| taxonomic studies of rickettsiella, rickettsia, and chlamydia using genomic dna. | invertebrate pathogens of the genus rickettsiella (order rickettsiales) undergo a developmental cycle more characteristic of chlamydial organisms (order chlamydiales) than of typical rickettsiae. moreover, among recognized species of rickettsiella, there is considerable variation in host range and in the ultrastructure and development of the infectious stage, i.e., the elementary body. to begin an analysis of the taxonomic relationships of the invertebrate pathogens belonging to the genus ricket ... | 1994 | 7912708 |
| the inhibitory effect of fluoroquinolones on coxiella burnetii growth in in-vitro systems. | | 1994 | 7928822 |
| q fever: an issue in occupational health & safety? an overview of the methods of control and the effects of coxiella burnetii on the human host. | q fever has proved to be a virulent infectious disease for a great many years. a number of epidemics have occurred among laboratory workers engaged in research on c burnetii but few fatalities have been recorded and the course of the disease is generally uncomplicated and benign (braunwald et al, 1987). by following the recommendations of a large number of scientists, implementing and maintaining basic control measures, the risk of contamination will be kept at a minimum. | 1994 | 7932487 |
| chloroquine does not enhance the activity of clarithromycin against multiplication of mycobacterium avium within human macrophages. | chloroquine, an alkalinizing lysosomotropic agent, enhances the intracellular activity of antibiotics against mycobacterium tuberculosis or coxiella burnetii. | 1994 | 7949074 |
| survey of antibodies against various infectious disease agents in racing camels in abu dhabi, united arab emirates. | prevalence of antibodies against some important disease agents in sera from racing camels in abu dhabi (united arab emirates) is reported. antibodies against brucella abortus were detected in 1.5% of racing camels, but only 0.76% had titres sufficient for the animals to be considered infected. the complement fixation test revealed antibodies against coxiella burnetii (causative agent of q fever) in 7.9% of camels (with a geometrical mean titre of 13) and against parainfluenza virus type 3 in 5.6 ... | 1994 | 7949353 |
| immunochemical and antigenic characterization of coxiella burnetii strains isolated in europe and mongolia. | sds-page, immunoblotting and serological methods such as microimmunofluorescence (mif) test and elisa were used to compare protein and lipopolysaccharide (lps) profiles and antigenicity of 12 coxiella burnetii strains isolated mostly from ticks in europe and mongolia with three reference c. burnetii strains originating from usa, namely nine mile from tick, priscilla from goat placenta and s from human heart valve. among strains from europe and mongolia, no significant differences in protein and ... | 1994 | 7957797 |
| pneumonia and carcinoma of the lung. | in a prospective study of 1269 patients with community-acquired pneumonia, 25 (1.97%) were found to have carcinoma of the lung. in 23 cases, the diagnosis was confirmed histologically. for nine of the 23 patients, this episode of pneumonia was the initial manifestation of carcinoma of the lung. the diagnosis of carcinoma was first suggested by the radiologist as the result of a chest radiograph in five of the nine cases. one patient with bronchoalveolar cell carcinoma presented with rapidly prog ... | 1994 | 7963634 |
| [the usefulness of iga antibodies in the diagnosis of endocarditis due to q fever]. | | 1994 | 7967888 |
| immunohistologic demonstration of coxiella burnetii in the valves of patients with q fever endocarditis. | cardiac valves that were resected from patients with q fever endocarditis were examined by immunohistologic methods to correlate the presence of coxiella burnetii in the valves with the histopathologic, serologic, microbiologic, and clinical findings. | 1994 | 7977434 |
| heart transplantation for q fever endocarditis. | a 30-year-old man underwent aortic and mitral valve replacement for the treatment of q fever endocarditis. postoperatively, paravalvular leak of the mitral prosthesis, progressive deterioration in cardiac function, and intractable heart failure developed. as a result, the patient underwent orthotopic heart transplantation 15 months after his initial valve operation. the patient is clinically well 14 months after transplantation. | 1994 | 7979759 |
| [granulomatous hepatitis and fever of unknown origin]. | in this paper, we review the etiological, clinical and evolutive aspects of patients with fever of unknown origin (fuo) whose hepatic biopsy showed the presence of granulomas (gh). this is retrospective study covering a period of 10 years (1982-1991). the clinical records of all the patients hospitalized due to fuo (n = 71) and of all those in whose hepatic biopsy the presence of gh (n = 70) was documentated, were reviewed. thirty patients fulfilled both criteria: fuo + gh. in our environment, q ... | 1994 | 7981360 |
| temporal arteritis associated with acute q fever. a case report. | the authors describe the case of a sixty-four-year-old man who presented with clinical and histopathologic evidence of temporal arteritis associated with acute q fever. this association, which has not been previously reported, supports the possible infectious etiology in temporal arteritis. | 1994 | 7985833 |
| [coxiella burnetii antigens--inducers of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1]. | the cultivation of mouse peritoneal macrophages in the presence of antigenic preparations obtained from c.burnetii was accompanied by the appearance of phagocytes and considerable amounts of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin 1 in the culture medium. the production of cytokines depended on the doses of preparations used as inducers. the special treatment of c.burnetii antigen, selectively removing its phospholipid components, led to a sharp drop in its capacity for stimulating the production ... | 1994 | 7992540 |
| identification of a partition region carried by the plasmid qph1 of coxiella burnetii. | coxiella burnetii is an intracellular bacterial pathogen which causes q fever in humans and other animals. most of the isolates found carry plasmids which share considerable homology. unfortunately all of these plasmids remain cryptic. initial attempts to look for secreted or membrane proteins encoded by these plasmids using tnphoa mutagenesis revealed an open reading frame on the ecori-fragment c of the plasmid qph1. upstream dna sequencing of the tnphoa insertions revealed a deduced peptide se ... | 1994 | 7997168 |
| [clinical and serologic study of czecho-slovak citizens working in developing countries from the aspect of risk of infection with coxiella burnetii]. | in the years 1984-1988 we observed, besides the routine examinations of history, clinical state, and laboratory tests, also the presence of antibodies to coxiella burnetii antigens by means of microagglutination reaction (mar). the examinations were performed in our citizens returning to czecho-slovakia from a long termed business stay in the developing countries. antibodies to c. burnetii antigen 2 have been detected entirely in 91 serum samples, out of which 48 cases following their stay in li ... | 1993 | 8004488 |
| comparison of virulence for guinea pigs and mice of different coxiella burnetii phase i strains. | virulence of four coxiella burnettii phase i strains associated with acute (nine mile and luga strains) and chronic (s and priscilla strains) forms of q fever, respectively, for outbred guinea pigs and inbred balb/c mice was compared. in guinea pigs exposed to infectious aerosol, virulence of the strains nine mile, luga and s was similar, because they all caused lethal infection and high febrile reaction (fr). by contrast, exposure to similar doses of the strain priscilla resulted in the non-let ... | 1993 | 8010182 |
| valvular endocarditis occurs as a part of a disseminated coxiella burnetii infection in immunocompromised balb/cj (h-2d) mice infected with the nine mile isolate of c. burnetii. | balb/cj (h-2d) mice were injected intraperitoneally (ip) with cyclophosphamide 2 days after ip inoculation with coxiella burnetii nine mile, phase i. ten days after infection, disseminated microabscesses, granulomas, and microthrombi were observed in most organs, including spleen and liver, and in bone marrow. in addition, endocarditis of the atrioventricular and semilunar valves, characterized by macrophages and neutrophils, was present. at the same time, c. burnetii antigen was found in most o ... | 1994 | 8014505 |
| dairy cows as reservoirs of coxiella burnetii in zimbabwe. | sera obtained from 274 dairy cows in commercial dairies around zimbabwe examined by indirect immunofluorescence for antibodies reactive with phase ii coxiella burnetii antigens. overall, 41 pc of the cows were reactive at a titre of 1/40 or greater with the seroprevalence in dairies varying from 33-75 pc. the implications for human and animal health are discussed. | 1993 | 8020076 |
| [infections due to hard-to-treat germs. endocarditis and nosocomial opportunistic infections]. | the authors describe some aspects of "difficult to treat" infections, pointing out, on the basis of their experience, infective endocarditis (ie) and nosocomial infections in compromised host. among difficult-to-treat ie, the authors stress: 1) the peculiar etio-epidemiological features and the frequent causative pathogens multiresistance on early post-surgical ie; 2) the problems in detecting and management of ie by hacek group microorganisms; 3) the problems related to other unusual agents ie, ... | 1994 | 8023010 |
| [bacterial endocarditis: current bacteriological data]. | the bacteria causing infective endocarditis have not changed significantly despite the diversity of potential portals of entry. streptococci (viridans) cause 35 to 45% of cases of endocarditis. group d streptococci of gastrointestinal origin cause about 20% of cases of endocarditis: streptococcus bovis is the most commonly isolated species followed by the enterococcus. the beta-haemolytic streptococci of groups a, b, c and g are rarely isolated. seventeen to thirty per cent of endocarditis is ca ... | 1993 | 8024385 |
| [acute respiratory insufficiency secondary to coxiella burnetii pneumonia: a rare complication]. | acute respiratory failure secondary to coxiella burnetii infection is an extremely rare but serious complication that usually has a good prognosis after appropriate treatment. we describe a female patient who developed acute respiratory failure secondary to coxiella burnetii pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation and antibiotic therapy. | 1994 | 8025791 |
| coxiella burnetii serology in granulomatous hepatitis. | | 1994 | 8035004 |
| unusual aspects of acute q fever-associated hepatitis. | we describe a 37-year-old farmer with a 3-week history of fevers and hepatitis, in whom q fever was diagnosed. the diagnosis was based on the findings of characteristic "ring" granulomas on a bone marrow biopsy specimen and confirmed by complement-fixation antibody tests to coxiella burnetii. unusual aspects of this case included (1) relatively low complement-fixation antibody titers, (2) prolonged prothrombin time, (3) false-positive results of a serologic test for the human immunodeficiency vi ... | 1994 | 8035634 |
| [hepatic granulomatosis caused by q fever: a cause of erroneous tuberculosis diagnosis]. | we present the case of a 31-year-old man hospitalized for the study of a fever syndrome. the patient developed acute respiratory failure, with anemia and hepatic affection. in the histological examination of the liver and bone marrow, the presence of granulomas suggesting a tuberculous etiology was demonstrated. antibodies igg anti-coxiella burnetti were detected, using indirect immunofluorescence, at the level of 1/200, with latter seroconversion to 1/800. therapy with doxycycline was administe ... | 1993 | 8049325 |
| [the effect of herd and animal factors on the detection of complement-binding antibodies against coxiella burnetii in cattle]. | to determine the prevalence of bovine coxiella (c.) burnetii infections in northern lower saxony, blood serum obtained from a total of 2160 cattle was examined for antibodies against c. burnetii using the complement fixation test (cft). from 500 randomly sampled cattle, 38 (7.6%) were seropositive. in 383 cows out of 33 dairy herds with the history of reproductive problems a significantly higher prevalence of c. burnetii specific antibodies was found than in 665 cows out of 39 herds without repr ... | 1994 | 8067989 |
| serological response in sheep vaccinated against coxiella burnetii (q fever). | | 1994 | 8069839 |
| coxiella burnetii (q fever) abortion storms in goat herds after attendance at an annual fair. | | 1994 | 8069841 |
| cloning and characterization of an autonomous replication sequence from coxiella burnetii. | a coxiella burnetii chromosomal fragment capable of functioning as an origin for the replication of a kanamycin resistance (kanr) plasmid was isolated by use of origin search methods utilizing an escherichia coli host. the 5.8-kb fragment was subcloned into phagemid vectors and was deleted progressively by an exonuclease iii-s1 technique. plasmids containing progressively shorter dna fragments were then tested for their capability to support replication by transformation of an e. coli pola strai ... | 1994 | 8071197 |
| evaluation of specificity of indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of human q fever. | ninety-five acute- and convalescent-phase serum specimens from 48 patients suspected of having rickettsial or legionella infections were assayed for antibodies to coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of q fever. to evaluate the specificity of the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for human q fever, we compared the elisa results with those of the indirect immunofluorescence antibody (ifa) test. the elisa data were analyzed by two different criteria for a positive test. the firs ... | 1994 | 8077404 |
| [the dynamics of the metabolic and functional activities of the immunocompetent cells in mice following immunization with different vaccines against q fever]. | it was shown that the immunization of mice by the chemical q fever vaccine prepared with the use of the strain "coxiella burnetii, nine mile", phase i did not markedly activate the oxidative metabolism of the peritoneal exudate cells and did not induce the non-specific cytotoxicity in them. however, it resulted in a significant suppression of the mitogen-induced proliferation of splenocytes on days 3-5. the immunization of mice by the combined (corpuscular/chemical) vaccine prepared with the use ... | 1993 | 8085902 |
| q fever in taiwan. | although q fever, a rickettsial disease caused by coxiella burnetii, is supposed to occur sporadically worldwide, there is only one case report of this disease in taiwan. we examined the antibody of q fever to evaluate the status of q fever in taiwan. | 1994 | 8087717 |
| [current aspects of infectious endocarditis. apropos of 53 cases]. | fifty-three cases of infective endocarditis are reported: 10 definite, 33 probable, 10 possible. there were: 35 males, 18 females, mean age: 66 +/- 14 years. twenty-three patients had a known valve involvement, 21 a recently diagnosed valve involvement, 9 a prosthetic valve. fifty patients had fever, 43 had a regurgitating murmur, 28 weakness and weight-loss, 13 cutaneous lesions, 11 arthritis, 8 splenomegaly, 3 ocular lesions. the portal of entry was suspected or confirmed in 37 cases: intestin ... | 1994 | 8092629 |
| prospective study of aetiology and outcome of adult lower-respiratory-tract infections in the community. | community-acquired adult lower-respiratory-tract infections (lrti) are generally thought to be caused by atypical and viral infections. we have studied 480 adults presenting to a single general practice with community-acquired lrti between november, 1990, and december, 1991. the overall incidence was 44 cases per 1000 population per year; the incidence was 2-4 times higher in people aged 60 and over than in those aged less than 50. 206 patients were studied in detail; among this group 91 (44%) h ... | 1993 | 8094769 |
| q fever with cutaneous and encephalitic involvement. | | 1993 | 8096987 |
| community-based prevalence profile of arboviral, rickettsial, and hantaan-like viral antibody in the nile river delta of egypt. | to determine the current prevalence of antibody to arboviruses, rickettsiae, and hantaan-like viruses, a survey was carried out in the nile river valley of egypt, one of the principal foci of the 1977-1978 rift valley fever (rvf) outbreak. blood specimens were obtained from 915 persons representing 190 study households. enzyme immunoassay testing showed that the overall prevalence of igg antibody was 4% to sand fly fever sicilian (sfs), 2% to sandfly fever naples (sfn), 15% to rvf, 20% to west n ... | 1993 | 8101432 |
| biological properties of chloroform/methanol extracts of coxiella burnetii. | biological properties of antigens of whole cells of c. burnetii in phase i (wci), their residue (cmr) and extract (cme) obtained by extraction of c. burnetti with chloroform/methanol mixture were subjected to a comparative study. it was shown that cme is able to react specifically with sera containing antibodies against wci. the inoculation of animals with cme, but not with wci and cmr does not cause changes of humoral and cell immunity to coxiella and does not strengthen nonspecific antibacteri ... | 1993 | 8105650 |
| entry of coxiella burnetii into host cells. | the attachment to and entry into l mouse fibroblast cells of viable phase i and phase ii nine mile coxiella burnetii was investigated. the use of 32p-labelled rickettsiae showed that phase ii c. burnetii attached more readily to l cells than phase i organisms; this probably accounts for the more rapid establishment of infection of host cells by the phase ii agents. two lines of evidence indicated that c. burnetii plays a passive role in both attachment and entry into host cells: (1) inactivation ... | 1993 | 8105658 |
| on the determination of "kdo-like substance" in the lipopolysaccharide from coxiella burnetii strain nine mile in phase ii. | the lipid a proximal carbohydrate region in a lipopolysaccharide (lps ii) isolated from coxiella burnetii strain nine mile in avirulent phase ii has been reinvestigated. so called "kdo-like substance", reported to be present in lps ii (schramek and mayer, 1982) has been unambiguously identified as the 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid (kdo). | 1993 | 8105667 |
| dot-elisa for rapid detection of q fever and spotted fever group antirickettsial antibodies. | | 1993 | 8105670 |
| in vitro susceptibilities of spotted fever group rickettsiae and coxiella burnetti to clarithromycin. | the in vitro bacteriostatic activity of clarithromycin, a new macrolide derivative, against rickettsia rickettsii, rickettsia conorii, and "rickettsia israeli" was determined by the plaque assay and the dye uptake assay. both bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities of clarithromycin against the nine mile, q212, priscilla, and me9 strains of coxiella burnetti were evaluated by using three cell culture systems. clarithromycin showed improved antibacterial activity compared with that of erythrom ... | 1993 | 8109928 |
| purification of coxiella burnetii antigen by gel-chromatography for use in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa). | cell wall antigens from coxiella burnetti were extracted by heat, ultrasonication, phenol, sds or sodium deoxycholate. these antigens were subsequently purified by gel-chromatography yielding molecular weights of 700 and 270 kd. using gel-chromatographical purification of antigens extracted by heat, ultrasonication or phenol coxiella antigens nearly devoid of contaminations could be obtained. of these highly purified antigens heat extracted antigen was treated with proteases, lysozyme or metaper ... | 1993 | 8128803 |
| outbreak of chlamydia pneumoniae infection in former injection-drug users. | in a retrospective analysis of lower respiratory tract infections in an ex-injection-drug users community, we found an outbreak (april to july 1991) of chlamydia pneumoniae infection. the epidemic occurred in a group of 26 community members (23 men and 3 women, mean age, 28.9--3 years) living and working together, who underwent acute and convalescent serologic tests for mycoplasma pneumoniae, legionella pneumophila, cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, coxiella burnetii, and chlamydia pneumoniae. all su ... | 1994 | 8131545 |
| immunization of dogs with q fever vaccines: comparison of phase i, ii and phase i cmr coxiella burnetii vaccines. | q fever vaccines were tested in mixed breed dogs by vaccinating them with formalin-killed coxiella burnetii whole cells (wc) in either phase i (wci) or phase ii (wcii), or the chloroform: methanol residue (cmr) subunit of phase i cells. phase i vaccines mixed (1:1) with freund's incomplete adjuvant (fia) induced humoral immune responses to phases i and ii antigens as measured by microagglutination assay. the cmr vaccine mixed (1:1) with fia induced greater antigen-specific antibody levels to bot ... | 1993 | 8134661 |
| monoclonal antibodies to coxiella burnetii for antigenic detection in cell cultures and in paraffin-embedded tissues. | the authors developed monoclonal antibodies to coxiella burnetti, the agent of q fever. the selected monoclonal antibody, cox1d8, did not cross-react with other bacteria and was used for early detection of c burnetti in shell vial cell cultures and for staining c burnetii in paraffin embedded tissues. formalin or bouin fixation did not alter the reactivity of the antigen with the antibody. this monoclonal antibody could be useful in the pathologic diagnosis of q fever hepatitis and endocarditis. | 1994 | 8135188 |
| q fever: prevalence of antibodies to coxiella burnetii in the basque country. | the aim of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of coxiella burnetii infection in the basque population. to this end a stratified sampling was carried out taking as a criterion the size of the population in a given area of residence. residents in sparsely populated areas were found to have a prevalence of 38.5%, significantly greater than in highly populated areas (odds ratio [or] = 1.56; 95% confidence interval [ci]: 1.08-2.27 and or = 1.58; 95% ci: 1.09-2.30). the prevalence was signific ... | 1993 | 8144303 |
| lack of anti-coxiella burnetii seropositivity in patients with htlv-i-associated myelopathy. | | 1994 | 8145938 |
| antibody prevalence of eight ruminant infectious diseases in california mule and black-tailed deer (odocoileus hemionus). | we tested 276 sera from 18 free-ranging black-tailed and mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) herds in california (usa) collected from 1987 to 1991 in five biogeographical habitat types, for antibodies against eight infectious disease agents. overall antibody prevalence was 56% for anaplasma marginale, 31% for borrelia burgdorferi, 16% for bluetongue virus serotype 17, 15% for epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus, 7% for coxiella burnetii and toxoplasma gondii, respectively, and 0% for bovine leukosis ... | 1994 | 8151824 |
| prevalence, significance, and specificity of antibodies to phospholipids in q fever. | a cross-sectional study of the prevalence, significance, and specificity of antibodies to phospholipids (apl) in patients with q fever was undertaken in a university-based tertiary care medical center. the results of the lupus anticoagulant (la) test, vdrl test, fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test, and elisa with different phospholipid antigens were determined for 26 patients with q fever diagnosed by clinical and serological criteria. plasma from four patients with q fever and antib ... | 1994 | 8161629 |
| minimizing the risk of q fever in the hospital setting. | q fever is caused by a rickettsial microorganism (coxiella burnetii) harboured in sheep. the highest concentration of organisms are found in birth products. it is a very contagious organism which humans can contract by inhaling aerosolized organisms. most commonly it leads to an acute 'flu-like illness. rarely, chronic disease with endocarditis is fatal. infected patients should be treated with tetracyclines or chloramphenicol. a number of outbreaks have been reported in hospital and research se ... | 1994 | 8167358 |
| an epidemiological study on q fever in the emilia-romagna region, italy. | a seroepidemiological survey was carried out in cattle from an apenninic area of the emilia-romagna region, italy, in order to assess the prevalence and to analyze the epidemiology of coxiella burnetii infection. the complement fixation test was performed on 711 animals from 99 herds. the prevalence rate was 13.1% with respect to the herds and 4.4% with respect to the animals. the positive titres ranged from 1:8 to 1:256. significant differences in positivity were found between animals of differ ... | 1994 | 8167437 |
| [coxiella burnetii infections (q fever) in animals and humans in poznan and leszno districts detected by serodiagnosis]. | in poznań and leszno districts, serological survey of q fever among cattle and sheep have been performed since 1973. coxiella burnetii infections have not been detected until 1985. during this period 28,272 blood samples derived from cattle and sheep have been tested. for the first time in poznań district, seropositive cattle were found in 1986 (5.5%). in the next year percentage increased to 16.3% and in following years has been on similar level. in leszno district, serum antibodies to c. burne ... | 1993 | 8171200 |
| building components contributors of the sick building syndrome. | the sick building syndrome has been widely discussed from epidemiological perspectives. although there is considerable difference in opinion regarding the concrete and objective evidence to support a distinct sick building syndrome and/or building-related illness, much data indicates that numerous variables within buildings can potentially influence human health. in this paper, we discuss in detail not only the potential and unique infectious diseases caused by legionella, pontiac fever, q fever ... | 1994 | 8175632 |
| serotyping coxiella burnetii isolates from acute and chronic q fever patients by using monoclonal antibodies. | four mouse monoclonal antibodies reacting with coxiella burnetti lipopolysaccharide antigens were produced and used in serotyping 17 c. burnetii isolates from acute q fever and q fever endocarditis patients in france. two monoclonal antibodies (1b2 and 3b6) were considered specific for the priscilla strain, a representative of q fever endocarditis isolates, and did not react with the nine mile strain, which is representative of acute q fever isolates. monoclonal antibodies nos. 1b2 and 3b6 react ... | 1994 | 8181707 |
| [coxiella burnetii endocarditis on a bioprosthetic valve: review of the literature apropos of a case]. | a 51-year-old woman, originating from algeria, developed q fever endocarditis on porcine bioprosthetic mitral valve. she had chronic course with nonspecific symptoms, such as dyspnea and fever, hepatosplenomegaly, and developed progressive cardiac failure. worsening of hemodynamic state led to prosthetic valve replacement. hemocultures were all negative, and the diagnosis of q fever was unexpectedly performed by systematic screening for specific serum antibody to coxiella burnetti. high phase i ... | 1993 | 8191103 |
| vaccine prophylaxis of q fever. a follow-up study of the efficacy of q-vax (csl) 1985-1990. | to examine the efficacy of various batches of a formalin-inactivated whole cell coxiella burnetti vaccine (henzerling strain, phase 1 [q-vax, csl]) in the prevention of q fever among abattoir workers. | 1994 | 8202006 |
| q-fever in a patient with a ventriculo-peritoneal drain. case report and short review of the literature. | although q-fever is still a relatively rare disease in the netherlands, its incidence seems to be increasing. in this article we describe the case-history of a 65-year-old woman with a pudenz-drain, who acquired q-fever pneumonia while manuring her garden. the course of the disease was deviant, which most likely was caused by colonization of the ventriculo-peritoneal drain with coxiella burnetii. q-fever usually presents as a self-limiting illness. in the case of chronic q-fever, complications s ... | 1994 | 8208325 |
| [the status of epidemiological surveillance in rickettsioses in ukraine]. | a multi-annual study of rickettsiosis in the ukraine is presented which included brill's disease, q-fever, volyn fever. the status of epidemiological surveillance is outlined. ways of perfection of the surveillance system are described. | 1993 | 8209442 |
| [lacteal and placental excretion of coxiella burnetti, agent of q fever, in the cow. importance and prevention]. | q fever, a true zoonosis, comes always from an animal contamination. the causes of human infection are mainly the pulmonary route and at a less degree the oral route. we describe, from a mouse model, a method of quantitative evaluation of the excretion of coxiella in the milk. our experiments done on 400 samples of milk of clinically infected cows, show that the mammal excretion is low and irregular. moreover it needs 10,000 times more of coxiella to the mouse by oral route than by the intraperi ... | 1993 | 8221191 |
| anticardiolipin antibodies and dependence of a serum cofactor. a mechanism of thrombosis. | to evaluate the dependence on the serum cofactor of anticardiolipin antibodies (acl) in infectious and autoimmune diseases. we also studied their correlation with some clinical manifestations, specially thrombosis. | 1993 | 8230012 |
| lymphocytic meningitis as the sole manifestation of q fever. | a young man who presented with a 3 week history of fever and severe headache accompanied by mild leukocytosis, was found to have lymphocytic meningitis due to coxiella burnetti. thus, q fever can present as lymphocytic (aseptic) meningitis responsive to tetracycline with no evidence of pulmonary involvement. | 1993 | 8234110 |
| [tick-borne diseases]. | due to their worldwide distribution, from hottest to coldest climates, and due to their behaviour, ticks are capable of transmitting numerous human and animal bacterial viral or parasitous diseases. depending on the disease, they play the role of biological vector or intermediate host. in france, six tick borne diseases are of epidemiologic importance. q fever (not often tick-borne), mediterranean spotted fever, lyme disease, turalemia (human and animal), babesiosis and tick-borne viral encephal ... | 1993 | 8235143 |
| a sporulation gene in coxiella burnetii? | during a search for conserved target sequences on the genome of coxiella burnetii for a diagnostic pcr a noti/ecorv dna fragment was cloned and sequenced from the isolate "nine mile", phase i (sequence data are registered under accession number x70045 in data bases embl, genebank and ddbj). on this fragment we have found a sequence of 1741 base pairs which showed an exceptionally high homology (60% on the nucleic acid level and 49.6% on the amino acid level) to the sporulation gene "spoiiie" of ... | 1993 | 8237209 |
| treatment of q fever. | | 1993 | 8239576 |
| plasmid based differentiation and detection of coxiella burnetii in clinical samples. | a "nested" pcr approach with primers based on conserved plasmid sequences was used for the highly sensitive and specific detection of coxiella (c.) burnetii in clinical samples collected from cattle, dogs, cats and humans. results were in good agreement with those obtained from capture-elisa and isolation of the organism in bgm cell culture. we also tested primers with sequences derived from genomic dna and sequences based on 16s rrna. in addition, we applied pcr for the differentiation of c. bu ... | 1993 | 8243597 |
| seroepidemiology of coxiella burnetii among wildlife in nova scotia. | we used an indirect immunofluorescence assay to determine antibody titers to phase i and phase ii coxiella burnetii antigens in serum samples from a variety of wild animals in nova scotia. forty-nine percent of the hares, 16.5% of the moose, 7.1% of the raccoons, and 1.5% of the white-tailed deer tested had antibodies to phase i antigen. we conclude that there is extensive infection of the hare population by c. burnetii, with lesser degrees of infection of the moose, raccoon, and deer population ... | 1993 | 8250101 |
| variation in interferon-gamma responses to coxiella burnetii antigens with lymphocytes from vaccinated or naturally infected subjects. | previous work in our laboratory has shown that lymphocytes from persons vaccinated with a formalin-inactivated phase i q fever vaccine (q-vax csl ltd) show a mitogenic response to coxiella burnetii antigens. the mitogenic response is the sum of that from various subsets of cd4+, t helper cells, cd8+ t cells and probably b cells. it does not distinguish between t helper cell responses leading to formation of interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma)--a cytokine responsible for clearing intracellular infection ... | 1993 | 8252811 |
| q fever mimicking herpetic encephalitis. | we describe a patient with temporal lobe encephalitis associated with primary coxiella burnetii infection who presented with ct and mri findings suggestive of herpes simplex encephalitis and an initial improvement during treatment with acyclovir. q fever should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients whose manifestations suggest herpes encephalitis. | 1993 | 8255487 |
| [osteoarthritis due to coxiella burnetii]. | | 1993 | 8256022 |
| serologic survey for selected viral and rickettsial agents of brown bears (ursus arctos) in croatia. | sera from 22 (13 wild and nine captive) european brown bears (ursus arctos) from croatia were tested to 18 viral and rickettsial agents. serologic evidence of exposure was found to the following agents (number positive/number examined): bhanja virus (3/15), tahyna virus (3/15), west nile virus (4/15), naples sandfly fever virus (1/15), human adenovirus (1/22), influenza a (1/22) and b (1/22) virus, cytomegalovirus (1/22), parainfluenza virus 1 (2/22), chlamydia psittaci (1/22), coxiella burnetii ... | 1993 | 8258856 |
| a serologic survey for some bacterial and viral zoonoses in game animals in the czech republic. | between 1986 and 1991, sera were collected from 33 roe deer (capreolus capreolus), 24 red deer (cervus elaphus), four fallow deer (dama dama), two mouflon (ovis musimon), 34 wild boars (sus scrofa), and 48 hares (lepus europaeus) shot in two areas of the czech republic. collectively, the sera contained antibodies to coxiella burnetii (prevalence of 12%), francisella tularensis (4%), brucella spp. (2%), central european tick-borne encephalitis virus (8%), tahyna (california serogroup) virus (36%) ... | 1993 | 8258864 |
| a large q fever outbreak in the west midlands: clinical aspects. | in the spring of 1989 the largest outbreak of acute q fever recorded in the united kingdom occurred in solihull and surrounding areas of the west midlands. the diagnosis was confirmed in 147 people, mainly males of working age. windborne spread from farmland to the south of the urban area was the most likely route of infection. fever was the commonest symptom, seen in 101/102 (99%) cases, followed by weight loss reported by 83/101 (82%). headache, often severe, was experienced by 69/101 (68%). t ... | 1993 | 8265838 |
| serosurvey of some major zoonotic infections in children and teenagers in bali, indonesia. | one hundred and ninety serum samples, mainly from children and teenagers, from northeast bali were tested for the presence of antibodies against five zoonotic agents: brucella abortus, coxiella burnetii, toxoplasma gondii, toxocara canis and trichinella spiralis. all children were negative for brucellosis and q fever. a high prevalence rate was found for toxocariasis (63.2%) and trichinosis (19.5%). antibody prevalence against t. gondii was found to be rather low (3.1%). to our knowledge, this i ... | 1993 | 8266236 |
| [abortions in a lower austrian sheep facility caused by coxiella burnetii]. | in a flock of sheep the causal connection between abortions and the infection with coxiella burnetii is demonstrated serologically, bacteriologically and by pathological examination. in order to identify c. burnetii as causing agent in case of abortions the submission of placental parts in addition to the fetus, in combination with a serological control of the flock, is recommended. to check the seroprevalence of c. burnetii in the region concerned random blood samples of 12 flocks were taken an ... | 1993 | 8267562 |
| phase variation of lipopolysaccharide of coxiella burnetii, strain priscilla during chick embryo yolk sac passaging. | changes of lipopolysaccharide (lps) of coxiella burnetii strain priscilla during chick embryo yolk sac passaging were observed by sds-page and immunoblot analysis. the course of lps phase variation was similar to that found in other c. burnetti strains, i.e. a conversion of the phase i to the intermediate phase ii after 10 passages. the intermediate phase ii lps of priscilla strain was also detectable by immunoblot analysis using immune serum against priscilla strain in the 30th passage. | 1993 | 8270193 |
| lack of pathotype specific gene in human coxiella burnetii isolates. | human q fever, due to the obligate intracellular bacterium coxiella burnetii may be acute or chronic. the acute form is rarely fatal, although the chronic form, mostly represented by chronic q fever endocarditis, is severe and usually fatal in lack of appropriate treatment. a correlation between the human disease state and plasmid types has been described, and specific dna sequences unique to each plasmid type and which would code for specific pathotypes have been characterized. because this gen ... | 1993 | 8271918 |
| q fever is absent from new zealand. | to investigate the presence of coxiella burnetii in sheep and cattle, the two major ruminant populations of new zealand, its seroprevalence was determined in aborting cattle and sheepdogs. these groups of animals were chosen because of their accessibility and the fact that they would be good indicators for the presence of the organism. a total of 2181 bovine and 12,556 canine samples were all seronegative. on the basis of these results and previous reports it is argued that new zealand is free o ... | 1993 | 8282477 |
| immunocytochemical demonstration of coxiella burnetii antigen in the fetal placenta of naturally infected sheep and cattle. | coxiella burnetii antigen was demonstrated immunocytochemically in the placental tissues of aborted fetuses from four cows and two ewes and from one full-term calf. antigen was observed in cytoplasmic vacuoles of trophoblasts, especially along the base of the chorionic villi. positive trophoblasts were of normal size or exhibited striking cytoplasmic enlargement. antigen was also demonstrated in neutrophils, degenerated cells and extracellularly in the intervillous spaces. the chorioallantoic co ... | 1993 | 8300917 |
| coxiella burnetii infection of pseudoaneurysm of an aortic bypass graft with contiguous vertebral osteomyelitis. | we report the case of a 67-year-old man who had an infection of a pseudoaneurysm of an aortic graft with contiguous vertebral osteomyelitis. the infectious organism was identified as coxiella burnetii, a strict intracellular pathogen causing q fever infection in humans. the patient was treated successfully with removal of the infected material in conjunction with extraanatomic bypass and specific antibiotic therapy. he is doing well after more than 3 years, with no evidence of recurrent periaort ... | 1994 | 8301729 |
| [seroprevalence of coxiella burnetii and rickettsia conorii infection in the province of soria]. | determine the antibodies prevalence against coxiella burnetii and rickettsia conorii in soria (spain). | 1993 | 8305552 |
| coxiella burnetii infection among subjects infected with hiv type 1 in the central african republic. | sixty-six sera from hiv-1-seropositive adult african subjects and 49 sera from hiv-seronegative age and sex matched healthy african controls living in bangui, central african republic, were screened for coxiella burnetii antibody by an indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. 16.7% of hiv-infected patients and 16.3% of the hiv-negative controls had positive igg titres, with no significant difference between the two groups. two of the seven hiv-infected patients seropositive for coxiella burneti ... | 1993 | 8307049 |
| serological differentiation between acute (late control) and endocarditis q fever. | to differentiate the serological profiles of chronic (endocarditis) q fever from the late follow up of acute cases. | 1993 | 8320321 |
| acute renal failure as the main complication of acute infection with coxiella burnetii. | | 1993 | 8321379 |
| serological evidence of coxiella burnetii infection in wild animals in japan. | one hundred and thirty-four (26%) of 511 sera from 11 wild animal species in eight prefectures in japan had antibody titers to coxiella burnetii by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. high prevalences were observed in japanese black bears (ursus thibetanus) (78%), hokkaido deer (cervus nippon yesoensis) (69%), japanese hares (lepus brachyurus) (63%), japanese deer (cervus nippon centralis) (56%), and to some extent in japanese monkeys (macaca fuscata) (28%). a low prevalence (13%) was observe ... | 1993 | 8355353 |
| q fever. | q fever is an acute febrile illness first described in 1935 and now seen in many parts of the world. human infection follows exposure to animals, especially domestic livestock. recent outbreaks in metropolitan areas have implicated cats as the carrier of disease to humans. the etiologic agent, coxiella burnetti, belongs to the family rickettsiaceae, although it has distinct genetic characteristics and modes of transmission. most recent attention has been focused on a number of large outbreaks of ... | 1993 | 8358703 |
| coxiella burnetii serology in granulomatous hepatitis. | granulomatous hepatitis as the sole manifestation of acute q fever has been reported only rarely, although minimal hepatic dysfunction may be common in the acute disease. in this paper we report two patients with acute q fever who presented with hepatitis; one of whom had granulomatous hepatitis on liver biopsy. we discuss the serological diagnosis of acute and chronic q fever particularly in relation to hepatitis. | 1993 | 8370948 |
| [infectious endocarditis due to q fever. a report of 4 new cases]. | q fever (coxiella burnetii) is an uncommon cause of culture-negative infective endocarditis. four cases of q fever endocarditis diagnosed at our hospital in the last 7 years are reported (8% of all infective endocarditis). infection involved a prosthetic heart valve in 3 cases (15% of all prosthetic valve endocarditis), and one patient with single ventricle and pulmonary stenosis in the remaining case. important complications developed in all cases, and 3 patients underwent cardiac surgery. mort ... | 1993 | 8378569 |
| [the diagnosis of rickettsioses in patients under therapy]. | a serological study of 92 patients with rickettsiosis, revealed in the blood serum of 19 patients antibodies to the pathogens of q-fever or typhoid fever. in three patients the character of distribution of immunoglobulins of different classes corresponded to the chronic course of rickettsia infection. patients of the therapeutic profile from infections foci should be examined for rickettsiosis. | 1993 | 8379143 |
| hairy cell transformation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes by coxiella burnetii. | hairy cell (hc) transformation of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) by coxiella burnetii was studied to clarify the significance of persistency of c. burnetii in a hairy cell line (designated "tol"). tol cells which exhibited hc characteristics in hairy cell leukemia (hcl) were persistently infected with c. burnetii. two strains of c. burnetii, our isolate from tol cells and the original isolate in 1935, the nine mile strain from american type culture collection (atcc, u.s.a), were inocul ... | 1993 | 8379181 |
| coxiella burnetii infection among hiv-1-infected people living in paris, france. | | 1993 | 8397959 |
| coxiella burnetii penetration into the reproductive system of male mice, promoting sexual transmission of infection. | coxiella burnetii bacteria penetrate different host organs via the bloodstream. in infected mice, bacteremia was observed during the first week of infection: later, bacteria were cultured from the spleens, livers, testes, epididymes, prostate, and semen; bacteriuria developed beginning from the second week of infection. on day 21 of infection, degenerative changes with aggregated macrophages containing bacteria were observed in capillary blood vessels and the surrounding tissues of the adipose e ... | 1993 | 8406807 |
| acid phosphatase activity in coxiella burnetii: a possible virulence factor. | high-speed supernatant fluids derived from sonicated coxiella burnetii contained considerable acid phosphatase activity when assayed by using 4-methylumbelliferylphosphate; they also contained a factor that blocked superoxide anion production by human neutrophils stimulated with formyl-met-leu-phe. the ph optimum of the enzyme was approximately 5.0. the level of phosphatase activity detected in several isolates of c. burnetii implicated in acute (nine mile) and chronic (s q217, prs q177, k q154) ... | 1993 | 8406811 |
| three-dimensional reconstruction of coxiella burnetii-infected l929 cells by high-voltage electron microscopy. | previous examination of thin sections of l929 cells heavily infected with the q fever priscilla isolate by conventional transmission electron microscopy indicated that the rickettsiae resided within multiple vacuoles. the present study using high-voltage electron microscopy and three-dimensional reconstruction revealed that, in heavily infected cells, the rickettsiae, in fact, reside in one multilobed vacuole. as a result of asymmetric cell division, the multilobed vacuole containing the rickett ... | 1993 | 8406840 |
| [acute cerebellar syndrome in preventive lithium treatment and atypical pneumonia in q fever]. | cns-involvement in coxiella burnetii infection is rare. severe cerebellar symptoms with incomplete restitution were observed in 3 patients who developed q-fever pneumonia associated with a long-term prophylaxis with lithium for manic-depressive disorder. several pathophysiological mechanisms for these complications are discussed and a specific toxic-infectious interaction is suggested. | 1993 | 8413754 |
| cloning and sequencing of coxiella burnetii outer membrane protein gene com1. | the gene for an approximately 27-kda outer membrane-associated, immunoreactive protein was cloned from the rickettsial pathogen coxiella burnetii. the gene, designated com1 for coxiella outer membrane protein 1, was expressed in escherichia coli, presumably by its own promoter. the complete nucleotide sequence of the gene was determined. the deduced amino acid sequence of 252 residues includes a putative leader sequence. the leader sequence is recognized in and removed by e. coli on the basis of ... | 1993 | 8423075 |
| q fever in zimbabwe. a review of the disease and the results of a serosurvey of humans, cattle, goats and dogs. | sera from 494 humans, 180 cattle, 180 goats and 27 dogs, collected from different regions of zimbabwe, were examined by indirect fluorescence for antibodies reactive with phase ii coxiella burnetii antigen. overall, 37% of humans were reactive at a titre of 1/40 or greater, and there was no evidence of age- or sex-related differences in seroprevalence. a review of clinical and epidemiological features of q fever is presented in order to alert health workers to this infection, which apparently oc ... | 1993 | 8424194 |
| coxiella (q fever)-associated myelopathy. | we describe six men with a slowly progressive myelopathy characterized by asymmetric, incomplete spinal cord syndrome manifested with a thoracic sensory level, mild spastic paraparesis, and urinary incontinence. the spinal cord lesions were evident by mri in four of them. coxiella burnetii infection was confirmed in the blood of all patients by immunofluorescence microscopic assay (ifa) and transmission electron microscopy (tem). in two patients, we detected c burnetii by tem and ifa using csf f ... | 1993 | 8437699 |
| q fever in children. | to describe clinical profiles of q fever in children. | 1993 | 8438812 |
| chronic q fever. ninety-two cases from france, including 27 cases without endocarditis. | chronic q fever is seldom recognized; before 1989, only 234 cases had been reported in the literature. the 92 cases of chronic q fever collected at the french national reference center for rickettsioses from 1982 through 1990 represent the largest series ever reported. | 1993 | 8439227 |
| q fever and hiv infection. | to study the frequency of q fever in hiv-infected individuals. | 1993 | 8442921 |
| human ehrlichiosis--an overview. | canine ehrlichiosis, previously thought to be restricted to dogs, has gained prominence in the human population since 1986. in the united states, human ehrlichiosis is a newly recognized disease ranging from a mild infection to a severe life threatening or fatal disease. since antibody titers were found to be highest to e. canis in human ehrlichiosis patients, it was believed that e. canis or a closely related species was the etiologic agent. investigators from the centers for disease control re ... | 1993 | 8445459 |