| molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from hospitals in lithuania. | | 2010 | 20576750 |
| detection of enterobacteriaceae isolates carrying metallo-beta-lactamase - united states, 2010. | during january-june 2010, three enterobacteriaceae isolates carrying a newly described resistance mechanism, the new delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (ndm-1), were identified from three u.s. states at the cdc antimicrobial susceptibility laboratory. this is the first report of ndm-1 in the united states, and the first report of metallo-beta-lactamase carriage among enterobacteriaceae in the united states. these isolates, which include an escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and enterobacter cloa ... | 2010 | 20577157 |
| new definitions of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase conferring worldwide emerging antibiotic resistance. | although there is no consensus of the precise definition of esbl, three kinds of esbl definitions have been proposed. first, the classical definition includes variants derived from tem-1, tem-2, or shv-1; k1 (koxy) of klebsiella oxytoca. second, the broadened definition has stretched the classical definition of esbl to include: (1) beta-lactamases (ctx-m-esbls, ges-esbls, and veb-esbls), with spectra similar to those of tem and shv variants (designated as tem- and shv-esbls, respectively) but de ... | 2010 | 20577973 |
| inhibitory effects of hinokitiol on tyrosinase activity and melanin biosynthesis and its antimicrobial activities. | the inhibitory effects of hinokitiol, a constituent of the woody oils isolated from cupressaceae heartwood, on mushroom tyrosinase and melanin formation in b16 melanoma cells as well as its antimicrobial activity were investigated. our results showed that hinokitiol could strongly inhibit both monophenolase activity and diphenolase activity of the enzyme and the inhibition was reversible. the ic(50) values were estimated as 9.67 μm for monophenolase activity and 0.21 μm for diphenolase activity. ... | 2010 | 20578978 |
| presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in klebsiella pneumoniae and escherichia coli isolates possessing blavim-1 in greece. | amongst nalidixic acid-resistant, ciprofloxacin-susceptible escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates recovered over a 5-month period from inpatients and outpatients of attikon university general hospital (athens, greece), only one e. coli was positive for qnrb2 and one k. pneumoniae was positive for qnra1. both isolates were extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-negative, metallo-beta-lactamase-positive and carried the bla(vim-1) gene. neither of the isolates had mutations in gyra ... | 2010 | 20580536 |
| evaluation of the epinecidin-1 peptide as an active ingredient in cleaning solutions against pathogens. | we tested the activity of epinecidin-1, a novel antimicrobial peptide structurally related to pleurocidin, in commercial cleaning solutions stored at 4 and 25 degrees c for 7 and 14 days. the peptide's activities against enterococcus faecalis, escherichia coli, klebsiella oxytoca, pseudomonas aeruginosa, staphylococcus aureus, propionibacterium acnes, and candida albicans were measured in a minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) determination, minimal bactericidal concentration (mbc) determinati ... | 2010 | 20580756 |
| dyslipidemia induces opposing effects on intrapulmonary and extrapulmonary host defense through divergent tlr response phenotypes. | dyslipidemia influences innate immune responses in the bloodstream, but whether and how pulmonary innate immunity is sensitive to circulating lipoproteins is largely unknown. to define whether dyslipidemia impacts responses to bacteria in the airspace and, if so, whether differently from its effects in other tissues, airspace, bloodstream, and i.p. responses to lps and klebsiella pneumoniae were investigated using murine models of dyslipidemia. dyslipidemia reduced neutrophil (pmn) recruitment t ... | 2010 | 20581153 |
| [dynamics of acquires resistance in the main gramnegative pathogens of surgical infections to beta-lactams in 2004-2008]. | resistance of 2134 clinical isolates of etiologically significant species of gramnegative bacteria to 5 beta-lactam antibiotics, i. e. cefepime, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefoperazone/sulbactam, imipenem and ceftazidime (the 3rd generation cephalosporin) as the reference drug was investigated for the period of 5 years (2004-2008). in total, 554 strains of e. coli, 578 strains of p. aeruginosa, 255 strains of acinetobacter spp., 161 strains of proteus mirabilis, 359 strains of klebsiella pneumonia ... | 2010 | 20583554 |
| [antibiotic resistance of gramnegative nosocomial pathogens in minsk icus]. | the species pattern and antibiotic resistance of gramnegative isolates from patients with nosocomial infections in minsk icus were studied. pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter baumannii, klebsiella pneumoniae and escherichia coli were the main pathogens, highly resistant to the antibiotics used. imipenem, meropenem, polymyxin b, ampicillin/sulbactam, amikacin and cefoperazone/sulbactam were the most active antimicrobials against the isolates. the choice of antimicrobials for empirical therapy ... | 2009 | 20583564 |
| urinary bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile for the years 2005-2007 in st kitts. | the purpose of this study is to review bacterial isolates from cases of urinary tract infection (uti) and their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern for the years 2005-2007 in st kitts. it is hoped that the study will be of use in the treatment of cases of uti in st kitts. | 2009 | 20583685 |
| engineering of glycerol dehydrogenase for improved activity towards 1, 3-butanediol. | the objective of this study was to use protein engineering techniques to enhance the catalytic activity of glycerol dehydrogenase (glydh) on racemic 1, 3-butanediol (1, 3-bdo) for the bioproduction of the important pharmaceutical intermediate 4-hydroxy-2-butanone. three glydh genes (glda) from escherichia coli k-12, salmonella enterica, and klebsiella pneumoniae mgh78578 were shuffled to generate a random mutagenesis library. the nitroblue tetrazolium/phenazine methosulfate high throughput scree ... | 2010 | 20585771 |
| think (gram) negative! | the increasing prevalence of multiresistant gram-negative bacteria of the enterobacteriaceae family in europe is a worrisome phenomenon. extended spectrum betalactamase-producing escherichia coli strains are widespread in the community and are frequently imported into the hospital. of even more concern is the spread of carbapenem-resistant strains of klebsiella spp. from regions where they are already endemic. antibiotic use is a main driver of antibiotic resistance, which again increases broad ... | 2010 | 20587087 |
| structural investigation of bacterial lipopolysaccharides by mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry. | mass spectrometric studies are now playing a leading role in the elucidation of lipopolysaccharide (lps) structures through the characterization of antigenic polysaccharides, core oligosaccharides and lipid a components including lps genetic modifications. the conventional ms and ms/ms analyses together with cid fragmentation provide additional structural information complementary to the previous analytical experiments, and thus contribute to an integrated strategy for the simultaneous character ... | 2010 | 20589944 |
| a study of cytotoxicity of novel chlorokojic acid derivatives with their antimicrobial and antiviral activities. | a series of 6-chloromethyl-3-hydroxy-2-substituted 4h-pyran-4-one derivatives were synthesized and tested for their antimicrobial and antiviral activities. mannich base derivatives were prepared through the reaction of substituted piperazine or piperidine derivatives on chlorokojic acid and formaline. the structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by ir, (1)h and (13)c nmr, esi-ms, and elemental analysis. according to the activity studies, compounds 2-7 (mic: 1-2 microg/ml) were foun ... | 2010 | 20591538 |
| a novel strategy for integrated utilization of jerusalem artichoke stalk and tuber for production of 2,3-butanediol by klebsiella pneumoniae. | jerusalem artichoke stalk and tuber can serve as a low cost feedstock for the production of 2,3-butanediol. however, like other lignocellulosic materials, the sugar concentration in the hydrolysate prepared from jerusalem artichoke stalk is too low to be utilized effectively by microorganisms. in this paper a novel strategy was proposed to increase the sugar concentration by adding jerusalem artichoke tuber into the hydrolysate of the stalk. the sugar was then biotransformed into high-valued 2,3 ... | 2010 | 20591660 |
| influence of zinc supplementation in acute diarrhea differs by the isolated organism. | zinc supplementation is recommended in all acute diarrheas in children from developing countries. we aimed to assess whether zinc supplementation would be equally effective against all the common organisms associated with acute diarrheas. we used data on 801 children with acute diarrhea recruited in a randomized, double blind controlled trial (isrctn85071383) of zinc and copper supplementation. using prespecified subgroup analyses, multidimensionality reduction analyses, tests of heterogeneity, ... | 2010 | 20592753 |
| bench-to-bedside review: the role of beta-lactamases in antibiotic-resistant gram-negative infections. | multidrug resistance has been increasing among gram-negative bacteria and is strongly associated with the production of both chromosomal- and plasmid-encoded beta-lactamases, whose number now exceeds 890. many of the newer enzymes exhibit broad-spectrum hydrolytic activity against most classes of beta-lactams. the most important plasmid-encoded beta-lactamases include (a) ampc cephalosporinases produced in high quantities, (b) the expanding families of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases such as t ... | 2010 | 20594363 |
| chequerboard titration of cephalosporin cxa-101 (fr264205) and tazobactam versus beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae. | the developmental oxyimino-cephalosporin cxa-101 (fr264205) is notable for having greater antipseudomonal activity than ceftazidime. it is active against enterobacteriaceae too, but is compromised by extended-spectrum, ampc and carbapenem-hydrolysing beta-lactamases. we investigated the tazobactam concentrations needed to potentiate this cephalosporin against strains with these mechanisms. | 2010 | 20595207 |
| emergence of klebsiella pneumoniae carrying bla(vim) and bla(kpc) genes. | a klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolate resistant to imipenem was recovered from a wound sample. the patient, a 57-year-old man, underwent a surgical resection of small bowel and sigmoid colon and was treated with multiple courses of antimicrobials. pcr analysis revealed that the clinical isolate was carrying simultaneously bla(vim-1), bla(kpc-2), bla(shv) and bla(tem) genes. the concomitant presence of these genes is alarming and poses therapeutic as well as infection control problems. | 2010 | 20596274 |
| microbial etiologies of hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. | hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia (habp) and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (vabp) can be caused by a wide variety of bacteria that originate from the patient flora or the health care environment. we review the medical and microbiology literature and the results of the sentry antimicrobial surveillance program (1997-2008) to establish the pathogens most likely to cause habp or vabp. in all studies, a consistent 6 organisms (staphylococcus aureus [28.0%], pseudomonas aeruginosa [21 ... | 2010 | 20597676 |
| a sensitive and specific phenotypic assay for detection of metallo-β-lactamases and kpc in klebsiella pneumoniae with the use of meropenem disks supplemented with aminophenylboronic acid, dipicolinic acid and cloxacillin. | enterobacteriaceae producing carbapenemases, such as kpc or metallo-β-lactamases (mbls), have emerged on several continents. phenotypic tests are urgently needed for their rapid and accurate detection. a novel carbapenemase detection test, comprising a meropenem disk, and meropenem disks supplemented with 730 μg of edta, 1000 μg of dipicolinic acid (dpa), 600 μg of aminophenylboronic acid (apba), or 750 μg of cloxacillin, was evaluated against klebsiella pneumoniae isolates with kpc (n = 34), vi ... | 2011 | 20597925 |
| comparison of clsi 2009, clsi 2010 and eucast cephalosporin clinical breakpoints in recent clinical isolates of escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae and klebsiella oxytoca from the smart global surveillance study. | | 2010 | 20598511 |
| guideline for phenotypic screening and confirmation of carbapenemases in enterobacteriaceae. | adequate detection of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae is crucial for infection control measures and appropriate choice of antimicrobial therapy. this guideline aims to improve the detection of carbapenemase-producing enterobacteriaceae in the routine setting of clinical microbiology laboratories. detection of carbapenemases in enterobacteriaceae includes a screening step followed by a genotypic and optional phenotypic confirmatory step. for all enterobacteriaceae, the meropenem screen ... | 2010 | 20598859 |
| in vitro bactericidal activity of human beta-defensin 2 against nosocomial strains. | human beta-defensin 2 (hbd-2) is a 41-amino acid cationic peptide of the innate immune system that serves as antimicrobial molecule. we determined the bactericidal activity of synthetic hbd-2 against nosocomial strains belonging to eight different bacterial species and exhibiting various antimicrobial resistance phenotypes. the native disulfide connectivity was found essential for the bactericidal activity of hbd-2, while sodium chloride concentration was reversely associated with its potency. h ... | 2010 | 20600430 |
| isolation, characterization and phylogeny of sponge-associated bacteria with antimicrobial activities from brazil. | bacteria associated with marine sponges represent a rich source of bioactive metabolites. the aim of this study was to isolate and characterize bacteria with antimicrobial activities from brazilian sponges. a total of 158 colony-forming units were isolated from nine sponge species. among these, 12 isolates presented antimicrobial activities against pathogenic bacteria. based on comparative sequence analysis of their 16s rrna genes, the sponge-associated bacterial strains could be subdivided into ... | 2010 | 20600863 |
| quorum sensing affects biofilm formation through lipopolysaccharide synthesis in klebsiella pneumoniae. | biofilm formation by klebsiella pneumoniae is modulated by quorum sensing through the synthesis of interspecies ai-2 autoinducers. we characterized in k. pneumoniae the genes homologous to those described in escherichia coli involved in ai-2 transport, and created two isogenic mutants deleted of lsrcd and tqsa. the levels of extracellular ai-2 with lsrcd and tqsa knockout mutants showed increased and lowered concentrations of ai-2, respectively. the level of transcripts of luxs, the gene respons ... | 2010 | 20600864 |
| 1,3-propanediol production from crude glycerol from jatropha biodiesel process. | the present report describes production of 1,3-propanediol by klebsiella pneumoniae atcc 15380 from crude glycerol from jatropha biodiesel process. optimization resulted in a yield of up to 56g/l of 1,3-propanediol. a conversion rate of 0.85mol 1,3-propanediol/mol of glycerol has been obtained. downstream processing to isolate 1,3-propanediol from the fermentation broth resulted in 99.7% pure product with a recovery of 34%. the pure 1,3-propanediol was polymerized with terephthalic acid successf ... | 2011 | 20601262 |
| pyogenic liver abscess. | | 2010 | 20601616 |
| topical treatment of klebsiella pneumoniae b5055 induced burn wound infection in mice using natural products. | burn wound infection remains the principal cause of death in burn patients. efficacy of honey and aloe vera gel was evaluated in the treatment of burn wound infection induced with klebsiella pneumoniae b5055 and their efficacy was compared with an isolated and well-characterized klebsiella specific phage kpn5. | 2010 | 20601788 |
| microbial contamination of raw meat and its environment in retail shops in karachi, pakistan. | this study was conducted to examine the frequency of contamination in retail meat available in karachi, pakistan. | 2010 | 20601790 |
| structural studies of mutant forms of the pqq-forming enzyme pqqc in the presence of product and substrate. | pyrroloquinoline quinone [4,5-dihydro-4,5-dioxo-1h-pyrrolo[2,3-f]quinoline-2,7,9-tricarboxylic acid (pqq)] is a bacterial cofactor in numerous alcohol dehydrogenases including methanol dehydrogenase and glucose dehydrogenase. its biosynthesis in klebsiella pneumoniae is facilitated by six genes, pqqabcdef and proceeds by an unknown pathway. pqqc is one of two metal free oxidases of known structure and catalyzes the last step of pqq biogenesis which involves a ring closure and an eight-electron o ... | 2010 | 20602352 |
| [community infections that require admission to the icu]. | the clinical and diagnostic characteristics and treatment of the most severe and frequent community-acquired infections in the intensive care units are analyzed. these are serious community-acquired pneumonias, meningitis, encephalitis and urinary tract infections. regarding the pneumonias, emphasis is placed on the use of the severity scales to evaluate admission in the critical units, on evolutive monitoring using biological markers and on the importance of initiating adequate early antibiotic ... | 2010 | 20605269 |
| structure of rv1848 (urea), the mycobacterium tuberculosis urease gamma subunit. | the crystal structure of the urease gamma subunit (urea) from mycobacterium tuberculosis, rv1848, has been determined at 1.8 a resolution. the asymmetric unit contains three copies of rv1848 arranged into a homotrimer that is similar to the urea trimer in the structure of urease from klebsiella aerogenes. small-angle x-ray scattering experiments indicate that the rv1848 protein also forms trimers in solution. the observed homotrimer and the organization of urease genes within the m. tuberculosis ... | 2010 | 20606272 |
| selective strategy for urethral catheterization in febrile young girls to confirm urinary tract infection diagnosis. | urinary tract infections (utis) are a common source of bacterial infections in childhood. making a proper diagnosis is important but requires invasive urine collection techniques. we aimed to derive a clinical decision rule to identify non-toilet-trained febrile girls at high risk for utis to restrict urethral catheterizations (ucs) to this high-risk group of patients. | 2010 | 20606484 |
| [clinical features of gas-forming liver abscesses: comparison between diabetic and nondiabetic patients]. | patients with diabetes mellitus (dm) are more likely to have a pyogenic liver abscess with gas formation, which is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. the morbidity and mortality in pyogenic liver abscess are also higher in dm patients than in non-dm patients. this study evaluated the morbidity, mortality, and clinical features in patients with gas-forming liver abscesses associated with dm. | 2010 | 20606497 |
| phytochemical and antimicrobial studies of four species of cola schott & endl. (sterculiaceae). | the in-vitro antimicrobial evaluation of ethanol extracts of four species of cola schott & endl. was done using human isolated strains of staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus albus, bacillus subtilis, klebsiella pneumonia, pseudomonas aeruginosa, candida albicans, aspergillus niger as test organisms. the assays were carried out by agar well diffusion, erythromycin and ketoconazole served as the control drugs. the leaf ethanol extracts of the plants were found to be more effective against the te ... | 2009 | 20606771 |
| synthesis and preliminary antibacterial evaluation of 2-butyl succinate-based hydroxamate derivatives containing isoxazole rings. | two series of novel 2-butyl succinate-based hydroxamate derivatives containing isoxazole rings were synthesized, characterized and evaluated for antibacterial activity. the synthesized compounds were found to exhibit weak to moderate inhibitory activity against staphytlococcus aureu and klebsiellar pneumonia in vitro. all the compounds synthesized were found to be more effective against klebsiellar pneumonia compared to staphytlococcus aureu. | 2010 | 20607487 |
| risk factors and etiology of neonatal sepsis in tikur anbessa university hospital, ethiopia. | neonatal sepsis is one of the most common reasons for admission to neonatal units in developing countries. it is also a major cause of mortality in both developed and developing countries. | 2010 | 20607993 |
| [first isolation of metallo-beta-lactamase producing klebsiella pneumoniae strain in poland]. | metallo-beta-lactamases (mbl) are the enzymes that are able to hydrolyse almost the full range of beta-lactame antibiotics--penicillins, cephalosporins and carbapenems. the latter are the drugs of choice for treatment of serious infections caused by enterobacteriaceae strains, which produce extended-spectrum-beta-lactamases. the presence of mbl-producing strains markedly decreases the therapeutic possibilities in severe, life-threatening infections. | 2010 | 20608212 |
| prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae and trends in antibiotic consumption in a county of sweden. | in the last decade extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing bacteria have become an increasing problem. our aims were to investigate the prevalence of esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae and trends in antibiotic use in the county of östergötland, sweden. from 2002 through 2007 there were 224 esbl-producing escherichia coli and 23 klebsiella pneumoniae isolates with an esbl-phenotype identified among all enterobacteriaceae isolated at the clinical laboratory. trends in antibiotic consumpti ... | 2010 | 20608768 |
| laboratory surveillance for prospective plasmid-mediated ampc beta-lactamases in the kinki region of japan. | extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, plasmid-mediated ampc beta-lactamases (pabls), and plasmid-mediated metallo-beta-lactamases confer resistance to many beta-lactams. in japan, although several reports exist on the prevalence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and metallo-beta-lactamases, the prevalence and characteristics of pabls remain unknown. to investigate the production of pabls, a total of 22,869 strains of 4 enterobacterial species, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella ... | 2010 | 20610688 |
| prevalence and characteristics of qnr determinants and aac(6')-ib-cr among ciprofloxacin-susceptible isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae in korea. | | 2010 | 20615929 |
| detailed structural and assembly model of the type ii secretion pilus from sparse data. | many gram-negative bacteria secrete specific proteins via the type ii secretion systems (t2ss). these complex machineries share with the related archaeal flagella and type iv pilus (t4p) biogenesis systems the ability to assemble thin, flexible filaments composed of small, initially inner membrane-localized proteins called "pilins." in the t2ss from klebsiella oxytoca, periplasmic pseudopili that are essential for pullulanase (pula) secretion extend beyond the bacterial surface and form pili whe ... | 2010 | 20616068 |
| bacteriological and clinical profile of community acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients. | the aim of our study was to obtain comprehensive insight into the bacteriological and clinical profile of community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization. the patient population consisted of 100 patients admitted with the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (cap), as defined by british thoracic society, from december 1998 to dec 2000, at the sher- i-kashmir institute of medical sciences soura, srinagar, india. gram negative organisms were the commonest cause (19/29), followed by gra ... | 2010 | 20616935 |
| cloning, expression in escherichia coli, and enzymatic properties of laccase from aeromonas hydrophila wl-11. | a strain wl-11 with high laccase activity was isolated from activated sludge collected from the effluent treatment plant of a textile and dyeing industry. it was identified as aeromonas hydrophila by physiological test and 16s rdna sequence analysis. a gene encoding of laccase from a newly isolated aeromonas hydrophila wl-11 was cloned and characterized. nucleotide sequence analysis showed an open reading frame of 1605 bp encoding a polypeptide comprised of 534 amino acids. the primary structure ... | 2010 | 20617743 |
| discovery of a klebsiella pneumoniae isolate with multiple quinolone-resistant mechanisms in china. | | 2010 | 20621391 |
| colonisation by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing klebsiella spp. in a paediatric intensive care unit. | a prospective cohort study was performed in order to study the incidence and risk factors for bacterial colonisation with extended-spectrum producing beta-lactamase (esbl) klebsiella spp. in children. the study took place in a paediatric intensive care unit (picu) in recife, brazil over a five-month period in 2008. rectal swabs were collected during the first 24h of admission and on the 2nd, 5th, 7th and 14th days of picu stay. esbl-producing strains of klebsiella spp. were detected by kirby-bau ... | 2010 | 20621392 |
| properties of the nac (nitrogen assimilation control protein)-binding site within the ured promoter of klebsiella pneumoniae. | the nitrogen assimilation control protein (nac) of klebsiella pneumoniae is a lysr-type transcriptional regulator that activates transcription when bound to a dna site (ataa-n5-tngtat) centered at a variety of distances from the start of transcription. the nac-binding site from the hutu promoter (nbshutu) is centered at -64 relative to the start of transcription but can activate the lacz promoter from sites at -64, -54, -52, and -42 but not from sites at -47 or -59. however, the nbss from the ur ... | 2010 | 20622063 |
| functional identification of the proteus mirabilis core lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis genes. | in this study, we report the identification of genes required for the biosynthesis of the core lipopolysaccharides (lpss) of two strains of proteus mirabilis. since p. mirabilis and klebsiella pneumoniae share a core lps carbohydrate backbone extending up to the second outer-core residue, the functions of the common p. mirabilis genes was elucidated by genetic complementation studies using well-defined mutants of k. pneumoniae. the functions of strain-specific outer-core genes were identified by ... | 2010 | 20622068 |
| glucosamine-functionalized silver glyconanoparticles: characterization and antibacterial activity. | we report the analytical and in vitro antibacterial activity of glucosamine-functionalized silver glyconanoparticles. morphological characterization ensured the surface topography and particle size distribution of both silver and glucosamine-silver nanoparticles. surface plasmon resonance of both types of nanoparticle was determined from uv-visible spectroscopy using four different sample concentrations (10-40 μl). the resulting functionalized glyconanoparticles show maximum absorbance with a re ... | 2010 | 20623220 |
| dha-1-producing klebsiella pneumoniae in a teaching hospital in the czech republic. | thirty-eight ampc-producing klebsiella pneumoniae isolates identified from january to october 2006 in a large teaching hospital in the czech republic were analyzed. the ampc cephalosporinase was identified as dha-1, encoded by a plasmid-located complex class 1 integron, previously observed in a k. pneumoniae isolate from the parisian region. the dha-1 expression was inducible, and although in two isolates with higher resistance, the induction effect was masked at the phenotypic level. all of the ... | 2010 | 20624093 |
| high prevalence of fecal carriage of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae in a pediatric unit in madagascar. | extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing enterobacteriaceae have spread worldwide but there are few reports on carriage in hospitals in low-income countries. esbl-producing enterobacteriaceae (esbl-pe) have been increasingly isolated from nosocomial infections in antananarivo, madagascar. | 2010 | 20624313 |
| structural characterization of iscr8, iscr22, and iscr23, subgroups of is91-like insertion elements. | analysis of iscr8 (ispps1) revealed that this group of insertion elements has to be subdivided into three subgroups: iscr8, iscr22, and iscr23. the distinction of three subgroups is supported by phylogenetic analysis of the transposase open reading frames (orfs). comparison of over 20 complete and partial iscr8/22/23 elements identified oriis candidate sequences for all groups and a teris candidate sequence for iscr8. the oriis sequences, their distance to the transposase orfs, and the sequence ... | 2010 | 20625149 |
| target lesions in the bladder from emphysematous cystitis. | | 2010 | 20631736 |
| elevated levels of anti-endotoxin antibodies in patients with bilateral idiopathic acute anterior uveitis. | endotoxins have been proved to be responsible for acute anterior uveitis (aau) in animals in a well-established experimental model of endotoxin-induced uveitis (eiu). the purpose of our study was the detection of antibodies against endotoxins of selected enterobacteria in the serum of patients with idiopathic aau and searching for correlations between the levels of these antibodies and the presence of hla-b27 antigen as well as characteristic signs of eiu such as bilaterality and the absence of ... | 2011 | 20632997 |
| spread of odontogenic infections in port harcourt, nigeria. | odontogenic infections constitute a substantial portion of diseases encountered by oral and maxillofacial surgeons. infections start from dental tissues and sometimes rapidly spread to contiguous spaces. the consequence is a fulminant disease with significant morbidity and mortality. the study was aimed at studying the pattern of spread, approach to management, and outcome of these infections at a nigerian teaching hospital. | 2010 | 20633973 |
| molecular characteristics of extended spectrum beta-lactamases in escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae and the prevalence of qnr in extended spectrum beta-lactamase isolates in a tertiary care hospital in korea. | extended spectrum beta-lactamases (esbls) are cephalosporinases that confer resistance to a wide variety of oxyimino cephalosporins and create serious therapeutic problems. in addition, the quinolone resistance qnr genes are becoming increasingly prevalent in clinical isolates, some of which also produce esbl. this study was designed to evaluate the occurrence and genotypic distribution of esbl producing escherichia coli (e. coli) and klebsiella pneumoniae (k. pneumoniae) as well as the prevalen ... | 2010 | 20635454 |
| assessment of prevalence and changing epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae fecal carriers using a chromogenic medium. | five hundred fecal samples from 462 patients (68.4% ambulatory) (february-april, 2007) from madrid (spain) were screened for extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl) producers using ceftazidime and cefotaxime (1 mg/l) macconkey (mac) agar plates and a chromogenic media (chromid esbl; biomérieux, marcy-l'etoile, france). bla(esbl), qnr, aac(6')ib-cr, and 16s rrna methylase genes were assessed. a prevalence of 8.2% of esbl fecal carriers was observed (8.9% hospitalized, 7.9% nonhospitalized patient ... | 2010 | 20638607 |
| the omptins of yersinia pestis and salmonella enterica cleave the reactive center loop of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1. | plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (pai-1) is a serine protease inhibitor (serpin) and a key molecule that regulates fibrinolysis by inactivating human plasminogen activators. here we show that two important human pathogens, the plague bacterium yersinia pestis and the enteropathogen salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, inactivate pai-1 by cleaving the r346-m347 bait peptide bond in the reactive center loop. no cleavage of pai-1 was detected with yersinia pseudotuberculosis, an oral/fecal pat ... | 2010 | 20639337 |
| high diversity of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing bacteria in an urban river sediment habitat. | antibiotic-resistant bacteria (arb) have been surveyed widely in water bodies, but few studies have determined the diversity of arb in sediment, which is the most taxon-abundant habitat in aquatic environments. we isolated 56 extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (esbl)-producing bacteria from a single sediment sample taken from an urban river in china. all strains were confirmed for esbl-producing capability by both the clavulanic acid combination disc method and mic determination. of the isolated s ... | 2010 | 20639374 |
| a single-center experience of antimicrobial resistance patterns in pediatric urinary tract infection. | to assess the prevalence of urinary tract pathogens and their resistance patterns against antimicrobial agents in a single center. patients and | 2010 | 20639658 |
| [outbreak of diarrhea by rotavirus in bom jesus city, piauí state]. | this study focused a diarrhea outbreak caused by rotavirus in a city of piauí state aiming to identify the etiology, protocol of assistance to cases. a case series was carried out with 22 children assisted for acute diarrhea in 2006 in health units of bom jesus city. the data were collected by means of interviews utilizing forms that were with the help of the children's parents and analysis of the appointment files was performed. most of the families (59.1%) had a monthly income inferior to the ... | 2010 | 20640260 |
| hospital acquired infections in a medical intensive care unit. | to determine the frequency of nosocomial infections and causative organisms in medical intensive care unit (icu) patients and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates. | 2010 | 20642968 |
| observation on integron carriage among clinical isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases. | klebsiella pneumoniae is considered an important pathogen causing nosocomial and community-acquired infections and is often associated with the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbl) belonging to shv and ctx-m families, which are frequently described as a part of complex integrons, facilitate their horizontal transfer to other related as well as unrelated microbes. the present study was undertaken to investigate the occurrence and characterization of integrons among k pneumoniae ... | 2010 | 20644307 |
| photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy by liposome-encapsulated water-soluble photosensitizers. | photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy is an alternative method for killing bacterial cells in view of the increasing problem of multi-antibiotic resistance. we examined the effect of three water-soluble photosensitizers (phs): methylene blue (mb), neutral red (nr) and rose bengal (rb) on gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. we compared the efficacy of phs in their free form and encapsulated in liposomal formulations against various bacterial strains, and determined conditions for the effe ... | 2010 | 20644595 |
| [synthesis, modifications, and antimicrobial activity of the methylpiperazinyl amides of triterpenic acids]. | n-methylpiperazinyl amides of betulinic, platanic, glycyrrhetic, oleanolic, ursolic, and moronic acids were synthesized and modified. betulin and betulonic acid showed antimicrobial activity against staphylococcus aureus at a concentration of 90 mg/ml, and betulin manifested a bacteriostatic effect against klebsiella pneumoniae at a concentration of 60 mg/ml. among the studied n-methylpiperazinyl amides, the highest activity against s. aureus was observed for a betulonic acid derivative. | 2010 | 20644598 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of bacteria isolated from inpatients and outpatients urine samples. | antibacterial resistance is generally regarded as a public health problem, not only in local terms, but also worldwide. the objective of this research work would be to analyze inpatient's and outpatient's antimicrobial resistance to a set of various agents. the patients have been medically treated in the region of ze-do canton since 2005 until today. total number of 164 patients was included in our research. regarding the place of medical treatment, our patients were divided into two groups: a t ... | 2010 | 20645510 |
| evaluation of the antibacterial activity of the methylene chloride extract of miconia ligustroides, isolated triterpene acids, and ursolic acid derivatives. | the methylene chloride extract of miconia ligustroides (dc.) naudin (melastomataceae), the isolated compounds ursolic and oleanolic acids and a mixture of these acids, and ursolic acid derivatives were evaluated against the following microorganisms: bacillus cereus (atcc 14579), vibrio cholerae (atcc 9458), salmonella choleraesuis (atcc 10708), klebsiella pneumoniae (atcc 10031), and streptococcus pneumoniae (atcc 6305). the microdilution method was used for determination of the minimum inhibito ... | 2010 | 20645834 |
| [investigation of distribution of bacteria and fungi in severe acute pancreatitis]. | to investigate the spectrum of bacteria and fungi in different sites in severe acute pancreatitis (sap). | 2010 | 20646657 |
| 1,3-propanediol production potential of clostridium saccharobutylicum nrrl b-643. | owing to the significant interest in biofuel production in the form of biodiesel, vast amount of glycerol as a waste product is produced all over the world. among the economically viable and ecologically acceptable solutions for the safe disposal of this waste, biotechnological conversion of glycerol into a valuable bioplastic raw material, namely 1,3-propanediol (1,3-pdo) seems to be very promising. in this study, 1,3-pdo production potential of clostridium saccharobutylicum nrrl b-643 was stud ... | 2010 | 20647065 |
| acute klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia alone and with concurrent infection: comparison of clinical and thin-section ct findings. | the purpose of this study was to identify the clinical and thin-section ct findings in patients with acute klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia (kpp) alone and with concurrent infection. we retrospectively identified 160 patients with acute kpp who underwent chest thin-section ct examinations between august 1998 and august 2008 at our institution. the study group comprised 80 patients (54 male, 26 female; age range 18-97 years, mean age 61.5) with acute kpp alone, 55 (43 male, 12 female; age range 46 ... | 2010 | 20647513 |
| klebsiella alba sp. nov., a novel pesticide-tolerant bacterium from a heavily polluted environment. | a novel gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped and pesticide (chlorpyrifos and atrazine) tolerant strain, designated cw-d 3(t), was isolated from a heavily polluted soil sample in jiangsu province, china. the strain could tolerate about 800 microg.ml(-1) atrazine or chlorpyrifos when added in tyb medium. a polyphasic taxonomy including phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis was performed on the new isolate. phylogenetic analysis and chemotaxonomic characteristics revealed that strain cw-d 3(t) belongs ... | 2010 | 20647681 |
| localized ecthyma gangrenosum in patients with diabetes mellitus: diagnosis and management. | | 2010 | 20649725 |
| concurrent amoebic and klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess in an immunocompetent patient: an unusual case report and review of the literature. | | 2010 | 20649739 |
| comparison of disk diffusion, etest and vitek2 for detection of carbapenemase-producing klebsiella pneumoniae with the eucast and clsi breakpoint systems. | the aim of this study was to compare clsi and eucast mic and disk diffusion carbapenem breakpoints for the detection of carbapenemase-producing klebsiella pneumoniae. k. pneumoniae strains with known kpc (n = 31) or vim (n = 20) carbapenemases were characterized by disk diffusion (oxoid) and etest (biomérieux) vs. imipenem, meropenem and ertapenem, and with vitek2 (biomérieux, five different cards). extended-spectrum β-lactamase (esbl) testing was performed with vitek2 (biomérieux), esbl combina ... | 2011 | 20649801 |
| host defence during klebsiella pneumonia relies on haematopoietic-expressed toll-like receptors 4 and 2. | in this study, the relative roles of toll-like receptor (tlr)2 and tlr4 were investigated independently and together. moreover, we studied the role of haematopoietic compartment in anti-klebsiella host defence. we infected tlr2 and tlr4 single-, and tlr2×4 double knockout (ko) animals with different doses of klebsiella pneumoniae. in addition, bone marrow chimeric mice were created and infected. tlr4 played a more prominent role in antibacterial defence than tlr2, considering that only tlr4 ko m ... | 2011 | 20650991 |
| molecular characterization of the phopq-pmrd-pmrab mediated pathway regulating polymyxin b resistance in klebsiella pneumoniae cg43. | the cationic peptide antibiotic polymyxin has recently been reevaluated in the treatment of severe infections caused by gram negative bacteria. | 2010 | 20653976 |
| comparison of maxillofacial space infection in diabetic and nondiabetic patients. | orofacial space infections are common presentations in maxillofacial clinics even in the post-antibiotic era. one of the main factors determining the spread of infection is the host defense mechanism. diabetes is one of the most common systemic illness suppressing the immunity of an individual and increasing their susceptibility to infections. this study was carried out to compare the spaces involved, the severity of infection, the virulent organism, the efficacy of empirical antibiotics, the le ... | 2010 | 20656528 |
| complete nucleotide sequence of the incn plasmid pkox105 encoding vim-1, qnrs1 and shv-12 proteins in enterobacteriaceae from bolzano, italy compared with incn plasmids encoding kpc enzymes in the usa. | we determined the complete nucleotide sequence of pkox105, a 54 641 bp plasmid from a klebsiella oxytoca strain that was isolated from a resident of a long-term-care facility in bolzano, italy. | 2010 | 20656680 |
| l-glutamine as a nitrogen source for corynebacterium glutamicum: derepression of the amtr regulon and implications for nitrogen sensing. | corynebacterium glutamicum, a gram-positive soil bacterium employed in the industrial production of various amino acids, is able to use a number of different nitrogen sources, such as ammonium, urea or creatinine. this study shows that l-glutamine serves as an excellent nitrogen source for c. glutamicum and allows similar growth rates in glucose minimal medium to those in ammonium. a transcriptome comparison revealed that the nitrogen starvation response was elicited when glutamine served as the ... | 2010 | 20656783 |
| distinct cell death programs in monocytes regulate innate responses following challenge with common causes of invasive bacterial disease. | peripheral blood monocytes represent the rapid response component of mononuclear phagocyte host defense, generating vigorous but finite antibacterial responses. we investigated the fate of highly purified primary human monocytes following phagocytosis of different bacteria. exposure to high bacterial loads resulted in rapid loss of cell viability and decreased functional competence. cell death typically involved classical apoptosis. exposure to high numbers of escherichia coli and klebsiella pne ... | 2010 | 20656927 |
| first detection of oxacillinase-mediated resistance to carbapenems in klebsiella pneumoniae from morocco. | the frequency of carbapenem resistance due to class-d beta-lactamases (i.e. oxacillinases) among the world's enterobacteriaceae is increasing. recently, in morocco, two isolates of carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae were recovered from the same patient, one harbouring plasmid-encoded bla-(oxa-48) and the other the bla-(oxa-1) gene. this represents the first evidence of bla(oxa-48)-mediated carbapenem-resistance in enterobacteriaceae in morocco. | 2010 | 20659393 |
| an ertapenem-resistant extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing klebsiella pneumoniae clone carries a novel ompk36 porin variant. | carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae caused an outbreak in a hospital in rome, italy. the clinical isolates were tested by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multilocus sequence typing, plasmid typing, and β-lactamase identification. the ompk35 and ompk36 porins were analyzed by sds-page, and their genes were amplified and sequenced. complementation experiments were performed using a recombinant unrelated ompk36 gene. an ertapenem-resistant and imipenem ... | 2010 | 20660683 |
| genetic factors associated with elevated carbapenem resistance in kpc-producing klebsiella pneumoniae. | in the united states, the most prevalent mechanism of carbapenem resistance among enterobacteriaceae is the production of a klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (kpc). kpc-producing isolates often exhibit a range of carbapenem mics. to better understand the factors that contribute to overall carbapenem resistance, we analyzed 27 kpc-producing k. pneumoniae isolates with different levels of carbapenem resistance, 11 with low-level (i.e., meropenem or imipenem mic ≤ 4 μg/ml), 2 with intermediate-le ... | 2010 | 20660684 |
| in vivo efficacy of simulated human dosing regimens of prolonged-infusion doripenem against carbapenemase- producing klebsiella pneumoniae. | carbapenemase-producing klebsiella pneumoniae (kpc) bacteria are rapidly becoming one of the most detrimental drug-resistant gram-negative pathogens. doripenem is the newest fda-approved carbapenem that has the greatest in vitro potency against a wide range of gram-negative organisms, including multidrug-resistant organisms. previous work in an animal model has shown efficacy against pseudomonas aeruginosa with mics above the current breakpoints of susceptibility. the purpose of this study is to ... | 2010 | 20660688 |
| sequence of pnl194, a 79.3-kilobase incn plasmid carrying the blavim-1 metallo-beta-lactamase gene in klebsiella pneumoniae. | the nucleotide sequence of pnl194, a vim-1-encoding plasmid, is described in this study. pnl194 (79,307 bp) comprised an incn-characteristic segment (38,940 bp) and a mosaic structure (40,367 bp) including bla(vim-1), aaca7, aada1, aada2, dfra1, dfra12, apha1, stra, strb, and sul1. tn1000 or tn5501 insertion within fipa probably facilitated recruitment of additional mobile elements carrying resistance genes. | 2010 | 20660690 |
| successful treatment of endogenous klebsiella pneumoniae endophthalmitis: a case report. | klebsiella pneumoniae endophthalmitis is rare and despite immediate management, visual outcome is generally poor. we report a case of endogenous k. pneumoniae endophthalmitis that was treated successfully. | 2011 | 20661624 |
| [increase of metallo-beta-lactamase producing bacteria positive cases including klebsiella pneumoniae in a japanese university hospital]. | the clinical characteristics of the metallo-beta-lactamase (mbl) producing bacteria were investigated in a japanese university hospital with 661 beds. in total, 34 cases (38 strains) were isolated from march 2006 to october 2007. no mbl-producing strain was detected until then. we screened for mbl using arakawa's method because it detects mbl-producing bacteria more sensitively than conventional methods. anti-biotic resistant genes were analyzed in 24 mbl producing bacteria positive cases detect ... | 2010 | 20662265 |
| [management of deep device related infection in patient implanted with mechanical cardiac support device using v.a.c. system]. | infection remains the most significant cause of morbidity and mortality in pacients implanted with mechanical circulatory support devices (mcsd), reaching prevalence of 40-60% according various authors. successful treatment of the whole spectrum of infectious complications is the basic determinant in archieving good results in mcsd patients. the treatment involves standard surgical procedures, as well as the use of vacuum assisted closure (v.a.c.) therapy in the last few years. we demonstrate su ... | 2009 | 20662430 |
| the extent of amotosalen photodegradation during photochemical treatment of platelet components correlates with the level of pathogen inactivation. | amotosalen plus ultraviolet a (uva) light inactivates a broad range of bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and leukocytes in platelet (plt) and plasma components. upon uva illumination a small fraction of amotosalen reacts with the nucleic acid of contaminating pathogens and residual white blood cells and the remaining fraction undergoes photodegradation into defined photoproducts. the levels of amotosalen and photoproducts can be accurately quantified. | 2011 | 20663111 |
| solution-state nmr spectroscopy of membrane proteins in detergent micelles: structure of the klebsiella pneumoniae outer membrane protein a, kpompa. | structure determination of integral membrane proteins is one of the most important challenges of structural biology. over the last 7 years, solution-state nmr spectroscopy has become an increasingly useful approach for 3d structure determination and dynamical analysis of membrane proteins solubilized in detergent micelles. we describe herein an ensemble of methods applied in this context, including isotopic labelling, in vitro refolding procedure, and state-of-the-art nmr experiments required fo ... | 2010 | 20665274 |
| synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of novel fluoroquinolone derivatives containing substituted piperidines. | we report herein the synthesis of novel 7-(4-alkoxyimino-3-aminomethyl-3-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives. the antibacterial activity of the newly synthesized compounds was evaluated and correlated with their physicochemical properties. results reveal that all of the target compounds have good potency in inhibiting the growth of staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis including mrse (mic: 0.125-4 microg/ml). compounds 12, 13 are more potent than or comparable to lev ... | 2010 | 20667731 |
| activity of a novel aminoglycoside, achn-490, against clinical isolates of escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae from new york city. | reports of enterobacteriaceae resistant to all commonly used antimicrobial agents, including β-lactams, fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides, are increasing in hospitals worldwide. the activity of achn-490, a next-generation aminoglycoside, was examined against clinical isolates of escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae from hospitals in new york city, an area where multidrug-resistant organisms are endemic. | 2010 | 20667885 |
| emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing escherichia coli and klebsiella pneumoniae during the years 2000 and 2004 in helsinki, finland. | the molecular epidemiology of 33 escherichia coli and 81 klebsiella pneumoniae extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing healthcare-associated and community-acquired isolates collected in the helsinki district during 2000-2004 was investigated. clonality studies, antimicrobial susceptibility and genotyping of the isolates were performed. newly emerging ctx-m-producing e. coli and bla(shv-12)-producing k. pneumoniae isolates were detected. clonal clusters of both species persisted throughout the ... | 2010 | 20670290 |
| multiclonal epidemic of klebsiella pneumoniae isolates producing dha-1 in a spanish hospital. | abstract between june 2007 and january 2008, 26 klebsiella pneumoniae strains carrying the bla(dha-1) gene on an incl/m plasmid were isolated from clinical samples at granollers hospital, barcelona, spain. three of the strains also carried a bla(ctx-m-15) gene. the 26 strains showed 11 pfge patterns. multilocus sequence typing (mlst) showed that pfge patterns a, b and c belonged to st17; d to st13; e to st427; f and g to st416; h to st37; i to st440; j to st326 and k to st428. results demonstrat ... | 2010 | 20673270 |
| production of biogenic amines "in vitro" in relation to the growth phase by enterobacteriaceae species isolated from traditional sausages. | histidine, lysine, ornithine and tyrosine decarboxylase activities were tested in 79 strains of enterobacteriaceae (41 of hafnia alvei, 17 of serratia liquefaciens, 5 of enterobacter cloacae, 4 of citrobacter braakii, 2 of proteus vulgaris, 2 of proteus mirabilis, 2 of providencia stuartii, 2 of klebsiella terrigena, 1 of rahnella aquatilis, 1 of salmonella arizonae, 1 of citrobacter youngae and 1 of escherichia coli) isolated from botillo, a spanish traditional sausage. in general, the strains ... | 2010 | 20673614 |
| susceptibility of klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates from 2007 to 2009 to colistin and comparator antibiotics. | | 2010 | 20674285 |
| the polypeptide core of microcin e492 stably associates with the mannose permease and interferes with mannose metabolism. | microcin e492 (mcce492) is an antibacterial protein whose activity on target cells requires manyz, the inner membrane component of the mannose permease. we show here that mcea, the polypeptide core of mcce492, stably associates with manyz both in the presence and in the absence of mceb, the mcce492 immunity protein. the two known physiological activities of the mannose permease were assayed in cells co-expressing mcea and mceb. under these conditions, growth on mannose as the sole carbon source ... | 2010 | 20674740 |
| a nac for regulating metabolism: the nitrogen assimilation control protein (nac) from klebsiella pneumoniae. | the nitrogen assimilation control protein (nac) is a lysr-type transcriptional regulator (lttr) that is made under conditions of nitrogen-limited growth. nac's synthesis is entirely dependent on phosphorylated ntrc from the two-component ntr system and requires the unusual sigma factor σ54 for transcription of the nac gene. nac activates the transcription of σ70-dependent genes whose products provide the cell with ammonia or glutamate. nac represses genes whose products use ammonia and also repr ... | 2010 | 20675498 |
| identification and characterization of a putative dihydroorotase, kpn01074, from klebsiella pneumoniae. | dihydroorotase (dho; ec 3.5.2.3) is an essential metalloenzyme in the biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. here, we identified and characterized dho from the pathogenic bacterium klebsiella pneumoniae (kp). the activity of kpdho toward l: -dihydroorotate was observed with k (m) = 0.04 mm and v (max) = 8.87 mumol/(mg min). supplementing the standard growth medium with co2+, mn2+, mg2+, or ni2+ increased enzyme activity. the catalytic activity of kpdho was inhibited with co2+, zn2+, mn2+, cd2+, ... | 2010 | 20676924 |