| preliminary examinations on the enterotoxigenicity of isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae from seafoods. | one hundred and eighty-five seafood samples, consisting of 96 freshwater fish, 37 marine fish, 13 freshwater prawn, 13 marine prawn and 26 molluscs were screened for presence of klebsiella. out of these, 12 isolates of klebsiella were identified, four k. pneumoniae var. ozaenae were isolated from marine fish samples and eight k. pneumoniae var. pneumoniae, six from freshwater fish and two from freshwater prawns. all 12 isolates were tested for enterotoxigenicity by the vasopermeability factor te ... | 1992 | 1457293 |
| septicemia in 980 patients at a university hospital in berlin: prospective studies during 4 selected years between 1979 and 1989. | a total of 980 episodes of clinically and bacteriologically proven septicemia were included in four prospective 1-year studies at a 1,300-bed university hospital in berlin between 1979 and 1989. the incidence was 8.1 per 1,000 admissions. the percentage of patients with severe underlying diseases increased significantly from 67% to 95% over the decade. septicemia due to gram-positive bacteria decreased from 47.3% in 1979 to 43.7% in 1986 and increased again to 51.2% in 1989. septicemia due to gr ... | 1992 | 1457672 |
| alterations in oropharyngeal flora in patients with a nasogastric tube: a cohort study. | to determine whether or not the presence of a nasogastric tube causes a change in the bacterial flora in the oropharynx. | 1992 | 1458945 |
| evaluation of progesterone treatment to create a model for equine endometritis. | to investigate a model for equine endometritis, 12 mares with normal reproductive tracts were divided into 2 groups. all mares received progesterone in oil, 250 mg im, daily. at 5 days after initiation of progesterone administration, the uteri were inoculated with 10(6) colony forming units of pseudomonas aeruginosa. the day of inoculation was designated day 0. on day 6, endometrial swab samples yielded p. aeruginosa in 5 mares; samples from the other 7 mares yielded heavy growth of escherichia ... | 1992 | 1459059 |
| an outbreak of gentamicin-resistant klebsiella bacteraemia at a children's hospital. | an outbreak of klebsiella bacteraemia at the ethio-swedish childrens' hospital, addis abeba, ethiopia is described. the epidemic occurred between february 1988 and february 1990 and appeared to originate in the neonatal nursery and subsequently spread to involve other wards in the hospital. resistance to several antibiotics, including gentamicin, was common. the importance of effective surveillance and the early institution of control measures for the prevention of nosocomial infection are discu ... | 1992 | 1459119 |
| lytic effect of bacillus subtilis elastase on gram-positive and negative bacteria. | elastase of b. subtilis 6a caused lysis of freshly grown cells of gram-negative (proteus vulgaris, klebsiella pneumoniae, salmonella typhi and pseudomonas aeruginosa and gram-positive (b. subtilis) bacteria. heat killed and lyophilised gram-positive and negative bacteria showed higher sensitivity to elastase. both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria were lysed maximally by elastase at ph 8.0. at this ph, activity of elastase was maximum in tris-hcl and glycine-naoh buffers followed by tris- ... | 1992 | 1459614 |
| [pentamidine inhalation in prevention of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in treatment of rejection with monoclonal antibody orthoclone (okt-3)]. | the use of the monoclonal antibody okt-3 (orthoclone) is associated with an increased risk of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. in a retrospective study, the efficiency of a prophylactic inhalation of pentamidine during acute renal allograft rejection therapy with okt-3 was investigated. from july 1988 until october 1989 32 renal transplanted patients with acute rejection refractory to steroids had been treated with okt-3. twelve of the patients developed a pneumonia (four pneumococcus, one klebsi ... | 1992 | 1461229 |
| primer-template interactions during dna amplification fingerprinting with single arbitrary oligonucleotides. | dna amplification fingerprinting (daf) is the enzymatic amplification of arbitrary stretches of dna which is directed by very short oligonucleotide primers of arbitrary sequence to generate complex but characteristic dna fingerprints. to determine the contribution of primer sequence and length to the fingerprint pattern and the effect of primer-template mismatches, dna was amplified from several sources using sequence-related primers. primers of varying length, constructed by removing nucleotide ... | 1992 | 1465089 |
| [the characteristics of the epidemic process of hospital infections in maternity hospitals influenced by an operational management system]. | as shown in this investigation, the introduction of the algorithmic system of the control of the epidemiological process of hospital infections (hi) in maternity hospitals makes it possible to reduce hi-induced morbidity and mortality rates more than by half, as well as to alter their nosological and age structures, without additional economic expenditures and under the existing material conditions of maternity hospitals. such success is achieved by the observation of infection precursors indica ... | 1992 | 1466167 |
| [the construction of genomic library of alcaligenes faecalis and cloning of nifh gene sequence homologous to klebsiella pneumoniae]. | a genomic library of alcaligenes faecalis a-15hl which possesses rather high nitrogenase activity has been constructed. the total dna of a. faecalis a-15 hl was partially digested with sau3ai. 13-20 kb of fragments recovered from agarose gel were cloned in bacteriophage em-bl4 vector. a total number of 1.2 x 10(6) of recombinants was obtained. it is much beyond the desired capacity of a library. by using nifh gene of k. pneumoniae from plasmid pgb1 as probe, we have successfully screened the clo ... | 1992 | 1466914 |
| patterns of multiple resistance to antibiotics in gram-negative bacteria demonstrated by factor analysis. | principal component analysis was used to demonstrate the main associations between patterns of resistance to antibiotic drugs in 670 gram-negative bacteria consecutively isolated from blood cultures over a period of two years. six factors were derived, which accounted for 84% of the total variance of the original matrix. each factor represented an association between resistance to certain antibiotics as follows: factor 1: aztreonam, third generation cephalosporins and aminoglycosides; factor 2: ... | 1992 | 1468416 |
| cockroaches as carriers of bacteria in multi-family dwellings. | the potential risk of bacterial dissemination due to the presence of cockroaches (blattella germanica, blattellidae) in low-income flats was investigated. cockroaches can carry a great variety of bacterial species; we identified 30 different species from 52 different flats. klebsiella oxycytoca, k. pneumoniae and enterobacter cloacae were the most frequently found. pathogenic and potentially pathogenic bacteria represented 54% of all the bacterial identifications. bacteria were carried either on ... | 1992 | 1468532 |
| nationwide spread of klebsiella oxytoca k55 in swedish neonatal special care wards. | in a nationwide survey of invasive bacterial infections in swedish neonates, 36% of klebsiella spp. were klebsiella oxytoca serotype k55. this unexpectedly high proportion of k55 infections was due to clusters of infection in neonatal special care wards, and at first seemed attributable to nosocomial spread of a k. oxytoca strain of high virulence. factors predisposing infants to infection were, however, found irrespective of whether the infecting strain was of serotype k55 or not. additionally, ... | 1992 | 1472360 |
| [studies of bronchoalveolar lavage cells during the airborne klebsiella pneumoniae infection in immunocompromised mice]. | we compared immunocompromised mice with normal mice during the airborne klebsiella pneumoniae (kp) infection, to study the course and developing mechanisms of kp pneumonia. there are significant difference in the number and peaking time of pmn, the number of lymphocytes and plasma cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of different mice groups. these results indicate that the interference of immune specific and nonspecific host responses is an important variable in antibiotic efficacy and th ... | 1992 | 1473189 |
| pathogens and antibiotic susceptibility profiles in the urinary tract. | of 2,780 specimens of midstream urine (msu) collected from patients of medical out-patient unit of lagos university teaching hospital (luth), and examined between march 1989 and february 1990, 780 (28.1%) had bacterial colony counts greater than 100,000 per ml. the commonest pathogens were e. coli, klebsiella aerogenes, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa. 9.8% of the infections were caused by gram-positive bacteria while 6.0% were due to the fungus, candida albicans and candida species. | 1992 | 1473516 |
| [study of the efficacy and tolerance of imipenem-cilastatin used as monotherapy for the adjuvant treatment to surgery of peritonitis. results of a french multicenter study including 257 patients]. | the antibiotic treatment of peritonitis classically resorts to the association of two and even three molecules. in order to test the efficacy of a single-drug therapy with tienam* imipenem/cilastatin) as an adjunctive treatment associated to surgery for perforation peritonitis, an open, non-comparative study of 257 patients was carried out in 28 departments. imipenem is the first beta-lactam antibiotic of the carbapenem family. this antibiotic seems to be particularly useful for the treatment of ... | 1992 | 1474112 |
| bacteriological investigation of infected root canals in benin city, nigeria. | possible viable bacteria were isolated and determined through culture based on paper point inoculation from infected root canals of 50 patients who presented for endodontic therapy at the school of dentistry, university of benin teaching hospital and central hospital, benin city. eighty-one strains of bacteria were isolated from 50 patients. the bacterial isolates were streptococcus species, (51), klebsiella species (17), e. coll (5), staphylococcus aureus (3), micrococcus species (2), neisseria ... | 1992 | 1476964 |
| specific binding sites on human phagocytic blood cells for gly-leu-phe and val-glu-pro-ile-pro-tyr, immunostimulating peptides from human milk proteins. | two immunostimulating peptides were isolated from human milk proteins by enzymatic digestion, the tripeptide glf and the hexapeptide vepipy. these peptides increased the phagocytosis of human and murine macrophages and protected mice against klebsiella pneumoniae infection. the present study showed that this activity may be correlated to the presence of specific binding sites on human blood phagocytic cells. the receptor molecules implicated were different for the two peptides. [3h]glf specifica ... | 1992 | 1477096 |
| physiological and energetic aspects of bacterial metabolite overproduction. | this review attempts to provide a rational explanation for microbial metabolite over-production, a phenomenon manifest with many wild-type and mutant organisms. after analysing the relationships between catabolic and anabolic processes within the growing cell (which point to the presence of sufficient kinetic control elements to ensure a stringent coupling between the two), consideration is given to mechanisms that might allow the rate of catabolism to be varied independently of the rate of anab ... | 1992 | 1478453 |
| cloning and expression of the klebsiella pneumoniae galactose operon. | the entire galactose (gal) operon of klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated and functionally analyzed in escherichia coli. the genes encoding galactokinase (galk), galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase (galt), and udp-galactose-4-epimerase (gale) were mapped by complementation analysis. the gene order e-t-k was found to be identical to that of salmonella spp. and e. coli. analysis of the nucleotide sequence in the control region revealed significant homology with that of e. coli. two major sites f ... | 1992 | 1478918 |
| the relative lethality of intestinal bacteria for gnotobiotic rats with experimental intestinal strangulation. | in eight experiments utilizing 28 animals each, germfree rats with and without ischemically or hemorrhagically strangulated closed loop intestinal segments were contaminated with either one of four common intestinal anaerobic bacteria, or a combination of two or three bacteria previously found to be innocuous in pure culture. the results showed that: a) in pure culture, bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides melaninogenicus, and peptostreptococcus anaerobius were innocuous; b) fusobacterium necrophor ... | 1992 | 1479304 |
| [evaluation of in vitro antimicrobial activity of cefazolin alone and in combination with cefmetazole or flomoxef using agar dilution method and disk diffusion method]. | antimicrobial activities of cefazolin (cez) against 251 strains of various clinical isolates obtained during 1989 and 1990 were determined using the mueller-hinton agar dilution method at an inoculum level 10(6) cfu/ml. the reliability of the disk susceptility test was also studied using mueller-hinton agar and various disks at inoculum levels of 10(3-4) cfu/cm2 in estimating approximate values of mics. in addition, antimicrobial activities of cez and cefmetazole (cmz) or flomoxef (fmox) in comb ... | 1992 | 1479676 |
| [effect of meropenem on fecal flora in children]. | meropenem (mepm, sm-7338), a novel parenteral carbapenem antibiotic, was examined for its effect on intestinal flora in children. seven children with infectious diseases (3 male and 4 female children of age's ranging from 4 months to 8 years and 9 months weighing from 7.3 to 23.0 kg) were treated with mepm at doses ranging 10.3 to 40.5 mg/kg 3 or 4 times a day for 6 to 12 days. before, during and after the treatment, identities and numbers of various bacteria contained in 1 g of feces were deter ... | 1992 | 1479688 |
| [the spectrum of pathogens in positive blood cultures--tyrol 1991]. | in a recent study by the centers for disease control (cdc) it was noted that there had been a resurgence of gram-positive bacteremia together with an increase in fungemia. this reported trend is confirmed by data from the austrian tirol. in 1991 1,750 out of 13,679 specimens (12.8%) yielded bacterial or fungal growth, accounting for 1,248 cases of "bacteremia"; no decision was made about the clinical significance of the culture isolates. we consider laboratory reports of blood isolates to be fai ... | 1992 | 1481545 |
| polymyxin b-horseradish peroxidase conjugates as tools in endotoxin research. | the peptide antibiotic polymyxin b (pmb) binds to bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, lps). we prepared covalent conjugates of pmb and horseradish peroxidase (hrp) by periodation of hrp-linked oligosaccharides followed by direct condensation with pmb. in addition we prepared monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to pmb. the pmb-hrp conjugates and anti-pmb mabs were used to study in elisa the binding of pmb to lps from escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. in addition, ... | 1992 | 1481986 |
| prospective observational study of klebsiella bacteremia in 230 patients: outcome for antibiotic combinations versus monotherapy. | combination antimicrobial agent therapy has been advocated for treatment of gram-negative bacteremia, including that caused by klebsiella spp. we performed a prospective, observational, 10-hospital collaborative study to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic combination therapy versus that of monotherapy for 230 consecutive patients with klebsiella bacteremia. the species involved were k. pneumoniae (82%), k. oxytoca (15%), and k. ozaenae (0.4%). of the bacteremias, 26% were polymicrobial in natur ... | 1992 | 1482131 |
| interleukin-1-induced nonspecific resistance to bacterial infection in mice is not mediated by glucocorticosteroids. | preexposure to a low dose of interleukin-1 (il-1; 3 to 30 micrograms/kg) 24 h before a lethal gram-negative bacterial infection prolonged survival in normal and granulocytopenic mice. to examine whether this protective effect is mediated by glucocorticosteroids, we first measured corticosterone concentrations in mice after administration of 80 and 800 ng of il-1. il-1 induced a dose-dependent increase in corticosterone levels in plasma. next, the corticosterone peak induced by a protective dose ... | 1992 | 1482145 |
| pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of a single dose of ceftriaxone (1,000 milligrams intravenously) for antibiotic prophylaxis in thoracic surgery. | the pharmacokinetics and tissue penetration of ceftriaxone after a single intravenous injection of 1,000 mg to 17 patients for antibiotic prophylaxis in thoracic surgery were studied. the patients were scheduled for elective noncardiac thoracic surgery. adequate levels in serum (higher than or equal to the mic for 90% of isolates of staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus spp., escherichia coli, haemophilus influenzae, and klebsiella pneumoniae) were found for all patients throughout the surgical p ... | 1992 | 1482149 |
| [post-antibiotic diarrheas: role of klebsiella oxytoca]. | from may 1989 to january 1991, 20 patients were investigated for antibiotic-associated acute diarrhea. colonoscopy or rectosigmoidoscopy was performed in each patient. cultures of colonic mucosal biopsies were carried out using conventional culture grounds (cystine-lactose-electrolyte-deficient). the aim of this study was to investigate the role of a gram negative bacillus: klebsiella oxytoca. among the 20 patients with antibiotic-associated acute diarrhea, 11 had bloody and mucus diarrhea and c ... | 1992 | 1483555 |
| management of pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis with spinal cord compression in the elderly. | five elderly and debilitated patients presented with compressive myelopathy due to pyogenic spondylitis. all had undergone surgery which consisted of eradication of the infected tissue via an anterior approach followed by primary bone graft. supplementary antibiotic treatment was determined by intraoperative bacteriological culture. this aggressive approach, disregarding the patients' advanced age and poor general medical state, resulted in total resolution of the neurological deficit and the pa ... | 1992 | 1484732 |
| systemic and mucosal antibodies to klebsiella in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and crohn's disease. | whole gut lavage fluid is a useful source of material for the study of intestinal immunity and inflammation in humans. systemic and mucosal antibodies to klebsiella pneumoniae were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) in serum samples and whole gut lavage fluid from 14 patients with ankylosing spondylitis, 14 with crohn's disease, and 16 immunologically normal controls. as the concentration of igg in whole gut lavage fluid reflects disease activity in crohn's disease, this appro ... | 1992 | 1485810 |
| immunological and clinical effect of long-term oral treatment with ru 41740 in patients with chronic bronchitis: double-blind trial long-term versus standard dose regimen. | the immunological and clinical effects of two oral treatment schedules of ru 41740 (standard for 3 months vs. long-term for 6 months) were assessed in 40 patients with chronic bronchitis by a controlled, double-blind, randomized trial. both treatments significantly improved phagocytosis index of both neutrophils and monocytes, and the phagocytosis frequency and the candidacidal activity of neutrophils, showing the maximum stimulation at the end of the third course of treatment. both treatment sc ... | 1992 | 1488558 |
| [1st spanish epidemic of plasmid resistance to 3d generation cephalosporins: the implication of shv-2]. | the first spanish outbreak of bacterial strains showing resistance to third generation cephalosporins and due to the presence of the extended spectrum beta-lactamase shv-2 is reported. this outbreak was observed in madrid during the years 1988-1990 and involved the san carlos university hospital with the same type of isolates at the ramón y cajal university hospital. | 1992 | 1489773 |
| binding of a membrane proteoglycan from klebsiella pneumoniae and its derivatives to human leukocytes. | the binding of a membrane proteoglycan from a non-encapsulated strain of klebsiella pneumoniae (kp-mpg) and four derivatives thereof, to human leukocytes, was investigated by indirect immunofluorescence using biotinylated f(ab')2 fragments of anti-kp-mpg antibodies and the streptavidin-phycoerythrin amplification system in flow cytometry. four kp-mpg derivatives were studied: 1/ an acylpoly(1,3)galactoside (apg), 2/ an apg preparation submitted to acid hydrolysis which removed all fatty acids, b ... | 1992 | 1490726 |
| antibacterial spectrum of lactoferricin b, a potent bactericidal peptide derived from the n-terminal region of bovine lactoferrin. | a physiologically diverse range of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was found to be susceptible to inhibition and inactivation by lactoferricin b, a peptide produced by gastric pepsin digestion of bovine lactoferrin. the list of susceptible organisms includes escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis, klebsiella pneumoniae, proteus vulgaris, yersinia enterocolitica, pseudomonas aeruginosa, campylobacter jejuni, staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus mutans, corynebacterium diphtheriae, list ... | 1992 | 1490908 |
| survey of the prevalence of beta-lactamases amongst 1000 gram-negative bacilli isolated consecutively at the royal london hospital. | beta-lactamase expression was examined in 1000 consecutive gram-negative bacilli isolated from urine, wound swab, sputum or blood specimens received at the microbiology laboratory of the royal london hospital. this survey, performed between january and april, 1991, followed a similar study undertaken in early 1982. the distribution of species was similar in the two surveys, except that the proportion of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates had increased from 11% in 1982 to 17.5% in the present study. ... | 1992 | 1490917 |
| purification and characterization of novel sulfotransferase obtained from klebsiella k-36, an intestinal bacterium of rat. | a novel type of sulfotransferase was purified from klebsiella k-36, an intestinal bacterium of rat. the enzyme (m(r) 160,000) is composed of two subunits (m(r) 73,000) with pi and optimal ph values of 5.3 and 10-10.5, respectively. the apparent km for pns (p-nitrophenyl sulfate) using phenol as an acceptor and that for phenol using pns as a donor substrate were determined to be 0.11 and 0.66 mm, respectively. the enzyme is activated by magnesium ion and inhibited by edta. | 1992 | 1491000 |
| klebsiella pneumoniae septic arthritis of a lumbar facet joint. | only 3 cases of isolated septic arthritis of a lumbar facet joint have been reported, all due to staphylococcus aureus. we describe a case of klebsiella pneumoniae septic arthritis of a lumbar facet joint in an hla-b27 positive patient. | 1992 | 1491410 |
| contrast enemas after necrotising enterocolitis: a case for prophylaxis? | during a 4-year period 9 out of 35 patients deteriorated following a contrast enema after necrotising enterocolitis (nec). two developed klebsiella septicaemia with one subsequent death. following the latter two cases the paediatric surgeons instituted intravenous prophylactic antibiotics (benzyl penicillin, metronidazole, gentamicin) prior to contrast enemas post-nec. of the factors examined only the presence a long line in-situ or history of previous perforation demonstrated any increased risk ... | 1992 | 1491930 |
| comparison of pulmonary and hepatic glucuronidation and sulphation of ethanol in rat and rabbit in vitro. | 1. pulmonary and hepatic udp-glucuronyltransferase and sulphotransferase activities in subcellular fractions from rats and rabbits were determined, comparing ethanol with known substrates for these enzymes. 2. no ethyl glucuronide formation was detected with either hepatic or pulmonary microsomal incubations. 3. chromatographic, autoradiographic and scintillation counting analysis indicated that ethanol is sulphated by rat and rabbit pulmonary cytosol, although this activity was approx. 2-6% of ... | 1992 | 1492423 |
| [nosocomial infection in newborn infants on mechanical ventilation]. | during a two-year period (1988-1989), were studied newborns treated with intermittent mandatory ventilation (imv). the goal was to know incidence of infections in these patients and characteristics of these process. of 187, 40 (21.3%) were infected. for these neonates the mean gestational age was 33 +/- 3 weeks and average for birth weight was 1755 +/- 644 g. in 32 the infecting agent was isolated, being the most common coagulase negative staphylococcus, it was found in 18 (45%), klebsiella sp i ... | 1992 | 1492914 |
| bacteriology, drug stability and exchange of percutaneous delivery systems and antibacterial filters in long-term intrathecal infusion of opioid drugs and bupivacaine in "refractory" pain. | to provide a basis for recommendations on the exchange of containers (syringes and cassettes) and antibacterial filters, and for choice of administration device in patients with "refractory" pain treated with long-term percutaneous intrathecal (it) infusions of opioid (morphine or buprenorphine) and bupivacaine mixtures. | 1992 | 1493343 |
| [acute hemorrhagic colitis after ingestion of amoxicillin]. | | 1992 | 1493893 |
| co-trimoxazole impairs colonization resistance in healthy volunteers. | the influence of co-trimoxazole on colonization resistance of the bowel was investigated in six healthy volunteers, by measuring the numbers of indigenous aerobic flora and of a co-trimoxazole resistant challenge strain of klebsiella pneumoniae. impairment of colonization resistance of the bowel was shown by a significant increase in the numbers of yeasts in the faeces of five of six volunteers, by a significant increase in the numbers of gram-negative bacilli in the faeces of two of six volunte ... | 1992 | 1493984 |
| [antimicrobial activities of ceftazidime on fresh clinical isolates]. | antimicrobial activity of ceftazidime (caz) was compared with those of other cephem antibiotics against clinically isolated strains sent to us by medical institutions throughout japan in 1989 and 1991. those strains separated and identified from samples collected from patients with various infections were also examined, and the following results were obtained. 1. the results suggested that, compared with reports of studies conducted with clinical isolates in early 1980's, mic90 of caz in 1991 we ... | 1992 | 1494227 |
| [antimicrobial activity of cefetamet against clinically isolated microbial strains collected from urban rti patients]. | the authors studied antimicrobial activities of cefetamet (cfmt) and other leading oral antimicrobials of beta-lactam class against clinically isolated strains from urban respiratory tract infection (rti) patients from january to march, 1992. 1. cfmt showed potent antimicrobial activities against "3 primary pathogens" of rtis i.e., streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, and haemophilus influenzae, but the drug had a slightly higher mic than those of a few oxime-type cephems already on ... | 1992 | 1494228 |
| [clinical study on cefprozil in pediatrics]. | clinical efficacy and safety of cefprozil (cfpz, bmy-28100), a newly developed oral cephalosporin, were studied in our pediatric department. clinical effectiveness, bacteriological effectiveness and side effects were studied in 116 pediatric patients with ages ranging 4 months to 11 years. cfpz was given 4.6-14.1 mg/kg daily in 3 times for 3-10 days. clinical efficacies were evaluated in 112 patients, and the therapeutic effectiveness were excellent in 1 and good in 6 for 7 patients with acute p ... | 1992 | 1494236 |
| relationship between selected bacteria and the growth of immature house flies, musca domestica, in an axenic test system. | to investigate the relationship between immature (maggot) house flies, musca domestica, and bacteria, we compared the development of sterile first-instar maggots in each of 10 pure blood agar cultures of bacteria with growth on sterile blood agar (negative control) and on standard house fly rearing medium (positive control). nine species of bacteria representing gram-negative and gram-positive rods, coccoid, and micrococcoid cell types supported house fly growth on blood agar. one bacterium, a s ... | 1992 | 1495035 |
| [synergistic action of cefodizime with other antimicrobial agents on clinically isolated microorganisms. ii. synergistic action with sisomicin]. | cefodizime (cdzm) possesses a broad antimicrobial spectrum and a relatively long half life in the blood. in addition, it shows excellent therapeutic efficacies in the treatment of infections in leukopenic animal models, hence it is expected that cdzm may have good efficacies against various infections in immunocompromised hosts. in the meantime, sisomicin (siso) not only has strong antibacterial activities against gram-negative rods (gnr), but has relatively low nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. t ... | 1992 | 1495193 |
| [bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of 5% and 10% granules of cefdinir in the pediatric field]. | bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefdinir (cfdn, fk482), a new oral cephalosporin, 5% and 10% granules, were performed in the field of pediatrics. the results are summarized below. 1. antibacterial activities antibacterial activities of cfdn against staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae were studied in comparison with those of cefaclor (ccl), cefi ... | 1992 | 1495196 |
| activator-independent formation of a closed complex between sigma 54-holoenzyme and nifh and nifu promoters of klebsiella pneumoniae. | the alternative sigma factor sigma 54 is required for transcription of nitrogen fixation genes in klebsiella pneumoniae and other diazotrophs. the nif genes, and other e sigma 54-dependent genes whose products are necessary for a wide range of processes, are postively regulated. a unifying model that is well supported by studies on nif and other nitrogen-regulated (ntr) genes includes the central tenet that sigma 54 confers upon core rna polymerase the ability to recognize and bind specific prom ... | 1992 | 1495390 |
| [detection of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases by the rapid atb e technique. value of the api v2.1.1 expert system]. | twenty-two extended-spectrum betalactamase-producing strains of enterobacteriaceae recovered in the authors' hospital were tested using the rapid atb e coupled with the api v2.1.1. expert system. the expert system detected 90.9% of esbl-producing strains. two strains producing a shv2 and a ctx1, respectively, escaped detection by the expert system despite concomitant resistance to aminoglycosides. | 1992 | 1495843 |
| [peripheral blood cells secreting specific antibodies after oral stimulation with a ribosomal vaccine]. | this investigation was designed to investigate mechanisms underlying oral immunization in humans after ingestion of the ribosomal vaccine d53. immunofluorescence and elisa (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) spot techniques were used for peripheral blood studies. the first part of the investigation was a double-blind placebo-controlled study of 12 healthy volunteers; counts of cells containing immunoglobulins and cells producing specific antibodies were higher in the individuals given the oral r ... | 1992 | 1495849 |
| [posterior urethral valves in senegalese children. fourteen cases]. | fourteen pediatric cases of posterior urethral valves in patients aged 6 months to 14 years (with four infants and ten older children) are reported. the main symptoms were vesical, including dysuria, acute urinary retention and dribbling. one patient presented with diarrhea, vomiting and dribbling. urethral valves were looked for as part of the evaluation for urinary lithiasis in one patient, and in another urinary lithiasis developed following the diagnosis of urethral valves. in half the cases ... | 1992 | 1497288 |
| transferable antibiotic resistance among thermotolerant coliforms from rural drinking water in india. | a total of 231 thermotolerant coliforms was isolated from rural drinking water from four states of india. of these, 220 isolates were resistant to ampicillin, chloramphemicol, streptomycin and tetracycline. multiple (mar), double and single antibiotic resistances were observed in 31.4, 48.6 and 13.7% of the isolates, respectively. out of 177 antibiotic-resistant isolates examined for transmissibility, only 15.3% were able to transfer their resistances to escherichia coli k-12 recipient. the resi ... | 1992 | 1499665 |
| the ability of airborne klebsiella pneumoniae to colonize mouse lungs. | a strain of klebsiella pneumoniae was aerosolized and its survival in air at different relative humidities was studied. survival was dependent upon relative humidity and aerosols were most stable during storage at a relative humidity of 60%. mice were exposed to aerosols of k. pneumoniae produced at this humidity and lung samples taken at timed intervals after exposure. fifteen strains of k. pneumoniae were tested for their ability to colonize mice, but only five were detectable in mouse lungs 7 ... | 1992 | 1499666 |
| vector potential of hospital houseflies with special reference to klebsiella species. | the vector potential of houseflies (musca domestica) for klebsiella spp. was investigated. klebsiella spp. (mostly klebsiella pneumoniae) were isolated from 36.7% of hospital flies and 28.1% of infected wounds of patients. antibiograms of klebsiella spp. showed that 82.0% of isolates from hospital flies and 96.3% from infected wounds were resistant to four or more commonly used antimicrobials. in contrast, from the control group, only 8.7% klebsiella isolates showed similar antimicrobial resista ... | 1992 | 1499668 |
| neonatal gastrointestinal perforations. | fourteen neonates presented with clinical and radiological evidence of gastrointestinal perforation, of which 13 were treated by operative intervention. no infant was formula fed, had rectal bleeding or radiological evidence of pneumatosis intestinalis. operative findings revealed localized perforation in ten of which three were gastric, two distal ileal, three cecal and two in sigmoid colon. gangrene with extensive perforation of jejunum, ascending colon and transverse colon were seen in one ea ... | 1992 | 1500126 |
| causes of mortality in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. | fifty five deaths between january, 1982 to september, 1989 in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) were evaluated to determine the cause of mortality. fifty cases died during remission. infection alone was responsible for death in 26 of 55 (47.3%) cases while hemorrhage was seen in 7 (12.7%) children. infection and hemorrhage together were responsible in another 13 cases. gastrointestinal tract and pulmonary system were the major sites of bleeding. infections either alone or in combi ... | 1992 | 1500128 |
| multifocal osteomyelitis in a newborn. | | 1992 | 1500137 |
| ru 29 246, the active compound of the cephalosporin prodrug-ester hr 916. iii. pharmacokinetic properties and antibacterial activity in vivo. | the pharmacokinetics of the broad spectrum cephem ru 29 246 and its prodrug-ester hr 916 b were investigated in mice, rats and dogs and compared to those of cefpodoxime proxetil, cefuroxime axetil and cefixime. hr 916 b is well absorbed following oral administration and efficiently converted to the antibacterially active form. in mice, mean peak blood levels of 31.1 micrograms/ml of the parent compound were recorded within 20 minutes after oral administration of a single dose equivalent to 40 mg ... | 1992 | 1500360 |
| klebsiella pneumoniae as a spoilage organism in mozzarella cheese. | a high concentration of total and fecal coliforms (5 x 10(8) and 3 x 10(7) cfu/g, respectively) was observed in samples representative of two production lots of mozzarella cheese from a local dairy. contamination was manifested by the swelling of plastic pouches and the formation of gas holes in mozzarella cheese. aerobic and anaerobic sporeformers, heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria, propionibacteria, and yeasts were absent. of the 41 isolates identified, there were 37 klebsiella pneumonia ... | 1992 | 1500546 |
| antigenic homology of endotoxin with a coliform mastitis vaccine strain, escherichia coli o111:b4 (j5). | this study examined recognition of heterologous gram-negative endotoxin by antibodies recognizing common lipopolysaccharide core antigens. gram-negative endotoxins from 11 heterologous bacterial strains were tested for recognition by antibodies against common lipopolysaccharide core antigens. serum was harvested from a calf immunized with the rc mutant, escherichia coli o111:b4 (j5), and affinity purified against endotoxin derived from an ra mutant, salmonella typhimurium, producing an antibody ... | 1992 | 1500577 |
| effect of external urinary collection system on colonization and urinary tract infections with pseudomonas and klebsiella in men with spinal cord injury. | urinary tract infection of men with spinal cord injuries has been associated with a high incidence of colonization of the patients with gram-negative bacilli. we have examined the factors influencing colonization of 119 patients with pseudomonas and klebsiella and studied methods of reducing this colonization. the urethra, perineum, rectum, and drainage bag of all patients were cultured on selective media at two week intervals until discharge. the use of the external urinary collection system (e ... | 1992 | 1500940 |
| cefonicid potentiation of human macrophage activity. | this study was undertaken to evaluate the in vitro effects of cefonicid on phagocyte functions such as phagocytosis and intracellular killing of phagocytosed bacteria. at concentrations of half the mic cefonicid caused human macrophages to ingest and kill klebsiella pneumoniae at a greater rate than did drug-free macrophages. bacteria pretreated with subinhibitory concentrations of cefonicid became more susceptible to the phagocytic and bactericidal activity of macrophages than untreated microor ... | 1992 | 1501583 |
| in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities of levofloxacin (l-ofloxacin), an optically active ofloxacin. | the antibacterial activity of levofloxacin was compared with those of ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and other antibiotics. in general, levofloxacin was equally active or up to fourfold more active than ofloxacin against all 801 organisms tested. levofloxacin was twofold [corrected] more active than ciprofloxacin against streptococcus pneumoniae and 2- to 4-fold more active than ciprofloxacin against staphylococcus aureus, xanthomonas maltophilia, and bacteroides fragilis. levofloxacin was two- to ei ... | 1992 | 1503449 |
| unsuspected meningitis diagnosed by in-111 labeled leukocytes. a case report. | clinically unsuspected bacterial meningitis was found in a patient with fever of unknown origin. blood and urine cultures were negative for growth. chest radiography and abdominal ct were negative for infection. triple-phase bone imaging was performed to rule out osteomyelitis from a gunshot wound. a left posterior iliac crest hot spot may have represented osteomyelitis, but in-111 labeled leukocyte imaging instead disclosed unsuspected meningitis. the csf culture after the imaging was positive ... | 1992 | 1505126 |
| disk diffusion antimicrobial assays of agents used in respiratory tract infections in intubated patients admitted to the intensive care unit (icu) of kenyatta national hospital from november to december 1990. | sensitivity patterns of bacterial isolates from respiratory tract infections to benzylpenicillin, gentamicin and ceftazidime were studied. in a period covering 8 weeks from november to december 1990, tracheal aspirates from a total of 22 intubated patients aged 6-54 years were taken. the duration of stay of patients in the unit by the time of specimen collection ranged from 2-92 days. respiratory tract infections by pathogenic organisms set in earliest on day 4. elevated temperatures (equal to o ... | 1992 | 1505400 |
| bacterial infection modulated by glucan: a search for the host defense potentiation mechanisms. | interactions between bacteria and the host were studied from day 0 up to day 10 post-challenge in mice pretreated with soluble glucan (20 mg/kg i.p.) and challenged supralaryngeally with a virulent strain of klebsiella pneumoniae. in the initial phase of infection, clearance of bacteria in the airways of glucan-treated mice was improved to an extent comparable with the vaccinated group but, in contrast to the immunized animals, subsequent regrowth of the bacterial inoculum was not prevented. the ... | 1992 | 1505872 |
| characterization of chromosomally encoded penicillinases in clinical isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae. | four klebsiella pneumoniae strains, isolated in two geographically distant french hospitals, were found to produce constitutive beta-lactamases with an unusual isoelectric point for this species (8.1). the four enzymes were chromosomally encoded and related to the ambler's class a plasmid-mediated shv-type enzymes. the four enzymes were predominantly penicillinases, with good activity against amino- and ureidopenicillins. they poorly hydrolysed cephalothin, cephaloridine and cefoperazone and did ... | 1992 | 1506347 |
| [pharmacokinetic and clinical studies with meropenem in the pediatric field. pediatric study group of meropenem]. | pharmacokinetic and clinical evaluations in pediatrics were made on meropenem (sm-7338, mepm), a new parenteral dehydropeptidase-1 stable carbapenem used without any inhibitors, at 33 medical institutions. the results are summarized as follows. 1. pharmacokinetic studies. mepm at a dose of 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg was administered to 53 children by 30-minute drip infusion. peak plasma concentrations (cmax's) and plasma half-lives (t1/2's) of these doses were 28.5, 47.2 and 130.0 micrograms/ml, and 0. ... | 1992 | 1507401 |
| nadh formation by na(+)-coupled reversed electron transfer in klebsiella pneumoniae. | citrate is fermented by klebsiella pneumoniae to 2 acetate, 0.5 formate and 1.2 co2. the formation of less than 1 formate and greater than 1 co2 per citrate can be accounted for by the oxidation of formate to co2 in order to provide reducing equivalents for the assimilation of citrate into cell carbon. a membrane-bound electron transport chain is apparently involved in nadh synthesis by these cells. the electrons from formate oxidation to co2 are used to reduce ubiquinone to ubiquinol by membran ... | 1992 | 1508043 |
| septicemia in granulocytopenic patients: a shift in bacterial etiology. | 35 episodes of septicemia in 33 patients occurred among 269 consecutive patients with granulocytopenia (granulocyte cell count less than or equal to 0.5 x 10(9)/l) during the 7-year period 1982-1988. 59% of isolated bacteria were gram-positive (staphylococcus aureus, staph. epidermidis, streptococcus species and pneumococcus) and 41% gram-negative (pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter, acinetobacter and citrobacter). compared to the 7-year period 1975-198 ... | 1992 | 1509241 |
| epidemiology of plasmid-mediated beta-lactamases in enterobacteria swedish neonatal wards and relation to antimicrobial therapy. | tem-1, oxa-1, shv-1, and related beta-lactamases in fecal isolates from 953 infants in 22 swedish neonatal intensive care units were studied by dna hybridization. tem-1- and oxa-1-positive isolates were always escherichia coli and represented 86 and 8%, respectively, of the ampicillin-resistant isolates of this species. shv-1 was found in 16% of the klebsiella sp. (mainly klebsiella pneumoniae) isolates. tem-1 and shv-1 occurred in 14 and 16 units and in up to 64 and 26% of the neonates, respect ... | 1992 | 1510425 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of ljc 10,627. | the in vitro activity of ljc 10,627, a new carbapenem, was compared with those of imipenem, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and gentamicin. ljc 10,627 inhibited 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, enterobacter aerogenes, enterobacter agglomerans, enterobacter cloacae, hafnia alvei, citrobacter freundii, citrobacter diversus, proteus mirabilis, morganella morganii, proteus rettgeri, serratia marcescens, pseudomonas cepacia, salmonellae, shigellae, aeromonas, and yersiniae ... | 1992 | 1510436 |
| absorption and fluorescence studies on interaction between cationic dyes and klebsiella k7 capsular polysaccharide. | interaction of cationic dyes, pinacyanol chloride, acridine orange and phenosafranin, with klebsiella k7 capsular polysaccharide has been investigated by spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric measurements. the acidic polysaccharide induce a metachromatic blue shift of the absorption band of pinacyanol chloride from 600 nm to 495 nm, indicating strong metachromasy. stoichiometry of polyanion and dye cation (1:1.5) in the polymer-dye compound formed by the interaction between pinacyanol chlor ... | 1992 | 1512016 |
| epidemiological analysis of klebsiella infections at a neonate department. | at the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of a brno hospital, 133 klebsiella strains were isolated from 23 mothers and 58 neonates during a period of increased incidence of klebsiella and 73 strains were examined in the laboratory. the control group was comprised by 78 klebsiella strains isolated at three other brno hospitals. four prevailing klebsiella types were identified using bacteriocinotyping and phagotyping. different bacteriocinotypes and phagotypes were found to prevail at certai ... | 1992 | 1512448 |
| [pharmacokinetic, bacteriological, and clinical studies on panipenem/betamipron in children]. | pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies were performed on panipenem/betamipron (papm/bp) in children. the results are summarized as follow: 1. twelve patients with various bacterial infectious diseases were treated with papm/bp. each dose was 20 mg/20 mg/kg, administered 3 times daily, in 30-minute intravenous drip infusion. treatments were continued for 5-22 days. clinical efficacies of papm/bp in 12 patients with bacterial infections (1 with suspected sepsis, 5 with pneumonia, 1 ... | 1992 | 1512926 |
| [clinical laboratory approach to evaluate efficacy of amikacin. reevaluation of in vitro mic break points in disc susceptibility test]. | antimicrobial activities of amikacin (amk) against 269 strains of various clinical isolates obtained in 1989 were determined and the reliability of the amk disc susceptibility test in estimating approximate values of mics was studied. in addition, clinical significance of various systems for the interpretation of the disc tests was evaluated to determine more useful method in the evaluation of clinical efficacy of amk. included in the study were a 3 category system of nccls, a 4 category system ... | 1992 | 1512934 |
| impact of growth conditions on resistance of klebsiella pneumoniae to chloramines. | the resistance of klebsiella pneumoniae to inorganic monochloramine (1.5 mg/liter; 3:1 cl2:n ratio, ph 8.0) was examined in relation to growth phase, temperature of growth, and growth under decreased nutrient conditions. growth phase did not impact resistance to chloramines. mid-exponential and stationary-phase cells, grown in a yeast extract-based medium, had ct99 values and standard deviations of 4.8 +/- 0.1 and 4.6 +/- 0.2 mg.min/liter, respectively. growth temperature did not alter chloramin ... | 1992 | 1514811 |
| bacterial translocation after major hepatectomy in patients and rats. | bacterial infections are frequent complications after liver resection. of 138 patients who underwent major hepatectomy, 11 patients (8%) developed intra-abdominal sepsis in the postoperative period. seven bacterial strains of gut origin were isolated from the abdominal cavity. eight patients had multiple bacteria cultured. in the experimental studies on rat models, positive mesenteric lymph node cultures were seen 2 hours after removal of 70% and 90% of the total weight of the rat liver, and 12 ... | 1992 | 1514914 |
| evaluation of coliforms as indicators of water quality in india. | the total and thermotolerant coliform counts in rural drinking water derived from ground water, piped supplies and surface water are reported for a number of areas in india. to evaluate these counts as indicators of recent faecal contamination the total coliforms and thermotolerant coliforms isolated have been identified. thermotolerant escherichia coli formed 11.7% of the total coliforms and 75.1% of the thermotolerant coliforms. citrobacter sp. (20.4%) and klebsiella sp. (50.9%) were the other ... | 1992 | 1517177 |
| evaluation of aztreonam in the treatment of serious gram-negative infections in a university hospital in saudi arabia. | the efficacy and safety of aztreonam were evaluated in an open trial at king khalid university hospital, riyadh, saudi arabia. a total of 45 critically-ill adult patients were enrolled in the study. all patients with documented gram-negative infection were treated with aztreonam as monotherapy. antibiotics active against only gram-positive and/or anaerobic organisms were allowed. twenty cases were clinically evaluable. eleven had lower respiratory tract infections (pneumonia), 3 had urinary trac ... | 1992 | 1517810 |
| [isolation and various properties of alpha-aminocaprolactam hydrolase from klebsiella aerogenes]. | l-alpha-aminocaprolactam hydrolase possessing the l lysine amidase activity was isolated from klebsiella aerogenes and purified. the procedure of enzymes purification included cell destruction on usdn-i, fractionation by ammonium sulfate, gel chromatography on g-200. the preparation of the purified enzyme possessed specific activity of 50 mumol of lysin per 1 mg of protein per hour. km was 2.6 mm in case of phosphate buffer (ph 7.2) for i-alpha-aminocaprolactam. besides l-alpha-aminocaprolactam ... | 1992 | 1519339 |
| development of cutaneous microflora in premature neonates. | coagulase-negative staphylococci (c-ns) are a frequent cause of bacteraemia in premature neonates. it is likely that the strains of c-ns causing bacterial sepsis in premature neonates have their origin on the patient's skin surface. we have studied the quantitative development of the skin microflora at eight sites on premature neonates. a swab wash method was used to sample and enumerate the cutaneous microflora of premature neonates admitted to an intensive care unit with respiratory distress s ... | 1992 | 1519978 |
| the role of eh, ph and iron in the bactericidal power of human plasma. | the bactericidal power of fresh human plasma against klebsiella pneumoniae and escherichia coli was extremely sensitive to changes in eh and ph. at a high eh (approx. +200 mv) the bacteria were destroyed, but rapid regrowth occurred when the eh was lowered to approx. -400 mv. abolition of the bactericidal effect was also produced by adding ferric iron at a high eh (approx. +200 mv). lowering the ph to 6.50 reduced or prevented the bactericidal effect. these results are probably related to the av ... | 1992 | 1521772 |
| human bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein and a recombinant nh2-terminal fragment cause killing of serum-resistant gram-negative bacteria in whole blood and inhibit tumor necrosis factor release induced by the bacteria. | the bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (bpi) of neutrophils and bpi fragments neutralize the effects of isolated gram-negative bacterial lipopolysaccharides both in vitro and in vivo. since endotoxin most commonly enters the host as constituents of invading gram-negative bacteria, we raised the question: can bpi and its bioactive fragments also protect against whole bacteria? to determine whether the bactericidal and endotoxin-neutralizing activities of bpi/fragments are expressed when ... | 1992 | 1522221 |
| urinary-tract infections in african neonates. | during a 4-year period between january 1987 and december 1990, 41 high-risk neonates with proven urinary tract infections (utis) were studied prospectively and compared with 55 control neonates. an incidence of 2.6 utis per 1000 live births was noted, amongst whom no obvious radiological abnormalities of the urinary tract were found. significantly, more males than females developed utis, the ratio being 4.5:i. low-birth-weight babies were significantly more often affected than those of normal we ... | 1992 | 1522323 |
| [antimicrobial activities of ceftriaxone against clinically isolated strains]. | antibiotic activities (mics) of ceftriaxone (ctrx) against 1,210 strains of bacteria including 28 spp. isolated in 1987 and 1990 were compared with those of other cephems. 1. when compared to data on clinically isolated strains reported in the early 1980s, strains of the following species isolated in 1990 showed extremely elevated mic90s of ctrx: staphylococcus spp., streptococcus pneumoniae, escherichia coli, citrobacter spp., enterobacter spp., serratia spp., proteus vulgaris, morganella morga ... | 1992 | 1522669 |
| [studies on meropenem in the field of pediatrics]. | the pharmacokinetics and the clinical effectiveness of meropenem (mepm) were examined in the field of pediatrics. the results are summarized as follows. 1. a 4-year-6-month-old girl with suppurative meningitis (haemophilus influenzae) was treated by intravenous drip infusion of mepm in a daily dose of 29 mg/kg which was divided into 4 dosages, each dosage being infused over 30 minutes, and the drug concentration in cerebrospinal fluid was determined. upon completion of infusion on the 2nd day of ... | 1992 | 1522681 |
| virulence properties of enterobacteriaceae isolated from the small intestine of children with diarrhea. | enterobacteriaceae isolated from the duodena of peruvian children with persistent diarrhea (pd) have been examined for virulence factors and compared with enterobacteriaceae isolated from children with acute diarrhea, those convalescent from pd and diarrhea-free controls. escherichia coli were isolated from 42 of 186 (23%) of the aspirates. all 11 children with pd in whom multiple e. coli colonies were examined were colonized by a single serotype. dna probes identified enterotoxigenic e. coli in ... | 1992 | 1523072 |
| quinolone therapy in the management of infection after irradiation. | ionizing radiation increases the recipient's susceptibility to local and systemic infection by endogenous and exogenous microorganisms. most infections involve fatal gram-negative septicemia, but those associated with trauma may be polymicrobial. the use of quinolone antimicrobial agents in the treatment of these infections in irradiated mice is reviewed. quinolones were effective in controlling systemic endogenous gram-negative infection following irradiation. supplementation of quinolone thera ... | 1992 | 1524673 |
| [the microbial flora in septic corneal ulcers]. | the researching of the microbial flora for 101 septic ulcer of the cornea shows the highest frequency of gram-positive embryos, the golden streptococcus has been met for 83 cases of which. the streptococcus was for 7 cases, pneumococcus for 2 cases, gram-positive bacillus of superinfections for 14 cases. among the gram-negative embryos might be mentioned moraxella for 7 observations, proteus for 4 obs., klebsiella for 2 obs., pseudomonas for 2 obs., enterobacter for one case. for all the ulcers ... | 1992 | 1525144 |
| [antibiotic therapy of infections in patients on dialysis]. | the results obtained in treating infections in 53 patients involved in a chronic dialysis-transplantation program are reported. higher susceptibility to infections and reduced immune functions were observed in dialyzed patients. the problem of the occurrence rate of individual infections was analyzed and infections of the respiratory system, particularly bronchopneumonia, were found to be predominant. no patient died of infection; in two patients the prescribed antibiotic of first choice had to ... | 1992 | 1525680 |
| cefodizime given once daily for the treatment of upper urinary tract infections and complicated lower urinary tract infections. | the efficacy of cefodizime (cdz) in upper urinary tract infections (uuti) and complicated lower urinary tract infections (luti) was assessed by analysis of the combined results of five clinical trials. doses of cdz 1 g i.m. daily, 1 x 2 g i.v. or i.m. and 2 x 2 g i.v. were investigated; comparative agents were cefuroxime 3 x 1.5 g and ceftizoxime 1 x 2 g. median duration of treatment was seven days. a total of 544 patients, 61% of whom had uuti, entered the studies. four hundred twenty-two patie ... | 1992 | 1526670 |
| review of effectiveness of cefodizime in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections with parenchymal involvement. | the efficacy of cefodizime (cdz) in lower respiratory tract infections (lrti) with parenchymal involvement was assessed by the analysis of data from 919 patients who participated in four controlled, randomized studies and three open studies. sputum bacteriology and a chest x-ray were performed at baseline and after therapy. a total of 778 patients were evaluable for clinical efficacy and 451 for bacteriological efficacy. the most frequent pathogen was streptococcus pneumoniae, followed by staphy ... | 1992 | 1526672 |
| in vitro activity of cefodizime. | cefodizime is a bactericidal cephem with the typical broad spectrum activity of an aminothiazolyl cephalosporin, including both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria: its mic90 is 0.125 mg/l for streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes and other streptococci; and 0.05 mg/l for haemophilus spp., neisseria meningitidis, neisseria gonorrhoeae and moraxella catarrhalis; while beta-lactamase positive strains of m. catarrhalis require 1 mg/l. less than 1 mg/l is needed for escherichia coli, ... | 1992 | 1526673 |
| heterologous expression of an alginate lyase gene in mucoid and non-mucoid strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa. | a 1.95 kb dna fragment containing the aly gene from klebsiella pneumoniae, which encodes an alginate lyase, has been ligated into the broad-host-range vector plafr3. transfer of the resultant recombinant plasmid, paly8, into mucoid and non-mucoid strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa resulted in expression of the alginate lyase. the heterologously expressed alginate lyase, which had the same isoelectric point and substrate specificity as the native enzyme, altered the morphology of mucoid strains. a ... | 1992 | 1527506 |
| neonatal septicaemia in an african city of high altitude. | ninety-nine cases of neonatal septicaemia prospectively seen over a 3-year period in a large cosmopolitan african city of high altitude is presented. an incidence of 6.5 per 1000 live births was noted. though the most important pathogens were klebsiella spp. and staphylococcus aureus, citrobacter difficile and alkalegenes faecalis were the pathogens associated with a high mortality rate. low birth weight infants were significantly more affected. the overall mortality rate was 27.3 per cent. the ... | 1992 | 1527816 |
| [the use of plasma from donor convalescent patients in the combined treatment of peritonitis]. | the article analyses the treatment of 12 patients with diffuse purulent peritonitis in whom the titers of specific antibodies against microflora causing peritonitis were corrected in the period of secondary immunodeficiency. the authors suggest a new method for the treatment of peritonitis which is based on inclusion of convalescents' plasma after peritonitis in the therapeutic complex. this plasma contains specific antibodies against the cultured microflora in high titers and is a polyvalent hy ... | 1992 | 1527978 |