| infectious diseases in mexico. a survey from 1995-2000. | data obtained at a central laboratory for emerging, re-emerging, and other infectious diseases in mexico from 1995-2000 are presented. an outstanding increase of den-3 circulation was identified. aedes aegypti, the dengue vector, is widely distributed. leptospirosis has become the most important differential diagnosis for dengue. identification of rabies virus variants allowed cataloging of new transmitters of rabies. rotavirus showed a clear seasonal distribution, while different proportions of ... | 2002 | 12234523 |
| increased prevalence of brucella suis and pseudorabies virus antibodies in adults of an isolated feral swine population in coastal south carolina. | two hundred twenty seven adult (> 8 mo) feral swine (sus scrofa) trapped from april through july 1999 at three locations on a coastal south carolina (usa) peninsula with restricted ingress and egress were tested for brucella suis and pseudorabies virus (prv) antibodies. approximately 44% of the animals tested positive for b. suis antibodies and 61% tested positive for antibodies to prv. previous surveys (1976 and 1992) of feral swine at the same location with similar methods indicated lower sero ... | 2002 | 12238392 |
| identification and characterisation of a cdna sequence encoding a glutamic acid-rich protein specifically transcribed in trichinella spiralis newborn larvae and recognised by infected swine serum. | presently, little is known of the mechanism by which trichinella penetrates and modulates reprogramming of muscle cells. in light of evidence demonstrating strong protective characteristics of antigens derived from this stage, understanding this process may shed light on potential targets for effective abatement of infection. to this end, a pcr-derived cdna expression library was constructed using 0.5 micro g of total rna from trichinella spiralis newborn larvae. the library consisted of >125000 ... | 2002 | 12350371 |
| paneth and intermediate cell hyperplasia induced in mice by helminth infections. | hyperplasia of paneth and intermediate cells is a recently described component of the response of the small intestine of mice to infection with the nematode trichinella spiralis. to investigate whether this hyperplasia is parasite specific or represents a generic intestinal response to infection, mice were infected with t. spiralis, nippostrongylus brasiliensis, heligmosomoides polygyrus or schistosoma mansoni and tissue samples taken at various time-points post-infection to determine paneth and ... | 2002 | 12358424 |
| lectin-blot analyses of trichinella spiralis muscle larvae excretory-secretory components. | the rapid recognition of invading pathogen polysaccharides by host lectins might have a significant role in the outcome of the infection. oligosaccharide structures of the pathogens may provoke an antibody response and serve as a target for specific antibodies. it is well known that trichinella spiralis antigens, either on the surface or excreted-secreted, are key modulators or targets of the host immune system. in our study of the role of lectins in host defense against t. spiralis infection, a ... | 2002 | 12375167 |
| intestinal nematode infection ameliorates experimental colitis in mice. | epidemiological studies suggest that inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) is common in developed countries and rare in countries where intestinal nematode infections are common. t cells are critical in many immune responses, including those associated with ibd and nematode infection. among the distinct t helper (th) cell subsets, th1-type immune response is predominantly associated with crohn's disease, while many nematode infections generate a strong th2 response. the reciprocal cross regulation be ... | 2002 | 12379667 |
| changes in the inhibitory responses to electrical field stimulation of intestinal smooth muscle from trichinella spiralis infected rats. | functional motor changes and morphological alterations have been associated with intestinal inflammation. the aim of this work was to study functional motor changes in inflamed and non-inflamed intestinal segments of trichinella spiralis infected rats. thickness of muscle layers and cell infiltration during infection were also evaluated. segments of rat jejunum and ileum were placed in organ bath and relaxations of the longitudinal muscle in response to electrical field stimulation (efs) were re ... | 2002 | 12408878 |
| a clinical study of eosinophilic meningoencephalitis caused by angiostrongyliasis. | to improve the clinician's awareness of angiostrongyliasis. | 2002 | 12411101 |
| effects of trichinella spiralis on survival, total mass, and organ mass of oldfield mice (peromyscus polionotus). | trichinella spiralis is a parasitic nematode that infects many mammals, including humans. hosts may experience significant physiological changes or may die because of acute inflammatory immune responses toward the parasite. in this study, oldfield mice (peromyscus polionotus) were used as a new experimental host for t. spiralis. males of p. polionotus were infected with increasing doses of t. spiralis to determine the effect infection had on survival, mass change, total mass, and relative organ ... | 2002 | 12435116 |
| nasal immunization with homogenate and peptide antigens induces protective immunity against trichinella spiralis. | mice were successfully immunized against the intestinal nematode trichinella spiralis by intranasal administration of a 30-mer peptide antigen with cholera toxin b. immunized mice developed antigen-specific serum immunoglobulin g1, intestinal immunoglobulin a, and a type 2-biased cytokine response. intranasal immunization therefore generates the th2-mediated responses required for immunity against intestinal parasites. | 2002 | 12438399 |
| monoclonal antibodies raised in btk(xid) mice reveal new antigenic relationships and molecular interactions among gp53 and other trichinella glycoproteins. | tyvelose-bearing glycoproteins or trichinella spiralis group 1 antigens (tsl-1 antigens) are thought to be key molecules in the immunobiology of trichinella. in the present study, we investigated the binding characteristics of several mabs produced in btk(xid) immunodeficient mice that recognise gp53 and some other minor glycoproteins of this parasite. the data obtained reveal the existence of an o-glycan/peptide epitope (recognised by mab us8) common to all tsl-1 glycoproteins, as well as a spe ... | 2002 | 12467984 |
| synthesis of anthelmintically active n-methylated amidoxime analogues of the cyclic octadepsipeptide pf1022a. | the n-methylated amidoxime analogues of the cyclic octadepsipeptide pf1022a represent novel derivatives with activity against trichinella spiralis owen and nippostrongylus brasiliensis lane in vitro and against parasitic nematodes in mice and sheep. some of them show better activity against hymenolepis nana siebold, heterakis spumosa schneider and heligmosomoides polygyrus dujardin in mice than the natural product pf1022a. in particular an improved efficacy against haemonchus contortus rudolphi ... | 2002 | 12476993 |
| trichinellosis in china: epidemiology and control. | the first outbreak of human trichinellosis in china, according to official national publication, was registered in tibet in 1964. since then, more than 500 outbreaks, numbering 25161 cases with 240 deaths, have been recorded. however, this reported quantity is probably highly underestimated because adequate diagnostic techniques might not have been available in the whole area. moreover, infection in animals is widespread over china, with the prevalence of pig trichinellosis being as high as 4% i ... | 2002 | 12482541 |
| modulatory effects of calf thymus extract on the subset of t lymphocytes in trichinella spiralis-infected mice. | the immunotropic properties of calf thymus extract (tfx-jelfa) is connected with the mimic action of the thymus to modulate the differentiation, maturation and function of prothymocytes and mature thymus dependent (t) cells. the studies were carried out on cfw male mice aged 3 months. the animals were infected per os with 200 larvae of trichinella spiralis. tfx-jelfa was administered i.p. at a dose of 10 mg/kg seven times at 24 hour intervals prior to infection. the percentage of cd4+ and cd8+ i ... | 2002 | 12512558 |
| bacterial-parasite interaction between salmonella and each of fasciola gigantica and trichinella spiralis. | the possibility of bacterial-parasite interaction between salmonella typhimurium and the surface of each of fasciola gigantica metacercariae and trichinella spiralis larvae was investigated in vitro. two studies were carried out. in the first, s. typhimurium were incubated in vitro with the metacercariae of f. gigantica. in the second, s. typhimurium was incubated with larvae of t. spiralis. the interactions of s. typhimurium with each of f. gigantica metacercariae and t. spiralis larvae were st ... | 2002 | 12512807 |
| bioavailability and efficacy characteristics of two different oral liquid formulations of albendazole. | the oral bioavailability and anthelmintic efficacy in mice of a new formulation of albendazole (abz) dissolved in a solution of hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (hpcd) are compared with a conventional abz suspension of carboxymethylcellulose. plasma concentrations of abz and albendazole sulphoxide (abz-so), its active and main metabolite, were assayed by hplc. the auc(0- infinity ) and c(max) values obtained for both abz and abz-so, after administration of the abz-hpcd solution were significantly ... | 2003 | 12527162 |
| trichinella spiralis-specific monoclonal antibodies and affinity-purified antigen-based diagnosis. | hybridomas secreting monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to trichinella spiralis were produced. myeloma cells were fused with splenocytes of a mouse immunized with excretory-secretory (e-s) antigen of infective larvae. a large percentage of growing hybrids secreted antibodies cross-reactive to many of 23 heterologous parasites tested. only 6 monoclones (designated 3f2, 5d1, 10f6, 11e4, 13d6 and 14d11) secreted mabs specific to the e-s antigen and/or a crude extract (ce) of t. spiralis infective larvae. ... | 2000 | 12546056 |
| study on the possible role of heat shock proteins in host resistance to trichinella spiralis infection in experimental animals. | the expression of heat shock proteins (hsps) and their immunogenic role in host parasite relationship has been studied in t. spiralis infection in mice. two groups of infective stage larvae were incubated at 37 degrees c or at 43 degrees c for 3 hours in a nutrient medium. crude somatic extracts and excretory/secretory (e/s) products were obtained. quantitative estimation and in vitro translation of mrna were carried out. crude somatic extracts, e/s products and in vitro translated proteins were ... | 2001 | 12557937 |
| evaluation of fast-elisa for the diagnosis of experimental trichniosis. | in order to compare between fast-elisa and elisa for the diagnosis of experimental trichinosis and study the kinetics of antibody and eosinophilic responses, six new zeland rabbits were infected orally by trichinella spiralis larvae. blood was collected every other day for the first 2 weeks, then weekly for eleven weeks post infection. t. spiralis crude larval antigen was prepared for coating of elisa plates and fast-elisa beads. blood was examined for eosinophilic count and for serum antibody l ... | 1999 | 12561904 |
| study on rodents infestation in alexandria and prevalence of trichinella spiralis infection among them. | rodents were monthly collected from the six districts of alexandria all year round using live traps. the 1025 collected rodents were divided according to species, gender, age, and weight el-amryia and el-montaza were the most infested districts, while west, east, middle and el-gomrok districts were the lowest infested ones. rallus norvegicus was the highest abundant species in the city (41.9%) followed by r. rattus (37.2%), then mus musculus (20.9%). there was no difference in abundance of roden ... | 1999 | 12561929 |
| reciprocal heterologous protection between trichinella spiralis and toxoplasma gondii concurrently present in experimental murine models. | mixed parasitic infections have been long seen as a double impact on the host. in this study a different view of polyparasitism is demonstrated. the influence of the immunological environments created by two biologically different parasites on the pathogenesis of each other was evaluated. swiss albino mice were sequentially infected with the intracellular protozoan toxoplasma gondii (acute and latent), which elicits a t-helper 1 (th1)-polarized immune response and the helminth parasite trichinel ... | 1999 | 12561934 |
| [immunoregulation of il-2 in trichinella-infected mice]. | to study the immunoregulation of il-2 in trichinella-infected mice. | 1999 | 12563740 |
| diagnosis of trichinosis by indirect fluorescent antibody test with trichinella larva section. | to evaluate the value of indirect fluorescent antibody test (ifat) in diagnosing trichinosis. | 1999 | 12563812 |
| [morpholgical, histological and histochemical observations on the effect of albendazole on encysted larvae of trichinella spiralis in mice]. | to study the mechanism of action of albendazole on encysted larvae of trichinella spiralis in mice. | 1999 | 12563833 |
| [localization and characterization of partial immunodominant antigen epitopes of trichinella spiralis]. | to screen and characterize immunodominant antigen epitopes on the soluble antigens of trichinella spiralis (t.s.). | 2000 | 12567663 |
| [screening and sequence analysis of the adult stage-specific gene of trichinella spiralis]. | to obtain the sequence of the adult stage-specific gene of trichinella spiralis. | 2001 | 12571985 |
| [immunity against schistosoma japonicum induced by phage display peptides mimicking antigenic epitopes of trichinella spiralis]. | to obtain the short peptides mimicking antigenic epitopes of trichinella spiralis (t. s.), and explore their cross protective immunity against schistosoma japonicum (s.j.) in mice. | 2001 | 12572038 |
| [cloning and characterization of three novel genes encoding transmembrane proteins of schistosoma japonicum]. | to clone and analyze novel antigen molecules of schistosoma japonicum (sj), and to provide effective vaccine candidate antigens against schistosomiasis japonica. | 2001 | 12572058 |
| molecular cloning and expression of the full-length tropomyosin gene from trichinella spiralis. | a clone, designated as tstm, was selected from the cdna library of newborn larvae (nbl) of trichinella spiralis through immunoscreening against infected sera. the clone contained a cdna transcript of 855 bp in length with a single open reading frame, which encoded 285-amino acids (33 kda in the estimated molecular weight). a sequence analysis revealed that the clone tstm encoded the full-length of tropomyosin gene. the phylogenetic analysis of the tropomyosin gene was in good agreement with the ... | 2003 | 12590666 |
| a spectrum of antibody (igg. igg1, igm) response in mice infected with trichinella spiralis treated with l-mimosine. | the purpose of this study was to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effects of l-mimosine on chronic inflammation, by investigating its effect on the immunological response of balb/c mice infected with the nematode parasite trichinella spiralis. specific anti-parasite immunoglobulins (igg, igg1 and igm) were detected by the elisa method in the serum of both the treated and the untreated animals at different periods of time for 60 days post infection. two groups consisting of 18 mice each were use ... | 2002 | 12593784 |
| a family history of deoxyribonuclease ii: surprises from trichinella spiralis and burkholderia pseudomallei. | deoxyribonuclease iialpha (dnase iialpha) is an acidic endonuclease found in lysosomes and nuclei, and it is also secreted. though its caenorhabditis elegans homolog, nuc-1, is required for digesting dna of apoptotic cell corpses and dietary dna, it is not required for viability. however, dnase iialpha is required in mice for correct development and viability, because undigested cell corpses lead to lesions throughout the body. recently, we showed that, in contrast to previous reports, active dn ... | 2003 | 12594037 |
| somatostatin inhibits intestinal mucosal mast cell degranulation in normal conditions and during mast cell hyperplasia. | several studies demonstrate that intestinal mucosal mast cells (immc) are modulated by nervous reflexes as well as by intraluminal content. we recently demonstrated that peptones, such as ovalbumin hydrolysate (ovh), induce the release of rat mast cell protease ii (rmcp ii), indicating immc degranulation. the response is due to complex neuroendocrine reflexes. somatostatin (ss) and its analogues have been used as potential treatments for inflammation in other body systems with contradictory resu ... | 2003 | 12609751 |
| mouse mast cells express the tryptic protease neuropsin/prss19. | the only tryptic enzymes identified so far in mouse mast cells (mcs) are three members of the chromosome 17a3.3 family of neutral proteases. sequence analysis of a cdna library revealed that balb/c mouse bone marrow-derived mcs express neuropsin, a member of the chromosome 7b2 family of tryptic kallikreins. kinetic studies revealed that neuropsin is expressed relatively early in mc development. as assessed immunohistochemically, the mcs residing in numerous connective tissues store neuropsin in ... | 2003 | 12646205 |
| changes in the activity of glutathione-s-transferase in muscles and sera from mice infected with trichinella spiralis after treatment with albendazole and levamisole. | in this study, changes in gst activity before and after treatment with antiparasitic drugs were measured in muscles and sera from mice infected with trichinella spiralis between the 2nd and 9th weeks post-infection (wpi). levamisole and albendazole, two anthelmintics with a different mode of action, were used. an about twofold stimulation of gst activity in the 2nd wpi and in the later muscular phase (6-7 wpi) was observed in muscles from animals treated with albendazole. in addition, a statisti ... | 2003 | 12658466 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a serine proteinase gene of trichinella spiralis. | a serine proteinase gene was isolated from a cdna library of trichinella spiralis muscle larvae at 30 days post-infection (pi). the library was immunoscreened with t. spiralis-infected sera. a clone, designated ts23-2, contained a cdna transcript of 1,445 bp that encoded a putative signal peptide of 27 amino acids, a proregion of 20 amino acids, and a predicted mature enzyme of 374 amino acids. the predicted molecular mass of the ts23-2 mature protein was 42.3 kda. the enzyme comprised 2 regions ... | 2003 | 12659309 |
| modulation of intestinal muscle contraction by interleukin-9 (il-9) or il-9 neutralization: correlation with worm expulsion in murine nematode infections. | immune responses associated with intestinal nematode infections are characterized by the activation of t-helper 2 (th2) cells. previous studies demonstrated that during trichinella spiralis infection, th2 cells contribute to the development of intestinal muscle hypercontractility and to worm eviction from the gut, in part through signal transducer and activator of transcription factor 6 (stat6). interleukin-9 (il-9), a th2-cell-derived cytokine, has pleiotropic activities on various cells that a ... | 2003 | 12704113 |
| glucose uptake and metabolism in the trichinella spiralis nurse cell. | isolated trichinella spiralis nurse cells transport a significantly greater amount of glucose/mg of protein than the normal skeletal muscle cell line (l6). v(max) and k(m) estimations revealed that nurse cells have a much higher saturation point than l6 cells for glucose. the effects of numerous physiological conditions (na(+) concentration, ph, and temperature) on nurse cell glucose uptake were investigated. it was determined that sodium concentration had no effect on glucose uptake. low (<6.5) ... | 2003 | 12705933 |
| vaccination trial against experimental trichrinellosis using autoclaved trichinella spiralis larvae vaccine (atslv). | the autoclaved trichinella spiralis larvae vaccine (atslv) was tested and showed a surprising and somewhat unpredictable effect on the immune system of mice experimentally infected with t. spiralis. the vaccine was given with bacille calmette guerin (bcg) as an adjuvant at different durations and by different routes of administration. the best result was achieved by given the vaccine twice intradermally with two weeks interval, as evidenced by a significant reduction in adult and larval count, a ... | 2003 | 12739813 |
| cystatin capture-dot-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunodiagnosis and assessment of cure of experimental trichinellosis in mice. | cystatin capture dot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cc-dot elisa) was evaluated as a new version of elisa for diagnosis of trichinellosis by the detection of anti-trichinella spiralis cysteine proteinase (cyp) igg, using nitrocellulose membrane sensitized with cystatin as a capture reagent for cyp from t. spiralis muscle larvae excretory secretory products (esp) without purification, compared to the detection of anti-t. spiralis igg by conventional (conv.) elisa, using whole esp. experimenta ... | 2003 | 12739817 |
| immunoparasitological parameters of the intestinal phase of trichinellosis in rats. | enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) were developed in order to detect coproantigens (cags), coproantibodies (cabs) and faecal immune complexes (fic) in rats experimentally infected with trichinella spiralis. the usefulness of these assays was compared to that of a conventional elisa for detection of serum antibodies (abs) to muscle larvae excretory-secretory products (ml-esp). the elisa for cags was the first parameter to give a positive result but the detection was limited only to day 2 ... | 2003 | 12741511 |
| characterization and cloning of metallo-proteinase in the excretory/secretory products of the infective-stage larva of trichinella spiralis. | inhibitor sensitivity assays using azocaesin and ftc-caesin as substrates showed that the excretory/secretory (e/s) products of the infective-stage larvae of trichinella spiralis contained serine, metallo-, cysteine and aspartic proteinases. the activity of the metallo-proteinase was zinc ion dependent (within a range of znso(4) concentrations). gelatin-substrate gel electrophoresis revealed two bands of molecular mass 48 and 58 kda which were sensitive to the metallo-proteinase inhibitor edta. ... | 2003 | 12743801 |
| trichinella spiralis infection is mediated by mcp-1 and mip-2, while echinococcus granulosus is strongly mediated by mcp-1, but not mip-2. | the chemokine supergene family are small proteins (8-10 kd) inducible in a number of pathophysiological processes. c-x-c family members are specific largely on neutrophils; whereas c-c chemokines act primarily on monocytes, t-cells, basophils and eosinophils. a wide variety of cell types produce chemokines in response to stimuli, including: infections, mitogens and inflammatory cytokines. here we found that parasitic diseases, such as trichinella spiralis and echinococcus granulosus produce, mcp ... | 2000 | 12749774 |
| biological variation in trichinella species and genotypes. | at present, the genus trichinella comprises seven species of which five have encapsulated muscle larvae (t. spiralis, t. nativa, t. britovi, t. nelsoni and t. murrelli) and two do not (t. pseudospiralis and t. papuae) plus three genotypes of non-specific status (t6, t8 and t9). the diagnostic characteristics of these species are based on biological, biochemical and genetic criteria. of biological significance is variation observed among species and isolates in parameters such as infectivity and ... | 2003 | 12756064 |
| responses of inbred mouse strains to infection with intestinal nematodes. | comparisons were made of the immune and inflammatory responses of four strains of inbred mice to infection with the intestinal nematodes trichinella spiralis and nippostrongylus brasiliensis to determine whether genetically determined 'high responsiveness' to infection, seen most clearly in intestinal responses, is independent of the parasite concerned and necessarily correlated with protection. the time course of infection was followed by counting adult worms at intervals after infection. mucos ... | 2003 | 12756065 |
| host-parasite interactions in rodent nematode infections. | in rodents, trichinella spiralis and nippostrongylus brasiliensis infect the small intestine and trichuris muris resides in the colon. the intestinal host response in these animals is characterized by changes in mucosal architecture and inflammation and is associated with worm expulsion. the requirement of t cell-mediated host response in worm expulsion has been demonstrated over many years. subsequent studies have shown that th2-type, but not th1-type, responses mediate resistance to the nemato ... | 2003 | 12756066 |
| mucosal mast cells and nematode infection: strain-specific differences in mast cell precursor frequency revisited. | mucosal mast cells (mmc) play an important role in the immune response against selected species of intestinal nematode. the kinetics with which different strains of inbred mice resolve infection with trichinella spiralis correlates with their ability to mount mmc responses in the intestinal mucosa. homologues of mmc that express and constitutively secrete abundant amounts of the granule chymase, mouse mast cell protease-1 (mmcp-1), can be generated in vitro from bone marrow cultures supplemented ... | 2003 | 12756069 |
| effect of nitric oxide releasing drugs on the intensity of infection during experimental trichinellosis in mice. | nitric oxide (no) has been shown to play a critical role in various physiological and pathological conditions. apart from its physiological functions, no indirectly participates in certain aspects of the pathology of infectious diseases. the aim of this work was to examine the influence of no-releasing drugs on the intensity of infection in mice infected with trichinella spiralis. the selected substances were nitroglycerin, isosorbide dinitrate, nitrendipine, sildenafil, and pentaerythritol. the ... | 2003 | 12756554 |
| social, political, and economic factors responsible for the reemergence of trichinellosis in serbia: a case study. | over the past decade, eastern europe has experienced a resurgence of trichinellosis. a recent outbreak in serbia, yugoslavia, from december 2001 to january 2002, involving 309 people, revealed many of the causes for this reemergence. epidemiological investigations indicate that the immediate cause of the recent outbreak was the consumption of smoked sausages produced by a small slaughterhouse or meat processor. however, failure of in-house meat inspection procedures and quality assurance as well ... | 2003 | 12760633 |
| a common-source outbreak of trichinosis from consumption of bear meat. | this paper discusses an outbreak of trichinosis that occurred in 1998 in montgomery county, ohio, and the investigation that followed. the outbreak was associated with consumption of bear meat from a hunt in ontario, canada. the person who had the index case had eaten two bear burgers that were cooked rare in a microwave oven. bear meat from the same hunt later was consumed by 15 other people at a church supper and an additional 13 people who did not attend the supper. of the 15 attendees at the ... | 2003 | 12762120 |
| mast cells disrupt epithelial barrier function during enteric nematode infection. | we have investigated the influence of mast cells on the barrier function of intestinal epithelium during nematode infection. trichinella spiralis infection induces a strong type 2 cytokine-mediated inflammation, resulting in a critical mucosal mastocytosis that is known to mediate expulsion of the parasites from the intestine. the host response to infection is also characterized by an increase in mucosal leakiness. we show here that intestinal epithelial permeability is markedly elevated during ... | 2003 | 12796512 |
| molecular identification of korean trichinella isolates. | muscle larvae of trichinella isolates from two outbreaks in korea were analyzed by a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp) and multiple-pcr. all of the muscle larvae showed a band similar to that of t. spiralis larvae of the reference strain. the two korean trichinella isolates (isolate code iss623 and iss1078) might be classifiable to trichinella spiralis. | 2003 | 12815326 |
| inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitors ameliorate hypermotility observed after t. spiralis infection in the rat. | trichinella spiralis infection in rodents is a well-known model of intestinal inflammation associated with hypermotility and hypersecretion. our aim was to use this experimental model to elucidate if inos was involved in the development of gastrointestinal hypermotility. rats infected with trichinella spiralis were treated for 4 days with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitors l-name or l-nil. treatment began either simultaneously with the infection or 3 days after infection when inflammation was ... | 2003 | 12822860 |
| persistence of trichinella spiralis in rat carcasses experimentally mixed in different feed. | trichinella spiralis infected rat carcasses were incubated for 6 weeks in several animal feeds to assess how long trichinella can present a risk for an outbreak in contaminated feeds. in groups of 6, 24 infected target rats were placed in silage, grained barley, propionic acid-preserved feed, and also into simulated pasture conditions. test environments were sampled after one-, 2-, 4-, and 6-week-incubations. trichinella larvae were recovered by digestion, and their infectivity was evaluated in ... | 2002 | 12831173 |
| molecular expression and characterization of a homologue of host cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor from trichinella spp. | a homologue of cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (mif) from complementary dna (cdna) of trichinella spiralis and trichinella pseudospiralis was expressed in escherichia coli and characterized. the sequence analysis indicated that the predicted amino acid sequence has an identity of 57 and 44% with the mif of nematodes trichuris trichiura and brugia malayi respectively, and 41 and 40% with that of a human and a mouse, respectively. the identity in sequences of cdna and amino acids b ... | 2003 | 12880250 |
| [prokaryotic expression and characterization of an antigenic gene of adult trichinella spiralis]. | to obtain a purified ts87 gene expression product of adult trichinella spiralis and identify its immunogenicity. | 2003 | 12884582 |
| [structure predication and function analysis on the stage-specific serine proteinase in newborn larvae of trichinella spiralis]. | | 2003 | 12884599 |
| [construction and expression of the recombinant plasmid pcdna3.1/ts87 of trichinella spiralis]. | to construct and express dna plasmid of trichinella spiralis. | 2003 | 12884619 |
| human serum antibodies against shared antigens of different stages of trichinella spiralis: relevance of glycan and protein epitopes. | taking into account that antibodies against the surface antigens of newborn larvae (anti-nbl abs) present in sera from individuals with chronic trichinellosis recognize antigenic determinants of the excretory-secretory muscle larva products (ml-esp), and that these products are mainly glycoproteins, the aim of this work was to assess the frequency of anti-nbl abs in sera from individuals with acute and chronic trichinellosis, to analyse the relevance of glycan and protein epitopes of the ml-esp ... | 2003 | 12898226 |
| insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins in the circulation of patients with echinococcosis, trichinellosis and toxoplasmosis. | insulin-like growth factors (igfs) are polypeptide hormones that play anabolic roles in cellular growth and metabolism. their activity is regulated by binding proteins (igfbps) and degradation mechanisms. the liver is regarded as the main source of circulating forms and the levels change in various disease states. the aim of the study was to explore the effects of parasitic infections on the circulating igfs and igfbps. | 2003 | 12927688 |
| efficacy of albendazole against early and late stage of trichinella spiralis infection in mice. | efficacy of albendazole against early and late stage of trichinella spiralis infection in mice was determined. to determine the efficacy of albendazole against the early stage (enteral phase) of trichinosis, mice experimentally infected with t. spiralis were treated with albendazole 20 mg/kg at 7 days post infection for 15 days. larvae were recovered from the infected mice 7 days after the treatment. the reduction rate of the larvae was 100 per cent. efficacy of albendazole against the late stag ... | 2003 | 12929998 |
| contrasting roles for il-10 in protective immunity to different life cycle stages of intestinal nematode parasites. | expulsion of the gastro-intestinal nematode trichinella spiralis is associated with a pronounced mastocytosis mediated by a t helper (th) 2 type response involving interleukin (il)-4 and il-13. here we demonstrate that il-10 is a key regulator of protective immune responses against t. spiralis in vivo. il-10 knockout mice or normal mice treated with a neutralizing anti-il-10 receptor antibody are highly susceptible to a primary t. spiralis infection and show significantly delayed adult worm expu ... | 2003 | 12938214 |
| [post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome. a review based on current evidence]. | pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (ibs) is multifactorial. recent investigations have associated episodes of infectious gastroenteritis with development of ibs. this condition is named post-infectious ibs (pi-ibs). the role of inflammation-infection in ibs pathogenesis is not well understood. | 2003 | 12940101 |
| protein prenyltransferases: anchor size, pseudogenes and parasites. | lipid modification of eukaryotic proteins by protein prenyltransferases is required for critical signaling pathways, cell cycle progression, cytoskeleton remodeling, induction of apoptosis and vesicular trafficking. this review analyzes the influence of distinct states of sequential posttranslational processing that can be obtained after single or double prenylation, reversible palmitoylation, proteolytic cleavage of the c-terminus and possible reversible carboxymethylation. this series of modif ... | 2003 | 12956414 |
| il-10 prevents liver necrosis during murine infection with trichinella spiralis. | infection with trichinella spiralis rarely leads to significant morbidity. in this study, we show that il-10 knockout mice infected with this parasite develop extensive areas of coagulative necrosis in the liver, and newborn larvae are required for lesion formation. histopathological examination revealed that the hepatic inflammatory infiltrate was mixed but dominated by eosinophils. accordingly, infected il-10 knockout mice displayed a marked eosinophilia. il-10 was expressed during infection i ... | 2003 | 12960341 |
| development and evaluation of a western blot kit for diagnosis of human trichinellosis. | we evaluated industrially prepared western blot strips designed to avoid the cross-reactions observed with indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays used for the serodiagnosis of trichinellosis. the antigen preparations were crude extracts of trichinella spiralis. the western blot profile characteristic of trichinellosis was characterized by comparing 60 sera from patients infected by trichinella to 11 sera from healthy subjects, 51 sera from patients with other proven p ... | 2003 | 12965906 |
| neutral endopeptidase (ec 3.4.24.11) downregulates the onset of intestinal inflammation in the nematode infected mouse. | substance p (sp) release from sensory nerves induces neurogenic inflammation. neutral endopeptidase (nep) degrades sp, thereby limiting its proinflammatory effects. intestinal inflammation following trichinella spiralis infection markedly downregulates nep, resulting in diminished sp degradation, with unknown functional consequences. we hypothesised that diminished expression of nep would exacerbate t spiralis induced enteritis. | 2003 | 12970139 |
| vascular changes in the cheek pouch of the golden hamster during infection with trichinella spiralis larvae. | | 1952 | 12986267 |
| a preliminary comparative study of test antigens prepared from adult and larval forms of trichinella spiralis. | | 1952 | 13019649 |
| flocculation reactions in rabbits experimentally infected with trichinella spiralis. | | 1953 | 13022996 |
| studies on the nature of immunity to trichinella spiralis in parabiotic rats. i. a preliminary study of the immune response of the uninfected rat as determined by observation of the intestinal phase. | | 1953 | 13040321 |
| studies on the nature of immunity to trichinella spiralis in parabiotic rats. iii. the immune response in parabiotic rats surgically separated from their mates five days after one member of the experimental pairs received an immunizing dose of trichinella spiralis. | | 1953 | 13040322 |
| studies in old mice to test the hypotheses of local and general immunity to trichinella spiralis. | | 1953 | 13109245 |
| focal cerebral injury due to trichinella spiralis. | | 1953 | 13109513 |
| the working ability of rats infected with trichinella spiralis. | | 1954 | 13124321 |
| studies on the nature of immunity to trichinella spiralis in parabiotic rats. iv. the immune response in uninfected parabiotic rats surgically separated from their mates 2,3,4, or 5 days after the latter received an immunizing infection. | | 1954 | 13124323 |
| studies on the nature of immunity to trichinella spiralis in parabiotic rats. v. the strength of the immune response in the uninfected twin one month after its mate received an immunizing infection of trichinella at the rate of 15 larvae per gram of body weight. | | 1954 | 13124324 |
| up-regulation of the 31 kda dehydroascorbate reductase in the modified skeletal muscle cell (nurse cell) during trichinella spp. infection. | ascorbic acid (aa) is an important factor of defence against oxidative stress. aa is maintained in the reduced functional form by glutathione (gsh)-dependent dehydroascorbate (dha) reducing enzymes, including the cytosolic glutaredoxin, the microsomal protein disulphide isomerase, and a dha reductase of 31 kda, hereafter referred to as dhar, purified from rat liver cytosol and human red cells. as these mechanisms have rarely been studied in parasites, we looked for the possible presence of this ... | 2003 | 13129525 |
| a histopathologic study of the anterior small intestine of immunized and nonimmunized mice infected with trichinella spiralis. | | 1954 | 13174841 |
| the distribution, longevity and sex ratio of trichinella spiralis in hamsters following an initial infection. | | 1954 | 13212547 |
| studies on the nature of immunity to trichinella spiralis in parabiotic rats. vi. the origin and distribution of larval trichinella in the muscles of parabiotic rats following a single infection of one twin. | | 1955 | 13228407 |
| studies on the nature of immunity to trichinella spiralis in parabiotic rats. vii. the immune response of the uninfected twin one month after its mate received an immunizing dose of irradiated (x-ray) larvae. | | 1955 | 13228408 |
| studies on the nature of immunity to trichinella spiralis in parabiotic rats. viii. the duration of the immune response in the uninfected parabiotic rat following infection of one twin with trichinella spiralis. | | 1955 | 13228409 |
| studies on trichinella spiralis. i. concerning the time and site of insemination of females of trichinella spiralis. ii. time of initial recovery of larvae of trichinella spiralis from blood of experimental animals. iii. effect on the intestinal phase of trichinosis of feeding massive numbers of irradiated trichina larvae. iv. effect of feeding irradiated trichinella larvae on production of immunity to re-infection. v. tests for a strain of trichina larvae resistant to radiation. | | 1955 | 13248923 |
| the effect of irradiation of trichinella spiralis on immunity and its public health implication. | | 1955 | 13259019 |
| incorporation of c14-labeled amino acids by trichinella spiralis larvae. | | 1955 | 13262072 |
| the antigenic role of the excretions and secretions of trichinella spiralis in the production of immunity in mice. | | 1955 | 13264021 |
| effects of cortisone on trichinella spiralis infections in nonimmunized mice. | | 1955 | 13264022 |
| trichinella spiralis in the diaphragms of humans and swine. | | 1955 | 13266956 |
| some effects of cortisone in mice with acquired immunity to trichinella spiralis. | | 1956 | 13295623 |
| cellular factors in acquired immunity to trichinella spiralis, as indicated by cortisone treatment of mice. | | 1956 | 13319778 |
| in vitro metabolism of dl-alanine-2-c-14 and glycine-2-c-14 by trichinella spiralis larvae. | | 1956 | 13322961 |
| studies on the helminth fauna of alaska. xxvii. the occurrence of larvae of trichinella spiralis in alaskan mammals. | | 1956 | 13332493 |
| [experimental preservation of trichinella spiralis cysts in various chemical substances; use in a study of its parasitism in hogs and other mammals]. | | 1955 | 13336720 |
| a study of antigenic relationships between trichinella spiralis and salmonella typhi. | | 1956 | 13357749 |
| the association in young mice of intestinal inflammation and the loss of adult worms following an initial infection with trichinella spiralis. | | 1956 | 13357774 |
| effects of cortisone on cellular inflammation in the musculature of mice given one infection with trichinella spiralis. | | 1956 | 13367955 |
| studies on trichinella spiralis. vi. effects of cobalt-60 and x-ray on morphology and reproduction. | | 1957 | 13394691 |
| the distribution of the larvae of trichinella spiralis in the muscles, viscera and central nervous system in cases of trichinosis at liverpool in 1953, and the relation of the severity of the illness to the intensity of infection. | | 1956 | 13395325 |
| studies on the cytochrome system of trichinella spiralis. | | 1956 | 13396021 |
| effect of single inocula, of varied size, on the resistance of hamsters to trichinella spiralis. | | 1956 | 13398866 |