| [a case of pneumonia due to coinfection by mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae]. | few cases of mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia pneumoniae coinfection in pneumonia have been reported in adults. we report a case of such a double infection in a young adult. a 16-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital with dry cough and fever. laboratory findings revealed elevated serum got and gpt levels. the patient had been administered a beta-lactam antibiotic before admission to our hospital. antibodies to m. pneumoniae were significantly elevated. titers of igm and igg specific for c ... | 2002 | 12692948 |
| in silico inference of inclusion membrane protein family in obligate intracellular parasites chlamydiae. | chlamydiae are obligate intracellular pathogens that proliferate only inside a vacuole, called an inclusion. chlamydial inc proteins are known to be a major component of the inclusion membrane, but little is known about the gene number and function. the inc proteins share very low sequence similarity but a similar hydropathy profile among them. using the hydropathy profile, we computationally searched the open reading frames (orfs) having a similar profile and predicted 90 and 36 orfs (inc-like ... | 2003 | 12693550 |
| the effect of viable chlamydia pneumoniae on serum cytokines and adhesion molecules in hemodialysis patients. | chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) induces the production of cytokines and adhesion molecules in infected host eukaryotic cells. the causes for pro-inflammatory cytokine and adhesion molecule increase in hemodialysis (hd) patients have not been fully elucidated. the possibility that, in this particularly atherosclerotic population, cp, a microorganism implicated in the infectious-based inflammatory hypothesis of atherosclerosis' is also responsible for these molecules' increase is assessed in this study. | 2003 | 12694314 |
| a functional variant of the myeloperoxidase gene is associated with cardiovascular disease in end-stage renal disease patients. | cardiovascular disease (cvd) is the leading cause of mortality in end-stage renal disease (esrd) patients and there is emerging evidence that genetic factors may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. myeloperoxidase (mpo) is an abundant enzyme involved in the production of free radicals. a functional g-->a single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) has been identified at position -463, where the a allele is associated with lower mpo expression. to analyze the association between this snp a ... | 2003 | 12694338 |
| serological association between chlamydia pneumoniae infection and age-related macular degeneration. | age-related macular degeneration (armd) is a leading cause of blindness in the united states, but the mechanisms that initiate and promote the disease remain ill defined. there are several risk factors that armd shares with atherosclerosis, and these diseases may have similar pathogenic mechanisms that involve inflammation. chlamydia pneumoniae, a prokaryotic pathogen that causes chronic inflammation is now emerging as a risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases. it is therefore ... | 2003 | 12695244 |
| [tuberculous pneumonia in children]. | tuberculosis (tb) is one of the most common infectious diseases worldwide. data from who show that one third of the world population is estimated to be infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis (tm). tb remains an important problem for adults and children in lithuania as number of new diagnosed children's tb cases vary between 16.7-21.8 per 100 000 population. the aim of this article is to present the tb pneumonia in childhood: peculiarities of clinical forms, symptoms, diagnostics, treatment and ... | 2003 | 12695634 |
| comparative studies of glycosaminoglycan involvement in chlamydia pneumoniae and c. trachomatis invasion of host cells. | the role of glycosaminoglycans (gags) in the invasion of host cells by chlamydia pneumoniae strains tw-183 and a-03 was investigated and compared with the role of invasion by c. trachomatis serovars l2 and e. the quantities of epithelial and endothelial cell-surface gags, as well as chlamydial elementary body (eb)-surface gags, were investigated. when specific enzymes were used to cleave gags from host cells or ebs, decreased infection rates were observed with c. pneumoniae and c. trachomatis se ... | 2003 | 12696009 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae: another agent added to the growing list of transfusion-transmitted pathogens? | | 2003 | 12702173 |
| a lack of serologic evidence of transmission of chlamydia pneumoniae by transfusion of buffy coat-depleted rbcs. | recent studies have shown that a high percentage of blood donors harbor chlamydia pneumoniae dna and antigens within their pbmncs. the aim of the present study was to investigate whether recipients of rbc transfusions who were seronegative for c. pneumoniae before transfusion showed any evidence of seroconversion after transfusion. | 2003 | 12702188 |
| temporal expression of type iii secretion genes of chlamydia pneumoniae. | chlamydia pneumoniae has been shown to possess at least 13 genes that are homologous with other known type iii secretion (tts) systems. upon infection of hep-2 cells with c. pneumoniae, the expression of these genes was followed by reverse transcriptase pcr throughout the developmental cycle of this obligate intracellular pathogen. in addition, expression was analyzed when c. pneumoniae was grown in the presence of human gamma interferon (ifn-gamma). the groel-1, ompa, and omcb genes were used a ... | 2003 | 12704128 |
| early atherosclerosis and chlamydia pneumoniae infection in the coronary arteries. | in non-atheromatous segments of coronary arteries a sequence of preatherosclerotic changes was identified which consisted of medial thickening followed by intimal thickening. more recently, chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity was associated with enhanced intima-media thickness of arteries. in the present study the intimal and medial thickness of coronary artery of young adults were measured, and were correlated with the presence of chlamydia pneumoniae antigens. proximal and distal segments of t ... | 2003 | 12704446 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae iga seropositivity is associated with increased risk for atherosclerotic vascular disease, myocardial infarction and stroke in dialysis patients. | atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing dialysis therapy. aim of the study was to evaluate whether there is a correlation between a past infection with chlamydia pneumoniae inducing antibody production and the manifestation of symptomatic atherosclerotic disease in patients with chronic renal failure on hemodialysis. | 2003 | 12708567 |
| [persistence of pneumotrophic infective agents in acute bronchopulmonary diseases in children]. | 175 children with acute bronchopulmonary pathology were examined for the presence of the pneumotropic infective agents by serological and bacteriological methods. in most children microbial associations with the prevalence of mycoplasmas, pneumocycts and, to a lesser extent, chlamydiae were detected. the considerable activation of cytomegalovirus (cmv) infection in children with pneumonia and bronchitis was noted. taking into account the results of the examination and the clinico-anamnestic data ... | 2000 | 12712511 |
| [role of chlamydia pneumoniae in the etiology of atherosclerosis]. | the review of literature on the role of c. pneumoniae in the etiology of atherosclerosis is presented. the patients with coronary disease show a greater detection rate and higher titers of antibodies to c. pneumoniae. the causative agent can be detected in atheromas in of immunocytochemical studies and by means of electron microscopy, as well as in the polymerase chain reaction. in addition, live c. pneumoniae can be isolated from atheromas. the process of atherogenesis is modeled by infecting s ... | 2000 | 12712533 |
| c-reactive protein and anti-chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies as risk factors of cardiovascular death in incident patients on peritoneal dialysis. | recently it has been pointed out that inflammation and infections caused by germs such as chlamydia pneumoniae are independent cardiovascular risk factors for the general population, but information about these relationships in dialysis patients is scarce. this work was done to analyze the association of c-reactive protein (crp) and igg anti-chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies (anti-chlp-igg) as independent cardiovascular risk factors in incident patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis ... | 2003 | 12713079 |
| expression and translocation of chlamydial protease during acute and persistent infection of the epithelial hep-2 cells with chlamydophila (chlamydia) pneumoniae. | chlamydial protease-like activity factor (cpaf) is secreted to the cytoplasm of the infected cells where it proteolytically cleaves eukaryotic transcription factor rfx5. here, we determined the localization pattern of cpaf during the course of an acute and persistent in vitro infection of the epithelial cell line hep-2 with chlamydophila pneumoniae strain vr1310. using immunoblotting, confocal microscopy and electron microscopy, we found cpaf in the inclusion lumen or associated with bacteria du ... | 2003 | 12713490 |
| is chlamydia pneumoniae infection a risk factor for age related macular degeneration? | | 2003 | 12714382 |
| chlamydophila pneumoniae induces icam-1 expression in human aortic endothelial cells via protein kinase c-dependent activation of nuclear factor-kappab. | chlamydophila pneumoniae has an epidemiological link with atherosclerosis and acute cardiovascular events. one mechanism that may explain such a link is the increased expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (icam-1) in c pneumoniae-infected endothelial cells. upregulation of icam-1 by c pneumoniae is well recognized and has been extensively studied, but the signaling pathways involved are not yet defined. because upregulation of icam-1 by cytokines and other stimuli has been shown to be ... | 2003 | 12714566 |
| levofloxacin kills chlamydia pneumoniae and modulates interleukin 6 production by hep-2 cells. | chlamydia pneumoniae is known to cause acute respiratory infection and more recently it has been studied as a pathogen causing inflammatory changes in chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis. this study addresses the antichlamydial effect of levofloxacin and its role in modulation of a proinflammatory cytokine il-6 production by uninfected and infected hep-2 cells. | 2003 | 12714806 |
| nucleic acid amplification tests for the diagnosis of pneumonia. | molecular diagnostic techniques, such as polymerase chain reaction (pcr), are promising tools for the rapid etiological diagnosis of pneumonia. pcr offers potential advantages over conventional tests for the detection of mycoplasma pneumoniae, legionella species, and chlamydia pneumoniae. for pneumococcal pneumonia in adults, pcr adds little to existing diagnostic tests and is unable to distinguish pneumococcal colonization from infection when testing respiratory samples. although pcr is probabl ... | 2003 | 12715312 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae serology: comparing a commercial enzyme immunoassay and microimmunofluorescence test in patients with cardiovascular disease. | chlamydia pneumoniae has been associated with cardiovascular disease and the detection of c. pneumoniae antibodies has subsequently challenged many cardiovascular investigators. the micro-immunofluoresence (mif) test is considered the gold standard for detection of c. pneumoniae antibodies, but requires a high-level of expertise for adequate interpretation. we compared an enzyme immunoassay (eia) with a microimmunofluorescence test for the detection of c. pneumoniae igg- and iga antibodies in se ... | 2003 | 12716394 |
| prospective epidemiologic survey of patients with community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization in switzerland. | community-acquired pneumonia (cap) is a common problem and the principal infection requiring hospitalization, but its treatment is complicated by the difficulty in microbiological diagnosis and the increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance among respiratory pathogens. the purpose of this paper is to present the main epidemiologic features of patients with cap requiring hospitalization in our country. | 2002 | 12718823 |
| interactions between chlamydia pneumoniae and trace elements: a possible link to aortic valve sclerosis. | an association between chlamydia pneumoniae and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases has been suggested. however, other factors may interact in the pathogenesis of valve sclerosis. therefore, trace elements important for c. pneumoniae growth and host defense and markers of c. pneumoniae infection were studied in sclerotic valves and serum. forty-six patients undergoing surgical valve replacement due to advanced aortic sclerosis were prospectively studied. valves from 15 forensic cases with no ... | 2003 | 12719605 |
| aspirin inhibits chlamydia pneumoniae-induced nf-kappa b activation, cyclo-oxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin e2 synthesis and attenuates chlamydial growth. | infection with chlamydia pneumoniae has been implicated as a potential risk factor for atherosclerosis. this study was designed to investigate the mechanisms of the anti-chlamydial activity of aspirin. a reporter gene assay for nf-kappa b activity, immunoblot analysis for cyclo-oxygenase (cox)-2 and radioimmunoassay for prostaglandin e(2) (pge(2)) were performed. following infection of hep-2 cells with c. pneumoniae, nf-kappa b was activated, cox-2 was induced and pge(2) was elevated. aspirin in ... | 2003 | 12721317 |
| [chlamydia (chlamydophila) pneumoniae pneumonia]. | | 2003 | 12722268 |
| [prophylaxis of pneumonia occurring outside the hospital in organized groups]. | | 2003 | 12722363 |
| role of chlamydia pneumoniae-infected macrophages in atherosclerosis developments of the carotid artery. | chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) infection has been recently accepted as an important cause of atherosclerosis. however, the precise mechanisms remain unclear. the present study was aimed to clarify the distribution link among c. pneumoniae, chlamydial hsp 60, and activated macrophages. atheromatous carotid plaques were obtained from 40 consecutive carotid endarterectomies (cea). the specimens were prepared for he and elastica-van gieson staining. parallel sections were stained immunocytoche ... | 2003 | 12722920 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae iga titres and coronary heart disease: prospective study and meta-analysis. | | 2003 | 12727159 |
| [role of chlamydia in atherosclerosis]. | | 2003 | 12728571 |
| [effect of chronic chlamydia infection with non-specific inflammation on cardiovascular complications in acute myocardial infarct]. | it is known that local and systemic inflammatory processes play an important role in the genesis and development of atheroclerotic lesions and in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes. this hypothesis is supported by findings of elevated parameters of the "inflammatory" reaction in the affected blood vessels but also in the blood of atherosclerotic patients. known risk factors do not explain quite satisfactorily epidemiological cardiovascular phenomena and different manifestations of c ... | 2003 | 12728577 |
| detection of chlamydia pneumoniae but not of helicobacter pylori in symptomatic atherosclerotic carotids associated with enhanced serum antibodies, inflammation and apoptosis rate. | numerous seroepidemiological and pathological studies linked chlamydia pneumoniae and helicobacter pylori with atherosclerosis. however, analyses of these infectious agents in the pathogenesis of stroke are either lacking or contradictory. therefore, we evaluated the detection rate of c. pneumoniae and h. pylori in normal carotids vs. atherosclerotic carotids and compared these findings with serology, plaque morphology, inflammatory cell infiltrates and apoptosis rate. | 2003 | 12732399 |
| ethnic distribution of chlamydophila pneumoniae antibodies in a malaysian population and possible correlation with coronary heart disease. | chlamydophila pneumoniae, an important respiratory pathogen causing lower respiratory tract infections, has also been implicated in coronary heart disease (chd). this study reports a cross-sectional, demographic, serological analysis of the prevalence of chlamydophila pneumoniae antibodies in a multiracial malaysian population. generally, malaysian indians had the highest degree of seropositivity (58%) followed by the chinese (54%) and the malays (32%), results which were statistically significa ... | 2003 | 12733835 |
| detection of chlamydia pneumoniae-specific antibodies binding to the vd2 and vd3 regions of the major outer membrane protein. | although chlamydia pneumoniae is an important human pathogen, the antigens eliciting a specific humoral immune response remain elusive. we scrutinized several recombinant chlamydial surface proteins for species-specific recognition by a panel of human sera previously tested for the presence of anti-c. pneumoniae and anti-c. trachomatis antibodies by microimmunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the 15-kda cysteine-rich protein (crpa), porin-b (porb), 9-kda outer membrane protein ... | 2003 | 12734234 |
| [the unstable carotid stenosis: definition and biological processes]. | the occurrence of cerebral or retinal ischemic symptoms ipsilateral to high-grade internal carotid artery (ica) stenosis indicates a status of instability with a substantial risk for future major stroke. additionally, the detection of microembolic signals downstream of ica stenosis is predictive for future cerebral ischemia in asymptomatic and symptomatic patients. there is substantial evidence that in unstable ica stenosis plaque rupture and thrombus formation are the most frequent pathoanatomi ... | 2003 | 12736700 |
| effective macrophage redox defense against chlamydia pneumoniae depends on l-type ca2+ channel activation. | macrophage immune capability depends on their efficient redox potential expressed in the effective release of reactive oxygen species (ros) and nitric oxide. in this study the effect of the activation of a specialized ca(2+) channel on macrophage redox function during chlamydia pneumoniae infection was explored. c. pneumoniae exhibited a profound and sustained ca(2+) influx capacity, with evidence of activity attributable to their lipopolysaccharide (clps) content. also the organism showed an ad ... | 2003 | 12736823 |
| [late t-lymphocyte and monocyte activation in coronary restenosis. evidence for a persistent inflammatory/immune mechanism?]. | this study was made to determine if restenosis after percutaneous coronary angioplasty is associated with acute or chronic inflammatory/immunologic activity, and explored possible relationships with latent infection. | 2003 | 12737784 |
| production of chlamydia pneumoniae proteins in bacillus subtilis and their use in characterizing immune responses in the experimental infection model. | due to intracellular growth requirements, large-scale cultures of chlamydiae and purification of its proteins are difficult and laborious. to overcome these problems we produced chlamydial proteins in a heterologous host, bacillus subtilis, a gram-positive nonpathogenic bacterium. the genes of chlamydia pneumoniae major outer membrane protein (momp), the cysteine-rich outer membrane protein (omp2), and the heat shock protein (hsp60) were amplified by pcr, and the pcr products were cloned into ex ... | 2003 | 12738633 |
| failure to detect chlamydia pneumoniae by cell culture and polymerase chain reaction in major arteries of 93 patients with atherosclerosis. | to detect chlamydia pneumoniae in punch specimens of the aortic wall of 61 patients undergoing coronary-aortic bypass graft, and carotid atheromas of 32 patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy, cell culture (hep-2 cells) and two polymerase chain reaction assays in two different laboratories were used. all cultures and polymerase chain reaction tests for chlamydia pneumoniae were negative. further studies are required to explore the complex relationship between chlamydia pneumoniae and atheros ... | 2003 | 12739106 |
| community-acquired pneumonia in southeast asia: the microbial differences between ambulatory and hospitalized patients. | to determine microbial agents causing community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in southeast asia. | 2003 | 12740268 |
| t helper type 1 lymphocytes drive inflammation in human atherosclerotic lesions. | atherosclerotic lesions are infiltrated by macrophages and t lymphocytes, potentially reactive to pathogens. we studied in vivo activated t lymphocytes that infiltrate atherosclerotic plaques of helicobacter pylori-infected patients with or without anti-chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies. in all atherosclerotic lesions, t helper type 1 (th1) cells were predominant. c. pneumoniae-specific t cells were detected only in the plaques of anti-c. pneumoniae seropositive patients, whereas h. pylori-specifi ... | 2003 | 12740434 |
| lack of association between chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity and aortic atherosclerotic plaques: a population-based transesophageal echocardiographic study. | the objective of this study was to examine the relationship between chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity and aortic atherosclerotic plaques in the general population. | 2003 | 12742286 |
| monitoring intracellular replication of chlamydophila (chlamydia) pneumoniae in cell cultures and comparing clinical samples by real-time pcr. | strains of chlamydophila pneumoniae may be associated with respiratory disease or atherosclerosis. two real-time quantitative pcr assays targeting the species-specific genes cpn0278 and argr were developed to compare the in vitro growth of respiratory strains ar39 and k6 with that of atherosclerotic strain a03 and to quantify c. pneumoniae in clinical samples. a third real-time pcr assay was designed to assess contamination with mycoplasma spp. the assays targeting c. pneumoniae detected dna con ... | 2003 | 12742318 |
| synergistic effect of persistent chlamydia pneumoniae infection, autoimmunity, and inflammation on coronary risk. | given the role of chronic infections, autoimmunity, and inflammation in atherosclerosis, we studied the joint effect of chronic chlamydia pneumoniae infection, persistently elevated human heat-shock protein 60 (hhsp60) antibodies, and c-reactive protein (crp) on coronary risk. | 2003 | 12743003 |
| dendritic cells co-localize with activated cd4+ t cells in giant cell arteritis. | giant cell arteritis (gca) is a vasculitis predominantly affecting medium- and large-sized arteries. recent data show the co-localization of dendritic cells and chlamydia pneumoniae in vascular biopsies from gca patients. here we define the topographical relation of dendritic cells and these activated t-cells to determine the antigen presenting cell in gca, and to examine several auxiliary biochemical and genetic aspects relating to the role of bacteria such as c. pneumoniae in eliciting gca. | 2003 | 12747272 |
| higher prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity in finnish twins compared with co-twins living in sweden: relationships with markers of subclinical atherosclerosis. | mortality rates from coronary heart disease are lower in swedish men and among finnish migrants who have lived in sweden for over 20 years than in men living in finland. sero-epidemiological studies, investigations of atheromatous plaque specimens, in vitro animal models and anti-chlamydial antibiotic trials have given support to the hypothesis that chlamydia pneumoniae (cpn) has a role in atherosclerosis. we investigated whether men with a similar genetic background but living permanently in fi ... | 2003 | 12747799 |
| egr-1, a major link between infection and atherosclerosis? | | 2003 | 12750307 |
| failure to detect chlamydia pneumoniae dna in cerebral aneurysmal sac tissue with two different polymerase chain reaction methods. | chlamydia pneumoniae (c pneumoniae) is a common cause of a usually mild, community acquired pneumonia. this organism, however, can spread from the respiratory tract into other parts of the body and has been detected in up to 70% of atheromatous lesions in blood vessels. although the exact mechanism of the c pneumoniae contribution to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis remains unknown, prophylactic antibiotic trials are planned for people at high risk for coronary disease. | 2003 | 12754346 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae dna in patients with symptomatic carotid atherosclerotic disease. | we evaluated the correlation between the presence of chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerotic carotid plaques, lymph nodes, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs), and symptomatic carotid atherosclerotic disease. | 2003 | 12756349 |
| hit-hit and hit-run: viruses in the playing field of multiple sclerosis. | viruses have been major players in the search for the cause of multiple sclerosis (ms). in support of the viral theory is the predominance of cd8+ t cells and class-i major histocompatibility complex in lesions, the powerful therapeutic effects of beta interferons, the ease of inducing demyelination in experimental models following virus challenge, and the documented examples of several human demyelinating diseases conclusively demonstrated to be of viral origin. we propose two hypotheses of how ... | 2003 | 12760396 |
| role of infections in atherogenesis. | | 2003 | 12760584 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae resists antibiotics in lymphocytes. | chlamydia pneumoniae infection of lymphocytes in blood has been well documented, and it is apparent that control of this pathogen in these cells may be critical in the development of chronic inflammatory diseases associated with infection by this bacterium. the activity of antibiotics against c. pneumoniae in lymphocytes was assessed in this study by utilizing an in vitro infection model with lymphoid cells. the results obtained indicated that although all of the antibiotics tested showed remark ... | 2003 | 12760877 |
| involvement of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in controlling chlamydia pneumoniae growth in epithelial hep-2 cells. | nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs) play an essential role in neurotransmission. recent studies have indicated that nachrs may be involved in the regulation of some bacterial infections through immunological mechanisms in macrophages. however, the regulation of infection with chlamydia pneumoniae, which is a ubiquitous pneumonia-causing bacterium, by an nachr-mediated mechanism is still unclear. in the present study, it was found that stimulation of nachrs with ligands such as nicotine an ... | 2003 | 12761154 |
| induction of oral tolerance as treatment or prevention of chronic diseases associated with chlamydia pneumoniae infection--hypothesis. | chlamydia pneumoniae infection is associated with chronic diseases such as asthma, reactive arthritis, and atherosclerosis. several investigations and experimental results indicate an excessive immune response to heat shock protein (hsp) 60 as a possible common pathogenetic link between chlamydia pneumoniae infection and the associated chronic diseases. | 2003 | 12761463 |
| [study on the relationship between chlamydia infection and otitis media with effusion]. | to evaluate the relationship between chlamydia infection and otitis media with effusion and to establish a method for detection of chlamydia antibodies in local fluids. | 1999 | 12764856 |
| the influence of comorbidity on the effect of levofloxacin treatment success of ambulatory respiratory tract infections. | the influence of patient relevant parameters such as age, comorbidity, or duration of disease on the treatment success of levofloxacin for community-acquired respiratory tract infections (carti) has not been thoroughly elucidated. we therefore conducted a prospective cohort study of 9831 patients with carti in a clinical practice setting. the patients received 500 mg of levofloxacin once a day over a mean of seven days. twenty-two attributes per patient were recorded before treatment initiation ... | 2003 | 12764869 |
| is chlamydia pneumoniae an important pathogen in patients with community-acquired pneumonia? | | 2003 | 12765413 |
| chlamydia species as a cause of community-acquired pneumonia in canada. | chlamydia pneumoniae has been implicated as a cause of community-acquired pneumonia (cap) in several studies. however, there has been no comprehensive study of the role of chlamydia species (c. pneumoniae, c. psittaci (avian and feline strains) and c. pecorum) as a cause of cap. the aim of the present study was to determine the role of c. pneumoniae, c. psittaci and c. pecorum as causes of cap. a prospective cohort observational study of cap was conducted at 15 teaching centres in eight canadian ... | 2003 | 12765420 |
| antibiotics in primary prevention of myocardial infarction among elderly patients with hypertension. | given the premise that certain bacteria (such as chlamydia pneumoniae) may play a role in the etiology of atherosclerosis, subjects treated with antibiotics that have antibacterial activity against c pneumoniae may be at lower risk for the development of an acute myocardial infarction (mi) than untreated subjects. | 2003 | 12766754 |
| prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae in the atherosclerotic plaque of patients with unstable angina and its relation with serology. | chlamydia pneumoniae has been associated with coronary artery disease by both seroepidemiological studies, and by direct detection of the micro-organism in atherosclerotic lesions. this bacteria could play a potential role in the development of acute coronary events. we examined coronary arteries from patients with unstable angina in order to verify an endovascular presence of c. pneumoniae, and to determine if there is any relationship between serology of acute infection by this pathogen and it ... | 2003 | 12767552 |
| inflammation, infection and cardiovascular events in chronic hemodialysis patients: a prospective study. | cardiovascular (cv) disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in chronic hemodialysis (hd) patients. inflammation is a potent risk factor for cv disease in the general population. recent evidence suggests infection, particularly with agents such as chlamydia pneumoniae (c.pneumoniae) and helicobacter pylori (h.pylori), as a source of sustained inflammation. our study tested the hypothesis that c-reactive protein (crp) and positive serology for antibodies to c.pneumoniae and h.pylor ... | 2003 | 12768072 |
| detection of chlamydiae pneumoniae but not helicobacter pylori dna in atherosclerosis plaques. | chronic infections have been associated with cardiovascular disease. we used bacterial culture, polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and immunohistochemical staining with anti-vaca and anticaga antibodies to search for helicobacter pylori and chlamydiae pneumoniae in atherosclerotic plaques obtained at endarterectomy. serum igg antibodies to h. pylori and c. pneumoniae were also determined. thirty-two patients were enrolled. anti-h. pylori and anti-c. pneumoniae igg were present in 72% and 81%, resp ... | 2003 | 12772795 |
| are anti-chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies prognosis indicators for peripartum cardiomyopathy? | the authors recently pointed out an epidemiological relation between specific anti-chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies and peripartum cardiomyopathy in niamey (republic of niger). | 2003 | 12775952 |
| [pleiotropic effect of the micronized fenofibrate: the reduction of plasma chlamydia pneumoniae antibody levels in patients with coronary artery disease]. | a growing amount of data suggest that atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease and in it's development chlamydia pneumoniae infection may contribute. recent studies have shown that administration of micronized fenofibrate reduces the plasma levels of several markers of the inflammatory response. | 2003 | 12778627 |
| the pathogenesis of chlamydia pneumoniae-type pneumonitis in mice. | to evaluate mice as experimental animals for chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) infection and investigate the pathogenesis of c. pneumoniae derived pneumonitis. | 2003 | 12781030 |
| rational antibacterial vaccine design through genomic technologies. | after 200 years of practice, vaccinology has proved to be very effective in preventing infectious diseases. however, several human and animal pathogens exist for which vaccines have not yet been discovered. as for other fields of medical sciences, it is expected that vaccinology will greatly benefit from the emerging genomics technologies such as bioinformatics, proteomics and dna microarrays. in this review, the potential of these technologies will be illustrated taking into account part of the ... | 2003 | 12782059 |
| increased incidence of cytomegalovirus but not chlamydia pneumoniae in atherosclerotic lesions of arteries of lower extremities from patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing amputation. | to evaluate the association between cytomegalovirus (cmv) or chlamydia pneumoniae infection and the development of accelerated atherosclerotic lesions in patients with diabetes who are known to have an impaired immune response to infection and a high incidence of atherosclerosis. | 2003 | 12783969 |
| [risk factors for cerebral infarction: current topics and new developments]. | current topics and new developments in risk factors for ischemic stroke were reviewed. hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, atrial fibrillation, cigarrette smoking, and heavy alcohol drinking have been established as being common treatable risk factors for stroke. recent studies have clarified that homocysteine, various cardiac sources of embolism such as patent foramen ovale, antiphopholipid antibodies, lipoprotein (lp) abnormalities including lp(a) and remnant-like particle, insuli ... | 2002 | 12784667 |
| relationships between activators and inhibitors of plasminogen, and the progression of small abdominal aortic aneurysms. | plasmin is a common activator of the known proteolytic systems involved in the aneurysmal degradation, and is reported to be associated with the expansion of abdominal aortic aneurysms (aaa). the aim of this study was to study the activating pathways of plasminogen as predictors of the progression of aaa. | 2003 | 12787697 |
| identification and quantification of chlamydia pneumoniae in human atherosclerotic plaques by lightcycler real-time-pcr. | a real-time pcr assay for chlamydia pneumoniae in human atherosclerotic plaques by the use of novel probes and fret lightcycler technology, is described. the assay proved particularly suitable for the specific and quantitative detection of a low dna copy number in conventional pcr-negative samples. among fifteen nested-pcr negative atherosclerotic plaques examined, our method detected three positive plaques containing 50(+/-3), 37(+/-2) and 24(+/-2) dna copy number+/-sd in three independent expe ... | 2003 | 12788032 |
| culture and immunohistochemical evidence of chlamydia pneumoniae infection in ulcerative pyoderma gangrenosum. | a potentially contributing factor to the development and chronicity of pyoderma gangrenosum is infection with the relatively recently characterized human pathogen, chlamydia pneumoniae. c pneumoniae is an obligate intracellular bacterium that can infect endothelial, monocyte, and smooth muscle cells and is associated with cardiopulmonary diseases. a case of serologically, polymerase chain reaction-positive, immunohistochemically, and culture-documented viable c pneumoniae organisms in a chronic ... | 2003 | 12789196 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection and restenosis in patients with coronary heart disease. | the aim of this study was to establish whether chlamydia pneumoniae is implicated in the development of restenosis in patients with coronary heart disease (chd) after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (ptca). | 2003 | 12789472 |
| in vitro activity of garenoxacin against recent clinical isolates of chlamydia pneumoniae. | the in vitro activities of garenoxacin, a novel des-f (6)-quinolone, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin and clarithromycin were tested against 30 recent clinical isolates of chlamydia pneumoniae. the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) at which 90% of the isolates were inhibited and the minimal bactericidal concentration (mbc) at which 90% of the isolates were killed by garenoxacin for c. pneumoniae was 0.03 mg/l (range 0.015-0.03 mg/l). | 2003 | 12791473 |
| prospective study of chlamydia pneumoniae igg and iga seropositivity and risk of incident ischemic stroke. | chlamydia pneumoniae infection or exposure to c. pneumoniae was implicated as a risk factor for ischemic stroke. our aim was to evaluate prospectively the association between the presence of antibodies to c. pneumoniae (igg and iga) and the risk of incident ischemic stroke among patients with pre-existing vascular disease. | 2003 | 12792175 |
| antibody response to chlamydial heat shock protein 60 is strongly associated with acute coronary syndromes. | heat shock proteins (hsps) are a family of proteins with immunogenic and proinflammatory properties. human and chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) hsp60 were found in patients with stable coronary disease. | 2003 | 12796125 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae, antibiotic treatment, and early atherosclerosis. | | 2003 | 12796417 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae seropositivity and the risk of naion. | | 2003 | 12799220 |
| detection of chlamydophila pneumoniae in mouse respiratory ciliated epithelium using targeted sections of the lung tissue. | chlamiophila pneumoniae were detected in targeted sections of mouse lung tissue by means of transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescent staining. incorporation of microorganisms into the axonemal matrix of cilia was observed 24 h after infection. the ciliary axoneme was characterized by pronounced swelling. at the late stages chlamiophila pneumoniae were present in cytoplasmic vacuoles. structural abnormalities and dysfunction of mucociliary clearance followed by incorporation of chla ... | 2002 | 12802452 |
| severe community-acquired pneumonia with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to primary infection with chlamydia pneumoniae in a previously healthy adult. | community-acquired pneumonia due to chlamydia pneumoniae is associated with a benign clinical course. severe, life-threatening pneumonia is rare and occurs only in immunocompromised hosts. we report a case of severe pneumonia complicated by acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to primary infection with c. pneumoniae in a previously healthy 46-year-old woman. | 2003 | 12802780 |
| detection of chlamydia pneumoniae in cholesteatoma tissue: any pathogenetic role? | acquired cholesteatoma is a complication of chronic otitis media that is usually associated with an intense local inflammatory reaction. cholesteatoma probably arises from epithelial migration close to an ongoing host inflammatory response attributable to a chronic bacterial infection. chlamydia pneumoniae is an intracellular microorganism associated with several pathologic conditions originally considered noninflammatory, including asthma, atherosclerosis, and alzheimer disease. to investigate ... | 2003 | 12806283 |
| co-infection with chlamydia pneumoniae and helicobacter pylori results in vascular endothelial dysfunction and enhanced vcam-1 expression in apoe-knockout mice. | upregulation of proinflammatory endothelial cell adhesion molecules and decreased bioactivity of endothelial nitric oxide (no) are important in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. we investigated the effects of co-infection with chlamydia pneumoniae and helicobacter pylori on these two events in apoe-ko mice. | 2003 | 12808347 |
| hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (hpa) system activity in depression and infection with borna disease virus and chlamydia pneumoniae. | | 2003 | 12808426 |
| an increased rate of seropositivity for immunoglobulin g antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae. | | 2003 | 12812187 |
| reliability of nested pcr for the detection of chlamydia pneumoniae in carotid artery atherosclerosis. | | 2003 | 12817098 |
| molecular mimicry in atherosclerosis: a role for heat shock proteins in immunisation. | atherosclerosis has long been recognised as having an inflammatory component, and this has a particularly important bearing on to its clinical complications as it may result in plaque instability. results of recent epidemiological studies have reinforced the potential importance of this aspect of the disease. positive associations have been reported between exposure to several specific pathogens, and future risk of coronary heart disease (chd). whilst it is possible that each individual organism ... | 2003 | 12818399 |
| acute chlamydia pneumoniae infection causes coronary endothelial dysfunction in pigs. | coronary endothelial dysfunction contributes to the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes (acss). acute chlamydia pneumoniae infection has been epidemiologically associated with acs. in this study, we investigated whether acute c. pneumoniae infection could alter the endothelial vasomotor function of porcine coronary vessels. | 2003 | 12818403 |
| high prevalence of chlamydia pneumoniae antibodies in white-coat hypertensives. | previous studies have linked essential sustained hypertension with chlamydia pneumoniae (c. pneumoniae) and changes in intima-media thickness (imt) of carotid arteries. the aim of this study was to examine if similar associations exist in subjects with white-coat hypertension. c. pneumoniae iga and igg antibody titers were measured in 125 patients with white-coat hypertension and 54 normotensives. all participants underwent a 24 h ambulatory blood pressure (bp) monitoring, clinic bp readings and ... | 2003 | 12818405 |
| chlamydia pneumoniae infection induces an unstable atherosclerotic plaque phenotype in ldl-receptor, apoe double knockout mice. | to study whether chlamydia pneumoniae (cpn) infection affects atherosclerotic plaque morphology in atherogenic (ldlr/apoe(-/-)) mice. | 2003 | 12819654 |
| [chlamydial and human heat shock protein 60 homologues in acute coronary syndromes. (auto-)immune reactions as a link between infection and atherosclerosis]. | recent studies provide evidence that infectious agents play a causal role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. in this respect, a chronic persistent chlamydia pneumoniae infection, indicated by the presence of chlamydial heat shock protein 60 (chsp 60), is of central interest. both chsp60 and endogenous human (h) hsp60 are upregulated under stress conditions in intimal cells and serve as a target for cross-reactive cytotoxic hsp-serum-antibodies. therefore, the present study evaluates the exp ... | 2003 | 12819994 |
| inhibitory activities of quinolones against dna gyrase of chlamydia pneumoniae. | the gyra and gyrb genes of chlamydia pneumoniae tw-183 were cloned, and their proteins were purified by use of a fusion system with a maltose-binding protein. the 50% inhibitory concentrations of garenoxacin, sparfloxacin, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, and levofloxacin were 10.1, 47.5, 39.6, 64.2, and 156.9 microg/ml, respectively, and the mics against c. pneumoniae tw-183 were 0.008, 0.016, 0.063, 0.125, and 0.25 microg/ml, respectively. | 2003 | 12821490 |
| heat-shock protein and acute coronary syndromes. | | 2003 | 12821600 |
| the immune response against herpesvirus is more prominent in the early stages of ms. | to assess antibody levels against human herpesvirus type 6 (hhv-6), epstein-barr virus (ebv), and chlamydia pneumoniae (cp) in serum from individuals in the early and late phase of ms. | 2003 | 12821737 |
| evidence of an association between chlamydia pneumoniae and cerebrovascular accidents. | the authors report results of a retrospective pilot study showing a strong association between patients with stroke/tia and the presence of circulating igg and iga antibodies to chlamydia pneumoniae. these results support the hypothesis that chronic active or persistent infection may play a role in the mechanism of thrombosis. the risk for stroke associated with chlamydial circulating antibodies appeared to be independent of other risk factors such as diabetes and hypercholesterolemia. | 2003 | 12823500 |
| helicobacter pylori, chlamydia pneumoniae and myocardial infarction. | several epidemiological studies have suggested a positive association of coronary heart disease with both helicobacter pylori and chlamydia pneumoniae infection. the issue has been difficult to resolve because of the potential impact of several confounding factors, in particular, socioeconomic status for h. pylori and smoking for c. pneumoniae. | 2003 | 12823670 |
| characterization of the first korean isolate of a chlamydia pneumoniae strain. | chlamydia pneumoniae is a common pathogen that causes upper and lower respiratory tract infections and is difficult to isolate from clinical specimens. recently, we succeeded in isolating the first c. pneumoniae strain in korea. this study characterizes the morphology, infectivity, and drug sensitivity of the korean strain, designated lkk-1. electron microscopy was performed for thin sections, and the infectivity over time was tested by counting the inclusion-forming units every 12 h. the minimu ... | 2003 | 12824688 |
| effects of antiasthma drugs on the growth of chlamydophila pneumoniae in hep-2 cells. | a possible link between chlamydophila pneumoniae infection and adult-onset asthma has been raised recently. to obtain further insight into the association of c. pneumoniae with asthma, we assessed the effects of antiasthma drugs commonly used in japan on the growth of c. pneumoniae in hep-2 cells. the growth was enhanced two times by inhalant glucocorticoids, such as fluticasone propionate and beclomethasone, as well as hydrocortisone succinate. unexpectedly, two nonsteroidal antiasthma drugs, t ... | 2003 | 12825116 |
| association of cd14 promoter gene polymorphism and chlamydia pneumoniae infection. | recent studies have suggested that chlamydia pneumoniae infection is an important factor in the development of atherosclerosis. the c(-260)-->t polymorphism in the cd14 promoter gene has been reported to regulate the density of cd14 expression on monocytes for the activation of monocytes to secrete inflammatory cytokines by lipopolysaccharide. we investigated this genetic marker and its association with c. pneumoniae infection. among 315 healthy subjects, the distribution of the c(-260)-->t poly ... | 2003 | 12825176 |
| polymorphic membrane protein (pmp) 20 and pmp 21 of chlamydia pneumoniae induce proinflammatory mediators in human endothelial cells in vitro by activation of the nuclear factor-kappab pathway. | we tested whether polymorphic membrane proteins (pmps) of chlamydia pneumoniae might play a role in triggering an inflammatory response in human endothelial cells. of 15 purified, recombinant chlamydial pmps tested, 2 (pmp 20 and pmp 21) dose-dependently increased the production of the inflammatory mediators interleukin (il)-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (mcp-1), in cultured human endothelial cells; production of il-8 was also increased. when endothelial cells were infected by live c. ... | 2003 | 12825178 |
| varicella zoster and borrelia burgdorferi are the main agents associated with facial paresis, especially in children. | the etiology of facial paresis (fp) often remains unresolved. yet, a microbial association is frequently suspected. | 2003 | 12829036 |
| inflammation, infection, and atherosclerosis. | | 2003 | 12831825 |
| mycoplasma disease and acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease. | acute chest syndrome (acs) is the leading cause of hospitalization, morbidity, and mortality in patients with sickle cell disease. radiographic and clinical findings in acs resemble pneumonia; however, etiologies other than infectious pathogens have been implicated, including pulmonary fat embolism (pfe) and infarction of segments of the pulmonary vasculature. the national acute chest syndrome study group was designed to identify the etiologic agents and clinical outcomes associated with this sy ... | 2003 | 12837872 |