| ascaris suum enolase is a potential vaccine candidate against ascariasis. | ascariasis caused by ascaris is the most common parasite problem in humans and pigs worldwide. no vaccines are available for the prevention of ascaris infections. in the present study, the gene encoding ascaris suum enolase (as-enol-1) was amplified, cloned and sequenced. amino acid sequence alignment indicated that as-enol-1 was highly conserved between different nematodes and shared the highest identity (87%) with enolase from anisakis simplex s.l. the recombinant pvax-enol was successfully ex ... | 2012 | 22465737 |
| survival of ascaris suum and ascaridia galli eggs in liquid manure at different ammonia concentrations and temperatures. | eggs of ascaris suum from pigs are highly resistant and commonly used as a conservative indicator of pathogen inactivation during slurry storage. eggs of ascaridia galli, the poultry ascarid, are also known to be highly resistant but the suitability as an indicator of pathogen inactivation has never been tested. pig slurry has to be stored for several months to inactivate pathogens but chemical treatment of slurry may reduce this time. the suitability of a. galli as an indicator of slurry sanita ... | 2014 | 24893691 |
| seroepidemiology of human toxocara and ascaris infections in the netherlands. | toxocara canis, toxocara cati and ascaris suum are worldwide-distributed zoonotic roundworms of dogs, cats and pigs, respectively. the epidemiology of these parasites in developed countries is largely unclear. two countrywide cross-sectional serosurveys were therefore conducted in the netherlands in 1995/1996 and 2006/2007 to investigate the prevalence, trends and risk factors for human toxocara and ascaris infections in the general population. the netherlands is characterized by high pig produc ... | 2016 | 27234034 |
| community rates of igg4 antibodies to ascaris haemoglobin reflect changes in community egg loads following mass drug administration. | conventional diagnostic methods for human ascariasis are based on the detection of ascaris lumbricoides eggs in stool samples. however, studies of ascariasis in pigs have shown that the prevalence and the number of eggs detected in the stool do not correlate well with exposure of the herd to the parasite. on the other hand, an elisa test measuring antibodies to ascaris suum haemoglobin (ashb) has been shown to be useful for estimating transmission intensity on pig farms. in this study, we furthe ... | 2016 | 26991326 |
| ascaris lumbricoides or ascaris suum: what's in a name? | | 2016 | 26908754 |
| ascaris lumbricoides, ascaris suum, or "ascaris lumbrisuum"? | | 2016 | 26908753 |
| detection of intestinal parasites on field-grown strawberries in the federal district of brazil. | this study evaluated the presence of pathogenic human parasites on field-grown strawberries in the federal district of brazil. | 2015 | 25626665 |
| comparison of methodologies for enumerating and detecting the viability of ascaris eggs in sewage sludge by standard incubation-microscopy, the baclight live/dead viability assay and other vital dyes. | the aim of this study was to evaluate the live/dead baclight viability kit as a method for enumerating viable eggs of ascaris suum in sewage sludge as a surrogate for the human roundworm. the number and viability status of eggs of a. suum were accurately measured directly in sewage sludge samples by the baclight method, compared to the conventional incubation-microscopy procedure. baclight stains were not toxic to a. suum eggs, in contrast to some conventional vital dyes which disrupted viable e ... | 2015 | 25462759 |
| immunoblot for the detection of ascaris suum-specific antibodies in patients with visceral larva migrans (vlm) syndrome. | visceral larva migrans (vlm) syndrome caused by toxocara canis larvae was first described in the 1950s. the role of other nematode larvae, i.e. the pig roundworm ascaris suum as a causative agent of visceral larva migrans-associated symptoms like general malaise, cough, liver dysfunction, hypereosinophilia with hepatomegaly and/or pneumonia, was discussed controversially during the last decades. recent serological screening studies for specific a. suum antibodies carried out in the netherlands a ... | 2015 | 25367210 |
| antiparasitic efficacy of a novel plant-based functional food using an ascaris suum model in pigs. | ascaris lumbricoides is the most prevalent soil-transmitted helminth (sth) infection of human beings worldwide. chemotherapy with synthetic anthelmintics such as albendazole, mebendazole, and pyrantel pamoate is the current method of treatment; however, the emergence of anthelmintic resistance could substantially decrease the efficacy of such treatments and the sustainability of sth control programs. additionally, benzimidazoles are not recommended for pregnant women or children under age one. a ... | 2014 | 24979686 |
| comparative analysis of microrna profiles between adult ascaris lumbricoides and ascaris suum. | the parasitic nematodes ascaris lumbricoides and a. suum are of great public health and economic significance, and the two taxa were proposed to represent a single species. mirnas are known with functions of gene regulations at post-transcriptional level. | 2014 | 24766827 |
| molecular epidemiology of ascariasis: a global perspective on the transmission dynamics of ascaris in people and pigs. | the roundworm ascaris lumbricoides infects 0.8 billion people worldwide, and ascaris suum infects innumerable pigs across the globe. the extent of natural cross-transmission of ascaris between pig and human hosts in different geographical settings is unknown, warranting investigation. | 2014 | 24688073 |
| complete mitochondrial genomes of chimpanzee- and gibbon-derived ascaris isolated from a zoological garden in southwest china. | roundworms (ascaridida: nematoda), one of the most common soil-transmitted helminths (sths), can cause ascariasis in various hosts worldwide, ranging from wild to domestic animals and humans. despite the veterinary and health importance of the ascaridida species, little or no attention has been paid to roundworms infecting wild animals including non-human primates due to the current taxon sampling and survey bias in this order. importantly, there has been considerable controversy over the years ... | 2013 | 24358225 |
| the intestinal expulsion of the roundworm ascaris suum is associated with eosinophils, intra-epithelial t cells and decreased intestinal transit time. | ascaris lumbricoides remains the most common endoparasite in humans, yet there is still very little information available about the immunological principles of protection, especially those directed against larval stages. due to the natural host-parasite relationship, pigs infected with a. suum make an excellent model to study the mechanisms of protection against this nematode. in pigs, a self-cure reaction eliminates most larvae from the small intestine between 14 and 21 days post infection. in ... | 2013 | 24340121 |
| potential of recombinant inorganic pyrophosphatase antigen as a new vaccine candidate against baylisascaris schroederi in mice. | the intestinal nematode baylisascaris schroederi is an important cause of death for wild and captive giant pandas. inorganic pyrophosphatases (ppases) are critical for development and molting in nematode parasites and represent potential targets for vaccination. here, a new ppase homologue, bsc-pyp-1, from b. schroederi was identified and characterized, and its potential as a vaccine candidate was evaluated in a mouse challenge model. sequence alignment of ppases from nematode parasites and othe ... | 2013 | 24090087 |
| bacillus thuringiensis-derived cry5b has potent anthelmintic activity against ascaris suum. | ascaris suum and ascaris lumbricoides are two closely related geo-helminth parasites that ubiquitously infect pigs and humans, respectively. ascaris suum infection in pigs is considered a good model for a. lumbricoides infection in humans because of a similar biology and tissue migration to the intestines. ascaris lumbricoides infections in children are associated with malnutrition, growth and cognitive stunting, immune defects, and, in extreme cases, life-threatening blockage of the digestive t ... | 2013 | 23818995 |
| viability of six species of larval and non-larval helminth eggs for different conditions of temperature, ph and dryness. | helminth eggs are the most difficult biological parasites to inactivate in wastewater and sludge. in developing countries, in particular, they are present in high concentrations and are the cause of many diseases that impact seriously on the human population. the process conditions for affordable inactivation are very variable, leading to different inactivation efficiencies. temperature, dryness, ph and the developmental stage of the eggs must be taken into consideration to achieve complete inac ... | 2012 | 22794801 |
| assessing the zoonotic potential of ascaris suum and trichuris suis: looking to the future from an analysis of the past. | the two geohelminths, ascaris lumbricoides and trichuris trichiura, infect more than a billion people worldwide but are only reported sporadically in the developed part of the world. in contrast, the closely related species a. suum and t. suis in pigs have a truly global distribution, with infected pigs found in most production systems. in areas where pigs and humans live in close proximity or where pig manure is used as fertilizer on vegetables for human consumption, there is a potential risk o ... | 2012 | 22423595 |
| detecting and enumerating soil-transmitted helminth eggs in soil: new method development and results from field testing in kenya and bangladesh. | globally, about 1.5 billion people are infected with at least one species of soil-transmitted helminth (sth). soil is a critical environmental reservoir of sth, yet there is no standard method for detecting sth eggs in soil. we developed a field method for enumerating sth eggs in soil and tested the method in bangladesh and kenya. the us environmental protection agency (epa) method for enumerating ascaris eggs in biosolids was modified through a series of recovery efficiency experiments; we seed ... | 2017 | 28379956 |
| an in vitro larval migration assay for assessing anthelmintic activity of different drug classes against ascaris suum. | in vitro methods have been developed for the detection of anthelmintic resistance in a range of nematode species. however, the life cycle of ascaris suum renders the commonly used egg hatch assay and larval development assay unusable. in this study we developed a combined multi-well culture and agar gel larval migration assay to test the effect of benzimidazole and tetrahydropyrimidin/imidazothiazole anthelmintics against nine isolates of a. suum collected from locations in china and denmark. dr ... | 2017 | 28342672 |
| effect of fenbendazole in water on pigs infected with ascaris suum in finishing pigs under field conditions. | the husbandry of pigs for meat production is a constantly developing industry. most studies on the effects of ascaris suum infection in pigs and its prevention with anthelmintics are over a decade old. we examined the effect of 2.5mg fenbendazole per kg bodyweight administered in drinking water for two consecutive days on a. suum infection 1 and 6 weeks after pigs arrived to fattening units. we hypothesised that the treatment would reduce the presence of a. suum-infections, improve the average d ... | 2017 | 28285891 |
| direct experimental manipulation of intestinal cells in ascaris suum, with minor influences on the global transcriptome. | ascaris suum provides a powerful model for studying parasitic nematodes, including individual tissues such as the intestine, an established target for anthelmintic treatments. here, we add a valuable experimental component to our existing functional, proteomic, transcriptomic and phylogenomic studies of the ascaris suum intestine, by developing a method to manipulate intestinal cell functions via direct delivery of experimental treatments (in this case, double-stranded (ds)rna) to the apical int ... | 2017 | 28223178 |
| rational design of reversible inhibitors for trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatases. | in some organisms, environmental stress triggers trehalose biosynthesis that is catalyzed collectively by trehalose 6-phosphate synthase, and trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase (t6pp). t6pp catalyzes the hydrolysis of trehalose 6-phosphate (t6p) to trehalose and inorganic phosphate and is a promising target for the development of antibacterial, antifungal and antihelminthic therapeutics. herein, we report the design, synthesis and evaluation of a library of aryl d-glucopyranoside 6-sulfates to se ... | 2017 | 28192710 |
| two opposite dose-dependent effects of diazinon on the motor activity of the rat ileum. | acute poisoning with ops may lead to a range of neurological effects, which cannot be explained by ache inhibition alone. several ops interact directly with cholinergic receptors in mammals, but such data does not exist for invertebrates. the aim of current study was to investigate the direct and indirect effects of diazinon on the contractions of rat ileum and to compare those effects on the nervemuscle preparation of the ascaris suum. in the presence of increasing concentrations of diazinon (3 ... | 2017 | 28107667 |
| (s)-5-ethynyl-anabasine, a novel compound, is a more potent agonist than other nicotine alkaloids on the nematode asu-acr-16 receptor. | nematode parasites infect ∼2 billion people world-wide. infections are treated and prevented by anthelmintic drugs, some of which act on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs). there is an unmet need for novel therapeutic agents because of concerns about the development of resistance. we have selected asu-acr-16 from a significant nematode parasite genus, ascaris suum, as a pharmaceutical target and nicotine as our basic moiety (ec50 6.21 ± 0.56 μm, imax 82.39 ± 2.52%) to facilitate the deve ... | 2017 | 28033523 |
| transcriptional immune response in mesenteric lymph nodes in pigs with different levels of resistance to ascaris suum. | a single nucleotide polymorphism on chromosome 4 (snp txnip) has been reported to be associated with roundworm (ascaris suum) burden in pigs. the objective of the present study was to analyse the immune response to a. suum mounted by pigs with genotype aa (n = 24) and ab (n = 23) at the txnip locus. the pigs were repeatedly infected with a. suum from eight weeks of age until necropsy eight weeks later. an uninfected control group (aa; n = 5 and ab; n = 5) was also included. at post mortem, we co ... | 2017 | 28030356 |
| the cholinomimetic morantel as an open channel blocker of the ascaris suum acr-16 nachr. | nematode parasite infections pose a significant threat in human and veterinary medicine. at least a third of the world's population is at risk from nematode parasite infections. these infections not only cause health problems, but also cause loss of livestock production and hence, economic losses. anthelmintic drugs are the mainstay by which control of nematode parasite infections is achieved. many of the currently available anthelmintics act on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nachrs). howeve ... | 2016 | 27995347 |
| a phosphorylcholine-containing glycolipid-like antigen present on the surface of infective stage larvae of ascaris spp. is a major antibody target in infected pigs and humans. | the pig parasite ascaris suum plays and important role in veterinary medicine and represents a suitable model for a. lumbricoides, which infects over 800 million people. in pigs, continued exposure to ascaris induces immunity at the level of the gut, protecting the host against migrating larvae. the objective of this study was to identify and characterize parasite antigens targeted by this local immune response that may be crucial for parasite invasion and establishment and to evaluate their pro ... | 2016 | 27906979 |
| transferring luminex® cytokine assays to a wall-less plate technology: validation and comparison study with plasma and cell culture supernatants. | luminex® technology provides a powerful methodology for multiplex cytokine detection but remains constrained by high costs and a minimum of 25-50μl sample volume requirement per assay-well often hindering analysis of limited biological samples. here we compare the results of luminex-based cytokine multiplexing assay performed using conventional 96-well microtiter plates and a particular 96-well wall-less plate based on droparray® technology ("da-bead"). the application of the da-bead plate allow ... | 2017 | 27840065 |
| prevalence and risk factors for gastrointestinal parasites in small-scale pig enterprises in central and eastern uganda. | in eastern africa, small-scale pig keeping has emerged as a popular activity to generate additional household income. infections of pigs with gastrointestinal helminths can limit production output, increase production costs, and pose zoonotic risks. a cross-sectional, community-based study in three districts in eastern and central uganda examined the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminthes and associated risk factors in 932 randomly sampled pigs. using the combined sedimentation-flotation meth ... | 2017 | 27785599 |
| effect of volatile fatty acids in anaerobic conditions on viability of helminth ova (ascaris suum) in sanitization of municipal sludge. | the present work aimed at evaluating the effect of four different mixtures of diverse volatile fatty acids (vfas) on the viability of helminth ova (ascaris suum), under mesophilic (35°c) anaerobic conditions and at different incubation times, in order to reproduce the process of two-phase anaerobic digestion. the mixtures of vfas contained acetic, propionic, butyric, valeric, and isovaleric acids, used at concentrations normally found in acidogenic anaerobic digesters. the four treatments all sh ... | 2016 | 27784197 |
| characterisation of a new, highly effective method for detecting nematode eggs (ascaris spp., toxocara spp., trichuris spp.) in sewage sludge containing flocculants. | because traditional methods used for sewage sludge parasitological examinations have low sensitivity, a new, highly effective method (own method - om) was devised. the principle of this method is to eliminate the flocculent effect on the structure of sewage sludge by mechanically damaging floccules in the presence of surfactants and to increase the effectiveness of egg isolation processes in large volumes of liquids. the objective of this study was to estimate the effectiveness of the om in dete ... | 2016 | 27688120 |
| löffler syndrome on a louisiana pig farm. | löffler syndrome, a fulminant eosinophilic pneumonitis associated with the larval migratory phase of human parasites, is rarely reported in the united states. a previously healthy 8-year-old male was hospitalized with tachypnea, cough, hypoxemia, and fever of one week's duration. history revealed exposure to pigs on his family's farm in southernmost louisiana, where the patient was responsible for cleaning the farm's pigpens. his fingernails were soiled and extremely short, with the edge of the ... | 2016 | 27709064 |
| occurrence, clinical involvement and zoonotic potential of endoparasites infecting swiss pigs. | in order to estimate the diversity, clinical involvement and zoonotic potential of parasites in pigs submitted for diagnosis to the pathopig project of the swiss federal food safety and veterinary office, faeces (n=125) from suckling piglets (n=39), weaners (n=60) and piglets beginning fattening (n=26) from 74 swiss farms were examined by 3 coproscopical methods (i.e. sedimentation/zinc chloride-flotation; safc and ziehl-neelsen staining). samples microscopically positive for cryptosporidium wer ... | 2016 | 27639842 |
| optimal elisa antigen for the diagnosis of ascaris suum infection in humans. | ascarid nematodes, ascaris suum, toxocara canis and toxocara cati, are the most important causative species of larva migrans syndrome (lms) in humans. although the diagnosis of ascarid lms is generally based on serological tests, specific serological tests for a. suum infection have not been fully developed. in the present study, the sensitivity and specificity of three a. suum antigen preparations, i.e., the somatic adult worm antigen (as-swap), larval excretory-secretory (es) antigens derived ... | 2016 | 27604123 |
| differential chromosomal localization of centromeric histone cenp-a contributes to nematode programmed dna elimination. | the stability of the genome is paramount to organisms. however, diverse eukaryotes carry out programmed dna elimination in which portions or entire chromsomes are lost in early development or during sex determination. during early development of the parasitic nematode, ascaris suum, 13% of the genome is eliminated. how different genomic segments are reproducibly retained or discarded is unknown. here, we show that centromeric histone cenp-a localization plays a key role in this process. we show ... | 2016 | 27545882 |
| evaluating the efficacy of a centrifugation-flotation method for extracting ascaris ova from soil. | soil transmitted helminths (sth) continue to be associated with high burdens of disease, with an estimated 1.45 billion people infected with sth globally. the promotion and construction of latrines is considered the first barrier to prevent transmission of sth. the absence of a reliable method to extract sth ova from soil makes it challenging to examine whether the use of latrines may or may not have an effect on environmental contamination with ova. the present study evaluated the recovery rate ... | 2016 | 27496514 |
| demodex phylloides infection in swine reared in a peri-urban family farm located on the outskirts of the metropolitan region of são paulo, brazil. | this paper reports the occurrence of porcine demodicosis caused by the mite demodex phylloides in hogs reared in a peri-urban family farm located in francisco morato, a municipality of the metropolitan region of são paulo, capital city of the state of são paulo, brazil. in a parcel of forty landrace - large white cross hogs, approximately four months old, four animals presented severe skin lesions in the form of small nodules over their entire body, especially in the periocular region, snout, lo ... | 2016 | 27341742 |
| anthelmintic properties of traditional african and caribbean medicinal plants: identification of extracts with potent activity against ascaris suum in vitro. | ascariasis affects more than 1 billion people worldwide, mainly in developing countries, causing substantial morbidity. current treatments for ascaris infection are based on mass drug administration (mda) with synthetic anthelmintic drugs such as albendazole, however continual re-infection and the threat of drug resistance mean that complementary treatment options would be highly valuable. here, we screened ethanolic extracts from 29 medicinal plants used in africa (ghana) and the caribbean (us ... | 2016 | 27301442 |
| pharmacological profile of ascaris suum acr-16, a new homomeric nicotinic acetylcholine receptor widely distributed in ascaris tissues. | control of nematode parasite infections relies largely on anthelmintic drugs, several of which act on nicotinic ach receptors (nachrs), and there are concerns about the development of resistance. there is an urgent need for development of new compounds to overcome resistance and novel anthelmintic drug targets. we describe the functional expression and pharmacological characterization of a homomeric nachr, acr-16, from a nematode parasite. | 2016 | 27238203 |
| similarity of a 16.5kda tegumental protein of the human liver fluke opisthorchis viverrini to nematode cytoplasmic motility protein. | opisthorchis viverrini is the causative agent of human opisthorchiasis in thailand and long lasting infection with the parasite has been correlated with the development of cholangiocarcinoma. in this work we have molecularly characterized the first member of a protein family carrying two dm9 repeats in this parasite (ovdm9-1). interpro and other protein family databases describe the dm9 repeat as a protein domain of unknown function that has been first noted in drosophila melanogaster. two paral ... | 2016 | 27140280 |
| genomes of parasitic nematodes (meloidogyne hapla, meloidogyne incognita, ascaris suum and brugia malayi) have a reduced complement of small rna interference pathway genes: knockdown can reduce host infectivity of m. incognita. | the discovery of rna interference (rnai) as an endogenous mechanism of gene regulation in a range of eukaryotes has resulted in its extensive use as a tool for functional genomic studies. it is important to study the mechanisms which underlie this phenomenon in different organisms, and in particular to understand details of the effectors that modulate its effectiveness. the aim of this study was to identify and compare genomic sequences encoding genes involved in the rnai pathway of four parasit ... | 2016 | 27126863 |
| proanthocyanidins inhibit ascaris suum glutathione-s-transferase activity and increase susceptibility of larvae to levamisole in vitro. | proanthocyanidins (pac) are a class of plant secondary metabolites commonly found in the diet that have shown potential to control gastrointestinal nematode infections. the anti-parasitic mechanism(s) of pac remain obscure, however the protein-binding properties of pac suggest that disturbance of key enzyme functions may be a potential mode of action. glutathione-s-transferases (gsts) are essential for parasite detoxification and have been investigated as drug and vaccine targets. here, we show ... | 2016 | 27094225 |
| the ascaris suum nicotinic receptor, acr-16, as a drug target: four novel negative allosteric modulators from virtual screening. | soil-transmitted helminth infections in humans and livestock cause significant debility, reduced productivity and economic losses globally. there are a limited number of effective anthelmintic drugs available for treating helminths infections, and their frequent use has led to the development of resistance in many parasite species. there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic drugs for treating these parasites. we have chosen the acr-16 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor of ascaris suum (asu-acr- ... | 2016 | 27054065 |
| compartmentalization of functions and predicted mirna regulation among contiguous regions of the nematode intestine. | the intestine of parasitic nematodes has proven an important target for therapies aimed at prevention and treatment of diseases caused by these pathogens in humans, animals and plants. we have developed a unique research model with the intestine of ascaris suum, the large round worm of swine and humans, that will enhance biological research on this tissue. to expand utility of this model, we quantitatively compared expression of 15,382 coding rnas and 277 noncoding, micro rnas (mirnas) among 3 c ... | 2016 | 27002534 |
| effects of disinfectants on larval development of ascaris suum eggs. | the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of several different commercial disinfectants on the embryogenic development of ascaris suum eggs. a 1-ml aliquot of each disinfectant was mixed with approximately 40,000 decorticated or intact a. suum eggs in sterile tubes. after each treatment time (at 0.5, 1, 5, 10, 30, and 60 min), disinfectants were washed away, and egg suspensions were incubated at 25˚c in distilled water for development of larvae inside. at 3 weeks of incubation afte ... | 2016 | 26951988 |
| anthelmintic activity of chicory (cichorium intybus): in vitro effects on swine nematodes and relationship to sesquiterpene lactone composition. | chicory is a perennial crop that has been investigated as a forage source for outdoor-reared ruminants and pigs, and has been reported to have anthelmintic properties. here, we investigated in vitro anthelmintic effects of forage chicory-extracts against the highly prevalent swine parasites ascaris suum and oesophagostomum dentatum. methanol extracts were prepared and purified from two different cultivars of chicory (spadona and puna ii). marked differences were observed between the anthelmintic ... | 2016 | 26935644 |
| environmental contamination and transmission of ascaris suum in danish organic pig farms. | although ascaris suum is the most common pig nematode, the on-farm transmission dynamics are not well described. | 2016 | 26860206 |
| [current trend of drug development for neglected tropical diseases (ntds)]. | ebola hemorrhagic fever, a typical emerging infectious disease, began in december 2013 in the southern part of guinea, and killed more than 11000 people by the end of june, 2015. in addition to emerging/re-emerging diseases and the 3 major infectious diseases i.e. hiv/aids, tuberculosis and malaria, neglected tropical diseases (ntds) have recently become important tropical diseases of the poor. it is remarkable that japan succeeded in the eradication of malaria and other tropical diseases, which ... | 2016 | 26831795 |
| multiple exposures to ascaris suum induce tissue injury and mixed th2/th17 immune response in mice. | ascaris spp. infection affects 800 million people worldwide, and half of the world population is currently at risk of infection. recurrent reinfection in humans is mostly due to the simplicity of the parasite life cycle, but the impact of multiple exposures to the biology of the infection and the consequences to the host's homeostasis are poorly understood. in this context, single and multiple exposures in mice were performed in order to characterize the parasitological, histopathological, tissu ... | 2016 | 26814713 |
| aberrant ascaris suum nematode infection in cattle, missouri, usa. | | 2016 | 26812585 |
| standardization of a method for the detection of helminth eggs and larvae in lettuce. | despite reports that food-borne parasitic infections have been increasing worldwide, the methodologies employed to detect food contamination by helminths are still largely based on methodologies used to detect these pathogens in feces and water. this study sought to improve the diagnosis of parasitic contaminants in lettuce by standardizing a method for detecting helminth eggs and larvae and estimating their percentage of recovery. sanitized lettuces were artificially contaminated with different ... | 2016 | 26786833 |
| unexpected variation in neuroanatomy among diverse nematode species. | nematodes are considered excellent models for understanding fundamental aspects of neuron function. however, nematodes are less frequently used as models for examining the evolution of nervous systems. while the habitats and behaviors of nematodes are diverse, the neuroanatomy of nematodes is often considered highly conserved. a small number of nematode species greatly influences our understanding of nematode neurobiology. the free-living species caenorhabditis elegans and, to a lesser extent, t ... | 2015 | 26778973 |
| expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits from parasitic nematodes in caenorhabditis elegans. | the levamisole-sensitive nicotinic acetylcholine receptor present at nematode neuromuscular junctions is composed of multiple different subunits, with the exact composition varying between species. we tested the ability of two well-conserved nicotinic receptor subunits, unc-38 and unc-29, from haemonchus contortus and ascaris suum to rescue the levamisole-resistance and locomotion defects of caenorhabditis elegans strains with null deletion mutations in the unc-38 and unc-29 genes. the parasite ... | 2015 | 26747395 |
| determining geographical variations in ascaris suum isolated from different regions in northwest china through sequences of three mitochondrial genes. | the sequence diversities in three mitochondrial dna (mtdna) regions, namely portions of nadh dehydrogenase subunit 1 (pnad1), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (pcox1), and nadh dehydrogenase subunit 4 (pnad4), were investigated in all ascaris suum samples isolated from four regions in northwestern china. those genes were amplified by pcr method and the lengths of pnad1, pcox1, and pnad4 were 419 bp, 711 bp, and 723 bp, respectively. the intraspecific sequence variations within a. suum samples were ... | 2017 | 26730765 |
| the pcome of ascaris suum as a model system for intestinal nematodes: identification of phosphorylcholine-substituted proteins and first characterization of the pc-epitope structures. | in multicellular parasites (e.g., nematodes and protozoa), proteins and glycolipids have been found to be decorated with phosphorylcholine (pc). pc can provoke various effects on immune cells leading to an immunomodulation of the host's immune system. this immunomodulation allows long-term persistence but also prevents severe pathology due to downregulation of cellular immune responses. pc-containing antigens have been found to interfere with key proliferative signaling pathways in b and t cells ... | 2016 | 26728072 |
| galloylated proanthocyanidins from shea (vitellaria paradoxa) meal have potent anthelmintic activity against ascaris suum. | proanthocyanidins (pa) from shea (vitellaria paradoxa) meal were investigated by thiolytic degradation with benzyl mercaptan and the reaction products were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. these pa were galloylated (≈40%), contained only b-type linkages and had a high proportion of prodelphinidins (>70%). the mean degree of polymerisation was 8 (i.e. average molecular size was 2384da) and epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) was the major flavan-3-ol subunit in pa ... | 2016 | 26708339 |
| sanitising black water by auto-thermal aerobic digestion (atad) combined with ammonia treatment. | the effect of a two-step process on the concentration of pathogens and indicator microorganisms in black water (0.9-1% total solids) was studied. the treatment combined auto-thermal aerobic digestion (atad) and ammonia sanitisation. first, the temperature of the black water was increased through atad and when a targeted temperature was reached (33, 41 and 45.5 °c studied), urea was added to a 0.5% concentration (total ammonia nitrogen >2.9 g l⁻¹). escherichia coli and salmonella spp. were reduce ... | 2015 | 26675998 |
| rendering the intractable more tractable: tools from caenorhabditis elegans ripe for import into parasitic nematodes. | recent and rapid advances in genetic and molecular tools have brought spectacular tractability to caenorhabditis elegans, a model that was initially prized because of its simple design and ease of imaging. c. elegans has long been a powerful model in biomedical research, and tools such as rnai and the crispr/cas9 system allow facile knockdown of genes and genome editing, respectively. these developments have created an additional opportunity to tackle one of the most debilitating burdens on glob ... | 2015 | 26644478 |
| incidence of ascaris suum-specific antibodies in austrian patients with suspected larva migrans visceralis (vlm) syndrome. | the pig roundworm, ascaris suum, is commonly found in domestic pigs all over the world. the transmission to humans takes place by ingestion of infective a. suum eggs present in soil because pig manure is widely used as fertilizer. the possible role of a. suum in the human visceral larva migrans (vlm) syndrome has been discussed controversially during past decades, even though various case reports, particularly from japan document pulmonal, hepatic and even cerebral symptoms caused by migrating a ... | 2016 | 26637313 |
| presynaptic and postsynaptic regulation of muscle contractions in the ascarid nematode ascaris suum: a target for drug action. | the aim of this study was to determine the role in contractions of postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine (nach) and γ-aminobutyric acid (gaba) receptors, in the bag region of ascaris suum muscle cells, as well as the role of synaptic receptors between interneurons and motor neurons in the dorsal and ventral nerve cord. we have measured the isometric contractions of isolated segments of a. suum, with or without the nerve cord (dorsal or ventral). contractions were caused by increasing concentratio ... | 2016 | 26610818 |
| transcriptome analysis of stress tolerance in entomopathogenic nematodes of the genus steinernema. | entomopathogenic nematodes of the genus steinernema are effective biological control agents. the infective stage of these parasites can withstand environmental stresses such as desiccation and heat, but the molecular and physiological mechanisms involved in this tolerance are poorly understood. we used 454 pyrosequencing to analyse transcriptome expression in steinernema spp. that differ in their tolerance to stress. we compared these species, following heat and desiccation treatments, with thei ... | 2016 | 26598027 |
| bioinformatic identification of cytochrome b5 homologues from the parasitic nematode ascaris suum and the free-living nematode caenorhabditis elegans highlights the crucial role of a. suum adult-specific secretory cytochrome b₅ in parasitic adaptation. | we previously reported that adult ascaris suum possesses nadh-metmyoglobin and nadh-methaemoglobin reductase systems that are located in the cells of the body wall and in the extracellular perienteric fluid, respectively, which helps them adapt to environmental hypoxia by recovering the differential functions of myoglobin and haemoglobin. a. suum cytochrome b5, an adult-specific secretory protein and an essential component of the nadh-metmyo (haemo) globin reductase system, has been extensively ... | 2016 | 26571414 |
| [a case strongly suspected of being pulmonary toxocariasis showing multiple pulmonary nodules with a disappearing and reappearing halo sign]. | we report herein on a case strongly suspected of being pulmonary toxocariasis. a 22-year-old indonesian man referred to our hospital presented with abnormal chest shadows upon medical examination. he had no symptoms. he did not have any pets nor did he eat raw beef or chicken. hematological examination revealed eosinophilia and elevation of ige. chest computed tomography revealed 3 pulmonary nodules with the halo sign. we suspected a parasite infection and performed antiparasite antibody testing ... | 2015 | 26552124 |
| human ascariasis: diagnostics update. | soil-transmitted helminths (sths) infect over one billion people worldwide. ascariasis may mimic a number of conditions, and individual clinical diagnosis often requires a thorough work-up. kato-katz thick smears are the standard detection method for ascaris and, despite low sensitivity, are often used for mapping and monitoring and evaluation of national control programmes. although increased sampling (number of stools) and diagnostic (number of examinations per stool) efforts can improve sensi ... | 2017 | 26550552 |
| anthelmintic activity of trans-cinnamaldehyde and a- and b-type proanthocyanidins derived from cinnamon (cinnamomum verum). | cinnamon (cinnamomum verum) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, but effects on parasitic worms of the intestine have not been investigated. here, extracts of cinnamon bark were shown to have potent in vitro anthelmintic properties against the swine nematode ascaris suum. analysis of the extract revealed high concentrations of proanthocyanidins (pac) and trans-cinnamaldehyde (ca). the pac were subjected to thiolysis and hplc-ms analysis which demonstrated that t ... | 2015 | 26420588 |
| a survey for potentially zoonotic gastrointestinal parasites of dogs and pigs in cambodia. | there is little information available on parasites of zoonotic significance in cambodia. in 2011, in an effort to obtain data on potentially zoonotic gastrointestinal parasites in domestic animals, 50 dogs and 30 pigs residing in 38 households located in ang svay check village, takeo province, cambodia were examined for parasites from faecal samples. the samples were processed using the formalin-ethyl acetate concentration technique (fect). hookworms were the most common zoonotic parasite found ... | 2015 | 26408577 |
| investigations of selected pathogens among village pigs in central papua, indonesia. | village pig husbandry is an important part of livestock production in papua province, eastern indonesia. however, high level of disease and mortality constrains production. the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of the selected pathogens in village pigs in the jayawijaya region of papua province, indonesia. two studies were conducted: study 1 determined the prevalence of selected pathogens in dead or moribund pigs sent to the main local market for sale. study 2 recorded the prev ... | 2016 | 26381546 |
| effect of post-treatment conditions on the inactivation of helminth eggs (ascaris suum) after the composting process. | safe and appropriate disposal of human waste is a basic requirement for sanitation and protection of public health. for proper sanitation and nutrient recovery, it is necessary to ensure effective treatment methods to complete pathogen destruction in excreta prior to reuse. composting toilets convert faeces to a reusable resource such as fertilizer or humus for organic agriculture. a composting toilet for rural burkina faso was created by modifying a commercial model available in japan to improv ... | 2016 | 26370295 |
| a novel genus in the order picornavirales detected in human stool. | recently, four new viruses belonging to an unassigned family within the order picornavirales were identified in excrements of healthy carp (fisavirus) and pigs (posavirus 1, 2 and 3). we report the detection and characterization of a fifth virus present in human faeces. the virus, named human stool-associated rna virus (husavirus), contains a single orf encoding a putative 2993 aa polyprotein, with a hel-pro-pol replication block, typical for the picornavirales. phylogenetic analysis revealed th ... | 2015 | 26354795 |
| risk factors for prevalence of pig parasitoses in mbeya region, tanzania. | a cross-sectional study was carried out to determine risk factors for prevalence of common endo- and ectoparasites of pigs kept by smallholder farmers in mbozi and mbeya (rural) districts of mbeya region, in tanzania. a total of 482 pigs from 220 households of 16 villages, eight in each district were randomly selected and examined. prevalence of taenia solium cysticercosis was 11.5%, gastrointestinal nematodes 63.7% and ectoparasites 21.2% based on ag-elisa, mcmaster technique and full body sear ... | 2015 | 26324243 |
| innate immunological function of th2 cells in vivo. | type 2 helper t cells (th2 cells) produce interleukin 13 (il-13) when stimulated by papain or house dust mite extract (hdm) and induce eosinophilic inflammation. this innate response is dependent on il-33 but not t cell antigen receptors (tcrs). while type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ilc2 cells) are the dominant innate producers of il-13 in naive mice, we found here that helminth-infected mice had more th2 cells compared to uninfected mice, and thes e cells became major mediators of innate type 2 r ... | 2015 | 26322482 |
| ascaris suum in pigs of the zona da mata, minas gerais state, brazil. | among the parasites that affect pigs, ascaris suum stands out for causing the greatest losses to livestock production systems. this parasite can be monitored during the slaughter of animals through the identification of "milk spots" or white patches on the liver caused by its larval migration. however, infection in the herd is usually subclinical, which is why the presence of this parasite in industrial pig production has been overlooked. the aim of the study was therefore to evaluate the occurr ... | 2015 | 26291146 |
| structural insights into the molecular design of flutolanil derivatives targeted for fumarate respiration of parasite mitochondria. | recent studies on the respiratory chain of ascaris suum showed that the mitochondrial nadh-fumarate reductase system composed of complex i, rhodoquinone and complex ii plays an important role in the anaerobic energy metabolism of adult a. suum. the system is the major pathway of energy metabolism for adaptation to a hypoxic environment not only in parasitic organisms, but also in some types of human cancer cells. thus, enzymes of the pathway are potential targets for chemotherapy. we found that ... | 2015 | 26198225 |
| mass spectrometry of single gabaergic somatic motorneurons identifies a novel inhibitory peptide, as-nlp-22, in the nematode ascaris suum. | neuromodulators have become an increasingly important component of functional circuits, dramatically changing the properties of both neurons and synapses to affect behavior. to explore the role of neuropeptides in ascaris suum behavior, we devised an improved method for cleanly dissecting single motorneuronal cell bodies from the many other cell processes and hypodermal tissue in the ventral nerve cord. we determined their peptide content using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of ... | 2015 | 26174364 |
| rna interference in adult ascaris suum--an opportunity for the development of a functional genomics platform that supports organism-, tissue- and cell-based biology in a nematode parasite. | the sustainable control of animal parasitic nematodes requires the development of efficient functional genomics platforms to facilitate target validation and enhance anthelmintic discovery. unfortunately, the utility of rna interference (rnai) for the validation of novel drug targets in nematode parasites remains problematic. ascaris suum is an important veterinary parasite and a zoonotic pathogen. here we show that adult a. suum is rnai competent, and highlight the induction, spread and consist ... | 2015 | 26149642 |
| serum antibody responses in pigs trickle-infected with ascaris and trichuris: heritabilities and associations with parasitological findings. | a humoral immune response following helminth infection in pigs is well documented. however, it has been difficult to confirm the existence of antibody mediated resistance against the large roundworm, ascaris suum, and whipworm, trichuris suis, in experimental settings by correlating worm burdens or egg excretion with specific antibody levels. we set out to investigate the association between worm load and t. suis and a. suum specific serum antibody levels (igg1, igg2 and iga) against excretory-s ... | 2015 | 26095952 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of arginine kinase gene of toxocara canis. | toxocara canis is an important gastrointestinal nematode of dogs and also a causative agent of visceral larva migrans in humans. arginine kinase (ak) gene is one of the important biomolecule of phosphagen kinase of t. canis which is emerging as an exciting novel diagnostic target in toxocarosis. the present study was carried out to clone and characterize ak gene of t. canis for future utilization as a diagnostic molecule. total rna was extracted from intact adult worms and reverse transcription ... | 2015 | 26064002 |
| effect of different n7 substitution of dinucleotide cap analogs on the hydrolytic susceptibility towards scavenger decapping enzymes (dcps). | scavenger decapping enzymes (dcps) are involved in eukaryotic mrna degradation process. they catalyze the cleavage of residual cap structure m(7)gpppn and/or short capped oligonucleotides resulting from exosom-mediated the 3' to 5' digestion. for the specific cap recognition and efficient degradation by dcps, the positive charge at n7 position of guanine moiety is required. here we examine the role the n7 substitution within the cap structure on the interactions with dcps (human, caenorhabditis ... | 2015 | 26049109 |
| preparation of a polyclonal antibody that recognizes a unique galactoseβ1-4fucose disaccharide epitope. | galactoseβ1-4fucose (galβ1-4fuc) is a unique disaccharide unit that has been found only in the n-glycans of protostomia. we demonstrated that this unit has a role as an endogenous ligand for caenorhabditis elegans galectins. this unit is also recognized by fungal and mammalian galectins possibly as a non-self glycomarker. in order to clarify its biological function, we made a polyclonal antibody using (galβ1-4fuc)n-bsa as the antigen, which was prepared by crosslinking galβ1-4fuc-o-(ch2)2-sh and ... | 2015 | 26025207 |
| ukulactone c, a new nadh-fumarate reductase inhibitor produced by talaromyces sp. fki-6713. | screening for nadh-fumarate reductase inhibitors led to the isolation of a new ukulactone analog, ukulactone c, as a major polyene compound produced by talaromyces sp. fki-6713. the structure of the compound was elucidated as a reduced analog of ukulactone a by 1d- and 2d-nmr experiments. ukulactone c possessed a potent inhibitory activity (ic(50) = 62 nm) against nadh-fumarate reductase of the roundworm ascaris suum in vitro. | 2015 | 26018502 |
| parasites of pigs in two farms with poor husbandry practices in bishoftu, ethiopia. | a cross-sectional study was conducted from november 2011 to april 2012 on a total of 384 pigs from two privately owned intensive farms in bishoftu, ethiopia. the objectives of the study were to identify and determine the prevalence of common parasites of pigs. for the determination of gastrointestinal (git) parasites, faecal samples were collected from the study animals and subjected to standard parasitological examination techniques. physical examination was conducted for the presence of skin p ... | 2015 | 26017194 |
| the influence of endoparasites on selected production parameters in pigs in various housing systems. | the aim of the study was to determine the level of lean meat content and daily gains of 400 fatteners infected by endoparasites and kept in two systems (shallow and deep litter). slaughter evaluation of the pigs was conducted according to the europ carcass classification. in order to evaluate the average daily gains (g) during finishing period, body weights were investigated twice: at the beginning and at the end of the finishing period. the housing system affected the presence of ascaris suum a ... | 2015 | 25956635 |
| serological examination of fattening pigs reveals associations between ascaris suum, lung pathogens and technical performance parameters. | diagnosing the presence of the highly prevalent and economically important pig parasite ascaris suum on fattening farms has so far been challenging. currently, only the number of livers affected at slaughter is routinely used to measure parasite exposure. however, recently, a new serological test was developed based on the detection of antibodies to the a. suum haemoglobin molecule. the test showed to be highly sensitive for the detection of exposure to a. suum in fattening pigs. in this study w ... | 2015 | 25952722 |
| interaction of carvacrol with the ascaris suum nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors, potential mechanism of antinematodal action. | essential plant oils (or their active principles) are safe to use and a potentially attractive alternative to current antiparasitic drugs. in the present study, we tested the effects of carvacrol on the isolated tissues of ascaris suum and investigated potential interactions with other antiparasitic drugs. we used somatic muscle flaps for contraction assays, as well as for electrophysiological investigations. carvacrol 300 μm highly significantly inhibited contractions caused by 1, 3, 10, 30, an ... | 2015 | 25944741 |
| identification and characterization of a differentially expressed gene (07e12) in the infective larvae of the parasitic nematode ascaris suum. | parasitic nematodes cause animal and human diseases of major socio-economic importance worldwide. the suppression of parasite development at particular developmental stages could provide an alternative approach for nematode control. in this study, ascaris suum was used as a model system in the study of the differentially expressed genes in the infective l3 stage. | 2017 | 25848387 |
| different neuropeptides are expressed in different functional subsets of cholinergic excitatory motorneurons in the nematode ascaris suum. | neuropeptides are known to have dramatic effects on neurons and synapses; however, despite extensive studies of the motorneurons in the parasitic nematode ascaris suum, their peptide content had not yet been described. we determined the peptide content of single excitatory motorneurons by mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. there are two subsets of ventral cord excitatory motorneurons, each with neuromuscular output either anterior or posterior to their cell body, mediating forward o ... | 2015 | 25812635 |
| immune antibodies and helminth products drive cxcr2-dependent macrophage-myofibroblast crosstalk to promote intestinal repair. | helminth parasites can cause considerable damage when migrating through host tissues, thus making rapid tissue repair imperative to prevent bleeding and bacterial dissemination particularly during enteric infection. however, how protective type 2 responses targeted against these tissue-disruptive multicellular parasites might contribute to homeostatic wound healing in the intestine has remained unclear. here, we observed that mice lacking antibodies (aid-/-) or activating fc receptors (fcrg-/-) ... | 2015 | 25806513 |
| hygienisation and nutrient conservation of sewage sludge or cattle manure by lactic acid fermentation. | manure from animal farms and sewage sludge contain pathogens and opportunistic organisms in various concentrations depending on the health of the herds and human sources. other than for the presence of pathogens, these waste substances are excellent nutrient sources and constitute a preferred organic fertilizer. however, because of the pathogens, the risks of infection of animals or humans increase with the indiscriminate use of manure, especially liquid manure or sludge, for agriculture. this p ... | 2015 | 25786255 |
| ammonia sanitization of blackwater for safe use as fertilizer. | source-separated blackwater from low-flush toilets contains plant-available nutrients and can be used as a fertilizer. the aim of the study was to evaluate the impact on pathogen inactivation when treating blackwater with urea and/or lime. blackwater was spiked with salmonella typhimurium, escherichia coli o157, enterococcus faecalis, and ascaris suum eggs, and treated with urea and/or lime in concentrations up to 0.1% w/w. the bottles were kept in a storage facility (manure slurry tank) for 102 ... | 2015 | 25768229 |
| potent neutralizing anti-cd1d antibody reduces lung cytokine release in primate asthma model. | cd1d is a receptor on antigen-presenting cells involved in triggering cell populations, particularly natural killer t (nkt) cells, to release high levels of cytokines. nkt cells are implicated in asthma pathology and blockade of the cd1d/nkt cell pathway may have therapeutic potential. we developed a potent anti-human cd1d antibody (nib.2) that possesses high affinity for human and cynomolgus macaque cd1d (kd ∼100 pm) and strong neutralizing activity in human primary cell-based assays (ic50 typi ... | 2015 | 25751125 |
| uses and limitations of faecal egg count for assessing worm burden in wild boars. | the most widely used technique to assess helminth infection in both domestic and wild mammals is the faecal egg count (fec). most efforts to test the reliability of fec as a proxy for parasite load are in small ruminant studies and limited work has evaluated the use of fec in pigs. the aim of this study was to explore whether fec is a reliable indicator of helminth load, and to evaluate the effects of sample storage on fec accuracy in 59 wild boars. though fec was useful for assessing most helmi ... | 2015 | 25725547 |
| assessing the fate of ascaris suum ova during mesophilic anaerobic digestion. | there is limited knowledge about the survival of geohelminths, which are soil-transmitted human pathogens, in mesophilic anaerobic digestion processes. this study examined the fate of embryonated and unembryonated ascaris suum ova in six laboratory-scale mesophilic (35 °c) anaerobic digesters processing swine manure to identify their survival strategies and investigate potential mechanisms to enhance their destruction. there was no significant difference in inactivation of ascaris suum ova in di ... | 2015 | 25679819 |
| tribendimidine: mode of action and nachr subtype selectivity in ascaris and oesophagostomum. | the cholinergic class of anthelmintic drugs is used for the control of parasitic nematodes. one of this class of drugs, tribendimidine (a symmetrical diamidine derivative, of amidantel), was developed in china for use in humans in the mid-1980s. it has a broader-spectrum anthelmintic action against soil-transmitted helminthiasis than other cholinergic anthelmintics, and is effective against hookworm, pinworms, roundworms, and strongyloides and flatworm of humans. although molecular studies on c. ... | 2015 | 25679515 |
| seropositivity for ascariosis and toxocariosis and cytokine expression among the indigenous people in the venezuelan delta region. | the present study aimed at measuring seropositivities for infection by ascaris suum and toxocara canis using the excretory/secretory (e/s) antigens from ascaris suum (aes) and toxocara canis (tes) within an indigenous population. in addition, quantification of cytokine expressions in peripheral blood cells was determined. a total of 50 warao indigenous were included; of which 43 were adults and seven children. in adults, 44.1% were seropositive for both parasites; whereas children had only serop ... | 2015 | 25651326 |
| the anti-inflammatory mediator palmitoylethanolamide enhances the levels of 2-arachidonoyl-glycerol and potentiates its actions at trpv1 cation channels. | palmitoylethanolamide (pea) is an endogenous congener of anandamide and potentiates its actions at cannabinoid cb1 and cb2 receptors, and at transient receptor potential vanilloid type-1 (trpv1) channels. the other endocannabinoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-ag), was recently suggested to act as a trpv1 channel agonist. we investigated if pea enhanced levels of 2-ag in vitro or in vivo and 2-ag activity at trpv1 channels. | 2016 | 25598150 |
| nadh→nad⁺ transhydrogenation in adult ascaris suum mitochondria. | although lacking an nadph→nad(+) transhydrogenase system, the essentially energetically anaerobic mitochondria of the adult intestinal nematode ascaris suum display an inner membrane-associated nadh→nad(+) transhydrogenation reaction. this reaction is considered to be reflective of a mechanism(s) that acts in catalyzing a transmembrane translocation of reducing equivalents from nadh in the intermembrane space to matrix nad(+), thereby forming matrix nadh that would serve in electron transport. a ... | 2015 | 25587625 |
| contribution of transcription to animal early development. | in mature gametes and during the oocyte-to-embryo transition, transcription is generally silenced and gene expression is post-transcriptionally regulated. however, we recently discovered that major transcription can occur immediately after fertilization, prior to pronuclear fusion, and in the first cell division of the oocyte-to-embryo transition in the nematode ascaris suum. we postulate that the balance between transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation during the oocyte-to-embryo tra ... | 2014 | 25483604 |
| diethylcarbamazine increases activation of voltage-activated potassium (slo-1) currents in ascaris suum and potentiates effects of emodepside. | diethylcarbamazine is a drug that is used for the treatment of filariasis in humans and animals; it also has effects on intestinal nematodes, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. emodepside is a resistance-busting anthelmintic approved for treating intestinal parasitic nematodes in animals. the novel mode of action and resistance-breaking properties of emodepside has led to its use against intestinal nematodes of animals, and as a candidate drug for treating filarial parasites. we have p ... | 2014 | 25411836 |
| the in vitro effect of ivermectin on the activity of trehalose synthesis pathway enzymes and their mrna expression in the muscle of adult female ascaris suum (nematoda). | the in vitro effect of ivermectin lethal dose on the activity of trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (tps) and phosphatase (tpp) and the expression of their mrna (tps1, tps2, and tpp genes) in the muscle of adult female ascaris suum was investigated. the presence of ivermectin in the medium caused a decrease in tps and tpp activities during the experiment compared with the start and control groups. the exception was the group of worms grown for 8 hours in a ivm solution, in which there was a little h ... | 2014 | 25405239 |