| isolation and identification of marek's disease virus by fluorescent antibody technique. | cell-associated herpesvirus related to marek's disease (md) was isolated from the direct culture of kidney cells of naturally infected chickens at taoyuan or by inoculation of clinical specimens to chick kidney (ck) and chick embryo fibroblast cells. the virus isolates replicated in ck or chick embryo kidney cell cultures were identified to be md by the fluorescent-antibody technique. | 1976 | 196818 |
| ca-regulation of mammalian smooth muscle actomyosin via a kinase-phosphatase-dependent phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of the 20 000-mr light chain of myosin. | | 1977 | 196850 |
| the actions of three diaminopyridines on the chick biventer cervicis muscle. | the effects of 2,3-, 2,6- and 3,4-diaminopyridine were investigated on the isolated chick biventer cervicis muscle preparation. all three compounds reversed tubocurarine blockade and augmented twitch height in indirectly stimulated preparations. less twitch augmentation was observed in directly stimulated preparations. 3,4-diaminopyridine was the most effective of the compounds in facilitating neuromuscular transmission, but exhibited less convulsant activity than 4-aminopyridine. 3,4- and 2,3-d ... | 1977 | 196864 |
| biological characterization of avian osteopetrosis. | chicks infected as 12-day-old embryos with an end-point purified derivative of avian myeloblastosis virus developed a rapidly progressive osteopetrosis that manifested within 1 week of hatching. a detailed comparison of osteopetrotic chicks and normal hatchmates revealed the following. (i) osteopetrotic chicks exhibited a stunting syndrome, growing at a mean rate that was 26% of the control rats. (ii) at autopsy, the mass of the lymphoid organs was reduced, whereas the mass of the heart, pancrea ... | 1977 | 197009 |
| characterization of purely ecotropic and amphotropic naturally occurring wild mouse leukemia viruses. | two new strains of murine leukemia virus, one (strain 4996) purely ecotropic and the other (strain 1313) purely amphotropic, were isolated from spontaneous lymphomas in aged wild mice (mus musculus). the 4996 virus is the first wild mouse field isolate which consists solely of ecotropic virus without the concomitant presence of amphotropic virus. the 1313 isolate is distinct in host range from seven other previously described wild mouse amphotropic isolates and is also the only murine leukemia v ... | 1977 | 197045 |
| surface proteins of fibroblast and sarcoma cells--their shedding and trypsin susceptibility. | | 1977 | 197048 |
| analysis of fat-soluble vitamins. xvi. antirachitic activity of 5,6-trans-vitamin d3 alone and in the presence of 5,6-cis-vitamin d3 resin, using chick bioassays. | two biological assays were conducted in which the antirachitic activity in chicks of 5,6-trans-vitamin d3 added to feed is compared with that of 5,6-cis-vitamin d3. on the basis of the results obtained it is concluded that the relative potency of the trans isomer is, at the most, 5% and that the antirachitic activity of the trans isomer is not markedly enhanced (an increase to a relative potency of 16%, at the most) if the cis isomer is also included in the diet. the results are not conclusive o ... | 1977 | 197056 |
| correlated effects of external magnesium on cation content and dna synthesis in culture chicken embryo fibroblasts. | | 1977 | 197110 |
| dissociation of antiviral and antitumor immunity in resistance to marek's disease. | immunization of chickens either with gluteral-dehyde-inactivated chicken kidney cells infected with marek's disease (md) virus or with glutaraldehyde-inactivated cells of md lymphoma-derived continuous lymphoblastoid cell lines protected against md. the former type of immunity was associated with an immunologic suppression of virus replication and virus antigen production after challenge with virulent virus, but lymphocytes specifically cytotoxic to cells bearing md tumor antigens were not detec ... | 1977 | 197249 |
| integration of proviral dna in chicken cells infected with schmidt-ruppin rous sarcoma virus is not enhanced by dna repair. | the effect dna repair might have on the integration of exogenous proviral dna into host cell dna was investigated by comparing the efficiency of proviral dna integration in normal chicken embryonic fibroblasts and in chicken embryonic fibroblasts treated with uv or 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide. the cells were treated with uv or 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide at various time intervals ranging from 6 h before to 24 h after infection with schmidt-ruppin strain a of rous sarcoma virus. the chicken embryonic f ... | 1977 | 197260 |
| histopathological observation of chicken inoculated with c-type virus isolated from the material infected with turkey herpesvirus. | | 1976 | 197292 |
| relationships between reticuloendothelial virus of chickens and an agent isolated from a duck embryo cell culture of turkey herpesvirus. | | 1976 | 197293 |
| antiviral t cell-mediated immunity in marek's disease. | | 1977 | 197421 |
| non-cholinergic excitatory transmission to intestinal smooth muscle cells. | | 1977 | 197428 |
| interaction of oncornaviral proteins separated by sds-page with antibodies in immunodiffusion. | | 1977 | 197437 |
| structural adaptations of lactate dehydrogenase isozymes. | the three-dimensional structures of dogfish m4 (muscle) and pig h4 (heart) lactate dehydrogenase (l-lactate:nad+ oxidoreductase, ec 1.1.1.27) have been determined and correlated with the amino acid sequences of the dogfish m4, pig m4, pig h4, chicken m4, and chicken h4 lactate dehydrogenase isozymes. these results have been related to the known differences of physicochemical properties between the m and h lactate dehydrogenase isozymes. by far the largest structural alterations occur in the tran ... | 1977 | 197516 |
| determination of vitamin d in butter and ghee by chick bioassay. | | 1977 | 197532 |
| [glucose-6-phosphatase activity of the pia mater of several representative vertebrates]. | studies have been made on the glucose-6-phosphatase activity in the pial matter of the lamprey lampetra fluviatilis, carp cyprinus carpio, frog rana temporaria, tortoises emys orbicularis and testudo horsfieldi, hen, rabbit and cat. the data obtained not only confirmed earlier observations on extremely high activity of the enzyme in lamprey's brain, but also demonstrated high activity of glucose-6-phosphatase in the pial matter of other vertebrates, especially in tortoises. | 1977 | 197748 |
| the regulation of vitamin d metabolism. | | 1977 | 197816 |
| effect of vitamin d3 and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 on intestinal transport of phosphate. | dietary variations (low calcium, low calcium, low phosphorus, or high strontium) change phosphate transport by the jejunum according to their respective ability to increase or block the synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3, suggesting that the action of this active sterol underlies the response of intestinal phosphate absorption to vitamin d. 1,25-(oh)2d3 stimulates the active entry of pi at the mucosal border by its action on protein synthesis. it is attractive to speculate that 1,25-(oh)2d3 m ... | 1977 | 197821 |
| ultrastructural study of avian synovium infected with an arthrotropic reovirus. | three-week-old chicks were inoculated via the foot pad with the avian reovirus (strain wvu 2937) that has been proved to be the causative agent in avian viral arthritis. the initial stages of the avian reovirus infection in the synovium of the hock joint were studied by transmission electron microscopy to shed light on the early virus-host relationship of an arthrotropic virus and synovial tissue. at 48 hours postinoculation (pi), coated, partially coated, and uncoated virus particles were seen ... | 1977 | 197972 |
| effects of solanum malacoxylon extract on rachitic chicks. comparative study with vitamin d3. | a comparative study of the effects of vitamin d3 and of a partially purified extract of solanum malacoxylon has been carried out in rachitic chicks. vitamin d3 and solanum malacoxylon increased intestinal calcium absorption and serum calcium levels. they normalized the bone water and ash content. vitamin d3 produced an increase of serum phosphate while solanum malacoxylon further decreased the already low phosphate values. vitamin d3 significantly increased the body weight increment of rachitic ... | 1977 | 198068 |
| catalase deficiency in myeloperoxidase deficient polymorphonuclear leucocytes from chicken. | | 1977 | 198253 |
| action of sphingomyelinase c and other lipid-specific agents as inhibitors of fc binding and locomotion in human leucocytes. | the binding of antibody-coated chicken erythrocytes (ea) to human blood lymphocytes and monocytes is inhibited by pretreatment of the leucocytes with sphingomyelinase c. inhibition of rosetting of neuraminidase-treated ea with neutrophils is also seen with this enzyme. the cholesterol-binding theta-toxin of clostridium perfringens and pronase also inhibit ea-rosette formation, but less strongly than sphingomyelinase. the lipid-specific agents also inhibit chemotactic migration of leucocytes to c ... | 1977 | 198359 |
| genetic variation in the rna transcripts of endogenous virus genes in uninfected chicken cells. | uninfected cells from two different phenotypes of chicken embryos express significant amounts of endogenous viral information, though they do not produce virus particles. cells of the phenotype gs(+)chf(+) are positive for both group-specific (gs) antigens and chicken helper factor (chf) activity, whereas cells of a second phenotype, gs(l)chf(+)(h(e)), demonstrate noncoordinate expression of these two viral activities (very low amounts of gs antigens, but extremely high helper activity). rna fro ... | 1977 | 198586 |
| acetylcholine overflow during infusion of a high potassium-low sodium solution into the perfused chicken heart in the absence and presence of physostigmine. | | 1977 | 198675 |
| notes on the mechanism of postvaccination immunity in marek's disease. | the investigated 16th and 45th in vitro passages of non-pathogenic variant 83 of the kekava strain marek's disease virus have led in chickens to resistance to marek's disease by introduction of the above-mentioned virus 14 days before application of pathogenic variant 55 of the kekava strain marek's disease virus. simultaneous administration of both variants of the kekava strains marek's disease virus did not protect chickens from the disease. presence in those variants of the kekava strain mare ... | 1977 | 198688 |
| [effect of thyroid hormones on cytochrome concentration on the liver and heart tissues of chickens during ontogenesis]. | changes in the concentration of cytochromes c, c1 and a in the liver and heart homogenates during chick pre- and postnatal development were detected by means of low temperature differential spectrometry. at the early stages of development the high content of respiratory enzymes comparable with that in the adult organism is noted. by the end of embryogenesis the content of cytochromes decreased and, subsequently, increased. the injection of thyroxine in the 16-17 days old embryos and 9-10 days ol ... | 1977 | 198716 |
| [interrelations of cyclic adenosine monophosphate and calcium in regulating glycogen synthetase in developing skeletal and cardiac muscles in chickens]. | the decrease of glycogen synthetase activity under the effect of ca++ and camp is observed in the skeletal muscles of chick embryos only at the later stages of embryogenesis (15-18 days). in the cardiac muscle the activity of glycogen synthetase is inhibited by ca++ apparently prior to the 12th day of development, long before the effect of camp which appears, as in the skeletal muscles, on the 18th day. under the combined effect of camp and ca++ in vitro and that of ca++ and epinephrine in vivo, ... | 1977 | 198718 |
| single-stranded dna from oncornavirus-infected cells enriched in virus-specific dna sequences. | we previously found that a minor fraction of single-stranded dna (ss-dna) isolated from native nuclear dna of normal chicken embryonic cells and cells of other species hybridized with bulk nuclear dna or cellular rna in great excess. at least one-third of ss-dna belonging to the nonrepetitious part of the cell genome could be hybridized to homologous rnas. in the present work, similar results were obtained with ss-dna from cells of chickens infected by avian myeloblastosis virus (amv). to invest ... | 1977 | 198800 |
| [aerosol vaccination of chickens against avian infectious laryngotracheitis]. | | 1977 | 198945 |
| [transforming action of the total rna preparations isolated from rous virus-induced sarcomas]. | the authors compared the effect of rna substances isolated from chick sarcomas producing rous virus and hamster sarcomas not producing the virus. in both species of animals the tumors were induced by the same rous virus strain (carr-zilber). the treatment of embryonal cells cultures both of the chick and hamster with rna preparations resulted in the morphological transformation. the action of rna-s would reduce considerably or eliminated totally the effect, while dna-s failed to influence the ac ... | 1977 | 198954 |
| [quantitative indices and physico-chemical properties of non-specific inhibitors of influenza a virus hemagglutination in the sera of different species of animals and birds]. | the results of studies of the quantitative values of nonspecific antihemagglutinins of influenza viruses in the sera of birds, laboratory, wild and domestic animals (altogether 27 species) are presented. the antiviral inhibitors characterized by a number of physicochemical properties (sensitivity to heating, kio4, trypsin, rivanol, 2-mercaptoethanol) were divided into 3 groups, sera of sheep, goats and cattle making up a separate group with regard to their sensitivity to heating and treatment wi ... | 1977 | 198965 |
| [mechanism of postvaccinal immunity in marek's disease]. | the apathogenic variant no. 38 of marek's disease virus, kekava strain (mdv-kekava), at the level of the 16th and 45th passages in vitro made chickens resistant to marek's disease when inoculated 14 days before the infection of the chickens with the pathogenic variant no. 55 of mdv-kekava. a simultaneous administration of both variants did not protect the animals against the disease. the occurrence in variants of mdv-kekava of genetic markets manifest upon virus passages in chick embryo fibrobla ... | 1977 | 198968 |
| lymphoid leukosis: interrelations among virus infections in hens, eggs, embryos, and chicks. | hens from a commercial source were selected because they were infected with lymphoid leukosis virus (llv). llv was detected in vaginal swabs from 17 viremic hens and from 27 of 44 hens that were not viremic. all hens that were positive on the vaginal swab test (vst) produced one or more eggs with virus in albumen or in embryos, whereas in comparable tests, virus was detected only in eggs from 5 of 17 hens that were negative on vst. congenital transmission of llv was erratic and neither the vst n ... | 1977 | 199151 |
| pathogenicity of low-virulence marek's disease viruses in normal versus immunologically compromised chickens. | to learn whether "low virulence" isolants of marek's disease (md) virus have a low inherent oncogenic potential, 3 isolants (cu-1, cu-2, s-11) were given to genetically susceptible s-strain or p-line birds with or without immunosuppressive treatments. based on lesion incidence and type during an 8-10-week experimental period, embryonal (17-day) bursectomy and neonatal cyclophosphamide (cy) treatment were without effect on cu-1 and cu-2 infections in p-lines. s-11 virus was virulent for p-lines, ... | 1977 | 199152 |
| serological response of chickens exposed to a type 1 avian adenovirus alone or in combination with the adeno-associated virus. | the avian adenoviruses (av) are common infectious agents of poultry and other avian species throughout the world (1,4,8). limited observations suggest that the adeno-associated virus (a-av) coinfects many of the chickens that carry av (8). the presence and persistence of these infections in a flock is often determined by serological methods. in the current study, the immune response of chickens to type 1 av alone and to a dual exposure, av plus a-av, was followed over a 12-week period with a var ... | 1977 | 199153 |
| membrane cholesterol and cell fusion of hen and guinea-pig erythrocytes. | 1. the cholesterol content of hen erythrocytes was modified by treating the cells with phospholipid liposomes. 2. depletion of cellular cholesterol, by using liposomes of dipalmitoylglycerophosphocholine or phosphatidylcholine from hen erythrocytes, had no effect on the susceptibility of the cells to fusion induced by oleoylglycerol, but markedly decreased fusion induced by sendai virus. 3. by contrast, enrichment of cellular cholesterol by using liposomes of dipalmitoylglycerophosphocholine and ... | 1977 | 199160 |
| biochemical and immunological evidence for the presence of an apolipoprotein b-like component in the serum low-density lipoproteins of several animal species. | the major component of the protein moiety of human ldl, i.e. apolipoprotein b, has been compared biochemically and immunologically with its counterpart in the ldl of several groups of animals (mammals, birds, snakes and fish). a marked resemblance was found in the amino acid composition of the apo-b fractions from all the phylogenetic groups, although immunological cross-reactivity with human apolipoprotein b occurred only in the case of non-human primate (old world monkey), non-primate mammalia ... | 1977 | 199207 |
| pharmacological and certain chemical properties of ah 10407, an unusually short-acting, competitive neuromuscular blocking drug, and some related compounds. | 1,1-azobis[3-methyl-2-phenylbenzimidazolinium]dimethanesulphonate (ah 10407) has an ultrashort, competitive neuromuscular blocking action in the mouse, cat, dog, cynamolgus monkey and cotton-eared marmoset. 2 ah 10407 is chemically unstable in bicarbonate-containing solutions and is degraded to inactive products. the half-life of ah 10407 in vitro in dog and human whole blood and in krebs physiological solution is about 1.0 minute. in distilled water and in hco-3-deficient krebs solution ah 1040 ... | 1977 | 199310 |
| responses of the immature fowl to a single injection of adrenocorticotrophic hormone. | chicks, aged 1 or 21 d, were injected with long-acting acth (6, 12, 30 or 60 iu/kg) and changes in plasma glucose and cholesterol and in adrenal weight and cholesterol measured. 2. no consistent response was observed in the 1-d-old chicks. 3. hyperglycaemia and adrenal cholesterol depletion could be demonstrated in the 3-week-old bird at all doses. 4. the duration of the hyperglycaemic response was dose-dependent but there was only limited evidence that adrenal cholesterol depletion was similarl ... | 1977 | 199321 |
| contact-mediated suppression of mitogen-induced responsiveness by spleen cells in reticuloendotheliosis virus-induced tumorigenesis. | | 1977 | 199358 |
| [cellular contaminants and structural proteins of rous sarcoma virus (rsv), studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis]. | the number of polypeptides in highly purified preparations of rsv, of two different subgroups, produced in culture, has been compared to the polypeptides present in the supernatant of uninfected cultures and processed in identical manner. the analysis of page-sds shows that from 13 to 18 polypeptides present in viral preparations may be cellular contaminants. fewer contaminating polypeptides are found in the myeloblastosis virus purified from plasma of chicken. | 1977 | 199367 |
| purification and properties of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate phosphatase-mutase from erythrocytes of day-old chicks. | | 1977 | 199431 |
| protein components of very low density lipoproteins from hen's egg yolk. | egg yolk lipoproteins of very low density were found to contain proteins with cofactor activity for lipoprotein lipase. when delipidated very low density lipoproteins were dissolved in 10 mm hcl and fractionated by gel filtration about two thirds of the protein were in several components with estimated molecular weights of 60000 to more than 170000. the major low-molecular-weight proteins were the dimeric and monomeric forms of a previously characterized 9000-dalton peptide. the cofactor activit ... | 1977 | 199437 |
| stimulation and inhibition of milk (lipoprotein) lipase by proteins from egg yolk lipoproteins. | | 1977 | 199438 |
| a new method for measurement of cyclic amp phosphodiesterase activity. | the extreme sensitivity of chicken muscle fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase to inhibition by 5'-amp has been utilized to develop a new method for the assay of camp phosphodiesterase activity. in this method, the substrate (camp) is first incubated with phosphodiesterase and the amount of 5'-amp formed is then determined by measuring the degree of inhibition of fructose 1'6-bisphosphatase activity. the present method conveniently employs the spectrophotometric technique and is sensitive enough to detec ... | 1977 | 199581 |
| viral protein synthesis by tissues from avian leukosis virus-infected chickens. i. susceptible chickens infected after hatching. | | 1977 | 199668 |
| control of transformed focus morphology in chicken cell cultures infected with rous sarcoma virus. | | 1977 | 199692 |
| measurement of proviral genes in uninfected and avian myeloblastosis virus-infected cells by hybridization with 3h-labeled complementary dna probe excess. | viral rna (vrna) from avian myeloblastosis virus or dna from virus-infected and uninfected cells was hybridized with [3h]dna complementary to viral rna ([3h]cdna) under conditions of [3h]cdna excess. when [3h]cdna was used to drive the hybridization reaction with vrna, a rate constant of 33.2 liters/mol-s was obtained. the same rate constant was obtained when vrna excess was used as the driver. the specific activities of the [3h]dna probe, estimated from kinetic measurements of the hybridization ... | 1977 | 199736 |
| nucleotide sequences derived from pheasant dna in the genome of recombinant avian leukosis viruses with subgroup f specificity. | recombination between viral and cellular genes can give rise to new strains of retroviruses. for example, rous-associated virus 61 (rav-61) is a recombinant between the bryan high-titer strain of rous sarcoma virus (rsv) and normal pheasant dna. nucleic acid hybridization techniques were used to study the genome of rav-61 and another rav with subgroup f specificity (rav-f) obtained by passage of rsv-rav-0 in cells from a ring-necked pheasant embryo. the nucleotide sequences acquired by these two ... | 1977 | 199737 |
| poxvirus fibromas on african hares. | small dermal tumors were found on three african hares (lepus capensis) in the laikipia district, kenya. gross and histopathologic studies revealed similarities to the shope's fibroma of wild rabbits in north america and fibromas of european hares. histological examination of the african hare fibromas revealed intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies characteristic of poxviruses and poxvirus virions were demonstrated by electron microscopy of ultrathin sections. attempts to propagate the virus in rabbit ... | 1977 | 199751 |
| potentiation of the ngf-mediated nerve fiber outgrowth by ginsenoside rb1 in organ cultures of chicken dorsal root ganglia. | the fiber outgrowth induced by ach, dibutyryl cyclic amp and dibutyryl cyclic gmp in explanted chick embryonic dorsal root ganglia differed distinctly from that be nerve growth factor (ngf) and submandibular gland extract of adult male mice. ginsenoside rb1 potentiated the effects of ngf and submandibular extract at concentrations of 3 and 30 mum, but did not potentiate the effects of ach, dibutyryl cyclic amp and dibutyryl cyclic gmp. ngf-antibody inhibited the effects of ngf, but not the effec ... | 1977 | 199774 |
| effects of a nonapeptide fts on lymphocyte differentiations in vitro. | | 1977 | 199845 |
| immunodiffusion test in avian encephalomyelitis. i. standardization of procedure and detection of antigen in infected chickens and embryos. | the double immunodiffusion technique was applied to avian encephalomyelitis virus (aev). agar gel medium containing such a high concentration of nacl as 15% was more preferable for highly diluted quantities of reactants than any other nacl-containing medium. a single precipitin line appeared on the 1st to 7th days of diffusion at room temperature. the specificity of reaction between aev antigen and homologous immune chicken serum has been demonstrated by no cross reaction between heterologous vi ... | 1977 | 199850 |
| immunodiffusion test in avian encephalomyelitis. ii. detection of precipitating antibody in infected chickens in comparison with neutralizing antibody. | the sensitivities of double-immunodiffusion (did) and neutralization tests to detect avian encephalomyelitis (ae) antibody in chickens were studied. two antigens were employed in the tests. concentrated antigen gave a higher titer of antiserum than crude antigen, which reacted only to serum having a neutralization log-index (ni) of 3.4approximately4.0 or more. antibody responses were examined in four growing chick groups inoculated with ae virus by the intracerebral, subcutaneous and oral routes ... | 1977 | 199851 |
| effect of various lead and cadmium levels in broiler and laying rations on the performance of the birds and on the residues in tissues and eggs. | | 1977 | 199859 |
| [antiviral activity in the serum of patients with acute myelocytic leukemia: prognostic significance. preliminary report]. | in view of suggestions that acute myeloblastic leukemia (aml) may be of viral etiology, sera of 31 patients suffering from aml were investigated for antiviral activity. fowl plague virus (fpv), vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), bt 20 mammary carcinoma cells and chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) were used as assay systems. in the fpv-bt20 system, 19 of 20 patients whose blood sample was taken when they were in complete remission showed antiviral activity in their sera. these patients stayed in com ... | 1977 | 199938 |
| [abortive myxovirus infection in ehrlich's ascitic carcinoma cells. further study of the nature of the virus-specific structures produced by heterokaryons]. | fowl plague virus-infected cells of ehrlich ascitic carcinoma produce a noninfectious virus which is defective in fragility of its membranes. an attempt has been made to produce nondefective virus by fusion of infected ehrlich cells with permissive cells: infected and non-infected chicken fibroblasts. the fusion of fpv-infected and 3h-uridine labeled ehrlich ascitic carcinoma cells with infected unlabeled chicken fibroblasts using inactivated sendai virus resulted in production of two types of l ... | 1977 | 200012 |
| [study of the synthesis of rous virus-specific rna in chick embryo cells]. | the presence of virus-specific rna in commercial chick embryos and its lack in chick embryos of leukemia-free chicken farm of the ussr ams oncological research center as well as in cell cultures from rif-free chicken infected with marek's disease virus was demonstrated by hybridizationof 3h-dna-product of rous sarcoma virus synthesized in vitro in the presence of actinomycin d with the total preparation of cellular rna. | 1977 | 200014 |
| [study of the vaccinating properties of 2 variants of marek's disease virus]. | the vaccinating properties of two variants of marek's disease virus, kekava strain (mdv-kekava) have been studied. one of them is naturally attenuated, the other has been produced as a result of attenuation of the pathogenic mdv-kekava by long-term passages in chick embryo fibroblast (cef) culture. the vaccinating properties of the naturally attenuated strains (mdv-kekava 83) were first studied in an experiment in which the blood of chicken no. 1683 was used as the vaccine. in paralled. the mdv- ... | 1977 | 200016 |
| circadian rhythm of hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenal activity in the chicken. | corticosteroid production, acth content in the adenohypophysis and crf content in the median eminence were studied in vitro and in vivo in the 3-weeks-old chicken according to saffran and schally in four different parts of the day: at 6 and 12 a.m., and 6 and 12 p.m. the chicken adrenals in vitro produced only corticosterone in fluorimetrically measurable amounts, with the maximum during the day and the minimum in the evening and at night. sensitivity to acth of the adrenals in vitro was higher ... | 1976 | 200065 |
| seasonal rhythm in the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenal function of the chicken. | the seasonal rhythm in hypothalamo-hypophyseal-adrenal function was studied in 3-week-old, meat-hybrid chickens, bred under standard conditions, crf content in the median eminence and acth content in the adenohypophysis showed the maximum in february, the minimum in august, to return practically to the february level by november. adrenal corticosterone production was maximum in february decreased by may and stayed at the low level for the further months of the year. the increase in autumn of the ... | 1976 | 200066 |
| immune response and adult mortality associated with the b locus in chickens. | | 1977 | 200123 |
| immune responses and prevention of lymphoid leukosis tumors in chickens fed an androgen analog. | | 1977 | 200124 |
| demonstration of low-pathogenicity laryngotracheitis virus in a chicken flock affected by newcastle disease. | | 1976 | 200130 |
| studies on poxvirus isolated from a magpig in queensland. | an avian poxvirus was isolated from a black-backed magpie in queensland. the virus produced pocks on the chorio-allantoic membrane of chicken embryos and lesions on the skin of chickens. comparison by passive haemagglutination test and neutralisation test indicated that the virus was related more closely to pigeonpox virus than to fowlpox virus. | 1977 | 200213 |
| effects of isoproterenol on cyclic amp and cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase in developing chick myocardium. | embryonic chick (7-9 day) and newborn chick myocardia contain one major peak of cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase activity as assessed by deae-cellulose chromatography. evidence is presented that the cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase activity ratios (activity in absence of cyclic amp/activity in presence of added cyclic amp) of homogenates prepared with low ionic strength buffer reflect the endogenous activation state of the enzyme. the cyclic amp content of newborn chick myocardium is lower ... | 1977 | 200278 |
| histochemical studies on the ebv-determined nuclear antigen (ebna). | the ebv-determined nuclear antigen (ebna) was studied with regard to several histochemical properties. proteolytic enzymes destroyed ebna staining. rnase dnase and hyaluronidase had no effect on the number of ebna positive cells. intensive treatment with dnase weakened the chromosomal fluorescence of ebna, whereas the staining of interphase nuclei was relatively enzyme resistant. when ebv-associated soluble complement-fixing antigen of raji cells (cfa-r) was added to methanolacetic acid-fixed ch ... | 1977 | 200290 |
| the effect of verapamil on the action of parathyroid hormone on embryonic bone in vitro. | short term in vitro experiments showed that, added alone, verapamil inhibited both glycolysis and ca uptake in embryonic chicken and rat bone cells. added together with pth, verapamil (0.02 mm) enhanced camp production, had no effect on lactate production, but significantly inhibited citrate, calcium and phosphate release from embryonic rat and mouse calvaria incubated under hypocalcemic conditions. the depression by verapamil of pth-stimulated demineralization was confirmed histologically. it i ... | 1977 | 200441 |
| binding of rat follicle-stimulating hormone to the turtle ovary in vitro and inhibition of the binding by gonadotropin preparations of various vertebrates. | | 1977 | 200516 |
| effects of chicken and ovine luteinizing hormone on androgen release and cyclic amp production by isolated cells from the quail testis. | | 1977 | 200522 |
| inactivation of pyruvate kinase type m2 from chicken liver by phosphorylation, catalyzed by a camp-independent protein kinase. | a camp-independent protein kinase from chicken liver phosphorylated and inactivated pyruvate kinase type m2 from the same tissue. complete inactivation was reached when 4 mol of phosphate were incorporated/mol of tetrameric pyruvate kinase. the protein kinase bound with high affinity to pyruvate kinase type m2 (km value for pyruvate kinase = 6 x 10(-10)m; it phosphorylated phosvitin and casein but not histones, atp and gtp were substrates. the differences between the properties of this protein k ... | 1977 | 200542 |
| modification of interconversion of pyruvate kinase type m2 from chicken liver by fructose 1,6-bisphosphate and l-alanine. | | 1977 | 200543 |
| new test for endotoxin potency based upon histamine sensitization in mice. | the results of a test of endotoxic potency based upon the development of histamine hypersensitivity in mice were compared with the results obtained by testing the same materials for pyrogenicity in rabbits and lethality for chicken embryos (celd50). the results of the histamine hypersensitization test (hht) correlated well with those of the other two tests. the sensitivity of the hht was about the same as that of the celd50 assay. the hht may provide a relatively inexpensive, fast, and reliable ... | 1977 | 200560 |
| recovery of avian sarcoma virus from tumors induced by transformation-defective mutants. | transformation-defective (td) mutants of the schmidt-ruppin strain of rous sarcoma virus (rsv), which contains deletions in the gene responsible for transformation (src gene), are unable to transform chicken embryo fibroblasts in vitro. injection of some of these td mutants into newborn chickens resulted in the formation of sarcomas from which sarcoma virus was unfailingly recovered. the possibility that transforming rsv was present in the td virus preparations was excluded by further purificati ... | 1977 | 200700 |
| avian tumour virus interactions with chicken fibroblast membranes: partial characterization of initial attachment site activity. | exposure of chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) to trypsin solubilizes cell surface components, including the initial attachment site for avian tumour viruses (atv). the soluble attachment site activity appears to interact directly with the atv in vitro thereby interfering with the binding of at least two atv subgroups to both intact cef and cef plasma membranes. a result of this interaction in vitro is reduced atv infectivity, demonstrated by reduced transforming capacity of rsv (rav-i). | 1977 | 200712 |
| effects of estrogen on very low density lipoproteins (vldl) synthesis in avian liver slices in vitro: lack of correlation with nuclear estrogen receptors. | | 1977 | 200807 |
| post-infection genetic resistance to avian lymphoid leukosis resides in b target cell. | | 1977 | 200849 |
| infectious anaemia of chickens in australia. | | 1977 | 200870 |
| cellular transformation and differentiation. effect of rous sarcoma virus transformation on sulfated proteoglycan synthesis by chicken chondrocytes. | incorporation of sulfate into sulfated proteoglycans by isolated chicken chondrocytes was inhibited up to 74% by transformation with the rous sarcoma virus, and a similar inhibitory effect was observed on acetate incorporation into chondroitin sulfate. slower sedimenting sulfated proteoglycans appear after the viral transformation. the ratio of chondroitin 4-sulfate to chondroitin 6-sulfate in these slower sedimenting sulfated proteoglycans was different from that of normal chondrocytes, but the ... | 1977 | 200905 |
| activation of hormone-sensitive lipase and phosphorylase kinase by purified cyclic gmp-dependent protein kinase. | cyclic gmp-dependent protein kinase, purified to homogeneity from bovine lung, was shown to activate hormone-sensitive lipase partially purified from chicken adipose tissue. the degree of activation was the same as that effected by cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase although higher concentrations of the cyclic gmp-dependent enzyme were required (relative activities expressed in terms of histone h2b phosphorylation units). activation by cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase was completely blocked ... | 1977 | 200937 |
| ultrastructural observations on the parathyroid glands from rachitic chicks before and after vitamin d or cestrum diurnum leaves treatment. | | 1977 | 200984 |
| [effect of thyroxine, insulin and cholesterol on the amount of cyclic adenosine monophosphate in normal and oncornavirus infected cells]. | the intracellular concentration of cyclic amp in normal cells and in cells infected with the rous sarcoma virus (chicken fibroblasts) was determined by the method of saturation analysis (method of concurrent binding with protein). thyroxine (2 mcg/ml) increased the level of cyclic amp both in normal and infected cells, insulin (2 mcg/ml) decreased the concentration of cyclic amp in infected cells, but cholesterol (5 mcg/ml) exerted no effect on this parameter in infected cells. the data are disc ... | 1977 | 201057 |
| pathology of adenoviral infection in turkeys (meleagris gallopavo) with respiratory disease and colisepticemia. | nuclear inclusion bodies typical of the adenovirus group were widespread in in the spleen and other tissues of 8-week-old turkeys with severe respiratory disease and concomitant evidence of colisepticemia. adenoviral virions were seen in affected nuclei of splenic tissue and in negatively stained preparations of ground spleen. in splenic tissue, inclusions were most prominent in reticular cells and macrophages in the periarterial lymphoid sheaths, the red pulp and the marginal zones of the peria ... | 1977 | 201075 |
| [economic effectiveness of specific preventive measures against infectious bronchitis of chickens]. | | 1977 | 201081 |
| [pathomorphology of infectious bursitis in chicks]. | morphologic studies were carried out on birds aged 17 to 90 days, affected with gumboro disease and occasionally died from the same disease (infectious bursitis). established were hemorrhages in the leg and breast musculature, substantial enlargement of the bursa of fabricius, and lesions in the kidneys. in some cases hemorrhages were also found on the serous membrane of the parenchymal organs. the histologic investigation of the involved parenchymal organs revealed necrobiotic changes (karyopyc ... | 1977 | 201083 |
| demyelination in allergic and marek's disease virus induced neuritis. comparative electron microscopic studies. | patterns of demyelination were studied in sciatic nerves, spinal roots and ganglia of chickens afflicted with either marek's disease (md) or experimental allergic neuritis (ean). md was induced in susceptible chicks after hatching by inoculation of the jm strain of md herpes virus. tissues from these chickens were examined 7-83 days after infection. ean was studied 10-21 days after sensitization of 4 week old chickens to emulsions containing human peripheral nerve with complete freund's adjuvant ... | 1977 | 201143 |
| isolation of marek's disease herpesvirus of low pathogenicity from commercial chickens. | | 1977 | 201237 |
| a biochemical explanation for the fatty liver and kidney syndrome of broilers: its alleviation by the short-term use of dietary fat. | 1. fatty livers and kidney syndrome (flks) was induced in young broiler chickens by giving them a diet composed principally of wheat and meat meal. 2. flks resulted in reduced growth and increased liver weight; fasting for 18 h increased mortality, liver lipid and the specific activity of hepatic atp-citrate lyase compared with birds fed on a commercial diet. the specific activities of hepatic fructose-1,6-diphosphate-1-phosphohydrolase and pyruvate carboxylase were reduced in birds suffering fr ... | 1977 | 201268 |
| effects of deoxycholate and phospholipase a2 on choline and ethanolamine phosphotransferases of chicken brain microsomes. | ethanolamine phosphotransferase (ec 2.7.8.1) and choline phosphotransferase (ec 2.7.8.2) activities were assayed in fresh microsomes from adult chicken brains with either diacylglycerols or alkylacylglycerols. pretreatment of microsomes with 1.25 mm sodium deoxycholate, a concentration less than the critical micelle concentration, produced a slight inhibition of choline phosphotransferase activity. a deoxycholate concentration (5.0 mm) greater than the critical micelle concentration (3.0 mm) dec ... | 1977 | 201287 |
| hydrolysis of triphosphoinositides in developing central and peripheral nervous systems of the chicken. | | 1977 | 201341 |
| effect of vitamin d3 on duodenal absorptive cell plasma membranes: freeze fracture replication study. | vitamin d3 induced changes in the number of 5.8 nm sized randomly scattered particles on the ef faces of plasma membranes of chick duodenal absorptive cells. their number increased as compared to those in rachitic animals. also vitamin d3 seemed to alter the nature of the zonula occludens. these changes appear to be related to increased active absorption and passive diffusion of calcium respectively under vitamin d3 influence. | 1976 | 201433 |
| increased growth of rous sarcomas in chickens pretreated with formalinized syngeneic tumor cells. | the effect of inoculating formalinized syngeneic or allogeneic rous sarcoma cells on the growth of rous sarcoma virus (rsv)-induced tumors in two related inbred strains of chickens was studied. chickens from both strains that received three weakly inoculations of syngeneic tumor cells had a significant increase in tumor growth and mortality after subsequent challenge with rsv. development of rsv-induced tumors in chickens pretreated with formalinized allogeneic tumor cells (i.e. incompatible for ... | 1977 | 201468 |
| unusual susceptibility of oncogenic viruses to an antiviral antibiotic (bxm-10). | | 1977 | 201600 |
| structural protein markers in the avian oncoviruses. | the proteins of purified avian oncoviruses were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate (sds)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. certain members of the avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses (alsv) had group-specific antigens with altered electrophoretic properties. (i) the p27 protein of rous-associated virus 0 (rav-0) had a lower electrophoretic mobility in sds gels and a lower isoelectric point than the p27 of other alsv. (ii) the p19 proteins of rav-1, rav-2, and the bryan high- ... | 1977 | 201780 |
| cyclophosphamide induced sensitivity against avian rna myeloblastosis virus in age-resistant hosts. | the effect of cyclophosphamide administration on survival of 4- to 7-week-old chickens as well as on induction of leukemia after avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) injection was studied. the drug treatment alone did not cause any neoplastic effect in the birds during 4 months of observation. immediate application of amv to cyclophosphamide-pretreated age-resistant chickens induced acute myeloblastic leukemia in about 80 per cent of test animals. the sensitivity of chickens against amv, induced by ... | 1977 | 201874 |
| [infectious bursitis in switzerland: seroepizootologic studies using counterimmunoelectrophoresis]. | | 1977 | 202021 |
| immunofluorescent study on egg-adapted avian encephalomyelitis virus infection in chickens. | fluorescent antibody study showed persistent infection of egg-adapted avian encephalomyelitis virus in the central nervous system and pancreatic tissues of infected embryos and chickens hatched from them. the limited organ tropism of the egg-adapted virus in hatched chickens was in striking contrast to the systemic infection that occurs with a field strain. in chidkens orally infected with egg-adapted virus strains, transient infection of a few organs was found despite occurrence of viremia. | 1977 | 202177 |
| virus production with a newly developed microcarrier system. | primary cell cultures as well as established lines have been grown on a recently developed microcarrier configuration that overcomes the problem of toxicity attendant on earlier developments in this technology. virus yields from these cells propagated on the new microcarriers have been measured. microcarrier-grown cells, when compared to roller-bottle-grown cells, gave virus yields on a per-cell basis that varied from slightly greater with the sindbis virus-chinese hamster ovary cells and polio- ... | 1977 | 202193 |