| the herpesviruses. | | 1976 | 186929 |
| immunosuppressive effect of a naturally acquired subclinical bursal agent infection on vaccination against newcastle disease. | a naturally acquired subclinical infection of infectious bursal agent was shown to be the probable causative factor of marked immunosuppression of newcastle disease vaccine in young chicks. old hens maintained in the same contaminated environment did not exhibit immunosuppression. | 1976 | 186932 |
| reoviruses from chickens with hydropericardium. | | 1976 | 186933 |
| [heterogeneity of a population of the kekaya strain of marek disease virus]. | while infecting vmd-kekava chick fibroblasts cultures two plaque-forming variants of the virus were isolated. both variants are cell-associated viruses; during a prolonged period these are circulating in the blood of infected chicks, including also healthy ones. the cultures infected contain a common precipitating antigen; sera from the infected chicks have antibodies to vmd feather antigen, both viruses produced, although in a different degree, in the infected chicks lymphoid infiltration of ne ... | 1976 | 186953 |
| from sharks to coenzyme q10. | | 1976 | 187031 |
| morphogenesis of avian infectious bronchitis virus in primary chick kidney cells. | primary chick kidney cells were infected with avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) and examined by electron microscopy. virus particles entered the cells by viropexis and distinction could be made between engulfment by cell processes (phagocytosis) and entry by micropinocytosis in coated transport vesicles. virus maturation occurred by budding into either the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum or cytoplasmic vacuoles, and evidence was obtained to suggest that the viral surface projections ... | 1976 | 187144 |
| in vivo antiviral activity of d-glucosamine. | intraperitoneal treatments with d-glucosamine, an inhibitor of the glycosylation of the viral envelope, decreased the growth rate of tumors induced in quails or in chicks by rous sarcoma virus and increased the survival of mice inoculated with human influenza virus. | 1976 | 187148 |
| electron microscope observations on the entry of avian infectious bronchitis virus into susceptible cells. | infectious bronchitis virus was observed to enter cells of chicken chorioallantoic membrane by viropexis. there was no support for the suggestion that entry took place by fusion of viral and plasma membranes. the results of electron microscopy showed that virus attachment occurred both at 4 degrees and at 37 degrees c. viropexis was not observed until the preparations were warmed. similar results were obtained using chicken kidney cells. quantitative data obtained from a plaque counting system e ... | 1976 | 187152 |
| the development of phosphomonesterases in the testes of prepuberal chicks. | 1. the biochemical development and histochemical localisation of phosphomonoesterases in the testes of prepuberal chicks have been studied. 2. maximum acid phosphatase activity was observed at 12 weeks with a decrease in enzyme activity after this age, whereas alkaline phosphatase activity fluctuated with age. 3. acid phosphatase activity in chicks was similar to that of the cockerel in being tartarate-insensitive. 4. there was a low level of significant correlation between acid phosphatase acti ... | 1976 | 187228 |
| necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. iii. reproduction of the disease. | lesions typical of necrotic enteritis could be produced experimentally in from 11-26% of broiler chickens consuming feed containing approximately 10(7) clostridium perfringens per gram. highest mortality was produced using isolates from field cases of necrotic enteritis which were reisolated from experimental cases in the laboratory. penicillin in the drinking water at 100,000 i.u./litre completely prevented mortality whereas chloramphenicol at 110 mg/litre delayed the onset and reduced the numb ... | 1976 | 187291 |
| immunization of broiler chickens with a commercial infectious laryngotracheitis vaccine in the drinking water. | seventy-five thousand broiler chickens in four flocks were immunized at four weeks of age with a commercial infectious laryngotracheitis vaccine administered in the drinking water. three of the flocks exhibited a vaccine reaction represented by mild respiratory illness between seven and 14 days after vaccination. immunity challenge experiments demonstrated 97% protection in one trial and 67% in another trial in which the dose of challenge virus was increased fourfold. in the latter trial a paral ... | 1976 | 187294 |
| transfer of parental immunity to infectious laryngotracheitis in chicks. | the transfer of parental immunity to infectious laryngotracheitis was appraised by measuring serum antibody levels in 150 chicks from the day of hatch up to five weeks. the breeder flock which had received primary vaccination at eight weeks and a booster at 20 weeks transferred high antibody levels which fell markedly within two weeks and remained constant thereafter. chicks whose parents were vaccinated at 20 weeks only, had low antibody levels throughout. these low levels, in either group of c ... | 1976 | 187298 |
| oncornavirus-induced sarcoma formation obscured by rapid development of lethal leukemia. | injection i.v. of avian erythroblastosis virus (aev) strain es4 causes a high incidence of leukemia and the death of most of the inoculated chicks within 2 weeks. as found earlier, the virus is defective for replication and transforms bone marrow cultures in vitro, and surprisingly, also chick embryo fibroblasts. inoculation of transformed aev cells negative for virus production into newborn chicks induced the formation of sarcomas only, whereas cells superinfected with helper virus induced the ... | 1977 | 187337 |
| glucose phosphorylation and dephosphorylation in chicken liver. | | 1976 | 187468 |
| study of the properties of different strains of avian encephalomyelitis virus. | | 1976 | 187531 |
| solubilization of adenylate cyclase from normal and rous sarcoma-transformed chicken embryo fibroblasts. | adenylate cyclase activities in membranes prepared from rous sarcoma-transformed chicken embryo fibroblasts are 2 to 4 times lower than in membranes prepared from normal chicken embryo fibroblasts. adenylate cyclase activities were solubilized from normal and transformed membranes with five different nonionic detergents. in all cases, the specific activities of the enzyme solubilized from normal and transformed preparations were essentially identical. these data suggest that the microenvironment ... | 1976 | 187602 |
| vesicular stomatitis virus plaque production in monolayer cultures with liquid overlay medium: description and adaptation to a one-day, human interferon-plaque. | vesicular stomatitis virus forms discrete, microscopic plaques in stationary cultures of the wish amnion cell line. microplaque formation is rapid, reproducible, and easily quantitated, occurs at temperatures ranging from 33 to 40 degrees c, and does not require a semisolid overlay. wish cells, however, are less sensitive to vesicular stomatitis virus than are chicken embryo, 3t6, or vero cells. wish amnion cells also are highly sensitive to the antiviral effects of human interferon, and a quant ... | 1976 | 187619 |
| the 3' terminal sequence of chicken ovalbumin messenger rna and its comparison with other messenger rna molecules. | | 1976 | 187753 |
| suppression of the avian sarcoma virus genome in 8-azaquanine-resistant, transformed, hamster cells. | the avian sarcoma virus genome (schmidt-ruppin strain) in transformed hamster cells resistant to 8-azaquanine [ha(sr)ag-50] was strongly suppressed. the suppression was genetically stable and could not be overcome by attempts at induction with 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine. fusion of hamster cells, which had suppressed virus genome, with chicken rous-associated virus (rav-1)-preinfected cells easily rescued the sarcoma virus. the rescued virus had envelope properties of rav-1, as determined by viral in ... | 1976 | 187768 |
| characteristics of jmv marek's disease tumor: a nonproductively infected transplantable cell lacking in rescuable virus. | cells of the jmv marek's disease (md) tumor, originally produced by rapid serial passage of md lymphoma cells in chickens, were characterized to determine whether they were of host or donor origin and to ascertain certain virus-host cell interrelationships. differences noted in blood group b surface alloantigens between tumor cells and host lymphocytes indicated a probable nonhost origin (i.e., transplantability) of the tumor. jmv spleen tumors contained predominantly large lymphoblasts bearing ... | 1976 | 187779 |
| a method for the control of lymphoid leukosis in chickens. | lymphoid leukosis (ll) was eliminated from 3 inbred lines of white leghorn chickens that were temporarily kept in isolation. the method of control was based on three elements: 1) from an infected flock we selected hens that produced ll virus-free eggs. pooled extracts from groups of embryos were tested for vertical virus transmission by the nonproducer cell activation test. 2) only eggs from dams that did not congenitally shed virus to their embryos were used to produce progeny. the offspring we ... | 1976 | 187794 |
| [influence of corticoid on induction and activation of transaminases of f-got system in fowl blood plasma]. | | 1976 | 187824 |
| nonspecific immunosuppression and expression of avian myeloblastosis virus (bai strain a). | chickens were treated with cyclophosphamide in order to induce nonspecific immunosuppression. treated and untreated animals were injected with avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) or myeloblasts at the age when a pronounced resistance to the disease is observed. chickens treated with cyclophosphamide and then challenged with amv developed acute myeloblastic leukemia in 70 percent. similarly treated chickens transplanted with fresh amv producing myeloblasts exhibited 30 percent incidence of myeloblas ... | 1976 | 187971 |
| [how do hormones act?]. | hormones act via receptors, i.e. structures which contain specific binding sites for any given hormone. the transmission of information is accomplished by reversible binding of the hormone to the receptor. steroid hormones and triiodothyronine act via receptors which are located in the nucleus and regulate the biosynthesis of specific proteins. peptide hormones and catecholamines combine with receptors within the cell membrane, thereby regulating the membrane-bound enzyme adenyle cyclase. the pr ... | 1976 | 188121 |
| analysis of living tissue by phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance. | nuclear magnetic resonance is a new method for assaying the content of phosphate metabolites in intact tissues. its nondestructive nature allows simultaneous and repeated determinations of these compounds with a minimum perturbation of tissue. changes in the concentrations of the phosphates as a function of time characterize the metabolic machinery of the tissue and reveal alterations in enzymic activity that result from drug treatment or disease. the entire phosphate profile shows differences b ... | 1977 | 188132 |
| response of growing chickens to an inactivated ibd antigen in oil emulsion. | | 1976 | 188221 |
| [abortive myxovirus infection in ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. production of heterokaryons in permissive cells and analysis of virus-specific structures]. | hybridization of ehrlich ascitic carcinoma cells and chicken fibroblasts using uv-inactivated sendai virus produced the following variants of homo- and heterokaryons: (a) uninfected ehrlich cells, (b) fowl plague virus-infected chicken fibroblasts, (c) uninfected ehrlich cells and uninfected chicken fibroblasts; (d) infected ehrlich cells and infected chicken fibroblasts, (e) infected ehrlich cells and uninfected chicken fibroblasts. the analysis of the material produced by heterokaryons gave th ... | 1976 | 188250 |
| hyperreactive arterial endothelial cells: a clue for the treatment of atherosclerosis. | arterial endothelial cells, which are capable of phagocytizing carbon particles of the same size as beta- and pre-beta-lipoprotein, were found only in endothelial cells of arterial segments susceptible to atheromatous changes in susceptible animal species, and the distribution closely corresponded to the susceptibility. the distribution of such endothelial cells is dense in large arteries, in the openings to their branches, especially in downstream portions, of rabbits, hens, and cocks; however, ... | 1976 | 188368 |
| [necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. iii. study of the factors favoring the multiplication of clostridium perfringens and the experimental transmission of the disease]. | necrotic enteritis was reproduced experimentally in two week old broiler chickens by intravenous injection and also by oral administration of a pure culture of clostridium perfringens. in the first experiment, gross and microscopic intestinal lesions, typical of necrotic enteritis, were observed in all diseased birds and mortality was obtained only in the group of birds that were injected with 0.4 ml or more of the pure culture of the microorganism. in the second experiment, the highest mortalit ... | 1977 | 188529 |
| [reasons for the nonreactivity of embryonal skeletal muscle to catecholamines]. | | 1976 | 188608 |
| development of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol receptor in the duodenal cytosol of chick embryo. | the development of 1,25-(oh)2d3 receptor in the duodenal cytosol of chick embryo was studied by the sucrose density gradient analysis. the binding profile for 1,25-(oh)2d3 in the cytosol of vitamin d-deficient chick duodenum on the sucrose density gradient revealed 3 binding components, and the sedimentation constant was estimated as 2.5, 3.5 and 5.5s respectively. the 3.5s binding component has high affinity and low capacity for 1,25-(oh)2d3 and is thought to be 1,25-(oh)2d3 receptor. during th ... | 1976 | 188633 |
| presence of intramitochondrial bodies in avian leukemic myeloblasts. | | 1976 | 188659 |
| restricted addition of proviral dna in target tissues of chickens infected with avian myeloblastosis virus. | proviral dna is synthesized within an hour after infection of chicken cells with an avian oncornavirus and is integrated into nuclear cellular dna within a short time. the viral dna appears to be synthesized as double-stranded molecules of approximately 6 x 10(6) daltons some of which are converted into supercoiled cricles perhaps as a requisite for integration. the endogenous v-dna in normal chicken cells and both the endogenous and amv v-dna in leukemic chicken myeloblasts are covalently linke ... | 1976 | 188728 |
| the oncornavirus maturation process: quantitative correlation between morphological changes and conversion of genomic virion rna. | avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) was harvested at different time intervals from chick leukemic myeloblasts, and the rate of the maturation process of amv was estimated on the basis of morphological changes in the virions and conversion of genomic viral rna. the change from immature virions characterized by the presence of an electronlucent center to the condensed mature form (with dense nucleoid) was accompanied by the conversion of 30-40s rna to 60s rna. both processes were quantitatively defin ... | 1976 | 188781 |
| laboratory confirmation of an outbreak of clostridium perfringens food poisoning. | a foodborne outbreak in a group of eleven individuals sharing a common meal, eight of whom reported symptoms and an incubation period compatible with clostridium perfringens food poisoning, was confirmed by the following laboratory criteria: (a) the c. perfringens count in the suspect food, chicken pie, was at least 10(5) per gram; (b) the median fecal c. perfringens spore count in convalescing patients was greater than 10(6) per gram: (c) an indentical serotype (ps63) was isolated from both the ... | 1977 | 188789 |
| histochemical observations on chicken blood and bone marrow cells. | the distribution of lipid, glycogen, peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase has been studied in the cells of blood and bone marrow smears from young chickens. chicken heterophil granules react differently from those of mammalian neutrophils. a strongly positive peroxidase reaction was given by developing erythrocytes in chickens, unlike mammals. the significance of these species differences is not yet clear. | 1976 | 188794 |
| amino acid sequence of a major apoprotein from hen plasma very low density lipoproteins. | | 1977 | 188805 |
| transport changes associated with growth control and malignant transformation. | we can distinguish two classes of membrane transport changes in cultured cells: (a) growth-rate contingent changes are those which occur in coordination with the onset of density-dependent inhibition of growth; (b) transformation-specific changes are those which occur when cells become transformed, and which can be detected even when normal and transformed cells are growing at the same rate. growth-rate contingent changes include the density-dependent changes in phosphate, nucleoside, glucose, a ... | 1976 | 188840 |
| loss of the post-translational control of nutrient transport in vitro and in vivo virus-transformed chicken cells. | the removal of serum from the medium of uninfected fibroblasts decreased the rate of uptake of uridine, 2-deoxyglucose, alpha-aminoisobutyrate and thymidine. its subsequent addition rapidly and reversibly stimulated the uptake of all the nutrients but thymidine and this response was not inhibited by treatment of the cells with cycloheximide. the cycloheximide insensitive, rapid increase in the rate of transport has been designated post-translational control. the nutrient transport systems in chi ... | 1976 | 188842 |
| a note on single - and two - dose immunogenicity tests of inactive virus vaccine in chicks. | single dose extinction limit test of inactive polio vaccine in chicks lasts 4 days and offers the same results as the two-dose test which requires 14 days. when "long-term" incubation instead of "conventional" 2 hours-incubation of the serum/virus mixtures in the neutralization reaction was used, extinction limit values higher by 0,6-0,7 log 10 were regularly obtained. | 1976 | 188947 |
| relative activities of some metabolites and analogs of cholecalciferol in stimulation of tibia ash weight in chicks otherwise deprived of vitamin d. | nine metabolites and analogs of cholecalciferol (cc) were tested for ability to increase tibia ash weight in chicks otherwise deprived of vitamin d. all of the compounds promoted bone mineralization in a linear log dose-response relationship. the maximal response obtained for any compound was an approximate doubling in bone ash weight compared to vehicle-treated controls. relative potencies, based upon the calculated ash weight doubling dose, were as follows: 1 alpha, 25-(oh)2-cc = 1 alpha-oh-cc ... | 1977 | 189001 |
| a continuous line of rous sarcoma virus-transformed chick embryo cells. | a continuous line of rous sarcoma virus (rsv)-transformed chick embryo cells was established. the cells, designated rtaz-1, which constitute the only known line of continuously growing rsv-transformed cells of chick embryo origin, grow rapidly, display uniform morphology, and perpetually release large amounts of rsv (rous-associated virus, type 1). rtaz-1 cells display a heteroploid chromosome complement with 92-94 chromosomes characteristic of chicken cells. molecular hybridization studies demo ... | 1977 | 189048 |
| transmembrane phospholipid motions induced by f glycoprotein in hemagglutinating virus of japan. | transfer of phospholipid from the envelope of hemagglutinating virus of japan (hvj) to erythrocyte (rbc) membrane and the virus-induced transfer of phospholipid between rbc membranes were studied using spin-labeled phosphatidylcholine (pc). the transfer of pc from membranes labeled densely with pc to unlabeled membranes was followed by the peak height increase in the electron spin resonance spectrum. the two kinds of transfer reactions took place very rapidly as reported previously. to obtain fu ... | 1977 | 189066 |
| purification of dna complementary to the env gene of avian sarcoma virus and analysis of relationships among the env genes of avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses. | the env gene of avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses encodes a glycoprotein that determines the host range and surface antigenicitiy of virions. we have purified radioactive dna (cdnagp) complementary to at least a portion of the env gene for viral subgroups a and c; complementary dna was synthesized with purified virions of wild-type avian sarcoma virus, and rna from a mutant with a deletion in env was used to select dna specific to env by molecular hybridization. the genetic complexity of cdnagp for ... | 1977 | 189084 |
| inoculation experiment of marek's disease vaccine contaminated with a reticuloendotheliosis virus. | two-day-old chicks were inoculated with one or ten doses of marek's disease (md) vaccine originated from the herpesvirus of turkeys (hvt) and contaminated with a reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev). as a result, they presented such symptoms as abnormality in the vane of remiges, undergrowth, anemia, and leg paralysis. these symptoms were the same as those induced by the same vaccine among chicks in the field. control chicks which had been placed in the same house as those inoculated with the vacci ... | 1976 | 189219 |
| isolation of a reticuloendotheliosis virus from chickens inoculated with marek's disease vaccine. | over a period from spring to fall in 1974, a disease with delayed growth, anemia, abnormal feathers, and leg paralysis as main symptoms broke out in flocks of chickens inoculated with marek's disease vaccine. a virus was isolated from affected birds in the field and the same lot of marek's disease vaccine as inoculated into these birds. it had a common antigenicity to the t strain of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) and could not be discriminated from this strain on the basis of morphology or p ... | 1976 | 189220 |
| isolation from normal and rous sarcoma virus-transformed chicken fibroblasts of a factor that binds glucose and stimulates its transport. | a glucose binding fraction was obtained by sucrose gradient centrifugation and sephadex g-200 chromatopgraphy from confluent normal cells and rous sarcoma virus-transformed fibroblasts. it was more or less loosely bound to the membrane fraction, most strongly in sarcoma cells, and most loosely in slowly growing confluent fibroblasts. in an average of three determinations, the content of binding factor was increased 2.5-fold in transformed cells, and compared reasonably well to a nearly 4-fold in ... | 1977 | 189303 |
| infectious dna of spleen necrosis virus is integrated at a single site in the dna of chronically infected chicken fibroblasts. | the infectious dnas of a number of avian leukosis-sarcoma and reticuloendotheliosis viruses were digested with six nucleotide-specific restriction endonucleases, and the digests were tested for infectivity. all of the enzymes inactivated the viral infectivities except for ecori, which did not inactivate the infectivity of the dna of two of the reticuloendotheliosis viruses, spleen necrosis and chick syncytial viruses. the infectious dna of spleen necrosis virus after digestion with ecori had a b ... | 1977 | 189309 |
| a possible mechanism for the action of some myxoviruses. | the redox properties of some myxoviruses [fowl plaque virus strain rostock (fpv), new castle disease virus strain italy (ndv), b/hong kong, a/port chalmers, a/victoria, a/scotland, and a/fort dir) and electron microscopic studies as well as by the determination of the hemagglutination (ha) titer (antigen efficiency). the results have shown that viruses decrease the spin concentration of cu2+ by acting as a reducing species (electron donor) which will result in the inactivation (oxidation) of the ... | 1976 | 189346 |
| [methods for the control of avian tumour virus diseases (author's transl)]. | methods developed in the netherlands for the control of avian tumour virus diseases, marek's disease and lymphoid leukosis, are discussed. marek's disease is successfully kept under control by vaccination of all day-old chickens raised for egg production. broilers are not vaccinated. during 1975 over 23 million chicks were vaccinated with cell-associated marek's disease virus cvi 988 vaccines and about 3 million doses of hvt vaccine were administered, mostly in lyophilised form. the mechanism of ... | 1977 | 189455 |
| chromatographic separation of the venom of bungarus caeruleus and pharmacological characterization of its components. | | 1976 | 189460 |
| a radioimmunoassay for corticosterone and its application to the measurement of stress in poultry. | a radioimmunoassay for corticosterone was developed using an antibody to corticosterone-21-hemisuccinate:bovine serum albumin. the assay possessed good specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility and required minimal sample preparation. tests of adrenal function showed that stimulation of the adrenal with exogenous acth and with dexamethasone caused an increase and decrease, respectively, in plasma concentrations of corticosterone. exposure to cold environmental temperatures caused an increase ... | 1976 | 189465 |
| [activity of nad metabolism enzymes and dna concentration in the liver during chicken ontogenesis]. | a reverse interrelation is established between the content of nad and dna in the chickens liver at different stages of ontogenetic development, especially pronounced at the stages of embryogenesis. the content of nad which is the least in the liver of the 8-day embryos increases with development of chickens and reaches the maximum level by the 6-month age. the content of dna is maximum in the embryonal period. the activity of nad-pyrophosphorylase in the liver nuclei has the low value at early p ... | 1976 | 189472 |
| genetic control of rav-o production in chickens. | | 1977 | 189500 |
| tenosynovitis in chickens. | an adenovirus was isolated from the tendon fluid of broilers and meat breeders with clinical tenosynovitis. the viral infection was in many cases accompanied by a staphylococcal infection. the significance of the adenovirus is not yet known, although initial transmission studies indicate that it may play a role in the tendon thickening process. | 1976 | 189747 |
| vitamin d in the avian egg. its molecular identity and mechanism of incorporation into yolk. | the chemical identity of vitamin d in the egg of the domestic fowl was studied by analysing radioactivity in eggs from hens injected with [3h]cholecalciferol. labelled molecules were found throughout the egg, but the concentration of total radioactivity in albumin was only 5-7% of that in yolk. in lipid extracts of yolk, more than 90% of the radioactivity was as unchanged cholecalciferol and 5% as 25-hydroxycholecalciferol. only about 3% of the radioactivity in albumin was chloroform-soluble, an ... | 1976 | 189757 |
| elevated cyclic gmp concentrations during estrogen induced differentiation of the chick oviduct. | | 1977 | 189769 |
| transformation of chicken chondrocytes by rous sarcoma virus. | chicken chondrocytes isolated from 11-day-old chicken vertebrate cartilage were transformed by rous sarcoma virus ts la24 of the prague strain as well as by the wild-type prague strain of rous sarcoma virus. the morphology of chondrocytes transformed by rous sarcoma virus ts la 24 was dependent on the temperature, and the change was reversible. a similar but irreversible change in morphology was observed with chondrocytes transformed by wild-type virus. hyaluronic acid production and deoxyglucos ... | 1977 | 189910 |
| decreased adherence to the substrate in rous sarcoma virus-transformed chicken embryo fibroblasts. | cell-substrate adherence in cultures of chicken embryo fibroblasts was examined by determining the number of cells which could be detached from the culture dish by a stream of medium. transformed cells were significantly less adherent than their normal counterparts. in cultures infected with a mutant of rous sarcoma virus which is temperature-conditional for transformation, adherence changed promptly following a temperature shift. this change did not require progression through the cell cycle. t ... | 1977 | 189934 |
| isomerization of the binary complex of reduced acetylpyridine adenine dinucleotide and chicken h4 lactate dehydrogenase. | | 1977 | 190029 |
| [radial immunodiffusion test for the detection of marek's disease virus in hens]. | | 1976 | 190062 |
| role of cyclic nucleotides in human lymphocyte-mediated antibody-dependent cytotoxicity. | experiments were carried out in order to throw light on the role of cyclic amp and cyclic gmp in the modulation of the expression of antibody-dependent cytotoxicity mediated by human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. chicken erythrocytes were used as target cells. support for an inhibitory role of cyclic amp was derived from the marked suppression of cytotoxicity by dibutyryl cyclic amp. cyclic amp itself had little effect. isoproterenol, prostaglandin e1 and prostaglandin e2 increased cycl ... | 1977 | 190171 |
| effects of gaba, gabob and some anticonvulsant drugs on dibutyryl cyclic amp evoked seizures. | the present experiments were undertaken to study the possible effects of gaba, gabob, phenobarbitone, diphenylhydantoin, and diazepam given systemically on convulsant activity evoked in chicks by intrahypothalamic injection of dibutyryl cyclic amp (camp). diphenylhydantoin and phenobarbitone antagonized the effect of dibutyryl camp but unfortunately the effects of gaba and gabob were complicated by osmotic effects. diazepam, an anticonvulsant benzodiazepine, did not affect dibutyryl camp-induced ... | 1977 | 190179 |
| role of phosphoprotein phosphatases in reversible deactivation of chicken adipose tissue hormone-sensitive lipase. | the reversible deactivation of chicken adipose tissue hormone-sensitive lipase alpha(previously activated with mg2+ atp and adenosine 3':5'-monophosphate) required mg2+ and was inhibited by phosphate. these results are consistent with the assumption that deactivation of the protein kinase-activated enzyme is catalyzed by a lipase phosphatase. cholesterol ester is catalyzed by a lipase phosphatase. cholesterol ester hydrolase similarly was activated and reversibly deactivated. the activity of end ... | 1977 | 190235 |
| a study of two avian adenovirus serotypes alone or in combination with avian infectious bronchitis in day-old chicks. | | 1977 | 190275 |
| phosphoinositide kinases in chick brain and sciatic nerve, a developmental study. | | 1977 | 190354 |
| reduced incidence of marek's disease gross lymphomas in t-cell-depleted chickens. | chickens of line 7, highly susceptible to marek's disease (md), were depleted of t-cells by neonatal thymectomy, total-body gamma-irradiation, and multiple injections with antithymocyte serum. in two replicate experiments, significantly fewer gross lymphomas were present in t-cell-depleted chickens than in intact or in t-cell-depleted, reconstituted hatchmates; these findings provided evidence that t-cells may be the principal target for md virus (mdv) transformation, t-cell depletion was not co ... | 1977 | 190413 |
| the effects of mercury ingestion on hepatic mitochondrial membranes of chicks. | cytochrome c oxidase activity was measured in livers of chicks receiving 0, 200,250 or 300 p.p.m. mercury (as hgc12) in the drinking water beginning at one week of age. in the first experiment treatment with 200 p.p.m. mercury for up to 4 weeks tended to increase the activity of cytochrome c oxidase and decrease the proportion of free (measured in untreated liver preparations) to total (measured in triton x-100 treated liver preparations) enzyme activity as compared with controls. however, the d ... | 1976 | 190598 |
| effect of ultraviolet light and oral vitamin d3 on rachitic chicks fed diets containing either corn or rye. | three experiments using day-old chicks were conducted in battery brooders to further study the rye-vitamin d antagonism. birds were fed a vitamin d3-free diet containing corn or rye and submitted to diverse treatments for the first 10 days. at this time the chicks were either continued on the same diet or changed to other grain-type diets. the effect of ultraviolet light exposure on the chicks and of a single oral dose of vitamin d3 was studied, and body weight gain and bone ash were determined ... | 1976 | 190600 |
| solubilization of initial attachment site activity for avian tumor viruses with lithium diiodosalicylate. | | 1977 | 190616 |
| characterization of tumour virus proteins. i. radioimmunoassay of the p27 protein of avian viruses. | the major structural protein of avian oncornaviruses, a core component of about 27000 daltons, has been measured by radioimmunoassay. the purified protein was labelled with 125iodine by chloramine-t method. the immune serum titer was defined as the highest serum dilution able to precipitate 50% of the labelled antigen present in the system. standard competition curve was constructed in order to determine the equivalents of protein, in a system with limiting antibody concentration. in the experim ... | 1977 | 190652 |
| lecithin--cholesterol--acyltransferase activity in the plasma of immature, oestrogenised and laying fowl (gallus domesticus). | a study was made of the role of the lecithin-cholesterol-acyltransferase (lcat) enzyme in the changes in the concentrations and fatty acid composition of the plasma cholesteryl esters of the fowl associated with oestrogen treatment and sexual maturity. although there was a considerable increase in the concentration of free cholesterol in the plasma of oestrogen treated and laying birds, only in the oestrogen treated birds was it associated with an increased rate of cholesterol esterification. i ... | 1977 | 190659 |
| gumboro disease and infectious bronchitis. | | 1977 | 190759 |
| the interaction of cyproheptadine with agents affecting neuromuscular transmission. | using the rat phrenic nerve diaphragm, cyproheptadine at concentrations of 1 to 8 mug/ml did not affect or slightly augmented indirect muscle twitches, but potentiated blockade by tubocurarine, decamethonium and succinylcholine, and antagonized the augmentation of twitches by neostigmine. ketamine, choline and tetraethylammonium at concentrations causing no blockade produced, when given after cyproheptadine (6 mug/ml), a high degree of blockade. at concentrations of 9 to 20 mug/ml, cyproheptadin ... | 1975 | 190863 |
| effect of infectious bursal disease on the response of chickens to mycoplasma synoviae, newcastle disease virus, and infectious bronchitis virus. | at 35 days of age, chickens which as 1-day-old chicks were inoculated with the infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) had significantly lower antibody titers against mycoplasma synoviae, newcastle disease virus, and infectious bronchitis virus than did those never inoculated with ibdv. the ibdv also had a marked effect on the development of air-sac lesions. birds infected with ibdv that were later inoculated with m synoviae (day 14), newcastle disease virus (days 14 and 28) experienced an increa ... | 1977 | 190926 |
| [effect of polymyxin m on intestinal microorganisms of gnotobiotic chicks]. | the effect of polymyxin m on the microflora artifically introduced into the digestive tract of gnotobiotic chickens was studied. it was found that polymyxin m caused dysbacteriosis in the digestive tract. reduction of the impaired biocenosis after discontinuation of polymyxin use was rapid and practically complete. | 1977 | 190946 |
| [experimental reproduction of necrotic enteritis in the chicken. 1. mono- and polyinfections with clostridium perfringens and coccidia with reference to cage managemen]. | experimental mono-infection and poly-infection, using vegetative germs of a cl. perfringens type a strain 1663 and its toxin as well as e. acervulina, necatrix or mitis oocysts, were applied to 100 spf chicken aged seven days. while clostridial or coccidial mono-infection did not cause any loss and only unspecific pathologic-anatomic changes, polyinfection was accompanied by diarrhoea and slower weight increase, with 55.4 per cent of the chicken having been lost three to nine days from the outbr ... | 1976 | 190968 |
| [experimental reproduction of necrotic enteritis in the chicken. 2. further mono- and polyinfections with cl. perfringens and coccidia with special reference to ground-kept chickens]. | coccidial oocysts and/or vegetative germs, spores, and toxins of cl. perfringens type a were used in mono-infection and poly-infection experiments on spf chicken aged seven and 56 days and kept under different conditions. necrotic enteritis was regularly reproduced in all experimental groups with polyinfections. in chicken aged seven days necrotic enteritis was reproduced even after repeated mono-infections with 4 x 10(9) gerus and toxin of cl. perfringens. the loss figures recorded from ground- ... | 1976 | 190969 |
| involvement of a type-8 avian adenovirus in the etiology of inclusion body hepatitis. | type-8 avian adenoviruses were isolated from chickens in a commerical flock suffering an outbreak of inclusion body hepatitis. serum-neutralizing titer to this type, but not to 7 other types of avian adenovirus, was more than 4 times as high in convalescing chickens as in chickens from the flock bled 2 weeks previously, during the disease outbreak. a disease similar to that in the commercial flock and to inclusion body hepatitis as described in the literature was produced by intra-abdominal inoc ... | 1977 | 190994 |
| a nonproducer t lymphoblastoid cell line from marek's disease transplantable tumor (jmv). | a continuous lymphoblastoid cell line was established from a jmv tumor transplant related to marek's disease (md). it is designated rpl1 (jmv) lymphoblastoid cell line. this cell line contains dna sequences complementary to md virus dna and has an antigen similar to md-tumor-associated surface antigen (matsa). however, it lacks any md virus (mdv) rescuable in vivo or in vitro. the cell line has surface antigens typical of chicken thymus cells (t cells) and histocompatability antigens different f ... | 1977 | 190995 |
| pathogenesis of abnormal feathers in chickens inoculated with reticuloendotheliosis virus. | abnormal feathers, characterized by thinness and increased transparency of the calamus and rachis, and loss of barbs, were induced at a high frequency by inoculating day-old chicks with reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) propagated in chicken-embryo fibroblast (cef) cultures. the few birds that survived inoculation with oncogenic stock of rev derived from liver tissue of an infected chick developed similar abnormalities. lesions of an inflammatory-degenerative type were observed in close associat ... | 1977 | 190996 |
| effect of maternal antibody on experimental infections of chickens with a type-8 avian adenovirus. | mortality was 60% when chickens without detectable maternal antibody to avian adenoviruses were inoculated intra-abdominally with 10(6) plaque-forming units of amg 5(2a), a type-8 avian adenovirus. other results were macroscopic and microscopic lesions in a wide range of organs, statistically significant depression of body weights, amg 5(2a) virus in the liver and feces, and high virus-neutralizing antibody titers to amg 5(2a). the disease produced was similar to that described in a previous rep ... | 1977 | 190997 |
| lysozyme-agarose interaction. | | 1977 | 191025 |
| the translation of globin messenger rna with use of muscle initiation factors. | the ability of embryonic chicken muscle initiation factors to translate rabbit globin messenger rna in an efficient, fractionated cell-free system has been examined. although muscle factors stimulate leucine incorporation to only 15--35% the levels achieved with rabbit reticulocyte initiation factors, they synthesize more than one globin chain per mrna molecule and both alpha and beta globin are produced. increasing the ribosome concentration and adding the polyamine spermidine to the system pro ... | 1977 | 191079 |
| changes in leucine aminotransferase isozymes by viral transformation and its correlation with the isozyme changes occurring during differentiation. | the isozyme pattern of leucine aminotransferase (ec 2.6.1.6) in various cell lines and their viral-transformed derivatives were examined. the wistar 3c rat liver cell line was found to contain only isozyme i, while its simian virus 40-transformed counterpart had isozyme iii in addition to isozyme i. a spontaneously transformed late passage clone of these liver cells was also found to have acquired isozyme iii. polyoma virus-transformed baby hamster kidney cells were also found to contain a great ... | 1977 | 191178 |
| polybrominated biphenyls (pbb) environmental contamination in michigan, 1973-1976. | | 1977 | 191251 |
| fatigability of normal and dystrophic chicken muscle in vivo. | | 1977 | 191271 |
| lymphoid cell lines from lymphomas of marek's disease. | | 1975 | 191350 |
| experimental evidence for influence of type-c viruses on marek's disease virus-associated oncogenesis. | | 1975 | 191359 |
| marek's disease virus dna in a chicken lymphoblastoid cell line (msb-1) and in virus-induced tumours. | | 1975 | 191363 |
| vaccination against oncogenic herpesviruses - a review. | | 1975 | 191377 |
| oncogenicity of avian leukosis viruses of different subgroups and of mutants of sarcoma viruses. | leukosis viruses of seven subgroups were tested for oncogenicity in chickens susceptible to virus infection and to development of lymphoid leukosis (ll) tumors. all subgroup a viruses and the subgroup b virus tested produced a high incidence of ll and other related neoplasms. viruses of subgroup c and rav-61 of subgroup f produced a low level of ll. the rav-50 of subgroup d produced osteopetrosis. in these tests, the viruses of subgroup e and g and one virus of subgroup f were not pathogenic, po ... | 1977 | 191400 |
| isolation from a transmissible lymphoid tumour (tlt) lymphoblastoid cell line of a herpesvirus similar to marek's disease virus. | a chicken lymphoblastoid cell line (tlt)-6855 originally established from an avian oncornavirus-induced lymphoma (siegfried and olson, 1972) was studied for the presence and expression of marek's disease virus (mdv) genome. by nucleic acid hybridization a significant amount of mdv dna was found in this cell line. this virus dna, however, was not expressed in either virus-specific intracellular or membrane antigens or the md-associated tumour-specific surface antigen (matsa). moreover, mdv-specif ... | 1977 | 191411 |
| chick brain calcium binding protein: response to cholecalciferol and some developmental aspects. | following oral administration of 3h-cholecalciferol to rachitic chicks, the radioactive metabolites found in brain tissues were separated by sephadex lh-20 chromatography. the parent vitamins and two biologically important metabolites, 25-hydroxycholecalciferol and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol were detected in the brain, although at relatively low levels. a comparison with other tissues suggested the brain was much less permeable to the vitamin d steroids than were other tissues. however, chron ... | 1977 | 191581 |
| contact transmission of avian leukosis virus. | intravenous inoculation of four age groups of white leghorn chicks with alv-f42, a group a field strain of avian leukosis virus (alv), indicated that persistent tolerant infection could be induced as late as 2 weeks post hatch, though most birds responded with neutralizing antibody. contact infection by environmental exposure to alv was 100% effective in newly hatched and 28-day-old chicks. all contact-infected birds responded immunologically after transient viremia. a follow-up of immune birds ... | 1977 | 191622 |
| distinguishable transformation-defective phenotypes among temperature-sensitive mutants of rous sarcoma virus. | eight transformation-defective, temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of the prague strain of rous sarcoma virus, subgroup a, have been isolated after mutagenesis with 5-bromodeoxyuridine followed by selection on the basis of focus tests. five of these mutants, ts gi201, gi202, gi203, gi204, and gi205, exhibit properties like most previously reported isolates in that they show a temperature-sensitive response to each of a variety of transformation-specific parameters tested. interestingly, gi201, i ... | 1977 | 191634 |
| pseudotypes of vesicular stomatitis virus with the mixed coat of reticuloendotheliosis virus and vesicular stomatitis virus. | vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv) forms pseudotypes with envelope components of reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev). the vsv pseudotype possesses the limited host range and antigenic properties of rev. approximately 70% of the vsv, indiana serotype, and 45% of vsv, new jersey serotype, produced from the rev strain t-transformed chicken bone marrow cells contain mixed envelope components of both vsv and rev. vsv pseudotypes with mixed envelope antigens can be neutralized with excess amounts of eithe ... | 1977 | 191647 |
| homogeneity and complexity of avian oncornavirus proviral dna determined by molecular hybridization. | the homogeneity of dna complementary to the 35s rna subunit of avian myeloblastosis virus (amv) has been demonstrated by single or multistep hybridization. for multistep hybridizations, 35s amv rna was preselected for its ability to hybridize either to unfractionated leukemic dna or to leukemic dna enriched for unique or for reiterated sequences. these experiments indicate that the viral genome is complementary to dna sequences with a low reiteration frequency. competition experiments confirm th ... | 1977 | 191654 |
| [effect of izatizon and ol-56 on the reproductive and transformational properties of marek's disease virus]. | | 1977 | 191986 |
| [control of the activity and quantity of carbohydrate metabolism enzymes during development]. | | 1976 | 192017 |