| [sepsis and spondylodiscitis caused by salmonella enteritidis]. | four weeks after an attack of bronchopneumonia a 59-year-old veterinary surgeon developed backache. the chest radiograph showed an impression fracture of the 11th thoracic vertebra. persisting fever led to hospitalization. several blood cultures grew salmonella enteritidis. computed tomography demonstrated a fracture of the 11th thoracic vertebra with osteolytic infiltration and paravertebral soft-tissue infiltration. bone scan showed band-like contrast enhancement in the same area. treatment at ... | 1993 | 8269829 |
| [a study on the bactericidal activity of povidone-iodine in the synthetic mediums]. | to evaluate the bactericidal activity of povidone-iodine (pvi), synthetic mediums without the protein components were prepared. the stability of the available iodine in the synthetic mediums was compared with that in heart infusion broth (hib; natural broth). the available iodine was remarkably decreased soon after addition of pvi in the hib, but it was stable for 24 hr in the synthetic mediums. the growth of escherichia coli and salmonella enteritidis were found to be normal in the synthetic me ... | 1993 | 8270796 |
| outbreak of gastroenteritis due to salmonella enteritidis from locally produced grade a eggs, south carolina. | recent investigations of outbreaks of salmonella enteritidis gastroenteritis among humans, especially in the northeastern united states, implicate grade a shell chicken eggs as the likely vehicle of transmission. in april 1991 we investigated an outbreak of s enteritidis infections after a wedding anniversary celebration in beaufort, south carolina. sixty-eight percent of persons who ate a macaroni and cheese dish, but none of the 16 attendees who did not, became ill (p < .001). the chef used si ... | 1993 | 8272910 |
| complement and tumor necrosis factor-alpha contribute to mac-1 (cd11b/cd18) up-regulation and systemic neutrophil activation during endotoxemia in vivo. | the increased expression of mac-1 (cd11b/cd18) adhesion glycoproteins on neutrophils was studied using flow cytometry in male fischer 344 rats treated with 5 mg/kg salmonella enteritidis endotoxin. a rapid and sustained threefold increase of mac-1 expression was observed after endotoxin injection. inhibition of complement activation with the soluble complement receptor type 1 (scr1) completely suppressed the initial up-regulation of mac-1 (< or = 15 min) but did not prevent the activation during ... | 1994 | 8283134 |
| modulation of cell surface antigens and regulation of phagocytic activity mediated by cd11b in the monocyte-like cell line u937 in response to lipopolysaccharide. | modulation of the cellular antigens and regulation of the phagocytic activity of the monocyte-like cell line u937 after culture with lipopolysaccharide (lps) were investigated. cd14 expression was induced on the surface of the u937 cells after 48 h of culture with lps and then they became adhesive with numerous filamentous filopodia extruded on the cell surface, exhibiting the enhanced expression of cd16 and cd23, the activation cell surface markers for differentiation into macrophage. however, ... | 1993 | 8284785 |
| role of intrapreoptic norepinephrine in endotoxin-induced fever in guinea pigs. | the peripheral administration of pyrogens has been shown previously to affect the activity of central noradrenergic neurons, but the effects have been variable and no consensus has emerged regarding their functional significance. because norepinephrine (ne) microdialyzed into the preoptic area (po) of the anterior hypothalamus of conscious guinea pigs is hypothermizing, the possibility was investigated whether ne might be a febrilytic rather than a febrigenic mediator. intravenous injections of ... | 1993 | 8285279 |
| bacterial pericarditis caused by salmonella enteritidis phage type 1. | | 1993 | 8288415 |
| endotoxin-induced pulmonary leukostasis in the rat: role of platelet-activating factor and tumor necrosis factor. | injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) into experimental animals induces septic shock associated with the release of tumor necrosis factor (tnf) and platelet-activating factor (paf). because both tnf and paf stimulate neutrophil adhesion to endothelial cells in vitro, and because neutrophils are important effector cells in sepsis-induced lung vascular injury, the role of tnf and paf in lps-induced lung neutrophil sequestration was investigated. lung myeloperoxidase (mpo) activity was me ... | 1994 | 8288963 |
| beta-galactosidase activity in bacteria measured by flow cytometry. | | 1993 | 8292348 |
| noti macrorestriction analysis suggests a clonal relationship of salmonella enterica, ser. enteritidis phage lysotype 4 strains. | 30 different strains of salmonella enterica ser. enteritidis (s. enteritidis) isolated at the institute for medical microbiology, hannover, were subjected to a noti macrorestriction analysis. the results were compared with the respective phage lysis patterns. 25 of 30 isolates belonged to phage lysotype 4; all these strains displayed an identical genomic noti restriction fragment pattern. in contrast, five isolates of other phage lysotypes revealed more or less prominent differences in their not ... | 1993 | 8300252 |
| treatment of complicated congenital splenic cysts. | although rare in occurrence, the potential for congenital splenic cysts to enlarge, rupture, or become infected has been well documented. presented is the case of a 13-year-old boy with an infected epidermoid cyst of the spleen, which presented as a solitary splenic abscess. the entity has traditionally been treated by splenectomy or, more recently, percutaneous drainage. however, given the inability of percutaneous drainage or sclerotherapy to permanently obliterate congenital splenic cysts, th ... | 1993 | 8301518 |
| [reaferon ++ and antioxidants effectiveness in chronic salmonellosis and bacteria carrier state]. | | 1993 | 8301988 |
| [restriction analysis of chromosomal dna from strains of salmonella enteritidis]. | restriction analysis of the chromosomal dna from 17 salmonella enteritidis strains isolated in moscow and novomoskovsk (tula region) during epidemics and sporadically has been undertaken. restriction profiles of the studied strains divide them into five groups differing in physical structure of chromosomal dna which is expressed in the presence of supplementary and more intensively stained dna fragments, possibly, amplified. restriction analysis is hindered by the presence of plasmids in the str ... | 1993 | 8302315 |
| [yield of detection of clostridium difficile toxin versus stool culture in the study of nosocomial diarrhea]. | the aim of the study was to determine whether the detection of clostridium difficile toxin in stools may be more profitable than conventional stool cultures for the etiologic study of nosocomial diarrhea and to analyze what risk factors favor the development of nosocomial diarrhea by c. difficile. | 1993 | 8305554 |
| parallel comparison of accuracy of api 20e, vitek gni, microscan walk/away rapid id, and becton dickinson cobas micro id-e/nf for identification of members of the family enterobacteriaceae and common gram-negative, non-glucose-fermenting bacilli. | we compared the api 20e (21 h) (api; biomérieux vitek, hazelwood, mo.), the vitek gni card (4 to 18 h) (vitek; biomérieux vitek), the identification portion of the microscan walk/away rapid neg combo 3 panel (2 h) (w/a; baxter diagnostics, inc., west sacramento, calif.), and the becton dickinson cobas micro id-e/nf rotor (21 h) (cobas; becton dickinson diagnostic instrument systems, sparks, md.), versus conventional biochemicals for their abilities to identify accurately 252 strains of biochemic ... | 1993 | 8308108 |
| [a case of salmonella osteomyelitis of the rib]. | salmonella osteomyelitis is a rare disease occurring at a frequency of less than 1% of all cases of osteomyelitis, we report a case of salmonella osteomyelitis of the rib, which was hard to differentiate from chest wall tumor. a 40-year-old man without gastrointestinal symptoms was admitted to our hospital for swelling of the right mammary region. it was suggestive of inflammatory pseudotumor because the swelling diminished, and we could not establish a diagnosis of abscess by scintigraphy with ... | 1994 | 8308365 |
| salmonella enteritidis immune leukocyte-stimulated soluble factors: effects on increased resistance to salmonella organ invasion in day-old leghorn chicks. | cytokines, derived from either concanavalin a-stimulated salmonella enteritidis-immune chicken t lymphocytes [se-immune lymphocyte stimulated soluble factor (lssf)] or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated se-immune chicken macrophages [se-immune macrophage stimulated soluble factor (mssf)], were evaluated for their ability to increase resistance to se organ invasion in day-old leghorn chicks. in trial 1, day of hatch chicks were injected i.p. with either se-immune lssf or se-nonimmune lssf (control). i ... | 1993 | 8309875 |
| bacteriological, serological, histological and immunohistochemical findings in laying hens with naturally acquired salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 infection. | salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 was isolated from the reproductive tract of 10 (27 per cent) of 37 laying hens from three small flocks with a naturally acquired infection. the rapid slide agglutination test with salmonella pullorum-antigen was positive in 24 (64.9 per cent) of the 37 hens including the six hens in which the ovary was colonised and the 10 in which the oviduct was colonised. by immunohistochemical labelling s enteritidis was demonstrated in seven of eight culture-positive hens ... | 1993 | 8310606 |
| [a case of solitary splenic abscess caused by salmonella enteritidis and cured completely by antibiotic therapy alone]. | solitary splenic abscess is a rare disease and usually treated with splenectomy. a 78-year-old female with diabetes mellitus and liver cirrhosis was admitted to our hospital in a state of fever and left hypochondralgia. the abdominal ultrasonogram and ct scan showed the splenomegaly and one abnormal mass in the spleen. drainage under sonographic guidance was attempted to the splenic mass but only a little amount of aspiration fluid was obtained, from which salmonella enteritidis was detected. no ... | 1993 | 8315305 |
| altered membrane fluidity in rat hepatocytes during endotoxic shock. | steady-state fluorescence anisotropy measurements of the fluorescent hydrocarbon probe 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,4-hexatriene (dph) were carried out in isolated hepatocytes of saline control and salmonella enteritidis endotoxin (20 mg/kg) injected rats. statistically significant differences were observed in the fluorescent anisotropy (rs) and membrane microviscosity (eta) values of control (rs = 0.107 +/- 0.004 (sem), eta = 0.98 +/- 0.08, n +/- 6) versus endotoxin injected rat hepatocytes (rs = 0.134 +/- ... | 1993 | 8316231 |
| [acute non-lithiasic cholecystitis caused by salmonella enteritidis in aids]. | | 1993 | 8316538 |
| research to understand and control salmonella enteritidis in chickens and eggs. | when it became evident that the association of human salmonella enteritidis (se) outbreaks with the consumption of contaminated grade a eggs posed a threat to public health and to the economic viability of the egg industry, research programs were rapidly initiated to investigate the many unanswered questions about se in eggs and chickens. research efforts have focused on the dynamics of deposition, survival, and growth of se in eggs, the pathogenesis of se in chickens, strategies for detecting s ... | 1993 | 8321820 |
| despite intensive efforts, egg-related salmonellosis outbreaks continue. | reports of gastrointestinal disease, traced to bacterial contamination of foods, have recently increased in number and scope. escherichia coli, a variety of salmonella species and other bacterial pathogens have been isolated in many diagnoses in various parts of the country. food trace-backs have implicated a variety of uncooked, cooked and under-cooked food sources, including cantaloupes, apple cider, ground beef, cow's milk, poultry products and even fresh, shell-in-tact table eggs. this repor ... | 1993 | 8332888 |
| evaluation of an outbreak of foodborne illness initiated in the emergency department. | for many foodborne outbreaks, the pathogen and food vehicle never are identified. delayed collection of epidemiologic and microbiologic information may contribute to this. we postulated that collection of this information from ill persons as they presented to the emergency department during a recent outbreak might contribute to earlier identification of the pathogen and vehicle. | 1993 | 8333630 |
| [problems of excretors on the future of public health]. | analyses of 216.000 fecal specimens performed in the lga baden-württemberg in 1991 showed results that allow a survey of salmonella carriers in the frg. following facts could be obtained: 0.36% salmonella positive findings in persons who intended to start their occupation in a food processing plant. the proportion of carriers increased in summer up to 0.67%. there was a change from s. typhymurium to s. enteritidis since 1980. the trend of increasing isolation rates of s. enteritidis is obvious: ... | 1993 | 8333898 |
| salmonella enteritis: a cause for ascites. | a differential diagnosis of ascites includes many different entities, both benign and malignant. however, no cases of salmonella enteritis or other infectious enteritis-causing ascites have previously been described. we present the case of a 21-yr-old female admitted with abdominal pain and diarrhea caused by salmonella enteritis. an abdominal and pelvic sonogram revealed a moderate amount of free fluid in the pelvis. we conclude that salmonella enteritis is in fact a potential cause of free int ... | 1993 | 8338100 |
| erythema nodosum and arthritis with salmonella enteritidis enteritis. | | 1993 | 8338761 |
| expression of a new porin 'ompe' by strains of salmonella enteritidis. | strains of salmonella enteritidis expressed a novel porin with a subunit size of 35.5 kda as shown by sds-page. this protein was expressed as a major outer membrane protein (momp) when grown on nutrient agar, mcconkey agar or blood agar, or in tris-succinate medium; but was only produced in trace amounts when strains were grown in nutrient broth. this omp was produced by all strains of s. enteritidis examined, regardless of phage type, and expression was not related to the possession of a 38-mda ... | 1993 | 8339910 |
| characterization of a small cryptic plasmid from salmonella enteritidis that affects the growth of escherichia coli. | we examined the plasmid content of 25 clinical isolates of salmonella enteritidis, and detected the presence of small plasmids (3-5.3 kb) in 9 of them, alone, or in addition to the large, so-called virulence plasmid. a 5.3-kb plasmid isolated as unique extrachromosomal dna from a strain responsible for a high-mortality outbreak was characterized by restriction mapping and cloning. the plasmid replicon was localized in a 1.7-kb fragment, that hybridized with three of the small plasmids detected i ... | 1993 | 8339914 |
| genomic mapping with i-ceu i, an intron-encoded endonuclease specific for genes for ribosomal rna, in salmonella spp., escherichia coli, and other bacteria. | construction of physical maps of genomes by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis requires enzymes which cut the genome into an analyzable number of fragments; most produce too many fragments. the enzyme i-ceu i, encoded by a mobile intron in the chloroplast 23s ribosomal rna (rrl) gene of chlamydomonas eugametos, cuts a 26-bp site in the rrl gene. this enzyme digests dna of salmonella typhimurium at seven sites, each corresponding to one of the rrl genes of the rrn operons, but at no other site. the ... | 1993 | 8341713 |
| [salmonella osteomyelitis in a 9-month-old infant]. | the authors describe a case of salmonella pyarthritis with subsequent osteomyelitis caused by salmonella enteritidis in a 9-month-old infant. the strain was isolated from punctate drawn from the knee joint. | 1993 | 8348627 |
| interrelationships between strains of salmonella enteritidis. | in contrast to s. typhimurium [19], s. enteritidis is a serotype which has its primary food-animal reservoir in poultry. to date, phage typing has been of paramount importance in studying the epidemiology of this serotype and in particular, has demonstrated the involvement of both poultry meat and whole shell eggs in the transmission of s. enteritidis pt4 to humans. the findings discussed above describe various aspects of the serotype, particularly in relation to the involvement of both lps and ... | 1993 | 8348924 |
| [increase in infections caused by salmonella enteritidis--causes and possibilities for intervention]. | recently published data document a worldwide increase of infections of humans and of food contamination by salmonella enteritidis (se). the results of our own analyses of animal foods reflect this general trend and indicate a clonal spreading of se phage type (pt) 4 in animal foods in northern bavaria. in humans se pt 4 shows high invasivity and virulence. in poultry an adaption of certain se phage types is supposed to have taken place. those types cause infections of poultry flocks without visi ... | 1993 | 8358185 |
| characterization of salmonella enteritidis strains. | a study was conducted to characterize 318 salmonella enteritidis strains that were mainly isolated from poultry and their environment in canada. biotype, phagetype (pt), plasmid profile (pp), hybridization with a plasmid-derived virulence sequence probe, antibiotic resistance, outer membrane proteins (omps), and lipopolysaccharide (lps) profiles were determined. relationships of these properties to one another, and their diagnostic and pathogenic significance were assessed. biotyping indicated t ... | 1993 | 8358678 |
| effect of induced molting on the susceptibility of white leghorn hens to a salmonella enteritidis infection. | older white leghorn hens (more than 52 weeks old) were induced to molt using a 14-day feed-removal protocol. on day 4 of feed removal, groups of hens were infected with varying 10-fold dilutions of salmonella enteritidis, and these hens were examined for s. enteritidis intestinal shedding 7 days later. molting hens infected with a 10(-2) dilution of s. enteritidis shed 3-4 logs more of the organism at 7 days postinfection than the unmolted group receiving a similar dose. the mean infectious dose ... | 1993 | 8363506 |
| monoclonal antibody-based detection system for salmonella enteritidis. | two monoclonal antibodies that react with salmonella enteritidis in chicken tissue, eggs, and environmental samples were used to develop a rapid enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) screen and agglutination assay for the specific detection of s. enteritidis. s. enteritidis was detected in 100% of egg samples and 99.8% of various field and research samples by both elisa and traditional microbiological isolation and identification techniques. results of titer experiments indicate that as few ... | 1993 | 8363514 |
| interrelationships between strains of salmonella enteritidis belonging to phage types 4, 7, 7a, 8, 13, 13a, 23, 24 and 30. | salmonella enteritidis strain p278849 expressed long-chain lipopolysaccharide (lps, termed 'smooth'), carried plasmids of 38, 34 (pdep 44, incompatibility group n, r-type as), 2.0 and 1 mda, and belonged to phage type (pt) 23. introduction of pdep 44 into a smooth strain of salm. enteritidis pt 4 produced a smooth strain of salm. enteritidis of pt 24. transfer of this plasmid into a strain of pt 8 also resulted in formation of a smooth strain of salm. enteritidis of pt 24. moving pdep 44 into st ... | 1993 | 8365953 |
| [bacterial ascites caused by salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype indiana]. | | 1993 | 8368710 |
| salmonella enteritidis urinary infection associated with polycystic renal disease. | extraintestinal infection from non-typhoidal salmonellae is uncommon and infection in the urine is particularly rare. we report a patient with polycystic renal disease and diabetes mellitus who developed a urinary infection due to salmonella enteritidis following presumed enteric infection. isotope white cell scanning demonstrated active infection in the left kidney. | 1993 | 8370950 |
| cloning, dna nucleotide sequence and distribution of the gene encoding the sef14 fimbrial antigen of salmonella enteritidis. | monoclonal antibody 69/25, specific for the salmonella enteritidis fimbrial antigen (sef14), was used to screen a puc-based s. enteritidis gene library and a positive clone was identified. subcloning experiments demonstrated that a 584 bp drai dna fragment was the minimal chromosomal segment capable of directing sef14 antigen expression. western blotting of escherichia coli recombinants identified a gene product of m(r) 16000 as a precursor to the m(r) 14300 mature fimbrial subunit protein. the ... | 1993 | 8371111 |
| [erythema nodosum after salmonella gastroenteritis]. | the author describes a case of erythema nodosum which developed after salmonella gastroenteritis in a 7,5-year-old boy. other known causes of this skin lesion are discussed. | 1993 | 8374965 |
| [molecular biological basis for the virulence of salmonellae and the new detection methods resulting from it]. | molecular biological investigations on salmonella isolates allowed the definition of several fundamental mechanisms of pathogenicity. they affect the confrontation of the pathogen with host defence mechanisms and colonization of the gut and other organs. practical implications stem from the observation that especially the virulence plasmid carrying serotypes are able to cause systemic infections. among them are the epidemiological relevant serotypes s. enteritidis and s. typhimurium. our underst ... | 1993 | 8375316 |
| [occurrence of salmonella enteritis in humans]. | this paper describes results of the epidemiological analysis of the occurrence of enteritis-salmonellae in germany. the incidence rate 1980-1992 of both parts of germany is compared with the rates 1988-1992 in the several counties. the described percent distribution in the age groups and the age specific incidence allow important epidemiological advice. on the strength of longtime-surveillance of salmonella infections it is possible to recognize the epidemiological significance of specified salm ... | 1993 | 8375317 |
| [occurrence of enteritis-causing salmonellae in food and in domestic animals in 1991]. | the control of salmonellae in foods and animals in germany, 1991, is based on voluntary contributions of veterinary institutions, e. g. governmental investigation centres, universities, agricultural institutions and slaughter-house laboratories. the results of questionnaire-based evaluations are presented (s. a. hartung, 1993 a). also reported were 101 outbreaks involving 2272 cases of salmonellosis (fig. 1), of which 92% were caused by s. enteritidis. 46% of the cases were caused by egg and egg ... | 1993 | 8375318 |
| [salmonella in animal feed]. | a review on the occurrence of salmonella in feed of animal origin is presented. as a main result, the predominating serovars in recent epidemic situation, s. typhimurium and s. enteritidis, are rarely found in animal feed. concerning human salmonellosis, this is a fact of particular epidemiological importance. | 1993 | 8375319 |
| [pathogenesis of salmonella infections in humans]. | the public health laboratories in germany have not only been isolating salmonella species in general in increasing numbers during the last three years but observe especially a steep increase in the isolation rate of s. enteritidis. epidemiological analyses indicate the involvement of chicken and eggs as frequent sources of the infectious agents. although the clinical course of the disease in most cases is characterized by diarrhoea only, enteric fever and bacteremia do occur rather often. the la ... | 1993 | 8375324 |
| [control strategies against salmonella infections in poultry raising at the european economic community level--translation of the so-called economic community zoonoses guideline]. | since at the end of the eighties there were reports on an increased occurrence in great britain of salmonella enteritidis infections in human beings which were predominantly caused by raw egg dishes, the commission of the eec also started activities designed as a protection against such an obvious new dimension of salmonella infections. mainly prompted by british activities, the commission of the eec elaborated a proposal for a zoonosis directive of the eec. this proposal was intended to provide ... | 1993 | 8375328 |
| research note: evaluation of direct plating for detecting salmonella enteritidis in pools of egg contents. | the effectiveness of direct plating of incubated egg contents pools onto selective agar media for detecting contamination by salmonella enteritidis (se) was evaluated in comparison to several broth enrichment strategies. pools of mixed liquid whole egg were inoculated with very small number of se cells, incubated for 4 days at 25 c, and sampled by direct plating or both enrichment culture. methods involving broth nonselective (pre-enrichment) and selective broth culture steps detected a signific ... | 1993 | 8378228 |
| evaluation of a commercial dna purification system for plasmid analysis of nosocomial bacterial pathogens. | this study evaluated the promega magic minipreps (mm) (promega corporation, madison, wi) dna purification system for use in plasmid analysis of common nosocomial bacterial pathogens. the mm system is a kit that includes lysis solutions and buffers and incorporates a minicolumn of dna binding resin for recovery of plasmid dna. the mm system was used according to the manufacturer's directions to recover plasmids for agarose gel electrophoresis from clinical isolates of acinetobacter calcoaceticus, ... | 1993 | 8379541 |
| salmonella mediastinal abscess. | salmonella is a rare cause of a mediastinal infection. this report describes the 14-year natural history of a mediastinal mass with eventual abscess formation. computed tomography provided excellent visualization, and surgical drainage afforded prompt diagnosis and treatment. | 1993 | 8379732 |
| chemiluminescent detection of infectious bursal disease virus with a pcr-generated nonradiolabeled probe. | a polymerase chain reaction (pcr)-generated digoxigenin-labeled nonradioactive oligonucleotide probe was developed and utilized in slot-blot hybridization coupled with chemiluminescence for the detection of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). the probe was prepared from the rna of the standard challenge strain (stc) of ibdv serotype 1 by reverse transcription followed by 2 pcr amplifications with 2 separate sets of primers. rna of stc viruses prepared from bursae infected with stc viruses wa ... | 1993 | 8389597 |
| endotoxin priming followed by high altitude causes pulmonary edema in rats. | rapid ascent to high altitude may be associated with the development of high-altitude pulmonary edema (hape) in susceptible individuals. because lung lavage fluid obtained from such patients can be rich in protein and neutrophils, we considered that an element of lung injury and inflammation contributed to the pathogenesis of some forms of hape. on the basis of such a likely contribution of inflammatory mechanisms, we induced pulmonary lung injury and inflammation by priming rats with salmonella ... | 1993 | 8390437 |
| pathogens and predictors of fatal septicemia associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection in ivory coast, west africa. | in east africa, bacteremia is more common in hospitalized human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) type 1-positive than -negative patients. in 1991, blood cultures and clinical and laboratory data were obtained from 319 patients in ivory coast, where both hiv-1 and -2 infections occur. forty-three bacterial, 10 mycobacterial, and 8 fungal pathogens were isolated from blood of 54 patients (17%). pathogens isolated significantly (p < or = .05) more frequently from hiv-positive than -negative patients we ... | 1993 | 8394859 |
| acute tubular necrosis due to rhabdomyolysis and pancreatitis associated with salmonella enteritidis food poisoning. | | 1993 | 8396755 |
| long-term shedding of salmonella enteritidis in chickens which received a contact exposure within 24 hrs of hatching. | rifampicin-resistant mutant of salmonella enteritidis was used for the experiment of long-term excretion in chickens. thirty-five specific pathogen free chicks within 24 hrs of hatching were placed in contact with 18 chicks inoculated orally with 4 x 10(2) cfu of s. enteritidis hy-1 rif within 12 hrs of hatching. after 7 weeks of the contact exposure, samples of cecal droppings were examined for the isolation of s. enteritidis weekly or biweekly. twenty-five out of 35 chicks (71%) survived. s. e ... | 1993 | 8399748 |
| differential persistence, immunogenicity and protective capacity of temperature-sensitive mutants of salmonella enteritidis after oral or intragastric administration to mice. | the persistence of salmonella enteritidis temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants of different phenotypes in peyer's patches (pp) and the spleen, and their immunogenicity after intragastric (i.g.) and peroral (p.o.) administration to mice was investigated. after p.o. administration the ts mutant c/2/2 colonized pp, but was not recovered from the spleen. after i.g. administration the ts mutant e/1/3 colonized both the spleen and pp for at least 2 weeks. mutant c/2/2 persisted in pp up to 8 days but wa ... | 1993 | 8401428 |
| a comparison of multiple drug resistance in salmonellas from humans and food animals in england and wales, 1981 and 1990. | for salmonella typhimurium from humans in england and wales, the incidence of multiple resistance more than doubled over the 8-year period 1981-8 and, over the next 2 years, increased by a further 7%. from 1981 to 1988 both resistance and multiple resistance also increased significantly in s. virchow and although multiple resistance did not increase over the next 2 years, the overall incidence of resistance has continued to rise. in 1990 the majority of s. typhimurium from cattle were multiply-r ... | 1993 | 8405147 |
| variations in biochemical phenotypes and phage types of salmonella enteritidis in germany 1980-92. | the phene plate system for typing salmonella serotypes (php-s) is a simple automated typing method based on biochemical fingerprinting. it gives a quantitative value of the metabolism of various substrates by measuring the speed and intensity of each reaction. the 'biochemical fingerprint' of each isolate is used to calculate similarities among the tested strains with a personal computer program. we used this system to examine a collection of 86 strains of salmonella enteritidis isolated from hu ... | 1993 | 8405148 |
| egg age and the growth of salmonella enteritidis pt4 in egg contents. | the growth of salmonella enteritidis pt4 in albumen around an intact yolk was governed by the age of the egg on inoculation. in the majority of eggs, held at 20 degrees c, the bacterium was unable to grow rapidly until eggs had been stored for approximately 3 weeks. the multiplication of s. enteritidis in stored eggs appeared to be associated with alterations to the yolk membrane which allowed the bacterium to either invade the yolk or obtain nutrients from it. the rate at which egg contents cha ... | 1993 | 8405149 |
| from the centers for disease control and prevention. outbreaks of salmonella enteritidis gastroenteritis--california, 1993. | | 1993 | 8411589 |
| regulation of the ansb gene of salmonella enterica. | the expression of l-asparaginase ii (encoded by ansb) in salmonella enterica was found to be positively regulated by the camp receptor protein (crp) and anaerobiosis. the anaerobic regulation of the s. enterica ansb gene is not mediated by the anaerobic transcriptional activator fnr. this is unlike the situation of the ansb gene of escherichia coli, which is dependent on both crp and fnr. to investigate this fundamental difference in the regulation of l-asparaginase ii expression in s. enterica, ... | 1993 | 8412661 |
| outbreaks of salmonella enteritidis gastroenteritis--california, 1993. | foodborne infections cause an estimated 6.5 million cases of human illness and 9000 deaths annually in the united states. salmonella is the most commonly reported cause of foodborne outbreaks, accounting for 28% of such outbreaks of known etiology and 45% of outbreak-associated cases during 1973-1987. during 1985-1992, state and territorial health departments reported 437 salmonella enteritidis (se) outbreaks (table 1), which accounted for 15,162 cases of illness, 1734 hospitalizations, and 53 d ... | 1993 | 8413165 |
| the effect of 5-fluorouracil treatment of chicks: a cell depletion model for the study of avian polymorphonuclear leukocytes and natural host defenses. | two-week-old leghorn chicks injected intravenously with 5-fluorouracil (5-fu) were found to have a three- to fivefold reduction (p < .05) in circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes (pmn) 5 to 10 days later. the reduction in pmn was dose-dependent with a dosage of 200 mg/kg body weight of 5-fu, causing suppression of pmn to almost undetectable levels. increasing the dosage of 5-fu to 400 mg/kg had no further effect on reducing the number of pmn in the circulation nor were overt clinical signs of ... | 1993 | 8415360 |
| [salmonella enteritidis infection with dilatation of the bile ducts]. | | 1993 | 8415491 |
| role of egg consumption in sporadic salmonella enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium infections in minnesota. | the incidence of salmonella enteritidis infections has increased in the eastern united states, and consumption of undercooked eggs has been associated with outbreaks of s. enteritidis. in minnesota, the incidence of s. enteritidis infections doubled from 1980 to 1990; however, no egg-associated outbreaks were identified. a case-control study was conducted to examine potential exposures for s. enteritidis and salmonella typhimurium infections in minnesota adults. sporadic cases of s. enteritidis ... | 1993 | 8418156 |
| salmonella bacteraemia occurring concurrently with the first presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus. | there is increasing recognition of the association between salmonella infections and systemic lupus erythematosus (sle). however, these infections have usually occurred in patients with established sle who were receiving immunosuppressive therapy. we describe two young women with previously undiagnosed sle who developed salmonella bacteraemia. neither of these patients had received immunosuppressive drugs. from these and two previously reported patients, it may be concluded that sle per se is li ... | 1993 | 8422563 |
| [lethal salmonella enteritidis meningoencephalitis in an adult with a carcinoma of an unknown primary site]. | a 71-year-old man with an aortobifemoral bypass graft had experienced several episodes of severe pain in the thoracic and lumbar spine, followed by severe abdominal pain, during the preceding two weeks. physical examination, chest x-ray, ultrasonography and computed tomography of the abdomen provided no specific pointers to a diagnosis. he was anaemic (haemoglobin 95 g/l), but had a normal wbc count with neutrophilia (up to 91%) and thrombocytopenia (up to 24,000/microliters). the transaminase a ... | 1993 | 8425458 |
| protective capacity of a temperature-sensitive mutant of salmonella enteritidis after oral and intragastric inoculation in a murine model. | temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant e/1/3 of salmonella enteritidis was selected to evaluate its capacity to induce protective responses after peroral (p.o.) or intragastric (i.g.) inoculation to mice. this ts mutant of coasting phenotype was detected in peyer's patches until day 4, and in spleen by days 3 and 4 after the mice were inoculated by the p.o. route with 10(10) colony forming units. peroral immunization induced significant protection from oral challenge with 240 ld50 of the wild-type (w ... | 1993 | 8427033 |
| a comparison of salmonella enteritidis phage types from egg-associated outbreaks and implicated laying flocks. | infections due to salmonella enteritidis are increasing worldwide. in the united states, between 1985 and 1989, 78% of the s. enteritidis outbreaks in which a food vehicle was identified implicated a food containing raw or lightly cooked shell eggs. under a us department of agriculture regulation published in 1990, eggs implicated in human food-borne s. enteritidis outbreaks were traced back to the source flock. the flock environment and the internal organs of a sample of hens were tested for s. ... | 1993 | 8432319 |
| iron restriction and the growth of salmonella enteritidis. | strains of salmonella enteritidis were examined for their ability to remove ferric-ions from the iron chelating agents ovotransferrin, desferal and edda. growth of s. enteritidis phage type (pt) 4 (se4) in trypticase soy broth containing ovotransferrin resulted in the expression of iron regulated outer membrane proteins (omps) of 74, 78 and 81 kda, and unexpectedly the repression of expression of omp c. the 38 mda 'mouse virulence' plasmid was not required for the expression of the iron-regulate ... | 1993 | 8432322 |
| salmonella enteritidis outbreak in a restaurant chain: the continuing challenges of prevention. | in 1990, a salmonella enteritidis (se) outbreak occurred in a restaurant chain in pennsylvania. to determine its cause(s), we conducted a case-control study and a cohort study at one restaurant, and a survey of restaurants. egg dishes were associated with illness (p = 0.03). guests from one hotel eating at the restaurant had a diarrhoeal attack rate of 14%, 4.7-fold higher than among those not eating there (p = 0.04). there were no differences in egg handling between affected and unaffected rest ... | 1993 | 8432323 |
| disseminated intravascular coagulopathy due to salmonellosis precipitated by blunt trauma. | we have reported an unusual cause of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (dic) in a patient with multiple injuries from blunt trauma. the source of continued hemorrhage remained elusive despite laparotomy and thoracotomy. bleeding appeared to resolve only after discovery and treatment of infection due to salmonella enteritidis, which the patient had contracted during a recent trip to mexico. | 1993 | 8434297 |
| salmonella aortitis. a report of a successfully treated case with a comprehensive review of the literature. | a successfully treated case of salmonella infection of the thoracic aorta is described. salmonella enteritidis was isolated from blood cultures and from operative cultures of the aorta. computed tomography suggested the site of infection, and the resection of the thoracic aortic aneurysm with specific antibiotic therapy resulted in a satisfactory outcome. although once invariably fatal, improved diagnostic roentgenographic techniques, more potent antibiotics, and surgical advances have resulted ... | 1993 | 8435031 |
| [epidemiologic public health conclusions from observations of illnesses caused by salmonella enteritidis]. | 11 persons fell ill after having eaten a cream cake, prepared from two hen's eggs just after buying. one of the eggs must have contained about a thousand million of s. enteritidis, according to the concentration of bacteria found in the frozen cream. a 41-year old cook without any predisposition got septicemia by s. enteritidis after tasting a mixture of refrigerator-cooled eggs and minced meat, bought one day previously. 9 of 57 diseased inmates of an old-age home died from s. enteritidis infec ... | 1993 | 8435540 |
| simultaneous outbreak of salmonella enteritidis and salmonella schwarzengrund in a nursing home: association of s. enteritidis with bacteremia and hospitalization. | | 1993 | 8440951 |
| detection of salmonella enteritidis in experimentally infected laying hens by culturing pools of egg contents. | two experiments were conducted to determine whether salmonella enteritidis could be detected efficiently in pooled samples of the contents of eggs laid by experimentally infected hens. in experiment 1, groups of laying hens were orally inoculated with either 10(4) or 10(6) s. enteritidis cells. in experiment 2, one-third of the hens in each group were orally inoculated with 10(6) s. enteritidis cells. at 2 wk postinoculation, culturing egg pools yielded positive results at frequencies similar to ... | 1993 | 8441730 |
| research note: growth of salmonella enteritidis in grade a eggs during prolonged storage. | migration of salmonella enteritidis through egg albumen to the yolk and its subsequent growth in the yolk were examined. submersion of eggs in .1% mercuric chloride solution for 1 h followed by submersion in 70% ethanol for 30 min resulted in an eggshell surface from which no salmonella organisms were recovered. the eggs were then inoculated with s. enteritidis under the shell membrane. although growth of s. enteritidis was negligible in eggs refrigerated up to 16 days, the population level of t ... | 1993 | 8441733 |
| [prevalence of enteropathogenic bacteria in children with acute bloody diarrhea]. | between january to october 1991, were studied 148 samples of feces corresponding to the same number of children with acute diarrhea. in 41 (27.7%) samples, were found macroscopic or microscopic blood. at least one associated bacterial pathogen capable to produce bloody diarrhea was isolated from 22 (53.7%) of these samples. were isolated five (12.2%) salmonella strains, all of them were s. enteritidis; nine (22.0%) shigella: seven s. flexneri, one s. boydii, and other one s. sonnei; two (4.9%) e ... | 1993 | 8442878 |
| [mycobacterium genavense infection in aids]. | fever, loss of weight, anaemia, hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy developed in two hiv-infected patients. at first malignant lymphoma with septicaemia was thought to be the cause. in both patients salmonella enteritidis was isolated by blood culture and found to be sensitive against the antibiotics that were given (5 g azlocillin and 2 g cefotaxime, three times daily each; additionally in case 2, metronidazole, 500 mg three times daily). because bone-marrow biopsy demonstrated acid-fast rod ... | 1993 | 8444111 |
| survival of salmonella enteritidis during the manufacture of feta cheese made of pasteurized ewe's milk. | the behaviour of salmonella enteritidis during the feta cheese making process was investigated. two lots of pasteurized whole ewe's milk were inoculated to contain 10(6) cfu/ml of s. enteritidis (strain as1 and as2) and were processed into feta cheese following standard procedures. all samples were examined for s. enteritidis both quantitatively and qualitatively, while moisture, fat, water activity and ph were also measured. s. enteritidis was enumerated in duplicate samples by surface plating ... | 1993 | 8451880 |
| occurrence of salmonella enteritidis in unpasteurized liquid egg in the united states. | in order to gain a greater understanding of the occurrence and distribution of salmonella enteritidis in the united states, a survey of unpasteurized liquid egg (collected at 20 egg-breaking plants across the united states) was conducted over a 52-week period. weekly liquid egg samples were submitted for salmonella culturing at the national veterinary services laboratories. group d positive salmonellae were serotyped and phage-typed. on a regional basis, the northern region of the united states ... | 1993 | 8452489 |
| effect of prolonged administration of dietary capsaicin on salmonella enteritidis infection in leghorn chicks. | the effect of 14 or 19 days of dietary capsaicin (18 ppm) on salmonella enteritidis infection and histological, morphometric, and ph changes of the ceca was investigated. at day 13 or day 18, chicks were challenged with 10(8) colony-forming units of s. enteritidis. chicks were killed and cultured 24 hours later. the total number of s. enteritidis-organ-culture-positive chicks was significantly lower among chicks fed capsaicin for either 14 or 19 days than among controls (p < 0.05). subjective hi ... | 1993 | 8452490 |
| protective effect of used poultry litter and lactose in the feed ration on salmonella enteritidis colonization of leghorn chicks and hens. | the effect of dietary administration of lactose and used poultry litter, containing cecal and fecal droppings from adult broilers, was evaluated for protective effects against salmonella enteritidis colonization in leghorn chicks and 16-week-old hens. the addition of used litter as 5% of the feed ration significantly decreased (p < 0.01) salmonella cecal and organ colonization in the chicks. provision of used litter or used litter and lactose in the feed failed to provide protection against salm ... | 1993 | 8452509 |
| ontario hospital outbreak of salmonella enteritidis infection--agriculture canada trace-back investigation. | | 1993 | 8453394 |
| the role of a 54-kb plasmid in the virulence of strains of salmonella enteritidis of phage type 4 for chickens and mice. | the role of a 54-kb plasmid in the virulence of salmonella enteritidis strains of phage type 4 was examined in mice, young chickens and adult laying-hens. although the plasmid was essential for full expression of virulence in mice, differences in expression of virulence by this 54-kb plasmid were noted among strains; thus, introduction of the plasmid to a naturally occurring strain that lacked it did not make that strain virulent. in newly hatched chickens, virulence of an enteritidis strain of ... | 1993 | 8455187 |
| effects of two magainin peptides on eicosanoid release from rat peritoneal macrophages. | magainins are novel polycationic peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, including activity against gram-negative bacteria. gram-negative bacteremia can elicit endotoxic shock that is associated with the increased formation of eicosanoids. inhibition of eicosanoid synthesis has been shown to improve the outcome of experimental endotoxic shock. the aim of the present study was to test the in vitro effects of two magainin peptides, msi-97 (m1) and msi-98 (m2), on eicosanoid synthesis ... | 1993 | 8460910 |
| the ability of salmonella enteritidis isolated from chicks imported from england to cause transovarian infection. | s. enteritidis hy-1 isolated during quarantine from chicks imported from england was used. laying hens at the age of 34 weeks were inoculated orally with 10(10) organisms (10 birds), intramuscularly with 10(9) (5 birds), and intravenously with 10(9) (5 birds). egg production did not change in hens infected orally, although it was reduced in hens infected intramuscularly for 2-3 weeks post inoculation. for one month, internally infected eggs of which the shells were not contaminated were found: o ... | 1993 | 8461409 |
| resection of infected ventricular aneurysm (salmonella) following septic saddle embolus. | bacterial infection (salmonella enteritidis) of left ventricular true and false aneurysm in a 62-year-old man was followed by septic saddle embolus. the septic saddle embolus was removed and the aneurysm was later resected with coronary bypass grafting. the patient is alive with satisfactory function over 5 years postoperatively. | 1993 | 8461496 |
| [salmonellosis and ulcerative colitis. a case report and review of the literature]. | a propos of a case of intestinal infection due to salmonella non typhi in a patient with ulcerative colitis, we have reviewed the disease and, therefore ran a search through the scientific literature in which we have found 16 cases of ulcerative colitis diagnosed in a clinical setting which began as an enterocolitis due to salmonella. bacteriological studies, clinical evolution and response to treatment, normally allow to differentiate between the two clinical entities. colitis due to salmonella ... | 1993 | 8465046 |
| [non-typhoid salmonella aortitis]. | non-typhoid salmonella enteritis may be complicated by aortitis. three cases of salmonella enteritidis aortitis are described. one patient, who survived, was operated with resection of the infected part of the aorta. an axillo-femoral bypass was made. the patient was treated for 18 months with antibiotics. the two patients who died were only treated with antibiotics. aortitis is diagnosed by means of blood-cultures and topographic examination of the aorta with ct-scanning, ultrasonography or ang ... | 1993 | 8465288 |
| within and between sample comparisons of gompertz parameters for salmonella enteritidis and aerobic plate counts in chicken stored in air and modified atmosphere. | the objective of this work was to compare between and within sample differences in aerobic plate counts (apc) and salmonella in chicken held at abusive temperatures under air and modified atmosphere (ma). three independent samples and three subsamples of ground raw chicken meat were inoculated with a nalidixic acid-resistant salmonella enteritidis var. rochester, packaged in barrier films containing air or 75% co2, 20% n2, and 5% o2, and stored at 13 and 27 degrees c for 120 h. samples were quan ... | 1993 | 8466812 |
| alternative antigens reduce cross-reactions in an elisa for the detection of salmonella enteritidis in poultry. | two alternative antigens for the use in detection of antibodies to salmonellas were investigated: firstly, lipopolysaccharide (lps) from members of the d2 group, having antigens o: 9, 46, and flagella antigens. whereas lps from the d2 group did not discriminate sufficiently with control sera, flagella antigens reacted specifically with antibodies directed to serotype specific h antigens. when flagella antigens were used to screen sera from birds of commercial flocks, however, cross-reactivity be ... | 1993 | 8468257 |
| separation of bacteria using agglutinins isolated from invertebrates. | the agglutination of a selection of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria by the haemolymph and coelomic fluid from several invertebrates was studied. the haemolymph from lumbricus terrestris and limulus polyphemus caused the strongest agglutination of most of the bacteria studied. when the agglutinating fraction of lim. polyphemus was liganded to magnetic microspheres 53% of the cells in pure cultures of listeria monocytogenes c200, 15% of salmonella enteritidis 37782, 92% of staphylococcus ... | 1993 | 8468260 |
| inactivation of ribosomes by an inhibitor of protein synthesis from salmonella enteritidis. | sonic extracts of salmonella enteritidis contain a factor which inhibits protein synthesis in cell-free systems by irreversibly inactivating ribosomes. the extent of the inactivation of ribosomes depends on the system used to assay protein synthesis, natural mrna translation being more strongly inhibited than poly(u) translation. the inhibitory power of the salmonella factor is destroyed by trypsin and by 5% mercaptoethanol. placental rnase inhibitor is unable to protect ribosomes from inactivat ... | 1993 | 8469173 |
| [food borne outbreak of a salmonella enteritidis epidemic in a large pharmaceutical industry]. | in summer 1991 an outbreak of a salmonella enteritidis epidemic involving about 600 cases of gastroenteritis occurred at one of the leading pharmaceutical companies in southwestern germany. the main source was a cold fruit soup, in addition salmonella were isolated from meat strips and a curd cheese which were used for a salad dressing. a total of 2300 contaminated food portions were served resulting in an attack rate of about 25%. the possible origin could have been an asymptomatic salmonella-p ... | 1993 | 8471807 |
| egg-related salmonella enteritidis, italy, 1991. | in recent years, salmonella enteritidis has become an increasingly important public health problem in italy. in some parts of the country, the fraction of total human salmonella isolates accounted for by s. enteritidis has risen from 3-4% in the mid-1980s to more than 30% in 1990. between 1990 and 1991, the number of reported s. enteritidis outbreaks increased more than sixfold. the 33 outbreaks reported in 1991 occurred in seven contiguous regions in northern and central italy and were clustere ... | 1993 | 8472765 |
| the effect of a long-acting recombinant hirudin (peg-hirudin) on experimental disseminated intravascular coagulation (dic) in rabbits. | reproducible disseminated intravascular coagulation in rabbits was provoked by two intravenous injections 24 hours apart of endotoxin from salmonella enteritidis. there were mild symptoms of dic before the second injection which considerably increased thereafter. in detail there was a sharp drop of the platelet count and a considerable diminution of antithrombin iii, of protein c, plasminogen and antiplasmin as well as an appearance of fibrin monomer complexes and an increase of the aptt. when p ... | 1993 | 8475480 |
| endotoxin-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha synthesis in murine embryo fibroblasts. | murine embryo fibroblasts (mef) were found to secrete tumor necrosis factor (tnf) in response to stimulation with endotoxin. endotoxin-induced tnf production by mef was inhibited by cycloheximide. however, reversal of the effect of this inhibitor on protein synthesis results in tnf being secreted in amounts equivalent to those produced by endotoxin-induced mef not treated with cycloheximide. actinomycin d treatment of mef blocked the production of endotoxin-induced tnf. maximal production of tnf ... | 1993 | 8478050 |
| plants used in guatemala for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. 3. confirmation of activity against enterobacteria of 16 plants. | ethnobotanical surveys and literature review identified 408 plants used in guatemala for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. the screening of 84 showed that 34 inhibit one or more enterobacteria; 16 of these were selected for further investigation. extracts were obtained with three solvents of different polarity (n-hexane, acetone and alcohol) and the in vitro activity was demonstrated against enteropathogenic escherichia coli, salmonella enteritidis and shigella flexneri. the activity ... | 1993 | 8479202 |
| effect of dietary lactose on cecal morphology, ph, organic acids, and salmonella enteritidis organ invasion in leghorn chicks. | the effect of 14 or 19 days of 10% dietary lactose administration on salmonella enteritidis (se) colonization and histological, morphometric, and organic acid changes of the ceca were investigated. at day 13 or 18, chicks were challenged with 10(8) cfu of se. chicks were killed and cultured 24 h later. a reduction in the total number of positive se organ invasions was observed following 14 days (p < .001) or 19 days (p < .005) of treatment in chicks fed with lactose. histological examination rev ... | 1993 | 8479949 |