| intracellular tubercle bacilli-alveolar macrophage lysosomal enzymes interaction in experimental tuberculosis. | this study is an attempt to understand the mechanism of macrophage activation and its effect on the microbicidal properties of the macrophage. alveolar macrophages (am) from normal and bcg-vaccinated guinea pigs were harvested at intervals of 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. half of the guinea pigs from each group were challenged intratracheally with mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv. in am, the levels of three lysosomal enzymes, beta-galactosidase (beta-gal), n-acetylglucosaminidase (n-ac), and lysozy ... | 1990 | 2116247 |
| specific detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains by polymerase chain reaction. | during the screening of a mycobacterium tuberculosis lambda gt-11 gene library with monoclonal antibodies, we detected a recombinant clone, lambda ph7311, which contained a mycobacterial dna insert that hybridized specifically with dna of m. tuberculosis complex strains. part of this insert was sequenced and used for the development of an m. tuberculosis complex-specific polymerase chain reaction (pcr). only strains belonging to species of the m. tuberculosis complex group contained an amplifiab ... | 1990 | 2116445 |
| comparison of improved bactec and lowenstein-jensen media for culture of mycobacteria from clinical specimens. | a 4-month trial involving 2,563 routine clinical specimens was conducted to compare the improved bactec tb system (12b medium) with the conventional lowenstein-jensen (lj) media for the isolation, identification, and susceptibility testing of mycobacteria. one hundred sixty-two mycobacterial isolates were recovered, 147 (91%) with bactec and 118 (73%) with lj media. of these, 62 were mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains, 59 (95%) of which were isolated with bactec and 54 (87%) of which wer ... | 1990 | 2116446 |
| cord formation in bactec 7h12 medium for rapid, presumptive identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. | we evaluated cord formation in bactec 7h12 medium as a criterion for rapid identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. kinyoun-stained smears, prepared from 270 radiometrically positive bactec 7h12 bottles, were examined independently by three observers. smears from 93.2, 88.6, and 83.0% of the m. tuberculosis complex cultures were read as cord positive, and smears from 97.3, 97.8, and 99.5% of the mycobacteria other than m. tuberculosis cultures were read as cord negative by the three ... | 1990 | 2116448 |
| drug resistance in tuberculosis. | resistance to antituberculosis drugs is due to the occurrence of resistant mutants in the bacterial population even before exposure to these drugs. these mutations are chromosomal in origin. resistance occurs when the bacterial population is large or when drugs are used alone. potent drugs such as rifampicin, isoniazid and streptomycin are effective in preventing emergence of resistance. resistance to isoniazid and streptomycin was found to have minimal influence on response to short-course chem ... | 1990 | 2116504 |
| [the current epidemiologic profile of the drug resistance of koch's bacillus to antitubercular antibiotic chemicals]. | the study was conducted on patients with initially diagnosed tuberculosis encountered in 1986-87. a series of 269 bacterial antibiograms performed on sputum [correction of excreate] and other materials was examined in order to ascertain the resistance of koch's bacillus to r/amp, inh, sm and emb. primary drug resistance was found in 64 cases (23.79% of the total) and was isolated in 32 (11.89%), multiple in the rest. the response to the individual antibiotics was a follows resistance to inh was ... | 1990 | 2116606 |
| effect of methodology, dilution, and exposure time on the tuberculocidal activity of glutaraldehyde-based disinfectants. | the association of official analytical chemists (aoac) test for assessing the tuberculocidal activity of disinfectants has been shown to be variable. a modified aoac test, which substituted middlebrook 7h9 broth as the primary subculture medium and used neutralization by dilution, was compared with the standard aoac method to assess the mycobactericidal activity of three glutaraldehyde-based disinfectants at 20 degrees c and various exposure times. these changes had a marked effect on results, w ... | 1990 | 2116760 |
| are accessory molecules implicated in activation of t cells at the blood-retinal barrier? | co-culture of rat retinal pigment epithelial (rpe) cells or retinal capillary endothelial (ec) cells with t lymphocytes from immunised syngeneic rats indicated that rpe cells but not ec could process retinal s-antigen and induce antigen specific t cell activation. activation of lymphocytes by ec however was also antigen independent, and may be due to t cell (cd2) endothelial cell (lfa-3) ligand interactions which are functional on ec but not rpe. | 1990 | 2116956 |
| granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor restricts growth of tubercle bacilli in human macrophages. | the effect of human recombinant granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (gm-csf) on the uptake and intracellular growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis in human macrophages was investigated. gm-csf was found to reduce growth of m. tuberculosis in human monocyte-derived macrophages in vitro, as compared to untreated cells. the decrease in intracellular growth of the tubercle bacilli did not depend on generation of reactive oxygen species, inasmuch as treatment with scavengers did not affec ... | 1990 | 2116996 |
| drug resistant tuberculosis among the homeless in new york city. | the purpose of this study was to compare the frequency of infections due to drug resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis between homeless and nonhomeless populations in an urban community hospital. we retrospectively examined the mycobacteriology registry of this hospital for culture-proven, susceptibility-tested cases of m tuberculosis disease from 1982 to 1987. clinical records were analyzed for age, ethnicity, sex, residence, and history of alcoholism, intravenous drug abuse, acquired immunodefi ... | 1990 | 2117263 |
| nucleotide sequence of htpb, the legionella pneumophila gene encoding the 58-kilodalton (kda) common antigen, formerly designated the 60-kda common antigen. | gene htpb, which encodes the 58-kilodalton protein of legionella pneumophila, was cloned in escherichia coli and its complete nucleotide sequence was determined. analysis of this sequence revealed an open reading frame of 1,644 nucleotides encoding a protein with a predicted molecular mass of 57,952 daltons. data obtained by amino-terminal sequencing of the purified 58-kilodalton protein agreed, except for one amino acid residue, with the predicted amino acid sequence, identifying this open read ... | 1990 | 2117582 |
| [determination of antituberculous antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid by an immunoenzyme assay method in patients with tuberculous meningitis]. | possibilities of using enzyme immunoassay to identify specific antibodies to m. tuberculosis in the cerebrospinal fluid of 44 patients with tuberculous meningitis and 81 cases with other diseases of the central nervous system were analysed. the assay sensitivity and specificity in an active period of tuberculous meningitis made up 100 and 97.5%, respectively. the findings permit one to recommend the enzyme immunoassay for an early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis. | 1990 | 2117752 |
| [characteristics of bacterial excretion in conio-tuberculosis of the lungs]. | bacteriological examination of sputum smears of 42 patients with anthracotic tuberculosis divided according to the activity of a tuberculous process into 2 groups was undertaken. to achieve the growth of l-forms, sputum inoculation was done on shkolnikova's semiliquid culture medium. phase contrast microscopic examination of the sputum smears was carried out at 280 x magnification. as the pneumoconiotic process in patients with anthracotic pulmonary tuberculosis grows progressively worse, the ra ... | 1990 | 2117754 |
| [development of a culture medium for growing mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | the author suggests an idea of a wide testing of the improved culture media for m. tuberculosis with ph 7.1-7.3 and 6.5-6.7 and tentatively named as "stavropolskaya-1" and "stavropolskaya-2". while the former could be used instead of lowenstein-jensen medium, "stavropolskaya-2" could be recommended for the bacteriological examination of sputum processed with alkaline compounds and not having the sediment neutralized. the outcomes of testing these culture media are presented by the author. | 1990 | 2117755 |
| antituberculous drug resistance in central haiti. | to determine the prevalence of antituberculous drug resistance in haiti, we conducted a 1-yr survey in a central district. from a bacillary positive (smear and/or culture positive) case rate of 80/100,000, there were 282 patients from whom mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured. each isolate was packaged and delivered to canada where speciation and drug susceptibility testing were performed. reported resistances are those using the proportions method (laboratory center for disease control, otta ... | 1990 | 2117870 |
| detection of antituberculous activity in plant extracts. | ten of 408 ethanolic extracts of plants inhibited growth of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv at dilutions of 1 in 160 to 1280 and a high proportion of the other extracts inhibited growth at lower dilutions. some of the plants, after purification, may be therapeutically useful. in view of the environmental threat to many plant species, screening of such plants for potential therapeutic properties, including antituberculous and other antimicrobial activities, are urgently required before they are ... | 1990 | 2118130 |
| serodiagnosis of gut tuberculosis. | the efficacy of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in the diagnosis of gut tuberculosis was evaluated. the study included 95 patients with gut tuberculosis, 40 with pulmonary tuberculosis, 25 with non-tubercular intestinal diseases and 40 healthy controls. mantoux response and antibody titre against ppd using elisa were studied. the elisa sensitivity in gut tuberculosis was 80% and in pulmonary tuberculosis 90%. it was also positive in 12% of patients with non-tubercular intestinal diseas ... | 1990 | 2118133 |
| evidence that protein antigen b of mycobacterium tuberculosis is involved in phosphate metabolism. | protein antigen b (pab) of mycobacterium tuberculosis has previously attracted interest because of its immunological and diagnostic relevance. in this study we present evidence that pab possesses a signal sequence and is secreted from the cytoplasm of m. tuberculosis. the synthesis of pab is enhanced under phosphate starvation indicating that the protein is involved in phosphate metabolism in m. tuberculosis. | 1990 | 2118164 |
| value of an elisa for mycobacterial antigen detection as a routine diagnostic test of pulmonary tuberculosis. | a double antibody sandwich elisa was carried out with commercially available anti-bcg and peroxidase labeled anti-bcg, for the detection of mycobacterial antigens. by using purified protein derivative of tuberculin (ppd) as the antigen, the lowest detection limit of the assay was found to be 0.05 microgram/ml. at the cut off level of absorbance index (al) greater than or equal to 5. positive results of elisa were obtained from 24/25 sputum specimens which were positive for staining of acid fast ... | 1990 | 2118352 |
| peripheral lymph node tuberculosis: a review of 80 cases. | one hundred and ninety-two patients with peripheral lymphadenopathy were screened and 80 patients with tubercular lymphadenitis were studied. their ages ranged from 1 to 65 years; most were younger than 30 years and there was a slight female preponderance (1.2:1). seventy per cent of patients were of low socioeconomic status. of the 80 patients, 56 had affected cervical nodes, seven had inguinal nodes, five had axillary nodes and 12 had multiple sites of lymph node involvement. all had enlarged ... | 1990 | 2118407 |
| tuberculous lymphadenitis: correlation of cellular components and necrosis in lymph-node aspirate with a.f.b. positivity and bacillary count. | cytomorphologic features of tuberculous lymphadenitis cases as observed in lymph-node aspirates were analysed and correlated with afb positivity and bacillary count. cytologic features were categorized under three major groups, viz. epithelioid granuloma without necrosis, epithelioid granuloma with necrosis and necrosis without epithelioid granulomas. these three major groups showed a distinct trend in respect of their cellular constituents. while cases with appreciable lymphocytic and multinucl ... | 1990 | 2118481 |
| evaluation of direct microscopy as a screening test in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. | a 'false case' in reference to pulmonary tuberculosis is designated as one where, the primary smear shows presence of acid fast bacilli (afb). however, the subsequent cultural examination fails to grow the pathogen. the present study is directed to determine the incidence of false positivity and attempt its correlation with the number of bacilli in the primary smear, age of the patient and chemotherapy. of the 820 sputum samples processed, 14.63 percent revealed presence of bacilli both in smear ... | 1990 | 2118482 |
| isolation of mycobacterium tuberculosis and m. avium complex from the same skin lesions in aids. | | 1990 | 2118595 |
| [effect of low-energy helium-neon laser on the biological properties of mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | the results of experimental studies of m. tuberculosis biological properties tested in guinea pigs which were subjected to different doses of helium-neon laser radiation are given. the functional evidence is compared with the results of electron microscopic study of the irradiated culture. the investigation revealed that laser radiation caused changes in biological properties of m. tuberculosis. a decrease in growth properties and virulence was found to be related to a radiation dose. it is sugg ... | 1990 | 2118638 |
| [comparative evaluation of the significance of various criteria of virulence of mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | the results of different criteria analysis and their interrelation in evaluating m. tuberculosis virulence for guinea-pigs are shown. 6- and 12-week indices, as their infectivity, dissemination, splenic index and lifespan are studied. it was demonstrated that the virulence index correlated with the intensity of mycobacterium reproduction in the guinea-pig organs. the indices of virulence and dissemination are not correlated with the contaminating dose of mycobacteria as well as the animals' life ... | 1990 | 2118639 |
| [partial resection of the lungs in patients with newly detected destructive tuberculosis]. | the efficacy of partial pneumonectomies in 700 patients with newly-diagnosed destructive tuberculosis preceded by an ineffective antibacterial therapy for 3-15 months was studied. operations were performed in 411 (58.8%) patients with fibrocavernous tuberculosis, in 173 (24.7%) with cavernous tuberculosis, in 10 (1.4%) with disseminated tuberculosis and cavitation, and in 106 (15.1%) with tuberculoma. segmental resections were carried out in 214 (30.6%) cases, lobectomies in 309 (44.1%), and com ... | 1990 | 2118643 |
| [results of polychemotherapy in patients with newly detected destructive pulmonary tuberculosis]. | the results of treatment of 224 patients with newly-diagnosed destructive pulmonary tuberculosis were analysed. these patients were divided into 4 groups in relation to the pathologic nature and chemotherapeutic regimen. the most effective results were produced in case of a simultaneous administration of 4 arrtituberculosis drugs irrespective of the pathologic nature. under the above regimen, cessation of bacteria excretion and curing of cavities occurred in a shorter period of time, and for dis ... | 1990 | 2118644 |
| [a new method of b-cell rosette-forming reaction]. | to increase the effectiveness of diagnosing tuberculosis, a new procedure of defining b-rosette forming lymphocytes is proposed. a commercially available product, i.e. dry erythrocytic tuberculous phosphatidic diagnosticum produced by the leningrad vaccine and serum research institute and meant for serologic examinations and antiphosphatidic antibody detection, was used in the above reaction for the first time. the following groups were selected for the examination: 51 patients with female genit ... | 1990 | 2118645 |
| [characteristics of the clinical course of lower-lobe infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis]. | | 1990 | 2118646 |
| [characteristics of qualitative changes in the mycobacteria population during the treatment of middle-aged and elderly patients with newly detected pulmonary tuberculosis]. | clinicobacteriological investigations were applied to 142 new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis at the age of 60 to 89 years. the control group consisted of 132 patients of young and middle ages (from 17 to 40 years). the form of the process, its extent and the character of the destructions in them were the same as those in the elderly and senile patients. it was shown that the pathogen bacterial forms in the elderly and senile patients were much more frequent than l-forms of m. tuberculosis (67.6 ... | 1990 | 2118647 |
| [antimycobacterial acting 2-hydroxyquinolizin-4-ones]. | reaction of ethyl 2-pyridyl acetates and activated malonates (magic malonates) leads to 1-ethoxycarbonyl-2-hydroxy-quinolizin-4-ones, which yield the corresponding c-1 unsubstituted derivatives by hydrolysis and decarboxylation. these compounds are catalytically hydrogenated to afford the corresponding tetrahydro derivatives. significant inhibitory effects on mycobacterium tuberculosis h 37 ra are shown, a structure-activity relationship is discussed. | 1990 | 2118754 |
| studies on the homing of mycobacterium-sensitized t lymphocytes to the synovium during passive adjuvant arthritis. | the migration of intravenously administered adjuvant sensitized t lymphocytes to the knee synovium of recipient rats undergoing passive adjuvant arthritis has been followed. using fluorescein isothiocyanate (fitc)-labeled adjuvant-sensitized t cells and anticollagen igg, the present studies demonstrate the presence of fluorescent cells in the inflamed knee synovium of recipient rats undergoing passive arthritis. proliferation studies indicate that synovial cells from these rats respond to mycoba ... | 1990 | 2118831 |
| ornithine lipid of mycobacterium tuberculosis: its distribution in some slow- and fast-growing mycobacteria. | an ornithine-amide lipid is present in mycobacterium tuberculosis. its structure was established by a combination of chemical analysis and mass spectrometry. 3-hydroxyoctadecanoic and 3-hydroxyeicosanoic acids (and homologues) were found to be linked through an amide bond to the alpha-amino group of l-ornithine, the hydroxyl group of the fatty acid being esterified mainly by tuberculostearic acid (10-methyloctadecanoic acid). this ornithine-amide lipid was detected in several other slow-growing ... | 1990 | 2118941 |
| nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the 35-kda protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a 35-kilodalton (kda) protein of mycobacterium tuberculosis is expressed by recombinant escherichia coli which possess a plasmid that contains a 2.4-kilobase fragment of m. tuberculosis chromosomal dna. the nucleotide sequence of this fragment was determined by the dideoxynucleotide chain-termination method. analysis of the sequence revealed four open reading frames that could encode proteins greater than 250 amino acids in length. the reading frame for the 35-kda protein was identified by subcl ... | 1990 | 2119046 |
| [identification of mycobacteria under routine clinical conditions]. | a simplified system for identification of mycobacteria in routine is presented and discussed. by this way costs for staff and material can be reduced. | 1990 | 2119090 |
| intracellular bactericidal activity of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin against mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv multiplying in the j-774 macrophage cell line. | among new fluoroquinolone derivatives, the n-cyclopropylanalogs ciprofloxacin (cipro) and ofloxacin (oflo) have recently been found to have a high in vitro activity against a variety of mycobacteria (2). in this study, we have investigated their action against intracellularly growing mycobacterium tuberculosis. for this purpose, the j-774 macrophage cell line was infected with the h37rv type strain of m. tuberculosis, and drugs (at their serum level concentrations obtainable in healthy individua ... | 1990 | 2119180 |
| igg and igm antibodies immunoreacting with a 2,3-diacyl trehalose-2'-sulphate in sera from leprosy patients. | the distribution of igg and igm antibodies immunoreacting with the sulpholipid i (sli) and sulpholipid iv (sliv) of mycobacterium tuberculosis was examined in sera from leprosy patients. it was found that the immunological reactions correlated with the clinical spectrum of leprosy; and in multibacillary patients, antibody titres declined in response to successful treatment. the serological patterns were similar to the pgl i patterns, however, the igg responses towards the sulpholipids were predo ... | 1990 | 2119181 |
| an elisa for the serodiagnosis of tuberculosis using a 30,000-da native antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | an elisa was established for the measurement of igg antibody in human serum to the 30,000-da native antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis and evaluated for its utility in the diagnosis of tuberculosis at the instituto nacional de enfermedades respiratorias in mexico city. the test had a sensitivity of 70% in patients with sputum-positive active pulmonary tuberculosis and a specificity in control subjects of 100%. the accuracy of positive prediction was 100% and of negative prediction 93% for pat ... | 1990 | 2119403 |
| report of the indo-european community joint symposium "leprosy and other mycobacterial diseases," lonavla, india, 6-9 november 1989. | | 1990 | 2119411 |
| a comparative study on the activation of j-774 macrophage-like cells by gamma-interferon, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin d3 and lipopeptide rp-56142: ability to kill intracellularly multiplying mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium avium. | the j-774 macrophage-like cell line has been established as a model for intracellular multiplication of pathogenic mycobacteria, permitting assessment of the intracellular bactericidal action of the macrophages after addition of both the drugs and immunomodulators. in this study, the action of immunomodulators was investigated. significant morphological changes were demonstrated under the optical and scanning electron microscope (sem), and the degree of macrophage activation was also measured by ... | 1990 | 2119591 |
| congenital tuberculosis--report of an autopsy case. | an autopsy case of congenital tuberculosis is described in a 41-day-old female infant who was born to a mother having active pulmonary tuberculosis. the primary complex was seen in the liver and portal lymph nodes, and there was a generalized miliary dissemination including lung, liver, spleen, pancreas, adrenals, thyroid, thymus, kidneys, brain, and bowel. the organism was confirmed to be mycobacterium tuberculosis. the tubercles were histopathologically of various chronicity and characterized ... | 1990 | 2119623 |
| segmental tuberculosis of the colon diagnosed by colonoscopy. | we describe the case of a woman with rectorrhagia and rectal tenesmus. colonoscopy revealed a 3-4 cm-long ulcerated lesion with a reduced colon lumen 35 cm from the anus, and multiple biopsies were obtained from the ulcerated region, but histopathology was non-specific. biopsy culture was positive for m. tuberculosis. anti-tuberculous chemotherapy was initiated on the diagnosis of segmental tuberculosis of the colon. subsequent evolution was favorable, both clinically and endoscopically. emphasi ... | 1990 | 2120030 |
| genetic influences on the immune repertoire following tuberculous infection in mice. | differences in the antibody repertoire between b10 and balb background strains have been found following intraperitoneal infection of mice with mycobacterium tuberculosis. western blot analysis showed that b10 sera reacted with only a few antigenic bands, whereas balb sera reacted with multiple bands, irrespective of the h-2 (b or k) haplotype. the oligo-banded pattern was a feature of live infection, since immunization with the mycobacterial extract in incomplete freunds' adjuvant (ifa) produce ... | 1990 | 2120127 |
| in-vitro activity of ofloxacin against mycobacterium tuberculosis and its clinical efficacy in multiply resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. | the in-vitro susceptibilities to ofloxacin of 159 clinical sputum isolates of mycobacterium tuberculosis, comprising 95 isolates sensitive to all drugs, 31 isolates resistant to streptomycin or isoniazid or both, 27 isolates resistant to streptomycin, isoniazid and rifampicin and six isolates resistant to rifampicin (and in three cases to other drugs) were determined. favourable mics of ofloxacin (0.63-1.25 mg/l) were demonstrated for 147 isolates (92%). twenty-two patients with resistant strain ... | 1990 | 2120177 |
| more on glutaraldehyde and tuberculocidal activity. | | 1990 | 2120325 |
| suppression of adjuvant arthritis in lewis rats by oral administration of type ii collagen. | adjuvant arthritis is induced by intradermal injection of mycobacterium tuberculosis (mt) in oil. the role of immunity to type ii collagen (cii) in adjuvant arthritis (aa) has not been well defined. we found that oral administration of chicken cii given 3 micrograms per feeding on days -7, -5, and -2 before disease induction consistently suppressed the development of aa. a decrease in delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to cii was also observed that correlated with suppression of aa. aa was ... | 1990 | 2120332 |
| intrathecal synthesis of anti-mycobacterial antibodies in patients with tuberculous meningitis. an immunoblotting study. | cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and serum samples from eight patients with bacteriologically proven (6) or clinically suspected (2) tuberculous meningitis were tested for the presence of anti-mycobacterial igg antibodies by an affinity-mediated immunoblot technique. this technique is based on agarose gel isoelectric focusing of paired csf and serum samples diluted to the same igg concentration, and transfer of the specific igg antibodies onto mycobacterial antigen-loaded nitrocellulose sheets. an intr ... | 1990 | 2120390 |
| [immunoreactivity of pulmonary tuberculosis patients to tuberculous antigens purified by affinity columns coupled with monoclonal antibodies directed to mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | immunoaffinity-purified antigens (mab-ags) of mycobacterium tuberculosis, which has been obtained in a previous study by use of anti-m. tuberculosis monoclonal antibodies and designated mta 2a (24 kd), mta 6a (19 kd) and mta 8a (19 kd), were examined for their antigenicity by determining the responsiveness to these antigens of pulmonary tuberculosis (tb) patients and non-tuberculous controls. serum anti-mab-ags elisa antibody levels in tb patients were significantly higher than those in non-tube ... | 1990 | 2120503 |
| [molecular cloning and expression of mycobacterium tuberculosis aoyama b peptide antigen genes in escherichia coli--a gene encoding 60 kd antigen (at201) and immunological activity of recombinant peptides (15 and 60 kd)]. | to obtain recombinant peptides related to ppds, we constructed a genomic library from the dna of mycobacterium tuberculosis aoyama b, a standard strain in japan to manufacture ppds, using plasmid vectors puc18 series. seven clones reacting the anti-ppds-rabbit-serum on immunoblotting were obtained, and restriction map was analysed. a nucleotide sequence and a putative open reading frame (orf) of pat01, encoding 15kd peptide, as well as the mode of expression was reported previously). in this stu ... | 1990 | 2120504 |
| [determination of anti-mycobacteria antibody titers by elisa for the early diagnosis of tuberculosis]. | determination of anti-mycobacteria antibody titers by elisa for the early diagnosis of tuberculosis was critically reviewed from methodological point of view. especially, the method of data-handling to calculate the antibody titers from optical density values obtained by elisa and also the method to evaluate the clinical usefulness of this test were reassessed. determination of anti-mycobacteria antibody titer by elisa is highly sensitive and satisfactorily specific, and far more useful than, or ... | 1990 | 2120505 |
| nosocomial transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis to health-care workers and hiv-infected patients in an urban hospital--florida. | | 1990 | 2120566 |
| rapid diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis by polymerase chain reaction (pcr). | using a rapid and highly sensitive method for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis by polymerase chain reaction (pcr), we detected the mycobacterium tuberculosis genome in csf of 5 of 6 patients with clinically diagnosed tuberculous meningitis. the genome was not present in csf from 10 patients with other types of meningitis and 10 normal controls. | 1990 | 2120615 |
| [detection of tuberculosis bacilli]. | | 1990 | 2120790 |
| in vitro activities against mycobacteria of two long-acting rifamycins, fce22807 and cgp40/469a (spa-s-565). | the in vitro activities of two new long-acting rifamycins, fce22807 a derivative of fce22250, and cgp40/469a (spa-s-565) were studied. when compared with rifampicin, the minimal inhibitory concentrations (mic) against mycobacterium tuberculosis of both were 4 times lower but neither was particularly active against rifampicin-resistant strains of m. tuberculosis nor against m. avium-intracellulare-scrofulaceum complex strains. a drug is likely to be particularly effective in widely spaced intermi ... | 1990 | 2120827 |
| a case of resistant tuberculosis. | we report a case of multiple drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, in which treatment with two second line chemotherapy regimens was inadequate. despite in-vitro sensitivity to ciprofloxacin the patient remained sputum positive with mycobacterium tuberculosis after 11 months. | 1990 | 2120828 |
| natural killer cell activity in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and in healthy controls. | natural killer (nk) cell activity of freshly isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (mnc) or cells stimulated for 72 h with 10 micrograms/ml of a sonicate antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis h37rv were studied in healthy responder and non-responder controls, as detected by lymphocyte proliferation with specific antigen, and in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. k-652 cells were used as targets in a 4 h 51cr release assay. mnc from patients exhibited a significant decrease in nk functio ... | 1990 | 2120829 |
| delayed diagnosis of tuberculosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | to determine the frequency with which the diagnosis of tuberculosis is delayed in patients with concomitant human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection, and to identify reasons for such delays. | 1990 | 2121030 |
| esophagobronchial fistula and mediastinal tuberculosis. | a 59-year-old man was seen with what preoperatively was thought to be an acquired esophagobronchial fistula secondary to an old burned-out infection with tuberculosis. at operation the gross and microscopic findings were most compatible with a congenital h-shaped esophagobronchial fistula. however, cultures of calcified lymph nodes grew mycobacterium tuberculosis. the need for culturing calcified tissue to assure proper treatment is emphasized. | 1990 | 2121111 |
| human immunodeficiency virus infection among homeless men in a new york city shelter. association with mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) seroprevalence among a selected sample of 169 high-risk homeless men residing in a congregate shelter in new york city, ny, was 62%. seropositivity for hiv correlated significantly with intravenous drug use (odds ratio, 3.3; 95% confidence interval, 1.4 to 4.4) and active tuberculosis (odds ratio, 7.0; 95% confidence interval, 3.4 to 13.5). most cases of active tuberculosis were among homeless men with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) or aids-relat ... | 1990 | 2121112 |
| clinical spectrum of endobronchial tuberculosis in elderly patients. | we describe 11 elderly patients with bacteriologically proved endobronchial tuberculosis, representing 15% of our 73 geriatric patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in the period 1980 to 1987. in seven (64%) of the 11 patients, an incorrect diagnosis was initially made. cough, mostly nonproductive, was invariably present, and general symptoms (fever, anorexia, weight loss) predominated over specific pulmonary symptoms. the radiographic features were rather "unusual": in only two (18%) of the 11 c ... | 1990 | 2121113 |
| [isolation of m. tuberculosis in abdominal specimens]. | the isolation of mycobacteria in abdominal specimens during a 10 years period is presented. twenty-three clinical cases have been reviewed; patients were divided in three groups: 1) peritoneal and intestinal tuberculosis. 2) pulmonary tuberculosis with isolation of m. tuberculosis in feces, and 3) miliary tuberculosis. we emphasize the low yielding of bacilloscopy, the low number of colonies in cultures and the importance of the microbiological study of abdominal specimens in the confirmatory di ... | 1990 | 2121194 |
| capacity to produce interleukin 2 is impaired in haemophilia in the absence and presence of hiv 1 infection. | capacity to produce interleukin-2 (il-2) was measured in haemophiliacs from a well-defined treated cohort. patients were selected on the basis of hiv-1 antibody status, mean annual dose of clotting factor and liver disease severity. t-cell subsets and peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation to mycobacterium tuberculosis purified protein derivative (ppd) were also measured. haemophiliacs had reduced il-2 production, independent of hiv-1 antibody status, mean annual dose of clotting factor ... | 1990 | 2121264 |
| [diagnosis of tuberculosis]. | | 1990 | 2121454 |
| polymerase chain reaction for detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis. | a polymerase chain reaction for the specific detection of mycobacteria belonging to the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex was developed. using a single primer pair derived from the nucleotide sequence of protein antigen b of m. tuberculosis, we achieved specific amplification of a 419-base-pair dna fragment in m. tuberculosis and m. bovis. after dna was extracted from mycobacteria by using a simple, safe lysis procedure, we detected the 419-base-pair sequence in samples containing few mycobacte ... | 1990 | 2121782 |
| efficacies of selected disinfectants against mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the activities of 10 formulations as mycobactericidal agents in mycobacterium tuberculosis-contaminated suspensions (suspension test) and stainless steel surfaces (carrier test) were investigated with sputum as the organic load. the quaternary ammonium compound, chlorhexidine gluconate, and an iodophor were ineffective in all tests. ethanol (70%) was effective against m. tuberculosis only in suspension in the absence of sputum. povidone-iodine was not as efficacious when the test organism was dr ... | 1990 | 2121783 |
| detection and identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis by dna amplification. | the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to identify mycobacterial dna sequences in uncultured clinical specimens. two oligonucleotide primers derived from the sequence of a gene that codes for the 65-kilodalton antigen of mycobacterium tuberculosis amplified dna from all 11 species of mycobacteria tested. amplified dnas of nontuberculosis mycobacteria were found to be approximately 20 to 40 bases shorter than those from m. tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis bcg. dna equivalent to that pre ... | 1990 | 2121786 |
| diagnostic and therapeutic problems in a case of adrenal tuberculosis and acute addison's disease. | a case of adrenal tuberculosis with acute addison's disease is presented. the case showed diagnostic and therapeutic problems, the latter concerning the untoward effects due to metabolic interferences and pharmacologic interactions among antitubercular drugs, substitutive corticosteroid therapy and hepatic metabolism. the side-effects, interactions and metabolism of drugs used during the course of disease are discussed. | 1990 | 2121819 |
| direct blotting with viable cells of protein mixtures separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. | a procedure is described which combines the high resolution power of two-dimensional (2d) gel electrophoresis with the advantage of direct probing with viable cells. this device permits the transfer by electroelution of 480 distinct fractions from a 2d gel into soluble phase. transferred fractions are virtually nontoxic, thus allowing direct probing with viable cells. using this procedure it was shown that t cells from normal healthy individuals recognized a multitude of mycobacterium tuberculos ... | 1990 | 2121829 |
| [isolation of a strain of m. tuberculosis which is considered to be rifampicin-dependent, from a patient with long-lasted smear positive and culture difficult (spcd) mycobacteria]. | during the course of clinical examination of drug sensitivity tests for m. tuberculosis, a strain of m. tuberculosis which is considered to be rifampicin-dependent was isolated from a patient with persisting smear positive, culture negative (spcn) or culture difficult (spcd) mycobacteria status. the strain isolated produced a few tiny colonies on the control ogawa-egg yolk medium, whereas it showed abundant growth like a bacteria plaque on the medium containing rifampicin 50 micrograms/ml. furth ... | 1990 | 2122052 |
| bronchoscopic aspiration and bronchoalveolar lavage in the diagnosis of sputum smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis. | the ability to make a definitive diagnosis in sputum smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis by bronchoscopic aspiration, bronchoalveolar lavage (bal), and examination of postbronchoscopy sputum were compared. thirty-four patients with lesions on chest x-rays suspected of being pulmonary tuberculosis were entered into the study. the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was subsequently confirmed in 28 patients and the method of arriving at the final diagnosis was analyzed. a positive acid-fast baci ... | 1990 | 2122138 |
| bacteremia due to mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. a report of 9 cases and a review of the literature. | mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteremia is being reported more frequently in patients with human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (hiv-1) infection. we report 9 patients with bacteremia due to m. tuberculosis and hiv infection who were identified over a 36-month period. of the 9 patients studied, 8 were male, 8 were black, 6 were born in haiti, 3 were homeless, 2 were intravenous drug users, and 1 was homosexual. at the time of diagnosis, 3 patients had the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) ... | 1990 | 2122171 |
| [the course and outcome of tuberculous meningitis in cases of detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in the cerebrospinal fluid]. | the cases of m. tuberculosis detected in cerebrospinal fluid of the patients with tuberculous meningitis being under observation during 1968-1987, are analysed. the second decade (1978-1987) witnessed a greater percentage of m. tuberculosis found in the cerebrospinal fluid of the patients (including children, adolescents and adults). children and adolescents constituted the majority of the cases. m. tuberculosis agents were detected by means of bacterioscopy and inoculation in 33.3 and 66.7% of ... | 1990 | 2122442 |
| [identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis by the method of gas-liquid chromatography]. | gas-liquid chromatography was used to study the composition of fatty acids and hydrocarbons of different types of mycobacteria, including m. tuberculosis, opportunistic mycobacteria and acid-fast saprophytes. in terms of composition of fatty acids and hydrocarbons, clinical and laboratory strains of m. tuberculosis are very similar. the cellular higher fatty acids of m. tuberculosis differ much from those of opportunistic mycobacteria and acid-fast saprophytes. the findings can be used for the i ... | 1990 | 2122443 |
| [bronchial tuberculosis. report of 4 cases]. | four cases of bronchial tuberculosis are reported. the first case was revealed by signs of bronchitis; in the second patient m. tuberculosis was found at light microscopy but x-ray films of the chest were normal; the third patient presented with signs of bronchitis and upper lobe infiltration on fibrous sequelae; the fourth patient showed a pseudo-tumoral bronchial image. these cases and those of the literature show that clinical signs are usually those of bronchitis sometimes with the systemic ... | 1990 | 2122512 |
| geographic distribution of phage types among cultures of mycobacterium tuberculosis. ii. cultures from india and south africa. | mycobacterium tuberculosis cultures obtained from india and south africa were phage-typed to determine distribution patterns according to phage type in these two geographic locations. of the 74 indian strains, 14.9% were type 1, 32.4% were type 2, 28.4 were type 7, and 24.3% were type 8, whereas of the 78 south african strains, 20.5% were type 1, 47.5% were type 2, 1.3% were type 4, 11.5% were type 7, 19.2% were type 8. the phage types were then subdivided according to the lytic patterns produce ... | 1990 | 2122783 |
| [comparison of 2 culture media for the isolation of mycobacterium tuberculosis]. | in kinshasa, zaire, 392 positive cultures were used to compare the isolation of mycobacteria on two different culture media (löwenstein-jensen and ogawa (1%) with egg yolk). although the ogawa medium is reknown for being well adapted to the growth of atypical mycobacteria, we did not isolate more atypical mycobacteria from the tuberculous population of kinshasa on ogawa than were isolated in the previous years on löwenstein-jensen. however, significantly more m. tuberculosis were isolated on oga ... | 1990 | 2122820 |
| an outbreak of isoniazid resistant tuberculosis in glasgow 1981-1988. | an increase in the number of patients attending the victoria infirmary, glasgow with isoniazid resistant tuberculosis, prompted a survey of the incidence of the condition in glasgow. there was a clustering of cases among the homeless and/or alcoholic population of the city, particularly between the years 1982 and 1986. this suggests an outbreak of isoniazid resistance among that population, probably spread from a single, but unidentified source. | 1990 | 2123357 |
| [problems of chronic excreters in pulmonary tuberculosis]. | | 1990 | 2123419 |
| [rapid identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacteria with mycobacterium tuberculosis whole chromosomal dna probe]. | the dot-blots containing dna isolated from nonmycobacterial and mycobacterial microorganisms were hybridized with 32p-labeled m. tuberculosis whole chromosomal dna at the various temperatures. the probe did not cross-hybridize to dna of nonmycobacterial microorganisms (e. coli, plasmid puc19, nocardia asteriodes), nor with dna from all mycobacteria tested except m. bovis bcg under the higher temperature conditions. microorganisms could also be directly spotted and lysed on nitrocellulose filters ... | 1990 | 2123584 |
| [the immune status in experimental tuberculosis caused by altered forms of mycobacteria]. | the immune status of guinea pigs in infection caused by m. tuberculosis l-forms and ultrafine forms has been studied. during the development of the infectious process the suppression of cell-mediated immunity factors has been found to occur. the indices of specific immunity factors correlate with the isolation rate of m. tuberculosis bacterial forms from the organs of infected animals and with the degree of their lesions. a change in the level of antibody formation has been established. | 1990 | 2123596 |
| community-based short-course treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in a developing nation. initial report of an eight-month, largely intermittent regimen in a population with a high prevalence of drug resistance. | a community-based tuberculosis case-finding and short-course chemotherapy program was conducted in a suburb of manila and featured 1 month of daily isoniazid (inh), rifampin (rif), ethambutol (emb), and pyrazinamide (pza) followed by 7 months of twice-weekly, high dose, directly observed inh + emb + pza. church-affiliated lay workers obtained 1,990 sputum specimens from subjects who complained of chronic cough or wasting symptoms; 207 of the specimens were positive on ziehl-neelsen smears. on cu ... | 1990 | 2123613 |
| mycobacteria glycolipids as potential pathogenicity effectors: alteration of model and natural membranes. | four mycobacterial wall glycolipids were tested for their effects on phospholipidic liposome organization and passive permeability and on oxidative phosphorylation of isolated mitochondria. from fluorescence polarization of diphenylhexatriene performed on liposomes it was concluded that the two trehalose derivatives (dimycoloyltrehalose and polyphthienoyltrehalose) rigidified the fluid state of liposomes, the triglycosyl phenolphthiocerol slightly fluidized the gel state, while the peptidoglycol ... | 1990 | 2123718 |
| expression of mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium leprae proteins by vaccinia virus. | eight mycobacterium tuberculosis and m. leprae genes were inserted into the vaccinia virus genome by in vivo recombination. the resulting virus recombinants were shown to express five different m. tuberculosis proteins (71, 65, 35, 19, and 12 kda) and three m. leprae proteins (65 and 18 kda and a biotin-binding protein) by western immunoblot analysis, radioimmunoprecipitation, or black-plaque assay. when injected into balb/c mice, the recombinants expressing the m. tuberculosis 71-, 65-, or 35-k ... | 1990 | 2123833 |
| cloning and characterization of the aroa gene from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | the aroa gene from mycobacterium tuberculosis has been cloned by complementation of an aroa mutant of escherichia coli after lysogenization with a recombinant dna library in the lambda gt11 vector. detailed characterization of the m. tuberculosis aroa gene by nucleotide sequencing and by immunochemical analysis of the expressed product indicates that it encodes a 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase that is structurally related to analogous enzymes from other bacterial, fungal, and plant ... | 1990 | 2123856 |
| direct detection of mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical specimens by dna amplification. | a polymerase chain reaction assay was developed for the amplification of a 336-bp repetitive fragment in the chromosome of mycobacterium tuberculosis. the assay is specific for m. tuberculosis and can be used to detect the amount of dna present in less than 10 organisms. it was used to demonstrate m. tuberculosis dna in 14 of 26 clinical specimens (from cerebrospinal fluids, pleural fluid aspirates and biopsies, pericardial fluid aspirates, and an open lung biopsy), and it was shown to be at lea ... | 1990 | 2123884 |
| macrophage functions in tuberculosis. | | 1990 | 2123994 |
| modulation of t-cell response to ppd by monoclonal antibodies specific for 28, 35 and 65 kda mycobacterial antigens. | | 1990 | 2123995 |
| the 32 kda protein antigen of m. bovis b.c.g. and m. tuberculosis h37rv. | | 1990 | 2123996 |
| affinity purification, biological characterization and serological evaluation of defined antigens from mycobacterium tuberculosis. | nine mycobacterial antigens have been purified by affinity chromatography using monoclonal antibodies (m. abs) as immunosorbent. the importance of the individual antigens have been evaluated by different immunological methods. | 1990 | 2123997 |
| immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies. | | 1990 | 2123998 |
| immunodiagnosis in tuberculosis. | | 1990 | 2123999 |
| use of a radiometric technique for rapid sensitivity testing of mycobacteria in scotland: the first year's experience. | we report the first year's experience of the use of a radiometric technique for sensitivity testing of mycobacterial isolates in scotland. the techniques (using the bactec 460 instrument) was much quicker than conventional methods (for example the mean time to obtain results for 60 strains of m.tuberculosis was 14.4 days, compared with 44.9 days for conventional methods). there was good agreement between results obtained by the two methods. preliminary results also indicated the value of the rad ... | 1990 | 2124000 |
| encephalopathy in aids patients: evaluation with mr imaging. | the presence and extent of encephalopathy were evaluated in 47 patients with aids or aids-related complex (arc) by the use of mr imaging. twenty-nine (62%) of the patients showed some form of white matter disease, exhibited as high signal intensity on t2-weighted images. focal white matter lesions were seen in 23 (49%) of the patients, while a diffuse white matter process was observed in six patients (13%). of the 29 patients who had white matter disease on mr scans, 17 (36%) had a suggestion of ... | 1990 | 2124067 |
| what mediates the immunopathological component of the immune response to mycobacterium tuberculosis? can it be switched off? | | 1990 | 2124156 |
| drug resistance and tuberculosis elimination. | | 1990 | 2124157 |
| correlation between culture of mycobacterium tuberculosis and detection of mycobacterial antigens in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with tuberculous meningitis. | a retrospective study was done to correlate culture of mycobacterium tuberculosis and detection of mycobacterial antigen in cerebrospinal fluid (csf) by an inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). m. tuberculosis was cultured from csf of 14 out of 70 patients with a clinical diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (tbm). mycobacterial antigens were demonstrated in csf specimens by inhibition elisa in all 14 culture-positive patients with antigen concentrations of 14.5-295 ng/ml (mean 15 ... | 1990 | 2124269 |
| trace elements incorporated into the culture medium of mycobacterium tuberculosis promote the presence of tuberculoprotein c in the preparation of purified protein derivatives. | two purified protein derivatives (ppds) were prepared from mycobacterium tuberculosis, h37ra. one of the ppds was prepared from the culture filtrate of organisms grown on proskauer-beck medium to which trace elements had been added. the other ppd was prepared from the culture filtrate of organisms grown on the same medium but without trace elements, and was used as the control. comparative skin reactions in sensitized rabbits showed that the ppd prepared from organisms grown in the presence of t ... | 1990 | 2124326 |
| [phage typing of mycobacterium tuberculosis strains coming from nicaragua (preliminary report)]. | fifty nicaraguan strains of mycobacterium tuberculosis were classified with a scheme of 9 specific phages. a preliminary distribution of characteristic phagotypes of the area is reported, with prevalence of phagotype i (intermedial) (66%), presence of phagotype a (34%) and absence of the rest of the types. inclusions of phagotypes bo4 and f-o-wj within the classification scheme, as well as practical usefulness of the technique in studies directed to disease control, are valued. | 1990 | 2124368 |
| multidrug therapy for tuberculosis in children. | | 1990 | 2124671 |
| [the value and need for a diagnostic animal experiment within the framework of tuberculosis diagnosis]. | the comparison of the results of culture and animal test for finding of mycobacteria in selected specimens, obtained in two laboratories between 1981 and 1988 shows a superiority of the animal test. taking into account adequate literature recommendations are given as well for a possible improvement of culture methods as for the indication of animal tests. | 1990 | 2124761 |