| differential performance and parasitism of caterpillars on maize inbred lines with distinctly different herbivore-induced volatile emissions. | plant volatiles induced by insect feeding are known to attract natural enemies of the herbivores. six maize inbred lines that showed distinctly different patterns of volatile emission in laboratory assays were planted in randomized plots in the central mexican highlands to test their ability to recruit parasitic wasps under field conditions. the plants were artificially infested with neonate larvae of the fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda, and two of its main endoparasitoids, campoletis sonore ... | 2012 | 23112820 |
| quality control of telenomus remus (hymenoptera: platygastridae) reared on the factitious host corcyra cephalonica (lepidoptera: pyralidae) for successive generations. | egg parasitoid rearing on factitious hosts is an important step to reduce costs and increase availability of the biocontrol agent but it requires quality control to achieve success in field conditions. to this end, this study evaluated the quality of telenomus remus (hymenoptera: platygastridae) reared on corcyra cephalonica (lepidoptera: pyralidae) for until 45 generations. in the first bioassay, we evaluated the body size of the laboratory-produced parasitoids. in the second bioassay, flight a ... | 2017 | 28382878 |
| geneoptimizer program-assisted cdna reengineering enhances srage autologous expression in chinese hamster ovary cells. | soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (srage) is a secreted mammalian protein that functions as a decoy to counter-react rage signaling-resultant pathological conditions, and has high therapeutic potentials. our prior studies showed that recombinant human srage expressed in chinese hamster, ceanothus griseus, ovary (cho) cells is modified by specific n-glycosylation, and exhibits higher bioactivity than that expressed in other host systems including insect spodoptera frugiperda ce ... | 2014 | 24373844 |
| the function of two p450s, cyp9m10 and cyp6aa7, in the permethrin resistance of culex quinquefasciatus. | cytochrome p450 monooxygenases play a critical role in insecticide resistance by allowing resistant insects to metabolize insecticides. previous studies revealed that two p450 genes, cyp9m10 and cyp6aa7, are not only up-regulated but also induced in resistant culex mosquitoes. in this study, cyp9m10 and cyp6aa7 were separately co-expressed with cytochrome p450 reductase (cpr) in insect spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) cells using a baculovirus-mediated expression system and the enzymatic activity and ... | 2017 | 28373679 |
| 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one: a bermuda grass phagostimulant to fall armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | a phagostimulant, 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-1-one (phytone), was isolated and identified from bermuda grass,cynodon dactylon (l.). the phagostimulant activity of this isoprenoid ketone was established from bioassays of fall armyworm larvae,spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith). larvae displayed increased body mass accumulation as well as preference to diet supplemented with this molecule. neonate larvae fed diet supplemented with chromatographic isolates of phytone-containing fractions from six b ... | 1992 | 24253874 |
| genetically engineered maize plants reveal distinct costs and benefits of constitutive volatile emissions in the field. | genetic manipulation of plant volatile emissions is a promising tool to enhance plant defences against herbivores. however, the potential costs associated with the manipulation of specific volatile synthase genes are unknown. therefore, we investigated the physiological and ecological effects of transforming a maize line with a terpene synthase gene in field and laboratory assays, both above- and below ground. the transformation, which resulted in the constitutive emission of (e)-β-caryophyllene ... | 2013 | 23425633 |
| a mechanism for sequence specificity in plant-mediated interactions between herbivores. | herbivore communities are shaped by indirect plant-mediated interactions whose outcomes are strongly dependent on the sequence of herbivore arrival. however, the mechanisms underlying sequence specificity are poorly understood. we examined the mechanisms that govern sequence-specific effects of the interaction between two specialist maize herbivores, the leaf feeder spodoptera frugiperda and the root feeder diabrotica virgifera virgifera. in the field, s. frugiperda reduces d. v. virgifera abund ... | 2017 | 27898177 |
| comparative analysis of expression profiling of the trypsin and chymotrypsin genes from lepidoptera species with different levels of sensitivity to soybean peptidase inhibitors. | peptidase inhibitors (pis) are essential proteins involved in plant resistance to herbivorous insects, yet many insect species are able to escape the negative effects of these molecules. we compared the effects of acute and chronic ingestion of soybean peptidase inhibitors (spis) on spodoptera frugiperda and diatraea saccharalis, two lepidoptera species with different sensitivities to spi ingestion. we analyzed the trypsin and chymotrypsin gene expression profiles in both species. acute exposure ... | 2017 | 26944308 |
| resistance risk assessment of spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) and diatraea saccharalis (lepidoptera: crambidae) to vip3aa20 insecticidal protein expressed in corn. | transgenic agrisure viptera 3 corn that expresses cry1ab, vip3aa20, and epsps proteins and agrisure viptera expressing vip3aa20 are used for control of spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) and diatraea saccharalis (f.) in brazil. to support a resistance management program, resistance risk assessment studies were conducted to characterize the dose expression of vip3aa20 protein and level of control against these species. the vip3aa20 expression in agrisure viptera 3 and agrisure viptera decreased f ... | 2015 | 26470366 |
| biological aspects of eriopis connexa (germar) (coleoptera: coccinellidae) fed on different insect pests of maize (zea mays l.) and sorghum [sorghum bicolor l. (moench.)]. | eriopis connexa (germar) (coleoptera: coccinellidae) occurs in several countries of south america and its mass rearing is important for biological control programmes. this work evaluated biological aspects of e. connexa larva fed on eggs of anagasta kuehniella (zeller) (lepidoptera: pyralidae) and spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) frozen for one day, fresh eggs of diatraea saccharalis (fabricius) (lepidoptera: pyralidae), s. frugiperda newly-hatched caterpillars, nymph ... | 2013 | 23917572 |
| probing inhibitory effects of nanocrystalline cellulose: inhibition versus surface charge. | ncc derived from different biomass sources was probed for its plausible cytotoxicity by electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ecis). two different cell lines, spodoptera frugiperda sf9 insect cells and chinese hamster lung fibroblast v79, were exposed to ncc and their spreading and viability were monitored and quantified by ecis. based on the 50%-inhibition concentration (ecis(50)), none of the ncc produced was judged to have any significant cytotoxicity on these two cell lines. however, nc ... | 2012 | 22252333 |
| cell-free systems: functional modules for synthetic and chemical biology. | : the main goal of cell-free protein synthesis is to produce correctly folded and functional proteins in reasonable amounts for further downstream applications. especially for eukaryotic proteins, functionality is often directly linked to the presence of posttranslational modifications. thus, it is of highest interest to develop novel cell-free expression systems that enable the synthesis of posttranslationally modified proteins. here we present recent advances for the synthesis of glycoproteins ... | 2013 | 23576054 |
| monitoring of potential cytotoxic and inhibitory effects of titanium dioxide using on-line and non-invasive cell-based impedance spectroscopy. | titanium dioxide (tio2) nanoparticles (nps) with different sizes and structures were probed for plausible cytotoxicity using electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ecis), a non-invasive and on-line procedure for continuous monitoring of cytotoxicity. for insect cells (spodoptera frugiperda sf9), the ecis50 values, i.e., the concentration required to achieve 50% inhibition of the response, differed depending on the size and shape of the tio2 nanostructure. the lowest ecis50 value (158 ppm) wa ... | 2013 | 23622968 |
| semiochemicals from herbivory induced cotton plants enhance the foraging behavior of the cotton boll weevil, anthonomus grandis. | the boll weevil, anthonomus grandis, has been monitored through deployment of traps baited with aggregation pheromone components. however, field studies have shown that the number of insects caught in these traps is significantly reduced during cotton squaring, suggesting that volatiles produced by plants at this phenological stage may be involved in attraction. here, we evaluated the chemical profile of volatile organic compounds (vocs) emitted by undamaged or damaged cotton plants at different ... | 2012 | 23179097 |
| characterization of a novel peptide toxin from acanthoscurria paulensis spider venom: a distinct cysteine assignment to the hwtx-ii family. | spider venom toxins have raised interest in prospecting new drugs and pesticides. nevertheless, few studies are conducted with tarantula toxins, especially with species found in brazil. this study aims to characterize chemically and biologically the first toxin isolated from acanthoscurria paulensis venom. ap1a consists of 48 amino acid residues and has a molecular mass of 5457.79 da. the cloned gene encodes a putative sequence of 23 amino acid residues for the signal peptide and 27 for the pro- ... | 2013 | 23496776 |
| sublethal effects of essential oils from eucalyptus staigeriana (myrtales: myrtaceae), ocimum gratissimum (lamiales: laminaceae), and foeniculum vulgare (apiales: apiaceae) on the biology of spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | spodoptera frugiperda (smith 1797) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) is a major pest of maize, zea mays l. its control is often achieved through repeated applications per season of insecticides, which may lead to adverse effects on the ecosystem. thus, the study of alternative methods with less environmental impact has expanded to include the use of essential oils. these oils are products of the secondary metabolism in plants, and their insecticidal activity has been widely demonstrated in populations of ... | 2016 | 26868417 |
| spodoptera frugiperda fkbp-46 is a consensus p53 motif binding protein. | p53 protein, the central molecule of the apoptosis pathway, is mutated in 50% of the human cancers. of late, p53 homologues have been identified from different invertebrates including drosophila melanogaster, caenorhabditis elegans, squid, and clams. we report the identification of a p53-like protein in spodoptera frugiperda (sf9) insect cells, which is activated during oxidative stress, caused by exposure to uv-b or h(2) o(2) , and binds to p53 consensus dna binding motifs as well as other p53 ... | 2013 | 23097306 |
| baculoviruses modulate a proapoptotic dna damage response to promote virus multiplication. | the baculovirus autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus (acmnpv) initiates apoptosis in diverse insects through events triggered by virus dna (vdna) replication. to define the proapoptotic pathway and its role in antivirus defense, we investigated the link between the host's dna damage response (ddr) and apoptosis. we report here that acmnpv elicits a ddr in the model insect drosophila melanogaster. replication of vdna activated ddr kinases, as evidenced by atm-driven phosphoryla ... | 2012 | 23035220 |
| interaction effect between herbivory and plant fertilization on extrafloral nectar production and on seed traits: an experimental study with ricinus communis (euphorbiaceae). | it is known that the release of volatile chemicals by many plants can attract the natural enemies of herbivorous insects. such indirect interactions are likely when plants produce nectar from their extrafloral nectaries, and particularly when the production of extrafloral nectar (efn) is induced by herbivory. in the present study, we conducted experiments to test whether foliar herbivory inflicted by spodoptera frugiperda smith (noctuidae) increases nectar production by extrafloral nectaries on ... | 2016 | 27247300 |
| modification of esterified cell wall phenolics increases vulnerability of tall fescue to herbivory by the fall armyworm. | feruloylation of arabinoxylan in grass cell walls leads to cross-linked xylans. such cross-linking appears to play a role in plant resistance to pathogens and insect herbivores. in this study, we investigated the effect of ferulate cross-linking on resistance to herbivory by fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) making use of genetically modified tall fescue [schedonorus arundinaceus (festuca arundinacea)] expressing a ferulic acid esterase gene. mature leaves of these plants have significant re ... | 2012 | 22434315 |
| a theoretical approach to analyze the parametric influence on spatial patterns of spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) populations. | studies of the influence of biological parameters on the spatial distribution of lepidopteran insects can provide useful information for managing agricultural pests, since the larvae of many species cause serious impacts on crops. computational models to simulate the spatial dynamics of insect populations are increasingly used, because of their efficiency in representing insect movement. in this study, we used a cellular automata model to explore different patterns of population distribution of ... | 2016 | 27943025 |
| toxicity of secondary metabolites from meliaceae against spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). | the study was carried out to evaluate the bioactivity of secondary metabolites from trichilia pallida, trichilia pallens, and toona ciliata against fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith) larvae. the studied compounds included (+/-)-catechins, a triglyceride, and cedrelone isolated from t. ciliata branches, fruits, and stems, respectively; dammaradienol isolated from t. pallida leaves; and scopoletin isolated from t. pallens branches. the compounds' activity was evaluated through inges ... | 2016 | 27379760 |
| on-plant larval movement and feeding behavior of fall armyworm (lepidoptera: noctuidae) on reproductive corn stages. | spodoptera frugiperda j.e. smith (fall armyworm) is considered one of the most destructive pests of corn throughout the americas. although this pest has been extensively studied, little is known about its larval movement and feeding behavior on reproductive compared to vegetative corn stages. thus, we conducted studies with two corn stages (r1 and r3) and four corn plant zones (tassel, above ear, ear zone, and below ear) in the field at concord, ne (usa), and in the field and greenhouse at botuc ... | 2016 | 26476276 |
| mortality dynamics of spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae) immatures in maize. | we characterized the dynamics of mortality factors affecting immature developmental stages of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). multiple decrement life tables for egg and early larval stages of s. frugiperda in maize (zea mays l.) fields were developed with and without augmentative releases of telenomus remus nixon (hymenoptera: platygastridae) from 2009 to 2011. total egg mortality ranged from 73 to 81% and the greatest egg mortality was due to invi ... | 2015 | 26098422 |
| microsatellite markers for genetic studies of the fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda. | we developed six microsatellite markers for the fall armyworm spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae). the ssr loci were isolated with enriched genomic library protocol by using native individuals as a genome source for markers. these loci were characterized in 48 individuals and they were tested for the ability to identify candidate migrants exchanged among the samples. the number of alleles per locus ranged from 5 to 18 (10.8 on average). the observed polymorphism information content ra ... | 2013 | 23420361 |
| characterization of a spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus isolate that does not liquefy the integument of infected larvae. | here we report the characterization of a spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus isolate, named sfmnpv-6nd, that does not cause the liquefaction of the host integument. the sequencing of the chitinase a (v-chia) gene from sfmnpv-6nd revealed that it had a frameshift mutation that greatly reduced size of the putative enzyme. in order to evaluate the suitability of sfmpnv-6nd as a biopesticide, this isolate was compared with the highly virulent sfmnpv-19. our results showed that the lc ... | 2012 | 22884675 |
| first report of dolichozele koebelei viereck, 1911 (hymenoptera: braconidae) on larvae of spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith, 1797) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) in maize (zea mays l.) under different cropping systems. | in the context of the modern agriculture, pest control is important in order to increase productivity in maize (zea mays l.). however, this control should be done rationally, prioritising environmentally safer methods such as biological control. this paper aims to report the occurrence of dolichozele koebelei viereck, 1911 (hymenoptera: braconidae) in spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith, 1797) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) larvae collected in maize subjected to different cropping systems. the experime ... | 2014 | 25627388 |
| telenomus remus nixon egg parasitization of three species of spodoptera under different temperatures. | telenomus remus nixon is a promising biocontrol agent as an egg parasitoid of spodoptera spp., but the lack of information on the host-parasitoid interactions in this system precludes its applied use in agriculture. therefore, we studied the parasitism capacity of t. remus on eggs of spodoptera cosmioides (walker), spodoptera eridania (cramer), and spodoptera frugiperda (smith) in a range of temperatures (19, 22, 25, 28, 31, and 34 ± 1°c) under controlled conditions (70 ± 10% rh and 12 h photoph ... | 2013 | 23949860 |
| sources of fall armyworm,spodoptera frugiperda (lepidoptera: noctuidae), kairomones eliciting host-finding behavior incotesia (=apanteles) marginivenitris (hymenoptera: braconidae). | bioassay responses incotesia marginiventris (cresson) females to materials derived from fall armyworm (faw) larvae,spodoptera frugiperda (j. e. smith), were most intense for frass and somewhat less intense for larval and pupal cutical materials, scales, exuviae, silk, and oral secretion, with faw larval hemolymph eliciting only a slight response. the highest percentage of ovipositor probing was caused by frass (100%) and moth scales (90%). various types of corn-leaf damage when assayed alone did ... | 1984 | 24318846 |
| insensitive trypsins are differentially transcribed during spodoptera frugiperda adaptation against plant protease inhibitors. | 0the fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) is an important pest insect due to high degree of polyphagia. in order to better understand its adaptation mechanism against plant protease inhibitors, bioassays were carried supplementing diet with the kunitz trypsin inhibitor from entada acaciifolia seeds (eati). in vitro assays showed an increase of proteolytic activity in eati-fed larvae midgut. moreover, the trypsin enzymes showed insensitivity to inhibition with eati. in order to understand what g ... | 2013 | 23466392 |
| methyl jasmonate increases the tropane alkaloid scopolamine and reduces natural herbivory in brugmansia suaveolens: is scopolamine responsible for plant resistance? | the tropane alkaloid (ta) scopolamine is suggested to protect brugmansia suaveolens (solanaceae) against herbivorous insects. to test this prediction in a natural environment, scopolamine was induced by methyl jasmonate (mj) in potted plants which were left 10 days in the field. mj-treated plants increased their scopolamine concentration in leaves and herbivory decreased. these findings suggest a cause-effect relationship. however, experiments in laboratory showed that scopolamine affect differe ... | 2012 | 23950002 |
| fall armyworm, spodoptera frugiperda (j.e. smith) (lepidoptera: noctuidae), female moths respond to herbivore-induced corn volatiles. | in response to herbivore attack, plants release herbivore-induced plant volatiles (hipvs) that represent important chemical cues for herbivore natural enemies. additionally, hipvs have been shown to mediate other ecological interactions with herbivores. differently from natural enemies that are generally attracted to hipvs, herbivores can be either attracted or repelled depending on several biological and ecological parameters. our study aimed to assess the olfactory response of fall armyworm-ma ... | 2012 | 23950005 |
| stable integration and expression of a cry1ia gene conferring resistance to fall armyworm and boll weevil in cotton plants. | boll weevil is a serious pest of cotton crop. effective control involves applications of chemical insecticides, increasing the cost of production and environmental pollution. the current genetically modified bt crops have allowed great benefits to farmers but show activity limited to lepidopteran pests. this work reports on procedures adopted for integration and expression of a cry transgene conferring resistance to boll weevil and fall armyworm by using molecular tools. | 2016 | 26558603 |
| determination and analysis of the genome sequence of spodoptera littoralis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus. | the spodoptera littoralis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (splimnpv), a pathogen of the egyptian cotton leaf worm s. littoralis, was subjected to sequencing of its entire dna genome and bioassay analysis comparing its virulence to that of other baculoviruses. the annotated splimnpv genome of 137,998 bp was found to harbor 132 open reading frames and 15 homologous repeat regions. four unique genes not present in spltmnpv were identified, as were 14 genes that were absent or translocated by comparis ... | 2013 | 23219924 |
| transgenic cotton plants expressing cry1ia12 toxin confer resistance to fall armyworm (spodoptera frugiperda) and cotton boll weevil (anthonomus grandis). | gossypium hirsutum (commercial cooton) is one of the most economically important fibers sources and a commodity crop highly affected by insect pests and pathogens. several transgenic approaches have been developed to improve cotton resistance to insect pests, through the transgenic expression of different factors, including cry toxins, proteinase inhibitors, and toxic peptides, among others. in the present study, we developed transgenic cotton plants by fertilized floral buds injection (through ... | 2016 | 26925081 |
| chloroplast-targeted expression of recombinant crystal-protein gene in cotton: an unconventional combat with resistant pests. | plants transformed with single bt gene are liable to develop insect resistance and this has already been reported in a number of studies carried out around the world where bt cotton was cultivated on commercial scale. later, it was envisaged to transform plants with more than one bt genes in order to combat with resistant larvae. this approach seems valid as various bt genes possess different binding domains which could delay the likely hazards of insect resistance against a particular bt toxin. ... | 2013 | 23643479 |