| effects of medetomidine on hepatic erod activity in three species of fish. | medetomidine, an antifouling candidate, was investigated for its effects on cytochrome p4501a (cyp1a) activity in fish. rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), turbot (psetta maxima), and atlantic cod (gadus morhua) were exposed to medetomidine either via i.p. injection (<5 micromol (1mg)/kg) or via water (<50 nm). enzyme activity was measured as ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) activity in liver microsomes. there was a small (2-7-fold) increase in erod activity in rainbow trout. in turbot, erod ... | 2008 | 17588660 |
| endothelin receptors in teleost fishes: cardiovascular effects and branchial distribution. | by observing gill blood flow using epi-illuminating microscopy, in parallel with cardiovascular recordings and immunohistochemistry, we have tried to identify the receptor mediating endothelin (et) type 1 (et1)-induced pillar cell contraction in the lamellae of the atlantic cod (gadus morhua). intra-arterial injection of the specific et(b) receptor agonist bq-3020 induced dose-dependent increases in ventral aortic blood pressure, gill vascular resistance, and pillar cell area (indicating contrac ... | 2006 | 16223845 |
| effects of alkylphenols on cyp1a and cyp3a expression in first spawning atlantic cod (gadus morhua). | alkylphenols are continuously released into the ocean as a result of offshore oil production. alkylphenols, including 4-tert-butylphenol (c4), 4n-pentylphenol (c5), 4n-hexylphenol (c6), and 4n-heptylphenol (c7), up to 237 ppb concentrations, have been detected in produced water from oil platforms. previous studies have shown that alkylphenols induce vitellogenesis in fish. atlantic cod (gadus morhua) of both sexes were force-fed with various doses ranging between 0.02 and 80 ppm of a mixture of ... | 2004 | 15084407 |
| cloning and analyses of a bpi/lbp cdna of the atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.). | using the differential screening technique, a cdna related to the mammalian family of lipid transfer/lipopolysaccharide-binding proteins was cloned from the atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.). the gene is an ortholog of a recently identified gene of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). phylogenetic analyses suggest that teleost bpi/lbp are modern descendants of the ancestor of mammalian bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein (bpi) and lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (lbp), and a gene of the ... | 2004 | 14698217 |
| temperature and the expression of seven muscle-specific protein genes during embryogenesis in the atlantic cod gadus morhua l. | seven cdna clones coding for different muscle-specific proteins (msps) were isolated from the fast muscle tissue of atlantic cod gadus morhua l. in situ hybridization using crna probes was used to characterize the temporal and spatial patterns of gene expression with respect to somite stage in embryos incubated at 4 degrees c, 7 degrees c and 10 degrees c. myod transcripts were first observed in the presomitic mesoderm prior to somite formation, and in the lateral compartment of the forming somi ... | 2003 | 12909700 |
| light chain promoter regions in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss: function of a classical and an atypical ig promoter. | three rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) light chain isotypes (l1, l2 and l3) have been identified at the cdna level. genomic clones have previously been obtained for l1 and l2, revealing different structures of the v/j/c clusters and divergent putative promoter regions. while the l1 putative promoter has a classical ig promoter structure with tata, e-box, and octamer, the l2 putative promoter lacks typical features of the ig promoter. the l2 putative promoter region contains a kappa-y motif, a ... | 2002 | 12377218 |
| responses of the red blood cells from two high-energy-demand teleosts, yellowfin tuna (thunnus albacares) and skipjack tuna (katsuwonus pelamis), to catecholamines. | in fishes, catecholamines increase red blood cell intracellular ph through stimulation of a sodium/proton (na+/h+) antiporter. this response can counteract potential reductions in blood o2 carrying capacity (due to bohr and root effects) when plasma ph and intracellular ph decrease during hypoxia, hypercapnia, or following exhaustive exercise. tuna physiology and behavior dictate exceptionally high rates of o2 delivery to the tissues often under adverse conditions, but especially during recovery ... | 1998 | 9747521 |
| cloning and characterization of transferrin cdna and rapid detection of transferrin gene polymorphism in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | a cdna clone of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) transferrin was obtained from a liver cdna library. the 2537-bp cdna sequence contained an open reading frame encoding 691 amino acids and the 5' and 3' noncoding regions. the amino acid sequences at the iron-binding sites and the two n-linked glycosylation sites, and the cysteine residues were consistent with known, conserved vertebrate transferrin cdna sequences. single n-linked glycosylation sites existed on the n- and c-lobe. the deduced am ... | 1997 | 9418291 |
| cardiovascular effects of adrenomedullin in teleost fishes. | adrenomedullin is a fifty-two-amino acid polypeptide that was first discovered in pheochromocytoma cells, and later in the normal adrenal medullae, lungs, kidneys, and blood. in mammals, adrenomedullin has vasodepressive effects, mainly by decreasing peripheral vascular resistance. i investigated the effects of adrenomedullin in fish to see if this novel neuropeptide would have an effect in lower vertebrates, or if its actions were limited to the higher vertebrates. bolus injections of adrenomed ... | 2016 | 8728851 |
| distribution of pacap (pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide)-like and helospectin-like peptides in the teleost gut. | pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (pacap) and helospectin are two vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (vip)-related neuropeptides that have recently been demonstrated in the mammalian gut; the aim of this study was to reveal their occurrence and localisation in the gastrointestinal tract, swimbladder, urinary bladder and the vagal innervation of the gut of teleosts, using immunohistochemical methods on whole-mounts and sections of these tissues from the atlantic cod, gadus morhua ... | 1994 | 7954690 |
| tissue distribution and effects on hepatic xenobiotic metabolising enzymes of 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl (pcb-105) in cod (gadus morhua) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl, pcb-105 (iupac no. 105) was orally administered twice with a 4-day interval between dosings (total dose 10 mg kg(-1) body weight) to gonadally immature cod and rainbow trout of both sexes. the fish were killed 9 and 17 days after the first treatment, and the effects of pcb-105 on hepatic xenobiotic metabolising enzymes were determined by examining the cytochrome-p450-dependent ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (erod) and aldrin epoxidase activities, and the erod-catal ... | 1994 | 15091667 |
| cardiovascular responses to scyliorhinin i and ii in the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, in vivo and in vitro | changes in cardiac output, heart rate, dorsal aortic blood pressure and coeliac artery blood flow were measured in unrestrained rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, following injections of the elasmobranch tachykinins scyliorhinin i and ii. the resistance in the coeliac vascular bed and the total systemic vasculature were calculated from blood pressure and flow. in addition, isolated tails were perfused to investigate the effect of the peptides on the somatic vasculature. scyliorhinin i (scy i) p ... | 1994 | 9317541 |
| a cluster type organization of the loci of the immunoglobulin light chain in atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum) indicated by nucleotide sequences of cdnas and hybridization analysis. | antibody screening and colony hybridization of cdna libraries have been used to isolate clones of the immunoglobulin light (igl) chain from atlantic cod (gadus morhua l.) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum). sequence analysis shows dissimilarities in the constant part of the molecule (cl) within each species. comparisons of the amino acid sequences of the constant parts of the igl chains show a 55% identity between the two teleost species. when compared with other species the highest ... | 1993 | 8505063 |
| substance-p-related and neurokinin-a-related peptides from the brain of the cod and trout. | an extract of the brain of the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss contained high concentrations of both neurokinin a-like immunoreactivity (corresponding to 90 pmol mammalian neurokinin a/g wet tissue) and substance-p-like immunoreactivity (corresponding to 50 pmol mammalian substance p/g wet tissue) measured by radioimmunoassay using antisera directed against the c-terminal regions of the mammalian peptides. in contrast, an extract of the atlantic cod. gadus morhua contained only neurokinin-a-l ... | 1992 | 1376687 |
| species-specific accumulation of the polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) 2,3,3',4,4'-pentachlorobiphenyl in fish brain: a comparison between cod (gadus morhua) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | | 1990 | 2127636 |
| bombesin potentiates the effect of acetylcholine on isolated strips of fish stomach. | the interaction between bombesin and acetylcholine acting on smooth muscle of the stomach wall was investigated in two species of teleost fish. oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) and gadus morhua (atlantic cod). acetylcholine or bombesin alone has an excitatory effect on the stomach muscle. the effect on contraction amplitude of acetylcholine (10(-6)-10(-5) m) alone is about 10-times greater than the effect of bombesin (10(-9)-10(-7) m). in molar terms however, bombesin is more potent than acet ... | 1990 | 1703314 |
| characterisation and expression analysis of the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) homologue of the human dendritic cell marker cd208/lysosomal associated membrane protein 3. | lamp3/cd208 is a member of the lysosomal-associated membrane protein family and is used as a putative marker for mature dendritic cells (dcs) in humans since it is upregulated upon dc activation and maturation. this paper reports the cloning and sequencing of lamp3 in rainbow trout. the predicted trout lamp3 shares the characteristic features of lamp family members such as a c-terminal lysosomal sorting motif (g-y-d-r-i) in the short c-terminal cytoplasmic tail, typical for lysosomal targeting, ... | 2012 | 22402276 |
| application of passive sampling to characterise the fish exometabolome. | the endogenous metabolites excreted by organisms into their surrounding environment, termed the exometabolome, are important for many processes including chemical communication. in fish biology, such metabolites are also known to be informative markers of physiological status. while metabolomics is increasingly used to investigate the endogenous biochemistry of organisms, no non-targeted studies of the metabolic complexity of fish exometabolomes have been reported to date. in environmental chemi ... | 2017 | 28216558 |
| new records of the chaetiferous leech-like annelid paracanthobdella livanowi (epshtein, 1966) (annelida: clitellata: acanthobdellida) from kamchatka, russia. | acanthobdellidans are unique in their organisation and phylogenetic relationships due to having transitional characters that combine features of oligochaetous and achaetous annelids. alongside the relatively well-studied acanthobdella peledina grube, 1851, there is another member of the group, paracanthobdella livanowi (epshtein, 1966), with five rows of chaetae and an anterior sucker. it appears that the anterior sucker is weakly developed in small juveniles but acquires a deep cavity in adults ... | 2013 | 23263942 |
| genomic arrangement of salinity tolerance qtls in salmonids: a comparative analysis of atlantic salmon (salmo salar) with arctic charr (salvelinus alpinus) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | quantitative trait locus (qtl) studies show that variation in salinity tolerance in arctic charr and rainbow trout has a genetic basis, even though both these species have low to moderate salinity tolerance capacities. qtl were observed to localize to homologous linkage group segments within putative chromosomal regions possessing multiple candidate genes. we compared salinity tolerance qtl in rainbow trout and arctic charr to those detected in a higher salinity tolerant species, atlantic salmon ... | 2012 | 22916800 |
| predator-inspection behaviour in female three-spined sticklebacks gasterosteus aculeatus is associated with status of gravidity. | differences in predator-inspection behaviour between gravid and non-gravid female as well as between male and female three-spined sticklebacks gasterosteus aculeatus were investigated. gravid females confronted with a live rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss showed bolder inspection behaviour than non-gravid ones. the behaviour of gravid females was comparable with that of males, maybe because both face a high risk of predation. the results indicate that antipredator behaviour in female g. aculeat ... | 2009 | 20738678 |
| mercury in fish from the pinchi lake region, british columbia, canada. | water, surface sediments, and <40 cm rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and northern pikeminnow (ptychocheilus oregonensis) were collected from pinchi lake, british columbia, and from several nearby reference lakes. hg concentrations in sediment samples from pinchi l. were highly elevated compared to sediments from reference lakes, especially in sites adjacent to and downstream of a former hg mine. in both fish species examined, hg concentration was positively related to age and/or fork length. ... | 2004 | 15234094 |
| pathogenicity of mexican isolates of aeromonas sp. in immersion experimentally-infected rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum 1792). | ten species of aeromonas have been previously identified in farmed rainbow trout from mexico. the aim of the current study was to investigate the pathogenicity of 10 aeromonas isolates belonging to 10 different aeromonas species in immersion experimentally-infected rainbow trout fry. isolates of a. bestiarum, a. hydrophila, a. salmonicida, and a. veronii produced significant mortality (8.8%, 12.2%, 18.8%, and 8.8%, respectively). isolates of a. caviae and a. sobria produced no significantly mort ... | 2017 | 28209550 |
| new species of plagioporus stafford, 1904 (digenea: opecoelidae) from california, with an amendment of the genus and a phylogeny of freshwater plagioporines of the holarctic. | plagioporus hageli n. sp. is described from the intestine of oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum) collected from the river yuba, california, usa. of the accepted, nominal species of plagioporus stafford, 1904 from the nearctic, the new species is morphologically similar to three intestinal species from the western usa parasitising diadromous fishes, including plagioporus shawi (mcintosh, 1939), plagioporus kolipinskii tracey, choudhury, cheng & ghosh, 2009 and plagioporus siliculus sinitsin, 1931, and ... | 2016 | 27638729 |
| environmental indicators in effluent assessment of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) reared in raceway system through phosphorus and nitrogen. | the phosphorus and nitrogen discharge via effluent of intensive trout farming system was quantified through the use of environmental indicators. the nutrient loads, the mass balance, the estimated amount of nutrients in feed and the amount of nutrients converted in fish biomass were calculated based on the concentrations of phosphorus (p) and nitrogen (n) in the feed and in the water. of the offered feed, 24.75 kg were available as p and 99.00 kg as n, of these, 9.32 kg p (38%) and 29.12 kg n (2 ... | 2017 | 27224731 |
| infected donor biomass and active feeding increase waterborne transmission of ichthyophonus sp. to rainbow trout sentinels. | the precise nature of ichthyophonus sp. transmission among wild fishes has eluded description for over a century. transmission among piscivores is direct, via ingestion of infected prey, but there is also evidence for waterborne transmission between infected and uninfected individuals. transmission among planktivores is believed to be via a waterborne infectious cell, but definitive proof of this mechanism has not been forthcoming. to explore possible mechanisms of transmission we used rainbow t ... | 2016 | 27195430 |
| a putative serine protease, spssp1, from saprolegnia parasitica is recognised by sera of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | saprolegniosis, the disease caused by saprolegnia sp., results in considerable economic losses in aquaculture. current control methods are inadequate, as they are either largely ineffective or present environmental and fish health concerns. vaccination of fish presents an attractive alternative to these control methods. therefore we set out to identify suitable antigens that could help generate a fish vaccine against saprolegnia parasitica. unexpectedly, antibodies against s. parasitica were fou ... | 2014 | 25088077 |
| flavobacterium tructae sp. nov. and flavobacterium piscis sp. nov., isolated from farmed rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | four gram-staining-negative, catalase- and oxidase-positive, pale-orange pigmented bacterial strains (435-08(t), 47b-3-09, 412r-09(t) and 60b-3-09) were isolated from diseased rainbow trout. analysis of their 16s rrna gene sequences suggested their adscription to the genus flavobacterium. strains formed two phylogenetic groups represented by strains 435-08(t) and 47b-3-09 (group a), and strains 412r-09(t) and 60b-3-09 (group b) displaying 16s rrna sequence similarities greater than 99.8-99.9% wi ... | 2014 | 24065772 |
| genome sequence of weissella ceti nc36, an emerging pathogen of farmed rainbow trout in the united states. | novel weissella sp. bacteria have recently been reported to be associated with disease outbreaks in cultured rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) at commercial farms in china, brazil, and the united states. here we present the first genome sequence of this novel weissella species, isolated from the southeastern united states. | 2013 | 23409274 |
| comparison of oogenesis and sex steroid profiles between twice and once annually spawning of rainbow trout females (oncorhynchus mykiss). | this study compares the gonadosomatic index (gsi), oocyte growth (og), gonadal histology, and plasma level concentrations of sex hormones (estradiol-17β (e2) and vitellogenin (v)) of twice-spawning (t-sp) and once-spawning (o-sp) females of rainbow trout throughout the additional and the normal reproductive cycle, respectively. in t-sp, the gsi values rapidly increase from may to november, in contrast to o-sp, which showed low and constant gsi values (1.19 to 14.5 and 1.19 to 0.63, resp.). t-sp ... | 2012 | 23213308 |
| the spinal cord supports of vertebrae in the crown-group salamanders (caudata, urodela). | the development of spinal cord supports (bony thickenings which extend into the vertebral canal of vertebrae) in primitive (salamandrella keyserlingii) and derived (lissotriton vulgaris) salamanders were described. the spinal cord supports develop as the protuberances of periostal bone of the neural arches in the anteroproximal part of the septal collagenous fibers which connect a transverse myoseptum with the notochord and spinal cord, in the septal bundle inside the vertebral canal. spinal cor ... | 2012 | 22707352 |
| acute toxicity of cadmium, lead, zinc, and their mixtures to stream-resident fish and invertebrates. | the authors conducted 150 tests of the acute toxicity of resident fish and invertebrates to cd, pb, and zn, separately and in mixtures, in waters from the south fork coeur d'alene river watershed, idaho, usa. field-collected shorthead sculpin (cottus confusus), westslope cutthroat trout (oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi), two mayflies (baetis tricaudatus and rhithrogena sp.), a stonefly (sweltsa sp.), a caddisfly (arctopsyche sp.), a snail (gyraulus sp.), and hatchery rainbow trout (oncorhynchus myki ... | 2012 | 22488500 |
| flavobacterium oncorhynchi sp. nov., a new species isolated from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | eighteen isolates of a gram-negative, catalase and oxidase-positive, rod-shaped bacterium, recovered from diseased rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), were characterized, using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. studies based on comparative 16s rrna gene sequence analysis showed that that the eighteen new isolates shared 99.2-100% sequence similarities. phylogenetic analysis revealed that isolates from trout belonged to the genus flavobacterium, showing the highest sequence similarities to f. chu ... | 2012 | 22227311 |
| new data on aetiology of nodular gill disease in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | we studied amoebae associated with nodular gill disease (ngd) outbreaks in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum) in fish farms in south-western germany. gills of 12 diseased rainbow trout were examined in fresh, by isolation attempts, histologically and using in situ hybridisation (ish). a total of nine amoeba strains of the genera acanthamoeba (1), hartmannella (2), naegleria (1), protacanthamoeba (1) and vannella (4) were isolated and determined using light microscopical, ultrastructural ... | 2010 | 20941906 |
| exposure of fish to high-intensity sonar does not induce acute pathology. | this study investigated immediate effects of intense sound exposure associated with low-frequency (170-320 hz) or with mid-frequency (2.8-3.8 khz) sonars on caged rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss, channel catfish ictalurus punctatus and hybrid sunfish lepomis sp. in seneca lake, new york, u.s.a. this study focused on potential effects on inner ear tissues using scanning electron microscopy and on non-auditory tissues using gross and histopathology. fishes were exposed to low-frequency sounds fo ... | 2010 | 20557634 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of interferon regulatory factors 4 and 8 (irf-4 and irf-8) in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | mammalian interferon regulatory factor (irf)4 (pip, lsirf, and icsat) and irf8 (icsbp) are known to be critical in regulating a spectrum of functional and developmental processes in lymphomyeloid cell lineages either through direct binding to irf-e motifs in target gene promoters or indirectly by binding to composite motifs recognized by ets family members, pu.i and sp.i. here we report, for the first time in fish, the sequencing and characterization of full-length cdna homologues of rainbow tro ... | 2010 | 20298789 |
| in vitro kinetics of hepatic albendazole sulfoxidation in channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus), tilapia (oreochromis sp.), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and induction of erod activity in abz-dosed channel catfish. | liver microsomes from market-size (n = 6) rainbow trout, channel catfish and tilapia were used to investigate in vitro biotransformation kinetics of albendazole (abz). abz was transformed to a single metabolite, abz sulfoxide (abz-so). catfish displayed the highest maximal velocity (v(max) = 264.0 +/- 58.6 pmols abz-so/min/mg protein) followed by tilapia (112.3 +/- 8.2) and rainbow trout (73.3 +/- 10.3). v(max) in catfish was significantly different (p < 0.05) from the other two species. michael ... | 2009 | 19754908 |
| effects of temperature on disease progression and swimming stamina in ichthyophonus-infected rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum). | rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, were infected with ichthyophonus sp. and held at 10 degrees c, 15 degrees c and 20 degrees c for 28 days to monitor mortality and disease progression. infected fish demonstrated more rapid onset of disease, higher parasite load, more severe host tissue reaction and reduced mean-day-to-death at higher temperature. in a second experiment, ichthyophonus-infected fish were reared at 15 degrees c for 16 weeks then subjected to forced swimming at 10 degrees c, 15 de ... | 2009 | 19570061 |
| relationships among growth and different nor phenotypes in a specific stock of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | growth is one of the most important aspects in the genetic improvement of cultured fish species. consequently, genetic parameters related to this feature and their response to selection have been the focus of most research in this area. such research indicates that, in general, there is enough additive genetic variance related to growth, justifying the use of selection. based on the usefulness of cytogenetic and molecular markers in the fish culture, the aim of the present work was to analyze th ... | 2007 | 17876448 |
| ventilatory and cardiovascular actions of centrally administered trout tachykinins in the unanesthetized trout. | the brains of teleost fish contain members of the tachykinin family that are the products of orthologous genes expressed in mammalian nervous tissues, but little is known regarding the physiological effects of these peptides in their species of origin. the present study compares the central actions of trout neuropeptide gamma (npgamma), substance p (sp) and neurokinin a (nka) (5-250 pmol) on ventilatory and cardiovascular parameters in the unanesthetized rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. intrac ... | 2007 | 17766308 |
| salmonid microarrays identify intestinal genes that reliably monitor p deficiency in rainbow trout aquaculture. | nutrient-responsive genes can identify important metabolic pathways and evaluate optimal dietary levels. using a 16k salmo salar microarray, we identified in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) 21 potential phosphorus (p)-responsive genes, mainly involved in immune response, proteolysis or transport, whose expression levels changed in the intestine after 5 days of feeding a low-p (lp) diet. diet-induced changes in the expression levels of several genes in each fish were tightly correlated with c ... | 2007 | 17596124 |
| opercular epithelial cells: a simple approach for in vitro studies of cellular responses in fish. | this study evaluated the efficacy of fish opercular external (skin) and inner (opercular membrane) epithelium as an in vitro model for toxic and other substances studies. the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) operculum was cultured in 12-well dishes containing sterile leibovitz 15 (l-15) supplemented with glutamine medium during 24h at 9 degrees c, and the effect of copper, a toxic agent, and/or cortisol, an endogenous agent, on the epithelial cells was analyzed using light microscopy techniqu ... | 2007 | 17169474 |
| the expression of immune-regulatory genes in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, during amoebic gill disease (agd). | amoebic gill disease (agd) is an ectoparasitic disease caused by infection with the protozoan neoparamoeba sp. and is characterised by epithelial hyperplasia that manifests as gill lesions. in order to examine the nature of the immune response to agd, the expression of a range of immune-regulatory genes was examined in naïve uninfected rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, and naïve rainbow trout subjected to a laboratory-induced agd infection. the immune-regulatory genes examined were interleukin ... | 2006 | 16006146 |
| metabolic effects of exercise in the golden fish salminus maxillosus "dourado" (valenciennes, 1849). | strenuous exercise in fish is usually a consequence of migration, reproduction, and spawning. varying among fishes, this kind of stress is associated with blood glucose and lactate increase, in relation to which two major groups are distinguishable: the "lactate releasers" and "non-lactate releasers". unlike strenuous exercise, sustained swimming imposes a variety of effort that results in distinct kinetic types of blood lactate and glucose. compared to platichthys stellatus and oncorhynchus myk ... | 2004 | 15620004 |
| a short-term in vitro gill culture system to study the effects of toxic (copper) and non-toxic (cortisol) stressors on the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum). | a short-term (24 h) method of gill filament culture system was developed to predict the effects of environmental contamination and stress in fish. gill culture system containing two or three rainbow trout gill filaments in sterile glutamine supplemented leibovitz 15 (l-15) media was submitted for 24 h to six different treatments: (i) cont (control, medium only); (ii) cort (cortisol, 0.28 microm cortisol); (iii) block (glucocorticoid receptor blocker, 14 microm ru 486); (iv) cort+block (cortisol ... | 2004 | 15251188 |
| polybrominated diphenyl ethers in whitefish from swiss lakes and farmed rainbow trout. | a method for trace analysis of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (pbde) in fish based on gas chromatography/electron ionization high resolution mass spectrometry (gc/ei-hrms) was developed, and levels of pbde were determined in whitefish (coregonus sp.) from eight swiss lakes and in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) from four swiss fish farms. pbde concentrations (sum of pbde congeners bde-28, bde-47, bde-99, bde-100, bde-153, bde-154, and bde-183) in filet from whitefish between 36 and 165 ng/g ... | 2003 | 12615108 |
| nors inheritance analysis in crossings including individuals from two stocks of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | silver nitrate staining of rainbow trouts (oncorhynchus mykiss) chromosomes, for the identification of the nucleolar organizing regions (nors), revealed that in individuals from núcleo experimental de salmonicultura de campos do jordão (brazil) nors were located in the long arms of submetacentric pair while in specimens from mount shasta (usa) nors were located in the short arms of a submetacentric pair. cytogenetic analysis of the offspring, obtained through artificial crosses including individ ... | 2002 | 12471670 |
| toxicity evaluation of new antifouling compounds using suspension-cultured fish cells. | a simple, rapid toxicity test was developed using the suspension-cultured fish cell line chse-sp derived from chinook salmon oncorhynchus tshawytscha embryos in order to assess the toxicity of new marine antifouling compounds. the compounds tested were copper pyrithione, diuron, irgarol 1051, kh101, sea-nine 211, and zinc pyrithione, all of which have been nominated in japan as possible replacements for organotin compounds. the in vitro acute toxicity (24-h ec50) of the six compounds to these fi ... | 2002 | 11999777 |
| binding characteristics of [3h]17beta-estradiol in the hypothalamus of juvenile rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | gonadal steroids in the salmonid brain, acting through cellular receptors, may be responsible for the modulation of neuronal activity and organization of reproductive behaviors. we report our findings on the use of [3h]17beta-estradiol (e2) to identify intracellular estrogen receptors (ers) in the hypothalamus of juvenile rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. specific binding (b(sp)) of [3h]e2 was tissue dependent between 0.5 and 2.25 hypothalamus equivalents for cytosol and nuclear extract prepar ... | 2000 | 11048682 |
| specific binding of [3h]ketanserin to hypothalamus membranes of juvenile rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | this study examines the existence and pharmacological specificity of [3h]ketanserin binding in hypothalamus of juvenile rainbow trout. hypothalamic membranes were incubated with [3h]ketanserin (selective 5ht2 antagonist) under several experimental conditions; reactions were terminated by filtration and bound radioactivity was counted by liquid scintillation spectroscopy. tissue dilution experiments revealed that specific [3h]ketanserin binding (b(sp)) was tissue dependent; 1 hypothalamus equival ... | 2000 | 10741761 |
| effects of drift- and benthic-foraging fish on the drift dispersal of three species of mayfly nymphs in a japanese stream. | differences in the effects of two common predatory fishes, rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and freshwater sculpin (cottus nozawae), on drift dispersal of the nymphs of three mayfly species, baetis thermicus, cinygmula sp., and paraleptophlebia chocorata, were examined by manipulative field experiments using stream enclosures in a northern japanese stream. the diel periodicity of prey consumption rate differed considerably between the two fishes; the prey consumption of the drift-foraging tro ... | 1999 | 20135165 |
| vasoconstrictive effects of native tachykinins in the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss. | the role of trout substance p (tsp) and neurokinin a (tnka) in cardiovascular regulation was investigated in the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, in vivo and in vitro. in vivo, the coeliac arterial and ventral aortic relative blood flows were measured with doppler flow probes, and blood pressure was measured via a cannula inserted into the dorsal aorta. tsp (0.1 and 1 nmol kg-1) and tnka (1 nmol kg-1) increased both systemic and coeliac vascular resistances, leading to hypertension and bradyc ... | 1996 | 8822508 |
| an immunocytochemical study of putative neurotransmitters in the metacercariae of two strigeoid trematodes from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | whole mounts of the metacercariae of diplostomum sp. and cotylurus erraticus from rainbow trout have been treated cytochemically for the demonstration of cholinergic, serotoninergic (5-hydroxytryptamine) and peptidergic elements in the nervous system. antisera directed against four vertebrate (pancreatic polypeptide, peptide yy, substance p and peptide histidine isoleucine) and two invertebrate peptides (neuropeptide f and fmrfamide) were used in an indirect immunofluorescence procedure in conju ... | 1993 | 7692434 |
| tachykinins and intestinal motility in different fish groups. | the presence and function of tachykinins were studied in the intestine of hagfish (myxine glutinosa), lamprey (lampetra fluviatilis), starry ray (raja radiata), lungfish (lepidosiren paradoxa), bichir (polypterus senegalensis), and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), which represent different systematic groups of fish. immunohistochemistry revealed cells containing substance p (sp)-like material in the intestine of lamprey and lungfish, and in the stomach of the ray. the intestinal motility was ... | 1991 | 1718815 |
| towards the development of a sustainable soya bean-based feedstock for aquaculture. | soya bean (glycine max (l.) merr.) is sought after for both its oil and protein components. genetic approaches to add value to either component are ongoing efforts in soya bean breeding and molecular biology programmes. the former is the primary vegetable oil consumed in the world. hence, its primary usage is in direct human consumption. as a means to increase its utility in feed applications, thereby expanding the market of soya bean coproducts, we investigated the simultaneous displacement of ... | 2017 | 27496594 |
| in vitro and in vivo effects of phytoestrogens on protein turnover in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) white muscle. | soybeans and other legumes investigated as fishmeal replacements in aquafeeds contain phytoestrogens capable of binding to and activating estrogen receptors. estradiol has catabolic effects in salmonid white muscle, partially through increases in protein turnover. the current study determines whether phytoestrogens promote similar effects. in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) primary myocyte cultures, the phytoestrogens genistein, daidzein, glycitein, and r- and s-equol reduced rates of protei ... | 2014 | 24874080 |
| two-step purification method of vitellogenin from three teleost fish species: rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), gudgeon (gobio gobio) and chub (leuciscus cephalus). | a two-step purification protocol was developed to purify rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) vitellogenin (vtg) and was successfully applied to vtg of chub (leuciscus cephalus) and gudgeon (gobio gobio). capture and intermediate purification were performed by anion-exchange chromatography on a resource q column and a polishing step was performed by gel permeation chromatography on superdex 200 column. this method is a rapid two-step purification procedure that gave a pure solution of vtg as asse ... | 2000 | 10681036 |