| molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence and expression in escherichia coli of the beta-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase gene from bacillus circulans strain no. 8. | the beta-cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (beta-cgtase) gene was isolated from a lambda-library prepared from bacillus circulans strain no. 8. it was subcloned into plasmid ptz and expressed by its endogenous regulatory sequences in escherichia coli jm 103. the structural gene was sequenced and showed an open reading frame for a polypeptide of 718 amino acid residues. the recombinant beta-cgtase had the same enzymatic properties as the extracellular cgtase (684 amino acid residues, corresponding ... | 1990 | 1368573 |
| thermostable s-alkylcysteine alpha, beta-lyase from a thermophile: purification and properties. | s-alkylcysteine alpha, beta-lyase was found in a thermophile, bacillus sp. 41a, which was newly isolated from soil, and purified to homogeneity from the cell extract. the enzyme has a molecular weight of about 76,000, and is composed of two subunits identical in molecular weight (39,000). the enzyme requires pyridoxal 5'-phosphate as a coenzyme, and catalyzes alpha, beta-elimination of s-methyl-l-cysteine and its analogs such as s-ethyl-l-cysteine, l-djenkolate, l-cystine, se-methyl-l-selenocyst ... | 1990 | 1368609 |
| new pyrrolobenzodiazepine antibiotics, rk-1441a and b. ii. isolation and structure. | antibacteriophage antibiotics, rk-1441a and b, related to neothramycin were isolated from the culture broth of streptomyces sp. and their structures were deduced from spectroscopic analyses. the structure of rk-1441a was 8,11-dihydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy-5-oxo-1h-pyrrolo[2,1-c:1,4]benzodiazepine. rk-1441b is a tautomeric mixture at c-3 of the structure, 3,8,11-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-5-oxo-1h-pyrrolo[2,1-c:1,4]benzodiazepine. | 1990 | 1368648 |
| cloning and expression of the sarcosine oxidase gene from bacillus sp. ns-129 in escherichia coli. | the gene coding for a thermostable sarcosine oxidase (ec 1.5.3.1) was isolated from bacillus sp. ns-129. the primary structure of sarcosine oxidase deduced from the nucleotide sequence was a protein composed of 387 amino acids with molecular weight 42,955. when the sarcosine oxidase was overproduced to about 35% of soluble protein in e. coli under the control of a lac promoter, the sarcosine oxidase activity of the crude extract was increased 3-fold by the addition of fad. this indicates that mo ... | 1991 | 1368683 |
| nucleotide sequence of celc307 encoding endoglucanase c307 of clostridium sp. strain f1. | the celc gene, encoding endoglucanase c, of clostridium thermocellum was recently sequenced while a promoter region was not identified. in this study, the nucleotide sequence of celc307 of clostridium sp. strain f1 was identified and compared with that of the c. thermocellum gene. the open reading frame was composed of 1029 nucleotides and the deduced amino acid sequence corresponded to a protein of a molecular weight of 40,905. we identified promoter sequences (tggaca and tataat) at a position ... | 1991 | 1368690 |
| purification and some properties of a thermostable metal proteinase produced by thermomicrobium sp. kn-22 strain. | an extreme thermophile that produces a heat-stable proteinase was isolated from hot-spring water and classified as thermomicrobium sp. kn-22 (growth temperature, 50-83 degrees c; and optimum growth temperature, 70 degrees c). the proteinase was purified from the culture broth of this strain by fractionation with ammonium sulfate, chromatography on columns of deae-cellulose and cm-sepharose cl-6b, and hplc on tskgel cm-5pw. the purified enzyme gave a single band on sds-polyacrylamide gel electrop ... | 1991 | 1368714 |
| purification and characterization of a novel lyase from cellulomonas sp. that degrades fusarium and gibberella acidic polysaccharides. | a cellulomonas sp. isolated from soil produced a novel lyase that degraded the acidic polysaccharide of fusarium sp. m7-1 with the formation of mannose and o-beta-d-mannopyranosyl-(1----2)-d-mannose. deae-toyopearl 650m column chromatography showed three lyase activity peaks (fractions i, ii, and iii). the major fraction was purified to homogeneity by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis, and its molecular weight was 74,000. the optimum ph was 6.5 to 8.0 and the stable ph range was 6.0 to ... | 1991 | 1368728 |
| purification and properties of a novel surface-active agent- and alkaline-resistant protease from bacillus sp. y. | in the course of a search for an alkaline stable protease for industrial use, an alkaline protease (protease bya) was isolated from an alkalophilic bacillus sp. y, and its properties were characterized. its optimum ph was ph 10.0-12.5, when casein was used as a substrate. in addition to the stability of protease bya at ph 6.5-13.0, it was also very stable towards various surface-active agents, such as sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium linear alkylbenzene sulfonate. protease bya was most active a ... | 1991 | 1368737 |
| cloning, nucleotide sequencing, and expression in escherichia coli of a lipase and its activator genes from pseudomonas sp. kwi-56. | a lipase gene (lip) and its activator gene (act) on a 2.9 kb bglii-ecori fragment from pseudomonas sp. kwi-56 were cloned in escherichia coli using puc19 as a vector plasmid. from the sequencing results, the open reading frames of the lip and the act were found to contain 1092 and 1032 nucleotides, respectively. the act existed downstream of the lip with the same orientation. when the lip was expressed in e. coli using the lac promoter on the puc plasmid vector, the lipase activity of e. coli ca ... | 1991 | 1368739 |
| fungistatic and fungicidal effects of the ionophores monensin and tetronasin on the rumen fungus neocallimastix sp. lm1. | the ionophore antibiotics monensin and tetronasin have been reported to inhibit anaerobic fungi in vitro, and are suitable for animal use. in this study, their effectiveness in removing the anaerobic fungus neocallimastix sp. lm1 from the rumen was investigated in vitro. both antibiotics were fungistatic: tetronasin at 0.5 microgram/ml and monensin at 1.0 microgram/ml; exposure for 24 h did not inhibit subsequent growth after removal of the ionophore. the ionophores were fungicidal at much highe ... | 1992 | 1368785 |
| multiple rpod-related genes of cyanobacteria. | genomes of many eubacterial strains have been shown to encode for multiple rpod-related genes. in this report, we describe the identification of the multiple rpod-related genes of cyanobacterial strains. dnas of three cyanobacterial strains, anabaena sp. pcc7120, synechococcus sp. pcc7942, and synechocystis sp. pcc6803, were examined by southern hybridization, using a synthetic probe designed for detecting rpod or rpod-related genes. four or five hybridization signals were found in each dna. fou ... | 1992 | 1368828 |
| conjugative gene transfer in marine cyanobacteria: synechococcus sp., synechocystis sp. and pseudanabaena sp. | versatility of gene transfer by transconjugation in marine cyanobacteria was demonstrated. in this study, seven different marine cyanobacteria were used as recipient cells. first, transconjugation was carried out using the mobilizable transposon (tn5) carrying plasmid psup1021. transconjugates were observed in all marine cyanobacteria tested. second, the broad-host-range vector pkt0230 (incq) was tested for transconjugation. pkt230 has been successfully transferred in a marine cyanobacterium syn ... | 1992 | 1368911 |
| purification and properties of mycodextranase from streptomyces sp. j-13-3. | an enzyme hydrolyzing nigeran (alternating alpha-1,3- and alpha-1,4-linked glucan) was purified from the culture filtrate of streptomyces sp. j-13-3, which lysed the cell wall of aspergillus niger, by percipitation with ammonium sulfate and column chromatographies on deae-sephadex a-50, cm-sephadex c-50, chromatofocusing, and sephadex g-100. the final preparation was homogenous in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (page). the molecular weight of the enzyme was 68,000 by sds-page and gel filtrat ... | 1992 | 1368944 |
| t1801 a, b, c, and d, new quinone and hydroquinone antibiotics produced by a strain of pseudomonas. | new antibiotics, t1801 a, b, c, and d, were isolated from the culture broth of pseudomonas sp. sc-1801. their structures were found by spectroscopic analyses to be tri- and tetra(methylthio) derivatives of hydroquinone (t1801 a and c) or p-benzoquinone (t1801 b and d). they are new quinone and hydroquinone antibiotics and are active against gram-positive bacteria, some fungi, and yeasts. | 1992 | 1368951 |
| molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression of the structural gene for alkaline serine protease from alkaliphilic bacillus sp. 221. | the gene encoding an alkaline serine protease from alkaliphilic bacillus sp. 221 was cloned in escherichia coli and expressed in bacillus subtilis. an open reading frame of 1,140 bases, identified as the protease gene was preceded by a putative shine-dalgarno sequence (aggagg) with a spacing of 7 bases. the deduced amino acid sequence had a pre-pro-peptide of 111 residues followed by the mature protease comprising 269 residues. the alkaline protease from alkaliphilic bacillus sp. 221 had higher ... | 1992 | 1368952 |
| toxicity of chlorobenzene on pseudomonas sp. strain rho1, a chlorobenzene-degrading strain. | pseudomonas sp. strain rho1 able to use chloro- and 1,4-dichlorobenzene as growth substrates was tested towards sensitivity against chlorobenzene. concentrations of chlorobenzene higher than 3.5 mm were found to be toxic to cells independent of pregrowth with chlorobenzene or nutrient broth. below this concentration, sensitivity towards chlorobenzene depended on the precultivation of the cells, i.e. type of growth substrate (chlorobenzene or nutrient broth) and the concentration of chlorobenzene ... | 1991 | 1368961 |
| trinitrotoluene (tnt) as a sole nitrogen source for a sulfate-reducing bacterium desulfovibrio sp. (b strain) isolated from an anaerobic digester. | a sulfate-reducing bacterium (srb), desulfovibrio sp. (b strain), isolated from a continuous anaerobic digester (boopathy and daniels, current microbiology, 23:327-332, 1991) was found to use 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (tnt) as sole nitrogen source. this bacterium also used nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium as nitrogen source. a long lag period was noticed when tnt or nitrite was used as nitrogen source. nitrate, nitrite and tnt also served as electron acceptor in the absence of sulfate for this bacteri ... | 1992 | 1368976 |
| molecular cloning, nucleotide sequence and expression of the structural gene for a thermostable alkaline protease from bacillus sp. no. ah-101. | alkaliphilic bacillus sp. no. ah-101 produces an extremely thermostable alkaline serine protease that has a high optimum ph (ph 12-13) and shows keratinolytic activity. the gene encoding this protease was cloned in escherichia coli and expressed in b. subtilis. the cloned protease was identical to the ah-101 protease in its optimum ph and thermostability at high alkaline ph. an open reading frame of 1083 bases, identified as the protease gene, was preceded by a putative shine-dalgarno sequence ( ... | 1992 | 1369007 |
| improved processes for the production and isolation of dynemicin a and large-scale fermentation in a 10,000-liter fermentor. | supplementing the culture of micromonospora chersina sp. nov. no. m956-1 with nai (0.5 mg/l) enhanced the production of dynemicin a by 35-fold in shake flask culture. homogeneous dynemicin a was obtained from the whole broth extract by dicalite chromatography, sephadex lh-20 chromatography and vacuum liquid chromatography. gram quantities of dynemicin a were obtained from the fermentation of m. chersina sp. nov. no. m956-1 in a 10,000-liter fermentor. | 1992 | 1369016 |
| isolation, purification, and characterization of a new enzyme from pseudomonas sp. m-27, carboxypeptidase g3. | a new type of carboxypeptidase was found in a strain of pseudomonas sp. m-27 isolated from soil. the cell-free extract, solubilized by colistin sulfate, was purified to homogeneity. this enzyme had a single peak with a molecular weight of 60,000 on a calibrated superdex column and consisted of four subunits of identical molecular weights (m(r): 15,000). the enzyme hydrolyzed predominantly acidic peptides and n-acyl amino acids with glu or asp in the c-termini. this enzyme was not strongly affect ... | 1992 | 1369053 |
| continuous chitosan hydrolyzate production by immobilized chitosanolytic enzyme from enterobacter sp. g-1. | chitosanolytic enzymes from enterobacter sp. g-1 were immobilized on various carriers to continuously hydrolyze chitosan. four different carriers were tested: fe-3901 (strong basic anion exchange resin, ionic binding), glutaraldehyde-treated fe-4612 (weak basic anion exchange resin, cross-linking), chitopearl (chitosan beads), and alginate calcium. glutaraldehyde-treated fe-4612 and chitopearl immobilized more protein than the others. the enzyme immobilized on fe-3901 had the greatest activity. ... | 1992 | 1369055 |
| preferential suppression of delayed-type hypersensitivity by l-156,602, a c5a receptor antagonist. | in the course of our screening for in vivo immunomodulating substances in which sheep red blood cells (srbc) and heat-killed brucella abortus cells (thymus dependent and independent antigens, respectively) for antibody production assays, and trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (tnbs) for delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) assay were adopted as antigens, we detected a dth-specific suppressive activity. the producing organism was isolated from a soil sample collected in ushiku city, ibaraki, japan and ... | 1992 | 1369067 |
| purification and some properties of a haim-sensitive alpha-amylase from newly isolated bacillus sp. no. 195. | newly isolated bacillus sp. no. 195 produced an extracellular alpha-amylase sensitive to haim which was found to inhibit specifically animal alpha-amylases. the enzyme was purified easily by two steps of starch adsorption and gel filtration using sephacryl s-200. the purified enzyme, which showed a single band on native-page or sds-page, had a molecular weight of 60,000 as judged on sds-page. the optimum ph value for activity and the isoelectric point were around 7.0 and 4.5, respectively. the s ... | 1992 | 1369074 |
| purification and characterization of nitrilase responsible for the enantioselective hydrolysis from acinetobacter sp. ak 226. | a nitrilase was purified, apparently to homogeneity, from a cell extract of acinetobacter sp. ak 226, which converts racemic 2-(4'-isobutylphenyl)propionitrile (ibu-cn) to s-(+)-2-(4'-isobutyl-phenyl)propionic acid (s-(+)-ibuprofen). the molecular weight of the native enzyme was estimated as 580,000 upon gel filtration. the nitrilase hydrolyzed many kinds of nitrile compounds such as aliphatic, aromatic, and heterocyclic mononitriles or dinitriles. the amino-terminal amino acids were sequenced a ... | 1991 | 1369128 |
| haf, hepatoma aggregation factor produced by streptomyces sp. strain no. a-6143. | we searched for a new cell aggregation factor for hepatoma ah109a cells, and found one we called haf in the culture filtrate of streptomyces sp. strain no. a-6143 isolated from a soil sample. haf was purified by salting-out with ammonium sulfate. deae-cellulose column chromatography, gel filtration on sephadex g-100, and hydroxylapatite column chromatography, haf was glycoprotein which had a molecular weight of about 73,000. haf was stable from ph 6 to 8 at 37 degrees c and up to 40 degrees c at ... | 1990 | 1369299 |
| new pyrrolobenzodiazepine antibiotics, rk-1441a and b. i. biological properties. | streptomyces griseus and bacteriophage b were used for an assay system detecting anti-bacteriophage antibiotics. streptomyces sp. rk-1441 was found to produce antibacteriophage antibiotics, rk-1441a and b, which are pyrrolo[1,4]benzodiazepine group antibiotics related to neothramycin. both rk-1441a and b had antibacteriophage activity. the former showed antimicrobial activity on a hypersensitive strain of e. coli for antitumor antibiotics, but the later did not show the activity. restriction enz ... | 1990 | 1369312 |
| isolation of mutants with improved production of camp from microbacterium sp. no. 205 (atcc 21376). | mutants were isolated from microbacterium sp. no. 205 (atcc 21376) producing 13-30 mm cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (camp) by salvage biosynthesis, through sequential improvements of the bacterium for the purpose of improving camp production. the mutants produced 50-75 mm camp on 100 mm inosine 5'-monophosphate as a precursor. mutants resistant to the inhibition of growth by camp at high concentrations were isolated; the resistance was one of four characteristics effective for improved pr ... | 1990 | 1369318 |
| primary structure of a nuclease (nuclease pa3) from a penicillium sp. | the complete primary structure of a nuclease from a penicillium sp. [nuclease pa3 (kazama et al., chem. pharm. bull., 38, 3081 (1990)] was determined. the sequencing was done by analysis of the peptides generated by digestion of reduced and carboxymethylated nuclease pa3 (rcm nuclease pa3) with lysylendopeptidase, and by digestion with staphylococcal v8 protease or chemical cleavage with brcn. it consisted of 270 amino acid residues and carbohydrate moieties attached to the 92nd, 138th, 184th, a ... | 1991 | 1369324 |
| purification and characterization of benzoyl-coa ligase from a syntrophic, benzoate-degrading, anaerobic mixed culture. | the benzoyl-coa ligase from an anaerobic syntrophic culture was purified to homogeneity. it had a molecular mass of around 420 kda and consisted of seven or eight subunits of 58 kda. the temperature optimum was 37-40 degrees c, the optimum ph around 8.0 and optimal activity required 50-100 mm tris-hcl buffer, ph 8.0 and 3-7 mm mgcl2; mgcl2 in excess of 10 mm was inhibitory. the activation energy for benzoate was 11.3 kcal/mol. although growth occurred only with benzoate as a carbon source, the b ... | 1992 | 1369492 |
| induction and efficient purification of endo-alpha-n-acetylgalactosaminidase from alcaligenes sp. | | 1990 | 1369985 |
| characterization of an alkaline protease from bacillus sp. no. ah-101. | the bacillus sp. no. ah-101 alkaline protease showed higher hydrolysing activity against insoluble fibrous natural proteins such as elastin and keratin in comparison with subtilisins and proteinase k. the optimum ph of the enzyme toward elastin and keratin was ph 10.5 and ph 11.0-12.0 respectively. the specific activity toward elastin and keratin was 10,600 units/mg protein and 3970 units/mg protein, respectively. the enzymatic activity was not inhibited by p-chloromercuribenzoic acid and iodoac ... | 1990 | 1370008 |
| potent and specific inhibitors of protein kinase c of microbial origin. | potent and specific inhibitors of protein kinase c have been found in streptomyces and fungi: staurosporine, an alkaloid from streptomyces sp., is the most potent inhibitor of protein kinases with an ic50 in the nanomolar range. ucn-01 (7-hydroxy staurosporine), isolated from streptomyces sp., is a selective inhibitor of protein kinase c with antitumor activity. calphostin, isolated from the fungus cladosporium cladosporioides, specifically inhibits protein kinase c (ic50 = 0.05 microm) without ... | 1990 | 1370017 |
| enterococcus dispar sp. nov. a new enterococcus species from human sources. | the partial 16s rrna sequences of two unknown human enterococcal isolates were determined by reverse transcription in an attempt to clarify their taxonomic position. the sequence data indicate that they belong to a hitherto unknown species of enterococcus, for which the name enterococcus dispar sp. nov. is proposed. the type strain is ncimb 13000. | 1991 | 1370024 |
| characterization of an 18,000-molecular-weight outer membrane protein of haemophilus ducreyi that contains a conserved surface-exposed epitope. | identification of antigenically conserved surface components of haemophilus ducreyi may facilitate the development of reagents to diagnose and prevent chancroid. a hybridoma derived from a mouse immunized with nontypeable haemophilus influenzae produced a monoclonal antibody (mab), designated 3b9, that bound to 35 of 35 h. ducreyi strains isolated from diverse geographic regions. the mab 3b9 bound to a non-heat-modifiable h. ducreyi outer membrane protein (omp) whose apparent molecular weight wa ... | 1992 | 1370430 |
| primary structure of rat pulmonary surfactant protein d. cdna and deduced amino acid sequence. | surfactant protein d (sp-d) is a carbohydrate-binding glycoprotein containing a collagen-like domain that is synthesized by alveolar type ii epithelial cells. the complete primary structure of rat sp-d has been determined by sequencing of a cloned cdna. the protein consists of three regions: an nh2-terminal segment of 25 amino acids, a collagen-like domain consisting of 59 gly-x-y repeats, and a cooh-terminal carbohydrate recognition domain of 153 amino acids. there are 6 cysteine residues prese ... | 1992 | 1370483 |
| three distinct rnas for the surface protease gp63 are differentially expressed during development of leishmania donovani chagasi promastigotes to an infectious form. | leishmania sp. protozoa contain an abundant surface protease (gp63) that is important for the virulence of the parasite. we found that the average amount of gp63 expressed by leishmania donovani chagasi promastigotes increases 6-11-fold as they develop from a less infectious form in logarithmic phase to a highly infectious form during stationary phase of cultivation in vitro. the predominant gp63 rna switches from a 2.7 to a 3.0 kilobase (kb) rna during the transition from log to stationary phas ... | 1992 | 1370484 |
| generation of a subtype-specific neutralization epitope in foot-and-mouth disease virus of a different subtype. | an epitope involved in neutralization of foot-and-mouth disease virus (fmdv) of subtype c3 was generated by a single amino acid replacement in vp1 of fmdv of subtype c1. the replacement [ser (139)----ile, in the immunodominant site a] was consistently found in those fmdv c1 santa pau-sp/70 mutants resistant to neutralization by monoclonal antibody (mab) sd6 (specific for most c1 viruses) that acquired the capacity to be neutralized by mab 7ab5 (specific for c3 viruses). | 1992 | 1370534 |
| capsaicin desensitization inhibits cigarette smoke-induced increase in cytoplasmic motility of alveolar macrophages in guinea pigs. | to study effects of cigarette smoke on the cytoplasmic motility (cm) of alveolar macrophages (am), we measured remanent field strength (rfs) in guinea pigs with and without systemic capsaicin pretreatment in vivo. four days after instillation of 3 mg/kg ferrimagnetic particles (fe3o4) into the trachea, rfs was measured at the body surface immediately after magnetization of the fe3o4 particles by an externally applied magnetic field. rfs decreased with time because of particle rotation (relaxatio ... | 1992 | 1370598 |
| radioiodinated substance p, neurokinin a, and eledoisin bind predominantly in nk1 receptors in guinea pig lung. | in homogenates of guinea pig lung, binding of 125i-bolton-hunter-labeled substance p (bhsp), bolton-hunter-labeled eledoisin (bhele), and [125i]iodohistidyl neurokinin a (inka) was investigated. equilibrium dissociation constants (derived from "cold" saturation experiments) for bhsp, inka, and bhele were 0.96 +/- 0.15, 1.61 +/- 0.26, and 1.98 +/- 0.12 nm, respectively. specific binding of all three radioligands was increased 2-3-fold by 10 microm phosphoramidon. the rank order of potency of unla ... | 1992 | 1370705 |
| immunohistochemical study of intralaryngeal ganglia in the cat. | to study the mechanism of autonomic regulation in the larynx, intralaryngeal local ganglia of the cat were investigated using immunohistochemical techniques. small intralaryngeal ganglia were found in the peripheral portions of internal branches of the superior laryngeal nerve. ninety-one percent of the ganglionic neurons were immunoreactive (ir) to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip), and 10% of the vip-ir cells were also immunoreactive to enkephalin (enk) and/or substance p (sp). the immun ... | 1992 | 1370865 |
| effect of spinal microinjections of an antagonist to substance p or somatostatin on the exercise pressor reflex. | the purpose of this study was to determine the heart rate and arterial blood pressure changes to isometric skeletal muscle contraction and muscle stretch before and after microinjecting an antagonist to substance p (sp) or somatostatin (som) into the l-7 dorsal horn region of the spinal cord of anesthetized cats. anesthesia was induced by administering an anesthetic gas mixture and was subsequently maintained with alpha-chloralose. triceps surae contraction was induced by electrically stimulatin ... | 1992 | 1370923 |
| positively reinforcing effects of the neurokinin substance p in the basal forebrain: mediation by its c-terminal sequence. | the conditioned corral preference paradigm was used to assess reinforcing effects of substance p (sp) and its n- and c-terminal fragments injected unilaterally into the region of the nucleus basalis magnocellularis (nbm) in rats. behavioral testing was carried out in a circular open field, consisting of 4 quadrants equally preferred by the animals prior to conditioning. a single conditioning trial was performed. rats received one microinjection (0.5 microliter) of sp (0.74 pmol), of the n-termin ... | 1992 | 1370940 |
| piscirickettsia salmonis gen. nov., sp. nov., the causative agent of an epizootic disease in salmonid fishes. | a novel intracellular pathogen morphologically similar to the ehrlichiae has been isolated in cell culture and identified as the cause of an epizootic disease of salmonid fish. like the ehrlichiae, the salmonid pathogen, designated strain lf-89, replicates within membrane-bound cytoplasmic vacuoles in host cells. this agent is the first with characteristics of this type to be isolated from a fish. analysis of the lf-89 16s rrna indicated that, unlike the ehrlichiae, lf-89 is a gamma proteobacter ... | 1992 | 1371057 |
| marine star-shaped-aggregate-forming bacteria: agrobacterium atlanticum sp. nov.; agrobacterium meteori sp. nov.; agrobacterium ferrugineum sp. nov., nom. rev.; agrobacterium gelatinovorum sp. nov., nom. rev.; and agrobacterium stellulatum sp. nov., nom. rev. | two new species of aerobic, gram-negative, peritrichously flagellated or nonmotile marine bacteria usually forming star-shaped aggregates were isolated from northeastern atlantic ocean bottom sediments. these organisms resembled eight star-shaped-aggregate-forming bacterial species from the baltic sea originally ascribed to the genus agrobacterium but not included on the approved lists of bacterial names because of their questionable relationships to true agrobacteria. these two sets of star-sha ... | 1992 | 1371058 |
| phylogenetic analysis of alloiococcus otitis gen. nov., sp. nov., an organism from human middle ear fluid. | the partial 16s rrna sequence of an unknown bacterium that was originally isolated from middle ear fluids of children with persistent otitis media was determined by reverse transcription. a comparison of this sequence with sequences from other gram-positive species having low guanine-plus-cytosine contents revealed that this bacterium represents a new line of descent, for which the name alloiococcus otitis gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed. the type strain is strain ncfb 2890. | 1992 | 1371065 |
| phylogeny of fast-growing soybean-nodulating rhizobia support synonymy of sinorhizobium and rhizobium and assignment to rhizobium fredii. | we determined the sequences for a 260-base segment amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (corresponding to positions 44 to 337 in the escherichia coli 16s rrna sequence) from seven strains of fast-growing soybean-nodulating rhizobia (including the type strains of rhizobium fredii chemovar fredii, rhizobium fredii chemovar siensis, sinorhizobium fredii, and sinorhizobium xinjiangensis) and broad-host-range rhizobium sp. strain ngr 234. these sequences were compared with the corresponding pre ... | 1992 | 1371066 |
| characterization of substance p-like immunoreactivity and tachykinin-encoding mrnas in rat medullary thyroid carcinoma cell lines. | rat thyroid tissue and three rat medullary thyroid carcinoma cell lines, 6-23, we4/2, and ca77, have been examined for substance p (sp) and sp-like peptide expression. analysis by combined hplc and radioimmunoassay revealed the presence of sp in thyroid and 6-23 cell extracts. the presence of sp-encoding mrnas was also detected in 6-23 cells by solution hybridization-nuclease protection analysis. sp-encoding mrna expression was increased (fourfold) by maintaining the 6-23 cells in low serum (2%) ... | 1992 | 1371148 |
| hydrolysis of substance p in the rabbit retina: i. involvement of acetylcholine and acetylcholinesterase. an in vivo study. | the laminar patterns of acetylcholinesterase (ache) activity and substance p (sp) immunoreactivity within the inner plexiform layer (ipl) of the rabbit retina show striking similarities. discrete bands of sp-immunoreactivity were seen at 1-7%, 40-48% and 85-95% depth of ipl. ache activity was present throughout the entire thickness of the ipl with moderately stained bands in each sublamina (3-24% in sublamina a and 62-89% in sublamina b depth ipl). these bands were bordered on both sides by band ... | 1992 | 1371182 |
| hydrolysis of substance p in the rabbit retina: ii. the role of a membrane-associated acetylcholine-sensitive metalloendopeptidase. an in vitro study. | studies in the rabbit retina have shown that infusion of exogenous acetylcholine (ach) into the vitreal chamber leads to an increase in the amount of substance p (sp) immunoreactivity (goebel and pourcho, submitted). this increase was determined to be independent of new peptide synthesis, suggesting that the elevated level of sp is the result of ach inhibition of an sp-degrading protease. this phenomenon has now been confirmed in vitro in both tissue slice and retinal homogenate assays. these st ... | 1992 | 1371183 |
| herpes simplex viral infection of the mouse trigeminal ganglion. immunohistochemical analysis of cell populations. | several distinct populations of sensory neurons in the ophthalmic region of the mouse trigeminal ganglion have been identified by their reactivity to antibodies raised against substance p (sp), calcitonin gene-related peptide (cgrp), cell-surface glycoconjugates ssea3 and ld2, and the plant lectin, bandeiraea simplicifolia lectin 1, isolectin 4 (bsil4). thirty-six percent of the neurons in the ophthalmic portion of the mouse trigeminal ganglion express cgrp and 17%, sp. all neurons that express ... | 1992 | 1371269 |
| effects of capsaicin, bradykinin and prostaglandin e2 in the human skin. | the actions and interactions of putative mediators of inflammation, such as substance p (sp), histamine, bradykinin and prostaglandins (pge2) were studied in human skin. in addition, the effects of capsaicin were examined as it is known to release (and to deplete) sp and calcitonin gene-related peptide from c-fibres. the flare evoked by bradykinin was abolished by pretreatment with lignocaine (local anesthetic), compound 48/80 (mast-cell histamine liberator), mepyramine (h1-receptor antagonist) ... | 1992 | 1371395 |
| dehydrochlorination of delta-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane by a soil bacterium, pseudomonas sp. | | 1992 | 1371422 |
| effects of tachykinins on luteinizing hormone release in female rats: potent inhibitory action of neuropeptide k. | tachykinins, a family of biologically active related peptides, are found in variable amounts in the rat hypothalamus. we assessed the effects of five tachykinins, substance p (sp), neurokinin a (nka), neuropeptide k (npk), neuropeptide gamma (np gamma), and neurokinin b (nkb), on lh release in different experimental model systems in ovariectomized rats. in the first series of experiments rats were ovariectomized and implanted with permanent cannulae in the third cerebroventricle of the rat brain ... | 1992 | 1371455 |
| characterization of a novel rochalimaea species, r. henselae sp. nov., isolated from blood of a febrile, human immunodeficiency virus-positive patient. | isolation of a rochalimaea-like organism from a febrile patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus was confirmed. analysis of 16s rrna gene sequences, together with polymerase chain reaction and restriction endonuclease length polymorphism analysis of a portion of the citrate synthase gene, demonstrated that the agent is closely related to members of the genus rochalimaea and that the isolate is genotypically identical to the presumptive etiologic agent of bacillary angiomatosis. however ... | 1992 | 1371515 |
| me491 melanoma-associated glycoprotein family: antigenic identity of me491, nki/c-3, neuroglandular antigen (nga), and cd63 proteins. | numerous monoclonal antibodies (mabs) have been produced to antigens found in human melanomas. three of the best characterized melanoma antigens include the melanoma-associated glycoproteins (mags) defined by two reagent families--the me491 family (including me491, 8-1h, and 8-2a) and the nki/c-3 family (including nki/c-3 and nki/black-13)--as well as the neuroglandular antigen (nga) defined by mabs ls59, ls62, and ls140. these three antigens have significant similarities in tissue distribution, ... | 1992 | 1371549 |
| the substance p fragment sp(1-7) stimulates motor behavior and nigral dopamine release. | earlier studies have shown that the undecapeptide substance p (sp) alters motor behavior and dopamine metabolism following injection into the substantia nigra (sn) in rat, even though the sn appears largely devoid of sp-specific (nk-1) receptors. in this report, intra-nigral injections of the amino-terminal sp fragment sp(1-7) enhanced rearing, sniffing and locomotor activity, and increased the nigral dopac-to-da ratio. in addition, sp(1-7) increased 3h-da release from the sn in vitro. these fin ... | 1992 | 1371611 |
| cooperative effects of bombesin, substance p and methacholine on the release of intestinal neurotensin in rats. | the secretion of ileal neurotensin (nt) results from events occurring at the apical and basal side of the n-cells. the hypothesis of a functional relationship between cholinergic and peptidergic neurones with the n-cell was investigated in the present study utilizing the isolated vascularly perfused rat ileum. intraarterial methacholine (mc, 10(-4) m) evoked a prompt and well sustained release of nt in the portal effluent (plateau value at 500% of basal). this effect was dose-dependent over the ... | 1992 | 1371613 |
| postnatal changes in the substance p receptor on rabbit gastric smooth muscle. | we used radioligand binding to tissue homogenates and isometric contraction of muscle strips to characterize the substance p (sp) receptor on gastric smooth muscle from 1- (newborn) and 7-day-old and 4- and 11-wk-old (weanling) rabbits. scatchard analysis for newborns was curvilinear, suggesting the presence of multiple binding sites. in newborns the dissociation constant (kd) of high-affinity binding site was 2.2 +/- 0.3 nm, and the maximum binding (bmax) was 0.57 +/- 0.06 pmol/mg dna. the numb ... | 1992 | 1371647 |
| survival, stress resistance, and alterations in protein expression in the marine vibrio sp. strain s14 during starvation for different individual nutrients. | the response of the marine vibrio sp. strain s14 to starvation for carbon, nitrogen, or phosphorus and to simultaneous depletion of all these nutrients (multiple-nutrient starvation) was examined with respect to survival, stress resistance, quantitative and qualitative alterations in protein and rna synthesis, and the induction of the stringent control. of the conditions tested, carbon starvation and multiple-nutrient starvation both promoted long-term starvation resistance and a rapid induction ... | 1992 | 1371661 |
| cortisol secretion induced by substance p from bovine adrenocortical cells and its inhibition by calmodulin inhibitors. | when primary cultured bovine adrenocortical cells were treated with substance p (sp) at concentrations higher than 10 pm, cortisol output increased in a dose-dependent fashion. although other neurokinins, such as neurokinin a (nka) and neurokinin b (nkb), were also effective in secreting cortisol, sp was the most potent among the tested neurokinins, the potency order being sp greater than nka much greater than nkb. this suggests that the nk-1 type receptor on adrenocortical cells may be the site ... | 1992 | 1371683 |
| preserved endothelium-dependent vasodilation at the vasospastic site in patients with variant angina. | endothelial dysfunction has been implicated as a cause of coronary vasospasm in patients with variant angina. this study aimed to determine if endothelium-dependent vasodilation evoked with substance p (sp) was altered at the spastic site where vasospasm was induced by acetylcholine (ach) in patients with variant angina. it has been shown that sp evokes endothelium-dependent vasodilation with no direct effect on vascular smooth muscle in excised human coronary arteries. sp and ach were infused i ... | 1992 | 1371774 |
| inhibition of development of kaposi's sarcoma-related lesions by a bacterial cell wall complex. | in vitro and in vivo model systems for the study of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated kaposi's sarcoma (ks) were used to evaluate compounds for their potential as therapeutic agents. a sulfated polysaccharide-peptidoglycan compound (sp-pg) produced by bacteria controlled the in vitro growth of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids)-associated, ks-derived spindle-shaped cells (aids-ks cells) at noncytotoxic concentrations. angiogenesis induced by aids-ks cells in the chicken chorio ... | 1992 | 1371891 |
| dipeptidyl(amino)peptidase iv and aminopeptidase m metabolize circulating substance p in vivo. | recent studies have demonstrated that fischer-344 rats from japanese charles river inc. specifically lack dipeptidyl(amino)peptidase iv (dap iv-negative; ec 3.4.14.5), whereas fischer-344 rats from sources within the united states (dap iv-positive) possess normal dap iv activity. in the present study, plasma from dap iv-positive rats metabolized substance p (sp) (5.37 +/- 0.25 nmol/min/ml) via the actions of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ec 3.4.15.1) (1.86 +/- 0.50 nmol/min/ml) and dap iv (2.56 ... | 1992 | 1372050 |
| analysis of a ribosomal rna operon in the actinomycete frankia. | the organisation of ribosomal rna-encoding (rrn) genes has been studied in frankia sp. strain ors020606. the two rrn clusters present in frankia strain ors020606 were isolated from genomic banks in phage lambda embl3 by hybridization with oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes. the 5'-3' gene order is the usual one for bacteria: 16s-23s-5s. the two clusters are not distinguishable by restriction enzyme mapping inside the coding section, but vary considerably outside it. sequencing showed that the 16s-r ... | 1992 | 1372279 |
| cleavage of human immunoglobulins by serine proteinase from staphylococcus aureus. | the serine proteinase (sp) released into the environment by most strains of s. aureus cleaves human igg, igm and iga of both subclasses--iga 1 and iga 2. sp cleaves h chains of all immunoglobulin classes and the sc of s-iga, the l chains are degraded partially. the sp-induced cleavage results in a large spectrum of fragments under reducing conditions within a broad range of mr (approx. 41,000 to less than 12,400). this indicates that the enzyme does not affect the ig molecule in the hinge region ... | 1992 | 1372285 |
| microbial transformation of immunosuppressive compounds. i. desmethylation of fk506 and immunomycin (fr 900520) by actinoplanes sp. atcc 53771. | the immunosuppressants fk506 and fr 900520 were desmethylated by actinoplanes sp. atcc 53771 to yield various o-desmethylated products. the products were isolated and purified by solvent extraction and hplc chromatography, and identified by nmr and ms spectroscopy. | 1992 | 1372307 |
| substance p is diminished and vasoactive intestinal peptide is augmented in psoriatic lesions and these peptides exert disparate effects on the proliferation of cultured human keratinocytes. | an involvement of neurogenic components in the pathogenesis of psoriatic lesions has been suggested and neuropeptides are thought to play a modulatory role in cutaneous inflammation. in this study, we evaluated the immunoreactivity of the neuropeptides vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip) and substance p (sp) in the skin of patients with chronic plaque psoriasis, by immunohistochemistry and radioimmunoassay. no differences were observed, by immunohistochemistry, in the expression and localiza ... | 1992 | 1372339 |
| chromatographic evidence for the presence of multiple tachykinins in the bovine adrenal medulla. | among the mammalian tachykinins, substance p (sp) has been shown to be the most potent at modulating the response due to nicotinic acetylcholine receptor stimulation of bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. sp-like immunoreactivity has been detected in nerve terminals innervating the adrenal medulla; however, little is known of the presence of other tachykinins in this tissue. in this study, reverse-phase hplc was used to fractionate peptides in bovine adrenal medullary extracts, and the fractions we ... | 1992 | 1372347 |
| adenosine a1 receptors mediate inhibition of tachykinin release from perifused enteric nerve endings. | a perifused preparation of guinea pig myenteric nerve varicosities (synaptosomes) was used to determine the characteristics of evoked tachykinin release and the inhibition of such release by adenosine analogues. release of substance p-like immunoreactivity (sp-li) and neurokinin a-like immunoreactivity (nka-li) was evoked by elevated extracellular [k+] in a reversible and repeatable manner. this release was completely abolished in the absence of extracellular ca2+. perifusion in the presence of ... | 1992 | 1372485 |
| characterization of a second human pulmonary surfactant-associated protein sp-a gene. | pulmonary surfactant is a lipid-protein complex involved in maintaining alveolar stability. sp-a is the major surfactant-associated protein of 26 to 38 kd. a human sp-a gene (sp-a i) and two distinct sp-a cdnas, mpsap 1a and mpsap 6a, have been reported previously. we have isolated and characterized a second human sp-a gene (sp-a ii), which appears to code for the mrna corresponding to the previously described mpsap-1a cdna. both genes consist of five exons, a consensus recognition sequence for ... | 1992 | 1372511 |
| identification of indigo-related pigments produced by escherichia coli containing a cloned rhodococcus gene. | pigments produced by escherichia coli containing a cloned piece of dna from rhodococcus sp. atcc 21145 were extracted in chloroform and separated into blue and pink components. evidence from tlc, nmr spectroscopy, absorption spectrum analysis and solubility behaviour suggested that the blue pigment was indigo and the pink pigment was indirubin, a structural isomer of indigo. the proposed pathway for pigment production on lb agar involves the conversion of tryptophan to indole by tryptophanase of ... | 1992 | 1372930 |
| light-regulated expression of the psbd gene family in synechococcus sp. strain pcc 7942: evidence for the role of duplicated psbd genes in cyanobacteria. | the genome of the cyanobacterium synechococcus sp. strain pcc 7942 contains two psbd genes encoding the d2 protein of the photosystem ii reaction center: psbdi, which is cotranscribed as a discistronic message with psbc (the gene encoding cp43, a chlorophyll-a binding protein), and psbdii, which is monocistronic. northern blot analysis of psbd transcripts showed that the two genes responded differently when wild-type cells were shifted from moderate to high light intensity. whereas psbdii transc ... | 1992 | 1372952 |
| evidence of nk1 and nk2 tachykinin receptors and their involvement in histamine release in a murine mast cell line. | binding of [3h]substance p (sp) and histamine release were examined using a cloned mouse mast cell line. sp binding was saturable and specific. in the presence of 30 mm na2so4/50 mm tris buffer, sp interacted with two types of binding sites with kd values of 0.3 and 40 nm. high-affinity sp binding was blocked by the inclusion of 0.5 um of the nk1 receptor selective ligand septide in the binding mixture. neurokinin a (nka) evoked concentration-dependent histamine release. at concentrations in the ... | 1992 | 1372967 |
| sp-40,40 is a constituent of alzheimer's amyloid. | cerebrospinal fluid (csf), serum and seminal plasma contain a small amount of sp-40,40, a modulatory protein of the human complement system. the sp-40,40 in each body fluid was different in molecular size on sds-page, and glioblastoma cells, hepatoma cells and testicular tumor cells produced sp-40,40, while neuroblastoma cells did not. therefore, it was estimated that csf sp-40,40 originated in glia cells, serum sp-40,40 in liver cells and seminal plasma sp-40,40 in testicular cells. sp-40,40 co ... | 1992 | 1373021 |
| in vitro effects of substance p analogue [d-arg1, d-phe5, d-trp7,9, leu11] substance p on human tumour and normal cell growth. | analogues of the neurotransmitter substance p (sp) can interact with neuropeptide receptors, and are reported to inhibit growth of small cell lung cancer cell lines (sclc cls). we found [d-arg1, d-phe5, d-trp7,9, leu11] substance p (d-phe5sp) significantly inhibited dna synthesis by 10/10 human tumour cls; six sclc, one n-sclc (squamous), two ovarian and one squamous cervical carcinoma, with inhibition to 50% control levels (ic50) of 20-50 microm. there was dose dependent inhibition of colony fo ... | 1992 | 1373071 |
| topographic relationship between senile plaques and cerebrovascular amyloidosis in the brain of aged dogs. | the distributions of senile plaques (sp) and cerebrovascular amyloidosis (ca) were studied by employing thioflavin s and modified bielschowsky stains, and beta-protein immunohistochemistry on serial sections of the brains of aged dogs older than 10 years. mature and perivascular plaques, both of which contained compact amyloid deposits, always showed a close topographic relationship to ca. in contrast, the majority of diffuse plaques showed no topographic relationship to ca. cell bodies of neuro ... | 1992 | 1373079 |
| an ubiquitous modulating function of rabbit tracheal epithelium: degradation of tachykinins. | 1. to examine the role of epithelium in the responsiveness of tracheal smooth muscle in rabbit, we measured the contractile responses to acetylcholine (ach), kcl, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-ht), histamine, substance p (sp), neurokinin a (nka), and electrical field stimulation efs) in intact and epithelium-denuded preparations. 2. removal of epithelium did not alter the contractile response to any agonist examined, except sp. 3. removal of epithelium enhances the contractile response to sp. in the p ... | 1992 | 1373101 |
| effect of traumatic occlusion on cgrp and sp immunoreactive nerve fibre morphology in rat molar pulp and periodontium. | traumatic occlusion provides a trauma that affects the whole tooth and its supporting tissues. to study the effect of this trauma on cgrp and sp immunoreactive nerve morphology in pulp and periodontium, traumatic occlusion was induced in 2-months-old rats. the occlusal surface of the first maxillary molar in 30 rats were unilaterally raised 1 mm with a composite material. at different observation periods up to 30 days, the rats were transcardiacally perfused, the jaws demineralized, sectioned an ... | 1992 | 1373126 |
| substance p innervation of the rat and cat thalamus. i. distribution and relation to ascending spinal pathways. | an antiserum for substance p (sp) with minimal cross-reactivity for other tachykinins was employed to map the distribution of sp-positive nerve fibers and terminals in the thalamus of cats and rats with special emphasis on the innervation by these fibers of nuclei related to the somatosensory system. in both species sp innervation is predominantly along the midline, in medial and posterior thalamic regions, and sparser in sensory relays for specific modalities. among the most densely innervated ... | 1992 | 1373159 |
| substance p innervation of the rat and cat thalamus. ii. cells of origin in the spinal cord. | evidence in the preceding paper suggests that fibers and terminals immunopositive for substance p (sp) in somatosensory thalamic nuclei are part of the spinothalamic tract (stt). in this paper, more direct evidence on this point is provided by immunocytochemistry for sp on the cervical spinal cord, alone or combined with the retrograde transport of colloidal gold-labeled wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to enzymatically inactive horseradish peroxidase (wgaapohrp-au). in cats and rats pretreated ... | 1992 | 1373160 |
| synthesis and substance p antagonist activity of naphthimidazolium derivatives. | the synthesis of unsymmetrical naphth[2,3-d]imidazolium and bridged naphth[2,3-d]imidazolium derivatives and their substance p (sp) antagonist activity are described. all compounds were evaluated for their ability to displace sp from neurokinin-1 (nk-1) receptor sites using standard receptor binding methodology (rat forebrain membrane). 1,3-diethyl-2-[3-(1,3-dihydro-1,3,3-timethyl-2h-indol-2-ylidene) -1-propenyl]-1h-naphth[2,3-d]imidazolium chloride (7a), a representative compound in this series ... | 1992 | 1373191 |
| abnormal humoral immune response to mucosal antigenic stimulation in patients with lung cancer. | previous studies have suggested an inverse relationship between atopy and cancer of mucosal surfaces. atopy is classically assessed by detecting specific immunoglobulin e (ige) antibodies against inhalant allergens. however, platts-mills recently proposed that atopy is the ability of an organism to recognize and to respond to limited doses of allergens presented at the mucosal level by producing not only ige, but also immunoglobulin a and immunoglobulin g (igg) antibodies. the authors compared t ... | 1992 | 1373339 |
| monoclonal secretory immunoglobulin a protects mice against oral challenge with the invasive pathogen salmonella typhimurium. | hybridomas producing monoclonal immunoglobulin a (iga) antibodies against salmonella typhimurium were generated by mucosal immunization of balb/c mice with attenuated strains of s. typhimurium and subsequent fusion of peyer's patch lymphoblasts with myeloma cells. to test the role of secretory iga (siga) in protection against salmonella sp., we analyzed in detail the protective capacity of a monoclonal iga, sal4, produced in polymeric as well as monomeric forms, that is directed against a carboh ... | 1992 | 1373399 |
| phylogenetic analysis of some aerococcus-like organisms from urinary tract infections: description of aerococcus urinae sp. nov. | partial 16s ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequences of five aerococcus-like organisms originally isolated from patients with urinary tract infections were determined using reverse transcriptase in order to clarify their taxonomic position. analysis of the sequence data revealed that the clinical isolates represent a hitherto unknown line of descent within the genus aerococcus. a new species, aerococcus urinae, is proposed for these isolates. the type strain is ncfb 2893. | 1992 | 1373437 |
| distribution of the neuropeptide galanin in the cat heart and coexistence with vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance p and neuropeptide y. | the neuropeptide galanin (gal) has been detected in the peripheral and central nervous systems. however, little is known about its distribution and localization in heart, and the possible coexistence of gal with other neuropeptides in the heart is not established. the present immunocytochemical study describes the distribution of gal in nerves of the feline heart and its colocalization with vasoactive intestinal peptide (vip), substance p (sp), and neuropeptide y (npy). gal-like immunoreactivity ... | 1992 | 1373450 |
| colocalization of peptide and glucocorticoid receptor immunoreactivities in rat central amygdaloid nucleus. | the central amygdaloid nucleus (ace) is part of the amygdaloid complex that participates in adrenocorticotrophin secretion, stress-related reactions and behavioral functions. the ace contains numerous glucocorticoid receptor (gr)-immunoreactive (ir) neurons, and in addition it has been shown to contain several neuropeptide-ir somata and nerve terminals. in order to study the relationship between the gr- and neuropeptide-ir structures we mapped the distribution of gr-like immunoreactivity (li) in ... | 1992 | 1373477 |
| [the potencies of substance p, substance p fragments, and compound 48/80 for granulocyte infiltration in mouse skin]. | to determine whether the n-terminal or c-terminal peptide of substance p (sp) induces granulocyte infiltration in mouse skin, we examined the potencies of sp, the n-terminal peptides sp1-4 and sp1-9, the c-terminal peptides sp4-11 and sp6-11, and a mast cell degranulating agent compound 48/80 in inducing granulocyte (neutrophil and eosinophil) infiltration in the skin of balb/c mice. the subcutaneous administration of sp (10(-7)-10(-5) m) caused granulocyte infiltration in mouse skin in a concen ... | 1992 | 1373599 |
| tracheal smooth muscle responses to substance p and neurokinin a in the piglet. | the tachykinins substance p (sp) and neurokinin a (nka) have been shown to induce airway smooth muscle contraction in mature animals, and the enzyme neutral endopeptidase (nep) modulates this effect. we evaluated maturation of sp- and nka-induced tracheal smooth muscle contraction and modulation of their effects by nep in anesthetized, paralyzed, and artificially ventilated piglets less than 4 days, 2-3 wk, and 10 wk of age. tracheal smooth muscle tension was measured in vivo from an open trache ... | 1992 | 1373711 |
| peptide mediator effects on bronchial blood velocity and lung resistance in conscious sheep. | peptide mediators or neuropeptides released from sensory nerves may induce inflammatory effects in airways, but their effects on airway blood velocity and lung resistance have not been previously studied simultaneously in awake animals. nine adult sheep were chronically prepared for continuous measurement of blood flow velocity to the distal trachea and bronchi by surgical implantation of a 20-mhz pulsed doppler flow probe on the common bronchial branch of the bronchoesophageal artery. awake res ... | 1992 | 1373712 |
| immunohistochemical localisation of substance p in human parotid gland. | based on the clinical observation that pain is experienced during parotid gland surgery under local anaesthesia, the presence of the sensory neuropeptide substance p (sp) was sought. using a polyclonal antibody, the presence of sp was demonstrated by an indirect immunofluorescence technique, with rat parotid gland and spinal cord serving as controls. sp-containing neuronal elements occurred around acini, blood vessels and ducts. it is suggested that some of the sp-immunoreactive elements are the ... | 1992 | 1373756 |
| antagonists that demonstrate species differences in neurokinin-1 receptors. | 125i-bolton-hunter-substance p (125i-bh-sp) binding properties of three novel classes of neurokinin-1 (nk-1) receptor antagonists were investigated in tissues derived from humans, guinea pigs, and rats. 125i-bh-sp was shown to bind to a single class of binding sites, with similar dissociation constants, kd, in human astrocytoma cells (u-373 mg), human urinary bladder, guinea pig forebrain, guinea pig ileum longitudinal smooth muscle, rat forebrain, and rat duodenum. in each tissue preparation, k ... | 1992 | 1373802 |
| human surfactant protein-a contains blood group a antigenic determinants. | a major blood group antigenic epitope was identified on human pulmonary surfactant protein a (sp-a). mab and polyclonal antibodies generated against purified human sp-a aggregated blood group a human erythrocytes and immunostained epithelial cells in a variety of human tissues, consistent with the tissue distribution of major blood group antigens. sp-a mab (mab-8) agglutinated red cells and immunostained tissues from a or ab blood groups, but did not react with cells or tissues from o or b indiv ... | 1992 | 1373885 |
| influence of opioids on substance p release evoked by antidromic stimulation of primary afferent fibers in the hind instep of rats. | the effect of opioids on the release of immunoreactive substance p (isp) following simultaneous electrical stimulation of the sectioned sciatic and saphenous nerves was examined by perfusion of the subcutaneous space in the rat instep. antidromic stimulation of both the nerves caused an increase in isp release, which was dependent on the intensity of stimulation, and an approx. 200% increase in evans blue extravasation. stimulation-induced isp release and extravasation were suppressed by pretrea ... | 1992 | 1374191 |
| human lymphocytes lack substance p receptors. | substance p (sp), a neuropeptide found in high concentrations in the gut, is reported to have many potent immunomodulatory actions. this study evaluated some effects of sp on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbl) and jejunal intraepithelial lymphocytes (iel) and the expression of sp receptors on these and other lymphocytes types. in contrast to previous studies, sp (10(-8) or 10(-12) m) did not affect the proliferation (spontaneous or mitogen-induced) nor spontaneous cytotoxicity by pbl or ie ... | 1992 | 1374292 |
| development of substance p receptors on rat motoneurons in vitro. | experiments were performed to examine the influence of interneuronal interactions on the expression of neurotransmitter receptors by developing mammalian cns neurons. receptors for the neuropeptide, substance p (sp), were assayed on embryonic rat motoneurons and other spinal cord neurons developing in vitro by the binding of 125i-sp to live neurons. scatchard analysis showed the presence of high-affinity binding sites, and binding competition assays using sp, neurokinin a, or neurokinin b indica ... | 1992 | 1374353 |
| involvement of dynorphin a and not substance p in the spinal antianalgesic action of capsaicin against morphine-induced antinociception in mice. | in previous publications we proposed that dynorphin a (1-17) (dyn) functions as an antianalgesic agent in the spinal cord of mice. whether endogenously released or administered directly to the spinal cord, this antianalgesic action attenuates the antinociceptive effect of morphine (mor) in the mouse tail-flick test. because this action of dyn in the spinal cord appeared to be congruous with the function of substance p (sp), experiments were designed to compare the actions of the two on mor-induc ... | 1992 | 1374471 |
| striosomal organization of substance p-like immunoreactivity in parkinsonian patients. | we designed this study to evaluate the expression of substance p (sp) in the striatum and the globus pallidus in normal controls, idiopathic parkinson's disease (pd), and striatonigral degeneration (snd). we determined immunohistochemically the expression of sp in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain tissues using the free-floating method. in normal controls, we observed sp-like immunoreactivity in the internal segment of the globus pallidus, where the sp-positive fibers showed typical "wooll ... | 1992 | 1374545 |
| substance p- and calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactive neurons in the rat trigeminal ganglion--with special reference to meningeal and pineal innervation. | the distribution of perikarya showing substance p- (sp) or calcitonin gene-related peptide-like immunoreactivity (cgrp-li) in the rat trigeminal ganglion (tg) were investigated by means of immunohistochemical methods. approximately 50% of the perikarya contain cgrp while sp-li was observed in 1/3 of the cells. ir fibres were seen to leave the ganglion via the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular nerves. the combination of peptide histochemistry and retrograde labelling of cells in the ganglion ... | 1992 | 1374581 |
| cardiovascular effects of intrathecal administration of substance p in the rat: interactions with serotonergic mechanisms. | intrathecal (i.th.) administration of substance p (sp, 6.5 nmol) at the th 8-10 level in conscious rats increased blood pressure (carotid artery), heart rate and plasma catecholamine concentrations. the responses were antagonized by the intravenous (i.v.) but not i.th. pretreatment with the 5-ht2-receptor antagonists ketanserin and ritanserin and intrathecally administered serotonin (5-ht, 10 micrograms). the pressor response and the increase in plasma noradrenaline concentrations were also anta ... | 1992 | 1374613 |
| sympathetic nerve contact alters membrane resistance of cells of the rbl-2h3 mucosal mast cell line. | indirect evidence links sensory nerves with mast cells (mc) in inflammatory reactions of airway, skin, and intestine. isolated mc secrete histamine, serotonin, and other inflammatory mediators in response to neuropeptides such as substance p (sp) in vitro. to obtain direct evidence of nerve/mc interactions, we used a tissue culture model involving the co-culture of murine sympathetic neurons and rat basophilic leukemia (rbl) cells (homologous to mucosal mc). an electrophysiologic analysis of the ... | 1992 | 1374618 |