| factors affecting growth and spore formation of bacillus stearothermophilus. | | 1960 | 16561856 |
| naphthoquinone intermediate in the respiration of bacillus stearothermophilus. | downey, r. j. (u.s. department of agriculture, washington, d.c.). naphthoquinone intermediate in the respiration of bacillus stearothermophilus. j. bacteriol. 84:953-960. 1962.-a vitamin k-like naphthoquinone has been isolated from bacillus stearothermophilus. the compound was susceptible to light (360 mmu) and can be extracted from electron-transport particles with organic solvents. the reduced diphosphopyridine nucleotide (dpnh) oxidase and dpnh-cytochrome c reductase activities in such partic ... | 1962 | 16561974 |
| thermocins of bacillus stearothermophilus. | | 1966 | 16562147 |
| nad(h) recycling activity of an engineered bifunctional enzyme galactose dehydrogenase/lactate dehydrogenase. | a chimeric bifunctional enzyme composing of galactose dehydrogenase (galdh; from pseudomonas fluorescens) and lactate dehydrogenase (ldh; from bacillus stearothermophilus) was successfully constructed. the chimeric galdh/ldh possessed dual characteristics of both galactose dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase activities while exhibiting hexameric rearrangement with a molecular weight of approximately 400 kda. in vitro observations showed that the chimeric enzyme was able to recycle nad with a ... | 2006 | 16585948 |
| harnessing asymmetrical substrate recognition by thermostable endov to achieve balanced linear amplification in multiplexed snp typing. | multiplexed amplification of specific dna sequences, by pcr or by strand-displacement amplification, is an intrinsically biased process. the relative abundance of amplified dna can be altered significantly from the original representation and, in extreme cases, allele dropout can occur. in this paper, we present a method of linear amplification of dna that relies on the cooperative, sequence-dependent functioning of the dna mismatch-repair enzyme endonuclease v (endov) from thermotoga maritima ( ... | 2006 | 16609704 |
| structural perturbations induced in linear and circular dna by the architectural protein hu from bacillus stearothermophilus. | hu is a small dna-binding protein of eubacteria that is believed to induce or stabilize bending of the double helix and mediate nucleoid compaction in vivo. although hu does not bind preferentially to specific dna sequences, it is known to have high affinity for dna sites containing structural anomalies, such as unpaired or mismatched bases, nicks, and four-way junctions. we have employed raman spectroscopy to further investigate the structural basis of hu-dna recognition in solution. experiment ... | 2006 | 16618125 |
| analysis of reduction of geobacillus stearothermophilus spores treated with high hydrostatic pressure and mild heat in milk buffer. | our unpublished experimental results of fractional factorial experiments showed that the significant external factors affecting high pressure processing (hpp) inactivation were pressure, temperature and pressure holding time. based on these results, response surface methodology (rsm) was employed in the present work and a quadratic equation for hpp inactivation was built. by analyzing the response surface plots and their corresponding contour plots as well as solving the quadratic equation, the ... | 2006 | 16621090 |
| the structure of an inverting gh43 beta-xylosidase from geobacillus stearothermophilus with its substrate reveals the role of the three catalytic residues. | beta-d-xylosidases are glycoside hydrolases that catalyze the release of xylose units from short xylooligosaccharides and are engaged in the final breakdown of plant cell-wall hemicellulose. here we describe the enzyme-substrate crystal structure of an inverting family 43 beta-xylosidase, from geobacillus stearothermophilus t-6 (xynb3). each xynb3 monomeric subunit is organized in two domains: an n-terminal five-bladed beta-propeller catalytic domain, and a beta-sandwich domain. the active site ... | 2006 | 16631196 |
| evaluation of a bacillus stearothermophilus tube test as a screening tool for anticoccidial residues in poultry. | a bacillus stearothermophilus var. calidolactis c953 tube test was evaluated for its ability in detecting the residue of selected anticoccidial drugs in poultry, specially sulfamethazine, furazolidone, and amprolium. various concentrations of each drug were injected into chicken liver and kidney tissues and these tissues were tested to determine the drug detection limits for each drug. the detection limit was defined as the drug concentration at which 95 % of the test results were interpreted as ... | 2006 | 16645344 |
| cloning and characterization of the hpr kinase/phosphorylase gene from bacillus stearothermophilus no. 236. | the bacillus stearothermophilus no. 236 gene encoding the bifunctional enzyme hprk/p, the key regulator of carbon catabolite repression/activation (ccr/cca) in most gram-positive bacteria, was cloned and the (his)(6)-tagged gene product was characterized in detail. the nucleotide sequence of the hprk/p gene corresponded to an open reading frame of 951 bp that encoded a polypeptide of 316 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular mass of 35,458 da. the deduced amino acid sequence of the b. ... | 2006 | 16717408 |
| cadmium ion biosorption by the thermophilic bacteria geobacillus stearothermophilus and g. thermocatenulatus. | this study reports surface complexation models (scms) for quantifying metal ion adsorption by thermophilic microorganisms. in initial cadmium ion toxicity tests, members of the genus geobacillus displayed the highest tolerance to cdcl2 (as high as 400 to 3,200 microm). the thermophilic, gram-positive bacteria geobacillus stearothermophilus and g. thermocatenulatus were selected for further electrophoretic mobility, potentiometric titration, and cd2+ adsorption experiments to characterize cd2+ co ... | 2006 | 16751511 |
| requirements and infection prophylaxis for internally cooled implant drills. | implant site preparation is crucially important to long-term success. heat generation during drilling is unfavourable, since bone is relatively susceptible to heat, depending on its vascularisation and microstructure. numerous factors such as drilling pressure, number of revolutions, drill design, wear and material, drilling depth and cooling influence heat generation. internally cooled drills are, therefore, increasingly used, even though the improved cooling effect compared to conventional ext ... | 2006 | 16783733 |
| synthesis and stereochemical assignment of dna spore photoproduct analogues. | investigation of the dna repair process performed by the spore photoproduct (sp) lyase repair enzyme is strongly hampered by the lack of defined substrates needed for detailed enzymatic studies. the problem is particularly severe because the repair enzyme belongs to the class of strongly oxygen-sensitive radical (s)-adenosylmethionine (sam) enzymes, which are notoriously difficult to handle. we report the synthesis of the spore photoproduct analogues 1 a and 1 b, which have open backbones and ar ... | 2006 | 16789031 |
| structure-based model of the stepping motor of pcra helicase. | dna helicases are ubiquitous molecular motors involved in cellular dna metabolism. they move along single-stranded dna (ssdna) and separate duplex dna into its component strands, utilizing the free energy from atp hydrolysis. the pcra helicase from bacillus stearothermophilus translocates as a monomer progressively from the 3' end to the 5' end of ssdna and is one of the smallest motor proteins structurally known in full atomic detail. using high-resolution crystal structures of the pcra-dna com ... | 2006 | 16815905 |
| identification of glutamate residues important for catalytic activity of bacillus stearothermophilus leucine aminopeptidase ii. | each of four conserved glutamate residues of bacillus stearothermophilus leucine aminopeptidase ii (bslapii) was replaced with aspartate, lysine, and leucine respectively by site-directed mutagenesis. the over-expressed wild-type and mutant enzymes were purified to homogeneity by nickel-chelate chromatography and the molecular mass of the subunit was determined to be 44.5 kda by sds-page. the specific activity for the glu-316 and glu-340 mutants was completely abolished, while glu-249 mutants sh ... | 2006 | 16820970 |
| antibodies to inactive conformations of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase inactivate the apo- and holoforms of the enzyme. | polyclonal antibodies produced after the immunization of a rabbit with glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gapdh) from bacillus stearothermophilus were used to isolate two types of antibodies interacting with different non-native forms of the antigen. type i antibodies were purified using sepharose-bound apo-gapdh that was treated with glutaraldehyde to stabilize the enzyme in the tetrameric form. type ii antibodies were isolated using immobilized denatured monomers of the enzyme. it was s ... | 2006 | 16827661 |
| characterization of a mutated geobacillus stearothermophilus l-arabinose isomerase that increases the production rate of d-tagatose. | characterization of a mutated geobacillus stearothermophilus l-arabinose isomerase used to increase the production rate of d-tagatose. | 2006 | 16834609 |
| sterilization of bacterial spores by using supercritical carbon dioxide and hydrogen peroxide. | it was hypothesized that supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-co(2)) treatment could serve as an alternative sterilization method at various temperatures (40-105 degrees c), co(2) pressures (200-680 atm), and treatment times (25 min to 6 h), and with or without the use of a passive additive (distilled water, dh(2)o) or an active additive (hydrogen peroxide, h(2)o(2)). while previous researchers have shown that sc-co(2) possesses antimicrobial properties, sterilization effectiveness has not been show ... | 2007 | 16838346 |
| functional flexibility of bacillus stearothermophilus formamidopyrimidine dna-glycosylase. | the formamidopyrimidine-dna glycosylase (fpg) recognizes and eliminates efficiently 8-oxoguanine, an abundant mutagenic dna lesion. the x-ray structure of the inactive e3q mutant of fpg from bacillus stearothermophilus, complexed to an 8-oxog-containing dna, revealed a small peptide (called the alphaf-beta10 loop) involved in the recognition of the lesion via an interaction with the protonated n(7) atom. this region, which is disordered in the x-ray models where an abasic site-containing dna is ... | 2006 | 16857432 |
| thermal unfolding process of dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase studied by fluorescence spectroscopy. | the thermal unfolding pathway for dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (lipdh) isolated from bacillus stearothermophilus was investigated focusing on the transient intermediate state characterized through time-resolved fluorescence studies. the decrease in ellipticity in the far uv region in the cd spectrum, the fluorescence spectral change of trp-91 and fad, and the thermal enzymatic inactivation curve consistently demonstrated that lipdh unfolded irreversibly on heat treatment at higher than 65 degr ... | 2006 | 16861247 |
| expression and characterization of the genes encoding azoreductases from bacillus subtilis and geobacillus stearothermophilus. | azoreductases have been characterized as enzymes that can decolorize azo dyes by reducing azo groups. in this study, genes encoding proteins having homology with the azoreductase gene of bacillus sp. oy1-2 were obtained from bacillus subtilis atcc6633, b. subtilis isw1214, and geobacillus stearotherophilus ifo13737 by polymerase chain reaction. all three genes encoded proteins with 174 amino acids. the deduced amino acid sequences of azoreductase homologs from b. subtilis isw1214, b. subtilis at ... | 2006 | 16861800 |
| evaluation of magnetic resonance for detection of bacterial contamination in low-acid, shelf-stable packaged soymilk. | this study evaluated magnetic resonance (mr) as a nondestructive method for detection of bacterial contamination in shelf-stable soymilk and cheese sauce. to accomplish this, individual 355-ml polymeric trays filled with soymilk and inoculated with bacillus stearothermophilus and bacillus subtilis (10(3) cfu) were incubated for up to 28 h at 55 degrees c and 62 h at 37 degrees c, respectively. mr relaxation times (t2) of these samples were then correlated with the bacterial growth as well as vis ... | 2006 | 16865902 |
| manual methods are suboptimal compared with automated methods for cleaning of single-use biopsy forceps. | most reusable biopsy forceps and all of the currently available single-use biopsy forceps do not have a port that allows fluid flow down the inner tubular shaft of the device. reusable biopsy forceps are widely used and reprocessed in healthcare facilities, and single-use biopsy forceps are reprocessed either in-house (eg, in canada and japan) or by third-party reprocessors (eg, in the united states). the objective of this study was to determine the cleaning efficacy of automated narrow-lumen so ... | 2006 | 16874645 |
| engineering a de novo internal disulfide bridge to improve the thermal stability of xylanase from bacillus stearothermophilus no. 236. | improvement of thermal stability of the bacillus stearthermophilus no. 236 endo-beta-1,4-xylanase (xyna) was tried by engineering a de novo designed disulfide bridge. disulfide design was performed firstly using the disulfide bond design program (disulfide by designtrade mark) to identify residue pairs having the favorable geometric characteristics for disulfide formation. subsequently, the selected 25 amino acid pairs were filtered with the evolutionarily conserved cys residues identified by al ... | 2007 | 16919348 |
| in vivo and in vitro evaluation of the efficacy of a peracetic acid-based disinfectant for decontamination of acrylic resins. | the purpose of this study was to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of a peracetic acid-based disinfectant for decontamination of heat-polymerized, chemically activated and microwave-polymerized acrylic resins. resin plates were contaminated in vivo upon intraoral use by 10 volunteers for 7 nights and slabs were contaminated in vitro by contact with bacillus subtilis and bacillus stearothermophilus. the contaminated acrylic resin specimens were immersed in a 0.2% peracetic acid-based disinfectant ... | 2006 | 16924337 |
| a novel synthetic mammalian promoter derived from an internal ribosome entry site. | introduction of specific mutations into a synthetic internal ribosome entry site (ires(gtx)) derived from the gtx homeodomain protein revealed additional transcriptional activity. this novel synthetic p(gtx) promoter exhibited consensus core promoter modules such as the initiator (inr) and the partial downstream promoter elements (dpe) and mediated high-level expression of a variety of transgenes including the human vascular endothelial growth factor 121 (vegf(121)), the human placental secreted ... | 2006 | 16924671 |
| production and characterization of thermostable alpha-amylase by thermophilic geobacillus stearothermophilus. | studies on the alpha-amylase-producing thermophilic bacterium isolated and identified from a hot spring in jordan and designated as geobacillus stearothermophilus jt2 were carried out. the optimum conditions for growth and enzyme production were ph 7 and 55 degrees c. the study of the kinetics of cellular growth indicated a mu(max) of 0.22/h, a k(s) of 1.2 g/l, a tau(d) of 3.15 h and a y(x/s) of 0.43 g cell/g starch. in addition, the activation energy for growth and death were estimated and foun ... | 2006 | 16927263 |
| internal contamination of air-driven low-speed handpieces and attached prophy angles. | in an in vitro crossover study, the authors investigated whether the interior of low-speed handpiece/prophy-angle systems becomes contaminated during operation and submersion into geobacillus stearothermophilus. | 2006 | 16946433 |
| computational studies of tryptophanyl-trna synthetase: activation of atp by induced-fit. | catalysis of amino acid activation by bacillus stearothermophilus tryptophanyl-trna synthetase involves three allosteric states: (1) open; (2) closed pre-transition state (prets); and (3) closed products (product). the interconversions of these states entail significant domain motions driven by ligand binding. we explore the application of molecular dynamics simulations to investigate ligand-linked conformational stability changes associated with this catalytic cycle. multiple molecular dynamics ... | 2006 | 16949606 |
| computational analysis of the mode of binding of 8-oxoguanine to formamidopyrimidine-dna glycosylase. | 8-oxoguanine (8og) is the most prevalent form of oxidative dna damage. in bacteria, 8og is excised by formamidopyrimidine glycosylase (fpg) as the initial step in base excision repair. to efficiently excise this lesion, fpg must discriminate between 8og and an excess of guanine in duplex dna. in this study, we explore the structural basis underlying this high degree of selectivity. two structures have been reported in which fpg is bound to dna, differing with respect to the position of the lesio ... | 2006 | 16953574 |
| adenoviral vector platform for transduction of constitutive and regulated tricistronic or triple-transcript transgene expression in mammalian cells and microtissues. | adenoviral particles can efficiently transduce a broad spectrum of cell types, so they are widely used in basic research and clinical trials. | 2006 | 16960915 |
| new insights into the glycosylation of the surface layer protein sgse from geobacillus stearothermophilus nrs 2004/3a. | the surface of geobacillus stearothermophilus nrs 2004/3a cells is covered by an oblique surface layer (s-layer) composed of glycoprotein subunits. to this s-layer glycoprotein, elongated glycan chains are attached that are composed of [-->2)-alpha-l-rhap-(1-->3)-beta-l-rhap-(1-->2)-alpha-l-rhap-(1-->] repeating units, with a 2-o-methyl modification of the terminal trisaccharide at the nonreducing end of the glycan chain and a core saccharide as linker to the s-layer protein. on sodium dodecyl s ... | 2006 | 16963578 |
| characterization of a new thermophilic spore photoproduct lyase from geobacillus stearothermophilus (splg) with defined lesion containing dna substrates. | the geobacillus stearothermophilus splg gene encodes a thermophilic spore photoproduct lyase (splg) that belongs to the family of radical s-adenosylmethionine (adomet) enzymes. the aerobically purified apo-splg forms a homodimer, which contains one [4fe-4s] cluster per monomer unit after reconstitution to the holoform. formation of the [4fe-4s] cluster was proven by quantification of the amount of iron and sulfur per homodimer and by uv and epr spectroscopy. the uv spectrum features a characteri ... | 2006 | 16968710 |
| antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extracts and compounds from vismia laurentii de wild (guttiferae). | methanolic extracts prepared from the leaves, twigs and the roots of vismia laurentii de wild as well as nine compounds isolated from these crude extracts, were tested for their antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria (six species), gram-negative bacteria (12 species) and two candida species using disc diffusion and well micro-dilution methods. the disc diffusion assay indicated that the crude extract was active against all the pathogens tested, whereas isolated compounds showed se ... | 2007 | 16971076 |
| monomeric solution structure of the helicase-binding domain of escherichia coli dnag primase. | dnag is the primase that lays down rna primers on single-stranded dna during bacterial dna replication. the solution structure of the dnab-helicase-binding c-terminal domain of escherichia coli dnag was determined by nmr spectroscopy at near-neutral ph. the structure is a rare fold that, besides occurring in dnag c-terminal domains, has been described only for the n-terminal domain of dnab. the c-terminal helix hairpin present in the dnag c-terminal domain, however, is either less stable or abse ... | 2006 | 17010164 |
| destruction of spores on building decontamination residue in a commercial autoclave. | the u.s. environmental protection agency conducted an experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of a commercial autoclave for treating simulated building decontamination residue (bdr). the bdr was intended to simulate porous materials removed from a building deliberately contaminated with biological agents such as bacillus anthracis (anthrax) in a terrorist attack. the purpose of the tests was to assess whether the standard operating procedure for a commercial autoclave provided sufficiently robu ... | 2006 | 17012597 |
| [bacterial dna alteration by plasma generated atomic nitrogen. real-time pcr detection contribution]. | bacterial sterilization by the technology of plasma in post-discharge shows a growing interest. the main appeal of this new process resides in its action at dry and low temperature (60 degrees c). this technology would be therefore useful for the complex medical equipment, sensitive to the oxidization, humidity and/or requiring a temperature lower than 60 degrees c. the objective of this survey is to demonstrate the activity of an atomic flux emanating a plasma of pure molecular nitrogen on the ... | 2006 | 17027193 |
| stability of the 'l12 stalk' in ribosomes from mesophilic and (hyper)thermophilic archaea and bacteria. | the ribosomal stalk complex, consisting of one molecule of l10 and four or six molecules of l12, is attached to 23s rrna via protein l10. this complex forms the so-called 'l12 stalk' on the 50s ribosomal subunit. ribosomal protein l11 binds to the same region of 23s rrna and is located at the base of the 'l12 stalk'. the 'l12 stalk' plays a key role in the interaction of the ribosome with translation factors. in this study stalk complexes from mesophilic and (hyper)thermophilic species of the ar ... | 2006 | 17053098 |
| post-transcriptional regulation of the xyna expression by a novel mrna binding protein, xaif. | xaif, a novel 32kda protein encoded by the orf located in the immediate downstream of the xyna gene of bacillus stearothermophilus no. 236, was identified to be the xylanase-specific trans-activator. in this study, the positive effect of xaif was confirmed to be xylanase-specific, and the results from northern blot and in vitro transcription assays showed that the xaif increased the xyna transcripts at post-transcriptional step. moreover, analysis of the mrna decay rate led to the assertion that ... | 2006 | 17055461 |
| a cold-active and thermostable alcohol dehydrogenase of a psychrotorelant from antarctic seawater, flavobacterium frigidimaris kuc-1. | an nad(+)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase of a psychrotorelant from antarctic seawater, flavobacterium frigidimaris kuc-1 was purified to homogeneity with an overall yield of about 20% and characterized enzymologically. the enzyme has an apparent molecular weight of 160k and consists of four identical subunits with a molecular weight of 40k. the pi value of the enzyme and its optimum ph for the oxidation reaction were determined to be 6.7 and 7.0, respectively. the enzyme contains 2 gram-atoms z ... | 2007 | 17072683 |
| the smr gene resides on a novel plasmid psp187 identified in a staphylococcus pasteuri isolate recovered from unpasteurized milk. | this work describes a novel plasmid psp187 (5550 bp) carrying the small multidrug resistance determinant smr encoding resistance to quaternary ammonium compounds (qacs). psp187 was identified in a staphylococcus pasteuri isolate recovered from bulk milk in a dairy cattle herd in norway. sequence analysis revealed 6 putative orfs in addition to the smr gene within a cassette with identical genetic organization to that found in the psk41-like staphylococcus aureus plasmid ptz22. a protein homology ... | 2007 | 17074390 |
| [effects on performance of high-speed dental handpieces subjected to autoclaving]. | to investigate the effects on performances of high-speed dental handpieces subjected to autoclaving. | 2006 | 17097010 |
| crystal structure and ligand binding properties of the truncated hemoglobin from geobacillus stearothermophilus. | a novel truncated hemoglobin has been identified in the thermophilic bacterium geobacillus stearothermophilus (gs-trhb). the protein has been expressed in escherichia coli, the 3d crystal structure (at 1.5 angstroms resolution) and the ligand binding properties have been determined. the distal heme pocket displays an array of hydrogen bonding donors to the iron-bound ligands, including tyr-b10 on one side of the heme pocket and trp-g8 indole nitrogen on the opposite side. at variance with the hi ... | 2007 | 17126283 |
| characterization of a bifunctional aminoacylase/carboxypeptidase from radioresistant bacterium deinococcus radiodurans r1. | the gene encoding a deinococcus radiodurans r1 bifunctional aminoacylase/carboxypeptidase (dr_acy/cp) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction and cloned into pqe-30 to generate pqe-drac. the cloned gene consists of an open reading frame of 1197 bp encoding a protein with a molecular mass of 42,729 da. the predicted amino acid sequence shows high homology with those of geobacillus kaustophilus aminoacylase, geobacillus stearothermophilus aminoacylase, pyrococcus horikoshii carboxypeptidase/ami ... | 2007 | 17129628 |
| a two-component system regulates the expression of an abc transporter for xylo-oligosaccharides in geobacillus stearothermophilus. | geobacillus stearothermophilus t-6 utilizes an extensive and highly regulated hemicellulolytic system. the genes comprising the xylanolytic system are clustered in a 39.7-kb chromosomal segment. this segment contains a 6-kb transcriptional unit (xyndcefg) coding for a potential two-component system (xyndc) and an atp-binding cassette (abc) transport system (xynefg). the xynd promoter region contains a 16-bp inverted repeat resembling the operator site for the xylose repressor, xylr. xylr was fou ... | 2007 | 17142383 |
| structural insights into the mechanism of the plp synthase holoenzyme from thermotoga maritima. | pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (plp) is the biologically active form of vitamin b6 and is an important cofactor for several of the enzymes involved in the metabolism of amine-containing natural products such as amino acids and amino sugars. the plp synthase holoenzyme consists of two subunits: yaad catalyzes the condensation of ribulose 5-phosphate, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, and ammonia, and yaae catalyzes the production of ammonia from glutamine. here we describe the structure of the plp synthase com ... | 2006 | 17144654 |
| distinct modes of recognition of the lipoyl domain as substrate by the e1 and e3 components of the pyruvate dehydrogenase multienzyme complex. | two-dimensional (15)n-heteronuclear single-quantum coherence (hsqc) nmr studies with a di-domain (lipoyl domain+ linker+ peripheral subunit-binding domain) of the dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase (e2) component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of bacillus stearothermophilus allowed a molecular comparison of the need for lipoic acid to be covalently attached to the lipoyl domain in order to undergo reductive acetylation by the pyruvate decarboxylase (e1) component, in contrast with the abilit ... | 2007 | 17157320 |
| the stability of engineered thermostable neutral proteases from bacillus stearothermophilus in organic solvents and detergents. | engineered extremely thermostable variants of the thermolysin-like protease from bacillus stearothermophilus possessing an introduced disulfide bond g8c/n60c (double mutant, dm) and six additional amino acid substitutions in the exposed loop region 56-69 (boilysin, bln) have been probed with respect to stability toward water-miscible organic solvents and detergents. the solvent concentrations where 50% of enzyme activity were irreversibly lost (c(50)) decreased in the order methanol > 2-propanol ... | 2007 | 17163509 |
| use of hydrogen peroxide vapor for deactivation of mycobacterium tuberculosis in a biological safety cabinet and a room. | mycobacterium tuberculosis is an important human pathogen that is routinely cultured in clinical and research laboratories. m. tuberculosis can contaminate surfaces and is highly resistant to disinfection. we investigated whether hydrogen peroxide vapor (hpv) is effective for the deactivation of m. tuberculosis on experimentally contaminated surfaces in a biological safety cabinet (bsc) and a room. biological indicators (bis) consisting of an approximately 3-log(10) inoculum of m. tuberculosis o ... | 2007 | 17166957 |
| the structural basis for the mutagenicity of o(6)-methyl-guanine lesions. | methylating agents are widespread environmental carcinogens that generate a broad spectrum of dna damage. methylation at the guanine o(6) position confers the greatest mutagenic and carcinogenic potential. dna polymerases insert cytosine and thymine with similar efficiency opposite o(6)-methyl-guanine (o6meg). we combined pre-steady-state kinetic analysis and a series of nine x-ray crystal structures to contrast the reaction pathways of accurate and mutagenic replication of o6meg in a high-fidel ... | 2006 | 17179038 |
| reengineering cca-adding enzymes to function as (u,g)- or dcdcda-adding enzymes or poly(c,a) and poly(u,g) polymerases. | cca-adding enzymes build and repair the 3'-terminal cca sequence of trna. these unusual rna polymerases use either a ribonucleoprotein template (class i) or pure protein template (class ii) to form mock base pairs with the watson-crick edges of incoming ctp and atp. guided by the class ii bacillus stearothermophilus cca-adding enzyme structure, we introduced mutations designed to reverse the polarity of hydrogen bonds between the nucleobases and protein template. we were able to transform the cc ... | 2007 | 17179213 |
| purification, crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of the bseci dna methyltransferase from bacillus stearothermophilus in complex with its cognate dna. | the dna methyltransferase m.bseci from bacillus stearothermophilus (ec 2.1.1.72), a 579-amino-acid enzyme, methylates the n6 atom of the 3' adenine in the sequence 5'-atcgat-3'. m.bseci was crystallized in complex with its cognate dna. the crystals were found to belong to the hexagonal space group p6, with unit-cell parameters a = b = 87.0, c = 156.1 a, beta = 120.0 degrees and one molecule in the asymmetric unit. two complete data sets were collected at wavelengths of 1.1 and 2.0 a to 2.5 and 2 ... | 2007 | 17183163 |
| the dtdp-4-dehydro-6-deoxyglucose reductase encoding fcd gene is part of the surface layer glycoprotein glycosylation gene cluster of geobacillus tepidamans gs5-97t. | the glycan chain of the s-layer protein of geobacillus tepidamans gs5-97(t) consists of disaccharide repeating units composed of l-rhamnose and d-fucose, the latter being a rare constituent of prokaryotic glycoconjugates. although biosynthesis of nucleotide-activated l-rhamnose is well established, d-fucose biosynthesis is less investigated. the conversion of alpha-d-glucose-1-phosphate into thymidine diphosphate (dtdp)-4-dehydro-6-deoxyglucose by the sequential action of rmla (glucose-1-phospha ... | 2007 | 17202151 |
| linamarase activities in bacillus spp. responsible for thermophilic aerobic digestion of agricultural wastes for animal nutrition. | thermophilic bacillus spp. isolated from thermophilic aerobic digestion (tad) of model agricultural slurry were screened for ability to secret linamarase activity and degrade linamarin, a cyanogenic glycoside toxin abundant in cassava. screening was performed by both linamarin - picrate assay and by p-nitrophenyl beta-d-glucoside (pnpg) degradation, and results of both assays were related. linamarase positive isolates were identified as bacillus coagulans, bacillus licheniformis and bacillus ste ... | 2007 | 17207614 |
| development of plasmid vector and electroporation condition for gene transfer in sporogenic lactic acid bacterium, bacillus coagulans. | bacillus coagulans is a sporogenic lactic acid bacterium that ferments glucose and xylose, major components of plant biomass, a potential feedstock for cellulosic ethanol. the temperature and ph for optimum rate of growth of b. coagulans (50 to 55 degrees c, ph 5.0) are very similar to that of commercially developed fungal cellulases (50 degrees c; ph 4.8). due to this match, simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) of cellulose to products by b. coagulans is expected to require less ... | 2007 | 17215040 |
| temperature-dependent structure of the e x s complex of bacillus stearothermophilus alcohol dehydrogenase. | the catalytic chemistry of the thermophilic bacillus stearothermophilus alcohol dehydrogenase (htadh) closely resembles that of mesophilic horse liver alcohol dehydrogenase (hladh). molecular dynamics (md) simulations of the htadh x nad+ x eto- complex at 298, 323, and 348 k show that the structure of the ligated zn2+...eto- complex varies slightly with change in temperature. the md-created boltzmann distribution of htadh x nad+ x eto- structures establishes the formation of multiple states whic ... | 2007 | 17223705 |
| functional characterization of the initiation enzyme of s-layer glycoprotein glycan biosynthesis in geobacillus stearothermophilus nrs 2004/3a. | the glycan chain of the s-layer glycoprotein of geobacillus stearothermophilus nrs 2004/3a is composed of repeating units [-->2)-alpha-l-rhap-(1-->3)-beta-l-rhap-(1-->2)-alpha-l-rhap-(1-->], with a 2-o-methyl modification of the terminal trisaccharide at the nonreducing end of the glycan chain, a core saccharide composed of two or three alpha-l-rhamnose residues, and a beta-d-galactose residue as a linker to the s-layer protein. in this study, we report the biochemical characterization of wsap o ... | 2007 | 17237178 |
| sporicidal activity of the kmt reagent in its vapor phase against geobacillus stearothermophilus spores. | in an investigation of the sporicidal activity of the kmt reagent, a vapor phase study was performed using five kinds of carriers contaminated with geobacillus stearothermophilus spores. when 25 ml of the kmt reagent was vaporized in a chamber (capacity; approximately 95 liters), the 2-step heating method (vaporization by a combination of low temperature and high temperature) showed the most effective sporicidal activity in comparison with the 1-step heating method (rapid vaporization). the 2-st ... | 2007 | 17237604 |
| crystal structure of the geobacillus stearothermophilus carboxylesterase est55 and its activation of prodrug cpt-11. | several mammalian carboxylesterases were shown to activate the prodrug irinotecan (cpt-11) to produce 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (sn-38), a topoisomerase inhibitor used in cancer therapy. however, the potential use of bacterial carboxylesterases, which have the advantage of high stability, has not been explored. we present the crystal structure of the carboxyesterase est55 from geobacillus stearothermophilus and evaluation of its enzyme activity on cpt-11. crystal structures were determined ... | 2007 | 17239398 |
| comparative analysis of new innovative vaccine formulations based on the use of procaryotic display systems. | a t helper epitope was expressed in three innovative delivery vehicles recently developed in our laboratories and based respectively, on the filamentous bacteriophage fd, the e2 protein from the pdh complex of bacillus stearothermophilus and the protein cotc of bacillus subtilis spores. studies of antigenicity and immunogenicity were performed by using a specific t cell hybridoma and by priming mononuclear cells isolated from the venous blood of human donors. the results indicate that the e2 sys ... | 2007 | 17239998 |
| temperature impacts the multiple attack action of amylases. | the action pattern of several amylases was studied at 35, 50, and 70 degrees c using potato amylose, a soluble (red starch) and insoluble (cross-linked amylose) chromophoric substrate. with potato amylose as substrate, bacillus stearothermophilus alpha-amylase (bsta) and porcine pancreatic alpha-amylase displayed a high degree of multiple attack (dma, i.e., the number of bonds broken during the lifetime of an enzyme-substrate complex minus one), the fungal alpha-amylase from aspergillus oryzae a ... | 2007 | 17309295 |
| structural features of a cold-adapted alaskan bacterial lipase. | the three dimensional model of cold-adapted alaskan psychrotroph pseudomonas species (strain b11-1) lipase has been constructed by homology modeling based on the crystal structure of acetyl esterase from rhodococcus species and refined by molecular dynamics methods. our model locates the substrate-binding cavity and further suggests that ser-155, asp-250, and his-280 are the members of the catalytic triad. substrate specificity of the modeled lipase has been examined by docking experiments, whic ... | 2007 | 17313191 |
| genetic incorporation of unnatural amino acids into proteins in mammalian cells. | we developed a general approach that allows unnatural amino acids with diverse physicochemical and biological properties to be genetically encoded in mammalian cells. a mutant escherichia coli aminoacyl-trna synthetase (aars) is first evolved in yeast to selectively aminoacylate its trna with the unnatural amino acid of interest. this mutant aars together with an amber suppressor trna from bacillus stearothermophilus is then used to site-specifically incorporate the unnatural amino acid into a p ... | 2007 | 17322890 |
| the two active sites in human branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase operate independently without an obligatory alternating-site mechanism. | a long standing controversy is whether an alternating activesite mechanism occurs during catalysis in thiamine diphosphate (thdp)-dependent enzymes. we address this question by investigating the thdp-dependent decarboxylase/dehydrogenase (e1b) component of the mitochondrial branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex (bckdc). our crystal structure reveals that conformations of the two active sites in the human e1b heterotetramer harboring the reaction intermediate are identical. acidic ... | 2007 | 17329260 |
| probing the essential catalytic residues and substrate affinity in the thermoactive bacillus stearothermophilus us100 l-arabinose isomerase by site-directed mutagenesis. | the l-arabinose isomerase (l-ai) from bacillus stearothermophilus us100 is characterized by its high thermoactivity and catalytic efficiency. furthermore, as opposed to the majority of l-arabinose isomerases, this enzyme requires metallic ions for its thermostability rather than for its activity. these features make us100 l-ai attractive as a template for industrial use. based on previously solved crystal structures and sequence alignments, we identified amino acids that are putatively important ... | 2007 | 17337581 |
| domain swapping reveals that the c- and n-terminal domains of dnag and dnab, respectively, are functional homologues. | the bacterial primase (dnag)-helicase (dnab) interaction is mediated by the c-terminal domain of dnag (p16) and a linker that joins the n- and c-terminal domains (p17 and p33 respectively) of dnab. the crystal and nuclear magnetic resonance structures of p16 from escherichia coli and bacillus stearothermophilus dnag proteins revealed a unique structural homology with p17, despite the lack of amino acid sequence similarity. the functional significance of this is not clear. here, we have employed ... | 2007 | 17367384 |
| sequencing of o-glycopeptides derived from an s-layer glycoprotein of geobacillus stearothermophilus nrs 2004/3a containing up to 51 monosaccharide residues at a single glycosylation site by fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance infrared multiphoton dissociation mass spectrometry. | the microheterogeneity of large sugar chains in glycopeptides from s-layer glycoproteins containing up to 51 monosaccharide residues at a single o-attachment site on a 12 amino acid peptide backbone was investigated by fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (fticr ms). structural elucidation of glycopeptides with the same amino acid sequence and different glycoforms, having such a high saccharide-to-peptide ratio, was achieved by applying infrared multiphoton dissociation (i ... | 2007 | 17378537 |
| evaluation of steam sterilization processes: comparing calculations using temperature data and biointegrator reduction data and calculation of theoretical temperature difference. | when calculating of the physical f121.1 degrees c-value by the equation f121.1 degrees c = t x 10(t-121.1/z the temperature (t), in combination with the z-value, influences the f121.1 degrees c-value exponentially. because the z-value for spores of geobacillus stearothermophilus often varies between 6 and 9, the biological f-value (f(bio) will not always correspond to the f0-value based on temperature records from the sterilization process calculated with a z-value of 10, even if the calibration ... | 2007 | 17390699 |
| antibiotic residues (bacterial inhibitory substances) in the milk of cows treated under label and extra-label conditions. | the objectives of this study were to describe the depletion pattern of antibiotic residues (microbial inhibitory substances) from the milk of cows treated under field conditions of clinical disease and antibiotic administration, including both label and extra-label use, and to determine if the type of extra-label use, the route of administration, and the drug used were factors associated with prolonged shedding of residues in milk.milk samples from 138 cows, treated with a variety of antibiotic ... | 1992 | 17424060 |
| crystal structure of tryptophanyl-trna synthetase complexed with adenosine-5' tetraphosphate: evidence for distributed use of catalytic binding energy in amino acid activation by class i aminoacyl-trna synthetases. | tryptophanyl-trna synthetase (trprs) is a functionally dimeric ligase, which specifically couples hydrolysis of atp to amp and pyrophosphate to the formation of an ester bond between tryptophan and the cognate trna. trprs from bacillus stearothermophilus binds the atp analogue, adenosine-5' tetraphosphate (aqp) competitively with atp during pyrophosphate exchange. estimates of binding affinity from this competitive inhibition and from isothermal titration calorimetry show that aqp binds 200 time ... | 2007 | 17428498 |
| species diversity and substrate utilization patterns of thermophilic bacterial communities in hot aerobic poultry and cattle manure composts. | this study investigated the species diversity and substrate utilization patterns of culturable thermophilic bacterial communities in hot aerobic poultry and cattle manure composts by coupling 16s rdna analysis with biolog data. based on the phylogenetic relationships of 16s rdna sequences, 34 thermophilic (grown at 60 degrees c) bacteria isolated during aerobic composting of poultry manure and cattle manure were classified as bacillus licheniformis, b. atrophaeus, geobacillus stearothermophilus, ... | 2007 | 17450396 |
| inxy and sexy, compact heterologous reporter proteins for mammalian cells. | mammalian reporter proteins are essential for gene-function analysis, drugscreening initiatives and as model product proteins for biopharmaceutical manufacturing. bacillus subtilis can maintain its metabolism by secreting xylanase a (xyna), which converts xylan into shorter xylose oligosaccharides. xyna is a family 11 xylanase monospecific for d-xylose containing substrates. mammalian cells transgenic for constitutive expression of wild-type xyna showed substantial secretion of this prokaryotic ... | 2007 | 17461419 |
| characterization and structural modeling of a new type of thermostable esterase from thermotoga maritima. | a bioinformatic screening of the genome of the hyperthermophilic bacterium thermotoga maritima for ester-hydrolyzing enzymes revealed a protein with typical esterase motifs, though annotated as a hypothetical protein. to confirm its putative esterase function the gene (estd) was cloned, functionally expressed in escherichia coli and purified to homogeneity. recombinant estd was found to exhibit significant esterase activity with a preference for short acyl chain esters (c4-c8). the monomeric enz ... | 2007 | 17466017 |
| a rapid and efficient method for cloning genes of type ii restriction-modification systems by use of a killer plasmid. | we present a method for cloning restriction-modification (r-m) systems that is based on the use of a lethal plasmid (pkiller). the plasmid carries a functional gene for a restriction endonuclease having the same dna specificity as the r-m system of interest. the first step is the standard preparation of a representative, plasmid-borne genomic library. then this library is transformed with the killer plasmid. the only surviving bacteria are those which carry the gene specifying a protective dna m ... | 2007 | 17468281 |
| molecular determinants of substrate recognition in thermostable alpha-glucosidases belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 13. | bacillus stearothermophilus alpha-1,4-glucosidase (bs) is highly specific for alpha-1,4-glucosidic bonds of maltose, maltooligosaccharides and alpha-glucans. bacillus thermoglucosdasius oligo-1,6-glucosidase (bt) can specifically hydrolyse alpha-1,6 bonds of isomaltose, isomaltooligosaccharides and alpha-limit dextrin. the two enzymes have high homology in primary structure and belong to glycoside hydrolase family 13, which contain four conservative regions (i, ii, iii and iv). the two enzymes a ... | 2007 | 17525102 |
| structure, flexibility, and mechanism of the bacillus stearothermophilus recu holliday junction resolvase. | here we report a high resolution structure of recu-holliday junction resolvase from bacillus stearothermophilus. the functional unit of recu is a homodimer that contains a "mushroom" like structure with a rigid cap and two highly flexible loops extending outwards. these loops appear to be highly flexible/dynamic, and presumably are directly involved in dna binding and holding it for catalysis. structural modifications of both the protein and dna upon their interaction are essential for catalysis ... | 2007 | 17557334 |
| dynamic allostery in the ring protein trap. | we have discovered distinct, characteristic differences in the thermodynamic signatures of tryptophan binding by trp rna-binding attenuation protein (trap) from two different bacterial species. the trap 11mer ring binds 11 molecules of tryptophan at symmetry-related sites. tryptophan binding to bacillus stearothermophilus trap is not cooperative, but isothermal titration calorimetry shows that filling the first tryptophan binding sites of bacillus subtilis trap has a marked effect on the thermod ... | 2007 | 17559872 |
| a temperature-sensitive expression system based on the geobacillus stearothermophilus nrs 2004/3a sgse surface-layer gene promoter. | the sgse gene coding for the s-layer (surface layer) protein in the thermophilic gram-positive bacterium geobacillus stearothermophilus nrs 2004/3a is strongly induced when the culture is shifted from optimal (55 degrees c) to maximally tolerable growth temperature (67 degrees c). here, we investigated the regulation of the sgse promoter in g. stearothermophilus and tested the function of this promoter in bacillus subtilis. we used egfp (enhanced green fluorescent protein) reporter constructs an ... | 2008 | 17576197 |
| alanine production in an h+-atpase- and lactate dehydrogenase-defective mutant of escherichia coli expressing alanine dehydrogenase. | previously, we reported that pyruvate production was markedly improved in tbla-1, an h(+)-atpase-defective escherichia coli mutant derived from w1485lip2, a pyruvate-producing e. coli k-12 strain. tbla-1 produced more than 30 g/l pyruvate from 50 g/l glucose by jar fermentation, while w1485lip2 produced only 25 g/l pyruvate (yokota et al. in biosci biotechnol biochem 58:2164-2167, 1994b). in this study, we tested the ability of tbla-1 to produce alanine by fermentation. the alanine dehydrogenase ... | 2007 | 17583806 |
| functional analysis of the translation factor aif2/5b in the thermophilic archaeon sulfolobus solfataricus. | the protein if2/eif5b is one of the few translation initiation factors shared by all three primary domains of life (bacteria, archaea, eukarya). despite its phylogenetic conservation, the factor is known to present marked functional divergences in the bacteria and the eukarya. in this work, the function in translation of the archaeal homologue (aif2/5b) has been analysed in detail for the first time using a variety of in vitro assays. the results revealed that the protein is a ribosome-dependent ... | 2007 | 17608795 |
| substrate specificities of wild and mutated farnesyl diphosphate synthases from bacillus stearothermophilus with artificial substrates. | to determine the substrate specificities of wild and mutated types of farnesyl diphosphate (fpp) synthases from bacillus stearothermophilus, we examined the reactivities of 8-hydroxygeranyl diphosphate (hogpp) and 8-methoxygeranyl diphosphate (ch(3)ogpp) as allylic substrate homologs. the wild-type fpp synthase reaction of hogpp (and ch(3)ogpp) with isopentenyl diphosphate (ipp) gave hydroxyfarnesyl- (and methoxyfarnesyl-) diphosphates that stopped at the first stage of condensation. on the othe ... | 2007 | 17617711 |
| bacillus stearothermophilus pcra monomer is a single-stranded dna translocase but not a processive helicase in vitro. | structural studies of the bacillus stearothermophilus pcra protein along with biochemical studies of the single-stranded (ss) dna translocation activity of pcra monomers have led to the suggestion that a pcra monomer possesses processive helicase activity in vitro. yet definitive studies testing whether the pcra monomer possesses processive helicase activity have not been performed. here we show, using single turnover kinetic methods, that monomers of pcra are able to translocate along ssdna, in ... | 2007 | 17631491 |
| structure-specificity relationships of an intracellular xylanase from geobacillus stearothermophilus. | geobacillus stearothermophilus t-6 is a thermophilic gram-positive bacterium that produces two selective family 10 xylanases which both take part in the complete degradation and utilization of the xylan polymer. the two xylanases exhibit significantly different substrate specificities. while the extracellular xylanase (xt6; mw 43.8 kda) hydrolyzes the long and branched native xylan polymer, the intracellular xylanase (ixt6; mw 38.6 kda) preferentially hydrolyzes only short xylo-oligosaccharides. ... | 2007 | 17642511 |
| high-affinity interaction between the s-layer protein sbsc and the secondary cell wall polymer of geobacillus stearothermophilus atcc 12980 determined by surface plasmon resonance technology. | surface plasmon resonance studies using c-terminal truncation forms of the s-layer protein sbsc (recombinant sbsc consisting of amino acids 31 to 270 [rsbsc(31-270)] and rsbsc(31-443)) and the secondary cell wall polymer (scwp) isolated from geobacillus stearothermophilus atcc 12980 confirmed the exclusive responsibility of the n-terminal region comprising amino acids 31 to 270 for scwp binding. quantitative analyses indicated binding behavior demonstrating low, medium, and high affinities. | 2007 | 17644609 |
| structure determination and biochemical studies on bacillus stearothermophilus e53q serine hydroxymethyltransferase and its complexes provide insights on function and enzyme memory. | serine hydroxymethyltransferase (shmt) belongs to the alpha-family of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent enzymes and catalyzes the reversible conversion of l-ser and tetrahydrofolate to gly and 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate. 5,10-methylene tetrahydrofolate serves as a source of one-carbon fragment in many biological processes. shmt also catalyzes the tetrahydrofolate-independent conversion of l-allo-thr to gly and acetaldehyde. the crystal structure of bacillus stearothermophilus shmt (bsshmt) s ... | 2007 | 17651438 |
| geobacillus stearothermophilus lv cada gene mediates resistance to cadmium, lead and zinc in znta mutants of salmonella entérica serovar typhimurium. | salmonella entérica serovar typhimurium cells expressing the cada gene of geobacillus stearothermophilus lv exhibit a hypersensitive phenotype to cadmium chloride. deletion of the orf stm3576 from the salmonella genome resulted in cadmium, lead and zinc sensitivity, confirming that this orf is a homologue of the znta gene. the observed sensitivity was reverted upon expression of the g. stearothermophilus lv cada gene. these results indicate that the cada gene product is involved in cd, pb and zn ... | 2007 | 17657347 |
| yield and protein quality of thermophilic bacillus spp. biomass related to thermophilic aerobic digestion of agricultural wastes for animal feed supplementation. | bacillus spp. responsible for thermophilic aerobic digestion (tad) of agricultural wastes were studied for their growth rate, yield and protein quality (amino acid profile) under conditions that approximate full-scale waste digestion as pointers to the capacity of tad to achieve protein enrichment of wastes for reuse in animal feeding. specific growth rates of the thermophiles varied with temperature and aeration rates. for bacillus coagulans, the highest specific growth rate was 1.98 muh(-1); f ... | 2008 | 17664065 |
| silica-immobilized his6-tagged enzyme: alanine racemase in hydrophobic solvent. | a new immobilization method for enzymes is presented to facilitate synthetic applications in aqueous as well as organic media. the enzyme alanine racemase (alar) from geobacillus stearothermophilus was cloned, overexpressed and then immobilized on a silica-coated thin-layer chromatography plate to create an enzyme surface. the enzyme, fused to a his(6)-tag at its n-terminal, was tethered to the chemically modified silica-coated tlc plate through cobalt ions. the immobilized enzyme showed unalter ... | 2008 | 17680683 |
| how directional translocation is regulated in a dna helicase motor. | pcra helicase from bacillus stearothermophilus is one of the smallest motor proteins structurally known in full atomic detail. it translocates progressively from the 3' end to the 5' end of single-stranded dna utilizing the free energy from atp hydrolysis. the similarities in structure and reaction pathway between pcra helicase and f1-atpase suggest a similar mechanochemical mechanism at work in both systems. previous studies of pcra translocation demonstrated a domain stepping mechanism in whic ... | 2007 | 17704159 |
| crystal structure and putative function of small toprim domain-containing protein from bacillus stearothermophilus. | the crystal structure of the midwest center for structural genomics target apc35832, a 14.7-kda cytosolic protein from bacillus stearothermophilus, has been determined at 1.3 a resolution by the single anomalous diffraction method from a mercury soaked crystal. the apc35832 protein is a representative of large group of bacterial and archeal proteins entirely consisting of the toprim (topoisomerase-primase) domain. this domain is found in the catalytic centers of many enzymes catalyzing phosphodi ... | 2008 | 17705269 |
| novel biocatalysts based on s-layer self-assembly of geobacillus stearothermophilus nrs 2004/3a: a nanobiotechnological approach. | the crystalline cell-surface (s) layer sgse of geobacillus stearothermophilus nrs 2004/3a represents a natural protein self-assembly system with nanometer-scale periodicity that is evaluated as a combined carrier/patterning element for the conception of novel types of biocatalyst aiming at the controllable display of biocatalytic epitopes, storage stability, and reuse. the glucose-1-phosphate thymidylyltransferase rmla is used as a model enzyme and chimeric proteins are constructed by translatio ... | 2007 | 17786898 |
| production of l -alanine by metabolically engineered escherichia coli. | escherichia coli w was genetically engineered to produce l: -alanine as the primary fermentation product from sugars by replacing the native d: -lactate dehydrogenase of e. coli sz194 with alanine dehydrogenase from geobacillus stearothermophilus. as a result, the heterologous alanine dehydrogenase gene was integrated under the regulation of the native d: -lactate dehydrogenase (ldha) promoter. this homologous promoter is growth-regulated and provides high levels of expression during anaerobic f ... | 2007 | 17874321 |
| formaldehyde gas inactivation of bacillus anthracis, bacillus subtilis, and geobacillus stearothermophilus spores on indoor surface materials. | to evaluate the decontamination of bacillus anthracis, bacillus subtilis, and geobacillus stearothermophilus spores on indoor surface materials using formaldehyde gas. | 2007 | 17897215 |
| expression of a bacterial alpha-amylase gene in transgenic rice seeds. | an alpha-amylase gene from bacillus stearothermophilus under the control of the promoter of a major rice-seed storage protein was introduced into rice. the transgenic line with the highest alpha-amylase activity reached about 15,000 u/g of seeds (one unit is defined as the amount of enzyme that produces 1 mumol of reducing sugar in 1 min at 70 degrees c). the enzyme produced in the seeds had an optimum ph of 5.0-5.5 and optimum temperature of 60-70 degrees c. without extraction or purification, ... | 2008 | 17926139 |
| the inactivation and removal of airborne bacillus atrophaeus endospores from air circulation systems using uvc and hepa filters. | to (i) evaluate the uv radiation in the 'c' band/high efficient particulate air (uvc/hepa) instrument's potential to inactivate spores of bacillus atrophaeus and selected bacillus species and (ii) test whether a titanium dioxide coating inside the cylindrical hepa filter improves the system's efficacy. | 2008 | 17927759 |
| suitability of different construction materials for use in aseptic processing environments decontaminated with gaseous hydrogen peroxide. | the purpose of this study is to examine the behavior of different materials towards the microbial inactivation kinetic of gaseous hydrogen peroxide. samples of 49 materials potentially used in aseptic processing environments were inoculated with 106 spores of geobacillus stearothermophilus atcc #12980 and exposed to defined periods using a reproducible hydrogen peroxide bio-decontamination cycle. the inactivation characteristic of each material was investigated by means of repeated d-value calcu ... | 2007 | 17933208 |
| cysteine metabolism-related genes and bacterial resistance to potassium tellurite. | tellurite exerts a deleterious effect on a number of small molecules containing sulfur moieties that have a recognized role in cellular oxidative stress. because cysteine is involved in the biosynthesis of glutathione and other sulfur-containing compounds, we investigated the expression of geobacillus stearothermophilus v cysteine-related genes coba, cysk, and iscs and escherichia coli cysteine regulon genes under conditions that included the addition of k2teo3 to the culture medium. results sho ... | 2007 | 17951385 |
| glycosynthase activity of geobacillus stearothermophilus gh52 beta-xylosidase: efficient synthesis of xylooligosaccharides from alpha-d-xylopyranosyl fluoride through a conjugated reaction. | glycosynthases are mutant glycosidases in which the acidic nucleophile is replaced by a small inert residue. in the presence of glycosyl fluorides of the opposite anomeric configuration (to that of their natural substrates), these enzymes can catalyze glycosidic bond formation with various acceptors. in this study we demonstrate that xynb2e335g, a nucleophile-deficient mutant of a glycoside hydrolase family 52 beta-xylosidase from g. stearothermophilus, can function as an efficient glycosynthase ... | 2007 | 17955483 |
| crystal structures and mutational analysis of the arginine-, lysine-, histidine-binding protein artj from geobacillus stearothermophilus. implications for interactions of artj with its cognate atp-binding cassette transporter, art(mp)2. | artj is the substrate-binding component (receptor) of the atp-binding cassette (abc) transport system artj-(mp)(2) from the thermophilic bacterium geobacillus stearothermophilus that is specific for arginine, lysine, and histidine. the highest affinity is found for arginine (k(d)=0.039(+/-0.014) microm), while the affinities for lysine and histidine are about tenfold lower. we have determined the x-ray structures of artj liganded with each of these substrates at resolutions of 1.79 a (arginine), ... | 2008 | 18022195 |
| a novel approach to specific allergy treatment: the recombinant allergen-s-layer fusion protein rsbsc-bet v 1 matures dendritic cells that prime th0/th1 and il-10-producing regulatory t cells. | an ideal vaccine for allergen-specific immunotherapy of type i allergies should display reduced mediator-releasing capacity, induce maturation of apc, and modify the disease-eliciting th2-dominated allergen-specific response to a more physiological response. we have previously shown that rsbsc-bet v 1, the recombinant fusion protein of a bacterial surface (s-layer) protein of geobacillus stearothermophilus atcc 12980 and the major birch pollen allergen bet v 1, exhibited reduced allergenicity an ... | 2007 | 18025169 |