| molecular cloning and sequence analysis of prion protein gene in xiji donkey in china. | prion diseases are a group of human and animal neurodegenerative disorders caused by the deposition of an abnormal isoform prion protein (prp(sc)) encoded by a single copy prion protein gene (prnp). prion disease has been reported in many herbivores but not in equus and the species barrier might be playing a role in resistance of these species to the disease. therefore, analysis of genotype of prion protein (prp) in these species may help understand the transmission of the disease. xiji donkey i ... | 2013 | 23954254 |
| seroprevalence of crimean congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ijara district, kenya. | crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a tick-borne viral disease mainly affecting pastoralists who come in contact with animals infested with hyalomma ticks, which are the key vectors of cchf virus (cchfv). cchfv has been detected among these ticks in parts of north eastern kenya. this study aimed to identify acute cases of cchf, and to determine the extent of previous exposure to cchfv in an outpatient population attending sangailu and ijara health centers, ijara district, north eastern ken ... | 2012 | 22925021 |
| common occurrence of cryptosporidium hominis in horses and donkeys. | extensive genetic variation is observed within the genus cryptosporidium and the distribution of cryptosporidium species/genotypes in humans and animals appears to vary by geography and host species. to better understand the genetic diversity of cryptosporidium spp. in horses and donkeys, we characterized five horse-derived and 82 donkey-derived cryptosporidium isolates from five provinces or autonomous regions (sichuan, gansu, henan, inner mongolia and shandong) in china at the species/genotype ... | 2016 | 27264727 |
| microsporidia and cryptosporidium in horses and donkeys in algeria: detection of a novel cryptosporidium hominis subtype family (ik) in a horse. | a total of 219 and 124 individual fecal samples of horses and donkeys, respectively, were screened for the presence of cryptosporidium spp., encephalitozoon spp., and enterocytozoon bieneusi dna by genus-specific nested pcr. isolates were genotyped by sequence analysis of ssu rrna, gp60, trap-c1, cowp, and hsp70 loci in cryptosporidium, and the its region in microsporidia. cryptosporidium spp. was detected on 3/18 horse farms and 1/15 farms where donkeys were kept. overall, five (2.3%) horse and ... | 2015 | 25638716 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the genus cylicocyclus (nematoda: strongylidae) based on nuclear ribosomal sequence data. | seven species of cylicocyclus ihle, 1922 (nematoda: strongylidae) were collected from donkeys from henan province, china. five samples of each species were selected for sequencing. sixteen different internal transcribed spacer (its) sequences representing the seven species of cylicocyclus were obtained. sequence differences in the first internal transcribed spacer (its-1) among species was lower than that of the second internal transcribed spacer (its-2). phylogenetic analyses were conducted usi ... | 2013 | 23666651 |
| [the prevalence of liver trematodes in equines in different cities of turkey]. | this study was carried out between march 2004- april 2005 to determine the prevalance of liver trematode infections of equids in different cities of turkey. | 2012 | 23169158 |
| prevalence of gastrointestinal helminth parasites of equids from organized farms of mumbai and pune. | a total of 1,304 faecal samples of different species of equids were examined for presence of helminthic eggs from five different centres in mumbai and pune regions of maharashtra state from october 2011 to june 2012. overall prevalence of helminthic infestation was found to be 20.63 % with higher rate of occurrence in monsoon (31.29 %) followed by winter (20.40 %) and summer (14.23 %). four species of nematodes viz. strongyles (10.81 %), strongyloides westeri (13.19 %), parascaris equorum (0.23 ... | 2015 | 26063996 |
| reprint of "echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) from the critically endangered antelope addax nasomaculatus in tunisia". | echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is a zoonotic disease highly endemic in tunisia. canids including stray and semi-stray dogs, jackals and foxes are known as definitive hosts and a wide range of ungulates have been shown to harbour the metacestode hydatid stage and may serve as intermediate hosts. fertile hydatid cysts of echinococcus equinus and e. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) were recently molecularly identified for the first time from tunisian donkeys. e. granulosus (s.s.) was also ... | 2017 | 27887695 |
| first report of echinococcus equinus in a donkey in turkey. | a 2-year-old female donkey (equus asinus) was euthanized in the pathology department of firat university, elazig, turkey. necropsy disclosed the presence of 7 hydatid cysts distributed throughout the lung parenchyma. one of those cysts represented the parasite material of the present study and was molecularly identified through sequencing of a fragment of cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (co1) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nadh1) gene, as echinococcus equinus. the ... | 2015 | 26797441 |
| echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) from the critically endangered antelope addax nasomaculatus in tunisia. | echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is a zoonotic disease highly endemic in tunisia. canids including stray and semi-stray dogs, jackals and foxes are known as definitive hosts and a wide range of ungulates have been shown to harbour the metacestode hydatid stage and may serve as intermediate hosts. fertile hydatid cysts of echinococcus equinus and e. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) were recently molecularly identified for the first time from tunisian donkeys. e. granulosus (s.s.) was also ... | 2015 | 26314229 |
| a sylvatic lifecycle of echinococcus equinus in the etosha national park, namibia. | various species of echinococcus have been described in the past from wild mammals of sub-saharan africa. however, it is only recently, that a few isolates have become available for molecular identification; therefore, the involvement of wildlife in the lifecycles of the various cryptic species within echinococcus granulosus sensu lato is still only partially known. a preliminary survey was undertaken in etosha national park, namibia, from august to october 2012. faecal samples were obtained from ... | 2015 | 25830103 |
| genetic variability and haplotypes of echinococcus isolates from tunisia. | the species/genotypes of echinococcus infecting a range of intermediate, canid and human hosts were examined as well as the intraspecific variation and population structure of echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) within these hosts. | 2014 | 25213876 |
| modelling the transmission dynamics of cystic echinococcosis in donkeys of different ages from tunisia. | during the period from march 2006 to july 2009 a total of 2040 slaughtered donkeys were examined for cystic echinococcosis (ce). ce prevalence in donkeys was 8.48% and the infection pressure (0.0088 infections per year) and infection rate (0.0448 cysts per year) appeared to be lower than those previously reported for cattle, sheep, dromedaries and goats in tunisia. however, the number of cysts per infection was relatively high (5.07 cysts per infection). among the 901 collected hydatid cysts the ... | 2014 | 24986435 |
| molecular characterization of echinococcus granulosus in egyptian donkeys. | the present study was carried out during the period from august 2009 to july 2010. the purpose of this study was to identify the genotype of donkeys' echinococcosis in one of the egyptian governorates. on post-mortem inspection taking place at the zoo of beni-suef, egypt, a total number of 145 donkeys were examined for the presence of hydatid cysts. ten of these donkeys were found to be infected by hydatid cysts; and location, number and fertility of cysts found were determined. the liver was th ... | 2013 | 23246076 |
| risk factors for echinococcus coproantigen positivity in dogs from the alay valley, kyrgyzstan. | echinococcosis, caused by the zoonotic cestodes echinococcus granulosus (sensu lato) and echinococcus multilocularis, is highly endemic in the central asian republic of kyrgyzstan, and is being identified increasingly as a public health problem, especially amongst pastoral communities. as domestic dogs are considered to be the main source of human infection, the identification of potential transmission pathways is of relevance when considering implementing an echinococcosis control scheme. the c ... | 2015 | 26442706 |
| morphological and genetic characteristics of the liver hydatid cyst of a donkey with iran origin. | no data is available on morphology and genetic characteristics of echinococcus granulosus derived from donkeys of iran, despite of its existence in donkeys. in the present study morphometric variations of the rostellar hooks of protoscoleces and genotype characteristics of hydatid cyst of donkey from iran were determined. | 2014 | 25678913 |
| genetic variations among echinococcus granulosus isolates in egypt using rapd-pcr. | cystic echinococcosis (ce), caused by hydatid cysts, is a widespread and hazardous disease in humans and animals worldwide. the aim of the current study was to investigate the genetic variations among echinococcus granulosus cyst strains isolated from sheep, camel, pig, and donkey using rapd-pcr analysis. seven primers of arbitrary sequences were used in the pcr reactions. the screened primers gave total patterns ranging from 27 to 39 reproducible bands for each isolate. each population isolate ... | 2012 | 22825285 |
| antimicrobial-resistant escherichia coli and enterococcus spp. isolated from miranda donkey (equus asinus): an old problem from a new source with a different approach. | the miranda donkey (equus asinus) is an endangeredasinine from miranda do douro region, located in the north east of portugal. we studied the antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in escherichia coli and enterococcus spp. isolates from these animals. | 2017 | 28260587 |
| antimicrobial resistant escherichia coli and enterococcus spp. isolated from miranda donkey (equus asinus): an old problem from a new source with a different approach. | the miranda donkey (equus asinus) is an endangered asinine from miranda do douro region, located in north east of portugal. we study the antimicrobial resistance (amr) and virulence genes in escherichia coli and enterococcus spp. isolates from these animals. in march 2014, a total of 66 faecal samples were recovered from independent animals. antibiotic resistance was determined by the disk diffusion method. carriage of genes codifying for antibiotic resistant and virulent factors was analyzed by ... | 2017 | 28056219 |
| isolation and identification of bacteriocinogenic strain of lactobacillus plantarum with potential beneficial properties from donkey milk. | the goal of this study was to isolate and characterize a lactic acid bacteria (lab) from donkey milk with potential beneficial properties. | 2013 | 23489977 |
| detection of equine herpesvirus (ehv) -1, -2, -4 and -5 in ethiopian equids with and without respiratory problems and genetic characterization of ehv-2 and ehv-5 strains. | infections with equine herpesviruses (ehvs) are widespread in equine populations worldwide. whereas both ehv-1 and ehv-4 produce well-documented respiratory syndromes in equids, the contribution of ehv-2 and ehv-5 to disease of the respiratory tract is still enigmatic. this study describes the detection and genetic characterization of ehvs from equids with and without clinical respiratory disease. virus-specific pcrs were used to detect ehv-1, -2, -4 and -5. from the total of 160 equids with res ... | 2017 | 28102009 |
| amiata donkey milk chain: animal health evaluation and milk quality. | this study presents an investigation of amiata donkey health and quality of milk for human consumption. thirty-one lactating dairy jennies were examined. the following samples were collected: faecal samples from the rectum of animals for parasitological examination; cervical swabs for the detection of bacteria causing reproductive disorders; and blood samples for serological diagnosis of main zoonotic (brucella spp., leptospira spp.) and donkey abortion agents (brucella spp., leptospira spp., sa ... | 2016 | 27853717 |
| equine herpes virus type 1 (ehv-1) and 4 (ehv-4) infections in horses and donkeys in northeastern turkey. | the herpesviruses infections in equides are caused by five different serotypes of viruses, belonging to family herpesviridae. the goal of this study was to conduct a seroepidemiological investigation of equine herpesvirus type 1 (ehv-1) and type 4 (ehv-4) in horses and donkeys raised in two provinces and their villages in northeastern turkey. a total of 666 samples from 423 horses and 243 donkeys that were not immunized against these infections were tested with elisa. while 52.48% of tested hors ... | 2015 | 27175200 |
| equine herpesvirus-1 myeloencephalopathy, an emerging threat of working equids in ethiopia. | although equine herpesvirus myeloencephalopathy (ehm) is a sporadic and relatively uncommon manifestation of equine herpesvirus-1 (ehv-1), it has the potential for causing devastating outbreaks in horses. up till now, there were no reported ehm outbreaks in donkeys and mules. this study describes the isolation and molecular characterization of ehv-1 from clinically ehm-affected horses (n = 6), mules (n = 3) and donkeys (n = 82) in ethiopia during outbreaks from may 2011 to december 2013. the inc ... | 2017 | 26010868 |
| development of a single-tube duplex evagreen real-time pcr for the detection and identification of ehv-1 and ehv-4. | the objective of this study was to develop a novel evagreen (eg) based real-time pcr technique for the simultaneous detection of equine herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1) and equine herpesvirus 4 (ehv-4) genomes from equine nasal swabs. viral genomes were identified based on their specific melting temperatures (t m), which are 88.0 and 84.4 °c for ehv-1 and ehv-4, respectively. the detection limitation of this method was 50 copies/μl or 0.15 pg/μl for ehv-1 and 5 copies/μl or 2.5 fg/μl for ehv-4. this assay ... | 2014 | 24615388 |
| equine viral arteritis. | equine arteritis virus (eav), the causative agent of equine viral arteritis (eva), is a respiratory and reproductive disease that occurs throughout the world. eav infection is highly species-specific and exclusively limited to members of the family equidae, which includes horses, donkeys, mules, and zebras. eva is an economically important disease and outbreaks could cause significant losses to the equine industry. the primary objective of this article is to summarize current understanding of ev ... | 2014 | 25441113 |
| necrotizing enteritis and hyperammonemic encephalopathy associated with equine coronavirus infection in equids. | equine coronavirus (ecov) is a betacoronavirus recently associated clinically and epidemiologically with emerging outbreaks of pyrogenic, enteric, and/or neurologic disease in horses in the united states, japan, and europe. we describe the pathologic, immunohistochemical, ultrastructural, and molecular findings in 2 horses and 1 donkey that succumbed to natural infection with ecov. one horse and the donkey (case nos. 1, 3) had severe diffuse necrotizing enteritis with marked villous attenuation, ... | 2015 | 25648965 |
| disease associated with equine coronavirus infection and high case fatality rate. | equine coronavirus (ecov) is associated with clinical disease in adult horses. outbreaks are associated with a low case fatality rate and a small number of animals with signs of encephalopathic disease are described. | 2015 | 25319406 |
| a pilot study on interaction between donkey tetherin and eiav stains with different virulent and replication characteristics. | tetherin (bst-2) is an important host restriction factor that can inhibit the release of a diverse array of enveloped viruses from infected cells. conversely, to facilitate their release and spread, many viruses have evolved various strategies to overcome the antiviral effect of tetherin in a species-specific manner. during the development of an attenuated equine infectious anemia virus (eiav) vaccine in our laboratory, we found that serial passage of a field-isolated virulent eiav strains in ho ... | 2016 | 27816678 |
| double-stranded-rna-specific adenosine deaminase 1 (adar1) is proposed to contribute to the adaptation of equine infectious anemia virus from horses to donkeys. | equine infectious anemia virus (eiav) is a member of the genus lentivirus of the family retroviridae. horses are the most susceptible equids to eiav infection and are therefore the primary hosts of this virus. in contrast, infected donkeys do not develop clinically active equine infectious anemia (eia). this phenomenon is similar to what has been observed with hiv-1, which fails to induce aids in non-human primates. interestingly, shen et al. developed a donkey-tropic pathogenic virus strain (ei ... | 2016 | 27383210 |
| antiviral potency and functional analysis of tetherin orthologues encoded by horse and donkey. | tetherin is an interferon-inducible host cell factor that blocks the viral particle release of the enveloped viruses. most knowledge regarding the interaction between tetherin and viruses has been obtained using the primate lentiviral system. however, much less is known about the functional roles of tetherin on other lentiviruses. equine infectious anemia virus (eiav) is an important macrophage-tropic lentivirus that has been widely used as a practical model for investigating the evolution of th ... | 2014 | 25158826 |
| structural and biochemical insights into the v/i505t mutation found in the eiav gp45 vaccine strain. | the equine infectious anemia virus (eiav) is a lentivirus of the retrovirus family, which causes persistent infection in horses often characterized by recurrent episodes of high fever. it has a similar morphology and life cycle to the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). its transmembrane glycoprotein, gp45 (analogous to gp41 in hiv), mediates membrane fusion during the infection. however, the post-fusion conformation of eiav gp45 has not yet been determined. eiav is the first member of the lenti ... | 2014 | 24656154 |
| development, evaluation, and laboratory validation of immunoassays for the diagnosis of equine infectious anemia (eia) using recombinant protein produced from a synthetic p26 gene of eia virus. | equine infectious anemia (eia)-a retroviral disease caused by equine infectious anemia virus (eiav)-is a chronic, debilitating disease of horses, mules, and donkeys. eiav infection has been reported worldwide and is recognized as pathogen of significant economic importance to the horse industry. this disease falls under regulatory control program in many countries including india. control of eia is based on identification of inapparent carriers by detection of antibodies to eiav in serologic tes ... | 2013 | 24426297 |
| investigation of equine influenza virus in two geographical regions of pakistan. | the present study was an attempt to elucidate the seroprevalence of equine influenza virus (h3n8) in two geographically distinct regions of pakistan where vaccination is not routinely practiced. | 2013 | 22923059 |
| predictors and risk factors for the intestinal shedding of escherichia coli o157 among working donkeys (equus asinus) in nigeria. | escherichia coli are an important group of bacteria in the normal gastrointestinal system but can sometimes cause infections in domestic animals and man. donkeys are routinely used as multipurpose animal but details of burdens of potentially infectious bacteria associated with it are limited. the prevalence and associations between intestinal shedding of e. coli o157 and animal characteristics and management factors were studied among 240 randomly selected working donkeys in north-western nigeri ... | 2015 | 26392892 |
| molecular characterization of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli isolated from ruminant and donkey raw milk samples and traditional dairy products in iran. | the aims of the current study were to detect the virulence factors and antibiotic resistance of shiga toxin-producing e. coli, in animal milk and dairy products in iran. after e. coli dentification with culture method, pcr assay were developed for detection of pathogenic genes, serotypes and antibiotic resistance genes of e. coli. results showed that out of 719 samples, 102 (14.18%) were confirmed to be positive for e. coli and out of 102 positive samples, 17.64% were o26 and 13.72% were o157 an ... | 2012 | 22919299 |
| clinical research abstracts of the british equine veterinary association congress 2015. | although fasciolosis is an important livestock disease worldwide, the public health importance of human fasciolosis has increased in recent years and it is recognised as an important re-emerging zoonotic disease, its epidemiology and pathogenicity in donkeys, and the epidemiological role they may play have not been determined. | 2015 | 26375729 |
| the presence of giardia intestinalis in donkeys, equus asinus, in china. | giardia intestinalis is one of the most important zoonotic enteric parasites. as no information regarding prevalence and genotype of g. intestinalis in donkeys (equus asinus) in china is available, 181 faecal samples from 48 donkeys from jilin province, from 104 from shandong province and from 29 from liaoning province were examined between may and december 2015. | 2017 | 28049541 |
| a single dose of an avian h3n8 influenza virus vaccine is highly immunogenic and efficacious against a recently emerged seal influenza virus in mice and ferrets. | h3n8 influenza viruses are a commonly found subtype in wild birds, usually causing mild or no disease in infected birds. however, they have crossed the species barrier and have been associated with outbreaks in dogs, pigs, donkeys, and seals and therefore pose a threat to humans. a live attenuated, cold-adapted (ca) h3n8 vaccine virus was generated by reverse genetics using the wild-type (wt) hemagglutinin (ha) and neuraminidase (na) genes from the a/blue-winged teal/texas/sg-00079/2007 (h3n8) ( ... | 2015 | 25903333 |
| sero-prevalence of avian influenza in animals and human in egypt. | in opposite to most countries, avian influenza virus h5n1 became endemic in egypt. since, its first emerge in 2006 in egypt, the virus could infect different species of birds and animals and even human. beside the great economic losses to the local poultry industry in egypt, the virus infected 166 confirmed human cases, 59 cases ended fatally. in the present study, the persistence of the avian influenza in the egyptian environment was studied. for this purpose, serum samples were collected from ... | 2013 | 24498821 |
| morphological and molecular identification of habronema spp. (nematoda: habronematidae) from donkeys in xinjiang, china, and notes on the taxonomical status of habronema majus (creplin, 1849) and h. microstoma (schneider, 1866). | habronematid nematodes were collected from the stomachs of donkeys, equus asinus l., in the tarim basin, xinjiang, china. after examination by light and scanning electron microscopy, habronema muscae (carter, 1861) and h. majus (creplin, 1849) were identified. the morphology of our specimens representing h. muscae (carter, 1861) agreed well with previous redescriptions in the shape of the lateral lips, origin of the lateral alae, ratio of left and right spicules, and number and arrangement of ca ... | 2017 | 28337680 |
| differential infection patterns and recent evolutionary origins of equine hepaciviruses in donkeys. | the hepatitis c virus (hcv) is a major human pathogen. genetically related viruses in animals suggest a zoonotic origin of hcv. the closest relative of hcv is found in horses (termed equine hepacivirus [eqhv]). however, low eqhv genetic diversity implies relatively recent acquisition of eqhv by horses, making a derivation of hcv from eqhv unlikely. to unravel the eqhv evolutionary history within equid sister species, we analyzed 829 donkeys and 53 mules sampled in nine european, asian, african, ... | 2017 | 27795428 |
| viraemic frequencies and seroprevalence of non-primate hepacivirus and equine pegiviruses in horses and other mammalian species. | non-primate hepacivirus (nphv), equine pegivirus (epgv) and theiler's disease associated virus (tdav) are newly discovered members of two genera in the flaviviridae family, hepacivirus and pegivirus respectively, that include human hepatitis c virus (hcv) and human pegivirus (hpgv). to investigate their epidemiology, persistence and clinical features of infection, large cohorts of horses and other mammalian species were screened for nphv, epgv and tdav viraemia and for past exposure through sero ... | 2014 | 24814924 |
| donkey milk for manufacture of novel functional fermented beverages. | the aim of this work was to investigate on the functional features of a donkey milk probiotic berevage as a novel food. particularly, it was to study the decrease of lactose content and the antioxidant activity of standard yogurt (yc) and probiotic yogurt (yp; lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus casei) from donkey milk during the storage up to 30 d at 4 ºc. the evolution of lactose content using enzymatic-spectrophotometric kits was analyzed. antioxidant activity of yogurt was measured usin ... | 2015 | 25962497 |
| can equids be a reservoir of leishmania braziliensis in endemic areas? | in this study, we detected leishmania (viannia) braziliensis infection in equids living in endemic regions of cutaneous leishmaniasis. to determine the role of these animals in the leishmania cycle, we used two approaches: serological and molecular methods. antibodies to the parasite were assayed using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). blood samples were collected and tested by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and the positive products were sequenced. the results showed that 11.0% ( ... | 2014 | 24721908 |
| the proliferation potential of promastigotes of the main leishmania species of the old world in nnn culture medium prepared using blood of four different mammals. | the efficacy of the in vitro cultivation of promastigotes of four leishmania spp. was tested in the biphasic novy-macneal-nicolle (nnn) medium prepared using blood from different animals (horse, donkey, goat and sheep). the aim was to test which nnn preparation gave the best yield in the shortest time for different parasite species, in order to obtain a large crop of promastigotes for experimental work and for antigen preparation. promastigotes of leishmania infantum, leishmania donovani, leishm ... | 2015 | 26219203 |
| detection of leishmania dna and blood meal sources in phlebotomine sand flies (diptera: psychodidae) in western of spain: update on distribution and risk factors associated. | leishmaniosis caused by leishmania infantum is present in mediterranean countries, with high prevalence in areas of the center and south of spain. however, in some regions such as extremadura (in southwest of spain), data has not been updated since 1997. the aim of this work was (i) to provide information about the distribution of phlebotomine sand fly species in western of spain (extremadura region), (ii) to determine risk factors for the presence of sand fly vectors and (iii) to detect leishma ... | 2016 | 27720626 |
| twenty years of immunocontraceptive research: lessons learned. | the national wildlife research center (nwrc) began immunocontraception vaccine research by testing porcine zona pellucida (pzp) on white-tailed deer (odocoileus virginianus). early pzp research demonstrated that pzp induced infertility; however, increased length of the rut was observed in pzp-treated deer. an alternative vaccine using a keyhole limpet hemocyanin-gonadotropin-releasing hormone (klh-gnrh) conjugate formulated with modified freund's adjuvant was developed at nwrc. suppression of gn ... | 2013 | 24437088 |
| [paratuberculosis in a miniature donkey (equus asinus f. asinus)]. | paratuberculosis is mainly an infectious disease of ruminants with worldwide distribution. infection occurs in early stages of life. other animal species beyond ruminants are rarely affected, however, experimental and natural infections are possible. a case of paratuberculosis in a miniature donkey (equus asinus f. asinus) with typical clinical and pathomorphological changes is reported here. lesions were mainly observed in the intestine. causative for the profuse diarrhoea with emaciation was m ... | 2012 | 22372323 |
| pulmonary disease due to mycobacterium tuberculosis in a horse: zoonotic concerns and limitations of antemortem testing. | a case of pulmonary tuberculosis caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis was diagnosed in a horse. clinical evaluation performed prior to euthanasia did not suggest tuberculosis, but postmortem examination provided pathological and bacteriological evidence of mycobacteriosis. in the lungs, multiple tuberculoid granulomas communicating with the bronchiolar lumen, pleural effusion, and a granulomatous lymphadenitis involving mediastinal and tracheobronchial lymph nodes were found. serologic response ... | 2012 | 22567544 |
| brazilian donkeys (equus asinus) have a low exposure to neospora spp. | donkeys (equus asinus) are closely related to horses and are known to be infected by several equine pathogens. neospora caninum and neospora hughesi are protozoan parasites that infect horses, but they were not confirmed in donkeys up to this date. the aim of this study was to evaluate the exposure of donkeys (equus asinus) to neospora spp. using tachyzoites of n. caninum as antigen and employing two common serologic methods, ifat and immunoblot. sera from 500 donkeys were obtained from 30 munic ... | 2015 | 26444065 |
| seroprevalence and risk factors of neospora spp. in donkeys from southern italy. | in some european countries there is an increasing interest on donkey. despite there are few data regarding the donkey's parasitic diseases especially those with a protozoal etiology as neosporosis. samples used in the study were collected from 238 domestic donkeys during year 2010 in southern italy from 207 females and 31 males of five breeds (martina-franca, amiata, sicilian-grey, ragusano, sardinian) and crossbreeds with the average age 9 years (1 month - 24 year). sera were tested by a compet ... | 2013 | 24050943 |
| prevalence of antibodies against neospora spp. and sarcocystis neurona in donkeys from northeastern brazil. | sarcocystis neurona and neospora hughesi are coccidian protozoa that can cause neurological illness in horses in america. in this study we report seroprevalence of neospora spp. ands. neurona in sera of 333 donkeys from the northeastern region of brazil. antibodies to neospora spp. were detected in 2% (7 donkeys) of 333 sera tested by the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) with a cut-off dilution of 1:40. antibodies to s. neurona were found in 3% (10 donkeys) of the samples tested by ifat ... | 2016 | 26982557 |
| epidemiological study of gastrointestinal helminths of equines in damot-gale district, wolaita zone, ethiopia. | the prevalence of equines helminthosis studied from november 2011 to may 2012 in two agroecological zones damot-gale district, wolaita zone, southern ethiopia. the objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence, and to see the distribution of internal helminth parasites of equines. a total of 500 faecal samples collected for coprological examination of gastrointestinal helminth ova. from each species of studied animals 200 positive faecal samples were pooled and cultured, and then the lar ... | 2015 | 26064026 |
| bacterial and fungal microflora on the external genitalia of male donkeys (equus asinus). | this study was undertaken to investigate the bacterial and fungal microflora on the external genitalia of a population of healthy male donkeys in the state of michigan, usa. the aim was to identify and determine the frequency of occurrence of these microorganisms using seven different isolation media and standard microbiological procedures. the sites (urethral fossa [fossa glandis], dorsal diverticulum of the urethral sinus, distal urethra, and penile surface) in the distal reproductive tract we ... | 2015 | 25582702 |
| prevalence and pathogenesis of some filarial nematodes infecting donkeys in egypt. | the primary objective of the present study is to determine the commonness of filarial parasites in donkeys in egypt, identification of the filarial species tainting them and the delivered pathogenic impact connected with the infestation. | 2016 | 27651679 |
| risk factors associated with the occurrence of gastrointestinal helminths among indigenous donkeys (equus asinus) in northeastern nigeria. | aim. this survey study was conducted from april 2014 through march 2015 in bauchi, yobe, and gombe states, northeastern nigeria, to explore the risk factors associated with the occurrence of gastrointestinal helminthosis among indigenous donkeys (equus asinus). materials and methods. a total of six hundred fresh faecal samples were randomly collected from indigenous donkeys of varying age, sex, and settlements. simple flotation and sedimentation techniques were used for the detection of helminth ... | 2016 | 27366344 |
| prevalence, intensity and risk factors of infestation with major gastrointestinal nematodes in equines in and around shashemane, southern ethiopia. | prevalence, intensity and risk factors of major gastrointestinal nematode infestation in equines were studied through a cross-sectional survey in 384 equids from october 2013 to april 2014 in and around shashemane, southern ethiopia. three hundred and fifteen equids (82 %) were demonstrated harbouring one or more gastrointestinal (git) nematodes using the faecal flotation technique. the prevalence of git nematode infestation was 73.4, 85 and 86.5 % for horses, mules and donkeys, respectively. th ... | 2015 | 26205906 |
| a survey on the prevalence of strongyles species in working donkeys in north-west of iran. | faecal samples for detection of gastrointestinal parasites were collected from 60 donkeys from 6 villages in marand, north-west of iran. faecal samples of 2 donkeys (3.33 %) were negative for parasite eggs. 48 positive donkeys (81.66 %) were infected with a single parasite type, 9 (15.51 %) and 1 (1.66 %) of donkeys had multiple infections with two and three parasites, respectively. the highest prevalence and intensity rate belonged to small strongyles. the overall prevalence of intestinal paras ... | 2016 | 27876916 |
| cutaneous pythiosis in a donkey (equus asinus) in brazil. | our study describes the clinical, epidemiologic, pathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular aspects pcr of a case of cutaneous pythiosis in a donkey (equus asinus) from brazil. during a dry period, the animal grazed for 4 months around a pond where the vegetation remained green. skin lesions were nodular, multifocal, and disseminated, mainly involving the legs, ventral chest, and mammary gland. on cut surface, there were multifocal to coalescent discrete yellow foci, and occasional small cav ... | 2016 | 27271986 |
| livestock rabies outbreaks in shanxi province, china. | dogs play an important role in rabies transmission throughout the world. in addition to the severe human rabies situation in china, spillover of rabies virus from dogs in recent years has caused rabies outbreaks in sheep, cattle and pigs, showing that there is an increasing threat to other domestic animals. two livestock rabies outbreaks were caused by dogs in shanxi province, china from april to october in 2015, resulting in the deaths of 60 sheep, 10 cattle and one donkey. brain samples from o ... | 2016 | 27422397 |
| characterization of the biological properties and complete genome sequence analysis of a cattle-derived rabies virus isolate from the guangxi province of southern china. | in this study, a street rabies virus isolate, gxhxn, was obtained from the brain of one rabid cattle in guangxi province of southern china. to characterize the biological properties of gxhxn, we first evaluated its pathogenicity using 4-week-old adult mice. gxhxn was highly pathogenic with a short incubation period and course of disease. its ld50 of 10(-6.86)/ml is significantly higher than the ld50 of 10(-5.19)/ml of gxn119, a dog-derived rabies virus isolate. it also displayed a higher neurotr ... | 2014 | 25142164 |
| complete genome sequence of a rabies virus isolate from cattle in guangxi, southern china. | a street rabies virus (rv) isolate, gxhxn, was obtained from brain tissue of rabid cattle in the guangxi zhuang autonomous region of china in 2009. gxhxn is the first isolate from cattle in china with its entire genome sequenced and is closely related to bj2011e from horse in beijing, wh11 from donkey in the hubei province, and isolates from dogs in the guangxi and fujian provinces, with homologies of 97.6% to 99.6%. it is more distantly related to isolates from domestic cat, pig, chinese ferret ... | 2013 | 23405368 |
| [identification and sequential analysis on rabies virus isolated from a donkey]. | to identify and analyze the genetic characteristics of nucleoprotein (n) and glycoprotein (g) genes of rabies virus (rabv) isolated from a donkey in wuhan. n gene and g gene of the virus were compared with other representative street strains isolated around hubei areas as well as the vaccine strains used in china and abroad. | 2012 | 22883269 |
| molecular characterization of the complete genome of a street rabies virus wh11 isolated from donkey in china. | the complete genomic sequence of a rabies virus isolate wh11, isolated from brain tissue of a rabid donkey in china, was determined and compared with other rabies viruses. this is the first chinese street strain which was isolated from donkey and the entire length and organization of the virus was similar to that of other rabies viruses. multiple alignments of amino acid sequences of the nucleoprotein, phosphoprotein, matrix protein, glycoprotein, and large protein of wh11 with those of other ra ... | 2012 | 22836559 |
| seroepidemiological survey of rhodococcus equi infection in asymptomatic horses and donkeys from southeast turkey. | in order to assess the level of rhodococcus equi infection in southeast turkey, 679 sera from healthy foals and adult horses and 78 sera from donkeys were tested by indirect elisa using a r. equi reference strain (atcc 33701) as antigen. eighty (11.7%) sera from horses and 9 (11.5%) sera from donkeys with titres >0.85 were positive. the prevalence of seropositive horses in sanliurfa province was higher than in diyarbakir province; 56 (13.9%) horses in sanliurfa province and 24 (8.7%) horses in d ... | 2011 | 22616436 |
| seroprevalence of rickettsia spp. in equids and molecular detection of 'candidatus rickettsia amblyommii' in amblyomma cajennense sensu lato ticks from the pantanal region of mato grosso, brazil. | the aim of the study was to evaluate exposure of equids to rickettsial agents (rickettsia rickettsii, rickettsia parkeri, 'candidatus rickettsia amblyommii', rickettsia rhipicephali, and rickettsia bellii) and rickettsial infection in ticks of a pantanal region of brazil. sera of 547 equids (500 horses and 47 donkeys) were evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence assay. in total, 665 adults and 106 nymphal pools of amblyomma cajennense f. sensu lato, 10 dermacentor nitens neumann ticks, and 88 l ... | 2014 | 26309313 |
| real-time pcr identification of six malassezia species. | lipophilic yeast malassezia species is widely found on the skin surface of humans and other animals. this fungus can cause pityriasis versicolor, malassezia folliculitis, and seborrheic dermatitis. still now, there is a problem with species identification of malassezia with conventional methods. we developed a real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr) assay with multiple hybridization probes for detecting m. globosa, m. furfur, m. restricta, m. sympodialis, m. slooffiae, and m. pachydermatis. th ... | 2017 | 28332161 |
| staphylococcus aureus in animals and food: methicillin resistance, prevalence and population structure. a review in the african continent. | the interest about staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) and methicillin resistant s. aureus (mrsa) in livestock, and domestic and wild animals has significantly increased. the spread of different clonal complexes related to livestock animals, mainly cc398, and the recent description of the new mecc gene, make it necessary to know more about the epidemiology and population structure of this microorganism all over the world. nowadays, there are several descriptions about the presence of s. aureus and ... | 2016 | 27681906 |
| arthroscopy of septic carpitis in donkeys (equus asinus). | experimental septic arthritis was induced in the radiocarpal joint of 18 donkeys by intra-articular injection of staphylococcus aureus (3-4x10(6) cfu). the inoculated animals were divided into three groups (6 donkeys in each group). the arthroscopic examination was carried out before induction of septic carpitis and 3 days (group i), 14 days (group ii), and 28 days (group iii) after induction of infection. the arthroscopic examination of group i revealed hyperemia of synovial membrane and hypert ... | 2014 | 26623350 |
| high diversity of genetic lineages and virulence genes in nasal staphylococcus aureus isolates from donkeys destined to food consumption in tunisia with predominance of the ruminant associated cc133 lineage. | the objective of this study was to determine the genetic lineages and the incidence of antibiotic resistance and virulence determinants of nasal staphylococcus aureus isolates of healthy donkeys destined to food consumption in tunisia. | 2012 | 23107174 |
| detection of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) in the microbial flora from the conjunctiva of healthy donkeys from sicily (italy). | to describe the bacterial flora present in the normal conjunctiva of donkeys from sicily (italy). | 2013 | 22520064 |
| characterisation of nasal staphylococcus delphini and staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from healthy donkeys in tunisia. | staphylococcus intermedius group (sig) bacteria can colonise the nares of some animals but are also emerging pathogens in humans and animals. | 2015 | 24913693 |
| control of strongyloides westeri by nematophagous fungi after passage through the gastrointestinal tract of donkeys. | strongyloides westeri is the most prevalent nematode among equines aged up to four months and causes gastrointestinal disorders. the objective of this study was to observe the control of infective s. westeri larvae (l3) by the nematophagous fungi duddingtonia flagrans (ac001) and monacrosporium thaumasium (nf34) after passage through the gastrointestinal tract of female donkeys. twelve dewormed female donkeys that were kept in stables were used. two treatment groups each comprising four animals ... | 2013 | 22832758 |
| cranial mesenteric arterial obstruction due to strongylus vulgaris larvae in a donkey (equus asinus). | arteritis due to strongylus vulgaris is a well-known cause of colic in horses and donkeys. the current report describes a fatal incidence of arterial obstruction in cranial mesenteric artery caused by s. vulgaris infection in an adult donkey in which anthelmintic treatment was not regularly administered. necropsy findings of the abdominal cavity revealed a complete cranial mesenteric arterial obstruction due to larvae of s. vulgaris, causing severe colic. to the authors' knowledge, a complete cr ... | 2014 | 25678931 |
| development of a novel molecular detection method for clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crisprs) in taylorella organisms. | contagious equine metritis is a bacterial infectious disease of horses caused by taylorella equigenitalis, a gram-negative eubacterium. the disease has been described in several continents, including europe, north america and asia. a novel molecular method was developed to detect clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (crisprs), which were separated by non-repetitive unique spacer regions (nrusrs) of similar length, in the taylorella equigenitalis eq59 strain using a primer pa ... | 2015 | 25934548 |
| prevalence and persistence of taylorella asinigenitalis in male donkeys. | this study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of taylorella asinigenitalis in a subset of the donkey population of michigan and in other equids on farms on which the organism was identified. other aims were to further characterize the carrier state in terms of persistence and preferred sites of colonization of t. asinigenitalis in the male donkey as well as determine the genotype of any isolates of the organism. initial testing of 43 donkeys and 1 mule turned up 4 (9.3%) donkeys cultur ... | 2012 | 22795262 |
| spatial distribution, risk factors and haemato-biochemical alterations associated with theileria equi infected equids of punjab (india) diagnosed by indirect elisa and nested pcr. | equine piroplasmosis is a febrile, tick-borne disease of equids predominately caused by obligatory intra-erythrocytic protozoa theileria equi in the indian sub-continent. a cross-sectional study was carried out on 464 equids (426 horses and 38 donkeys/mules) in punjab, india to assess the level of exposure to equine piroplasmosis by 18s rrna gene nested polymerase chain reaction (npcr) and equine merozoite antigen-2 (ema2) indirect-elisa (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), to investigate risk f ... | 2016 | 26747007 |
| multiplex pcr for detection of trypanosoma evansi and theileria equi in equids of punjab, india. | multiplex pcr for simultaneous detection of trypanosoma evansi and theileria equi in single-step reaction was optimized and employed on 108 equids (99 horses and 9 donkeys/mules) blood samples collected from two agro-climatic zones (sub-mountain undulating zone and undulating plain zone) of punjab to evaluate the status of concurrent infection and associated risk factors. the amplification products of 257 and 709 bp targeting repetitive nucleotide sequence of variable surface glycoproteins of t. ... | 2015 | 26070973 |
| development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) for detection of theileria equi. | several approaches have been developed for diagnosis of theileria equi infection in horses and donkeys but all of them have limitations in practice. due to numerous strengths including easy operation, cheapness and high sensitivity and specificity, lamp has been already extensively used for surveillance of a number of diseases. we here set up a lamp assay based on 18s rrna gene for t. equi diagnosis. the approach was specific enough to differentiate t. equi from other evolutionary-related protoz ... | 2013 | 23711610 |
| occurrence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii and its isolation and genotyping in donkeys, mules, and horses in brazil. | the occurrence of antibodies against toxoplasma gondii was determined in donkeys, mules, and horses from different regions of brazil. serum samples from 304 donkeys (67.11%), 118 horses (26.05%), and 31 mules (6.84%) were analyzed by means of the indirect fluorescent antibody test (cutoff=64). antibodies against t. gondii were detected in 129 equids (28.47%) (82 donkeys, 32 horses, and 15 mules). tissue samples from 19 seropositive and 50 seronegative animals were obtained in order to isolate th ... | 2015 | 25747488 |
| prevalence of toxoplasma gondii antibodies in domestic donkeys (equus asinus) in durango, mexico slaughtered for human consumption. | nothing is known about toxoplasma gondii prevalence in donkeys in mexico. meat from donkey is consumed by humans in mexico and also exported to other countries. we sought to determine the presence of antibodies against t. gondii in 239 domestic donkeys (equus asinus) for slaughter in durango, mexico using the modified agglutination test (mat). donkeys were sampled in four premises (trade centers) where donkeys were gather for shipment to abattoirs in other mexican states. | 2015 | 25595816 |
| [serological survey of animal toxoplasmosis in senegal]. | toxoplasma gondii is an obligate, intracellular, parasitic protozoan within the phylum apicomplexa that causes toxoplasmosis in mammalian hosts (including humans) and birds. we used modified direct agglutination test for the screening of the animals' sera collected in senegal. in total, 419 animals' sera have been studied: 103 bovines, 43 sheep, 52 goats, 63 horses, 13 donkeys and 145 dogs. the collection of sera was performed in four different regions of senegal: dakar, sine saloum, kedougou an ... | 2015 | 25307881 |
| a preliminary study on the quality and safety of milk in donkeys positive for toxoplasma gondii. | toxoplasmosis is one of the five parasitic diseases considered as a priority for public health action. the consumption of raw milk products represents a possible risk, in particular for certain categories of people. the aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effects of toxoplasma gondii on milk yield and quality in sero-positive animals with parasitemia. eighteen healthy lactating amiata jennies, between 90 and 180 days were included in the study. four donkeys scored positive for immunof ... | 2014 | 25118707 |
| detection and genotyping of toxoplasma gondii dna in the blood and milk of naturally infected donkeys (equus asinus). | toxoplasma gondii is a worldwide zoonotic protozoan. consumption of raw milk from infected animals is considered a risk factor for acquiring toxoplasmosis in humans. recently, donkey milk has been indicated for therapeutic and nutritional purposes and t. gondii infection is common in donkeys. the purpose of the present paper was to detect the presence of parasite dna in milk of t. gondii positive donkeys. | 2014 | 24708691 |
| seropositivity of toxoplasma gondii in domestic donkeys (equus asinus) and isolation of t. gondii from farm cats. | donkeys (equus asinus) are used as both companion and working animals throughout the world and in some countries, their meat and milk are used for human consumption. here we report the first serological survey of toxoplasma gondii in donkeys in the united states. serum samples from 373 donkeys from eight farms in five states were tested for t. gondii antibodies by the modified agglutination test (mat). twenty-four of 373 (6.4%) of donkeys were seropositive, with mat titers ranging from 25 to ≥ 2 ... | 2014 | 24140163 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in donkeys (equus asinus) in italy. | toxoplasmosis, an important zoonosis, can be transmitted by eating meat or drinking milk of animals infected with toxoplasma gondii. samples were collected from 238 donkeys in the year 2010 in italy, which included 207 females and 31 males of five breeds and crossbreeds with the average age 9 years (1 month-24 years). sera were tested for t. gondii antibodies using a latex agglutination test and the indirect fluorescent antibody test; 5 and 8% seropositivity were recorded, respectively. we found ... | 2014 | 24107428 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in horses and donkeys in yunnan province, southwestern china. | toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan parasite that infects almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans, with a worldwide distribution. there have been limited reports about the seroprevalence of t. gondii infection in equids around the world and little is known about the seroprevalence of t. gondii in equids in southwestern china, in particular in yunnan province. the objective of the present investigation was to estimate the seroprevalence of t. gondii infection in equids in th ... | 2013 | 23742078 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in slaughtered horses and donkeys in liaoning province, northeastern china. | toxoplasma gondii is an important zoonotic pathogen infecting humans and almost all warm-blooded animals. the most common sources of human infection are ingestion of tissue cysts in raw or undercooked meat. however, limited information is available about t. gondii infection in horses and donkeys in china. in the present study, we report the seroprevalence of t. gondii infection in horses and donkeys in liaoning province, northeastern china. | 2013 | 23680297 |
| occurrence of antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in mules and donkeys in the northeast of brazil. | the aim of the present study was to investigate antibodies to toxoplasma gondii in the serum of mules and donkeys bred in the northeast of brazil. in total, 483 samples were used (395 mules and 88 donkeys) from 4 states (pernambuco, rio grande do norte, paraíba, and sergipe). the indirect immunofluorescence reaction (ifi) technique was used to investigate antibodies to t. gondii with a cut-off point of 64. positive frequencies of 23.8% and 43.2% were recorded for mules and donkeys, respectively. ... | 2013 | 22924911 |
| seroprevalence of toxoplasma gondii in equids from southern spain. | antibodies to toxoplasma gondii were determined in serum samples from 616 equids (454 horses, 80 mules and 82 donkeys) in a cross-sectional study of 420 herds in andalusia (southern spain), the region with the highest number of equids in spain. antibodies to t. gondii were found in 10.8% horses, 15.0% mules and 25.6% donkeys by using the modified agglutination test (mat) at a cut-off of 1:25. herd seroprevalence for horses, mules and donkeys was 14.7% (48/327), 23.9% (11/46) and 34.0% (16/47), r ... | 2012 | 22366344 |
| curse on two generations: a history of congenital syphilis. | before the microbiologic era, venereal diseases were poorly distinguished. congenital syphilis was believed to be transmitted during conception by the father's sperm, during delivery in the birth canal, or from infected milk or breasts. the most frequent maternofetal transmission was not considered because the mother's primary infection remained undiagnosed. the concept of treating infants with mercury transmitted by nurses' milk prompted the founding of a specialized infant hospital in vaugirar ... | 2013 | 23485862 |
| equine dermatophytosis due to trichophyton bullosum, a poorly known zoophilic dermatophyte masquerading as t. verrucosum. | trichophyton bullosum is a zoophilic dermatophyte from the arthroderma benhamiae complex with a poorly known distribution. in this study, we report a case of dermatophytosis caused by t. bullosum in a 6-year-old male horse who had a skin lesion located in a saddle area. the infection spread rapidly to the upper chest and to both sides of the trunk. the dermatophyte was isolated in culture and identified by sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer regions (its rdna). to date, this is ... | 2015 | 26290003 |
| dermatophytosis in donkeys (equus asinus) due to microsporum racemosum, an unusual geophilic agent. | reports about ringworm in donkeys are scanty and refer to zoonotic agents such as trichophyton mentagrophytes and trichophyton verrucosum. seventeen asino amiatina donkeys semi-extensively farmed in paddocks showed alopecic nummular, scaling areas mainly on head and neck. microsporum racemosum cultivated from the lesions was identified by morphology and pcr. affected animals healed spontaneously. the present record reports for the first time the occurrence of ringworm due to m. racemosum in natu ... | 2016 | 27453813 |
| molecular characterization and classification of trypanosoma spp. venezuelan isolates based on microsatellite markers and kinetoplast maxicircle genes. | livestock trypanosomoses, caused by three species of the trypanozoon subgenus, trypanosoma brucei brucei, t. evansi and t. equiperdum is widely distributed throughout the world and constitutes an important limitation for the production of animal protein. t. evansi and t. equiperdum are morphologically indistinguishable parasites that evolved from a common ancestor but acquired important biological differences, including host range, mode of transmission, distribution, clinical symptoms and pathog ... | 2015 | 26467019 |
| molecular detection of equine trypanosomes in the sudan. | equine trypanosomosis (et) is a protozoan disease affecting equines in many parts of the world. we examined 509 samples collected from geographically distinct regions in eastern, central and western sudan to estimate the endemicity of et using the generic its1-pcr diagnostic methods. results revealed that horses and donkeys were infected by trypanosoma brucei subgroup, trypanosoma vivax, trypanosoma simiae and trypanosoma congolense. the prevalence of trypanosoma spp. was higher in horses (12.7% ... | 2014 | 24439848 |
| a study on african animal trypanosomosis in four areas of senegal. | in senegal, several areas provide great potential for agriculture and animal production, but african animal trypanosomosis (aat) is one of the major constraints to the development of more effective livestock production systems. a study was conducted to assess the current situation of aat in this country. surveys were carried out between june 2011 and september 2012 in four different areas: dakar, sine saloum, kedougou region and basse casamance in several animal species: dogs (152), donkeys (23) ... | 2015 | 26370150 |
| baseline survey of animal trypanosomosis in the region of the boucle du mouhoun, burkina faso. | in view of gathering baseline information about the prevalence of animal trypanosomosis, the pan african tsetse and trypanosomiasis eradication campaign (pattec) funded a cross sectional survey in the region of the boucle du mouhoun which constitutes the northern limit of the tsetse distribution in burkina. this cross sectional study was carried out in 53 villages located in the six provinces of the region. a total of 2002 cattle, 1466 small ruminants and 481 donkeys were sampled. this survey sh ... | 2013 | 23337746 |
| inter-laboratory ring trials to evaluate serological methods for dourine diagnosis. | to evaluate the reproducibility of routine serological methods to detect trypanosoma equiperdum antibodies in equine sera, two inter-laboratory ring trials were organized involving 22 european and 4 non-european reference laboratories for dourine. the serological methods were the complement fixation test (cft; 25 laboratories) and the indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat; 4 laboratories). three of the laboratories applied both these methods. the sample panels were composed of sera that were ... | 2014 | 25015543 |
| an inhibition enzyme immuno assay exploring recombinant invariant surface glycoprotein and monoclonal antibodies for surveillance of surra in animals. | the present study is aimed at the development of inhibition elisa (i-elisa) exploring monoclonal antibodies (mabs) and recombinant invariant surface glycoprotein. the extracellular domain (ed) of invariant surface glycoprotein (isg-75) from trypanosoma evasni has been heterologously expressed in pichia pastoris (x-33). the recombinant isg-75 (risg-75ed) was characterized by immunoblot and elisa, followed by the production of mabs against risg-75ed. the mabs were characterized by immunoblot and t ... | 2017 | 28233669 |