| suppressing a putative sterol carrier gene reduces plasmodesmal permeability and activates sucrose transporter genes during cotton fiber elongation. | plasmodesmata (pds) play vital roles in cell-to-cell communication and plant development. emerging evidence suggests that sterols are involved in pd activity during cytokinesis. however, whether sterols contribute to pd gating between established cells remains unknown. here, we isolated ghscp2d, a putative sterol carrier protein gene from elongating cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fibers. in contrast to wild-type fiber pds, which opened at 5 to 10 d postanthesis (dpa) and closed only at 15 to 25 dpa ... | 2017 | 28747422 |
| enriching an intraspecific genetic map and identifying qtl for fiber quality and yield component traits across multiple environments in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | cotton is a significant commercial crop that plays an indispensable role in many domains. constructing high-density genetic maps and identifying stable quantitative trait locus (qtl) controlling agronomic traits are necessary prerequisites for marker-assisted selection (mas). a total of 14,899 ssr primer pairs designed from the genome sequence of g. raimondii were screened for polymorphic markers between mapping parents ccri 35 and yumian 1, and 712 ssr markers showing polymorphism were used to ... | 2017 | 28733817 |
| ghsos1, a plasma membrane na+/h+ antiporter gene from upland cotton, enhances salt tolerance in transgenic arabidopsis thaliana. | upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.), an important source of natural fiber, can tolerate relatively high salinity and drought stresses. in the present study, a plasma membrane na+/h+ antiporter gene, ghsos1, was cloned from a salt-tolerant genotype of g. hirsutum, zhong 9807. the expression level of ghsos1 in cotton roots was significantly upregulated in the presence of high concentrations of nacl (200 mm), while its transcript abundance was increased when exposed to low temperature and drought ... | 2017 | 28723926 |
| tissue and cell-specific transcriptomes in cotton reveal the subtleties of gene regulation underlying the diversity of plant secondary cell walls. | knowledge of plant secondary cell wall (scw) regulation and deposition is mainly based on the arabidopsis model of a 'typical' lignocellulosic scw. however, scws in other plants can vary from this. the scw of mature cotton seed fibres is highly cellulosic and lacks lignification whereas xylem scws are lignocellulosic. we used cotton as a model to study different scws and the expression of the genes involved in their formation via rna deep sequencing and chemical analysis of stem and seed fibre. | 2017 | 28720072 |
| global analysis of dna methylation in young (j1) and senescent (j2) gossypium hirsutum l. cotyledons by medip-seq. | dna methylation is an important epigenetic modification regulating gene expression, genomic imprinting, transposon silencing and chromatin structure in plants and plays an important role in leaf senescence. however, the dna methylation pattern during gossypium hirsutum l. cotyledon senescence is poorly understood. in this study, global dna methylation patterns were compared between two cotyledon development stages, young (j1) and senescence (j2), using methylated dna immunoprecipitation (medip-s ... | 2017 | 28715427 |
| identification and functional analysis of two p450 enzymes of gossypium hirsutum involved in dmnt and tmtt biosynthesis. | the homoterpenes (3e)-4,8-dimethyl-1,3,7-nonatriene (dmnt) and (e,e)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene (tmtt) are major herbivore-induced plant volatiles that can attract predatory or parasitic arthropods to protect injured plants from herbivore attack. in this study, dmnt and tmtt were confirmed to be emitted from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) plants infested with chewing caterpillars or sucking bugs. two cyp genes (ghcyp82l1 and ghcyp82l2) involved in homoterpene biosynthesis in g. hirsu ... | 2017 | 28710782 |
| regulation of cotton (gossypium hirsutum) drought responses by mitogen-activated protein (map) kinase cascade-mediated phosphorylation of ghwrky59. | drought is a key limiting factor for cotton (gossypium spp.) production, as more than half of the global cotton supply is grown in regions with high water shortage. however, the underlying mechanism of the response of cotton to drought stress remains elusive. by combining genome-wide transcriptome profiling and a loss-of-function screen using virus-induced gene silencing, we identified gossypium hirsutum ghwrky59 as an important transcription factor that regulates the drought stress response in ... | 2017 | 28700082 |
| proteomic analysis of differences in fiber development between wild and cultivated gossypium hirsutum l. | upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) is one of the world's most important fiber crops, accounting for more than 90% of all cotton production. while their wild progenitors have relatively short and coarse, often tan-colored fibers, modern cotton cultivars possess longer, finer, stronger, and whiter fiber. in this study, the wild and cultivated cottons (yu-3 and tm-1) selected show significant differences on fibers at 10 days postanthesis (dpa), 20 dpa, and mature stages at the morphological leve ... | 2017 | 28683551 |
| the pin gene family in cotton (gossypium hirsutum): genome-wide identification and gene expression analyses during root development and abiotic stress responses. | cell elongation and expansion are significant contributors to plant growth and morphogenesis, and are often regulated by environmental cues and endogenous hormones. auxin is one of the most important phytohormones involved in the regulation of plant growth and development and plays key roles in plant cell expansion and elongation. cotton fiber cells are a model system for studying cell elongation due to their large size. cotton is also the world's most utilized crop for the production of natural ... | 2017 | 28673242 |
| genome-wide analysis of salinity-stress induced dna methylation alterations in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) using the me-dip sequencing technology. | cytosine dna methylation is a significant form of dna modification closely associated with gene expression in eukaryotes, fungi, animals, and plants. although the reference genomes of cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) have been publically available, the salinity-stress-induced dna methylome alterations in cotton are not well understood. here, we constructed a map of genome-wide dna methylation characteristics of cotton leaves under salt stress using the methylated dna immunoprecipitation sequencing ... | 2017 | 28671256 |
| effect of boron deficiency on anatomical structure and chemical composition of petioles and photosynthesis of leaves in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | the main symptom of boron (b) deficiency in cotton is the formation of brown rings on leaf petioles. the objective of the present study was to determine the changes in the anatomical structure and chemical composition of petioles and photosynthesis of leaves in cotton under b deficiency. compared to the control, b deficiency treatment resulted in large increases in the number of petioles with brown rings per plant (160.0%) and the number of rings on the petiole per functional leaf (711.1%) in co ... | 2017 | 28667263 |
| ghvln4 is involved in cell elongation via regulation of actin organization. | ghvln4 exhibited activity of cross-linking actin filaments into bundles. overexpression of ghvln4 increased the abundance of thick actin bundles and resulted in longer cell phenotypes. actin bundle is a dynamic, higher-order cytoskeleton structure that is essential for cell expansion. villin is one of the major proteins responsible for crosslinking actin filaments into bundles. however, this kind of actin binding protein has rarely been investigated in cotton. in the present work, a cotton villi ... | 2017 | 28647813 |
| simultaneous silencing of ghfad2-1 and ghfatb enhances the quality of cottonseed oil with high oleic acid. | cottonseed oil has become an important source of edible oil due to its significant cost advantage. however, there is a growing concern over its fatty acid composition and nutritional value. in gossypium hirsutum, ghfad2-1 and ghfatb encoding the microsomal oleate desaturase and palmitoyl-acyl carrier protein thioesterase, respectively, play critical roles in regulating the proportions of saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in cottonseed lipids. in this study, rnai technology was used to si ... | 2017 | 28644971 |
| cotton ascorbate oxidase promotes cell growth in cultured tobacco bright yellow-2 cells through generation of apoplast oxidation. | ascorbate oxidase (ao) plays an important role in cell growth through the modulation of reduction/oxidation (redox) control of the apoplast. here, a cotton (gossypium hirsutum) apoplastic ascorbate oxidase gene (ghao1) was obtained from fast elongating fiber tissues. ghao1 belongs to the multicopper oxidase (mco) family and includes a signal peptide and several transmembrane regions. analyses of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qrt-pcr) and enzyme activity showed that ghao1 was ... | 2017 | 28644407 |
| micrornas involved in auxin signalling modulate male sterility under high-temperature stress in cotton (gossypium hirsutum). | male sterility caused by long-term high-temperature (ht) stress occurs widely in crops. micrornas (mirnas), a class of endogenous non-coding small rnas, play an important role in the plant response to various abiotic stresses. to dissect the working principle of mirnas in male sterility under ht stress in cotton, a total of 112 known mirnas, 270 novel mirnas and 347 target genes were identified from anthers of ht-insensitive (84021) and ht-sensitive (h05) cotton cultivars under normal-temperatur ... | 2017 | 28635129 |
| genome-wide identification and characterization of micrornas differentially expressed in fibers in a cotton phytochrome a1 rnai line. | cotton fiber is an important commodity throughout the world. fiber property determines fiber quality and commercial values. previous studies showed that silencing phytochrome a1 gene (phya1) by rna interference in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l. cv. coker 312) had generated phya1 rnai lines with simultaneous improvements in fiber quality (longer, stronger and finer fiber) and other key agronomic traits. characterization of the altered molecular processes in these rnai genotypes and its wild ... | 2017 | 28614407 |
| genome-wide identification and characterization of snrk2 gene family in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | sucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase 2 (snrk2) is a plant-specific serine/threonine kinase family involved in the abscisic acid (aba) signaling pathway and responds to osmotic stress. a genome-wide analysis of this protein family has been conducted previously in some plant species, but little is known about snrk2 genes in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). the recent release of the g. hirsutum genome sequence provides an opportunity to identify and characterize the snrk2 kinase fa ... | 2017 | 28606097 |
| expression and functional analyses of a kinesin gene ghkis13a1 from cotton (gossypium hirsutum) fiber. | cotton fiber, a natural fiber widely used in the textile industry, is differentiated from single cell of ovule epidermis. a large number of genes are believed to be involved in fiber formation, but so far only a few fiber genes have been isolated and functionally characterized in this developmental process. the kinesin13 subfamily was found to play key roles during cell division and cell elongation, and was considered to be involved in the regulation of cotton fiber development. | 2017 | 28606082 |
| a novel ghbee1-like gene of cotton causes anther indehiscence in transgenic arabidopsis under uncontrolled transcription level. | male-sterile lines are very important for selective breeding, and anther dehiscence defect is an effective way to generate male-sterile lines. although several bhlh-family proteins in arabidopsis have been characterized, little is known about the role of bhlh-family proteins in cotton. here, we isolated a novel bhlh protein from cotton (gossypium hirsutum), named ghbee1-like. protein domain analysis showed that ghbee1-like contained a basic domain and an hlh domain. subcellular localization anal ... | 2017 | 28600178 |
| identification and characterization of constans-like (col) gene family in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | the constans/flowering locus t (co/ft) regulon plays a central role in the control of flowering time in photoperiod-sensitive plants. flowering time in wild cotton (gossypium spp.) has strict photoperiod sensitivity, but domesticated cotton is day-neutral. information on the molecular characterization of the co and co-like (col) genes in cotton is very limited. in this study, we identified 42 col homologs (ghcols) in the g. hirsutum genome, and many of them were previously unreported. we studied ... | 2017 | 28591177 |
| the specific host plant dna detection suggests a potential migration of apolygus lucorum from cotton to mungbean fields. | the polyphagous mirid bug apolygus lucorum (heteroptera: miridae) has more than 200 species of host plants and is an insect pest of important agricultural crops, including cotton (gossypium hirsutum) and mungbean (vigna radiata). previous field trials have shown that a. lucorum adults prefer mungbean to cotton plants, indicating the considerable potential of mungbean as a trap crop in cotton fields. however, direct evidence supporting the migration of a. lucorum adults from cotton to mungbean is ... | 2017 | 28586352 |
| genome-wide identification and characterization of jaz gene family in upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum). | plant jaz (jasmonate zim-domain) proteins play versatile roles in multiple aspects of plant development and defense. however, little is known about the jaz family in allotetraploid upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) so far. in this study, 30 non-redundant jaz genes were identified in upland cotton through genome-wide screening. phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 30 proteins in cotton jaz family are further divided into five groups (i - v), and members in the same group share highly conserve ... | 2017 | 28584307 |
| genomic analyses in cotton identify signatures of selection and loci associated with fiber quality and yield traits. | upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum) is the most important natural fiber crop in the world. the overall genetic diversity among cultivated species of cotton and the genetic changes that occurred during their improvement are poorly understood. here we report a comprehensive genomic assessment of modern improved upland cotton based on the genome-wide resequencing of 318 landraces and modern improved cultivars or lines. we detected more associated loci for lint yield than for fiber quality, which sug ... | 2017 | 28581501 |
| carbohydrate metabolism in the subtending leaf cross-acclimates to waterlogging and elevated temperature stress and influences boll biomass in cotton (gossypium hirsutum). | short-term waterlogging and chronic elevated temperature occur concomitantly in the cotton (gossypium hirsutum) growing season. while previous research about co-occurring waterlogging and elevated temperature has focused primarily on cotton fiber, no studies have investigated carbohydrate metabolism of the subtending leaf (a major source leaf for boll development) cross-acclimation to aforementioned stressors. to address this, plants were exposed to ambient (31.6/26.5°c) and elevated (34.1/29.0° ... | 2017 | 28581029 |
| genome-wide analysis of gene expression of ems-induced short fiber mutant ligon lintless-y (liy) in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.). | in this work we describe a chemically-induced short fiber mutant cotton line, ligon-lintless-y (liy), which is controlled by a single recessive locus and affects multiple traits, including height of the plant, and length and maturity of fiber. an rnaseq analysis was used to evaluate global transcriptional changes during cotton fiber development at 3, 8 and 16days post anthesis. we found that 613, 2629 and 3397 genes were significantly down-regulated, while 2700, 477 and 3260 were significantly u ... | 2017 | 28577792 |
| identification of candidate genes for fiber length quantitative trait loci through rna-seq and linkage and physical mapping in cotton. | cotton (gossypium spp.) fibers are single-celled elongated trichomes, the molecular aspects of genetic variation in fiber length (fl) among genotypes are currently unknown. in this study, two backcross inbred lines (bils), i.e., nmga-062 ("long") and nmga-105 ("short") with 32.1 vs. 27.2 mm in fl, respectively, were chosen to perform rna-seq on developing fibers at 10 days post anthesis (dpa). the two bils differed in 4 quantitative trait loci (qtl) for fl and were developed from backcrosses bet ... | 2017 | 28569138 |
| genome-wide identification and characterization of phospholipase c gene family in cotton (gossypium spp.). | phospholipase c (plc) are important regulatory enzymes involved in several lipid and ca2+-dependent signaling pathways. previous studies have elucidated the versatile roles of plc genes in growth, development and stress responses of many plants, however, the systematic analyses of plc genes in the important fiber-producing plant, cotton, are still deficient. in this study, through genome-wide survey, we identified twelve phosphatidylinositol-specific plc (pi-plc) and nine non-specific plc (npc) ... | 2017 | 28547583 |
| role of xyloglucan in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) fiber elongation of the short fiber mutant ligon lintless-2 (li2). | xyloglucan is a matrix polysaccharide found in the cell walls of all land plants. in growing cells, xyloglucan is thought to connect cellulose microfibrils and regulate their separation during wall extension. ligon lintless-2 (li2) is a monogenic dominant cotton fiber mutation that causes extreme reduction in lint fiber length with no pleiotropic effects on vegetative growth. li2 represents an excellent model system to study fiber elongation. to understand the role of xyloglucan in cotton fiber ... | 2017 | 28546126 |
| cotton gherf38 gene is involved in plant response to salt/drought and aba. | erf (ethylene-responsive factor) transcription factors play important roles in plant stress signaling transduction pathways. however, their specific roles during diverse abiotic stresses tolerance in gossypium hirsutum are largely unknown. here, a novel erf transcription factor, designated gherf38, homologous to aterf38 in arabidopsis, was isolated from cotton (gossypium hirsutum l). gherf38 expression was up-regulated by salt, drought and aba treatments. subcellular localization results indicat ... | 2017 | 28536792 |
| field trial of insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant genetically modified cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) for environmental risk assessment in japan. | japan imports cottonseed mainly from australia and the usa where more than 96% of all cotton varieties grown are genetically modified (gm). gm crops undergo an environmental risk assessment (era) under the law concerning the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity before import into japan. potential adverse effects on biodiversity are comprehensively assessed based on competitiveness, production of harmful substances and outcrossing ability. even though imported cottonseed is in ... | 2017 | 28510512 |
| genome-wide characterization and expression analyses of superoxide dismutase (sod) genes in gossypium hirsutum. | superoxide dismutases (sods) are a key antioxidant enzyme family, which have been implicated in protecting plants against the toxic effects of reactive oxygen species. despite current studies have shown that the gene family are involved in plant growth and developmental processes and biotic and abiotic stress responses, little is known about its functional role in upland cotton. | 2017 | 28499417 |
| high efficient multisites genome editing in allotetraploid cotton (gossypium hirsutum) using crispr/cas9 system. | gossypium hirsutum is an allotetraploid with a complex genome. most genes have multiple copies that belong to at and dt subgenomes. sequence similarity is also very high between gene homologues. to efficiently achieve site/gene-specific mutation is quite needed. due to its high efficiency and robustness, the crispr (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)/cas9 system has exerted broad site-specific genome editing from prokaryotes to eukaryotes. in this study, we utilized a cri ... | 2018 | 28499063 |
| comparative genomic study of aldh gene superfamily in gossypium: a focus on gossypium hirsutum under salt stress. | aldehyde dehydrogenases (aldhs) are a superfamily of enzymes which play important role in the scavenging of active aldehydes molecules. in present work, a comprehensive whole-genomic study of aldh gene superfamily was carried out for an allotetraploid cultivated cotton species, g. hirsutum, as well as in parallel relative to their diploid progenitors, g. arboreum and g. raimondii. totally, 30 and 58 aldh gene sequences belong to 10 families were identified from diploid and allotetraploid cotton ... | 2017 | 28489898 |
| within-plant distribution and dynamics of thrips species (thysanoptera: thripidae) in cotton. | a 2-yr study in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) was conducted to determine the abundance and species composition of thrips (thysanoptera: thripidae) on different plant parts throughout the season in alabama, georgia, north carolina, south carolina, and virginia. plant parts sampled included seedlings, terminals with two expanded leaves, leaves from the upper, middle, and lower sections of the canopy, white flowers, and medium-sized bolls. adult thrips were significantly more abundant on seedlings ... | 2017 | 28475718 |
| potassium deficiency affects the carbon-nitrogen balance in cotton leaves. | potassium (k) plays important roles in the metabolism of carbon (c) and nitrogen (n), but studies of k deficiency affecting c-n balance are lacking. this study explored the influence of k deficiency on c-n interaction in cotton leaves by conducting a field experiment with cotton cultivar dp0912 under two k rates (k0: 0 kg k2o ha-1 and k67: 67 kg k2o ha-1) and a controlled environment experiment with k-deficient solution (k1: 0 mm k+) and k-sufficient solution (k2: 6 mm k+). the results showed th ... | 2017 | 28441628 |
| characterization of two tt2-type myb transcription factors regulating proanthocyanidin biosynthesis in tetraploid cotton, gossypium hirsutum. | two tt2-type myb transcription factors identified from tetraploid cotton are involved in regulating proanthocyanidin biosynthesis, providing new strategies for engineering condensed tannins in crops. proanthocyanidins (pas), also known as condensed tannins, are important secondary metabolites involved in stress resistance in plants, and are health supplements that help to reduce cholesterol levels. as one of the most widely grown crops in the world, cotton provides the majority of natural fabric ... | 2017 | 28421329 |
| single-base resolution methylomes of upland cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) reveal epigenome modifications in response to drought stress. | dna methylation, with a cryptic role in genome stability, gene transcription and expression, is involved in the drought response process in plants, but the complex regulatory mechanism is still largely unknown. | 2017 | 28407801 |
| dose and time dependent efficacy alteration of different defoliants on seed cotton yield. | field experiments were conducted during 2012 and 2013 to determine the effect of select defoliants i.e dropp ultra and ethrel, their optimal dose and suitable time of application on earliness and seed cotton yield in 3 american cotton cultivars. mrc7361bgii (3055.2 kg ha(-1)) and mrc7017bgii (2913.0 kg ha(-1)) resulted in significantly improved seed cotton yield as compared to f1 861 (2346.0 kg ha(-1)). dropp ultra? @ 200 ml ha(-1) revealed highest yield (3018.7 kg ha(-1)) followed by ethrel @ 2 ... | 2015 | 26364466 |
| evaluation of different carbon sources for high frequency callus culture with reduced phenolic secretion in cotton (gossypium hirsutum l.) cv. svpr-2. | an efficient protocol was developed to control excessive phenolic compound secretion during callus culture of cotton. as cotton is naturally rich in phenolic compounds factors influencing the phenolic compound secretion, callus induction and proliferation were optimized for getting high frequency callus culture. different carbon sources such as fructose, glucose, sucrose and maltose were tested at various concentrations to control phenolic secretion in callus culture. among them, 3% maltose was ... | 2015 | 28626717 |
| effects of diterpene esters of tigliane, daphnane, ingenane, and lathyrane types on pink bollworm,pectinophora gossypiella saunders (lepidoptera: gelechiidae). | twenty esters, representing the biogenetically related tigliane, daphnane, ingenane, and lathyrane series of diterpenes, were screened for growth-inhibitory and insecticidal effects on newly hatched larvae of the north american cotton pest,pectinophora gossypiella (pink bollworm). among the tigliane derivatives tested, only 12-o-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and 12-o-(2-methyl)butyrylphorbol-13-decanoate, of seven phorbol diesters isolated from croton oil by a new procedure involving droplet c ... | 1985 | 24309846 |
| mortality from byssinosis among new england cotton mill workers, 1905-1912. | little was known about mortality from byssinosis among american cotton mill workers until recent times. between 1912 and 1919, the labor department published two detailed investigations of mortality by cause of death among cotton mill workers and other residents of several new england mill towns. statistical tests reveal no significant difference in mortality rates from nontubercular respiratory diseases between cotton textile workers and other mill town residents. even when ex-mill workers who ... | 1982 | 6759625 |
| effect of high-temperature stress on the growth and seed characteristics of barley and cotton. | the existence of a sensitivity gradient to a uniform high-temperature stress applied at stages during seed maturation can be demonstrated in barley. the germination of freshly harvested seed is depressed following heat stress at 7--10 days after awn emergence, but is enhanced by the same stress applied 3 weeks after awn emergence. the depression is attributed to reduced viability associated with thermal injury. the stimulation following stress at more mature stages of seed development is related ... | 2015 | 1032107 |