| profiles of plasma androgens in quail following testosterone injection at two different times of day. | adult castrated male japanese quail (coturnix japonica) housed on an 8l:16d light-dark cycle (lights on at 0700 hr) were given a single injection of either 100 or 500 micrograms testosterone (t) at either 0800 or 1430 hr. blood samples were taken 1, 3, 5, 7, or 24 hr after injection and assayed for androgens. additional samples were taken from intact males housed on a 16l:8d light-dark cycle and from castrated males housed on 8l:16d and injected with the oil vehicle. with the 100-micrograms dosa ... | 1988 | 3366357 |
| changes in plasma concentrations of reproductive steroids in female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) raised on long or short photoperiods. | plasma concentrations of progesterone, testosterone, estradiol, and estrone were measured by radioimmunoassay in female japanese quail 22 to 70 days of age. the birds were raised on long (16 hr light per day) or short (8 hr light per day) photoperiods. only the birds raised on the long photoperiod layed eggs, starting between 42 and 49 days of age. the concentration of each reproductive steroid increased between 28 and 35 days of age, but the increases were more substantial in the birds raised o ... | 1988 | 3366353 |
| expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms in myogenic clones obtained from developing quail breast muscle. | monoclonal antibodies specifically recognizing cardiac and extraocular muscle myosin heavy chains of the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were used to determine the patterns of expression of these isoforms in clonal cultures of embryonic quail myoblasts. myoblasts prepared from 9 day embryonic pectoralis are virtually homogeneous in their ability to form clones expressing both cardiac and extraocular isoforms. the majority of myoblasts obtained from day 5 embryos also formed clones which co-ex ... | 1988 | 28305476 |
| selection of japanese quail for contrasting blood corticosterone response to immobilization. | japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were divergently selected for 12 generations for increased (high stress, hs) and decreased (low stress, ls) blood corticosterone (b) response to unfamiliar environments. response lines were selected initially on the basis of wild-type quail b response to albino (alb) quail intrusion (s1 to s3) and subsequently on b response to immobilization (imb) (s4 to s12). using alb intruders as stressors proved unsuccessful, therefore the practice was abandoned in ... | 1988 | 3375175 |
| the effects of estrogen, insulin and dexamethasone on the synthesis and secretion of egg white proteins in primary cultured oviduct cells of laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | 1. the effects of estrogen, insulin and dexamethasone on the synthesis of egg white proteins were investigated by employing primary cultured oviduct cells of laying japanese quails. 2. it was demonstrated that oviduct cells require insulin and dexamethasone, besides estrogen, to synthesize and secrete egg white proteins maximally. | 1988 | 3281790 |
| water intake induced by water deprivation in the quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | mechanisms inducing drinking after water deprivation, and mechanisms terminating drinking after rehydration, were investigated in the quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. 1. water intake was induced after 4 h of water deprivation, and the amount of water drunk increased in proportion to the period of water deprivation. drinking occurred immediately after deprivation. drinking occurred immediately after deprived birds were given access to water, and continued for periods proportional to the period ... | 1988 | 3249018 |
| rapid adjustment of the pineal n-acetyltransferase rhythm to change from long to short photoperiod in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the dynamics of adjusting the pineal n-acetyltransferase rhythm from long to short photoperiod was assessed in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the transition from ld 16:8 to ld 8:16 was accomplished by symmetrical prolongation of the dark period. in ld 16:8, the period of elevated nocturnal activity lasted approximately 7 hours. during the first prolonged night, the evening n-acetyltransferase rise advanced by almost 3 hours relative to the rise in ld 16:8 and occurred at the sa ... | 1988 | 3225739 |
| drinking induced by cellular dehydration in the quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | 1. drinking was induced in water-replete quail 5-10 min after intravenous injection of hypertonic nacl (0.69 osmol/l) or sucrose (1.06 osmol/l), but hypertonic urea (2.78 osmol/l) failed to induce drinking. 2. the birds drank approximately the amount required to dilute the injected solutes to isotonicity for each given dose of nacl or sucrose. 3. the plasma angiotensin ii level decreased after injection of 7% nacl (2.5 osmol/l), but it increased after injection of an equi-osmolar solution of suc ... | 1988 | 2900120 |
| relationship between parental age, egg weight and hatching weight of japanese quail. | 1. the relationships between egg weight or age of breeder quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) and 1-d-old chick weight were determined. 2. significant correlations were found between egg weight and chick weight (r2 = 0.32) and age and chick weight (r2 = 0.86). thus, hatching weight was influenced more by the age of breeder quails than by egg weight as such. 3. chick weight was accurately predicted by the use of age as a single independent variable; egg weight did not explain any further variatio ... | 1987 | 3446342 |
| transaminase and phosphomonoesterase activities in different regions of the oviduct epithelium of laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | 1. activities of alkaline (alp) and acid phosphomonoesterases (acp) and aspartic (got) and alanine (gpt) aminotransferases in the glandular epithelia of the infundibulum, magnum, isthmus and shell gland of the laying quail were measured when the egg was in the shell gland. 2. the activities of all the enzymes were significantly (p less than 0.001) greater in shell-gland than in isthmus and magnum. 3. gel-electrophoretic analysis of proteins showed that the magnal epithelia had the same proteins ... | 1987 | 2833336 |
| effects of long term consumption of fish oil (maxepa) on serum lipids and arterial ultrastructure in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | both random (u.c. davis) and inbred ("sea") japanese quail were fed 8.6% dietary supplements of lard (sf) or fish oil (fo) maxepa (38% of calories from fat) and 9 months later selected blood vessels were subjected to light and electron microscopy. serum lipids were measured by means of automatic enzymatic analyses (beckman astra and dupont aca) following fasting (12-14 h) bleeding times taken at autopsy. vldl and ldl were determined indirectly. fatty acid profiles were done on pericardial fat fr ... | 1987 | 3689486 |
| naloxone attenuates food but not water intake in japanese quail. | the effect of the opioid antagonist naloxone on food and water intake in male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) was investigated. birds were injected intramuscularly with 0, 3, 10, and 30 mg/kg body weight of naloxone hydrochloride. food and water were offered ad libitum 15 min postinjection. food intake was attenuated in a dose-dependent fashion through 300 min following the return of food and water. the dose-response relationship was quadratic, with the greatest reduction in food int ... | 1987 | 3447145 |
| selenium-mediated biochemical changes in japanese quails : tissue uptake and distribution of injected(75)selenium labeled sodium selenite in relation to dietary selenium status. | the tissue uptake and distribution of injected [(75)se]-sodium selenite as a variance with time and as influenced by dietary selenium status was followed in the tissues of japanese quails,coturnix coturnix japonica. quails maintained on a low selenium semipurified (basal) diet and basal diets supplemented with 0.2 and 2.0 ppm selenium as sodium selenite were injected intraperitonially with(75)se as sodium selenite (2.8 microcuries). the injected(75)se was monitored in blood, liver, kidney, heart ... | 1987 | 24254762 |
| changes in progesterone production in granulosa cells during the ovulatory cycle of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the influence of follicular maturation on progesterone production by isolated granulosa cells of the japanese quail was examined. after determination of the concentrations of ovine lh (olh) and dibutyryl cyclic amp for the maximum response, the amount of progesterone produced during incubation at 40 degrees for 3 hr with or without olh or dibutyryl cyclic amp was measured in granulosa cells isolated from follicles at 71 to 1 hr before ovulation. when cells were stimulated with olh, we found a ma ... | 1987 | 2822528 |
| neuroanatomical distribution of testosterone-metabolizing enzymes in the japanese quail. | we describe a very sensitive and precise assay which allows one to study the metabolism of testosterone (t) in small brain nuclei dissected out according to the method of palkovits and brownstein. with this method, the neuroanatomical distributions of aromatase, and 5 alpha- and 5 beta-reductase activities were studied in adult male quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the different enzymes show different neuroanatomical distributions. production of estradiol-17 beta (e2) was highest in the sexua ... | 1987 | 3676776 |
| time course of degeneration of the visual system induced by spontaneous glaucoma in the albino quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the retinal projection of an imperfect albino quail mutant with a sex-linked recessive gene was examined 2 weeks-16 months post-hatch using various histological methods. during the first weeks the visual system was normal. initial signs of buphthalmos, a form of spontaneous glaucoma, appeared between the 3d and 5th months. its development induced a degeneration of the retinal projections according to a relatively precise sequence progressing from the mesencephalic tegmentum to the optic tectum, ... | 1987 | 3676739 |
| immunohistochemical localization of laminin, neural cell adhesion molecule, collagen type iv and t-61 antigen in the embryonic retina of the japanese quail by in vivo injection of antibodies. | antibodies against laminin (ln), fibronectin (fn), collagen type iv (col iv), neural cell adhesion molecule (n-cam), t-61 antigen, actin, tubulin and neurofilament protein were injected into the eyes of quail embryos (coturnix coturnix japonica) of different ages. twenty h after injection, the heads of the embryos were fixed and the antibodies visualized in sections with the use of fluorescein-isothiocyanate (fitc) or peroxidase-labeled second antibodies by light- and electron microscopy. antibo ... | 1987 | 3664600 |
| estimates of heritability for plasma very low density lipoprotein concentration and genetic correlations with lipid content, body volume, and density in coturnix coturnix japonica. | genetic parameters associated with very low density lipoprotein concentration (vldl) in a randombred population of coturnix were estimated. associated traits were: body density, volume, and weight of the live bird, and lipid content of the whole carcass. a total of 739 progeny by 50 sires and 126 dams was the basis of the data. the vldl was highly heritable (.52) and highly correlated with lipid content (greater than .50) but correlated to lesser degrees with body density (.24) and body volume ( ... | 1987 | 3684849 |
| secretion of egg white proteins in primary cultured oviduct cells of laying japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | oviduct (magnum) cells of laying japanese quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) were isolated after digestion of the magnum portion by collagenase and dispase and cultured in dulbecco's modified eagle medium (dme) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum. the cultured cells formed a monolayer. immunoperoxidase staining with antiovalbumin and anticonalbumin antibodies elucidated that more than 90% of the total population of the cells contained ovalbumin and conalbumin within the cytoplasm. the result ... | 1987 | 3671295 |
| influence of 12 hours of sound stimuli on gonad development and plasma luteinizing hormone in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) exposed to 6 hours of daily light. | two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of sound stimulation on gonadal growth in male and female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) maintained under a photoperiod of 6 hr light and 18 hr dark (6l:18d) from 1 to 12 weeks of age (experiment 1) or 1 to 14 weeks of age (experiment 2). the quail were split into three sound environments as follows: 1) 12 hr of radio music (rs) beginning 1 hr before lights off; 2) 12 hr of vocalization from a breeding colony of quail (qv) begi ... | 1987 | 3658881 |
| photoperiodic and endocrine control of social proximity behavior in male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | previous research had shown that reproductively mature male japanese quail maintained on a 16:08 light/dark (16l:8d) photoperiod spend about 75% of their time throughout daylight hours near a window that provides visual access to a female conspecific. in contrast, females do not display a corresponding tendency to remain near male conspecifics. in experiment 1, i demonstrated that the social proximity behavior of male japanese quail declines significantly when photostimulation is restricted to 2 ... | 1987 | 3606811 |
| a comparison of aromatase, 5 alpha-, and 5 beta- reductase activities in the brain and pituitary of male and female quail (c. c. japonica). | in numerous vertebrate species including japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), actions of testosterone (t) on neuroendocrine target tissues are mediated in part by conversion to estrogenic and androgenic metabolites. in order to assess which pathways were favored in each identified androgen target area in quail brain and whether there were discernible sex differences, we developed an assay for simultaneously quantifying aromatase, 5 alpha-, and 5 beta-reductase. in addition, we made the f ... | 1987 | 3612047 |
| ultrastructural study of ochratoxicosis in quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | ultrathin sections of liver and kidney from 11-week-old quail fed, from day-old, ochratoxin a (oa) (mixed in the diet at levels of 4 and 8 ppm) were examined in the electron microscope. pathological changes in the kidneys were limited to the proximal convoluted tubules (pct) and glomeruli. in the pcts, abnormal mitochondria and excessive numbers of lipid droplets were the principal findings with glomeruli showing thickened basement membranes. swollen mitochondria and variable glycogen deposition ... | 1987 | 3589170 |
| developmental changes induced by glucocorticoids treatment in breeder quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the effects produced in offspring by corticosterone treatment to breeder quail were investigated. the breeders received corticosterone orally every day during 7 days. the total dose administered was 3.15 mg/quail/7 days. the quail from treated breeders have a decreased rate of body growth during the experimental period. the studied metabolic and nutritives parameters were smaller than the control group, however, the relative indices were similar. the breeders treated with corticosterone produce ... | 1987 | 3570144 |
| oral and intramuscular toxicity of inorganic and organic mercury chloride to growing quail. | the lethal toxicity of inorganic (hgcl2) and organic (ch3hgcl) mercury chloride was compared for coturnix (japanese quail, coturnix japonica) of different ages from hatch through adulthood by single-dose acute oral and intramuscular injections and by a 5-d dietary trial. sublethal mercury toxicity was studied by evaluation of plasma and brain cholinesterase activity. ch3hgcl was more toxic than hgcl2 in all tests at each age tested. ld50s consistently increased over the first 4 wk for both acute ... | 1987 | 3806696 |
| reproduction of japanese quail after microwave irradiation (2.45 ghz cw) during embryogeny. | japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) embryos were irradiated continuously in ovo with 2.45-ghz continuous wave radiation during the first 12 days of embryogenesis at an incident power of 5 mw/cm2 and a specific absorption rate of 4.03 mw/g. the internal temperature of irradiated and nonirradiated (sham) eggs was 37.5 +/- 0.3 degrees c, which is the optimum temperature for incubating quail eggs. at 35 days after hatching irradiated and sham-irradiated males were paired with irradiated or s ... | 1987 | 3580002 |
| blood volume recovery in hemorrhaged japanese quail. | 1. blood volume and plasma biochemical changes and feed and water consumption in response to a hemorrhage by phlebotomy of 30% of the calculated total blood volume with and without replacement of blood volume with physiological saline were determined in juvenile male coturnix coturnix japonica. 2. plasma protein and osmolality decreased rapidly posthemorrhage and did not recover by 72 hr posthemorrhage. 3. plasma glucose, na+ and k+ increased within 1 hr postphlebotomy. plasma na+ returned to no ... | 1987 | 2889580 |
| isolation and characterization of single myocardial cells from the quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | 1. the enzymatic cell isolation technique was applied to the bird heart resulting in myocytes of which 10-50% maintained their spindle-shaped morphology, excluded the vital dye, evans blue and tolerated physiological concentration of ca2+ ions. 2. the length of spindle-shaped myocytes was on average 289 +/- 7 microns, and the maximum width was 10.2 +/- 0.3 microns. the mean length of the sarcomeres was 2.18 +/- 0.03 microns. 3. in electron micrographs the fine structure of the spindle-shaped myo ... | 1987 | 2889569 |
| hematological response of hemorrhaged japanese quail after blood volume replacement with saline. | 1. hematological responses to hemorrhage by phlebotomy with and without replacement of blood volume with saline were measured in juvenile and adult male coturnix coturnix japonica. 2. recovery of total peripheral erythrocyte numbers and total peripheral leukocyte numbers occurred within 72 hr postphlebotomy in both treatment groups. 3. saline replacement of blood volume following hemorrhage increased the total numbers and differential percentages of circulating reticulocytes at 72 hr postphlebot ... | 1987 | 2887392 |
| effect of cage density and rank in peck order on brain regional monoamines in adult male coturnix coturnix japonica. | 1. in adult male coturnix coturnix japonica neither norepinephrine (ne) nor serotonin (5ht) in various brain regions were affected by caging density (174 cm2-8/cage; 348 cm2-4/cage; 696 cm2-2/cage). dopamine (da) in diencephalon was elevated in high density cages. 2. peck order rank was assigned on the basis of feather distribution on head, neck and back and lesions on head and back. 3. upper strata peck order rank was associated with significantly lower levels of brain regional ne and da compar ... | 1987 | 2886268 |
| hematology of japanese quail selected for high or low serum corticosterone responses to complex stressors. | blood was collected from random-bred male coturnix coturnix japonica and from quail selected genetically for high or low serum corticosterone responses to complex stressors after chronic exposure to short daily photoperiods and after exposure to long photoperiods. when compared to the low response quail, high response quail exhibited increased mean cellular hemoglobin values, reticulocyte numbers and heterophil percentages, and decreased monocyte and eosinophil numbers after exposure to long pho ... | 1987 | 2881699 |
| manifestations of social stress in grouped japanese quail. | physiological manifestations of social stress in stable and unstable (resident and visitor) pairs of adult male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were compared after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of regrouping. unstable pairs had reduced body and relative testes (mg/100 g) weights. plasma cholesterol was increased significantly in unstable pairs, and adrenal cholesterol was reduced significantly by daily regrouping of unstable pairs. twelve consecutive days of acth treatment (2, 4 or 8 iu/100 ... | 1987 | 2881689 |
| effect of caponization on central nervous system monoamines in the japanese quail. | depletion of brain regional norepinephrine (ne), dopamine (da) after alpha methyl-paratyrosine (amt), and serotonin (5ht) were measured in intact and caponized adult male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). telencephalon, diencephalon, and cerebellum da was depleted by amt treatment, but brain stem was not affected. amt-induced depletion of ne was greatest in telencephalon, diencephalon, and brain stem of capons. neither caponization nor amt affected brain regional 5ht. the results from ... | 1987 | 2881688 |
| sexual pavlovian conditioned approach behavior in male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | a localized visual stimulus presented immediately prior to access to a female conspecific stimulated approach behavior in male japanese quail after several conditioning trials. development of this conditioned approach behavior was observed with two different types of signal lights, 10-s and 30-s signal durations, large and small experimental chambers, and with male birds housed continually in the conditioning chambers or only placed in the chamber for brief daily sessions. conditioning also resu ... | 1986 | 3802785 |
| [development of the ovarian and oviduct arteries of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) after hatching]. | | 1986 | 2948420 |
| selenium-mediated biochemical changes in japanese quails : ii. preliminary studies on glutathione peroxidase activity and collagen characteristics in the skin. | the effect of selenium (se) on collagen characteristics and glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px) activity in the skin of japanese quailscoturnix coturnix japonica fed a formulated, semipurified, low-se diet (basal) (0.05 ppm) was investigated. the quails exhibited severe se-deficiency symptoms and significant reduction in skin gsh-px activity at the end of 30 d. selenium supplementation at a 2-ppm level restored the normal skin conditions and enhanced skin gsh-px activity significantly. but a dietary ... | 1986 | 24254437 |
| urates and allantoic regulation in embryonic japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | during embryonic development, allantoic fluid represents the shifting balance between renal excretion and reabsorption by chorioallantoic membranes. allantoic contents of na+, k+, cl-, urate, ph, and water were followed over days 10-15 of the 16 day incubation. water volume remained near 0.9 ml until day 13, then declined very rapidly. the ph declined more steadily, from 8 to 5.5. contents of na+ and cl- fell regularly to final values 80-88% below day 10. the k+ content changed differently and n ... | 1986 | 3772331 |
| selenium-mediated biochemical changes in japanese quail : i. formulation of semipurified low-selenium diet and effect on glutathione peroxidase. | essentiality of selenium (se) for japanese quail,coturnix coturnix japonica, was confirmed using a formulated semipurified low-se diet (basal) (0.05 ppm). selenium-deficiency symptoms appeared in quails on this diet within 15 d, which corresponded to low levels of hemolysate glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px) activity. selenium administration at 0.05 and 2.0 ppm levels resulted in an increase of hemolysate gsh-px activity by 64 and 116%, respectively, in both short- and long-term experiments. growt ... | 1986 | 24254354 |
| lipocyte hyperplasia and sexual maturation of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | 1. hyperplastic growth of adipose tissue in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) was examined in relation to sexual maturity to determine whether fat cell number is fixed in mature individuals of this species. 2. total dna concentrations in the lipid (lipocyte) and non-lipid (stroma) fractions of collagenase (ec 3.4.24.3)-digested abdominal (retroperitoneal) fat depots were determined on a chronological-age basis from 28 to 240 d of age. the in vivo incorporation of [methyl-3h]thymidine i ... | 1986 | 3676180 |
| operant conditioning in the newly hatched quail : fixed interval performance. | newly hatched quails and adult controls of the species coturnix coturnix japonica were trained to emit a treadle-pressing response reinforced with food on a fixed interval 60 seconds schedule, at a pace of 4 or 5 sessions a day. the young subjects were successfully shaped at the fourth day of life. although response rates were equivalent in young and adults, curvature index values and post-reinforcement pause durations were higher for the adult subjects over a 10-day conditioning period. these d ... | 1986 | 24924691 |
| diurnal variations of sexual receptivity in the female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | a series of experiments was performed to study the changes during the day of female receptivity in japanese quail. in each experiment, the frequency of squatting and the percentage of male approaches which were followed by squatting increased at the end of the day, approximately 11 to 13 hr after lights on (in a photoperiod of 16l:8d). in some cases this increased receptivity was associated with a significant decrease of the long-avoid frequency. analyses are presented which demonstrate that the ... | 1986 | 3957258 |
| determinants of social proximity in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica): male behavior. | following opportunity to copulate with a female housed in an adjacent compartment, male japanese quail spent 64% of their time near a window that provided visual access to the female (experiment 1). this social proximity behavior persisted for at least 2 weeks of continual exposure to the window despite lack of further physical access to the female (experiment 2) and was evident at all daylight hours (experiment 3). female japanese quail stimulated more proximity behavior in male conspecifics th ... | 1986 | 3754503 |
| hemiagenesis of the thyroid gland in the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | hemiagenesis of the thyroid occurred in a closed population of japanese quails. the unilateral gland was histologically normal, occurred most frequently in females, was heavier than individual pairs of glands and the birds showed no clinical effects. comparative aspects are discussed. | 1986 | 3700735 |
| meiotic prophase in the left embryonic testis of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica l.). | spontaneous, transitory feminization of the left embryonic testis occurs in the majority of male japanese quails from day 11 of incubation until the 2nd day after hatching. the feminized gonad is composed of a testicular part and of an ovarian-like cortical region, which develops outside the tunica albuginea. the cortical region contains numerous germ cells some of which enter meiosis on day 11 (i.e. at the time characteristic of female germ cells) and reach pachytene on day 14. cortical regions ... | 2006 | 3827252 |
| response of japanese quail to hemorrhagic stress after exposure to microwave radiation during embryogeny. | coturnix coturnix japonica eggs were exposed to 2.45 ghz continuous wave microwave radiation at an incident power density of 5 mw/cm2 (sar = 4 mw/g) during the first 12 days of embryogeny. after hatching, hematologic changes in response to an acute hemorrhage were measured in exposed and nonexposed (control) juveniles and adults of both sexes. reticulocyte numbers and percentages were depressed below control numbers at 24 hr postphlebotomy in exposed adult females. lymphocyte numbers were depres ... | 1986 | 2879671 |
| depression of plasma luteinizing hormone concentration in quail by the anticholinesterase insecticide parathion. | to examine the effects of parathion on basal plasma luteinizing hormone (lh) concentration, male japanese quail (coturnix japonica) were orally intubated with 0, 5 or 10 mg/kg parathion and sacrificed after 4, 8 and 24 hr. at the 5 mg/kg dose, plasma lh levels were reduced at 4 and 8 hr, but returned to control values by 24 hr. brain acetylcholinesterase activity was substantially reduced by 10 mg/kg parathion (52, 75 and 37% inhibition at 4, 8 and 24 hr, respectively) and plasma lh concentratio ... | 1986 | 2872014 |
| peripheral blood changes of the japanese quail coturnix coturnix japonica following repeated small doses of trichlorfon. | | 1985 | 4074943 |
| circadian rhythm of melatonin in the pineal gland of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | melatonin was measured by radioimmunoassay in homogenates of pineal glands from quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) kept under different photoperiods and in darkness. under 8-, 12- and 16-h daylengths melatonin levels were increased during the dark period, the duration of the increase depending on the duration of the dark period. as the daylength was increased the peak occurred closer to lights-off, reflecting the more rapid melatonin rise under the longer photoperiods. the pineal melatonin rhyth ... | 1985 | 4067487 |
| the distribution of 14c-chloramphenicol in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the distribution of 14c-labelled chloramphenicol after oral and intravenous administration to egg laying japanese quail was studied by whole-body autoradiography. in the liver, kidneys, gizzard, intestinal contents (bile) and oviduct, the 14c-concentration was higher than that of the blood short time after injection and remained higher than the blood up to 4 days. from 4 hrs, the concentration of 14c in the egg yolks was higher than that of the blood and from 24 hrs the radioactivity in the albu ... | 1985 | 4090996 |
| effect of phlebotomy on reticulocyte numbers in japanese quail. | hematological changes were studied in response to a phlebotomy of 30% of the estimated total blood volume in 5-week-old coturnix coturnix japonica. blood samples, femoral bone marrow samples, and blood and marrow erythroid cell differential counts were collected at 0 (nonphlebotomized), 1, 3, 6, 24, and 72 hr postphlebotomy. the samples were collected only once from each bird. total peripheral erythrocyte numbers, percent hematocrit, and hemoglobin levels were decreased at 1, 3, 6, and 24 hr. th ... | 1985 | 4070133 |
| dietary induction of hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis in japanese quail of strain sea. | groups of 12 male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) of a strain susceptible to experimental atherosclerosis (sea) were fed one of three purified diets (one basal and two atherogenic) for 8 wk. the basal diet contained: glucose (46%), soy protein (35%) and beef tallow (10%). atherogenic diets were prepared by replacing glucose with either 1% cholesterol or 1% cholesterol plus 0.5% cholic acid. both atherogenic diets induced hypercholesterolemia, with serum cholesterol increased 202 and ... | 1985 | 4032062 |
| exposure of embryos to an aromatization inhibitor increases copulatory behaviour of male quail. | this experiment examined the possibility that endogenous embryonic androgen contributes to sexual differentiation of behaviour in male or female quail (coturnix coturnix japonica ), and that it does so via aromatization (conversion to oestrogen). eggs were injected on day 9 of incubation with oil or atd (an aromatization inhibitor). as adults, males and females were exposed to short days, injected with testosterone propionate, tested for male-typical behaviour, then injected with oestradiol benz ... | 1985 | 24895921 |
| maintenance of proliferative capacity during avian myogenesis is independent of fusion-permissive calcium ion concentration. | skeletal muscle differentiation is normally accompanied by the permanent withdrawal of myogenic nuclei from the proliferative cycle. however, embryonic japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) myoblasts which have been prevented from fusing in vitro by the addition of egta to the culture medium retain the capacity to re-enter the cell cycle following accumulation of muscle-specific myosin. we have therefore investigated the roles of ca2+ and fusion in the withdrawal of myogenic cells from the ... | 1985 | 3924639 |
| morphology of the cataract in albino mutant quails (coturnix coturnix japonica). | morphological changes in cataractous albino quail lens were studied by light microscopy. in some animals, a pin-head opacity in the lens could first be detected with the naked eye 2 months after hatching. faint anterior or posterior cortical opacity was observed in many lenses at 3 months of age. most lenses had turned opaque 12 months after hatching. lens dimensions were markedly enlarged at 6 months of age. vacuoles were present in the posterior surface just beneath the capsule and equatorial ... | 1985 | 4007071 |
| diurnal rhythm of water intake and plasma angiotensin ii in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | a diurnal rhythm was noted in the hourly water intake of the japanese quail exposed to a 12l:12d photoperiod. two peaks for the water intake were observed: from 07:00 to 08:00, 1 hr after turning on the light source, and from 18:00 to 19:00, 1 hr before termination of the light source. the plasma angiotensin ii (aii) concentration also showed two peaks: one at 06:00, 1 hr before the light source was turned on, and another at 18:00, 1 hr before the light was turned off. the two plasma aii peaks e ... | 1985 | 3886477 |
| effects of chronic high-level manganese exposure on male behavior in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | male japanese quail were chronically exposed to 5000 ppm manganese (mn) as particulate manganese oxide (mn3o4) in their diet from hatching to 75 days of age. no decrements in growth or in other indices of general toxicity were noted. there were significant (p less than .05) age-related increases in general locomotor activity in the control group, although no significant (.05 less than p less than .10) increases were seen in the mn-treated group. both control and mn-treated groups had significant ... | 1985 | 4039439 |
| ontogeny of aggressive-sexual behavior between males in lines of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) selected for male mating frequency. | japanese quail from lines bidirectionally selected for high and low male mating frequency and from the random-bred base population were observed in an ontogenetic study of aggressive-sexual behavior. quail were reared in sex-intermingled flocks until 28 days of age at which time half of the males from each line were housed as all-male flocks and half were transferred to individual cages. at 41 days of age, individually caged males exhibited mounting behavior to win encounters with other males. b ... | 1985 | 4038930 |
| does neonatal gonadectomy affect the sexual differentiation of quail? | this experiment was designed to determine the contribution, if any, of posthatching gonadal hormones to sexual differentiation of behavior in japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). males and females were gonadectomized or sham-operated (controls) prior to age 7 days posthatching. at age 4-9 weeks controls were gonadectomized. all birds were then given 2 weeks of testosterone propionate injections and tested for sexual behavior with female partners. neonatally gonadectomized females exhibit ... | 1985 | 3979971 |
| constitutional biases in early perceptual learning: iii. similarities and differences between artificially selected and imprinted color preferences in quail chicks (coturnix coturnix japonica). | color preferences and preference generalization were tested in naive and imprinted japanese quail chicks drawn from the 20th generation of a genetic control line and two genetic lines that were bidirectionally selected for preferences between blue and red. twelve hours of imprinting to blue or red on the first posthatch day resulted in large preference changes in the genetic controls, and these subjects exhibited no or only small additional changes from 3 more days of imprinting (for the total o ... | 1985 | 3979028 |
| effects of supplementary vitamin d3 on egg production of two strains of japanese quail and growth of their progeny. | two strains (university of saskatchewan, white egg and wild type) of mature japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica), following a 4-week depletion period, were fed one of four diets varying in supplementary vitamin d3: a) no supplementary vitamin d3, b) national research council (nrc, 1977) recommended level of 1,200 iu vitamin d3/kg feed, c) 10 times, nrc levels, and d) 100 times nrc levels for 4 weeks. egg production, egg weight, number of softshelled eggs, body weight, and feed consumption ... | 1985 | 2986086 |
| hatch weight selection: effect on post-hatch growth in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the post-hatch growth of japanese quail, weight selected at hatch, was investigated. the quail were grouped according to hatch weight as follows: group i, 5.5-6.2 g; group ii, 6.3-7.0 g; and group iii, 7.1-7.6 g. group iii quail were 25 and 12% heavier at hatching than group i and ii quails, respectively, and reached a mature body weight which was 38 and 12% heavier than group i and ii quails, respectively. gompertz growth parameters were not different in any of the groups. feed and water consum ... | 1985 | 2864190 |
| peripheral blood in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) in acute poisoning by different insecticides. | the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of chlorphenvinphos and foschlor on the erythrocytes and leucocytes in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). it was found that there is no decided change in the number of erythrocytes after ingesting chlorphenvinphos, whereas foschlor significantly reduces rbc content. the effect of the two pesticides is shown by an increase in reticulocytes and erythroblasts. chlorphenvinphos significantly reduces, but foschlor increases, thrombocyt ... | 1985 | 2861051 |
| adrenal responses to chronic and acute water stress in japanese quail coturnix japonica. | water deprivation (wd) resulted in increased serum osmotic pressure (op) and decreased body weight (wb); adrenal aldosterone content did not change. adrenal corticosterone content tended to be elevated during early wd, indicating a stress response, but tended to decrease after seven days of wd, suggesting adrenal fatigue. during water restriction (wr), after the period of weight loss, adrenal corticosterone content and serum op were elevated. as the birds began to gain weight, aldosterone levels ... | 1985 | 2859951 |
| an ultrastructural and histochemical study of the development of secondary palate in japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica. | embryonic development of the secondary palate of the japanese quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, was studied. the palatal shelves appeared on day 5 of incubation in a horizontal direction over the dorsal surface of the tongue. subsequently, unlike those in mammals, the opposing palatal shelves do not fuse, and a physiological cleft persists between them. in comparison with the chick, where the palatal shelves do not fuse and the medial edge epithelium (mee) becomes orthokeratinized stratified sq ... | 1985 | 2580854 |
| effects of leu5-enkephalin on natural and angiotensin ii-induced drinking in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | natural drinking behavior was inhibited by intracranial (ic) injections of leu5-enkephalin (len) (30 and 60 micrograms/100 g) for 60 min, but not by iv injections (30 and 100 micrograms/100 g) in the japanese quail. drinking induced by angiotensin ii (aii) (30 and 50 micrograms/bird, ip) was also inhibited for 60 min by len (40, 60, and 100 micrograms/100 g, ic), given 5 min after the aii injections. naloxone (3 mg/bird, ip) attenuated the inhibition of len (60 micrograms/100 g, ic) and when adm ... | 1984 | 6510686 |
| melatonin rhythms in the eyes, pineal bodies, and blood of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | melatonin levels in the eyes, pineal bodies, and blood of japanese quail exposed to 12l:12d show robust daily rhythms with high levels occurring in the night and low levels occurring during the day. since melatonin is synthesized in both the eyes and pineal bodies of birds, the relative contribution of these structures to the blood melatonin levels was determined. a rhythm of blood melatonin persisted in 12l:12d in birds blinded by complete orbital enucleation and in pinealectomized birds but th ... | 1984 | 6489741 |
| estradiol contributes to the postnatal demasculinization of female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | two experiments were performed to characterize the process of postnatal demasculinization in japanese quail. in the first experiment, it was shown that estradiol (e2) can complete female demasculinization during the first 4 weeks of life. by contrast, e2 did not demasculinize sexual behavior and cloacal gland in neonatally castrated males. neonatally gonadectomized females preferentially performed mount attempts when tested in their home cage by comparison to a test arena. in experiment 2, e2 si ... | 1984 | 6489943 |
| morphology and behavior of quail neural crest cells in artificial three-dimensional extracellular matrices. | neural crest cells migrate extensively through a complex extracellular matrix (ecm) to sites of terminal differentiation. to determine what role the various components of the ecm may play in crest morphogenesis, quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) neural crest cells have been cultured in three-dimensional hydrated collagen lattices containing various combinations of macromolecules known to be present in the crest migratory pathways. neural crest cells migrate readily in native collagen gels where ... | 1984 | 6745490 |
| effect of the presence of females on the pituitary-testicular activity in male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | five experiments were carried out to study the role of the presence of a female on the reproductive endocrinology of male japanese quail. in the first three experiments, exposure of an adult male raised in long days to a female for l0 min or l week failed to increase plasma testosterone and lh levels; in fact a significant transitory decrease in plasma testosterone was observed, associated with a preceding increase in plasma corticosterone. these changes are interpreted as a result of the stress ... | 1984 | 6479577 |
| effect of embryonic treatment with oestradiol benzoate on reproductive morphology, ovulation and oviposition and plasma lh concentrations in female quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | quail eggs were injected on day 10 of incubation with 0, 5, 10, 20 or 40 micrograms oestradiol benzoate. females hatching from these eggs were reared on a 16l: 8d photoperiod and egg laying was recorded. blood samples were taken at 37, 40, 43, 46, 49, 52, 55, 58 or 61 days of age and lh concentrations were measured by a double-antibody radioimmunoassay. birds were killed at 61 days of age; ovaries and oviducts were weighed and examined. egg laying was greatly reduced by oestradiol benzoate treat ... | 1984 | 6747950 |
| motion sickness in quail: body-rotation-induced conditioned fluid aversions in c. coturnix japonica. | the presence of motion sickness in japanese quail (c. coturnix japonica) was examined by using a conditioned fluid aversion as an index. twenty-three birds were divided into three groups. one group received a novel fluid (yellow-sour water) followed by 30 min of body rotation at 70 rpm (on a schedule of 15 s on and 5 s off). another group received the novel fluid followed by exposure to a sham rotation procedure. the third group experienced the rotation procedure following access to water. the g ... | 1984 | 6744814 |
| the developmental distribution of monoamines in the brain of male japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | changes in the levels of the brain catecholamines, norepinephrine (ne) and dopamine (da), were studied in the male japanese quail during maturation. in addition the neurotransmitter, serotonin (5ht), its precursor, tryptophan ( tryp ), and its metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5hiaa), were measured. birds were sampled at weekly intervals between the ages of 1 and 63 days of age. brains of the quail were dissected into cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum, and optic lo ... | 1984 | 6203106 |
| plasma constituents and body weights of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) selected for twelve generations for plasma cholesterol responses to adrenocorticotropin. | japanese quail were selected bidirectionally over 12 generations for plasma cholesterol (pc) responses to adrenocorticotropin (acth). in addition to the selected trait, plasma corticosteroids (pcs), triglycerides (pt), and glucose (pg) were measured before and after 3 daily injections of acth. the quail were also weighed at 31 days of age. by the 12th generation of selection, when measurements were expressed as deviations from the randombred control (c) line from which the selected lines had bee ... | 1984 | 6324155 |
| protein polymorphism in two populations of the wild quail coturnix coturnix japonica. | to evaluate genetic variability in two populations of the wild quail coturnix coturnix japonica, proteins and enzymes were examined by starch gel electrophoresis. rare variants so far not observed in domestic quail were found in the following five enzymes; aspartate aminotransferase, acid phosphatase, pancreatic esterase, isocitrate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase. the proportion of polymorphic loci (p poly) and the expected average heterozygosity (h) in one of the two populations were e ... | 1984 | 6742511 |
| body weight and composition of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) at sexual maturity. | the influence of dietary protein (26%, 24%, 20%, 16%, and 14%) and restricted feeding (100%, 80%, and 60% of ad libitum) on body weight and body composition of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) at sexual maturity was examined in two similar experiments. although less variable than chronological age, body weight at sexual maturity also differed significantly. in experiment 1, there were no significant differences in breast weight, tibia length or carcass fat due to diet. in experiment 2 ... | 1984 | 6724330 |
| binding of progesterone with the oviduct cytosol fraction of estrogen-primed quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | progesterone-specific binding components were detected in the cytosol fraction of enlarged oviducts from estrogen (diethylstilbestrol)-primed immature japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) females by several techniques using [3h]promegestone. the oviduct as a target tissue of progesterone is the most efficient in [3h]promegestone binding, and muscle and intestine as nontarget tissues and plasma are less efficient as expected. by using [3h]promegestone for binding, the possibility of blood ... | 1984 | 6538858 |
| sexual dimorphism in the hypothalamic metabolism of testosterone in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | | 1984 | 6396714 |
| fine structure of muscle spindles in the woodpecker (dendrocopus major) and quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | | 1984 | 6241388 |
| a golgi study on the neuronal morphology in the hypothalamus of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). i. tuberal and mammillary regions. | neuronal morphology and dendritic architecture of the tuberal and mammillary regions in the hypothalamus of the quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) were investigated by means of classical neuroanatomical methods (bodian silver impregnation, luxol-fast blue, cresyl violet, toluidine blue, rapid golgi method). the tuberal region is characterized by isodendritic neurons, in particular: a) pyriform and bipolar neurons, occasionally arranged diagonally to the ventricular surface; b) csf-contacting neu ... | 1984 | 6203645 |
| iron mobilization in estrogenized male quail. | a single diethylstilbestrol (des) injection (5 mg des/100 g body wt) was administrated to several lots (three specimens each) of adult male quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). the birds were sacrificed 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr after the des injection. a significant increase in liver weight and a clear drop in the hemoglobin concentration were observed after 24 hr. later, a progressive rise was observed in plasma iron, total iron binding capacity, plasma copper and the phosphoprotein (vitellogenin), ... | 1984 | 6147235 |
| histochemical analysis of liver cells from short term, aflatoxin-dosed and nondosed coturnix coturnix japonica. 1. aflatoxin-sensitive quail. | although aflatoxicosis in coturnix coturnix japonica has been described, the histochemical localization of liver chemicals and the occurrence of ingested aflatoxins within blood, feces, and liver have not been described. six to 8-week-old quail, which were intubated with a carrier with or without .3 mg mixed aflatoxins (afb1, afb2, afg1, afg2)/kg body weight were sacrificed within .25 to 5 days of intubation. deparaffinized sections of livers were stained for lipids, nucleic acids, polysaccharid ... | 1983 | 6669501 |
| normal egg hatchability requires the simultaneous administration to the hen of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and 24r,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. | a previous report [science 201, 835-837 (1978)] presented evidence that the combined and simultaneous administration of the cholecalciferol (d3) metabolites 1 alpha,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [1 alpha,25(oh)2d3] and 24r,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol [24r,25(oh)2d3] to white leghorn hens was necessary for embryo development and normal egg hatchability; in the absence of 24r,25(oh)2d3 none of the fertile eggs hatched. the present study extends this fundamental observation to a second species, the j ... | 1983 | 6606700 |
| testosterone metabolism in discrete areas of the hypothalamus and adjacent brain regions of male and female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the metabolism of testosterone in small regions of the hypothalamus was studied by an in vitro radioenzymatic assay in male and female japanese quail. 5 beta-reduction was the most important metabolic pathway. this enzymatic activity is not evenly distributed in the brain: it shows a rostral to caudal decrease. there is some suggestion that 5 beta-reduction could be more active in females than in males which could contribute to the behavioral dimorphism in this species. | 1983 | 6640325 |
| norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin in brain parts of female japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) as found by two dissimilar fluorometric procedures. | two dissimilar fluorometric procedures were used to compare norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin in the telencephalon, diencephalon, cerebellum, and brain stem of female japanese quail. amount of norepinephrine in the telencephalon and brain stem was similar using both procedures, but more norepinephrine was found in the cerebellum and diencephalon by the jacobowitz-richardson method compared to the anton-sayre method. serotonin could not be determined using the anton-sayre procedure but was ... | 1983 | 6657568 |
| reproduction in male japanese quail exposed to microwave radiation during embryogeny. | japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) embryos were exposed continuously to 2.45 ghz cw microwave radiation during the first 12 days of embryogenesis. the incident power density was 5 mw/cm2, and the specific absorption rate (sar) was 4.03 mw/g. at 23 weeks of age an assessment of the reproductive capacity of the males was performed. spermatozoal numbers and motility in semen samples which were collected manually were reduced significantly (p less than or equal to 0.01). however, spermatozo ... | 1983 | 6622655 |
| cpk accumulation in fusion-blocked quail myocytes. | the accumulation of creatine phosphokinase (cpk) activity during the development of quail (c. coturnix japonica) myoblasts in culture was determined under both fusion permissive and impermissive (low ca2+) conditions. when fusion is prevented by decreasing the [ca2+] of growth restrictive medium, accumulation is initiated at the same time, follows the same kinetics and attains the same steady-state level as that in muscle fibers which form in the same medium with the normal level of ca2+. indivi ... | 1983 | 6618005 |
| divergent selection for body weight and yolk precursor in coturnix coturnix japonica. 5. correlated responses in adult body weight, liver weight, ovarian follicle production, and carcass composition of laying hens. | laying female quail of five strains (r-1, randombred control; hp and lp, high or low concentration of egg yolk very low density lipoprotein (vldl) precursor in laying females: hw and lw, high or low 4-week body weight) were sampled after 120 days of egg production for body weight, liver weight, ovarian follicle production, and carcass composition. body weight change during the reproductive period was associated with starting body weight, but not with yolk vldl precursor (total plasma phosphorus) ... | 1983 | 6634615 |
| perceptual imprinting: genetic influences and genotype-environment interactions. | one-day-old visually naive and experienced quail chicks (c. coturnix japonica) were mass-screened for approach preferences by pairs of stimuli that were identical in size and luminance but different in color, or pattern, or both color and pattern. subjects were drawn from the 18th generation of quail lines that were bidirectionally selected for color preferences, and from an unselected genetic control line. experience consisted of 12 hr of unreinforced perceptual exposure to colored or white sti ... | 1983 | 6618015 |
| constitutional biases in early perceptual learning ii. visual preferences in artificially selected, visually naive and imprinted quail chicks (c. coturnix japonica). | approach choices were tested in genetically and environmentally manipulated quail chicks with pairs of stimuli identical in size and luminance but different in color, flicker, or both color and flicker. data indicated comparable flicker and vastly different color preferences in subjects that were bidirectionally selected for color choices. in the choices between composite stimuli, flicker effects dominated over color effects in genetic controls, and color effects over flicker effects in selected ... | 1983 | 6617151 |
| constitutional biases in early perceptual learning: i. preferences between colors, patterns, and composite stimuli of colors and patterns in genetically manipulated and imprinted quail chicks (c. coturnix japonica). | bidirectional genetic selection of quail for early color preferences, for eighteen generations, resulted in nearly perfect choices of blue over red in one and red over blue in the other selected line. it also enhanced the preference of a grated over a dotted black-and-white pattern. color and pattern preferences in hybrids of selected and control lines fell back to about halfway between parental values. choices between composite stimuli of colors and patterns indicated summation of the respectiv ... | 1983 | 6617150 |
| divergent selection for egg production in coturnix coturnix japonica. | from a randombred control population of coturnix coturnix japonica, strains were divergently selected for high (he) and low (le) 120-day egg production based on individual egg records. based on five generations of selection, realized heritabilities for he and le were .063 +/- .055 and .353 +/- .020, respectively. the total change in number of eggs was 3 and -19, respectively, in he and le. mortality to 4 weeks of age, 4-week body weight, egg weight, total plasma phosphorus (yolk precursor), live ... | 1983 | 6634594 |
| ultrastructural aspects of dental tissues and their behavior in xenoplastic association (lizard quail). | ultrastructural characteristics of tooth buds of the polyphyodont adult lizards liolaemus tenuis and liolaemus gravenhorsti have been elucidated. xenoplastic combinations of lizard whole tooth buds and neural crest cells from embryos of the quail coturnix coturnix japonica have been cultured in vitro. mesenchymal cells (preodontoblasts) of lizard teeth early develop filopodia that contact the basal lamina. fragments of quail neural crest isolated by dissection were recombined with isolated lizar ... | 1983 | 6887261 |
| the post-natal differentiation of sexual behaviour in the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | an experiment was carried out to study the contribution of endogenous steroids during postnatal life to the sexual differentiation in japanese quail. male and female quail were gonadectomized at one week of age and when adult received testosterone silastic capsules. seventy seven percent of these females showed male-type sexual behaviour and 46 percent even copulated. all males showed sexual behaviour including cloacal contact movements. males and females grew cloacal glands of nearly identical ... | 1983 | 24897321 |
| experimental analysis of control mechanisms in somite segmentation in avian embryos. i. reduction of material at the blastula stage in coturnix coturnix japonica. | the blastulae of unincubated eggs of the quail, coturnix coturnix japonica, have been bisected in ovo, using the technique of lutz (1949). some embryos were harvested after 24 h and found to possess two primitive streaks. most were fixed at 48 h or 72 h. some were found to have regulated to form almost normal single axes, whilst others had developed into duplicitas anterior embryos, separate twins or collided axes. all three types of twinned embryos were smaller than the control embryos. the num ... | 1983 | 6684143 |
| a new mutant of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) characterized by generalized glycogenosis. | a flock of japanese quail with generalized glycogenosis has been established. affected quail showed difficulty in raising their wings. excessive accumulation of glycogen was seen in the liver, heart, skeletal muscle and brain, apparently due to decreased acid maltase activity. the condition appeared between 2 and 12 weeks of age and tissue deposition of glycogen increased with age. the growth of affected quail was normal and there were no deaths from the condition. although genetic analysis has ... | 1983 | 6575219 |
| [ca-p interaction at the nutritional and bone levels in male quail (coturnix coturnix japonica)]. | five experiments were conducted in which various levels of calcium (ca) and phosphorus (p) were fed to adult male quail (diets d-1: ca = 1.54%, p = 0.80%; d-2: ca = 3.20%, p = 0.81%; d-3: ca = 1.57%, p = 1.66%; d-4: ca = 3.40%, p = 1.71%; d-5: ca - 2.20%, p = 0.81%). the interaction between ca and p, and the effect on some nutritive hematic and osseous parameters were investigated for each diet. feeding high p caused a body weight decrease in d-4 adult quail (p less than 0.05) and diminished foo ... | 1983 | 6867439 |
| cytoarchitecture and visual receptive neurons in the wulst of the japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica). | the cellular organization of the wulst was studied in nissl- and golgi-stained brain sections in order to identify the visual receptive neurons. golgi-impregnated neurons were divided into four types according to their soma size, dendritic configuration, and density of spine distribution. type i neurons, the largest cells in the wulst, have long, straight dendrites with many spines. type ii neurons are medium-sized cells with long, straight dendrites. these dendrites have numerous spines. type i ... | 1983 | 6302136 |
| [topography of the quail retina]. | retinas of quails (coturnix coturnix japonica) were studied by light microscopy. by this, an area centralis with high cell density could be demonstrated. moreover, in the posterior-superior retina there exists a region of moderate cell density containing a central red field with a high concentration of cones with red oil droplets. the results suggest the quail to be able to fix objects lateral to its head and in front of its bill in direction of picking. | 1983 | 6673390 |
| changes in glucose and lipid metabolism in starved or starved-refed japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) in relation to fine structure of liver cells. | 1. metabolic response of adult quail to fasting or refeeding was studied by measuring the main blood and hepatic metabolites. moreover, the fine structure of hepatocytes in these physiological conditions was described. 2. starvation or refeeding did not affect glycemia in male as in female quails. 3. fasting had no effect on plasma free fatty acids in female quails, whereas plasma triglycerides were markedly decreased. 4. in fasted quails, there was an active ketogenesis with a high 3-hydroxybut ... | 1983 | 6132730 |
| separation of serum lipoproteins of japanese quail by disc polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and single discontinuous density gradient ultracentrifugation. | a method based on disc polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (disc page) for the separation of serum lipoproteins of japanese quail (coturnix coturnix japonica) prestained with sudan black b is described and evaluated. good separation was obtained by using 3% separating gel and decreasing the concentration of buffer solution a used for preparation of separating gel solution to one-half that recommended by narayan (1975). best resolution of the high density lipoproteins was achieved by using 7 to 10 ... | 1982 | 7163117 |