of proteins and the branched-chain amino acids (bcaa) leucine, isoleucine, and valine in systemic inflammatory response syndrome, we studied the changes of leucine metabolism in isolated perfused liver (ipl) of endotoxin-treated rats. male albino rats were injected with the endotoxin of salmonella enteritidis (5 mg x kg(-1)) or saline (control). four hours later, leucine and ketoisocaproate (kic) oxidation and incorp ... | 1998 | 9627366 |
| thin aggregative fimbriae enhance salmonella enteritidis biofilm formation. | salmonella enteritidis enteropathogens produce a variety of potentially adherent fimbrial types including sef14, sef17, sef18 and sef21 (type i). in a simplified, pure culture, biofilm generating system the virulent isolate, s. enteritidis 3b, readily adhered to teflon (polytetrafluoroethylene) and stainless steel forming thick cell aggregates. the inability of an isogenic sef17-deficient mutant to form thick biofilms suggested a role for sef17 in stabilizing cell-cell interactions during biofil ... | 1998 | 9627964 |
| estimated heritability of the resistance to cecal carrier state of salmonella enteritidis in chickens. | previously, we have shown differences in susceptibility to the cecal carrier state in chicks orally infected with salmonella enteritidis (se) at 1 wk of age for four outbred lines: l2, b13, pa12, and y11. the egg-type line l2 was one of the most susceptible lines and presented a large variability in cecal se colonization. the heritability (h2) of the resistance to se colonization in ceca was estimated in l2 chickens to determine whether genetic factors might be involved in its control. in three ... | 1998 | 9628525 |
| qsars for the effect of benzaldehydes on foodborne bacteria and the role of sulfhydryl groups as targets of their antibacterial activity. | quantitative structure activity relationships (qsars) were obtained describing the activity of a series of benzaldehydes against three different foodborne bacteria, listeria monocytogenes f6861, serotype 4b, salmonella enteritidis, phage type 4, p167807 and lactobacillus plantarum int.l11. mic values at ph 6.2 and 35 degrees c were obtained for 11 phenolic benzaldehydes to produce multiple linear regression and artificial neural network models. for each organism, the models contained a steric pa ... | 1998 | 9633634 |
| minnesota's elite bug busters. | | 1998 | 9637854 |
| phage restriction and the presence of small plasmids in salmonella enteritidis. | between 1990-1994, a total of 16,505 s. enteritidis strains of human, animal and food origin were phage-typed, using the hungarian scheme and the changes of incidence of the dominant phage types were monitored. the incidence of pt1 (corresponding to ward's pt1 was very high between 1990 and 1992 (67.9-71.0% of the total s. enteritidis isolates), later, it decreased. the prevalence of pt6 (corresponding to ward's pt4) was rare until 1992, then it gradually increased. the phage type and plasmid co ... | 1998 | 9638880 |
| airborne transmission of salmonella enteritidis infection between groups of chicks in controlled-environment isolation cabinets. | although direct contact with infected birds and indirect contact with contaminated environmental surfaces are known to be important factors in the dissemination of salmonella enteritidis in poultry flocks, the potential role of airborne transmission is less clearly defined. this study considered the mechanism by which s. enteritidis might spread between groups of chicks housed in controlled-environment disease transmission cabinets, separated by an unoccupied space that prevented any direct or i ... | 1998 | 9645323 |