| effect of the pesticide carbaryl on replication of human and simian varicella viruses. | pretreatment of host cells with carbaryl delayed the early spread of simian and human varicella virus infections. toward the end of the growth cycle there was an apparent enhancement of infection, since treated cultures showed more infectious centers than did untreated ones in which infectivity had reached maximum levels and then declined. | 1983 | 6301995 |
| genome differences among varicella-zoster virus isolates. | the dnas of 17 isolates of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were analysed by restriction endonuclease cleavage and agarose gel electrophoresis. by comparing gel patterns of dnas cleaved with only a few enzymes, all epidemiologically distinct isolates were shown to be unique. two isolates recovered from members of a family infected in a common-source outbreak were identical to each other (4/4 enzymes) but distinct from the other strains. in addition, three isolates recovered at different times during ... | 1983 | 6302208 |
| expression of varicella-zoster virus-related antigens in biochemically transformed cells. | l(o)cl 3 and l(k)cl 1 cells, biochemically transformed by varicella-zoster virus (vzv), were labelled with l-[35s]methionine and [32p]orthophosphate. cell extracts were immunoprecipitated with anti-vzv monkey serum and analysed by sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. four polypeptides of apparent mol. wt. 135000 (135k), 48k, 44k and 35k were detected in the l-[35s]methionine-labelled extracts, and, of these, the 35k band showed marked intensity. however, this band was not detected in extracts ... | 1983 | 6302213 |
| [varicella zoster immunoglobulin. prophylactic use in risk patients]. | | 1983 | 6303013 |
| treatment of varicella-zoster meningoencephalitis with acyclovir--demonstration of virus in cerebrospinal fluid by electron microscopy. | disseminated varicella-zoster (v-z) infection developed in three immunocompromised patients, with direct invasion of the central nervous system by virus. for two of these patients, diagnosis was confirmed by electron microscopic examination of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and detection of viral particles. extensive immunologic evaluation demonstrated impairment of cellular immune function. all were treated with acyclovir at a dose of 1,500 mg/m2/day for 5-7 days. peak and trough plasma levels of th ... | 1983 | 6305186 |
| disseminated varicella-zoster virus infection with the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. | a patient with non-hodgkin's lymphoma who was previously treated with chemotherapy and radiotherapy was seen with intestinal pseudoobstruction due to paralytic ileus associated with herpes zoster (varicella zoster) infection. the infection was accompanied by a polydermatomal rash with typical morphologic characteristics, followed by cutaneous dissemination and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (siadh), as well as myotomal paresis. the diagnosis was supported by cytology and by c ... | 1983 | 6305297 |
| a comparison of indirect immunofluorescence and radioimmunoassay for detecting antibody to varicella-zoster virus. | immunofluorescence (if) and radioimmunoassay (ria) were found to be more sensitive methods than complement fixation (cf) for detecting antibody to varicella-zoster (v-z) virus. ria yielded titres about 30 times greater than those obtained by if, but for screening purposes ria was only about six times more sensitive since the minimum serum dilutions that could be tested were 1/100 and 1/16 respectively. when 539 sera from subjects of different ages were screened for v-z antibody, if and ria gave ... | 1983 | 6306029 |
| cell-mediated immunity to varicella-zoster virus demonstrated by lymphocyte transformation in herpes zoster. | | 1983 | 6306084 |
| varicella zoster virus antibody titers before and after administration of zoster immune globulin to neonates in an intensive care nursery. | | 1983 | 6306191 |
| cytomegalovirus isolations from cell cultures derived from epstein-barr virus-associated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. | cytomegalovirus (cmv) was isolated in cell cultures derived from 2 of 11 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (npc) biopsy specimens from north african patients. all these cases were epstein-barr virus (ebv)-associated npc. morphologic cytopathic changes and viral replication not associated with ebv were observed after 2 months in culture. virus identification was achieved by immunofluorescence studies, and cell culture antigens were tested by the use of complement fixation and indirect hemagglutination. al ... | 1983 | 6306325 |
| enhancement of varicella-zoster virus replication in cells pretreated with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine. | | 1983 | 6306406 |
| 9-([2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl)guanine: a selective inhibitor of herpes group virus replication. | 9-([2-hydroxy-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]methyl)guanine (2'-nor-2'-deoxyguanosine; 2'ndg) selectively inhibits the replication of herpes group viruses. in cell culture studies 2'ndg was at least 10-fold more potent than acyclovir (acv) in inhibition of human cytomegalovirus replication and epstein-barr virus-induced lymphocyte transformation and was about as effective as acv in inhibition of herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 and varicella zoster virus. orally administered 2'ndg was 6- to 50-fold more ... | 1983 | 6306664 |
| acyclovir. | acyclovir, the new virucidal drug recently approved by the food and drug administration for the treatment of herpes simplex virus (hsv), is the first available effective drug to treat such infections. acyclovir boasts activity against four of the five major herpes-group viruses, including herpes simplex (types 1 and 2), varicella-zoster, and epstein-barr. the drug, phosphorylated preferentially in viral cells, exclusively attacks infected cells possessing virus-specific dna polymerase, giving ac ... | 1983 | 6306847 |
| [effect of ph and methylcellulose on establishment of "in vitro" infection with cell-free varicella-zoster virus]. | | 1982 | 6306922 |
| rapid detection of herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus in clinical specimens by the use of staphylococcus aureus rich in protein a. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 and type 2 and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were detected in cytospin preparations from clinical material by using specific antisera and staphylococcus aureus, cowan 1 strain, rich in protein a (sra). virus was isolated in tissue culture from 22 of the 30 specimens submitted for examination. eighteen isolates showed cytopathic effect characteristic of hsv infection and 4 of vzv. in the cytospin preparations of the same samples hsv was detected in 15, two contain ... | 1983 | 6306990 |
| variation in human herpesvirus susceptibility to enhancement by the pesticide carbaryl. | the ability of various human herpesviruses to be enhanced by the pretreatment of human embryonic lung cells with the pesticide carbaryl (1-naphthyl-n-methyl-carbamate) differs according to the virus tested. different strains of varicella-zoster virus produced different patterns of susceptibility to enhancement. laboratory-adapted strains were less sensitive to enhancement than were wild-type strains recently isolated from clinical specimens. the related human herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 ... | 1983 | 6307144 |
| characterization of varicella-zoster virus enhancement by the pesticide carbaryl. | further characterization of the viral enhancement system of varicella-zoster virus by the pesticide carbaryl (1-naphthyl-n-methylcarbamate) is presented. it was necessary to expose cells to the enhancing chemical during the period of virus replication to detect enhancement. the optimum time for the pretreatment is 20 to 24 h. maximum enhancement of virus expression occurs 48 to 72 h post-inoculation. treated cells cannot pass on to daughter cells the ability to produce increased amounts of virus ... | 1983 | 6307145 |
| dna binding proteins induced by varicella-zoster virus in human cells. | dna-binding proteins induced by varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were detected by native-and denatured-dna affinity chromatography. eleven dna-binding proteins specific to the infected cells were separated by sds polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page); their molecular weights ranged from 180 x 10(3) to 22 x 10(3). when they were applied to an affinity column coupled with vzv-antibody, a polypeptide with a molecular weight of 34 x 10(3) was predominant on subsequent sds-page. | 1982 | 6307257 |
| antiviral activity of the 3'-amino derivative of (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine. | 3'-nh2-bv-durd, the 3'-amino derivative of (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine, was found to be a potent and selective inhibitor of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) replication. 3'-nh2-bv-durd was about 4-12 times less potent but equally selective in its anti-herpes activity as bv-durd. akin to bv-durd, 3'-nh2-bv-durd was much less inhibitory to herpes simplex virus type 2 than type 1. it was totally inactive against a thymidine kinase-deficient mutant of hsv ... | 1983 | 6307280 |
| a sensitive assay for detection of deoxythymidine kinase and its application to herpesvirus diagnosis. | | 1983 | 6307593 |
| viral antibody screening system that uses a standardized single dilution immunoglobulin g enzyme immunoassay with multiple antigens. | we present an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) system for the simultaneous determination of immunoglobulin g antibodies directed against several viruses. antibodies to up to eight different viruses could be determined for three different sera on one microtitration plate. after subtraction of the absorbance values obtained with the control antigens, the viral antigen absorbancies were expressed as percentages of the absorbance obtained with a pooled immunoglobulin standard. this value, t ... | 1983 | 6308038 |
| molecular cloning of the varicella-zoster virus genome and derivation of six restriction endonuclease maps. | kpni and ssti fragments representing 96% of the varicella-zoster virus genome, including the termini, were cloned in plasmid vector pat153. the clones were used to derive maps of virion dna for ssti, kpni, xhoi, pvuii, ecori and sali by molecular hybridization and restriction endonuclease digestion. | 1983 | 6308138 |
| virological course of herpes zoster in otherwise normal hosts. | the virological course of herpes zoster infection in 42 otherwise normal hosts was studied by virus isolation and antibody titration. varicella-zoster virus (vzv) was isolated from vesicle fluid from all three patients examined on the first day of the vesicular eruption and from five out of six examined on the second day. the isolation rate fell to one out of six patients on the seventh day of illness and vzv was not isolated from patients at a later stage of the illness. igg antibodies were det ... | 1983 | 6308258 |
| viral infection in the renal transplant patient. | with the advances that have occurred over the last two decades in the prevention and treatment of bacterial and fungal infection, viral infection has been recognised as an important problem in renal transplant patients. four groups of viruses--the herpesviruses, hepatitis viruses, papovaviruses, and adenoviruses - appear to have a particular impact on this patient population, especially the first two of these. the effects of these viruses can be categorised as follows: the production of infectio ... | 1983 | 6308602 |
| national case-control study of kaposi's sarcoma and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual men: part 2. laboratory results. | the centers for disease control conducted a case-control study to investigate an outbreak of kaposi's sarcoma and pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in homosexual men. the occurrence of these diseases was found to be associated with certain aspects of lifestyle, including a greater number of male sex partners per year, exposure to feces during sex, history of syphilis and non-b hepatitis, treatment for enteric parasites, and use of various illicit substances. laboratory studies reflected both this l ... | 1983 | 6309049 |
| [preliminary study of an attenuated varicella-zoster vaccine (webster strain) in 27 children without immunologic disorders]. | | 1983 | 6309063 |
| phase i evaluation of 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine in immunosuppressed patients with herpesvirus infection. | 2'-fluoro-5-iodo-1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylcytosine (fiac) is a potent selective inhibitor of the replication of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1, hsv-2), varicella zoster virus, and cytomegalovirus in cell culture systems. fiac produces an unequivocal therapeutic effect in mice that have been inoculated with a lethal burden of hsv-1. we have administered fiac to 32 host compromised patients, 30 with advanced cancer, who were experiencing acute herpesvirus infections (varicella zoster, 2 ... | 1983 | 6309380 |
| defective in vitro antibody production to varicella zoster and other virus antigens in patients with hodgkin's disease. | cultures of blood mononuclear cells stimulated with varicella zoster antigen (vza) produced specific anti-vza antibody in 20 of 27 normal adults but only 10 of 47 patients with treated hodgkin's disease. serum anti-vza antibody levels were the same in normals and patients. the deficiency of in vitro production was found in patients who had been off treatment for 6 or more years and was not related to splenectomy. each of 11 untreated patients had absent in vitro production from blood cells but s ... | 1983 | 6309443 |
| prolonged excretion of herpesvirus varicellae in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. | an eight-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (all) in remission presented with varicella. zoster immune globulin was not given, but treatment with acyclovir was commenced the day after presentation and continued for five days. many of the original vesicles ulcerated and persisted for periods in excess of three months, finally leaving residual scarring. further new vesicles appeared at 80 days and 109 days, and virus was again visualised by electron microscopy. seroconversion was not ... | 1983 | 6309983 |
| immunologic evidence of reinfection with varicella-zoster virus. | resistance to reinfection with varicella-zoster virus (vzv) was evaluated in immune adults who had household exposure to varicella. sixty-four percent of 25 adults exposed to varicella had a fourfold or greater rise in igg antibody to vzv or had a high initial igg antibody titer to vzv that declined by fourfold. igm antibody was detected in only 12% of 25 vzv-immune subjects. seventy percent of 23 subjects exposed to varicella had iga antibody to vzv compared with 13% of 23 subjects with antibod ... | 1983 | 6310001 |
| location and orientation of homologous sequences in the genomes of five herpesviruses. | molecular hybridization experiments were carried out to investigate homologous regions in the genomes of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2), equid herpesvirus 1 (ehv-1), pseudorabies virus (prv) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv). virion dna probes from ehv-1, prv and vzv hybridized to similar regions of the hsv genome, and the use of cloned dna probes allowed heterologous genomes to be oriented with respect to homologous regions. the hsv-1 and hsv-2 genomes are colinear, the ehv ... | 1983 | 6310033 |
| five-year follow-up study of recipients of live varicella vaccine using enhanced neutralization and fluorescent antibody membrane antigen assays. | twenty-six healthy children susceptible to varicella were inoculated with the oka strain of live attenuated varicella vaccine. all of the recipients showed good antibody responses without adverse clinical reactions. the seropositivity rate 5 years after vaccination was 100% by the enhanced neutralization test and 96% by the fluorescent antibody membrane antigen (fama) test. none of the recipients contracted varicella in spite of documented contact exposure. none of the children developed herpes ... | 1983 | 6310478 |
| [simultaneous infection by 2 viruses of the herpesviridae family, herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus]. | | 1983 | 6310541 |
| immunogenicity of wild and attenuated varicella-zoster virus strains in pygmy marmosets. | pygmy marmosets were inoculated with the low-passage parental strain or with the attenuated variant of oka strain of varicella-zoster virus. no clinical signs were observed following inoculation and virus could not be isolated from tissues taken at several times after inoculation. a low-level antibody response developed in all animals. three months after the first inoculation, all animals were challenged with the low-passage parental strain of virus. animals primed originally with the parental s ... | 1983 | 6310621 |
| [in vitro activity of rifamycin sv on herpes simplex and herpes varicella viruses]. | | 1983 | 6310814 |
| the clinical use of intravenous acyclovir. | acyclovir (acycloguanosine) is a new antiviral compound with activity against certain herpes viruses. acyclovir is phosphorylated preferentially in virus-infected cells into its active form, acyclovir triphosphate, an inhibitor of viral-induced dna polymerase. acyclovir, which possesses an acyclic carbohydrate moiety, also causes premature dna chain termination. acyclovir has shown clinical activity against herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 and varicella zoster virus (vzv), but its useful ... | 1983 | 6311503 |
| varicella inclusion bodies in an odontogenic cyst. | | 1983 | 6311880 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for susceptibility to varicella. | nonspecific reactions to the membrane antigen of varicella-zoster virus were found by fluorescent antibody assay in the sera of three children susceptible to the virus; one of these children subsequently developed varicella. none of the three sera, however, contained antibody to varicella-zoster virus that was detectable by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). moreover, the results of the elisa clearly distinguished immune from susceptible individuals. the negative range was established wi ... | 1983 | 6311911 |
| test results encouraging for potential varicella vaccine. | | 1983 | 6312112 |
| ocular viral infections. | the most important viral organisms involving the eye are the dna viruses herpes simplex, varicella-zoster, cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, and vaccinia virus. all of these agents except cmv may cause acute epithelial infection, sterile trophic ulceration due to basement membrane damage, deep corneal stromal immune reaction, and iritis. although there are three excellent antiviral drugs commercially available, only hsv and vaccinia virus are highly sensitive to therapy with these antimetabolites; va ... | 1983 | 6312219 |
| synthesis and processing of glycoproteins of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) as studied with monoclonal antibodies to vzv antigens. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) contains four major glycoproteins designated as gp 1(115k), gp 2(100-80k), gp 3(64k), and gp 5(55k) (k. shiraki, t. okuno, k. yamanishi, and m. takahashi, j. gen. virol. 61, 255-269, 1982). the present studies focused on the synthesis and processing of these glycoproteins using monoclonal antibodies. twenty-seven hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies against vzv proteins have been established. the antibodies were characterized further by radioimmunoprecipitation ... | 1983 | 6312679 |
| purification and molecular anatomy of the varicella-zoster virion. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infected cell cultures were harvested and sonically disrupted when cytopathic effect was advanced. infectious cell-free virus in the sonicates, as well as that in the culture medium, was further concentrated by precipitation with 8% (w/v) polyethylene glycol in the presence of high salinity (0.5 m). the virus-enriched pellet was layered onto 15-45% linear metrizamide gradients and sedimented for 18 h at 70,000 g. of the three visible bands (designated upper, middle a ... | 1983 | 6312957 |
| isolation of drug resistant mutants of varicella-zoster virus: cross resistance of acyclovir resistant mutants with phosphonoacetic acid and bromodeoxyuridine. | mutants of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) which are resistant to phosphonoacetic acid (paa), bromodeoxyuridine (budr), and acyclovir (acv) were obtained by serial passages of vzv with increasing concentrations of these drugs. a paa-resistant mutant and a budr-resistant mutant were found also to be resistant to acv. five of 8 acv-resistant mutants acquired resistance to paa, but none acquired resistance to budr. the budr-resistant mutant did not induce viral thymidine kinase (tk) activity, but all ... | 1983 | 6312958 |
| antibody dependent cellular protection against the cell to cell spread of varicella- zoster virus. | | 1982 | 6313498 |
| detection of varicella-zoster virus-specific iga antibodies in varicella and zoster patients and in healthy adults of various ages by solid-phase radioimmunoassay. | the varicella-zoster virus(vzv)-specific serum immunoglobulin a(iga) response was studied in varicella and zoster patients and in healthy adults of various ages by a sensitive solid-phase radioimmunoassay technique. significant rises in vzv-specific iga titer were found for both varicella and zoster patients, while vzv-specific iga was also detected in greater than 90% of healthy adults but at lower titers. no significant decrease in vzv-specific iga titer with increasing age was found. the role ... | 1983 | 6313543 |
| use of acyclovir for prophylaxis of herpes infections in severely immunocompromised patients. | two consecutive studies are reported. in study 1, 59 patients with acute leukaemia undergoing remission induction therapy or bone marrow transplantation were given either acyclovir (5 mg/kg) or placebo by intravenous infusion twice daily during the period of neutropenia. all patients were seropositive (greater than or equal to 1:8) for herpes simplex virus. acyclovir provided total protection against herpes simplex virus infection in bone marrow transplant patients with 0/10 versus 5/10 infectio ... | 1983 | 6313594 |
| acyclovir therapy of varicella-zoster virus infections in immunocompromised patients. | in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial of intravenous acyclovir in the treatment of varicella zoster virus (vzv) infections, 8 of 20 immunocompromised children with varicella received acyclovir (500 mg/m2/dose three times daily for 7 days). there was no significant difference in skin healing between the acyclovir and placebo groups although there was a significant reduction in the incidence of development of pulmonary involvement during acyclovir treatment. nineteen out of 34 pa ... | 1983 | 6313596 |
| the spectrum of antiviral activities of acyclovir in vitro and in vivo. | in vitro sensitivity data suggest that acyclovir should be effective against clinical manifestations of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, varicella-zoster virus and possibly epstein-barr virus. the clinical potential against herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 is further supported by results in animal models. human cytomegalovirus and the veterinary herpes viruses, with the possible exception of equine herpes virus type 1, may be insufficiently sensitive to be amenable to treatment. | 1983 | 6313598 |
| the biochemistry and mechanism of action of acyclovir. | acyclovir, 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine, is an acyclic nucleoside analogue which has a high activity and selectivity for herpes viruses, particularly herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 and varicella zoster virus. this selectivity is due to the initial activation of the drug by phosphorylation by a herpes virus-specified thymidine kinase. normal cellular enzymes do not phosphorylate acyclovir to any significant degree. acyclovir monophosphate is subsequently converted to a triphosphate whic ... | 1983 | 6313600 |
| effect of sucrose phosphate and sorbitol on infectivity of enveloped viruses during storage. | cytomegalovirus and varicella-zoster virus recovery from sucrose phosphate (0.2 m sp) and 70% sorbitol (sorbitol) was compared after storage at -70, 4, and 20 degrees c over time. recovery from 0.2 m sp was uniformly better. more tissue culture infective doses and infectious foci were recovered in cell monolayers inoculated with 0.2 m sp virus stocks as compared with viruses stored in 70% sorbitol. although both viruses were isolated from diluted fresh stocks (10(-1) through 10(-4], freezing dil ... | 1983 | 6313747 |
| serological investigation of an outbreak of simian varicella in erythrocebus patas monkeys. | an epizootic of simian varicella occurring in a colony of erythrocebus patas monkeys was studied serologically by using radioimmunoassay and neutralization tests against (i) a virus strain isolated from an animal that died during the epizootic, (ii) a simian varicella virus strain from an earlier outbreak of simian varicella-like disease at another facility, and (iii) human varicella-zoster virus. serological tests detected more cases of infection among the animals exposed to virus during the ep ... | 1983 | 6313751 |
| common expression of varicella-zoster viral glycoprotein antigens in vitro and in chickenpox and zoster vesicles. | human cells infected with varicella-zoster virus (vzv) produce at least three major virus-specific, immunogenic glycoproteins: gp118, gp98, and gp62. since glycoproteins gp98 and gp62 were found to be prominent constituents of the infected cell membrane, a murine monoclonal antibody (clone 3b3) that reacted avidly with this glycoprotein complex was selected as a probe for detection of vzv replication in laboratory and clinical settings. cultured cells of human, simian, and caviid origin, when in ... | 1983 | 6313814 |
| pregnancy complicated by herpes zoster. a report of two cases and literature review. | herpes zoster during pregnancy is rare, with only 13 reported cases. although the prognosis is usually favorable, the disease can be associated with congenital malformations. we treated two pregnant women with herpes zoster at 25 and 31 weeks of gestation. the disease was diagnosed clinically and confirmed by serology and virus isolation. both women delivered normal infants with normal development. | 1983 | 6313918 |
| varicella and herpes zoster. changing concepts of the natural history, control, and importance of a not-so-benign virus. | | 1983 | 6314138 |
| serum immunoglobulin a antibody to varicella-zoster virus in subjects with primary varicella and herpes zoster infections and in immune subjects. | immunoglobulin a (iga) antibodies to varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were measured in sera from subjects with acute varicella and herpes zoster, vzv-immune subjects remote from infection, and recipients of a live attenuated varicella vaccine, using a solid-phase radioimmunoassay. primary infection with vzv was associated with early production of iga antibodies. among 36 subjects with varicella tested 1 to 5 days after onset, 22 had detectable iga, and all of the negative sera were obtained before d ... | 1983 | 6315766 |
| in vivo immune restoration in advanced cancer patients after administration of thymosin fraction 5 or thymosin alpha 1. | since patients with advanced cancer are usually immunodeficient, they might benefit from therapy with thymic hormones, which have an immunorestorative effect in immunosuppressed laboratory animals. we treated 14 patients with thymosin fraction 5 (tf5), and 14 patients with thymosin alpha 1 (ta1) over the dose ranges of 60-960 mg/m2 and 0.6-9.6 mg/m2, respectively. in addition to monitoring toxicity, we studied patients extensively using a variety of lymphocyte cell surface markers and in vitro f ... | 1983 | 6315897 |
| incomplete growth of varicella-zoster virus in human monocytes. | infection of human peripheral blood monocytes by varicella-zoster virus (vzv) was investigated. when freshly isolated monocytes of young adult volunteers were infected with cell-free vzv and examined by indirect immunofluorescence, specific antigens appeared at 8 hr and the number of antigen-positive cells reached the maximum between 24 and 48 hr postinfection. the proportion of antigen-positive cells to total cells was similar to that of the permissive control (hela cells), while very few infec ... | 1983 | 6316116 |
| varicella-zoster virus dna in human sensory ganglia. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) causes chickenpox and shingles. clinical and epidemiological evidence indicates that following an episode of childhood chickenpox (varicella), vzv becomes latent, presumably in dorsal root ganglia, and is reactivated many years later to produce shingles (zoster) in adults. vzv has been demonstrated in ganglia by electron microscopy and by indirect immunofluorescence, and infectious viral particles have been isolated from acutely infected ganglia of patients who died ... | 1983 | 6316159 |
| expanded guidelines for use of varicella-zoster immune globulin. | | 1983 | 6316247 |
| [varicella vaccine]. | | 1983 | 6316658 |
| antibodies against herpesviruses in patients with hodgkin's disease. | the antibody titres to epstein-barr virus (ebv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex virus (hsv) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were determined in 57 adult patients with hodgkin's disease and a group of age- and sex-matched controls. in the group of patients, the geometric mean antibody titres to ebv capsid antigen, cmv early and late antigens, and also vzv, were significantly higher than in the healthy controls. antibodies to early antigens of ebv and cmv were found more commonly in patient ... | 1983 | 6316868 |
| multiple sclerosis: subclasses of intrathecally synthesized igg and measles and varicella zoster virus igg antibodies. | paired samples of serum and concentrated cerebrospinal fluid (csf) from 20 multiple sclerosis (ms) patients and 10 controls with no central nervous system disease were electrofocused and analysed for igg and measles and varicella zoster virus igg antibodies by imprint immunofixation using igg subclass specific monoclonal antibodies. all but one of the ms patients had intrathecally synthesized bands of oligoclonal igg in the csf. in fifteen of the ms patients the oligoclonal igg bands were restri ... | 1983 | 6317243 |
| specific igg and iga antibodies to herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus in acute peripheral facial palsy patients. | the role of herpes simplex virus (hsv) and varicella zoster virus (vzv) in acute peripheral facial palsy (apfp) was evaluated in 153 patients. the sera of patients were examined for igg and iga antibodies to hsv and vzv by the immunoperoxidase antibody-membrane antigen (ipama) technique. the prevalence of igg and iga seropositivity to hsv was significantly higher in the apfp patients than in the matched control group. no significant difference was found in the geometric mean titer (gmt) to hsv a ... | 1983 | 6317798 |
| viremic phase in nonimmunocompromised children with varicella. | | 1984 | 6317835 |
| zoster immunoglobulin in varicella prophylaxis. a study among high-risk patients. | the efficacy of zoster immunoglobulin (zig) in preventing varicella was studied among patients in a high-risk group. 173 non-immune patients were observed after exposure to varicella-zoster (vz) virus and subsequent administration of zig. for 138 patients (80%) no sign of varicella was recorded, 16 patients (9%) had a subclinical infection and 19 patients (11%) developed varicella. 12/19 patients with varicella contracted a very mild disease (less than 20 pocks, negligible fever), 5 got mild or ... | 1983 | 6318302 |
| failure to demonstrate concomitant antibody changes to viral antigens other than epstein-barr virus (ebv) during or after infectious mononucleosis. | a search for antibody rises to viral antigens other than to epstein-barr virus, the causative agent, has been carried out in serial serum samples from 82 patients with infectious mononucleosis (im). fourfold or greater rises in titer rarely occurred and did did not cluster in time. no rises occurred to cytomegalovirus, only 1.2 percent to herpes simplex virus, and 8.5 percent to varicella zoster virus. rises to measles antibody were found in 7.5 percent of patients and to rubella in 10.4 percent ... | 1983 | 6318461 |
| chickenpox virus. | | 1983 | 6318539 |
| varicella-zoster antibody titers in children with leukemia and lymphoma. relationship of titer to varicella-zoster infection. | serum varicella-zoster (vz) antibody titers were determined by a simple, indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique in 50 children with leukemia or non-hodgkin's lymphoma. sixteen children had initial antibody titers that were not detectable at a serum dilution of 1:8 and were considered to be susceptible to varicella. thirty-one patients had initial serum vz antibody titers of 1:16 or greater, while three had levels of 1:8. the serum antibody titer was 1:8 or greater in 16 children with a hi ... | 1984 | 6318551 |
| varicella vaccine. | | 1983 | 6319324 |
| transfer of viral antibodies from mother to infant. | antibody titers to epstein-barr virus (ebv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1, varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and rubella virus (rv) were determined in maternal and in newborn cord sera in 258 consecutive deliveries. infants born with one or more of the following risk factors--weight less than 2.5 kg, apgar score less than 7, clinical jaundice, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, birth defects and respiratory distress syndrome--were considered to be at risk. similar geometric ... | 1983 | 6319326 |
| clinical and virological observations in childhood hodgkin's disease in israel. | antibody levels to epstein-barr virus (ebv), cytomegalovirus (cmv), herpes simplex virus (hsv) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) were determined in children with hodgkin's disease (hd) before therapy, as well as in healthy, age-matched controls. included were 21 israeli-born children, aged 2.5 to 14.5 years: 13 jews whose parents were of african-asian origin, 1 jew whose parents were of european origin, and 7 arabs. most of them were from large families (average 5.5 children per family) and low s ... | 1983 | 6319327 |
| class-specific antibody responses to early and late antigens of varicella and herpes simplex viruses. | antibody responses to early antigens of varicella-zoster virus (vzv), simian varicella virus, and herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) were studied in primary, secondary, and latent infections. igg antibody responses to the early antigens occurred in primary and secondary vzv and hsv infections, and antibodies to early antigens were also demonstrable in healthy individuals with latent vzv and hsv infections, indicating that the presence of antibodies to early antigens cannot be t ... | 1984 | 6319583 |
| detection of varicella-zoster virus by dot-blot hybridization using a molecularly cloned viral dna probe. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv) infection can be definitively diagnosed by isolation of virus in cell culture, a process that usually takes 7-14 days. in order to facilitate the more rapid detection of this virus, we developed a technique for hybridization of dna from clinical specimens using an in vitro-labeled mixture of cloned fragments of vzv dna as a probe. the assay can be completed in 36-48 hr and can be successfully carried out in the range of 10 pg to 10 ng of viral dna. in analyses of 38 ... | 1984 | 6319586 |
| varicella-zoster virus-specific gp140: a highly immunogenic and disulfide-linked structural glycoprotein. | a 140,000-dalton disulfide-linked glycoprotein (gp140) specified by varicella-zoster virus (vzv) in infected cultured cells was identified and precipitated by two murine monoclonal antibodies (vz-151 and vz-158). when analyzed under reducing conditions by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, gp140 was cleaved predominantly into a 66,000 lower-molecular-weight product (gp66). this protein was classified as a viral structural component, since it was observed in the polypeptid ... | 1984 | 6320530 |
| severe protracted disseminated varicella. | | 1984 | 6320693 |
| severe protracted disseminated varicella. part 2. | | 1984 | 6320694 |
| [antibody movement against bk and herpes viruses and cytomegalovirus in kidney transplants]. | | 1982 | 6320705 |
| early interactions between human cytomegalovirus and cells. | adsorption of cytomegalovirus (cmv) to human fibroblasts was not inhibited by preincubation with other herpes viruses (hsv-1, hsv-2, vzv). transport of virus to the nucleus was studied using virus labelled with 3h-thymidine. radioactivity was found in the nucleus 20 minutes after virus had been added to the cells. in order to assess the expression of the virus genome, synthesis of early (ea) and late (la) antigens was studied. assayed on permissive human lung fibroblasts, a plaque purified virus ... | 1984 | 6320772 |
| disseminated varicella at autopsy in children with cancer. | the autopsies of seven patients with disseminated varicella were reviewed. six patients had acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) and the seventh had hodgkin's disease. all the patients were on chemotherapy at the time of commencement of their varicella rash, and at autopsy only the patient with hodgkin's disease had residual tumor. the typical anatomic lesion of varicella was one of focal necrosis (often hemorrhagic) with eosinophilic intranuclear (cowdry type-a) inclusions. in fatal disseminated ... | 1984 | 6321008 |
| dna sequence of the us component of the varicella-zoster virus genome. | the linear duplex dna molecule of varicella-zoster virus is 120 000 bp in size and has the sequence arrangement ul-irs-us-trs, where ul and us are unique sequences and irs and trs are inverted repeats flanking us. the primary structure of the cloned ssti g dna fragment containing us (5232 bp) and adjacent portions of irs and trs (426 bp of each) was determined, and the following model for genetic expression was derived from an analysis of the sequence. the region specifies four mrnas encoding pr ... | 1983 | 6321154 |
| rapid and direct detection of herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus antigens in clinical specimens by staphylococcal reagent and membrane filtration. | herpes simplex virus was detected rapidly and directly in 31 and varicella-zoster virus in two of 50 clinical specimens using specific antisera, stabilized staphylococci rich in protein a and membrane filtration. microscopical examination of the cells retained on the filter membrane revealed attached staphylococci only on cells harbouring viral antigens but not on non-infected cells or cells from healthy donors. infected cells treated with negative control sera and stabilized staphylococci and s ... | 1983 | 6321167 |
| variation in the structure of varicella-zoster virus dna. | by analyzing the fine structure of varicella-zoster virus (vzv) dna, a naturally occurring heterogeneity was found on the right end of vzv dna, but no evidence of a true terminal repetition was uncovered. we were unable to confirm the report of straus and co-workers (1981) that there is a relatively high frequency of circular vzv dna in low-passage virus. on long-term cell passage, extensive heterogeneity appeared concomitant with the accumulation of apparently defective vzv dna. | 1984 | 6321392 |
| clinical reinfection with varicella-zoster virus. | eight patients became clinically reinfected with varicella-zoster virus despite the presence of specific antibody in the blood three days to six months before the onset of illness. one patient had had varicella previously; a second had been immunized with live, attenuated varicella vaccine 10 months earlier. while it was suspected that these patients experienced a reactivation of latent virus that caused atypical disseminated zoster rather than varicella, detailed study of the vaccinated child s ... | 1984 | 6321605 |
| glycoprotein gp118 of varicella-zoster virus: purification by serial affinity chromatography. | glycoprotein gp118, one of the major glycosylated proteins specified by varicella-zoster virus, is biologically of great importance since it possesses an epitope which elicits a complement-independent neutralizing antibody response. to purify this glycoprotein from a nonidet-solubilized extract of varicella-zoster virus-infected cells, we examined its affinity to a variety of ligands, including two lectins--concanavalin a and lens culinaris, cibacron blue and heparin, and finally an immunoadsorb ... | 1984 | 6321779 |
| varicella-zoster virus infection in pregnancy. | | 1984 | 6322232 |
| structure of the genome of equine herpesvirus type 3. | restriction endonuclease mapping studies were performed to determine the molecular structure of the genome of equine herpesvirus type 3 (ehv-3). purified ehv-3 dna, either unlabeled or 32p-labeled, was analyzed using the restriction enzymes bamhi, bcli, bglii, ecori, and hindiii. the findings that four 0.5 m (molar) fragments were present, that two of these were terminal fragments, and that all 0.5 m fragments contained homologous dna sequences as judged by dna hybridization analyses indicated t ... | 1984 | 6322418 |
| susceptibility to varicella virus of certain adults in the southeastern united states. | the serologic status of 76 adults was determined to evaluate their immunity to the varicella virus. previous reports indicate that 92% to 98% of the adult population develop this immunity. our experience with nosocomial varicella infection in two hospital employees suggested that more adults in this subtropical region may be susceptible to varicella infection. three (7.1%) adults with a definite history of varicella had a positive indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) test. twenty-eight (72%) of 3 ... | 1984 | 6322621 |
| the challenge of herpesviruses. | | 1984 | 6322975 |
| newer vaccines--a review. | | 1983 | 6323310 |
| improving the varicella-zoster virus: igg radioimmunoassay procedure by the use of purified antigen. | the indirect radioimmunoassay (ria) for detecting and assaying igg class antibodies against varicella-zoster virus (vzv) can be improved by simple purification of the viral antigen. this is achieved by reducing binding to cellular components present in crude antigens. the purified antigen is particularly useful for testing sera that either bind excessively to normal control antigen or give equivocal results when crude antigens are used. | 1984 | 6323503 |
| enzyme immunoassay for antibodies to membrane associated antigen of varicella zoster virus. | an in situ enzyme immunoassay to viral membrane antigen was developed to enable the specific estimation of antibodies to varicella zoster (vz) virus. the technique was compared with a modified fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (fama) procedure and with the complement fixation (cf) test by parallel assay of 352 plasma samples. the enzyme immunoassay (eia) procedure showed very good correlation with the modified fama procedure, and both were far more specific than the cf test. this specific ... | 1984 | 6323506 |
| physical maps of varicella-zoster virus dna derived with 11 restriction enzymes. | varicella-zoster virus dna was digested with 11 restriction endonucleases, and the resulting fragments were separated on agarose gels. terminal fragments were identified by lambda exonuclease digestion. physical maps were then constructed using a combination of double restriction enzyme digestion and hybridization to cloned bamhi fragments to place the remaining fragments in order. | 1984 | 6323760 |
| [ramsey hunt syndrome]. | | 1983 | 6323932 |
| varicella vaccine trials in healthy children. a summary of comparative and follow-up studies. | beginning in 1979, oka and kmcc strains of varicella zoster virus (vzv) vaccine were administered to 369 healthy seronegative children in a sequence of ten comparative clinical trials. postimmunization clinical reactivity was minimal with the oka vaccines but was unacceptably high (32%) with the kmcc passage-40 vaccine. ninety-three percent to 100% immunogenicity was noted by fluorescent antibody assay and in vitro lymphocyte proliferation to vzv antigens. follow-up studies demonstrated persiste ... | 1984 | 6324570 |
| varicella zoster antibody titers after the administration of intravenous immune serum globulin or varicella zoster immune globulin. | varicella is a serious infection in the immunocompromised patient. prophylaxis with varicella zoster immune globulin is known to decrease the incidence of severe varicella infection. the titers of antibody to varicella zoster virus were compared in patients who received either varicella zoster immune globulin or intravenous immune globulin, 4 ml or 6 ml/kg per dose. the titers of antibody to varicella zoster virus were comparable in each group. | 1984 | 6324585 |
| detection of herpes simplex virus in clinical specimens by dna hybridization. | an assay to detect herpes simplex virus (hsv) dna in clinical specimens has been developed. it utilizes nucleic acid hybridization with a 32p-labeled dna probe prepared from a fragment of hsv dna cloned in a plasmid vector. this assay can detect 5 x 10(4) plaque-forming units of cell-free hsv and as few as four virus-infected cells. the assay has a sensitivity of 78% and a specificity of 100% compared to virus culture for the detection of hsv in swab specimens from genital lesions. no hybridizat ... | 1983 | 6325080 |
| live attenuated varicella virus vaccine. efficacy trial in healthy children. | we conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled efficacy trial of the live attenuated oka/merck varicella vaccine among 956 children between the ages of 1 and 14 years, with a negative clinical history of varicella. of the 914 children who were serologically confirmed to be susceptible to varicella, 468 received vaccine and 446 received placebo. the vaccine produced few clinical reactions and was well tolerated. there was no clinical evidence of viral spread from vaccinated children to sibling c ... | 1984 | 6325909 |
| varicella vaccine: decisions a little nearer. | | 1984 | 6325911 |
| the diagnostic value of varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-specific antibodies in the early phase of varicella in immunocompromized children. | varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-specific antibodies were tested by indirect membrane immunofluorescent technique in sera of 32 immunocompromized children during the first week after onset of varicella. vzv-specific igm antibodies were found in sera of all but four patients. three of the four igm negative patients were followed up, and it was demonstrated that all of them gave a retarded antibody response. they had severe leukopenia and had several relapses of their vzv-infection. the results indica ... | 1983 | 6326459 |
| varicella-zoster immune globulin for the prevention of chickenpox. recommendations of the immunization practices advisory committee, centers for disease control. | this is the first statement by the immunization practices advisory committee on the use of varicella-zoster immune globulin ( vzig ). prior recommendations have been made by the manufacturer in cooperation with the centers for disease control and approved by the office of biologics, national center for drugs and biologics, u.s. food and drug administration. because of exceedingly limited supplies, vzig use has been restricted to proven high-risk individuals--for prophylaxis against chickenpox in ... | 1984 | 6326634 |