| An Hcp100 gene fragment reveals Histoplasma capsulatum presence in lungs of Tadarida brasiliensis migratory bats. | SUMMARYHistoplasma capsulatum was sampled in lungs from 87 migratory Tadarida brasiliensis bats captured in Mexico (n=66) and Argentina (n=21). The fungus was screened by nested-PCR using a sensitive and specific Hcp100 gene fragment. This molecular marker was detected in 81·6% [95% confidence interval (CI) 73·4-89·7] of all bats, representing 71 amplified bat lung DNA samples. Data showed a T. brasiliensis infection rate of 78·8% (95% CI 68·9-88·7) in bats captured in Mexico and of 90·4% (95% C ... | 2011 | 22152724 |
| histoplasmosis. | histoplasmosis is the most commonly diagnosed major systemic mycosis in dogs and the second most commonly reported fungal infection in cats. the causative organism, histoplasma capsulatum, is endemic in 31 of the 48 contiguous us states and has a worldwide distribution. histoplasma organisms enter the body via inhalation or, possibly, ingestion. they are phagocytized by macrophages and can be disseminated via the bloodstream or lymphatic system to the reticuloendothelial and gastrointestinal (gi ... | 2011 | 21870349 |
| [fungemia in hospitals of the city of buenos aires, argentina.] | background: the incidence of fungi like pathogens in hospitals varies by regions. objectives: our goals were not only to record the incidence and etiology of fungaemia, but also the change during the 4 years analysed, to determine the time of detection in automated blood culture and by lysis-centrifugation, and finally to assess the gender, age and underlying disease of the patients with fungaemia. methods: an observational multicentre study of fungaemia was conducted in hospitals in the mycolog ... | 2011 | 22120499 |
| disease transmission from companion parrots to dogs and cats: what is the real risk? | a number of common misconceptions exist regarding the degree of transmission from companion parrots to dogs and cats. concern regarding bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic transmission is generally unfounded, because disease transmission between companion parrots and dogs and cats is not well-documented. infections with mycobacterium spp, aspergillus spp, giardia spp, chlamydophila psittaci, salmonella spp, yersinia pseudotuberculosis, cryptococcus neoformans, histoplasma capsulatum, cryptos ... | 2011 | 22041215 |
| Imported acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related histoplasmosis in metropolitan France: a comparison of pre-highly active anti-retroviral therapy and highly active anti-retroviral therapy eras. | Histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum infection is rare outside disease-endemic areas. Clinical presentation and outcome of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related histoplasmosis are unknown in non-endemic areas with wide access to highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). Retrospective analysis of cases recorded at the French National Reference Center for Mycoses and Antifungals during two decades: pre-HAART (1985-1994) and HAART (1997-2006). Clinical features and outcome of all adults ... | 2011 | 22049053 |
| ccr5 deficiency mitigates the deleterious effects of tumor necrosis factor α antagonism in murine histoplasmosis. | in murine histoplasmosis, tumor necrosis factor α (tnf-α) antagonism increases the number of regulatory t cells (tregs) in lungs, and these cells profoundly hinder protective immunity. because ccr5 mediates treg homing and proliferation, we determined the outcome of antagonizing tnf-α in ccr5(-/)(-) mice infected with histoplasma capsulatum. the absence of ccr5 attenuated the severity of infection associated with tnf-α neutralization. infected controls given anti-tnf-α had a 10-fold increase in ... | 2012 | 22271672 |
| isolated histoplasma capsulatum meningoencephalitis in an immunocompetent child. | histoplasmosis with central nervous system involvement typically arises in the immunocompromised patient with disseminated fungal disease. rarely, neurologic histoplasmosis may arise as an isolated syndrome in immunocompetent individuals without evidence of general dissemination. the disease often is diagnostically challenging, and a high index of suspicion is required for diagnosis. we describe an immunocompetent 13-year-old girl with atypical symptoms and unusual radiologic findings due to lab ... | 2012 | 22241715 |
| [fatal miliary tuberculosis in an hiv-infected cameroon woman: disseminated histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum capsulatum]. | the purpose of this report is to describe the first cameroonian case of disseminated histoplasmosis due to histoplasma capsulatum capsulatum in association with hiv infection. the patient was a 34-year-old hiv1 infected woman. diagnosis of histoplamosis was made in post-mortem. the similarity of the clinical symptoms with disseminated tuberculosis makes diagnosis of mycosis difficult. active and effective care of histoplasmosis is urgently necessary for the hiv infected persons. | 2011 | 22393632 |
| bilateral adrenal histoplasmosis: endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration as a method of diagnosis and assessment. | we report a case of a healthy 78-year-old indonesian man who presented with chronic weight loss, poor appetite and lethargy. ct abdomen showed bilateral adrenal masses. eus-guided fna was performed on the left adrenal gland. histopathology report was histoplasma capsulatum. he recovered well with antifungal treatment without any complication. in this case, we found that the role of eus -guided fna was not only limited to diagnosis but also helped in the prognosis of the disease since the method ... | 2011 | 22390113 |
| adrenal histoplasmosis: a case series and review of the literature. | adrenal histoplasmosis is an uncommon mycotic disease typically caused by histoplasma capsulatum. the objective was to determine the clinicopathological findings in adrenal histoplasmosis. pathological records were searched from the database at the department of pathology, faculty of medicine ramathibodi hospital, mahidol university from 1993 to 2008 for cases of adrenal histoplasmosis. the keywords were "histoplasmosis" and "adrenal gland". adrenal histoplasmosis was diagnosed by histopathology ... | 2011 | 22299474 |
| genetic diversity of histoplasma capsulatum isolated from infected bats randomly captured in mexico, brazil, and argentina, using the polymorphism of (ga)(n) microsatellite and its flanking regions. | the genetic diversity of 47 histoplasma capsulatum isolates from infected bats captured in mexico, brazil, and argentina was studied, using sequence polymorphism of a 240-nucleotides (nt) fragment, which includes the (ga)(n) length microsatellite and its flanking regions within the hsp60 gene. three human clinical strains were used as geographic references. based on phylogenetic analyses of 240-nt fragments achieved, the relationships among h. capsulatum isolates were resolved using neighbour-jo ... | 2011 | 22289776 |
| [histoplasmosis updating]. | histoplasmosis, an infection caused by the fungus histoplasma capsulatum, has been reported all over the world and is considered endemic in the american continent, including cuba. this fungus grows on the soils contaminated with bird and bat excreta, where it produces a great number of microconidia that could cause the infection when they are inhaled. the clinical spectrum varies from asymptomatic infections to serious disseminated diseases involving one or many organ systems and affects mainly ... | 2011 | 23444607 |
| isolation of histoplasma capsulatum and blastomyces dermatitidis from iraqi patients with lower respiratory tract infections. | one hundred and fifty immunocompetent and 150 presumably immunocompromised patients suffering from lower respiratory tract infections were enrolled in this study. the clinical specimens were collected from april 2007 to june 2008 and included sputum (247), bronchial wash (80), and blood (300) samples. the identification process employed direct examination, culture, conversion test, and serological study. among 218 fungal isolates only six were categorized as true pathogenic fungi; two histoplasm ... | 2011 | 23610487 |
| acute systemic histoplasmosis associated with chorioretinitis in an immunocompetent adolescent. | histoplasmosis is an endemic, systemic mycosis caused by the dimorphic fungus histoplasma capsulatum. a minority of patients develop asymptomatic chorioretinitis known as presumed ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (pohs), which is typically associated with chorioretinal scarring and peripapillary atrophy and occasionally with choroidal neovascularization secondary to maculopathy. we report a case of acute severe bilateral chorioretinitis associated with disseminated h. capsulatum in an immunocompet ... | 2011 | 23362391 |
| histoplasmosis in india: truly uncommon or uncommonly recognised? | to study the clinical profile of patients with proven histoplasmosis who had presented to a tertiary care referral centre. | 2012 | 23777021 |
| evaluation of berries of phytolacca dodecandra for growth inhibition of histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum and treatment of cases of epizootic lymphangitis in ethiopia. | to evaluate the berries of phytolacca dodecandra (p. dodecandra) for its effect on histoplasma capsulatum var. farciminosum (hcf) and for the treatment of cases of epizootic lymphangitis (el). | 2012 | 23569960 |
| disseminated histoplasmosis in a juvenile lupus erythematosus patient. | histoplasmosis is an infection caused by dimorphic fungus, histoplasma capsulatum, and it has not been reported in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jsle) patients, particularly progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (pdh) subtype. | 2012 | 23348119 |
| spectrum of t-dna integrations for insertional mutagenesis of histoplasma capsulatum. | agrobacterium-mediated transformation is being increasingly used for insertional mutagenesis of fungi. to better evaluate its effectiveness as a mutagen for the fungal pathogen histoplasma capsulatum, we analyzed a collection of randomly selected t-dna insertion mutants. testing of different t-dna element vectors engineered for transformation of fungi showed that pbht2 provides the highest transformation efficiency and the lowest rate of vector backbone carryover. sixty-eight individual t-dna in ... | 2012 | 23332832 |
| a 20-year-old woman with headache and transient numbness. | | 2013 | 23983894 |
| cr3 and dectin-1 collaborate in macrophage cytokine response through association on lipid rafts and activation of syk-jnk-ap-1 pathway. | collaboration between heterogeneous pattern recognition receptors (prrs) leading to synergistic coordination of immune response is important for the host to fight against invading pathogens. although complement receptor 3 (cr3) and dectin-1 are major prrs to detect fungi, crosstalk between these two receptors in antifungal immunity is largely undefined. here we took advantage of histoplasma capsulatum which is known to interact with both cr3 and dectin-1 and specific particulate ligands to study ... | 2015 | 26132276 |
| histoplasma capsulatum-induced cytokine secretion in lung epithelial cells is dependent on host integrins, src-family kinase activation, and membrane raft recruitment. | histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum is a dimorphic fungus that causes histoplasmosis, a human systemic mycosis with worldwide distribution. in the present work, we demonstrate that h. capsulatum yeasts are able to induce cytokine secretion by the human lung epithelial cell line a549 in integrin- and src-family kinase (sfk)-dependent manners. this conclusion is supported by small interfering rna (sirna) directed to α3 and α5 integrins, and pp2, an inhibitor of sfk activation. sirna and pp2 red ... | 2016 | 27148251 |
| extracellular superoxide dismutase protects histoplasma yeast cells from host-derived oxidative stress. | in order to establish infections within the mammalian host, pathogens must protect themselves against toxic reactive oxygen species produced by phagocytes of the immune system. the fungal pathogen histoplasma capsulatum infects both neutrophils and macrophages but the mechanisms enabling histoplasma yeasts to survive in these phagocytes have not been fully elucidated. we show that histoplasma yeasts produce a superoxide dismutase (sod3) and direct it to the extracellular environment via n-termin ... | 2012 | 22615571 |
| histoplasma capsulatum depends on de novo vitamin biosynthesis for intraphagosomal proliferation. | during infection of the mammalian host, histoplasma capsulatum yeasts survive and reside within macrophages of the immune system. whereas some intracellular pathogens escape into the host cytosol, histoplasma yeasts remain within the macrophage phagosome. this intracellular histoplasma-containing compartment imposes nutritional challenges for yeast growth and replication. we identified and annotated vitamin synthesis pathways encoded in the histoplasma genome and confirmed by growth in minimal m ... | 2014 | 24191299 |
| hyphal and yeast forms of histoplasma capsulatum growing within 5 days in an automated bacterial blood culture system. | | 2012 | 22649016 |
| histoplasma capsulatum surmounts obstacles to intracellular pathogenesis. | the fungal pathogen histoplasma capsulatum causes respiratory and disseminated disease, even in immunocompetent hosts. in contrast to opportunistic pathogens, which are readily controlled by phagocytic cells, h. capsulatum yeasts are able to infect macrophages, survive antimicrobial defenses, and proliferate as an intracellular pathogen. in this review, we discuss some of the molecular mechanisms that enable h. capsulatum yeasts to overcome obstacles to intracellular pathogenesis. h. capsulatum ... | 2015 | 26235362 |
| redundant catalases detoxify phagocyte reactive oxygen and facilitate histoplasma capsulatum pathogenesis. | histoplasma capsulatum is a respiratory pathogen that infects phagocytic cells. the mechanisms allowing histoplasma to overcome toxic reactive oxygen molecules produced by the innate immune system are an integral part of histoplasma's ability to survive during infection. to probe the contribution of histoplasma catalases in oxidative stress defense, we created and analyzed the virulence defects of mutants lacking catb and catp, which are responsible for extracellular and intracellular catalase a ... | 2013 | 23589579 |
| compartmentalized histoplasma capsulatum infection of the central nervous system. | background. histoplasmosis is a common fungal infection in the southeastern, mid-atlantic, and central states; however, its presentation can be atypical. case presentation. we report a case of histoplasma capsulatum infection presenting as slowly progressive weakness in the lower extremities, followed by the development of numbness below the midthoracic area, urinary incontinence, and slurred speech. brain mri showed leptomeningeal enhancement, predominantly linear, involving the basal cisterns, ... | 2015 | 26199770 |
| agrobacterium-mediated insertional mutagenesis in histoplasma capsulatum. | genome-wide mutagenesis is a powerful method for identifying new genes that contribute to a phenotype of interest. for many fungal pathogens of plants and animals, agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation (atmt) serves as an efficient insertional mutagen. in histoplasma capsulatum, the t-dna element transferred by agrobacterium stably integrates into the genome, and the majority of mutants contain single copies of the inserted sequence. the t-dna sequence facilitates the determination o ... | 2012 | 22328367 |
| maldi-tof mass spectrometry for rapid identification of clinical fungal isolates based on ribosomal protein biomarkers. | this study aimed to evaluate the identification of clinical fungal isolates (yeast and molds) by protein profiling using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof/ms). a total of 125 clinical fungal culture isolates (yeast and filamentous fungi) were collected. the test set included 88 yeast isolates (candida albicans, candida glabrata, candida guilliermondii, candida kefyr, candida krusei, candida parapsilosis, candida rugosa, candida tropicalis and ... | 2015 | 25541362 |
| fungal endocarditis observed over an 8-year period and a review of the literature. | fungal endocarditis (fe) is a "modern" disease that is considered an emerging cause of infective endocarditis (ie). the most frequently identified fungal pathogens are candida spp., which are responsible for up to two-thirds of all cases; the remaining cases are due to aspergillus spp., histoplasma capsulatum or, more rarely, other yeasts and moulds. | 2014 | 24965217 |
| enhancing melting curve analysis for the discrimination of loop-mediated isothermal amplification products from four pathogenic molds: use of inorganic pyrophosphatase and its effect in reducing the variance in melting temperature values. | loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) is widely used for differentiating causative agents in infectious diseases. melting curve analysis (mca) in conjunction with the lamp method reduces both the labor required to conduct an assay and contamination of the products. however, two factors influence the melting temperature (tm) of lamp products: an inconsistent concentration of mg(2+) ion due to the precipitation of mg2p2o7, and the guanine-cytosine (gc) content of the starting dumbbell-like ... | 2017 | 27984058 |
| human fungal pathogens: why should we learn? | human fungal pathogens that cause invasive infections are hidden killers, taking lives of one and a half million people every year. however, research progress in this field has not been rapid enough to effectively prevent or treat life-threatening fungal diseases. to update recent research progress and promote more active research in the field of human fungal pathogens, eleven review articles concerning the virulence mechanisms and host interactions of four major human fungal pathogens-candida a ... | 2016 | 26920875 |
| cell wall proteome of pathogenic fungi. | a fast development of a wide variety of proteomic techniques supported by mass spectrometry coupled with high performance liquid chromatography has been observed in recent years. it significantly contributes to the progress in research on the cell wall, very important part of the cells of pathogenic fungi. this complicated structure composed of different polysaccharides, proteins, lipids and melanin, plays a key role in interactions with the host during infection. changes in the set of the surfa ... | 2015 | 26192771 |
| fungal pathogens: survival and replication within macrophages. | the innate immune system is a critical line of defense against pathogenic fungi. macrophages act at an early stage of infection, detecting and phagocytizing infectious propagules. to avoid killing at this stage, fungal pathogens use diverse strategies ranging from evasion of uptake to intracellular parasitism. this article will discuss five of the most important human fungal pathogens (candida albicans, aspergillus fumigatus, cryptococcus neoformans, coccidiodes immitis, and histoplasma capsulat ... | 2014 | 25384769 |
| dual localization of mdj1 in pathogenic fungi varies with growth temperature. | paracoccidioides brasiliensis and p. lutzii are temperature-dependent dimorphic fungi that cause paracoccidioidomycosis (pcm). previously, we characterized the pbmdj1 gene. this gene encodes p. brasiliensis chaperone mdj1, which in yeast is a mitochondrial member of the j-domain family, whose main function is to regulate cognate hsp70 activities. we produced rabbit polyclonal antibody antirecombinant pbmdj1 (rpbmdj1), which labeled the protein not only in mitochondria but also at the cell wall o ... | 2014 | 24577000 |
| highlights in pathogenic fungal biofilms. | a wide variety of fungi have demonstrated the ability to colonize surfaces and form biofilms. most studies on fungal biofilms have focused on candida albicans and more recently, several authors have reported the involvement of other genera of yeasts and candida species, as well as of filamentous fungi in the formation of biofilms, including: cryptococcus neoformans, cryptococcus gattii, rhodotorula species, aspergillus fumigatus, malassezia pachydermatis, histoplasma capsulatum, paracoccidioides ... | 2014 | 24252828 |
| vea1 is required for cleistothecial formation and virulence in histoplasma capsulatum. | histoplasma capsulatum is a pathogenic fungus dependent on dimorphism for virulence. among the four described velvet family genes, two of them, ryp2 and ryp3, have been shown to be required for dimorphism. it is known that velvet a (vea) is necessary for sexual development and toxin production in aspergillus nidulans. however, the role of the vea ortholog in h. capsulatum has not yet been explored. vea1, h. capsulatum homolog of vea, was studied to determine its role in cleistothecial formation, ... | 2012 | 22841690 |
| molecular identification of fungal pathogens in nodular skin lesions of cats. | in a retrospective study, we investigated 52 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (ffpe) samples from cats with histologically confirmed cutaneous and subcutaneous mycoses to determine if the pathogens could be identified by molecular methods. aim of the study was to obtain a deep understanding of the spectrum of infectious agents, which, as we hypothesized, was not available by histopathology alone. detection of feline and fungal dna was achieved in 92.3% and 94.2% of the samples, respectively. mo ... | 2015 | 25550386 |
| [role of infectious agents in the emergence of malignant tumors]. | according to the data of the international agency for research on cancer (iarc), at least 6 virus species (hpv, ebv, hhv-8/kshv, htlv-1, hbv, hcv), 4 helminthes species (schistosoma haematobium and japonicum, opisthorchis viverrini, clonorchis sinensis) and i bacterium species (helicobacter pylori) have been proved to be capable of causing the development of cancer. the analysis of the data available shows that merkel cell polyomavirus (mcv), herpes simplex virus (hsv), john cunningham polyomavi ... | 2012 | 23163048 |
| digestive tract mycobiota: a source of infection. | the human mycobiome includes 390 fungal species detected on the skin, in the vagina, in the oral cavity, and in the digestive tract that includes 335 species and 158 genera. among these, 221 species are found only in the digestive tract, 88 only in the oral cavity, and 26 in both. these species belong to 126 genera of yeast and filamentous fungi, of the ascomycota, basidiomycota, and zygomycota phyla. forty species were identified only by culture, 188 species by molecular techniques, and 19 spec ... | 2015 | 25684583 |
| usefulness of lymphoid granulomatous inflammation culture obtained by endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in a fungal endemic area. | endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (ebus-tbna) is the procedure of choice for the evaluation of mediastinal/hilar lymph node enlargements. granulomatous inflammation of the mediastinal/hilar lymph nodes is often identified on routine histology. in addition, mediastinal lymphadenopathy may be present with undiagnosed infection. we sought to determine the usefulness of routine cultures and histology for infectious etiologies in a fungal endemic area when granulomatous ... | 2017 | 27503156 |
| a conserved dimorphism-regulating histidine kinase controls the dimorphic switching in paracoccidioides brasiliensis. | paracoccidioides brasiliensis and p. lutzii, thermally dimorphic fungi, are the causative agents of paracoccidioidomycosis (pcm). paracoccidioides infection occurs when conidia or mycelium fragments are inhaled by the host, which causes the paracoccidioides cells to transition to the yeast form. the development of disease requires conidia inside the host alveoli to differentiate into yeast cells in a temperature-dependent manner. we describe the presence of a two-component signal transduction sy ... | 2016 | 27268997 |
| a few shared up-regulated genes may influence conidia to yeast transformation in dimorphic fungal pathogens. | the small number of fungi that commonly cause disease in normal people share the capacity to grow as mycelia in the soil at 25°c and as yeast (or spherules) in mammals at 37°c. this remarkable conversion has long been a topic of interest in medical mycology. the conidia to yeast conversion has been studied by transcription profiling in several fungal species, including histoplasma capsulatum, paracoccidioides brasiliensis, coccidioides spp., blastomyces dermatitidis, and talaromyces marneffei on ... | 2016 | 27118798 |
| comparative phylogenomics of pathogenic and nonpathogenic species. | the ascomycete onygenales order embraces a diverse group of mammalian pathogens, including the yeast-forming dimorphic fungal pathogens histoplasma capsulatum, paracoccidioides spp. and blastomyces dermatitidis, the dermatophytes microsporum spp. and trichopyton spp., the spherule-forming dimorphic fungal pathogens in the genus coccidioides, and many nonpathogens. although genomes for all of the aforementioned pathogenic species are available, only one nonpathogen had been sequenced. here, we en ... | 2015 | 26613950 |
| regulation of filamentation in the human fungal pathogen candida tropicalis. | the yeast-filament transition is essential for the virulence of a variety of fungi that are pathogenic to humans. n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) is a potent inducer of filamentation in candida albicans and thermally dimorphic fungi such as histoplasma capsulatum and blastomyces dermatitidis. however, glcnac suppresses rather than promotes filamentation in candida tropicalis, a fungal species that is closely related to c. albicans. despite the intensive study in c. albicans, the regulatory mechanis ... | 2016 | 26466925 |
| fungal dimorphism: the switch from hyphae to yeast is a specialized morphogenetic adaptation allowing colonization of a host. | the ability of pathogenic fungi to switch between a multicellular hyphal and unicellular yeast growth form is a tightly regulated process known as dimorphic switching. dimorphic switching requires the fungus to sense and respond to the host environment and is essential for pathogenicity. this review will focus on the role of dimorphism in fungi commonly called thermally dimorphic fungi, which switch to a yeast growth form during infection. this group of phylogenetically diverse ascomycetes inclu ... | 2015 | 26253139 |
| could histoplasma capsulatum be related to healthcare-associated infections? | healthcare-associated infections (hai) are described in diverse settings. the main etiologic agents of hai are bacteria (85%) and fungi (13%). some factors increase the risk for hai, particularly the use of medical devices; patients with severe cuts, wounds, and burns; stays in the intensive care unit, surgery, and hospital reconstruction works. several fungal hai are caused by candida spp., usually from an endogenous source; however, cross-transmission via the hands of healthcare workers or con ... | 2015 | 26106622 |
| isavuconazole, a broad-spectrum triazole for the treatment of systemic fungal diseases. | the prodrug isavuconazonium sulfate (bal8557) is an extended-spectrum water-soluble triazole, developed for the treatment of severe invasive and life-threatening fungal diseases. its active moiety, bal4815, is a potent inhibitor of ergosterol biosynthesis, resulting in the disruption of fungal membrane structure and function. the active compound shows broad-spectrum of activity and potency against all major opportunistic fungi, such as aspergillus spp., candida spp., cryptococcus spp., mucorales ... | 2015 | 25488140 |
| dimorphic fungal osteoarticular infections. | the objective of this investigation was to review the clinical manifestations, management, and outcome of osteoarticular infections caused by dimorphic fungi. we exhaustively reviewed reports of bone and joint infections caused by dimorphic fungi published between 1970 and 2012. underlying conditions, microbiological features, histological characteristics, clinical manifestations, antifungal therapy, and outcome were analyzed in 222 evaluable cases. among 222 proven cases (median age 41 years [i ... | 2014 | 24939620 |
| c-type lectin receptors differentially induce th17 cells and vaccine immunity to the endemic mycosis of north america. | vaccine immunity to the endemic mycoses of north america requires th17 cells, but the pattern recognition receptors and signaling pathways that drive these protective responses have not been defined. we show that c-type lectin receptors exert divergent contributions to the development of antifungal th17 cells and vaccine resistance against blastomyces dermatitidis, histoplasma capsulatum, and coccidioides posadasii. acquired immunity to b. dermatitidis requires dectin-2, whereas vaccination agai ... | 2014 | 24391211 |
| n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) triggers a rapid, temperature-responsive morphogenetic program in thermally dimorphic fungi. | the monosaccharide n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) is a major component of microbial cell walls and is ubiquitous in the environment. glcnac stimulates developmental pathways in the fungal pathogen candida albicans, which is a commensal organism that colonizes the mammalian gut and causes disease in the setting of host immunodeficiency. here we investigate glcnac signaling in thermally dimorphic human fungal pathogens, a group of fungi that are highly evolutionarily diverged from c. albicans and ca ... | 2013 | 24068964 |
| granulomatous rhinitis due to candida parapsilosis in a cat. | a 9-year-old female spayed domestic medium hair cat presented to the referring veterinarian with a 2-week history of sneezing, which progressed to swelling over the nasal planum. the cat had been under veterinary care for inflammatory bowel disease and had been treated with 1.25 mg/kg prednisolone once a day for approximately 1 year. on physical examination, an approximately 2-3 mm diameter, round polypoid pink soft-tissue mass was protruding slightly from the right nostril. through histologic e ... | 2013 | 23883665 |
| expression of paracoccidioides brasiliensis amy1 in a histoplasma capsulatum amy1 mutant, relates an α-(1,4)-amylase to cell wall α-(1,3)-glucan synthesis. | in the cell walls of the pathogenic yeast phases of paracoccidioides brasiliensis, blastomyces dermatitidis and histoplasma capsulatum, the outer α-(1,3)-glucan layer behaves as a virulence factor. in h. capsulatum, an α-(1,4)-amylase gene (amy1) is essential for the synthesis of this polysaccharide, hence related to virulence. an orthologous gene to h. capsulatum amy1 was identified in p. brasiliensis and also labeled amy1. p. brasiliensis amy1 transcriptional levels were increased during the y ... | 2012 | 23185578 |
| molecular cloning, characterization and differential expression of drk1 in sporothrix schenckii. | the dimorphism of sporothrix schenckii (s. schenckii) reflects a developmental switch in morphology and lifestyle that is necessary for virulence. drk1, a hybrid histidine kinase, functions as a global regulator of dimorphism and virulence in blastomyces dermatitidis (b. dermatitidis) and histoplasma capsulatum (h. capsulatum). the partial cdna sequence of drk1 of s. schenckii, designated ssdrk1, was obtained using degenerate primers based on the conserved domain of the drk1 of other fungi. the ... | 2013 | 23175272 |
| tc17 cells mediate vaccine immunity against lethal fungal pneumonia in immune deficient hosts lacking cd4+ t cells. | vaccines may help reduce the growing incidence of fungal infections in immune-suppressed patients. we have found that, even in the absence of cd4(+) t-cell help, vaccine-induced cd8(+) t cells persist and confer resistance against blastomyces dermatitidis and histoplasma capsulatum. type 1 cytokines contribute to that resistance, but they also are dispensable. although the role of t helper 17 cells in immunity to fungi is debated, il-17 producing cd8(+) t cells (tc17 cells) have not been investi ... | 2012 | 22829762 |
| infection is the major trigger of hemophagocytic syndrome in adult patients treated with biological therapies. | hemophagocytic syndromes (hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, hlh) are characterized by a wide range of etiologies, symptoms, and outcomes, but have a common etiopathogenic pathway leading to organ damage: an excessive inflammatory response. biological therapies have been proposed as a therapeutic option for refractory hlh, but have also been related to the development of hlh in severe immunosuppressed patients. | 2016 | 26277577 |
| proteomic analysis of lysine succinylation of the human pathogen histoplasma capsulatum. | histoplasma capsulatum, the causative agent of histoplasmosis (also called "darling's disease"), can affect both immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. post-translational protein modification by lysine succinylation (ksuc) is a frequent occurrence in eukaryote and prokaryote. recently, the roles of succinylation and its regulatory enzymes in regulating metabolic pathway in bacteria, mammalian and fungus were highlighted. here, we report the first global profiling of lysine succinylation, w ... | 2017 | 28063982 |
| extracellular vesicle-associated transitory cell wall components and their impact on the interaction of fungi with host cells. | classic cell wall components of fungi comprise the polysaccharides glucans and chitin, in association with glycoproteins and pigments. during the last decade, however, system biology approaches clearly demonstrated that the composition of fungal cell walls include atypical molecules historically associated with intracellular or membrane locations. elucidation of mechanisms by which many fungal molecules are exported to the extracellular space suggested that these atypical components are transito ... | 2016 | 27458437 |
| rnaseq analysis highlights specific transcriptome signatures of yeast and mycelial growth phases in the dutch elm disease fungus ophiostoma novo-ulmi. | fungal dimorphism is a complex trait and our understanding of the ability of fungi to display different growth morphologies is limited to a small number of model species. here we study a highly aggressive dimorphic fungus, the ascomycete ophiostoma novo-ulmi, which is a model in plant pathology and the causal agent of dutch elm disease. the two growth phases that this fungus displays, i.e., a yeast phase and mycelial phase, are thought to be involved in key steps of disease development. we used ... | 2015 | 26384770 |
| compositional and immunobiological analyses of extracellular vesicles released by candida albicans. | the release of extracellular vesicles (ev) by fungal organisms is considered an alternative transport mechanism to trans-cell wall passage of macromolecules. previous studies have revealed the presence of ev in culture supernatants from fungal pathogens, such as cryptococcus neoformans, histoplasma capsulatum, paracoccidioides brasiliensis, sporothrix schenckii, malassezia sympodialis and candida albicans. here we investigated the size, composition, kinetics of internalization by bone marrow-der ... | 2015 | 25287304 |
| the global regulator ffsge1 is required for expression of secondary metabolite gene clusters but not for pathogenicity in fusarium fujikuroi. | the plant pathogenic fungus fusarium fujikuroi is the causal agent of bakanae disease on rice due to its ability to produce gibberellins. besides these phytohormones, f. fujikuroi is able to produce several other secondary metabolites (sms). although much progress has been made in the field of secondary metabolism, the transcriptional regulation of sm biosynthesis is complex and still incompletely understood. environmental conditions, global as well as pathway-specific regulators and chromatin r ... | 2015 | 25115968 |
| candida albicans sod5 represents the prototype of an unprecedented class of cu-only superoxide dismutases required for pathogen defense. | the human fungal pathogens candida albicans and histoplasma capsulatum have been reported to protect against the oxidative burst of host innate immune cells using a family of extracellular proteins with similarity to cu/zn superoxide dismutase 1 (sod1). we report here that these molecules are widespread throughout fungi and deviate from canonical sod1 at the primary, tertiary, and quaternary levels. the structure of c. albicans sod5 reveals that although the β-barrel of cu/zn sods is largely pre ... | 2014 | 24711423 |
| invasive fungal infections in argentine patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. | infections are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). invasive fungal infections (ifi) comprise a group of diseases caused by cryptococcus, histoplasma, aspergillus and candida. few studies of ifi have been published in patients with sle and associated factors have not been completely defined. | 2013 | 23861029 |
| use of image cytometry for quantification of pathogenic fungi in association with host cells. | studies of the cellular pathogenesis mechanisms of pathogenic yeasts such as candida albicans, histoplasma capsulatum, and cryptococcus neoformans commonly employ infection of mammalian hosts or host cells (i.e. macrophages) followed by yeast quantification using colony forming unit analysis or flow cytometry. while colony forming unit enumeration has been the most commonly used method in the field, this technique has disadvantages and limitations, including slow growth of some fungal species on ... | 2013 | 23851941 |
| rapid quantification of pathogenic fungi by cellometer image-based cytometry. | the objective of this study was to develop an image-based cytometric methodology for the quantification of viable pathogenic yeasts, which can offer increased sensitivity and efficiency when compared to the traditional colony forming unit (cfu) assay. live/dead yeast quantification by flow cytometry has been previously demonstrated, however, adoption of flow cytometric detection of pathogenic yeasts has been limited for a number of practical reasons including its high cost and biosafety consider ... | 2012 | 22985717 |
| radioimmunotherapy of fungal diseases: the therapeutic potential of cytocidal radiation delivered by antibody targeting fungal cell surface antigens. | radioimmunotherapy is the targeted delivery of cytocidal radiation to cells via specific antibody. although mature for the treatment of cancer, rit of infectious diseases is in pre-clinical development. however, as there is an obvious and urgent need for novel approaches to treat infectious diseases, rit can provide us with a powerful approach to combat serious diseases, including invasive fungal infections. for example, rit has proven more effective than standard amphotericin b for the treatmen ... | 2011 | 22275913 |
| rapid identification of histoplasma capsulatum directly from cultures by multiplex pcr. | the multiplex pcr developed from a suspension of the yeast fungi correctly identified fifty-one clinical of h. capsulatum var. capsulatum strains isolated from clinical samples and soil specimens. the multiplex pcr was developed by combining two pairs of primers, one of them was specific to the h. capsulatum and the other one, universal for fungi, turned out to be specific to h. capsulatum, regardless of the fungus isolate studied. primers designed to amplify a region of about 390-bp (hc i-hc ii ... | 2012 | 22821346 |
| linear epitopes of paracoccidioides brasiliensis and other fungal agents of human systemic mycoses as vaccine candidates. | dimorphic fungi are agents of systemic mycoses associated with significant morbidity and frequent lethality in the americas. among the pathogenic species are paracoccidioides brasiliensis and paracoccidioides lutzii, which predominate in south america; histoplasma capsulatum, coccidioides posadasii, and coccidioides immitis, and the sporothrix spp. complex are other important pathogens. associated with dimorphic fungi other important infections are caused by yeast such as candida spp. and crypto ... | 2017 | 28344577 |
| low utility of pediatric isolator blood culture system for detection of fungemia in children: a 10-year review. | the use of the wampole isolator 1.5-ml pediatric blood culture tube for the detection of fungemia in children was assessed by a 10-year retrospective review at two pediatric hospitals, the hospital for sick children in toronto, canada, and the children's medical center of dallas, texas. over this period, a total of 9,442 pediatric isolator specimens were processed, with yeast or yeast-like organisms recovered in 297 (3.1%) of the specimens (151 [1.6%] unique clinical episodes) and filamentous or ... | 2016 | 27307462 |
| dendritic cell-based vaccine against fungal infection. | several pathogenic fungi, including cryptococcus gattii, histoplasma capsulatum, coccidioides immitis, and penicillium marneffei, cause serious infectious diseases in immunocompetent humans. however, currently, prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines are not clinically used. in particular, c. gattii is an emerging pathogen and thus far protective immunity against this pathogen has not been well characterized. experimental vaccines such as component and attenuated live vaccines have been used as to ... | 2016 | 27076152 |
| polyketides, toxins and pigments in penicillium marneffei. | penicillium marneffei (synonym: talaromyces marneffei) is the most important pathogenic thermally dimorphic fungus in china and southeastern asia. the hiv/aids pandemic, particularly in china and other southeast asian countries, has led to the emergence of p. marneffei infection as an important aids-defining condition. recently, we published the genome sequence of p. marneffei. in the p. marneffei genome, 23 polyketide synthase genes and two polyketide synthase-non-ribosomal peptide synthase hyb ... | 2015 | 26529013 |
| thermally dimorphic human fungal pathogens--polyphyletic pathogens with a convergent pathogenicity trait. | fungi are adept at changing their cell shape and developmental program in response to signals in their surroundings. here we focus on a group of evolutionarily related fungal pathogens of humans known as the thermally dimorphic fungi. these organisms grow in a hyphal form in the environment but shift their morphology drastically within a mammalian host. temperature is one of the main host signals that initiates their conversion to the "host" form and is sufficient in the laboratory to trigger es ... | 2014 | 25384771 |
| signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (stat1) gain-of-function mutations and disseminated coccidioidomycosis and histoplasmosis. | impaired signaling in the ifn-γ/il-12 pathway causes susceptibility to severe disseminated infections with mycobacteria and dimorphic yeasts. dominant gain-of-function mutations in signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (stat1) have been associated with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis. | 2013 | 23541320 |
| systemic fungal infections in patients with human inmunodeficiency virus. | histoplasmosis is a systemic infection caused by the dimorphic fungus histoplasma capsulatum. in immunocompromised patients, primary pulmonary infection can spread to the skin and meninges. clinical manifestations appear in patients with a cd4(+) lymphocyte count of less than 150 cells/μl. coccidioidomycosis is a systemic mycosis caused by coccidioides immitis and coccidioides posadasii. it can present as diffuse pulmonary disease or as a disseminated form primarily affecting the central nervous ... | 2014 | 23107866 |
| immuno-identification of cultures of fungi pathogenic to man. | because isolates of the fungal pathogensblastomyces dermatitidis. coccidioides immitis, histoplasma capsulatum, andparacoccidioides brasiliensis frequently vary widely in gross and microscopic features and are often difficult or impossible to convert to their tissue forms, a simple diagnostic procedure not dependent upon sporulation is needed to identify them specifically and rapidly. the exoantigen technique has been found to meet this need effectively. on the basis of studies with 166histoplas ... | 1978 | 23338137 |
| terpinen-4-ol, tyrosol, and β-lapachone as potential antifungals against dimorphic fungi. | this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro antifungal activity of terpinen-4-ol, tyrosol, and β-lapachone against strains of coccidioides posadasii in filamentous phase (n=22) and histoplasma capsulatum in both filamentous (n=40) and yeast phases (n=13), using the broth dilution methods as described by the clinical and laboratory standards institute, to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and minimum fungicidal concentration (mfc) of these compounds. the mechanisms of action of t ... | 2017 | 27520529 |
| in vitro antifungal activity of miltefosine and levamisole: their impact on ergosterol biosynthesis and cell permeability of dimorphic fungi. | this study aimed to evaluate the in vitro activity of miltefosine and levamisole against strains of coccidioides posadasii in the filamentous phase and strains of histoplasma capsulatum in filamentous and yeast phases. | 2015 | 26178247 |
| ciprofloxacin shows synergism with classical antifungals against histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum and coccidioides posadasii. | this study evaluated the in vitro interaction between ciprofloxacin (cip) and classical antifungals against histoplasma capsulatum var. capsulatum in mycelial (n = 16) and yeast-like forms (n = 9) and coccidioides posadasii in mycelial form (n = 16). this research was conducted through broth microdilution and macrodilution, according to clinical laboratory standards institute. inocula were prepared to obtain from 0.5 × 10(3) to 2.5 × 10(4) cfu ml(-1) for h. capsulatum and from 10(3) to 5 × 10(3 ... | 2013 | 23205615 |
| coccidioides posadasii infection in bats, brazil. | to analyze the eco-epidemiologic aspects of histoplasma capsulatum in brazil, we tested 83 bats for this fungus. although h. capsulatum was not isolated, coccidioides posadasii was recovered from carollia perspicillata bat lungs. immunologic studies detected coccidioidal antibodies and antigens in glossophaga soricina and desmodus rotundus bats. | 2012 | 22469192 |
| chest radiography for predicting the cause of febrile illness among inpatients in moshi, tanzania. | to describe chest radiographic abnormalities and assess their usefulness for predicting causes of fever in a resource-limited setting. | 2013 | 23809268 |
| the simultaneous occurrence of histoplasmosis and cryptococcal fungemia: a case report and review of the literature. | simultaneous infections with cryptococcus neoformans and histoplasma capsulatum are rare and typically occur in immunocompromised individuals, particularly aids patients. because both of those fungi can spur the development of latent infections, it is generally unknown which organism was first present. the diagnosis of one fungus can hide the diagnosis of the other, leading to underdiagnoses and poor prognosis. we report a case of c. neoformans and h. capsulatum co-infection. we also performed a ... | 2016 | 27423433 |
| role of laccase in the virulence of talaromyces marneffei: a common link between aids-related fungal pathogens? | | 2016 | 27282335 |
| belatacept and mediastinal histoplasmosis in a kidney transplant patient. | in transplantation immunosuppression enhances the appearance of opportunist infections. an ideal balance between the prevention of rejection, the lowest risk of infections and the highest rates of graft survival is a continuous challenge. lower doses of immunosuppression may diminish the risk of infections, metabolic and hemodynamic complications or even of malignancy, but may expose patients to episodes of acute rejection. new drugs are being developed to improve graft survival at the lowest ri ... | 2016 | 27152295 |
| immune reconstitution syndrome in a human immunodeficiency virus infected child due to giardiasis leading to shock. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome has been reported in association with tuberculosis, herpes zoster (shingles), cryptococcus neoformans, kaposi's sarcoma, pneumocystis pneumonia, hepatitis b virus, hepatitis c virus, herpes simplex virus, histoplasma capsulatum, human papillomavirus, and cytomegalovirus. however, it has never been documented with giardiasis. we present a 7-year-old hiv infected girl who developed diarrhea and shock followin ... | 2017 | 26985424 |
| enhanced virulence of histoplasma capsulatum through transfer and surface incorporation of glycans from cryptococcus neoformans during co-infection. | cryptococcus neoformans (cn) and histoplasma capsulatum (hc) co-exist in the environment and occasionally co-infect individuals, which can lead to severe disease/lethal outcomes. we investigated specific interactions between cn-hc to determine the impact of synchronous infection in virulence and disease. co-infected mice had significantly higher mortality than infection with either species or acapsular cn-hc. coating of hc with cryptococcal glycans (cn-gly) resulted in higher pulmonary fungal bu ... | 2016 | 26908077 |
| multiple opportunistic fungal infections in an individual with severe hiv disease: a case report. | fungal infections have been commonly diagnosed in individuals with advanced hiv disease. cryptococcosis, pneumocystosis, and histoplasmosis are the most frequent systemic mycoses in people suffering from hiv/aids. | 2016 | 26896884 |
| seroprevalence of histoplasmosis in kampala, uganda. | histoplasmosis is endemic to the midwestern united states, but cases have been reported nearly worldwide. a 1970 study found 3.8% skin test sensitivity to histoplasma capsulatum in uganda but no systemic study of histoplasmosis exposure has occurred since the onset of the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) pandemic. this study investigated the seroprevalence of h. capsulatum and sought previously undetected cases of histoplasmosis in kampala, uganda. serum, cerebrospinal fluid (csf) and/or urine ... | 2016 | 26527637 |
| utility of bone marrow examination for workup of fever of unknown origin in patients with hiv/aids. | the utility of bone marrow aspiration and biopsy (bmab) as a diagnostic tool in patients with hiv/aids and fever of unknown origin (fuo) is a subject of debate. because highly active antiretroviral therapy has reduced incidence of opportunistic infections, it is important to reassess the efficacy of bmab for this diagnostic purpose. to our knowledge, no such studies have been performed in harris county which has the highest incidence of hiv in the state of texas. | 2015 | 25589792 |
| design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of aminothiazole derivatives against the fungal pathogens histoplasma capsulatum and cryptococcus neoformans. | invasive fungal disease constitutes a growing health burden and development of novel antifungal drugs with high potency and selectivity against new fungal molecular targets are urgently needed. previously, an aminothiazole derivative, designated as 41f5, was identified in our laboratories as highly active against histoplasma yeast (mic50 0.4-0.8 μm) through phenotypic high-throughput screening of a commercial library of 3600 purine mimicking compounds (antimicrob. agents chemother.2013, 57, 4349 ... | 2015 | 25543205 |
| importance of the association of molecular and immunological diagnosis in immunocompetent patient with histoplasma capsulatum and cryptoccocus neoformans infection: a case report. | this case reports an immunocompetent 29-year-old woman with suspected pneumonia, suggestive of fungal infection. immunoblotting analysis reactivity against histoplasma capsulatum and paracoccidioides brasiliensis were observed. nested-pcr in blood employing species-specific primers was positive for h. capsulatum and cryptococcus neoformans. the evaluation of paucisymptomatic patients with positive results for h. capsulatum and c. neoformans could be relevant for the prevention as well as the pos ... | 2014 | 25180029 |
| a multiplex real-time pcr assay for identification of pneumocystis jirovecii, histoplasma capsulatum, and cryptococcus neoformans/cryptococcus gattii in samples from aids patients with opportunistic pneumonia. | a molecular diagnostic technique based on real-time pcr was developed for the simultaneous detection of three of the most frequent causative agents of fungal opportunistic pneumonia in aids patients: pneumocystis jirovecii, histoplasma capsulatum, and cryptococcus neoformans/cryptococcus gattii. this technique was tested in cultured strains and in clinical samples from hiv-positive patients. the methodology used involved species-specific molecular beacon probes targeted to the internal transcrib ... | 2014 | 24478409 |
| the impact of proteomics on the understanding of functions and biogenesis of fungal extracellular vesicles. | several microbial molecules are released to the extracellular space in vesicle-like structures. in pathogenic fungi, these molecules include pigments, polysaccharides, lipids, and proteins, which traverse the cell wall in vesicles that accumulate in the extracellular space. the diverse composition of fungal extracellular vesicles (ev) is indicative of multiple mechanisms of cellular biogenesis, a hypothesis that was supported by ev proteomic studies in a set of saccharomyces cerevisiae strains w ... | 2014 | 23583696 |
| identification of fungal diseases at necropsy. | the purpose of the death verification service is to elucidate the causes of deaths that occur without medical assistance and of ill-defined deaths. in recent decades, the epidemiological reality of fungal infections has changed due to the rise in opportunistic infections chiefly in immunocompromised patients. a study of fungal diseases in autopsies performed in the death verification service of the medicine school in são josé do rio preto between january 2000 and december 2009 was made. sixty-se ... | 2012 | 22840384 |
| thirty year retrospective evaluation of pneumonia in a bottlenose dolphin tursiops truncatus population. | pneumonia is one of the most common causes of morbidity in bottlenose dolphins tursiops truncatus. to better understand associations of pneumonia with demographics, microbiology, pathology, and histopathology, a retrospective study on 42 dolphins from the us navy marine mammal program dolphin population was conducted (1980 to 2010). a total of 21 (50%) of the dolphins evaluated had pneumonia confirmed by histopathology. bacterial and fungal pneumonia was present in 42.9 and 28.6% of cases (9 and ... | 2012 | 22832722 |
| gastrointestinal histoplasmosis in a hepatitis c-infected individual. | gastrointestinal histoplasmosis is a rare manifestation of this fungal infection, typically identified in immunocompromised patients, such as those with hiv/aids. here, we report a case of disseminated histoplasmosis with gastrointestinal involvement in a hepatitis c-infected patient. the fungal agent was confirmed to be histoplasma capsulatum by a dna probe assay performed on a bone marrow sample. we propose that this fungal disease should be kept on the differential of patients infected with t ... | 2013 | 23760983 |
| morphological changes in the digestive system of 322 necropsies of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome: comparison of findings pre- and post-haart (highly active antiretroviral therapy). | involvement of the digestive system in aids pathologies or injuries is frequent. aiming at comparing the frequency, the importance that these lesions have for death and the survival time in patients using or not using haart, we studied 322 necropsies classified as follows: group a - without antiretroviral drugs (185 cases); b - one or two antiretroviral drugs or haart for less than six months (83 cases); c - haart for six months or longer (54 cases). in the overall analysis of the digestive syst ... | 2017 | 28380114 |
| selective photoinactivation of histoplasma capsulatum by water-soluble derivatives chalcones. | | 2017 | 28359936 |
| progressive histoplasmosis with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and epithelioid cell granulomatosis: a case report and review of the literature. | histoplasmosis in central europe is a rare fungal disease with diverse clinical presentations. apart from acute pulmonary histoplasmosis and involvement of the central nervous system, the most serious clinical presentation is progressive disseminated histoplasmosis which is generally associated with severe immunodeficiency and in particular, advanced hiv-infection. here we report on an immunocompetent female residing in a non-endemic area, presenting with progressive disseminated histoplasmosis ... | 2017 | 28349614 |
| progressive disseminated histoplasmosis mimicking a flare of systemic lupus erythematosus: a european case report. | diagnosing progressive disseminated histoplasmosis (pdh) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) is diagnostically challenging. since pdh is lethal when untreated, awareness of this infection in patients with sle is of utmost importance. to the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of a case of pdh in a patient with sle in europe. | 2016 | 28348765 |
| primary cutaneous histoplasmosis masquerading as lepromatous leprosy. | histoplasmosis is a genus of dimorphic fungi having various varieties of which the commonest one causing infection is histoplasma capsulatum known to cause histoplasmosis. it has a varied disease spectrum ranging from an acute infection to chronic disease especially in lungs, disseminated disease and cutaneous disorder. histoplasma capsulatum usually causes subclinical infection and serious infections only manifest in immunocompromised patients. frank cases of infection are seen in pulmonary his ... | 2017 | 28273974 |