| rapid detection of salmonella enterica with primers specific for irob. | the irob gene of salmonella enterica is absent from the chromosome of the related organism escherichia coli. we determined the distribution of this gene among 150 bacterial isolates, representing 51 serotypes of different salmonella species and subspecies and 8 other bacterial species which are frequent contaminants during routine enrichment procedures by southern hybridization. an irob-specific dna probe detected homologous sequences in all strains of s. enterica, including serotypes of s. ente ... | 1997 | 9114411 |
| effects of eicosapentaenoic and gamma-linolenic acid on lung permeability and alveolar macrophage eicosanoid synthesis in endotoxic rats. | proinflammatory eicosanoids (cyclooxgenase and lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid) released by alveolar macrophages play an important role in endotoxin-induced acute lung injury. we investigated the effect of prefeeding rats for 21 days with enteral diets that provided the anti-inflammatory fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid and gamma-linolenic acid (derived from fish oil and borage oil, respectively), as compared with an n-6 fatty acid-enriched diet (corn oil) on the following: a) lun ... | 1997 | 9118672 |
| effects of inhibition of nitric oxide synthase by aminoguanidine in acute endotoxemia. | nitric oxide (no) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of the circulatory dysfunction of endotoxin shock. we investigated the effect of aminoguanidine (ag), an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (nos) that is more selective for the inducible nos, on the circulatory and inflammatory sequelae after administration of a bolus (10 mg/kg iv) of lipopolysaccharide (lps) (salmonella enteritidis). rats receiving lps + vehicle (lps + veh) exhibited a 73% decrease in mean arterial blood pressure (mabp) ... | 1997 | 9124447 |
| in vivo production and function of il-12 p40 homodimers. | the bioactivity of il-12 is mediated by heterodimers of disulfide-linked p35 and p40 protein subunits. homodimeric p40 competes with heterodimer for binding to the high affinity il-12r and inhibits il-12 bioactivity in vitro. however, the production and significance of p40 homodimer as a cytokine antagonist in vivo have not been determined. in these studies, we observed increased amounts of both il-12 p40 monomer and homodimer in the serum of c57bl/6 mice following injection of 300 microg of sal ... | 1997 | 9127002 |
| correlation of susceptibility and resistance of twenty-five bacterial strains by analysis of mic database of cephalosporins and oxacephalosporins. | mic database of 1,407 cephalosporins and oxacephalosporins was utilized to characterize 25 bacterial strains including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. mic values were converted to activity rank indices, and distribution patterns of these indices were compared among the bacterial strains. salmonella enteritidis. no. 11 was the most susceptible bacterium, and the activity against this strain was ascribed to the binding of beta-lactams to the pbps without any significant barrier to the ap ... | 1997 | 9127196 |
| salmonella enteritidis in an endometriotic ovarian cyst. | isolated salmonella infections are rare. in view of the rarity, we present a case of a 16-year-old patient with an endometriotic ovarian cyst where salmonella enteritidis was isolated from aspirated material from the cyst. we include a review of the world literature on ovarian salmonella infection from 1966 to june 1996. | 1997 | 9134404 |
| the cross-contamination and survival of salmonella enteritidis pt4 on sterile and non-sterile foodstuffs. | the ability of two strains of salmonella enteritidis pt4 to cross-contaminate from inoculated egg droplets on surfaces onto melon or beef (sterile or non-sterile) was investigated. when the foods were placed on these surfaces where egg droplets were still wet, cross-contamination occurred within 1 s onto every piece of food. it took at least 1 min for all the food pieces to be contaminated when egg droplets had been allowed to dry. both strains were capable of rapid growth on melon and beef (ste ... | 1997 | 9134772 |
| [the effect of hiv infection on high incidence of heart diseases in kinshasa (zaire). echocardiographic study]. | invasion of the heart by hiv has become a clinical problem over the last decade. the objective of the present study was to systematically detect the excess hiv-related cardiac lesions in kinshasa by performing echocardiography. the study population consisted of 166 hiv-infected patients and 166 hiv-seronegative patients with heart disease (control group). 69% of patients were at stage a of hiv infection and 31% were at stage aids c3 according to cdc 1993 criteria. a higher incidence of echocardi ... | 1997 | 9137674 |
| salmonella osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease children in the east end of london. | five cases of salmonella osteomyelitis are presented in children with sickle cell disease living in the east end of london. four of these had involvement of the long bones and one (an infant) presented with hand-foot syndrome. four required surgical drainage of pus and all required lengthy therapy with antibiotics. factors contributing to the increased susceptibility of these patients to invasive disease with salmonella sp. are discussed as are the clinical features, surgical and antibiotic mana ... | 1997 | 9138136 |
| induction of flagellation and a novel agar-penetrating flagellar structure in salmonella enterica grown on solid media: possible consequences for serological identification. | salmonella enterica grown on solid medium containing iron, thiosulfate and 100 mm hexoses and amino acids underwent cell surface differentiation involving increased flagellation (electrophoretic isotypes 60, 54 and 50 kda), conversion from rough to smooth lipopolysaccharide, and assembly of a matrix that penetrated 1.4% agar. flagellation was also induced in the avian pathogen s. enterica var pullorum, which is diagnostically defined as aflagellate. induction correlated closely with a simple col ... | 1997 | 9141658 |
| homologous regions of the salmonella enteritidis virulence plasmid and the chromosome of salmonella typhi encode thiol: disulphide oxidoreductases belonging to the dsba thioredoxin family. | the nucleotide sequence relatedness between the chromosome of salmonella typhi and the virulence plasmid of salmonella enteritidis was investigated using short dna probes of < 2 kb covering the whole virulence plasmid sequence. only one homologous region was detected. this region was subsequently cloned and partially sequenced. sequences closely related to the pefl gene and the orfs orf7, orf8 and orf9, which are located downstream of the fimbrial pef operon of the salmonella typhimurium virulen ... | 1997 | 9141703 |
| salmonella outbreak from ice cream. | | 1996 | 9141842 |
| protective effects of dietary lactulose and calcium phosphate against salmonella infection. | protection against intestinal infections by lactulose fermentation might be enhanced by calcium phosphate, due to the increased buffering capacity and/or inhibition of the cytotoxicity of luminal contents. | 1997 | 9145462 |
| acalculous nontyphoidal salmonellal cholecystitis requiring surgical intervention despite ciprofloxacin therapy: report of three cases. | nontyphoidal salmonellal cholecystitis is a rare complication of nontyphoidal salmonellal enterocolitis. we describe three patients with this complication who were hospitalized in a regional infectious disease unit at ruchill hospital, glasgow, scotland, over a period of 12 months. all three patients were receiving ciprofloxacin therapy before the episodes of cholecystitis became clinically evident, and all required surgical intervention. | 1997 | 9145746 |
| [extraintestinal salmonella infections in four danish counties. inverse relationship between invasiveness and zoonotic serotypes]. | the relationship between invasiveness and incidence of non-typhoid salmonellosis was ascertained retrospectively in a population of 1.9 million in four danish counties during the three-year period 1992-1994. the study comprised 4175 cases diagnosed by culture either locally or at statens serum institut, copenhagen. two hundred and forty-four patients had extraintestinal infections caused by 24 out of the total number of 101 different serotypes. invasiveness ranged widely from 4% to > 90% for ind ... | 1997 | 9148531 |
| epidemiological analysis of strains of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis from foodborne outbreaks occurring in italy, 1980-1994. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr-) ribotyping was performed on 243 strains of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis isolated during the years 1980-1994 from 58 foodborne outbreaks occurring in different regions of italy. the majority (37) of the outbreaks were attributed to phage type (pt) 4, followed by pt1 (seven outbreaks); the latter was identified in 1993 in italy in epidemic strains of enteritidis. in eight cases more than one phage type was recognised from a single event. nine pcr-riboty ... | 1997 | 9152032 |
| detection of motility and putative synthesis of flagellar proteins in salmonella pullorum cultures. | salmonella pullorum is a host-adapted pathogen of poultry previously thought to be nonmotile and nonflagellated. we discovered that motility can be induced in this organism under special medium conditions, and this motility was observed in 39 of 44 s. pullorum isolates tested. the migration appeared to occur only on the medium surface and not within the medium itself, indicating that swimming may not be responsible for this event. agar concentration, carbohydrate concentration and type, and temp ... | 1997 | 9157122 |
| antibodies against bacterial lipopolysaccharides in japanese patients with ankylosing spondylitis. | we investigated igg, iga and igm class specific antibodies to five bacterial (klebsiella pneumoniae, escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, salmonella typhimurium and shigella flexneri) lipopolysaccharides (lps) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 144 japanese patients with ankylosing spondylitis (as). as patients had significantly elevated iga antibodies to k. pneumoniae lps, salmonella enteritidis lps and salmonella typhimurium lps; however, there was no correlation between antibody lev ... | 1997 | 9159547 |
| molecular epidemiology of antibiotic resistance of salmonella enteritidis during a 7-year period in greece. | a significant increase in the frequency of isolation of salmonella enteritidis has been observed during recent years in greece, parallelled by an increasing rate of resistance of this organism to antibiotics. a substantial proportion of ampicillin- and doxycycline-resistant isolates exhibited cross-resistance to drugs of other classes, such as sulfonamides and streptomycin. isolates of human origin were overall less resistant than those of animal or food-feed origin. indeed, strains associated w ... | 1997 | 9163436 |
| progression of salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 strains in são paulo state, brazil. | a total of 574 s. enteritidis strains (383 from human sources and 191 from non-human sources) isolated between 1975-95, in são paulo state, brazil, were phagetyped. among the strains isolated during the period of 1975-92, 80.9% of them belonged to phage type 8 (pt-8), but in 1993 strains of pt-4 accounted for 65.2% of all the s. enteritidis isolates. in the following years, pt-4 strains accounted for 99.7% and 98.4% of phagetyped s. enteritidis strains. the results obtained suggested that the cu ... | 1996 | 9163983 |
| intrahepatic hematoma with secondary salmonella infection via biliary fistula. | usually liver hematoma after blunt trauma is treated conservatively as long as clinically possible, in order to avoid infection via drainage. we report a patient who developed a huge liver abscess after a minor blunt trauma caused by a piece of wood that hit his hepatic region during work with a circular saw. neither conservative treatment nor percutaneous drainage was successful and intraoperatively a biliary fistula was identified as the route of infection by salmonella. cholecystectomy (here ... | 1997 | 9164532 |
| surgical experience with salmonella-infected aneurysms of the abdominal aorta. | five patients, aged between 64 and 75 years with salmonella-infected abdominal aortic aneurysms were surgically treated between 1993 and 1995 at the national cheng kung university hospital. cultures of aneurysmal wall tissue and blood yielded salmonella enteritidis group b in three patients and salmonella choleraesuis in the remaining two. all patients presented with fever and abdominal or back pain. pulsatile masses were noted in only two patients. infrarenal abdominal infected aneurysms were d ... | 1997 | 9170822 |
| synergism in biofilm formation between salmonella enteritidis and a nitrogen-fixing strain of klebsiella pneumoniae. | a laboratory reactor, which simulates biofilm formation in water pipes, was used to study interactions in biofilm formation between a nitrogen-fixing strain of klebsiella pneumoniae and salmonella enteritidis. the level of attachment of salm. enteritidis was higher in the binar biofilm than in the single species biofilm. in the initial colonization phase the binary biofilm contained a much higher proportion of metabolically active cells than in single species biofilms formed by either salm. ente ... | 1997 | 9172411 |
| an outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 infection in a rural community in northern ireland. | an outbreak of gastroenteritis arose in people who attended a charity barbecue at a hotel in a rural area of northern ireland in july 1995. about 120 people attended the barbecue, 98 of whom were identified. fifty-one of them and seven members of hotel staff met the case definition. an epidemiological investigation showed that illness was significantly associated with eating foods containing mayonnaise that had been prepared using raw shell eggs and stored at too high a temperature. salmonella e ... | 1997 | 9175310 |
| increasing the intestinal resistance of rats to the invasive pathogen salmonella enteritidis: additive effects of dietary lactulose and calcium. | lactulose fermentation by the intestinal microflora acidifies the gut contents, resulting in an increased resistance to colonisation by acid sensitive pathogens. the extent of fermentation should be controlled to prevent acid induced epithelial cell damage. considering the buffering capacity of calcium phosphate and its intestinal cytoprotective effects, whether supplemental calcium phosphate adds to the increased resistance to intestinal infections by lactulose fermentations was studied. | 1997 | 9176078 |
| endothelin-1 in rat endotoxemia: mrna expression and vasoreactivity in pulmonary and systemic circulations. | endothelin-1 (et-1) is a vasoconstrictor and proinflammatory peptide, but its role in the vascular response to sepsis is unknown. after intraperitoneal injection of male wistar rats (300 g) with 20 mg/kg of salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (lps), the expression of et-1 mrna was significantly increased in pulmonary artery and aorta within 1 h and arterial et-1 concentration was elevated. despite this increase in et-1 production, there was no difference in baseline systemic or pulmonary a ... | 1997 | 9176305 |
| neutralization of g-csf inhibits ilk-induced heterophil influx: granulocyte-colony stimulating factor mediates the salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokine potentiation of the acute avian inflammatory response. | hematopoietic colony stimulating factors (csf) regulate the growth and development of phagocytic cell progenitors and also augment functional activation of phagocytes. granulocyte-csf (g-csf) is the csf that acts specifically upon granulocyte progenitor cells and mature granulocytes. we have shown that lymphokines (ilk) from t cells of birds immunized against salmonella enteritidis (se) induce a granulocytic (pmn) inflammatory response in chicks challenged with se. this inflammatory response was ... | 1997 | 9179618 |
| [salmonella enteritidis pericarditis. apropos of a case and review of the literature]. | the authors report a case of salmonella enteritidis pericarditis. the diagnosis was based on bacteriological analyses (blood and effusion cultures and pericardial biopsy). the microbiology of bacterial pericarditis is reviewed underlying the exceptionally rare finding of a non typhi salmonella in this condition. | 1997 | 9181041 |
| assessing the sensitivity of egg yolk antibody testing for detecting salmonella enteritidis infections in laying hens. | the identification of infected commercial poultry flocks has become a pivotal component of efforts to reduce the incidence of egg-associated transmission of salmonella enteritidis to humans. to assess the sensitivity with which testing for specific antibodies in egg yolks can be applied to detect s. enteritidis infection in laying chickens, groups of hens were orally inoculated with either 10(3), 10(5), or 10(7) cfu of a phage type 13a strain of s. enteritidis. eggs from these hens were collecte ... | 1997 | 9181610 |
| [changes in the microbial picture during the production of poultry salami]. | changes in microbiological parameters during the production of fine poultry salami was monitored in a private poultry-processing plant in kosice within a period of six months. this product consists of meat paste or mechanically deboned poultry meat (mdpm), which is produced with the help of a protecon mpb 30 e deboning machine, pork trimmings, water (in the form of crushed ice), salt, spices, and garlic paste. the main raw food material (hand-boned meat and skin from poultry carcasses intended f ... | 1997 | 9182395 |
| outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 6 infection associated with food items provided at a buffet meal. | preliminary enquiries following prompt notification of three cases of suspected food poisoning revealed that they had all attended the same three functions during the preceding weekend. subsequent investigation identified 49 people with gastrointestinal symptoms, 13 of whom were infected with salmonella enteritidis phage type 6. forty-five of those with symptoms, including 11 with confirmed infection, had eaten a buffet meal at a public house. eating egg sandwiches was strongly associated with i ... | 1997 | 9185382 |
| immunoglobulin response to salmonella enteritidis outer membrane proteins. use for evaluating infectious status. | | 1997 | 9191997 |
| characterization of the agfba fimbrial operon encoding thin aggregative fimbriae of salmonella enteritidis. | | 1997 | 9192021 |
| immunoprophylaxis of salmonella gallinarum infection by salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines in broiler chicks. | research on the control of intestinal and tissue colonization of breeder and table-egg producing flocks by invasive salmonella enteritidis (se) has focused on the advancement of anti-salmonella feed additives, microbiological strategies, and the development of vaccines. recent investigations in our laboratories have concentrated on the development of immunoprophylactic measures to control salmonella infections. we have found an increased resistance to salmonella enteritidis (se) organ infectivit ... | 1997 | 9192048 |
| iliopsoas myositis mimicking appendicitis: mri diagnosis. | myositis of the truncal muscles can closely mimic acute appendicitis. myositis is the early stage of muscular infection. it is characterized by diffuse muscular pain and swelling without a distinct mass. early diagnosis of myositis improves the outcome and surgical debridement is usually avoided. pyomyositis, the advanced stage of the disease, can be diagnosed by mri examination. we present a case of early bacterial myositis that was diagnosed by mri. | 1997 | 9194236 |
| nested polymerase chain reaction strategy simultaneously targeting dna sequences of multiple bacterial species in inflammatory joint diseases. i. screening of synovial fluid samples of patients with spondyloarthropathies and other arthritides. | bacteria play a crucial pathogenetic role in lyme arthritis (la), reactive arthritis (rea), other forms of spondyloarthropathy (spa), and possibly in undifferentiated oligoarthritis (uoligo). polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technology has been applied to detect bacterial dna of individual microbes in synovial fluid (sf) of patients with arthritides. we screened for dna sequences of 8 bacterial species simultaneously in sf of patients with inflammatory joint disease. | 1997 | 9195515 |
| nested polymerase chain reaction strategy simultaneously targeting dna sequences of multiple bacterial species in inflammatory joint diseases. ii. examination of sacroiliac and knee joint biopsies of patients with spondyloarthropathies and other arthritides. | bacteria play a crucial pathogenetic role in reactive arthritis (rea) and other forms of spondyloarthropathy (spa) and in lyme arthritis. although there is evidence of local persistence of bacterial antigens no definitive method revealing microbes in peripheral joints has been established. we detected dna of individual bacteria in synovial material by pcr. applying molecular technology we screened simultaneously for 8 bacterial genomes in arthritis and sacroiliitis. | 1997 | 9195516 |
| salmonella enteritidis contamination of eggs from hens inoculated by vaginal, cloacal, and intravenous routes. | laying hens were inoculated intravaginally (ivg) once (ivg-single) or three times (ivg-triple), intracloacally (ic), or intravenously (iv) with salmonella enteritidis (se) phage type 4. eggs tested were significantly (p < 0.05) fewer positive in group ic than in other groups. se was recovered from egg contents in the groups ivg-single (9.6%), ivg-triple (4.2%), and iv (11.5%). ivg and ic inoculation resulted in colonization of the cloaca and lower portions of the oviduct but not the portion abov ... | 1997 | 9201391 |
| the effect of the flow of air on horizontal transmission of salmonella enteritidis in chickens. | horizontal transmission of salmonella enteritidis and the effect of airflow on spreading were examined in 80 5-wk-old chickens divided into five groups. sixteen chickens in each group were placed in four cages in a row separated by wire. one among four chickens placed in a cage at the downwind end of the row was inoculated orally with 10(9) colony-forming units of s. enteritidis. cecal droppings, drinking water, and feed were cultured every day. horizontal transmission was rapid in the row with ... | 1997 | 9201399 |
| prevalence of salmonella in municipal sewage treatment plant effluents in southern california. | effluents from 12 sewage treatment plants in southern california were examined for salmonella using a moore swab technique. eight of the 12 plants were positive for salmonella when sampled at the chlorination/dechlorination site (inside the plant). effluents from 11 of 12 sewage treatment plants were positive for salmonella when samples were analyzed downstream of the chlorination/dechlorination site, before effluents merge with the receiving stream (outside the plant). two of the three control ... | 1997 | 9201405 |
| heterophil response to intraperitoneal challenge with invasion-deficient salmonella enteritidis and salmonella-immune lymphokines. | the present work compared the accumulation of intraperitoneal heterophils in day-of-hatch chicks following treatment with salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokine (ilk) and challenge with various strains of salmonella enteritidis (se). day-of-hatch chicks received ilk by intraperitoneal injection and were challenged 1 hr later by intraperitoneal inoculation with one of the following se strains: a wild-type, se 890034-3; a delta cya-12 delta cyp-11 avirulent vaccine strain, chi 4357; and an invas ... | 1997 | 9201411 |
| intratracheal aerosolization of endotoxin (lps) in the rat: a comprehensive animal model to study adult (acute) respiratory distress syndrome. | the aim of the study was to extend existing evidence that intratracheal aerosolization of lps may serve as a very relevant model to study ards. the authors investigated the sequence of pathogenic events reflected by changes in levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (tnf alpha), surfactant-associated protein a (sp-a) in bal fluid, in addition to cell count, edema formation, and respiratory function. within 24 h following intratracheal aerosolization of lps in the rat, ards could be diagnosed accor ... | 1997 | 9202956 |
| epidemiology of emerging zoonoses in israel. | | 1997 | 9204309 |
| a rare case of salmonella neck abscess. | a case of a deep neck abscess caused by salmonella enteritidis in a 29-year-old previously undiagnosed diabetic patient is reported. review of relevant literature has shown 11 cases of salmonella neck abscess. predisposing conditions include immunosuppression due to any cause. salmonella sp. should be included in the differential diagnosis of head and neck abscesses in predisposed individuals and treated accordingly. | 1997 | 9205618 |
| hla-b27 modulates intracellular survival of salmonella enteritidis in human monocytic cells. | human major histocompatibility complex class i allele hla-b27 is associated with a group of diseases called spondyloarthropathies. in reactive arthritis (rea), the disease is triggered by certain infections, e.g. gastroenteritis caused by salmonella. the host/microbe interaction is abnormal in susceptible individuals leading to inefficient elimination of arthritis-triggering bacteria, fragments of them, or both, after the initial infection. using transfected human monocytic u937 cell lines, we d ... | 1997 | 9209481 |
| application of molecular methods to a nosocomial outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 4. | a nosocomial outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 occurred in july 1995. seven definite cases were identified over 13 days affecting four wards in a london hospital. the outbreak strain was characterized by plasmid profile typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), and was unusual in that it did not possess a 38 mda plasmid common to most isolates of s. enteritidis pt 4 made from humans and food animals in england and wales. seven asymptomatic excreters were identified on scr ... | 1997 | 9211159 |
| development of a quantitative risk assessment model for salmonella enteritidis in pasteurized liquid eggs. | the performance of hazard analyses and the establishment of critical limits by the food industry are both hampered by the inability to directly relate food processing operations from farm-to-table with their public health impact. using a 'unit operations' and stochastic simulation approach, data on the frequency of pathogens in raw ingredients, predictive microbiology models for growth and inactivation (thermal and non-thermal), and dose-response models for infectivity were integrated to create ... | 1997 | 9217100 |
| [15th international symposium of salmonellosis and brucellosis: a report]. | | 1997 | 9221550 |
| comparison of an lps-specific competitive elisa with a motility enrichment culture method (msrv) for detection of salmonella typhimurium and s. enteritidis in chickens. | we report here evaluation of a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-elisa) for detection of salmonella spp. in chicken organs and faeces. the c-elisa used a monoclonal antibody (mab), specific for a genus-specific epitope of the outer core oligosaccharide of salmonellae. salmonella lipopolysaccharide (lps) in samples competed with salmonella lps coated on microtitre plates, for binding to the mab. competition reduced binding of the mab to the lps on the plate and of the secondary ant ... | 1997 | 9228684 |
| pathogenesis of salmonella enteritidis phage type four after experimental infection of young chickens. | white leghorn specific-pathogen-free chickens were inoculated orally with salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 at the age of one day (group 1) and four weeks (group 2). from 3 h until 4 weeks post inoculation (pi), birds were sacrificed. gross lesions were recorded and different sites of the intestine and visceral organs were collected for bacteriological and histopathological examination. clinical disease and mortality were only observed in group 1. mortality was 8%. the birds were depressed, ha ... | 1997 | 9228686 |
| dietary fish oil and fish and borage oil suppress intrapulmonary proinflammatory eicosanoid biosynthesis and attenuate pulmonary neutrophil accumulation in endotoxic rats. | proinflammatory eicosanoids and cytokines are important mediators of local inflammation in acute lung injury. we determined if enteral nutrition with anti-inflammatory fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid, and gamma-linolenic acid would reduce the intrapulmonary synthesis of proinflammatory eicosanoids and cytokines and pulmonary neutrophil accumulation in a rat model of acute lung injury. | 1997 | 9233748 |
| further search for virulence factors encoded by salmonella serovar-specific plasmids. | the so called salmonella virulence plasmids which are specifically prevalent among some of the s. enterica serovars were shown to contribute only marginally to the virulence make-up of salmonella, which is in contrast to shigella and yersinia spp. the experiments reported in this paper failed to find encoded plasmid factors which contribute to serum resistance, surface antigens, immunoinsufficiency or to up-regulation of chromosomally encoded factors such as toxins, surface antigens etc. taking ... | 1997 | 9241803 |
| [salmonellosis caused by unusual vehicles in molise]. | | 1996 | 9244462 |
| dietary calcium inhibits the intestinal colonization and translocation of salmonella in rats. | dietary calcium decreases the cytotoxicity of intestinal contents and intestinal epitheliolysis by precipitating cytotoxic surfactants such as bile acids. a decreased luminal cytotoxicity might not only strengthen the barrier function of the gut mucosa but also reinforce the protective, endogenous microflora. we hypothesized, therefore, that dietary calcium increases the resistance to intestinal infections. | 1997 | 9247475 |
| a novel model of bacterially-induced acute anterior uveitis in rats and the lack of effect from hla-b27 expression. | humans with the major histocompatibility antigen b27 (hla-b27) are especially at risk for developing rheumatic disorders such as ankylosing spondylitis and reiter's syndrome. acute anterior uveitis (aau) often occurs in association with these diseases or in hla b27 positive individuals without joint disease. | 1997 | 9250003 |
| sef17 fimbriae are essential for the convoluted colonial morphology of salmonella enteritidis. | salmonella enteritidis isolated from poultry infections generated a convoluted colonial morphology after 48 h growth on colonisation factor antigen (cfa) agar at 25 degrees c. a mutant s. enteritidis defective for the elaboration of the sef17 fimbrial antigen, in which the agf gene cluster was inactivated by insertion of an ampicillin resistance gene cassette, and other wild-type s. enteritidis transduced to this genotype failed to produce convoluted colonies. however, growth of sef17- mutants a ... | 1997 | 9252570 |
| increase in multiple antibiotic resistance in nontyphoidal salmonellas from humans in england and wales: a comparison of data for 1994 and 1996. | the incidence of multiple drug resistance (to four or more antimicrobials) in salmonellas from humans in england and wales in 1996 has been compared with corresponding data for 1994. for salmonella enteritidis multiple resistance has remained rare, although a high proportion of isolates of phage type 6a have shown resistance to ampicillin. for s. typhimurium multiple resistance has continued to increase, with 81% of isolates now multiresistant. of particular importance in s. typhimurium has been ... | 1997 | 9270996 |
| salmonella enterica var typhimurium and salmonella enterica var enteritidis express type 1 fimbriae in the rat in vivo. | in a series of experiments rats were dosed with purified type 1 fimbriae from salmonella enterica var enteritidis or with fimbriated cultures of either s. enterica var typhimurium or s. enterica var enteritidis. paraffin-wax embedded histological sections of jejunal and ileal tissue were taken and stained by the streptavidin biotin complex (sabc) staining technique for the detection of salmonella and type 1 fimbriae. on oral infection with enteritidis and typhimurium both bacteria were shown to ... | 1997 | 9271169 |
| inhibition of in vitro growth of enteropathogens by new lactobacillus isolates of human intestinal origin. | three human lactobacillus strains, coded b21060, b21070 and b21190, have recently been isolated. the strains show a series of features (acid and bile resistance, adhesion to various types of mucosal cell) which make them particularly promising for the preparation of probiotic products. in the present study, the ability of the strains to inhibit the growth of pathogens in coculture was investigated. lactobacilli were incubated simultaneously or after one overnight growth with enterotoxigenic esch ... | 1997 | 9271875 |
| in vivo treatment with endotoxin increases rat pulmonary vascular contractility despite nos induction. | pulmonary hypertension is a feature of clinical and experimental acute lung injury. nitric oxide (no) synthesis is increased in hyporesponsive systemic and pulmonary conductance arteries after endotoxin (lps) injection in the rat. we examined the effects of no synthase (nos) induction by lps on vascular reactivity of the isolated perfused rat lung (ipl) using the selective inducible (inos) inhibitor aminoguanidine (ag). baseline pulmonary artery pressures (ppa) were higher in the lps compared wi ... | 1997 | 9279254 |
| salmonellosis. | | 1997 | 9282347 |
| epidemiology of foodborne diseases: a worldwide review. | acute foodborne disease infections and intoxications are much more of a concern to governments and the food industry today than a few decades ago. some of the factors that have led to this include the identification of new agents that have caused life-threatening conditions; the finding that traditional agents are being associated with foods that were of no concern previously: an increasing number of large outbreaks being reported; the impact of foodborne disease on children, the aging populatio ... | 1997 | 9282385 |
| using laboratory-based surveillance data for prevention: an algorithm for detecting salmonella outbreaks. | by applying cumulative sums (cusum), a quality control method commonly used in manufacturing, we constructed a process for detecting unusual clusters among reported laboratory isolates of disease-causing organisms. we developed a computer algorithm based on minimal adjustments to the cusum method, which cumulates sums of the differences between frequencies of isolates and their expected means; we used the algorithm to identify outbreaks of salmonella enteritidis isolates reported in 1993. by com ... | 1997 | 9284390 |
| management of salmonella infections during pregnancy and puerperium. | the case history of a neonatal infection caused by salmonella enteritidis group d is presented. the mother suffered from gastroenteritis 1 week ante partum. the newborn was treated with ampicillin, gentamicin and later amoxicillin but 5 months later was still a carrier of salmonella. the possible route of infection and the guidelines for therapy and management of salmonella infections during pregnancy and puerperium are discussed. | 1997 | 9286145 |
| obstructive jaundice in rats results in exaggerated hepatic production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and systemic and tissue tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels after endotoxin. | obstructive jaundice (oj) predisposes patients to postoperative sepsis. we determined whether oj led to an increased endotoxin stimulated tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) production by macrophage-rich organs and whether a lack of intraluminal gut bile contributed to this increased sensitivity. | 1997 | 9288133 |
| substratum topography influences susceptibility of salmonella enteritidis biofilms to trisodium phosphate. | established (48- and 72-h) salmonella enteritidis biofilms grown in glass flow cells with or without artificial crevices (0.5-, 0.3-, and 0.15-mm widths) were subjected to a 10% trisodium phosphate (tsp) solution under different flow regimens (0.3, 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 cm s-1). the abundance of biofilm remaining after tsp treatment, the biocidal efficacy of tsp, and the factors which contributed to bacterial survival were then evaluated by using confocal laser microscopy and a fluorescent viability ... | 1997 | 9292984 |
| changing patterns of salmonella serovars: increase of salmonella enteritidis in são paulo, brazil. | serovars of a total of 5,490 salmonella strains isolated during the period of 1991-95, from human infections (2,254 strains) and from non-human materials (3,236 strains) were evaluated. in the studied period, 81 different serovars were determined among human isolates. salmonella enteritidis corresponded to 1.2% in 1991, 2% in 1992, 10.1% in 1993, 43.3% in 1994, and 64.9% in 1995 of all isolates. a significant rise on the isolation of this serovar was seen since 1993 linked to food poisoning outb ... | 1996 | 9293072 |
| sequence analysis and distribution of an is3-like insertion element isolated from salmonella enteritidis. | the nucleotide sequence of a 3 kb region immediately upstream of the sef operon of salmonella enteritidis was determined. a 1230 base pair insertion sequence which shared sequence identity (> 75%) with members of the is3 family was revealed. this element, designated is1230, had almost identical (90% identity) terminal inverted repeats to escherichia coli is3 but unlike other is3-like sequences lacked the two characteristic open reading frames which encode the putative transposase. s. enteritidis ... | 1997 | 9311118 |
| [biochemical and molecular characterization of salmonella serovar enteritidis phage type 4 isolated from food poisoning outbreaks in tokyo]. | since 1989, outbreaks of salmonella ser. enteritidis (s. enteritidis) food poisoning have dramatically increased in tokyo, and a total of 31 outbreaks has been reported in 1989. twenty-one of these 31 outbreaks were caused by s. enteritidis pt34, but 8 outbreaks were caused by s. enteritidis pt4. after 1990 instead of se pt34, food poisoning due to pt4, which was a very common phage type in the uk, has increased in tokyo. between 1989 and 1995, there were 144 food poisoning outbreaks caused by s ... | 1997 | 9311189 |
| [application of arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction analysis to epidemiological study of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis]. | an arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (ap-pcr) dna profile was applied to epidemiological analysis of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis. a total 21 strains of s. enteritidis isolated from 21 cases (10 cases of healthy persons, 7 cases of food poisoning outbreaks and 4 sporadic diarrhea cases), during the period between december 1991 and august 1996 in wakayama city, were used. a total of 60 arbitrary primers (dna oligomer (12) set, wako) were screened with 4 s. en ... | 1997 | 9311191 |
| intraabdominal macrocystic lymphatic malformation (lymphangioma) infected with salmonella enteritidis: case report and review. | | 1997 | 9314483 |
| lipopeptides of borrelia burgdorferi outer surface proteins induce th1 phenotype development in alphabeta t-cell receptor transgenic mice. | induction of the appropriate t helper cell (th) subset is crucial for the resolution of infectious diseases and the prevention of immunopathology. some pathogens preferentially induce th1 or th2 responses. how microorganisms influence th phenotype development is unknown. we asked if borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochete which causes lyme arthritis, can promote a cytokine milieu in which t cells which are not specific for b. burgdorferi are induced to produce proinflammatory cytokines. using alpha ... | 1997 | 9317013 |
| hla-b27 modulates the survival of salmonella enteritidis in transfected l cells, possibly by impaired nitric oxide production. | reactive arthritis is triggered by certain microbes that cause primary infections mainly on the gastrointestinal or urogenital mucosa. the disease is strongly associated with hla-b27. long persistence of causative microbes or their structures in the body has been thought to have an important role in the pathogenesis of reactive arthritis. this suggests that the elimination of the microbes causing reactive arthritis is ineffective or disturbed in hla-b27-positive individuals developing this compl ... | 1997 | 9317032 |
| a sublethal dose of lps to pregnant rats induces tnf-alpha tolerance in their 0-day-old offspring. | the newborn has high mortality in septic shock. induction of endotoxin tolerance may prevent endotoxic shock in the newborn. the present study showed that a small dose of salmonella enteritidis lipopolysaccharide (s. ent. lps), rc mutant escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (j5 lps), or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha) given to pregnant rats on the 19th day of gestation induced endotoxin tolerance in their 0-day-old offspring. s. ent. lps or j5 lps injected into pregnant rats increased pla ... | 1997 | 9321899 |
| ontogeny of the phagocytic and bactericidal activities of turkey heterophils and their potentiation by salmonella enteritidis-immune lymphokines. | heterophils, the functional equivalent to the mammalian neutrophil, are important mediators of natural resistance against invasive pathogens in poultry. young poultry are susceptible to pathogens, such as salmonella enteritidis, during the first week post-hatch. no studies have evaluated the ontogeny of heterophil function in turkeys during the first few weeks post-hatch. previous studies from our laboratory have shown day-old poults were protected against s. enteritidis organ invasion following ... | 1997 | 9322074 |
| an institutional outbreak of salmonella enteritidis in singapore. | a large outbreak of food poisoning occurred in singapore in march 1995 when a total of 188 inmates in an institution was taken ill. salmonella enteritidis was isolated from the stool cultures of 35 inmates (16 symptomatic and 19 asymptomatic). all the isolates were of the serotype profile 0:1, 9, 12 and h:g, m (antigen phase i); all were sensitive to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole and ciprofloxacin. plasmid profile analysis and restriction enzyme fragmentation patterns ... | 1997 | 9322289 |
| a cole1-type plasmid from salmonella enteritidis encodes a dna cytosine methyltransferase. | the multicopy plasmid pfm366 was isolated from a virulent salmonella enteritidis strain and was found to code for dna methylase activity (ibáñez and rotger, 1993). the present work was aimed at characterizing the genetic organization and functional features of this 5.6 kb plasmid. we found pfm366 almost identical to the plasmid p4 isolated from shigella sonnei, that encodes the ssoii restriction-modification system (karyagina et al., 1993), and related to other cole1-type plasmids. examination o ... | 1997 | 9322752 |
| [the clinical picture of generalized forms of salmonellosis]. | clinical presentation of generalized salmonellosis is reviewed. typhus-like form occurred in 28, septic form in 15 cases (0.5 and 0.3% of all the patients observed, respectively). salmonellosis sepsis is hard to detect in view of multiple visceral lesions, long-term fever and severe intoxication. | 1996 | 9324801 |
| superficial salmonella abscesses in two siblings with sickle cell diseases. | salmonella infection in sickle cell disease patients is generally well-known but presentation as superficial abscess is relatively uncommon. two sisters aged 4 1/2 and 6 years presented with superficial subcutaneous abscesses that were caused by the same strain of salmonella enteriditis group c. despite in vitro susceptibility with a mic of 0.03 microgram/ml and an adequate dosage of ciprofloxacin there was a relapse with widespread dissemination of the same organism in the younger sister who su ... | 1997 | 9329291 |
| bacteriological monitoring of salmonella enteritidis carrier birds after decontamination using enrofloxacin, competitive exclusion and movement of birds. | two hundred and forty, four-week-old laying birds naturally infected with salmonella enteritidis pt33 (pasteur institute phage typing system) were randomly divided twice (before and during the treatments) to obtain four separately housed groups of 60 birds and to study the efficacy of three decontamination treatments: enrofloxacin either with or without the movement of birds to a clean area, and enrofloxacin combined with movement of birds and a competitive exclusion treatment. the control group ... | 1997 | 9330473 |
| [salmonellosis in 1995]. | | 1997 | 9333866 |
| crucial role of interleukin-10/interleukin-12 balance in the regulation of the type 2 t helper cytokine response in reactive arthritis. | to investigate whether a predominant type 1 t helper (th1) or th2 cytokine pattern is present in the joints of patients with reactive arthritis (rea), and whether the cytokine pattern can be modulated by cytokines or anticytokines. | 1997 | 9336412 |
| pharmacodynamic parameters of ofloxacin, tobramycin and ceftriaxone and their effect on the biological properties of salmonellae. | the postantibiotic effect and postantibiotic sub-mic effect of ofloxacin (cas 82419-36-1), tobramycin (cas 32986-56-4) and ceftriaxone (cas 73384-59-5) on two salmonella serotypes (s. typhimurium and s. enteritidis) were studied. the influence of postantibiotic effect and postantibiotic sub-mic effect of the antibiotics on prophage induction of the lysogenic s. typhimurium strain and on congo red binding by both serovars as indicator of their invasive ability was examined. the postantibiotic eff ... | 1997 | 9342422 |
| immunopharmacological activity of polysaccharide from the pericarb of mangosteen garcinia: phagocytic intracellular killing activities. | polysaccharides from the pericarbs of mangosteen, garcinia mangostana linn., was obtained by treating the dried ground pericarbs with hot water followed by ethanol precipitation (m fraction). the extract was fractionated by anion exchange chromatography on a deae-cellulose column as mde1-5 fractions. the fractions of mde3 and mde4 composed of mainly d-galacturonic acid and a small amount of neutral sugar (l-arabinose as the major one and l-rhamnose and d-galactose as the minor ones) were studied ... | 1997 | 9347663 |
| immersion heat treatments for inactivation of salmonella enteritidis with intact eggs. | the effects of water-bath immersion heat treatments on the inactivation of salmonella enteritidis within intact shell eggs were evaluated. six pooled strains of salm. enteritidis (ca 3 x 10(8) cfu, inoculated near the centre of the yolk) were completely inactivated within 50-57.5 min at a bath temperature of 58 degrees c and within 65-75 min at 57 degrees c (an 8.4 to 8.5-d process per egg). following the initial 24 to 35-min come-up period, semilogarithmic survivor curves obtained at 58 and 57 ... | 1997 | 9351225 |
| novel selective and non-selective optical detection of microorganisms. | a new instrument, capable of detecting metabolic changes due to microbiological activity, is described. optical changes in growth media are monitored in a semi-fluid zone that separates the liquid medium containing the sample. data demonstrate that common media can be utilized in conjunction with this rapid automated technology. nutrient broth with the ph dye indicator. bromocresol purple was suitable for total counts. selective media containing dyes were utilized to assess the presence or absen ... | 1997 | 9351264 |
| transferable resistance to cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and aztreonam and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in a strain of salmonella enteritidis. | | 1997 | 9352270 |
| distribution of salmonella contamination in ten animal feedmills. | detailed sampling of spillage and dust from milling equipment was carried out in nine animal feedmills, three of which were sampled twice. the salmonella isolation rate ranged from 1.1% to 41.7% of the samples and the most contaminated mills were those where the inside of the cooling systems for pellet or mash had been colonised by salmonella. a wide range of salmonella serotypes were isolated which included salmonella typhimurium and s. enteritidis. limited sampling every two weeks for an 18-mo ... | 1997 | 9355251 |
| invasion of chicken reproductive tissues and forming eggs is not unique to salmonella enteritidis. | experiments were conducted in which salmonella enteritidis phage type 8, phage type 2, and rdnc (reaction does not conform) or three isolates of salmonella typhimurium of diverse origin were fed to adult laying hens to determine if s. enteritidis has a selective advantage over s. typhimurium, which is now rarely isolated from chicken eggs, in its capacity to invade reproductive tissues. the results revealed that s. enteritidis and s. typhimurium may be equal in their potential to colonize the ti ... | 1997 | 9356697 |
| differences in frequency, level, and duration of cecal carriage between four outbred chicken lines infected orally with salmonella enteritidis. | four chicken lines, l2, b13, pa12 (egg-type), and y11 (meat-type), were tested for experimental carrier state of salmonella enteritidis (se) in two identical trials. after oral inoculation of se at 1 wk of age with 5 x 10(4) se colony-forming units (cfu), 10 chickens per line were necropsied weekly for 6 wk and then every 8 or 15 days until the 12th week postinoculation (pi). liver, spleen, ovary, and ceca were examined for level of se colonization. numbers of positive livers and spleens and lev ... | 1997 | 9356700 |
| genotypic evaluation of salmonella enteritidis isolates of known phage types by arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction. | salmonella enteritidis isolates of known phage types 8, 13a, and 14b were inoculated separately into a group of 14-wk-old specific-pathogen-free chickens. s. enteritidis isolates from pre- and postinoculum were analyzed with the use of arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction to determine any genotypic changes after reisolation from the chickens. the preinoculum isolates and the isolates of s. enteritidis recovered at 5, 10, 20, and 35 days postinoculation from the inoculated chickens with v ... | 1997 | 9356723 |
| pcr amplification of ribosomal dna spacer regions of salmonella enteritidis isolates. | polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to amplify ribosomal dna spacer regions from nine salmonella enteritidis field isolates. unique products of 480 and 660 bp were obtained from the isolates. pcr product (480bp) was then cloned into puc18 vector by blunt end ligation. | 1997 | 9357177 |
| importance of the serovar-specific plasmid for virulence of salmonella strains in calves. | to evaluate the influence of serovar-specific plasmids on salmonella virulence in calves, experiments were performed involving infection, by the oral route, with mixtures of strains containing equal counts of a plasmid-carrying and a plasmid-free strain of the same serovar. the concentration ratio between the plasmid-carrying and the plasmid-free strain which had developed in the organs of the infected animals was used for a comparative evaluation of virulence and pathogenetic behaviour of the s ... | 1997 | 9361383 |
| maximizing the usefulness of food microbiology research. | funding for food microbiology research often follows disease outbreaks: botulism from vacuum-packed white-fish chubs, listeriosis from soft cheeses, or illness due to salmonella enteritidis or escherichia coli. as a consequence of research, detection, identification, and subtyping methods improve, and more is learned about pathogenicity and virulence. research also explores the organisms' capacity to multiply or survive in food and to be killed by established or novel processes. however, rarely ... | 1997 | 9366606 |
| salmonella lung involvement in patients with hiv infection. | to determine the frequency, clinical features, and outcome of lung involvement in hiv-infected patients having nontyphoid strains of salmonella bacteremia. | 1997 | 9367457 |
| fatality due to severe salmonella enteritis associated with acute renal failure and septicemia. | a 66-year-old man was hospitalized for abdominal pain and diarrhea of more than 10 times a day. he had been under regular medication with prednisolone for rheumatoid arthritis. on admission, laboratory data and clinical examination indicated inflammation, dehydration, acute renal failure with a high level of serum musculogenic enzyme (creatine kinase), and ileus. salmonella enteritidis was isolated from his fecal and blood samples. the patient died within 24 hours after admission, and autopsy sh ... | 1997 | 9372342 |
| [epidemiological and microbiological studies on salmonellosis in russia]. | the occurrence of the most important salmonella serovars in russia from 1980 to 1993 is reported. selected salmonella strains isolated in russia from 1951 to 1993 were characterized by serotype, phage type, resistance pattern, plasmid profile and detection of aerobactin production. the incidence of salmonellosis was different in the various administrative districts and varied between 0-235 cases/100,000 inhabitants. since the middle of the eighties both the overall increase of salmonellosis and ... | 1995 | 9376048 |
| [an assessment of the connection between the annual population morbidity of salmonellosis due to salmonella enteritidis and the dynamics of the epizootic process among chickens in commercial poultry plants]. | the dynamics of annual morbidity in salmonellosis caused by s. enteritidis among the population of perm during the period of 1987-1992 was analyzed. blood sera taken from 4,689 practically healthy donors and from 6,997 hens at poultry breeding complexes were studied in the passive hemagglutination test with the use of complex salmonella diagnosticum. the study revealed that seasonal rises in morbidity caused by s. enteritidis in winter and spring months, as well as in autumn months, were linked ... | 1995 | 9381875 |
| bacterial ghosts as multifunctional vaccine particles. | expression of cloned phix174 gene e in gram-negative bacteria results in lysis of the bacteria by formation of an e-specific transmembrane tunnel structure built through the cell envelope complex. bacterial ghosts have been produced from a variety of bacteria including escherichia coli. salmonella typhimurium, salmonella enteritidis, vibrio cholerae, klebsiella pneumoniae, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, pasteurella haemolytica, pasteurella multocida, and helicobacter py ... | 1997 | 9382740 |
| acute scrotal inflammation caused by salmonella in young infants. | | 1997 | 9384347 |