| intra and inter species genetic variability of transferrin receptor gene regions in trypanosoma evansi isolates of different livestock and geographical regions of india. | trypanosoma evansi, the aetiological agent of surra affects a wide range of livestock and wild animals in india. in the present study, we studied intra- and inter species genetic variability in the transferrin receptor encoding gene regions (esag6/7 gene region) of t. evansi isolates by cloning, sequencing and phylogenetic study collected from camel, cattle, donkeys and ponies from north-western and central india. the nucleotide sequence variation of esag6/7 gene region between indian t. evansi ... | 2017 | 28030339 |
| flagellar antigen based ci-elisa for sero-surveillance of surra. | trypanosoma evansi causes a disease known as 'surra' in wide range of domesticated and wild animals including cattle, buffaloes, horses, camels etc. the disease is transmitted through the bites of haematophagous tabanid flies and is characterized by undulating fever, chronic progressive weakness, and hypoglycemia leading to low productivity in animals. in the present study, monoclonal antibodies (mabs) have been produced (igg3 sub-type) against purified flagellar (fla) protein of t. evansi and i ... | 2016 | 26921034 |
| production and preliminary evaluation of trypanosoma evansi hsp70 for antibody detection in equids. | the present immuno-diagnostic method using soluble antigens from whole cell lysate antigen for trypanosomosis have certain inherent problems like lack of standardized and reproducible antigens, as well as ethical issues due to in vivo production, that could be alleviated by in vitro production. in the present study we have identified heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) from t. evansi proteome. the nucleotide sequence of t. evansi hsp70 was 2116 bp, which encodes 690 amino acid residues. the phylogenet ... | 2015 | 26408598 |
| comparative efficacy of different in vitro cultivation media for trypanosoma evansi isolated from different mammalian hosts inhabiting different geographical areas of india. | the present study was undertaken to establish an optimal medium for primary culture initiation and maintenance of t. evansi isolated from different mammalian hosts of diverse geographical regions of india viz. donkey/1 (hardoi, uttar pradesh), donkey/2 (junagarh, gujarat), pony/1 (hisar, haryana), camel/1 (bikaner, rajasthan) which represented isolates 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. primary cultures were initiated with all four isolates in five different in vitro cultivation media with seeding den ... | 2015 | 26063995 |
| epidemiology of trypanosoma evansi and trypanosoma vivax in domestic animals from selected districts of tigray and afar regions, northern ethiopia. | african animal trypanosomosis, transmitted cyclically by tsetse flies or mechanically by other biting flies, causes serious inflictions to livestock health. this study investigates the extent of non-tsetse transmitted animal trypanosomosis (nttat) by trypanosoma (t.) evansi and t. vivax in domestic animals in the tsetse-free regions of northern ethiopia, afar and tigray. | 2015 | 25889702 |
| identification of immuno-dominant antigens of trypanosoma evansi for detection of chronic trypanosomosis using experimentally infected equines. | trypanosoma evansi is the most extensively distributed trypanosome responsible for disease called surra in livestock in many countries including frequent outbreaks in india. the prevalence of this disease is most commonly reported by standard parasitological detection methods (spdm); however, antibody elisa is being in practice by locally produced whole cell lysate (wcl) antigens in many countries. in the present investigation, we attempted to identify and purify immuno dominant, infection speci ... | 2013 | 23714044 |
| reproductive failures associated with trypanosoma (duttonella) vivax. | trypanosomosis is a disease of a high economic impact in different productive livestock systems, especially in africa and south america; cattle, sheep, goats, horses and donkeys can be prone to infection. trypanosoma vivax is a blood parasite normally associated with a case of anemia and persistent febrile status, which causes a reduction in production, weakness of affected animals and occasionally death. however, the reproductive disorders which include abortion, disruption of the estrous cycle ... | 2016 | 27809979 |
| field and experimental symptomless infections support wandering donkeys as healthy carriers of trypanosoma vivax in the brazilian semiarid, a region of outbreaks of high mortality in cattle and sheep. | the brazilian semiarid is the home of the largest herd of donkeys in south america and of outbreaks of trypanosoma vivax infection of high mortality in dairy cattle and sheep. for a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms of these outbreaks and epidemiological role of donkeys, we surveyed for t. vivax in wandering donkeys and follow the experimental infection of donkeys and sheep with a highly virulent isolate from the semiarid. | 2015 | 26510460 |
| detection of vaccinia virus during an outbreak of exanthemous oral lesions in brazilian equids. | in august 2014, an outbreak of oral exanthematous disease in equids was reported in brazil, affecting 11 donkeys and 3 mules. | 2017 | 26875684 |
| seroprevalence of west nile virus antibodies in equids in the north-east of algeria and detection of virus circulation in 2014. | west nile fever (wnf) is a viral disease of wild birds transmitted by mosquitoes. humans and equids can also be affected and suffer from meningoencephalitis. in algeria, since the 1994 epidemic, no data on wnv circulation was available until 2012. in september 2012, a fatal human case of wnv neuro-invasive infection occurred in jijel province. this study describes the first seroprevalence study of west nile virus (wnv) antibodies conducted in the equine population in algeria. during 2014, serum ... | 2017 | 28131384 |
| serological survey of west nile virus in domestic animals from northwest senegal. | in africa, infection with west nile virus (wnv) is frequent but almost always asymptomatic in humans and equids. the aim of this study was to identify whether any other domestic animal living in the same enzootic locality may be the sentinel of wnv circulation. in northwest senegal, blood samples were collected from 283 adult domestic animals (136 sheep, 64 horses, 29 donkeys, 29 goats, 14 cattle, and 11 dogs), in three localities near keur momar sarr. each serum was tested for wnv immunoglobuli ... | 2016 | 27002305 |
| use of sentinel serosurveillance of mules and donkeys in the monitoring of west nile virus infection. | a cross-sectional study was carried out on clinically normal mules and donkeys in a region of southern spain to assess the seroprevalence of west nile virus (wnv) following detection of infection in contiguous horse and human populations. antibodies against wnv were detected by a blocking elisa and micro-virus neutralisation test in 12/165 (7.3%; ci(95%) 4.3-11.3) of the animals sampled. even though the individual seroprevalence was higher in mules (9.6%; 8/83) than in donkeys (4.9%; 4/82), the ... | 2012 | 22633828 |
| concentrations of trace elements in american alligators (alligator mississippiensis) from florida, usa. | concentrations of 28 trace elements (li, mg, al, v, cr, mn, fe, co, ni, cu, zn, ga, as, se, rb, sr, mo, ag, cd, in, sn, sb, cs, tl, hg, pb, and bi) in the livers of juvenile and adult american alligators inhabiting two central florida lakes, lake apopka (la), and lake woodruff national wildlife refuge (lw) and one lagoon population located in merritt island national wildlife refuge (minwr; nasa), were determined. in juveniles from minwr, concentrations of nine elements (li, fe, ni, sr, in, sb, h ... | 2014 | 24698170 |
| association of vectors and environmental conditions during the emergence of peruvian horse sickness orbivirus and yunnan orbivirus in northern peru. | since 1983, cases of diseased donkeys and horses with symptoms similar to those produced by alphaviruses were identified in two departments in northern peru; however serological testing ruled out the presence of those viruses and attempts to isolate an agent were also unproductive. in 1997, also in northern peru, two new orbiviruses were discovered, each recognized as a causative agent of neurological diseases in livestock and domestic animals and, at the same time, mosquitoes were found to be i ... | 2015 | 26611971 |
| a review of domestic animal diseases within the pacific islands region. | the pacific island countries and territories (picts) are reported to be free of the most serious infectious livestock diseases which are prevalent in other parts of the globe, such as highly pathogenic avian influenza, foot and mouth disease or rabies. yet there is a lack of scientifically based evidence to confirm this animal health status. this paper reviews what has been published on diseases of domestic animals in the pacific islands region with a particular focus on data from the last 20 ye ... | 2014 | 24388793 |
| long-term liraglutide treatment is associated with increased insulin content and secretion in β-cells, and a loss of α-cells in zdf rats. | the ultimate treatment goal of diabetes is to preserve and restore islet cell function. treatment of certain diabetic animal models with incretins has been reported to preserve and possibly enhance islet function and promote islet cell growth. the studies reported here detail islet cell anatomy in animals chronically treated with the incretin analog, liraglutide. our aim was to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze islet cells from diabetic animals treated with vehicle (control) or liraglutid ... | 2013 | 23891763 |
| post-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with hematologic disorders: chinese herbal medicine for an unmet need. | while much progress has been made in the field of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct), headway in the promotion of recovery following this procedure has been limited. data regarding the potential of chinese herbal medicine (chm) for patients with hematologic disorders who received hsct are gradually increasing; however, these data are mostly in chinese. therefore, we set out to summarize the existing data. we searched pubmed, the cochrane library and the china national knowledge infra ... | 2016 | 27641605 |
| astragalus mongholicus regulate the toll-like-receptor 4 meditated signal transduction of dendritic cells to restrain stomach cancer cells. | according to the traditional view, we depend on three methods to treat tumors; surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. however, these methods have its own limitations in application. traditional chinese medicine (tcm) is one of the oldest healing systems. astragalus mongholicus (ams) that is the common herbal medicine, the biggest part of tcm, have been proved to be effective in treating cancers from lots of clinical cases. however, we have not fully understood the anti-tumor mechanism of ams, a ... | 2014 | 25371568 |
| free maillard reaction products in milk reflect nutritional intake of glycated proteins and can be used to distinguish "organic" and "conventionally" produced milk. | using lc-ms/ms and isotopically labeled standard substances, quantitation of free maillard reaction products (mrps), namely, n(ε)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (cml), 5-(hydroxymethyl)-1h-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde (pyrraline, pyr), n(δ)-(5-hydro-5-methyl-4-imidazolon-2-yl)-ornithine (mg-h), and n(ε)-fructosyllysine (fl), in bovine milk was achieved. considerable variations in the amounts of the individual mrps were found, most likely as a consequence of the nutritional uptake of glycated proteins. when com ... | 2016 | 27213835 |
| estimation of methane and nitrous oxide emissions from indian livestock. | greenhouse gas (ghg; methane and nitrous oxide) emissions from enteric fermentation and manure management of indian livestock were estimated from the last two indian livestock census datasets (2003 and 2007) using ipcc tier 2 (2006) guidelines. the total annual ghg emissions from indian livestock increased in 2007 compared to the year 2003 with an annual growth rate of 1.52% over this period. the contributions of ghg by dairy cattle, non-dairy cattle, buffaloes, goats, sheep and other animals (y ... | 2012 | 22898933 |
| cost-effective control strategies for animal and zoonotic diseases in pastoralist populations. | animal diseases and zoonoses abound among pastoralist livestock, which is composed of cattle, sheep, goats, yak, camels, llamas, reindeer, horses and donkeys. there is endemic and, periodically, epidemic transmission of highly contagious viral and bacterial diseases in africa, asia and latin america. pastoralist livestock is often multiparasitised with endo- and ectoparasites, as well as being affected by vectorborne viral and protozoal diseases. pastoral livestock can be a reservoir of such dis ... | 2016 | 27917989 |
| patterns of livestock predation by carnivores: human-wildlife conflict in northwest yunnan, china. | alleviating human-carnivore conflict is central to large carnivore conservation and is often of economic importance, where people coexist with carnivores. in this article, we report on the patterns of predation and economic losses from wild carnivores preying on livestock in three villages of northern baima xueshan nature reserve, northwest yunnan during a 2-year period between january 2010 and december 2011. we analyzed claims from 149 households that 258 head of livestock were predated. wolves ... | 2013 | 24202281 |
| dna-based authentication method for detection of yak (bos grunniens) in meat products. | a taqman probe real-time pcr method was developed for rapid detection of yak component in raw and cooked meat products. specific primers and taqman probes of yak (bos grunniens) were designed in the cytochrome b gene. the specificity of the method was evaluated using pure meat of eight yak breeds (jiulong, qinghai plateau, maiwa, gannan, bazhou, sibu, zhongdian, and jiali) samples and nine non-bos grunniens animals (sheep, goat, pig, chicken, cattle, water buffalo, donkey, horse, and rabbit). dn ... | 2013 | 23513969 |
| a brief and critical review on hydrofluorosis in diverse species of domestic animals in india. | india is one of the fluoride-endemic countries where the maximum numbers of ground or drinking water sources are naturally fluoridated. in india, a total of 23, out of 36 states and union territories have drinking water contaminated with fluoride in varying concentration. in the present scenario, especially in rural india, besides the surface waters (perennial ponds, dams, rivers, etc.), bore wells and hand pumps are the principal drinking water sources for domestic animals such as cattle (bos t ... | 2017 | 28144801 |
| allergenicity of milk of different animal species in relation to human milk. | protein content in cow milk (with over 20 proteins, and peptides may also occur as a result of enzymatic hydrolysis) ranges from 2.5% to 4.2% and is about 1.5-2 times higher than in human milk. its most important allergens are considered to be β-lactoglobulin (absent in human milk) and αs1-casein. the most similar in composition to human milk is horse and donkey milk. it contains considerably more whey proteins (35-50%) than cow milk (about 20%), and the concentration of the most allergenic case ... | 2016 | 28100852 |
| steroid biomarkers revisited - improved source identification of faecal remains in archaeological soil material. | steroids are used as faecal markers in environmental and in archaeological studies, because they provide insights into ancient agricultural practices and the former presence of animals. up to now, steroid analyses could only identify and distinguish between herbivore, pig, and human faecal matter and their residues in soils and sediments. we hypothesized that a finer differentiation between faeces of different livestock animals could be achieved when the analyses of several steroids is combined ... | 2017 | 28060808 |
| simultaneous quantitation of nicotinamide riboside, nicotinamide mononucleotide and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide in milk by a novel enzyme-coupled assay. | nicotinamide riboside, the most recently discovered form of vitamin b3, and its phosphorylated form nicotinamide mononucleotide, have been shown to be potent supplements boosting intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (nad) levels, thus preventing or ameliorating metabolic and mitochondrial diseases in mouse models. here we report for the first time on the simultaneous quantitation of nicotinamide riboside, nicotinamide mononucleotide and nad in milk by means of a fluorometric, enzyme-c ... | 2017 | 27979136 |
| site-specific glycosylation of donkey milk lactoferrin investigated by high-resolution mass spectrometry. | a comprehensive monosaccharide composition of the n-glycans of donkey milk lactoferrin, isolated by ion exchange chromatography from an individual milk sample, was obtained by means of chymotryptic digestion, tio2 and hilic enrichment, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, electrospray mass spectrometry, and high collision dissociation fragmentation. the results obtained allowed identifying 26 different glycan structures, including high mannose, complex and hybrid n-glycans, lin ... | 2016 | 27550041 |
| effects of different animal manures on attraction and reproductive behaviors of common house fly, musca domestica l. | insects rely mainly on their well-developed and highly sophisticated olfactory system to discriminate volatile cues released from host and nonhost substances, mates, oviposition substrates, and food sources. onset of first mating, mating duration, and onset of first oviposition, oviposition period, fecundity (number of eggs laid by a female), and longevity of freshly emerged musca domestica l. (diptera: muscidae) adults were observed in the presence of different animal manures: cow, horse, donke ... | 2016 | 27206657 |
| is leptospira able to survive in raw milk? study on the inactivation at different storage times and temperatures. | the consumption of raw milk is currently increasing due to several beneficial aspects, such as nutritional qualities, taste, and health benefits. however, some authors highlight the potential risk associated with raw milk consumption. in italy, while the absence of some pathogen microorganisms is set by the regional regulation dgr 381/2007, for other microorganisms, such as leptospira, no recommendations are provided. leptospira is not ascribed among classical milk pathogens; however, it can pot ... | 2016 | 26888018 |
| detection of gelatin adulteration in traditional chinese medicine: analysis of deer-horn glue by rapid-resolution liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. | simultaneous identification of donkey-hide gelatin and bovine-hide gelatin in deer-horn glue was established by rapid-resolution liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. water containing 1% nh4hco3 was used for sample dissolution and trypsin was used for hydrolysis of the gelatins. after separation by a sb-c18 reversed-phase analytical column, collagen marker peptides were detected by mass spectrometry in positive electrospray ionization mode with multiple reaction monitoring. ... | 2015 | 26504613 |
| evidence for anthropophily in five species of phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) from northern colombia, revealed by molecular identification of bloodmeals. | identification of the bloodmeal sources of phlebotomine sand flies is fundamental to determining which species are anthropophilic and understanding the transmission of leishmania parasites in natural epidemiological settings. the objective of this study was to identify sand fly bloodmeals in the mixed leishmaniasis focus of the department of sucre, northern colombia. in all 141 engorged female sand flies were analyzed, after being captured in intradomiciliary, peridomiciliary and extradomiciliar ... | 2016 | 26464046 |
| simultaneous determination of naturally occurring estrogens and mycoestrogens in milk by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. | a simple, fast, and reproducible method for the simultaneous determination of natural estrogens and mycoestrogens (resorcylic acid lactones) in milk by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography combined with electrospray ionization triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (uhplc/esi-ms/ms) is described. the extraction was carried out by solid-phase extraction (spe) using graphitized carbon black as solid sorbent. the use of carbon black allowed us to avoid any type of sample pretreatment, an ... | 2015 | 26416337 |
| brucellosis in working equines of cattle farms from minas gerais state, brazil. | the present survey aimed at estimating the seroprevalence of brucellosis in working equines of cattle farms from minas gerais state, brazil, and investigating risk factors associated with the infection. serum samples from 6439 animals, including 5292 horses, 1037 mules and 110 donkeys, were collected from 1936 herds, between september 2003 and march 2004, in 848 municipalities from the state of minas gerais, brazil. the prevalence of antibodies against smooth brucella spp. found in equines from ... | 2015 | 26347382 |
| capillary electrophoresis of sialylated oligosaccharides in milk from different species. | oligosaccharides are relevant components of human milk, which have been quite well studied for their pre-biotic effect and their capacity in stimulating the immune system. since oligosaccharides from milk of non-human mammals received so far less attention, the aim of this work was the application of capillary electrophoresis (ce) for the analysis of sialylated oligosaccharides in cow, goat and equine (mare and donkey) milk to possibly identify potential sources of oligosaccharides to use as hea ... | 2015 | 26228851 |
| human, donkey and cow milk differently affects energy efficiency and inflammatory state by modulating mitochondrial function and gut microbiota. | different nutritional components are able, by modulating mitochondrial function and gut microbiota composition, to influence body composition, metabolic homeostasis and inflammatory state. in this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects produced by the supplementation of different milks on energy balance, inflammatory state, oxidative stress and antioxidant/detoxifying enzyme activities and to investigate the role of the mitochondrial efficiency and the gut microbiota in the regulation of metabo ... | 2015 | 26118693 |
| leptospirosis in animals and human contacts in egypt: broad range surveillance. | leptospirosis is a re-emerging zoonotic disease of humans and animals worldwide. the disease is caused by pathogenic species of the genus leptospira. these organisms are maintained in nature via chronic renal infection of carrier animals, which excrete the organisms in their urine. humans become infected through direct or indirect exposure to infected animals and their urine or through contact with contaminated water and soil. this study was conducted to investigate leptospira infections as a re ... | 2016 | 26108004 |
| identification of equine lactadherin-derived peptides that inhibit rotavirus infection via integrin receptor competition. | human rotavirus is the leading cause of severe gastroenteritis in infants and children under the age of 5 years in both developed and developing countries. human lactadherin, a milk fat globule membrane glycoprotein, inhibits human rotavirus infection in vitro, whereas bovine lactadherin is not active. moreover, it protects breastfed infants against symptomatic rotavirus infections. to explore the potential antiviral activity of lactadherin sourced by equines, we undertook a proteomic analysis o ... | 2015 | 25814665 |
| the association between childhood environmental exposures and the subsequent development of crohn's disease in the western cape, south africa. | environmental factors during childhood are thought to play a role in the aetiolgy of crohn's disease (cd). however the association between age at time of exposure and the subsequent development of cd in south africa is unknown. | 2014 | 25514591 |
| color doppler provides a reliable and rapid means of monitoring luteolysis in female donkeys. | when artificial reproduction technologies designed for use with horses are used with donkeys, success is dependent on awareness of the physiological differences between these species, yet little information is available on many aspects of donkey reproduction. the present work examines the activity of the cl in catalonian jennies after induced luteolysis. plasma progesterone concentration, luteal blood flow (determined by color doppler), and cl cross-sectional area (cl-csa; determined by b-mode u ... | 2015 | 25459025 |
| preliminary survey of domestic animal visceral leishmaniasis and risk factors in north-west ethiopia. | after the epidemics of l. donovani complex in 2004/05 in human patients, to investigate the presence of antibodies against l. donovani in domestic animals in north-west ethiopia. | 2015 | 25327874 |
| transport characteristics of urea transporter-b. | ut-b represents the major urea transporter in erythrocytes, in addition to being expressed in kidney descending vasa recta, brain, spleen, ureter, bladder, and testis. expression of urea transporter ut-b confers high urea permeability to mammalian erythrocytes. erythrocyte membranes are also permeable to various urea analogues, suggesting common transport pathways for urea and structurally similar solutes. ut-b is highly permeable to urea and the chemical analogues formamide, acetamide, methylur ... | 2014 | 25298342 |
| preliminary investigations on the distribution of leptospira serovars in domestic animals in north-west morocco. | leptospirosis is a neglected zoonosis of global importance with a complex epidemiology that affects humans, domestic and wild mammals. however, due to the diversity of clinical signs and difficulties of establishing a confirmatory laboratory diagnosis, the disease remains poorly investigated, particularly in the developing world. in morocco, a descriptive study of the seroprevalence of leptospira infection in animals has never been undertaken. to fill this gap, the current study was conducted on ... | 2016 | 25065690 |
| hypoallergenic properties of donkey's milk: a preliminary study. | cow's milk protein allergy (cmpa) is an abnormal immunological response to cow milk proteins, which results in ige-mediated reactions. the therapeutic strategy to respond to cmpa envisages the total elimination of milk or the administration of cow's milk substitutes. for this reason the use of milk from other mammalian species was tested. among them, donkey's milk proved to be the best alternative in feeding infants affected by cmpa, since its chemical composition is comparable to human milk. in ... | 2014 | 24981912 |
| production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against horse immunoglobulins useful for the diagnosis of equine diseases. | monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against horse igg were produced by immunizing balb/c mice with purified horse igg and were characterized in indirect elisa versus purified immunoglobulins from donkey, cow, buffalo, sheep, pig, and chicken. three mabs (1b10b6c9, 1b10b6c10, 1b10b6e9) reacted only with horse and donkey igg and igm and, in western blotting, were specific for the fc fragment of equine igg. mab 1b10b6e9 was used in chemiluminescent immunoblotting assay for the diagnosis of dourine and in ... | 2015 | 24905982 |
| increasing incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome could be associated with livestock husbandry in changchun, northeastern china. | since the end of the 1990s, the incidence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (hfrs) has been increasing dramatically in changchun, northeastern china. however, it is unknown which, and how, underlying risk factors have been involved in the reemergence of the disease. | 2014 | 24894341 |
| isoelectric focusing and elisa for detecting adulteration of donkey milk with cow milk. | donkey milk has been recently revalued intensely due to its nutritional properties. moreover, donkey milk has been proposed as an effective alternative food for some infants with cow milk allergy. two fast analytical methods were proposed to detect the fraudulent practice of blending cow milk to donkey milk. detection of cow αs1-casein bands along the profiles of experimental donkey-cow milk mixtures analyzed by isoelectric focusing was adequate to estimate cow milk used as adulterant of donkey ... | 2014 | 24892189 |
| persistence of α-cypermethrin residues in milk of lactating donkeys (equus asinus) using uhplc-ms/ms. | the aim of this study was to measure the persistence of residues of the pyrethroid insecticide α-cypermethrin (acyp) in the milk of lactating donkeys following pour-on treatment. milk was collected from animals (n = 7) before the treatment and at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 and 84 h post-treatment. the last sampling was taken 7 days post-treatment (168 h). milk samples were analysed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (uhplc-ms/ms). the analytical metho ... | 2014 | 24806743 |
| a review of the tabanus semiargenteus-subgroup as part of the tabanus bovinus species-group (diptera: tabanidae) with the description of two new species for science. | the semiargenteus-subgroup of the tabanus bovinus species group is reviewed. the known distribution area of the three previously known species could be significantly increased. t. semiargenteus olsufjev, 1937 was for the first time recorded from syria and iran, t. olsufjevi hauser, 1960 from iraq and iran and t. sarbazensisježek, 1990 from lebanon, syria, turkey and iraq. two new species are described from this region, tabanus beieri sp. nov. and t. lintzeni sp. nov. the male of t. sarbazensis i ... | 2014 | 24799180 |
| new perspectives in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (raas) i: endogenous angiotensin converting enzyme (ace) inhibition. | angiotensin-converting enzyme (ace) inhibitors represent the fifth most often prescribed drugs. ace inhibitors decrease 5-year mortality by approximately one-fifth in cardiovascular patients. surprisingly, there are reports dating back to 1979 suggesting the existence of endogenous ace inhibitors, which endogenous inhibitory effects are much less characterized than that for the clinically administered ace inhibitors. here we aimed to investigate this endogenous ace inhibition in human sera. it w ... | 2014 | 24691160 |
| variation in mitochondrial minichromosome composition between blood-sucking lice of the genus haematopinus that infest horses and pigs. | the genus haematopinus contains 21 species of blood-sucking lice, parasitizing both even-toed ungulates (pigs, cattle, buffalo, antelopes, camels and deer) and odd-toed ungulates (horses, donkeys and zebras). the mitochondrial genomes of the domestic pig louse, haematopinus suis, and the wild pig louse, haematopinus apri, have been sequenced recently; both lice have fragmented mitochondrial genomes with 37 genes on nine minichromosomes. to understand whether the composition of mitochondrial mini ... | 2014 | 24690192 |
| bovine calves as ideal bio-indicators for fluoridated drinking water and endemic osteo-dental fluorosis. | relative susceptibility to fluoride (f) toxicosis in the form of osteo-dental fluorosis was observed in an observational survey of 2,747 mature and 887 immature domestic animals of diverse species living in areas with naturally fluoridated (>1.5 ppm f) drinking water. these animals included buffaloes (bubalus bubalis), cattle (bos taurus), camels (camelus dromedarius), donkeys (equus asinus), horses (equus caballus), goats (capra hircus), and sheep (ovis aries). of these mature and immature anim ... | 2014 | 24671615 |
| detection of caprine-specific nucleic acid sequences in goat milk using polymerase chain reaction. | none declared. | 2013 | 24493993 |
| non-immune binding of human igg to m-related proteins confers resistance to phagocytosis of group a streptococci in blood. | the non-immune binding of immunoglobulins by bacteria is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of infections. m-related proteins (mrp) are group a streptococcal (gas) receptors for immunoglobulins, but it is not known if this binding has any impact on virulence. to further investigate the binding of immunoglobulins to mrp, we engineered mutants of an m type 4 strain of gas by inactivating the genes for mrp, emm, enn, sof, and sfbx and tested these mutants in igg-binding assays. inactivation ... | 2013 | 24205299 |
| participatory study of medicinal plants used in the control of gastrointestinal parasites in donkeys in eastern shewa and arsi zones of oromia region, ethiopia. | gastrointestinal nematode infections constitute a threat to the health and welfare of donkeys worldwide. their primary means of control is via anthelmintic treatments; however, use of these drugs has constraints in developing countries, including cost, limited availability, access to cheaper generic forms of variable quality and potential anthelmintic resistance. as an alternative, bioactive plants have been proposed as an option to treat and control gastrointestinal helminths in donkeys. this s ... | 2013 | 24025403 |
| acute up-regulation of the rat brain somatostatin receptor-effector system by leptin is related to activation of insulin signaling and may counteract central leptin actions. | leptin and somatostatin (srif) have opposite effects on food seeking and ingestive behaviors, functions partially regulated by the frontoparietal cortex and hippocampus. although it is known that the acute suppression of food intake mediated by leptin decreases with time, the counter-regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. our aims were to analyze the effect of acute central leptin infusion on the srif receptor-effector system in these areas and the implication of related intracellular signaling m ... | 2013 | 23973620 |
| noise-induced changes in expression levels of nadph oxidases in the cochlea. | nadph oxidases are enzymes that transport electrons across the plasma membrane and generate superoxide radical from molecular oxygen. the current study investigated the expression and distribution of nox/duox members of the nadph oxidase family (nox1-5 and duox1-2) in the rat cochlea and their regulation in response to noise. wistar rats (8-10 weeks) were exposed for 24 h to band noise (8-12 khz) at moderate (100 db) or traumatic (110 db) sound pressure levels (spl). animals exposed to ambient n ... | 2013 | 23899412 |
| lipid composition analysis of milk fats from different mammalian species: potential for use as human milk fat substitutes. | the lipid compositions of commercial milks from cow, buffalo, donkey, sheep, and camel were compared with that of human milk fat (hmf) based on total and sn-2 fatty acid, triacylglycerol (tag), phospholipid, and phospholipid fatty acid compositions and melting and crystallization profiles, and their degrees of similarity were digitized and differentiated by an evaluation model. the results showed that these milk fats had high degrees of similarity to hmf in total fatty acid composition. however, ... | 2013 | 23800239 |
| a histomorphological analysis of human and non-human femora. | histology is used to describe post-mortem bone alterations, trauma, pathology and age estimation and to separate human and non-human bones. many scholars are however not familiar with the intricate and variable microstructure of bone, and due to the complex nature of some classification systems, bone histomorphology is often incorrectly described or identified. little information is available on the histomorphology of non-human bones found in southern africa, and therefore, the aim of this study ... | 2014 | 23604414 |
| the mathematical modeling of the lactation curve for dairy traits of the donkey (equus asinus). | in recent years, an increase in the number of donkeys farmed in italy as a consequence of the growing demand for donkey milk for direct consumption has been observed. some research has been carried out on jenny milk composition and on its nutritional properties, whereas milk production features are scarcely described for this species. in this work, the lactation curve shape of donkeys for milk yield and composition was investigated. a total of 453 test-day records for milk yield, fat and protein ... | 2013 | 23587386 |
| field efficacy of eprinomectin against the sucking louse haematopinus asini on naturally infested donkeys. | a trial was conducted to assess the efficacy of eprinomectin (epr) against the sucking louse haematopinus asini on naturally infested donkeys. parasitological investigations were performed on fifteen animals. on day 0, donkeys received epr pour-on at the manufacturer's recommended cattle dose. louse counts were performed on days -1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 at seven predilection sites on the skin of each donkey. epr was completely effective (100%) from day 7, until the end of the study. ... | 2013 | 23566937 |
| functional consequences of ethidium bromide demyelination of the mouse ventral spinal cord. | ethidium bromide (eb) has been extensively used in the rat as a model of spinal cord demyelination. however, this lesion has not been addressed in the adult mouse, a model with unlimited genetic potential. here we characterize behavioral function, inflammation, myelin status and axonal viability following bilateral injection of 0.20 mg/ml ethidium bromide or saline into the ventral white matter (vwm) of female c57bl/6 mice. eb-induced vwm demyelination significantly reduced spared vwm and basso ... | 2013 | 23466931 |
| profiling and quantifying polar lipids in milk by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled with evaporative light-scattering and mass spectrometry detection. | in this work, a high-performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection method has been developed and applied for quantification of the polar content of the lipid fraction in milk samples of different origin. from a chromatographic stand-point, a 4.6-mm i.d. hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography column was employed to attain a baseline separation of major phospholipid classes contained in the various milk samples tested. quantitative analysis was performed by t ... | 2013 | 23361226 |
| clinical and biomechanical evaluation of three bioscaffold augmentation devices used for superficial digital flexor tenorrhaphy in donkeys (equus asinus): an experimental study. | the present study was designed to carry out an in vivo and in vitro comparative evaluation of three bio-scaffold augmentation devices used for superficial digital flexor tenorrhaphy in donkeys. twenty-four clinically healthy donkeys were assigned for three treatment trials (n = 8) using one of three bioscaffold materials (glycerolized bovine pericardium xenograft, tendon allograft and allograft with glycerolized by bovine pericardium). in addition, eight clinically healthy donkeys were selected ... | 2013 | 25685407 |
| triacylglycerol stereospecific analysis and linear discriminant analysis for milk speciation. | product authenticity is an important topic in dairy sector. dairy products sold for public consumption must be accurately labelled in accordance with the contained milk species. linear discriminant analysis (lda), a common chemometric procedure, has been applied to fatty acid% composition to classify pure milk samples (cow, ewe, buffalo, donkey, goat). all original grouped cases were correctly classified, while 90% of cross-validated grouped cases were correctly classified. another objective of ... | 2013 | 23186782 |
| donkey pericardium as an alternative bioprosthetic heart valve material. | this study comparatively evaluates the characteristics of glutaraldehyde-treated acellular bovine and donkey pericardium using histological and electronic microscopic observation techniques, shrinkage temperature, and mechanical properties, as well as determining calcium and phosphorus content at 4 and 8 weeks after the subcutaneous implantation of donkey and bovine pericardium in wistar rats. donkey pericardium was significantly thinner compared with bovine pericardium (1.622 ± 0.161 mm vs. 4. ... | 2013 | 23145868 |
| random x inactivation in the mule and horse placenta. | in eutherian mammals, dosage compensation of x-linked genes is achieved by x chromosome inactivation. x inactivation is random in embryonic and adult tissues, but imprinted x inactivation (paternal x silencing) has been identified in the extra-embryonic membranes of the mouse, rat, and cow. few other species have been studied for this trait, and the data from studies of the human placenta have been discordant or inconclusive. here, we quantify x inactivation using rna sequencing of placental tis ... | 2012 | 22645258 |
| efficacy of alphacypermetrin pour-on against natural werneckiella equi infestation on donkeys (equus asinus). | the chewing louse werneckiella equi is an ectoparasite of donkeys and other equids. alphacypermethrin (acyp) is a pyrethroid insecticide commonly used for the control of insects of veterinary and public health concerns. a trial was conducted to assess the efficacy of acyp against w. equi on naturally infested donkeys. parasitological investigations were performed on 13 animals. on day 0, the donkeys received acyp pour-on at the manufacturer's recommended dose rate for cattle. louse counts were p ... | 2012 | 22526295 |
| relative sensitivities of japanese quail to foreign red blood cell challenges for immunotoxicity testing. | given evidence that the immune system is sensitive to environmental contaminants, evaluating immunocompetence in toxicology studies is increasingly important. by incorporating a test of humoral response into controlled reproductive and developmental studies, more comprehensive results can be gathered to assess the potential for disease. the foreign red blood cells (rbc) challenge is a minimally invasive method for evaluating humoral responses to a foreign antigen. typically, antibody response is ... | 2012 | 22480169 |
| size exclusion and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography/uv for routine control of thermal processing of cows' and donkey milk major proteins. | cows' and donkey milks (raw and thermally processed) and respective whey were analysed for quantification of major proteins. two different chromatographic approaches, size exclusion (se-hplc) and reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (rp-hplc) both coupled to uv detection were used. usefulness of these methods for routine control of the effect of thermal processing was evaluated. the external standard method was used to calibrate the se-hplc and rp-hplc systems. concerning quanti ... | 2012 | 22420770 |
| thyroid hormones in milk and blood of lactating donkeys as affected by stage of lactation and dietary supplementation with trace elements. | the traditional utilization of donkeys (equus asinus) as dairy animals has recently attracted substantial scientific interest with regard to human nutrition. donkey milk is well tolerated by infants with cows' milk allergy, useful in the treatment of human immune-related diseases, in the prevention of atherosclerosis, and in-vitro studies showed an anti-proliferative effect. active 3-3'-5-triiodothyronine (t3) in colostrum and milk could play different physiological roles, systemic and paracrine ... | 2012 | 22369763 |
| detection of chicken and turkey meat in meat mixtures by using real-time pcr assays. | in this study, taqman-based real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) techniques were developed for the detection of chicken and turkey meat in raw and heat-treated meat mixtures. primers and taqman probe sets were designed to amplify 86 bp and 136 bp fragments for the chicken and turkey species, respectively, on the mitochondrial nadh dehydrogenase subunit 2 gene. in the results, it was possible to detect each species at the level of 0.1 pg template dna with the taqman probe technique without a ... | 2012 | 22309374 |
| identification of five gelatins by ultra performance liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (uplc/q-tof-ms) using principal component analysis. | an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (uplc/q-tof-ms) method coupled with a principal component analysis (pca) was developed and applied toward identifying donkey-hide gelatin, bovine-hide gelatin, pig-hide gelatin, tortoise shell glue, and deerhorn glue. the uplc-ms data of the trypsin digested samples were subjected to principal component analysis (pca) in order to classify these five gelatins. additionally, marker peptides given by the loadings ... | 2012 | 22257536 |
| donkey milk-based formula: a substitute for patients with cow's milk protein allergy. | cow's milk protein allergy affects 2-7% of children using cow's milk formulae. fifty to eighty percent of them develop allergy to other food items and substitutes. on the search for a safe and affordable substitute, we reviewed the composition of milks of the domestic mammals in close contact with man. milk constituents studied included fat, protein, lactose, minerals, water, ph, specific gravity and caloric value. compared to others, donkey milk was found to be closest to breast milk when the a ... | 2011 | 27493315 |
| zygomycetes from herbivore dung in the ecological reserve of dois irmãos, northeast brazil. | thirty-eight taxa of zygomycetes distributed in 15 genera were recorded from tapir (tapirus terrestris), camel (camelus bactrianus), horse (equus caballus), deer (cervus elaphus), agouti (dasyprocta aguti), donkey (equus asinus), llama (llama glama) and waterbuck (kobus ellipsiprymnus) dung collected at the reserva ecológica de dois irmãos located in recife, state of pernambuco, northeast brazil. the samples were collected on a monthly basis from june 2005 to may 2006, taken to the laboratory an ... | 2011 | 24031609 |
| optimizing selection of large animals for antibody production by screening immune response to standard vaccines. | antibodies made in large animals are integral to many biomedical research endeavors. domesticated herd animals like goats, sheep, donkeys, horses and camelids all offer distinct advantages in antibody production. however, their cost of use is often prohibitive, especially where poor antigen response is commonplace; choosing a non-responsive animal can set a research program back or even prevent experiments from moving forward entirely. over the course of production of antibodies from llamas, we ... | 2016 | 26775851 |
| labeling and use of monoclonal antibodies in immunofluorescence: protocols for cytoskeletal and nuclear antigens. | antibodies are widely used to target and label specifically extra- or intracellular antigens within cells and tissues. most protocols follow an indirect approach implying the successive incubation with primary and secondary antibodies. in these protocols the primary antibodies are specifically targeted against the antigen in question and are normally not labeled. the secondary antibodies come from a different species and are in contrast fluorescently labeled. the idea is that the primary antibod ... | 2014 | 24515489 |
| day-night differences in neural activation in histaminergic and serotonergic areas with putative projections to the cerebrospinal fluid in a diurnal brain. | in nocturnal rodents, brain areas that promote wakefulness have a circadian pattern of neural activation that mirrors the sleep/wake cycle, with more neural activation during the active phase than during the rest phase. to investigate whether differences in temporal patterns of neural activity in wake-promoting regions contribute to differences in daily patterns of wakefulness between nocturnal and diurnal species, we assessed fos expression patterns in the tuberomammillary (tmm), supramammillar ... | 2013 | 23867764 |
| pulmonary and hepatic lesions caused by the dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloid-producing plants crotalaria juncea and crotalaria retusa in donkeys. | the effects and susceptibility of donkeys to crotalaria juncea and crotalaria retusa poisoning were determined at high and low doses. seeds of c. juncea containing 0.074% of dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids (dhpas) (isohemijunceines 0.05%, trichodesmine 0.016%, and junceine 0.008%) were administered to three donkeys at 0.3, 0.6 and 1 g/kg body weight (g/kg) daily for 365 days. no clinical signs were observed and, on liver and lung biopsies, the only lesion was a mild liver megalocytosis in the don ... | 2013 | 23726858 |
| total and free iodothyronine changes in response to transport of equidae (equus asinus and equus caballus). | in this study the effects of short distance road transport on total and free iodothyronine changes in 12 stallions (equus asinus and equus caballus) were evaluated. donkeys (n = 6) and horses (n = 6) were transported for a distance of 50 km. blood samples were collected 1 week before transport in basal conditions, 1 week later immediately before loading, and after transport and unloading. after transport, donkeys showed significant increases in circulating t4 (p≤0.01), ft3 (p≤0.001), and ft4 (p≤ ... | 2017 | 28365926 |
| mitochondrial dna genetic diversity in six italian donkey breeds (equus asinus). | donkeys have played an important role in agricultural land practices and in human historical periods of recent past and, still today, are used as a working power in several world areas. the objective of this study was to identify genetic variability in six italian donkey breeds using mtdna d-loop. fifteen haplotypes, grouped in three haplogroups, were identified. the genetic indices were informative and showed a high population genetic variability. the results of amova analyses based on geograph ... | 2017 | 28278690 |
| effect of parity, milking time and stage of lactation on milk yield of jiangyue donkey (equus asinus) in north west china. | the study reported in this research communication was carried out to examine how parity and milking time affected donkey milk yield under a typical chinese production system. eighteen jiangyue breed donkeys with good health condition, aged between 6 and 9 years, and with parities 3 and 4, were selected. milk production was measured commencing from the fourth week post-foaling, with a total data collection of 170 d in milk (lactation length). mean milk yield of the donkeys used in this study was ... | 2017 | 28252356 |
| blood serum retinol levels in asinara white donkeys reflect albinism-induced metabolic adaptation to photoperiod at mediterranean latitudes. | previous works on albinism form of asinara white donkeys (equus asinus) identified the mutation leading to the peculiar phenotype spread to all specimens of the breed. inbreeding naturally occurred under geographic isolation, on asinara island, in the mediterranean sea. albino individuals can be more susceptible to develop health problems when exposed to natural sun radiation. alternative metabolic pathways involved in photoprotection were explored in this trial. nutrition-related metabolites ar ... | 2017 | 28070301 |
| first case of sterility associated with sex chromosomal abnormalities in a jenny. | chromosomal abnormalities are one of the main causes of genetic infertility in horses. currently, their detection rate is rising due to the use of new diagnostic tools employing molecular markers linked to the sex chromosome pair. despite genetic similarities, there are no previous reports of sterility associated with chromosomal abnormalities in the domestic donkey (equus asinus). hereby, we determined the presence of a chromosomal mosaicism in a female donkey with reproductive problems using m ... | 2017 | 27905141 |
| effect of age, sex, physical activity and meteorological factors on haematological parameters of donkeys (equus asinus). | the review examines the role of blood in homeostasis, diagnosis and treatment of disease as influenced by meteorological stress factors, age, sex and physical activity of the donkeys. haematological parameters play a crucial role in clinical diagnosis of infectious and parasitic diseases, in assessing the responses of donkeys to treatment and in prevention of diseases. the changes in blood values are important in evaluating the responses of the animals to various physiologic conditions. in concl ... | 2016 | 27818622 |
| non-invasive pregnancy diagnosis from urine by the cuboni reaction and the barium chloride test in donkeys (equus asinus) and alpacas (vicugna pacos). | the aim of the research was to evaluate two chemical tests for non-invasive pregnancy diagnosis from urine, the cuboni reaction and the barium chloride test, in donkeys (equus asinus) and alpacas (vicugna pacos). the research was carried out from april 2013 to september 2014. urine samples were collected on five private czech farms from 18 jennies and 12 alpaca females. urine was collected non-invasively into plastic cups fastened on a telescopic rod, at 6-9 week intervals. in total, 60 and 54 u ... | 2016 | 27760031 |
| short communication quick method for identifying horse (equus caballus) and donkey (equus asinus) hybrids. | the domestication of the equus genus 5000-6000 years ago has influenced the history of human civilization. as soon as horse and donkey species had been domesticated, they were crossbred, producing humanity's first documented attempt at animal genome manipulation. since then, the mule (male donkey x female horse) and the reciprocal cross (the hinny, male horse x female donkey) have been the most common equine hybrids in the world. due to their hybrid vigor, mules and hinnies have been intensively ... | 2016 | 27706783 |
| neoplasia in 125 donkeys (equus asinus): literature review and a survey of five veterinary schools in the united states and canada. | a diagnosis of neoplasia was noted in 125 of 357 donkeys (35%) in our review of medical records from 5 veterinary schools in the united states and canada. equine sarcoid was the most common tumor in our study, accounting for 72% of all tumors and 82% of cutaneous tumors. soft-tissue sarcomas were the second most common skin tumors. all other types of neoplasia were rare. important differences in the occurrence of neoplasia in donkeys compared to horses included the rarity or absence of squamous ... | 2016 | 27698162 |
| establishment of conditions for ovum pick up and ivm of jennies oocytes toward the setting up of efficient ivf and in vitro embryos culture procedures in donkey (equus asinus). | most wild and domestic donkey breeds are currently endangered or threatened. their preservation includes the creation of a genome resource bank. embryos cryopreservation allows the preservation of genetics from both male and female and is the fastest method to restore a breed. because embryo production in vivo is limited in equids, our objective was to establish conditions for in vitro production of embryos in donkey using ovum pick up (opu), ivm, ivf, and in vitro culture of zygotes. donkey cum ... | 2016 | 26944538 |
| strategies to improve the fertility of fresh and frozen donkey semen. | fertility rates of donkey semen in jennies are lower compared to mares. the aims of this study were to evaluate different sperm cryopreservation methods and insemination strategies to improve the fertility of donkey semen in jennies. three experiments were performed: (1) the comparison of two freezing methods of donkey semen (conventional method and automated method); (2) the determination of a suitable insemination dose of fresh donkey semen for jennies and mares; and (3) the influence of the s ... | 2016 | 26806444 |
| the albinism of the feral asinara white donkeys (equus asinus) is determined by a missense mutation in a highly conserved position of the tyrosinase (tyr) gene deduced protein. | a feral donkey population (equus asinus), living in the asinara national park (an island north-west of sardinia, italy), includes a unique white albino donkey subpopulation or colour morph that is a major attraction of this park. disrupting mutations in the tyrosinase (tyr) gene are known to cause recessive albinisms in humans (oculocutaneous albinism type 1; oca1) and other species. in this study, we analysed the donkey tyr gene as a strong candidate to identify the causative mutation of the al ... | 2016 | 26763160 |
| characterization of complete mitochondrial genome of dezhou donkey (equus asinus) and evolutionary analysis. | mitochondrial dna (mtdna) has been widely used in species identification and genetic diversification. comparisons among mtdnas of closely related species are valuable for phylogenetic studies. however, only the partial mtdna cytb gene and the d-loop sequences were used to analysis the phylogenetic relationship between donkey breeds due to lack of complete mitochondrial genome. dezhou donkey, as a bigger somatotype ass, is one of chinese domestic donkey breeds, and used by many places as breeding ... | 2016 | 26527116 |
| ultrastructure of sarcocystis bertrami sarcocysts from a naturally infected donkey (equus asinus) from egypt. | there is considerable confusion concerning sarcocystis species in equids. little is known of sarcocystis infections in donkeys (equus asinus). here we describe the structure of sarcocystis bertrami-like from the donkey by light microscopy (lm) and transmission electron microscopy (tem). nineteen sarcocysts from the tongue of a donkey from egypt were studied both by lm and tem. by lm, all sarcocysts had variably shaped and sized projections on the sarcocyst walls, giving it a thin-walled to thick ... | 2016 | 26522448 |
| abortion in a mediterranean miniature donkey (equus asinus) associated with a gammaherpesvirus similar to equid herpesvirus 7. | fetal tissues and placenta from a third trimester mediterranean miniature donkey (equus asinus) abortion were submitted to the washington state university, washington animal disease diagnostic laboratory for abortion diagnosis. microscopic examination of formalin-fixed tissues revealed multifocal necrotizing placentitis. several cells within the necrotic foci contained large, eosinophilic, intranuclear inclusions. virus isolation from fresh, frozen placenta identified a cytopathic, syncytia-form ... | 2015 | 26462760 |
| focal gingival hyperplasia in a donkey (equus asinus). | | 2015 | 26197690 |
| next generation semiconductor based sequencing of the donkey (equus asinus) genome provided comparative sequence data against the horse genome and a few millions of single nucleotide polymorphisms. | few studies investigated the donkey (equus asinus) at the whole genome level so far. here, we sequenced the genome of two male donkeys using a next generation semiconductor based sequencing platform (the ion proton sequencer) and compared obtained sequence information with the available donkey draft genome (and its illumina reads from which it was originated) and with the equcab2.0 assembly of the horse genome. moreover, the ion torrent personal genome analyzer was used to sequence reduced repre ... | 2015 | 26151450 |
| freezability of andalusian donkey (equus asinus) spermatozoa: effect of extenders and permeating cryoprotectants. | the aim of this study was to compare the effect of two semen extenders and four permeating cryoprotectants on post-thaw sperm quality of andalusian donkeys. first, 32 ejaculates were pooled, split and frozen in either gent b or inra 96 with egg yolk and glycerol. second, 12 pooled semen samples were simultaneously frozen in gent b (glycerol) or gent a containing ethylene glycol (eg; 1 or 1.5%) or dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso; 1.5 or 2%). finally, nine pooled samples were simultaneously cryopreserved ... | 2015 | 26129907 |
| genetic diversity of donkey populations from the putative centers of domestication. | donkey domestication drastically changed ancient transport systems in africa and asia, enabling overland circulation of people and goods and influencing the organization of early cities and pastoral societies. genetic studies based on mtdna have pointed to the african wild ass as the most probable ancestor of the domestic donkey, but questions regarding its center of origin remain unanswered. endeavoring to pinpoint the geographical origin of domestic donkey, we assessed levels and patterns of g ... | 2015 | 25516010 |
| colloid single-layer centrifugation improves post-thaw donkey (equus asinus) sperm quality and is related to ejaculate freezability. | the aim of this study was to determine whether colloid single-layer centrifugation (slc) improves post-thaw donkey sperm quality and if this potential enhancement is related to ejaculate freezability. semen from andalusian donkeys was frozen following a standard protocol. slc was performed on frozen-thawed semen and post-thaw sperm parameters were compared with uncentrifuged samples. sperm quality was estimated by integrating in a single value sperm motility (assessed by computer-assisted sperm ... | 2015 | 25482321 |
| characterization of the estrous cycle of asinina de miranda jennies (equus asinus). | this study aims to characterize the estrous cycle of asinina de miranda jennies in the breeding season, on the basis of data collected from serial ultrasonographic examination and serum progesterone determinations in 14 females during a total of 33 cycles. the length of the interovulatory interval was 23.8 ± 0.55 days, the diestrus and estrus lasting 17.9 ± 0.46 days and 6.65 ± 0.30 days, respectively. age and body condition score (bcs) affected the length of the interovulatory intervals; bcs al ... | 2015 | 25467767 |