| papers presented at the forty-second annual meeting of the japan society for cell biology. kyoto, 25-27 october 1989. abstracts. | | 1999 | 2627712 |
| the use and abuse of developmental screening. | | 2000 | 85448 |
| [acute mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome (kawasaki-syndrome) with fatal periarteritis nodosa of the coronary arteries. another case from europe]. | case report of a 1 8/12-year-old boy suffering from an acute febrile disease with phlegmonous cervical lymphadenopathy, skin rash and other septic symptoms. bacterial cultures were sterile, and antibiotics had no effect, whereas prednisone made an immediate improvement. on the 23rd day of illness the patient died unexpectedly. autopsy revealed a ruptured coronary aneurysm due to periarteritis nodosa. this curious disease of yet unknown cause is quite frequent in japan, but very rare in europe. | 2000 | 26640 |
| urinary acidic hydrolases in renal diseases in children. | acidic hydrolases were assayed in urines of 19 normal children, 33 children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome of childhood (ins), 21 children with glomerulonephritides (gn) and 7 children with persistent proteinuria/hematuria, and in plasma of 10 children each with ins or gn. both plasma and urinary acidic hydrolases were studied in intermittent orthostatic proteinuria. cbeta-galactosidase and cbeta-n-hexosaminidase were done in normals and children with active renal disease. significantly (p l ... | 2000 | 102480 |
| [method of calculation of apriori statistical reliability in detection of pathological foci in gamma-topography (cases of "bad statistics")]. | | 2001 | 1235559 |
| [bland partial infarction of the kidney following catheter angiography]. | | 2002 | 137875 |
| an endoscopic technique for removal of suture bound surgical drains. | the simplicity and low invasive nature of the endoscopic method make it worthy of trial for the removal of surgical drains inadvertently sutured to structures of the abdominal wall. | 2002 | 127393 |
| [activities organized in bucharest on the occasion of the international year of the child]. | | 2002 | 120055 |
| [endoscopic cryobiopsy in tracheobronchial pathology]. | | 2002 | 155275 |
| interaction of abscisic acid & indole acetic acid on transcription. | | 2003 | 145404 |
| head pain secondary to nasal allergies. | | 2004 | 3322793 |
| evaluation of a computerized problem-oriented medical history in a rural outreach clinic for migrant workers. | | 2004 | 301408 |
| concerns of young otolaryngologists. postresidency education: concerns of a new specialist. | | 2005 | 1168966 |
| [gastroenterological disorders in diabetes mellitus. iii. other disorders]. | | 2005 | 545514 |
| smoking and multiple myeloma. | | 2006 | 1617129 |
| [digestive hemorrhage caused by aorto-duodenal fistula. report of 5 cases]. | the aortoduodeonal fistula is a rare condition and has high mortality. we report five retrospective cases of digestive hemorrhage due to an aortoduodenal fistula (4 secondary and 1 primary) between 1986 and 1990. three of them died. attention is called to the importance of clinical suspicion and the main diagnostic methods in early diagnosis such as oral endoscopy. we also enhance the importance of emergency surgery for survival. | 2006 | 1599763 |
| [results of the experiment, "general practitioner"]. | | 2006 | 1832238 |
| audiostimulator for restoration of functions of kidneys and upper urinary tracts. | | 2006 | 1388238 |
| production in nature of compound resembling methylphenyltetrahydropyridine, a possible cause of parkinson's disease. | | 2007 | 2857280 |
| the effects of blockade of interleukin 2 receptors and interleukin 4 receptors on cytokine production. | the understanding of the regulation of cytokine production and t-cell proliferation by other cytokines is far from complete. we have examined the supernatant concentration of different cytokines in cultured peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) incubated with monoclonal antibodies against the interleukin-2 receptor (il-2r) or interleukin-4 receptor (il-4r) complex in order to analyse the importance of these receptors in the production of other cytokines. the pbl cultures were stimulated with phytoh ... | 2007 | 1904250 |
| radio-frequency catheter ablation of cardiac arrhythmias: appraisal of an evolving therapeutic modality. | since its introduction in 1985, there have been numerous reports of the use of radio-frequency (rf) current as an alternative energy source for catheter ablation. rf current (frequency range 150 khz to 1 mhz), when delivered in bipolar mode, causes desiccation of tissue by creating a localized area of heat that results in discrete coagulation necrosis. an equivalent energy source such as direct current (dc) shock can be delivered at lower power (5 to 30 w) and lower voltage (30 to 80 v) for a lo ... | 2007 | 2686384 |
| recurrent anaphylactoid reaction during caesarean section. | a 28-year-old woman presented for emergency caesarean section at 31 weeks' gestation with deranged liver function and a history of recurrent anaphylactoid reactions during previous pregnancy-related anaesthetics. the anaesthetic management and outcome of this case is presented. | 2008 | 2774125 |
| outrageous and beyond the bounds of decency. | | 2008 | 2778844 |
| [hydration of complementary 9-methyladenine.1-methyluracil pairs at low temperatures according to data from field mass spectrometry]. | the hydration of nucleotide bases of m9ade(a), m1ura(u) and a complementary pair a.u was studied by field ionization mass-spectrometry at room and low (170 k) temperatures in vacuum. enthalpies of a.u-pair formation and its monohydrate a.u(h2o) were measured using temperature dependences of association constants. from the analysis of intensities of mass-spectrum peaks, corresponding to monohydrates u(h2o), a(h2o), a.u(h2o), a.u-pair and initial components a, u, and also measured enthalpies it is ... | 2009 | 2742892 |
| a preliminary study of mercury contamination in the surface soil and river sediment of the roscio district, bolivar state, venezuela. | the present study constitutes a comparison of mercury in surface soil and river sediments of a contaminated and an uncontaminated area of venezuela. in the contaminated area, gold prospectors have been using mercury to separate gold from auriferous sand and rock powders for many years. the baseline level of mercury in the river sediments of the uncontaminated area (manzanares river, sucre state) was 0.06 micrograms g-1, while in the contaminated area in the roscio district of bolivar state the c ... | 2009 | 2727674 |
| regulation of actomyosin atpase in smooth muscle. | actomyosin in smooth muscle is in a quiescent state. the mechanism or mechanisms by which ca2+ activates the actomyosin atpase is not clear. there is sufficient evidence for the presence of enzyme systems which phosphorylate and dephosphorylate myosin light chains. the activity of the kinase that phosphorylates the myosin is regulated by camp-dependent protein kinase. phosphorylated kinase has decreased affinity for calmodulin and lower activity when compared with unphosphorylated myosin light c ... | 2010 | 2947244 |
| jerzy modrakowski 1875-1945. | | 2010 | 3321909 |
| a clinical trial to compare the effect of two antiseptic mouthwashes on gingival inflammation. | a trial was made comparing the effects of efficient and thorough removal of plaque and debris alone, and with a daily antiseptic mouthwash. the results showed considerable variation but no significant difference in gingival inflammation between hygienic treatment and a daily mouthwash with chlorhexidine-gluconate or povidone-iodine. povidone-iodine caused less staining of the teeth than chlorhexidine-gluconate. | 2010 | 2860167 |
| [diagnostic and therapeutic strategy of bilateral nephroblastoma (apropos of 4 cases)]. | four cases of bilateral nephroblastoma out of a total number of 99 cases have been observed during a period of 18 years at the inse of tunis (4%). the frequency of associated anomalies, the familial incidence, the young age of the patients are underlined. the main therapeutic modalities are discussed. based on the most recent studies published in the literature, the prognosis of bilateral nephroblastoma has been improved in recent years with a possibility of survival at 2 years exceeding two thi ... | 2010 | 2834692 |
| [injuries of the pancreas]. | trauma of the pancreas was studied in 48 patients. it has a typical mechanisms and is characterized by intensity of the exerted force. due to the last named circumstance, extensive retroperitoneal hematomas, ruptures of the parenchymatous organs, ligaments, veins, and large arteries often occur a severe condition of the patients with fall of arterial pressure and the development of shock is characteristic. it is difficult to establish the diagnosis of trauma of the pancreas before the operation. ... | 2010 | 2811136 |
| multilineage cell involvement in ph1-negative, bcr-negative chronic myeloid leukemia. | we report a case of ph1-negative, bcr-negative cml-bc, in which the primary leukemic cells displayed t-related antigens (cd7, cd4) in addition to hla-dr and cd25 determinants. no b-lymphoid, myeloid and megakaryoblastic surface antigens were detected. in spite of this phenotype, dna analysis revealed a germ-line configuration of the t-cell receptor beta chain gene region. moreover, in-vitro culture studies demonstrated a proliferative response of the blast cell population to natural and recombin ... | 2011 | 3263550 |
| [general principles of elaboration of methods of drug ultraphonophoresis and their violation in clinical practice]. | | 2011 | 3212954 |
| further evidence against dopamine deficiency as the cause of inappropriate gonadotropin secretion in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. | previous studies suggested that a relative dopamine (da) deficiency may explain the altered lh secretory dynamics that occur in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (pco). these studies included findings of decreased urinary excretion of homovanillic acid (hva), a metabolite of da, and increased urinary excretion of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (mhpg), the major brain metabolite of norepinephrine. to further explore the role of da in these patients, disulfiram (250 mg) was administered dai ... | 2011 | 3117832 |
| elevated blood pressure during pregnancy. | | 2011 | 3081538 |
| prostatic carcinoma: complications of megavoltage radiation therapy. | megavoltage radiation therapy and radical prostatectomy are at present the only curative treatments for prostatic carcinoma. because a high complication rate appeared to follow radiotherapy, all patients with prostatic carcinoma presenting to a danish provincial hospital between 1975 and 1980 were reviewed. of 31 radiation-treated patients, 23 had serious complications. no recurrence was noted in eight patients. twenty-three had a recurrence despite radiotherapy but 11 of these patients had no l ... | 2011 | 3081075 |
| total body potassium in bartter's syndrome before and during treatment with enalapril. | total body potassium (tbk) was measured by whole body counting of 40k in 3 patients with bartter's syndrome before, after 3 months and after 1 year of treatment with enalapril. in 2 patients tbk was found to be decreased before treatment, whereas tbk was within the normal range in the 3rd. during treatment serum potassium concentration and tbk increased in each subject and symptoms of fatigue and tetany disappeared. enalapril is shown to be an effective treatment in bartter's syndrome as it impr ... | 2011 | 3031521 |
| free intermingling of mammalian beta-tubulin isotypes among functionally distinct microtubules. | mammalian cells express a spectrum of tubulin isotypes whose relationship to the diversity of microtubule function is unknown. to examine whether different isotypes are segregated into functionally distinct microtubules, we generated immune sera capable of discriminating among the various naturally occurring beta-tubulin isotypes. cloned fusion proteins encoding each isotype were used first to tolerogenize animals against shared epitopes, and then as immunogens to elicit a specific response. in ... | 2011 | 3552250 |
| restoration of the upper lip and nasolabial area by means of an intraoral approach. | superomedial repositioning of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (smas) in the upper lip is accomplished by means of intraoral incisions. the procedure reestablishes the convexity of the lateral vermilion border, elevates the upper lip, and restores a more youthful appearance to the upper-lip profile. depth of the nasolabial folds are reduced. we have performed this procedure on 14 patients. follow-up intervals range from 6 to 20 months, averaging 14 months. all patients received concomit ... | 2012 | 3532149 |
| [international and russian anatomical nomenclature]. | | 2012 | 3415490 |
| [tissue compliance measuring device]. | | 2012 | 3310116 |
| [laboratory diagnosis of zollinger-ellison syndrome]. | | 2013 | 3982816 |
| [laboratory diagnosis of zollinger-ellison syndrome]. | | 2013 | 3982816 |
| microcarcinoma of the vulva. | surgical specimens from 14 cases of early invasive squamous carcinoma of the vulva were extensively examined with serial sections to evaluate methods of tumor volume measurement. using mathematical formulas, three-dimensional parameters were calculated from two-dimensional measurement. a technique of simplified volume estimation was developed and the results correlated with the status of the regional nodes. | 2013 | 3772902 |
| a theoretical model for water flux through the artery wall. | a two layer model for water flux through the artery is studied using a mathematical model based on the theory for the consolidation of water saturated soils. the matrix is considered to be constituted by two layers with different permeabilities and different elastic constants and the two systems of equations are coupled with the condition of continuity of pressure, total stress, solid displacement and fluid seepage velocity at the interface. the luminal pressure is considered to be harmonic in t ... | 2013 | 3695431 |
| odontometric comparisons between maxillary premolars and molars of different ethnic groups. | | 2013 | 4714558 |
| [the severely behavior-disordered and/or aggressive patient]. | | 2013 | 3636016 |
| social and emotional adjustment in deaf adolescents after transfer to a residential school for the deaf. | | 2013 | 3584025 |
| spinal instability and the log-rolling maneuver. | immobilization of the spine is of prime concern during transportation of trauma patients to prevent neurologic compromise. in an attempt to study certain techniques of prehospital thoracolumbar spine immobilization, we radiographically evaluated the motion of the thoracolumbar spine in a volunteer with a stable spine, a cadaver with an unstable thoracolumbar spine, and a patient with a t12-l1 fracture dislocation. both the backboard and the scoop stretcher offered adequate stabilization for thor ... | 2013 | 3573109 |
| the formation of estriol in the fetoplacental unit during pregnancy. | | 2014 | 4239044 |
| characterization of two different membrane fractions isolated from the first stellar nerves of the squid dosidicus gigas. | | 2014 | 4242763 |
| [our experience in anesthesia according russanov method in child-juvenile age]. | | 2014 | 4260364 |
| [preventive dentistry]. | | 2014 | 4254655 |
| [poisoning in childhood]. | | 2014 | 4202320 |
| role of airway receptors in the breathing pattern of patients with chronic obstructive lung disease. | to determine whether airway receptors are responsible for the rapid, shallow breathing pattern seen in hypercapnic chronic obstructive lung disease, 10 patients underwent upper airway anaesthesia with inhaled lignocaine in a placebo controlled study. there was a significant reduction in breathing frequency after lignocaine (p less than 0.001) that was due to an increase in expiratory time (p less than 0.001). the inspiratory time remained unchanged, but tidal volume increased significantly (p le ... | 2014 | 4023977 |
| perineal transpubic repair: a technique for treating post-traumatic prostatomembranous urethral strictures. | a perineal, 1-stage, end-to-end anastomotic repair is the preferred method to treat short (2 cm. or less) prostatomembranous urethral strictures. for longer strictures a combined perineal and abdominal transpubic approach is required. we describe a technique that has allowed a 1-stage perineal repair of such strictures, up to 5 cm. long, by wedge excision of the inferior portion of the pubis. this technique has been used in 4 patients with prostatomembranous strictures 2 to 5 cm. long. the resul ... | 2014 | 3944858 |
| [results of clinico-toxicological analyses in the years 1963-1969]. | | 2015 | 4702768 |
| [results of clinico-toxicological analyses in the years 1963-1969]. | | 2015 | 4702768 |
| the elongation reactions in protein synthesis. | | 2015 | 4589665 |
| an unusual complication of lower third molar removal. | | 2015 | 4516114 |
| [incidence and characteristics of complications and concomitant diseases in patients with diabetes mellitus]. | | 2015 | 4449809 |
| opportunities and procedures for the early diagnosis of carcinoma of the cervix. | | 2016 | 5010908 |
| recent molecular insights into rickettsial pathogenesis and immunity. | human infections with arthropod-borne rickettsia species remain a major global health issue, causing significant morbidity and mortality. epidemic typhus due to rickettsia prowazekii has an established reputation as the 'scourge of armies', and as a major determinant of significant 'historical turning points'. no suitable vaccines for human use are currently available to prevent rickettsial diseases. the unique lifestyle features of rickettsiae include obligate intracellular parasitism, intracyt ... | 2013 | 24059918 |
| reverse transcription-pcr-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for rapid detection of biothreat and common respiratory pathogens. | electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (esi-ms) analysis of reverse transcription (rt)-pcr amplicons from human respiratory samples allows for broad pathogen identification approximately 8 h after collection. we investigated the performance characteristics of a high-throughput rt-pcr-coupled esi-ms assay for distinguishing biothreat (bt) agents from common bacterial, fungal, and viral respiratory pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) fluid specimens from subjects with suspected respirator ... | 2013 | 23903543 |
| the capping domain in ralf regulates effector functions. | the legionella pneumophila effector protein ralf functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (gef) that activates the host small gtpase protein adp-ribosylation factor (arf), and recruits this host protein to the vacuoles in which this pathogen resides. gef activity is conferred by the sec7 domain located in the n-terminal region of ralf. structural studies indicate that the c-terminal region of ralf makes contacts with residues in the sec7 domain important for arf interactions. theoretica ... | 2012 | 23166491 |
| a novel membrane sensor controls the localization and arfgef activity of bacterial ralf. | the intracellular bacterial pathogen legionella pneumophila (lp) evades destruction in macrophages by camouflaging in a specialized organelle, the legionella-containing vacuole (lcv), where it replicates. the lcv maturates by incorporating er vesicles, which are diverted by effectors that lp injects to take control of host cell membrane transport processes. one of these effectors, ralf, recruits the trafficking small gtpase arf1 to the lcv. lpralf has a sec7 domain related to host arfgefs, follo ... | 2013 | 24244168 |
| rickettsia typhi possesses phospholipase a2 enzymes that are involved in infection of host cells. | the long-standing proposal that phospholipase a2 (pla2) enzymes are involved in rickettsial infection of host cells has been given support by the recent characterization of a patatin phospholipase (pat2) with pla2 activity from the pathogens rickettsia prowazekii and r. typhi. however, pat2 is not encoded in all rickettsia genomes; yet another uncharacterized patatin (pat1) is indeed ubiquitous. here, evolutionary analysis of both patatins across 46 rickettsia genomes revealed 1) pat1 and pat2 l ... | 2013 | 23818842 |
| tropism and pathogenicity of rickettsiae. | rickettsiae are obligate intracellular parasitic bacteria that cause febrile exanthematous illnesses such as rocky mountain spotted fever, mediterranean spotted fever, epidemic, and murine typhus, etc. although the vector ranges of each rickettsia species are rather restricted; i.e., ticks belonging to arachnida and lice and fleas belonging to insecta usually act as vectors for spotted fever group (sfg) and typhus group (tg) rickettsiae, respectively, it would be interesting to elucidate the mec ... | 2012 | 22737150 |
| identification and characterization of novel small rnas in rickettsia prowazekii. | emerging evidence implicates a critically important role for bacterial small rnas (srnas) as post-transcriptional regulators of physiology, metabolism, stress/adaptive responses, and virulence, but the roles of srnas in pathogenic rickettsia species remain poorly understood. here, we report on the identification of both novel and well-known bacterial srnas in rickettsia prowazekii, known to cause epidemic typhus in humans. rna sequencing of human microvascular endothelial cells (hmecs), the pref ... | 2016 | 27375581 |
| establishment of a replicating plasmid in rickettsia prowazekii. | rickettsia prowazekii, the causative agent of epidemic typhus, grows only within the cytosol of eukaryotic host cells. this obligate intracellular lifestyle has restricted the genetic analysis of this pathogen and critical tools, such as replicating plasmid vectors, have not been developed for this species. although replicating plasmids have not been reported in r. prowazekii, the existence of well-characterized plasmids in several less pathogenic rickettsial species provides an opportunity to e ... | 2012 | 22529927 |
| hemocytes from pediculus humanus humanus are hosts for human bacterial pathogens. | pediculus humanus humanus is an human ectoparasite which represents a serious public health threat because it is vector for pathogenic bacteria. it is important to understand and identify where bacteria reside in human body lice to define new strategies to counterstroke the capacity of vectorization of the bacterial pathogens by body lice. it is known that phagocytes from vertebrates can be hosts or reservoirs for several microbes. therefore, we wondered if pediculus humanus humanus phagocytes c ... | 2014 | 25688336 |
| human louse-transmitted infectious diseases. | several of the infectious diseases associated with human lice are life-threatening, including epidemic typhus, relapsing fever, and trench fever, which are caused by rickettsia prowazekii, borrelia recurrentis, and bartonella quintana, respectively. although these diseases have been known for several centuries, they remain a major public health concern in populations living in poor-hygiene conditions because of war, social disruption, severe poverty, or gaps in public health management. poor-hyg ... | 2012 | 22360386 |
| zoonotic and vector-borne infections among urban homeless and marginalized people in the united states and europe, 1990-2014. | in high-income countries, homeless individuals in urban areas often live in crowded conditions with limited sanitation and personal hygiene. the environment of homelessness in high-income countries may result in intensified exposure to ectoparasites and urban wildlife, which can transmit infections. to date, there have been no systematic evaluations of the published literature to assess vector-borne and zoonotic disease risk to these populations. | 2016 | 27159039 |
| a new clade of african body and head lice infected by bartonella quintana and yersinia pestis-democratic republic of the congo. | the human body louse is known as a vector for the transmission of three serious diseases-specifically, epidemic typhus, trench fever, and relapsing fever caused by rickettsia prowazekii, bartonella quintana, and borrelia recurrentis, respectively-that have killed millions of people. it is also suspected in the transmission of a fourth pathogen, yersinia pestis, which is the etiologic agent of plague. to date, human lice belonging to the genus pediculus have been classified into three mitochondri ... | 2015 | 26392158 |
| molecular mimicry and autoimmune thyroid disease. | hypothesized 40 years ago, molecular mimicry has been thereafter demonstrated as an extremely common mechanism by which microbes elude immune response and modulate biosynthetic/metabolic pathways of the host. in genetically predisposed persons and under particular conditions, molecular mimicry between microbial and human antigens can turn a defensive immune response into autoimmunity. such triggering role and its pathogenetic importance have been investigated and demonstrated for many autoimmune ... | 2016 | 27307072 |
| two protein lysine methyltransferases methylate outer membrane protein b from rickettsia. | rickettsia prowazekii, the etiologic agent of epidemic typhus, is a potential biological threat agent. its outer membrane protein b (ompb) is an immunodominant antigen and plays roles as protective envelope and as adhesins. the observation of the correlation between methylation of lysine residues in rickettsial ompb and bacterial virulence has suggested the importance of an enzymatic system for the methylation of ompb. however, no rickettsial lysine methyltransferase has been characterized. bioi ... | 2012 | 23002218 |
| gc content dependency of open reading frame prediction via stop codon frequencies. | a frequently used approach for detecting potential coding regions is to search for stop codons. in the standard genetic code 3 out of 64 trinucleotides are stop codons. hence, in random or non-coding dna one can expect every 21st trinucleotide to have the same sequence as a stop codon. in contrast, the open reading frames (orfs) of most protein-coding genes are considerably longer. thus, the stop codon frequency in coding sequences deviates from the background frequency of the corresponding trin ... | 2012 | 23000023 |
| on the use of legionella/rickettsia chimeras to investigate the structure and regulation of rickettsia effector ralf. | a convenient strategy to interrogate the biology of regulatory proteins is to replace individual domains by an equivalent domain from a related protein of the same species or from an ortholog of another species. it is generally assumed that the overall properties of the native protein are retained in the chimera, and that functional differences reflect only the specific determinants contained in the swapped domains. here we used this strategy to circumvent the difficulty in obtaining crystals of ... | 2015 | 25498244 |
| rickettsiae and rickettsial diseases in croatia: implications for travel medicine. | to review the current state of knowledge concerning rickettsiae and rickettsioses in croatia and to discuss their implications for travellers. | 2017 | 27404664 |
| rickettsioses in europe. | bacteria of the genera rickettsia and orientia (family rickettsiaceae, order rickettsiales) cause rickettsioses worldwide, and are transmitted by lice, fleas, ticks and mites. in europe, only rickettsia spp. cause rickettsioses. with improvement of hygiene, the risk of louse-borne rickettsiosis (epidemic typhus) is low in europe. nevertheless, recrudescent form of rickettsia prowazekii infection persists. there could be an epidemic typhus outbreak if a body lice epidemic occurs under unfavorable ... | 2016 | 26384814 |
| rickettsia prowazekii methionine aminopeptidase as a promising target for the development of antibacterial agents. | methionine aminopeptidase (metap) is a class of ubiquitous enzymes essential for the survival of numerous bacterial species. these enzymes are responsible for the cleavage of n-terminal formyl-methionine initiators from nascent proteins to initiate post-translational modifications that are often essential to proper protein function. thus, inhibition of metap activity has been implicated as a novel antibacterial target. we tested this idea in the present study by targeting the metap enzyme in the ... | 2017 | 28089350 |
| the history of epidemic typhus. | epidemic typhus caused by rickettsia prowazekii is one of the oldest pestilential diseases of humankind. the disease is transmitted to human beings by the body louse pediculus humanus corporis and is still considered a major threat by public health authorities, despite the efficacy of antibiotics, because poor sanitary conditions are conducive to louse proliferation. epidemic typhus has accompanied disasters that impact humanity and has arguably determined the outcome of more wars than have sold ... | 2016 | 27726780 |
| structural insights into substrate recognition and catalysis in outer membrane protein b (ompb) by protein-lysine methyltransferases from rickettsia. | rickettsia belong to a family of gram-negative obligate intracellular infectious bacteria that are the causative agents of typhus and spotted fever. outer membrane protein b (ompb) occurs in all rickettsial species, serves as a protective envelope, mediates host cell adhesion and invasion, and is a major immunodominant antigen. ompbs from virulent strains contain multiple trimethylated lysine residues, whereas the avirulent strain contains mainly monomethyllysine. two protein-lysine methyltransf ... | 2016 | 27474738 |
| development of a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for the detection of rickettsia spp. | we developed a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) method to detect rickettsia spp., including rickettsia prowazekii and r. typhi. species-specific lamp primers were developed for orthologous genes conserved among rickettsia spp. the selected modified primers could detect all the rickettsia spp. tested. the lamp method was successfully used to detect 100 dna copies of rickettsia spp. within approximately 60 min at 63℃. therefore, this method may be an excellent tool for the early ... | 2017 | 27357983 |
| fluorescence activated cell sorting of rickettsia prowazekii-infected host cells based on bacterial burden and early detection of fluorescent rickettsial transformants. | rickettsia prowazekii, the causative agent of epidemic typhus, is an obligate intracellular bacterium that replicates only within the cytosol of a eukaryotic host cell. despite the barriers to genetic manipulation that such a life style creates, rickettsial mutants have been generated by transposon insertion as well as by homologous recombination mechanisms. however, progress is hampered by the length of time required to identify and isolate r. prowazekii transformants. to reduce the time requir ... | 2016 | 27010457 |
| [brill-zinser disease as a consequence of rickettsia prowazekii persistence in previously ill who have had epidemic typhus (epidemiologic aspects)]. | materials, that summarize data of original research and scientific literature on epidemiology and problems of persistence during epidemic typhus, whose causative agent (rickettsia prowazekii) is reactivated in the organism of the previously ill and is manifested as brill-zinser disease, are presented. a retrospective analysis was carried out with the data obtained by russian (all-union) centre for rickettsioses during study of epidemiologic examination maps of 5705 typhus nidi and results of 19 ... | 2015 | 26470431 |
| single-cell genomics of a rare environmental alphaproteobacterium provides unique insights into rickettsiaceae evolution. | the bacterial family rickettsiaceae includes a group of well-known etiological agents of many human and vertebrate diseases, including epidemic typhus-causing pathogen rickettsia prowazekii. owing to their medical relevance, rickettsiae have attracted a great deal of attention and their host-pathogen interactions have been thoroughly investigated. all known members display obligate intracellular lifestyles, and the best-studied genera, rickettsia and orientia, include species that are hosted by ... | 2015 | 25848874 |
| inactivation of sam-methyltransferase is the mechanism of attenuation of a historic louse borne typhus vaccine strain. | louse borne typhus (also called epidemic typhus) was one of man's major scourges, and epidemics of the disease can be reignited when social, economic, or political systems are disrupted. the fear of a bioterrorist attack using the etiologic agent of typhus, rickettsia prowazekii, was a reality. an attenuated typhus vaccine, r. prowazekii madrid e strain, was observed to revert to virulence as demonstrated by isolation of the virulent revertant evir strain from animals which were inoculated with ... | 2014 | 25412248 |
| discovery of novel cross-protective rickettsia prowazekii t-cell antigens using a combined reverse vaccinology and in vivo screening approach. | rickettsial agents are some of the most lethal pathogens known to man. among them, rickettsia prowazekii is a select agent with potential use for bioterrorism; yet, there is no anti-rickettsia vaccine commercially available. owing to the obligate intracellular lifestyle of rickettsiae, cd8(+) t cells are indispensable for protective cellular immunity. furthermore, t cells can mediate cross-protective immunity between different pathogenic rickettsia, a finding consistent with the remarkable simil ... | 2014 | 25010827 |
| sylvatic typhus associated with flying squirrels (glaucomys volans) in new york state, united states. | sylvatic typhus is an infrequent, potentially life-threatening emerging zoonotic disease. in january of 2009, the new york state department of health was notified of a familial cluster of two suspected cases. due to the paucity of typhus cases in new york, epidemiologic and environmental investigations were conducted to establish rickettsial etiology and determine potential sources of infection. patients presented with symptoms consistent with typhus, and serologic testing of each patient confir ... | 2014 | 24689928 |
| drought and epidemic typhus, central mexico, 1655-1918. | epidemic typhus is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium rickettsia prowazekii and transmitted by body lice (pediculus humanus corporis). this disease occurs where conditions are crowded and unsanitary. this disease accompanied war, famine, and poverty for centuries. historical and proxy climate data indicate that drought was a major factor in the development of typhus epidemics in mexico during 1655-1918. evidence was found for 22 large typhus epidemics in central mexico, and tree-ring ... | 2014 | 24564928 |
| multimethylation of rickettsia ompb catalyzed by lysine methyltransferases. | methylation of rickettsial ompb (outer membrane protein b) has been implicated in bacterial virulence. rickettsial methyltransferases rp789 and rp027-028 are the first biochemically characterized methyltransferases to catalyze methylation of outer membrane protein (omp). methylation in omp remains poorly understood. using semiquantitative integrated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy, we characterize methylation of (i) recombinantly expressed fragments of rickettsia typhi ompb expose ... | 2014 | 24497633 |
| discovery of a protective rickettsia prowazekii antigen recognized by cd8+ t cells, rp884, using an in vivo screening platform. | rickettsia prowazekii has been tested for biological warfare due to the high mortality that it produces after aerosol transmission of very low numbers of rickettsiae. epidemic typhus, the infection caused by these obligately intracellular bacteria, continues to be a threat because it is difficult to diagnose due to initial non-specific symptoms and the lack of commercial diagnostic tests that are sensitive and specific during the initial clinical presentation. a vaccine to prevent epidemic typhu ... | 2013 | 24146844 |
| genome sequencing of four strains of rickettsia prowazekii, the causative agent of epidemic typhus, including one flying squirrel isolate. | rickettsia prowazekii is a notable intracellular pathogen, the agent of epidemic typhus, and a potential biothreat agent. we present here whole-genome sequence data for four strains of r. prowazekii, including one from a flying squirrel. | 2013 | 23814035 |
| dual mechanisms of metabolite acquisition by the obligate intracytosolic pathogen rickettsia prowazekii reveal novel aspects of triose phosphate transport. | rickettsia prowazekii is an obligate intracytosolic pathogen and the causative agent of epidemic typhus fever in humans. as an evolutionary model of intracellular pathogenesis, rickettsiae are notorious for their use of transport systems that parasitize eukaryotic host cell biochemical pathways. rickettsial transport systems for substrates found only in eukaryotic cell cytoplasm are uncommon among free-living microorganisms and often possess distinctive mechanisms. we previously reported that r. ... | 2013 | 23772074 |
| preparing for biological threats: addressing the needs of pregnant women. | intentional release of infectious agents and biological weapons to cause illness and death has the potential to greatly impact pregnant women and their fetuses. we review what is known about the maternal and fetal effects of seven biological threats: bacillus anthracis (anthrax); variola virus (smallpox); clostridium botulinum toxin (botulism); burkholderia mallei (glanders) and burkholderia pseudomallei (melioidosis); yersinia pestis (plague); francisella tularensis (tularemia); and rickettsia ... | 2017 | 28398677 |
| human head lice and pubic lice reveal the presence of several acinetobacter species in algiers, algeria. | there are two majorspecies of medically important lice that parasitize humans: phthirus pubis, found in pubic hair, and pediculus humanus. pediculus humanus consists of two eco types that live in specific niches on the human host: body lice (pediculus humanus humanus), found on the human body and clothing, and head lice (pediculus humanus capitis), found on the scalp. to date, only body lice are known to be vectors of human disease; however, it has recently been reported that the dna of several ... | 2017 | 28750865 |
| transcriptional profiling of rickettsia prowazekii coding and non-coding transcripts during in vitro host-pathogen and vector-pathogen interactions. | natural pathogen transmission of rickettsia prowazekii, the etiologic agent of epidemic typhus, to humans is associated with arthropods, including human body lice, ticks, and ectoparasites of eastern flying squirrel. recently, we have documented the presence of small rnas in rickettsia species and expression of r. prowazekii srnas during infection of cultured human microvascular endothelial cells (hmecs), which represent the primary target cells during human infections. bacterial noncoding trans ... | 2017 | 28709615 |