| improved survival after pneumococcus in splenectomized and nonsplenectomized mice with corynebacterium parvum. | splenectomy increases the susceptibility to infections with certain bacteria, particularly streptococcus pneumoniae. because the immunomodulator corynebacterium parvum expands the phagocytic cell compartment and enhances reticuloendothelial function, we tested the effect of c parvum in mice challenged with aerosolized pneumococci. mice splenectomized seven days before pneumococcal challenge and treated intraperitoneally with 700 micrograms of c parvum immediately after exposure were protected wh ... | 1983 | 6824432 |
| intraperitoneal immunotherapy of human ovarian carcinoma with corynebacterium parvum. | corynebacterium parvum has been administered i.p. to 14 patients with advanced ovarian cancer. two patients had responded completely to cytoreductive surgery and combination chemotherapy prior to immunotherapy, and one patient with residual disease had received only a single course of c. parvum due to i.p. catheter malfunction. among the 11 patients with residual disease evaluable for response, from three to eight i.p. treatments with c. parvum produced surgically confirmed tumor regression in f ... | 1983 | 6825108 |
| inefficacy of sc corynebacterium parvum in stage i malignant melanoma: preliminary results of a single-institution pilot study. | | 1983 | 6825130 |
| new group of prostaglandin-like compounds in p. acnes. | | 1983 | 6826037 |
| isolation, identification, and synthesis of 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucuronic acid: a component of propionibacterium acnes cell wall polysaccharide. | a previously undescribed component of the cell wall polysaccharide of propionibacterium acnes, 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucuronic acid, has been identified and synthesized. the component occurs to the extent of about 3 to 5% in the wall polysaccharides of p. acnes types i and ii and in propionibacterium avidum types i and ii; it also appears to be present, but in much smaller amounts, in the cell wall of propionibacterium granulosum. | 1983 | 6826525 |
| evidence for granulocyte-mediated macrophage activation after c. parvum immunization. | it has been previously demonstrated that at the peak of the peritoneal response to corynebacterium parvum (day 4), cytolytic macrophages can be characterized by the presence of intracellular bacteria. in the present study, the role of neutrophils in the activation of peritoneal macrophages by c. parvum was investigated. inflammatory neutrophils isolated 5 hr after ip administration of c. parvum were transferred to normal, syngeneic mice and the peritoneal macrophages of recipients harvested 4 da ... | 1983 | 6831566 |
| production, purification, and properties of a bacteriocin from staphylococcus aureus isolated from saliva. | staphylococci from samples of human saliva were isolated on staphylococcal-selective agar plates. these strains were tested for the inhibition of the growth of staphylococcus aureus fda209p. the frequency of inhibitory strains among all of the staphylococcal isolates was 5.2%. strain iys2, which formed the biggest inhibitory zone against the growth of the indicator strain, was used as the producer of bacteriocin. iys2 was identified to be s. aureus, based on its biological properties. the bacter ... | 1983 | 6832811 |
| enhancement of natural resistance to influenza virus in lipopolysaccharide-responsive and -nonresponsive mice by propionibacterium acnes. | lipopolysaccharide-responsive c3h/hen mice were rendered resistant to a mouse-adapted strain of influenza (aichi, h(3)n(2)) virus when propionibacterium acnes was given either intranasally or intraperitoneally several days before virus infection. the time of p. acnes treatment was important since no protection was demonstrated when this agent was given either on the same day as or several days after virus challenge. in contrast, lipopolysaccharide-nonresponsive c3h/hej mice were not protected wh ... | 1983 | 6832817 |
| role of reduced sulfur compounds in nutrition of propionibacterium acnes. | in a study of the nutritional requirements of propionibacterium acnes, acid hydrolyzed casein was shown to be the preferred nitrogen source in a glycerol-salts medium. of 22 individual amino acids tested, only cysteine supported growth in the glycerol-salts medium. this indicated a requirement not only for amino nitrogen but also for reduced sulfur. in the presence of an auxiliary nitrogen source, thioglycolate or thiosulfate could replace sulfur-containing amino acids. the apparent requirement ... | 1983 | 6833481 |
| susceptibility of propionibacterium acnes clinical isolates to 22 antimicrobial agents. | susceptibilities of 104 propionibacterium acnes isolates to each of 22 antimicrobial agents was evaluated by broth microdilution. these isolates were susceptible to all of the test agents except metronidazole. n-formimidoyl thienamycin, a penem coded sch 29482, and penicillin ranked first, second, and third, respectively, in activity and were significantly more active than other penicillins, cephalosporins, tetracyclines, clindamycin, or chloramphenicol. | 1983 | 6838191 |
| intrapleural corynebacterium parvum for malignant pleural effusions. | a pilot study of topical (intrapleural) treatment with corynebacterium parvum was carried out in 10 patients with malignant pleural effusions complicating primary or secondary neoplasms and necessitating frequent thoracocentesis for symptomatic relief. the method was aspiration of all intrapleural fluid except a small portion left for dilution, and then injection of 7 mg of a preparation of corynebacterium parvum suspended in 20 ml of normal saline solution. the treatment was repeated in each ca ... | 1983 | 6845257 |
| an unusual cause of bacterial meningitis in the elderly. propionibacterium acnes. | | 1983 | 6847449 |
| inhibition of hepatic drug metabolism in the rat after corynebacterium parvum treatment. | drug-metabolizing enzyme activities, cytochrome concentration, and protein content of hepatic microsomal preparations from adult, female sprague-dawley rats were examined at 1-, 3-, 6-, 10-, 14- and 17-day intervals after administration of a single intravenous injection of corynebacterium parvum (c. parvum) at a dose of 10 mg/m2. aniline hydroxylase (ah) activity, aminopyrine demethylase (apd) activity, and cytochrome p-450 concentration were reduced 20-50% on days 3-6 and, thereafter, gradually ... | 1983 | 6847717 |
| immunopotentiation of cell-mediated hypersensitivity by corynebacterium parvum (propionibacterium acnes). | we have investigated the activity of local corynebacterium parvum (propionibacterium acnes) as an immunopotentiator of allergic contact dermatitis (acd) and photo-acd in rodents. c. parvum given into the sensitization site, but not at a distance, increased the delayed-type hypersensitivity to the chemical allergen. an immunoadjuvant effect could be realized even when c. parvum was given several days after allergen; it was readily obtained in b cell-deficient mice. cyclophosphamide pretreatment h ... | 1983 | 6848475 |
| enhancement of tumor metastasis and suppression of natural killer cell activity by beta-estradiol treatment. | treatment of mice with 17 beta-estradiol leads to a selective inhibition of natural killer (nk) cell activity as measured by in vitro cytotoxicity against yac-1 lymphoma and uv-2237 fibrosarcoma target cells. activation of nk cells by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly i.c) and corynebacterium parvum also was impaired in beta-estradiol-treated mice, whereas activation of tumoricidal macrophages was uncompromised. the beta-estradiol-induced suppression of nk cell activity was associated with a ... | 1983 | 6848604 |
| enhanced fc receptor expression by a sub-population of murine intra-tumour macrophages following intravenous corynebacterium parvum therapy. | intravenous injection of corynebacterium parvum (c. parvum) 4 days after s.c. inoculation of 5 x 10(5) cells derived from the immunogenic fibrosarcoma fsa/r induced tumour growth inhibition over a period of 21 days in syngeneic c3h/buf mice. this was not accompanied by a change in the proportions of host cells within the tumour, but the activation state of tumour-infiltrating macrophages was increased following c. parvum therapy. two macrophage subpopulations were identified in fsa/r tumours aft ... | 1983 | 6860547 |
| propionibacterium shunt nephritis in two adolescents with medulloblastoma. | the anaerobic diphtheroid propionibacterium acnes was identified as the organism responsible for "shunt" nephritis in two adolescents with ventriculoatrial shunts inserted previously for the management of medulloblastoma. only three cases of "shunt" nephritis secondary to infection with this common skin commensal organism are known to have been reported. the rarity of such reports may be related to the lack of good anaerobic laboratories, the length of time necessary for cultures to show growth, ... | 1983 | 6861076 |
| protection of mice against influenza virus infection: enhancement of nonspecific cellular responses by corynebacterium parvum. | groups of c57bl/6j, balb/c, balb/c, nu+/nu+ mice, inoculated intranasally with corynebacterium parvum (350 micrograms/mouse) were protected from death by an otherwise lethal dose of influenza virus, a/wsn (h1n1) inoculated 3 days later. the lungs of c. parvum-treated, virus-infected c57bl/6j, balb/c, or balb/c nu+/nu+ mice contained significantly less infectious virus than did controls, and this reduction was apparent as soon as 24 hr after virus inoculation. the maximum protective effect correl ... | 1983 | 6861206 |
| bacteriological study in chronic maxillary sinusitis. | the bacterial findings of 73 maxillary sinuses in 48 patients with chronic maxillary sinusitis, together with 7 non-inflamed sinuses, are reported. employing an intraoperative technique and simultaneous collection of 3 different types of specimens in the present investigation made possible comparison of their bacterial characteristics. the results indicated that intraoperative culture of antral mucosa seems to provide the most reliable finding of bacterial flora in chronic maxillary sinusitis. t ... | 1983 | 6865629 |
| leishmania tropica major in mice: vaccination against cutaneous leishmaniasis in mice of high genetic susceptibility. | balb/c and balb/c.h-2b mice are genetically susceptible to development of persistent and severe disease following cutaneous injection of promastigotes of the protozoan parasite, leishmania tropica major, whereas c57bl/6 are relatively resistant. resistance in c57bl/6 can be further increased by intraperitoneal injection of living, but not killed, promastigotes prior to cutaneous challenge. severely diseased balb/c mice can show resistance to development of a second cutaneous lesion but apparentl ... | 1983 | 6870673 |
| platelet activating factor (paf) induces the oxidative burst in macrophages. | the response of guinea pig peritoneal macrophages to platelet activating factor (1-o-octadecyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoryl-choline) was examined. in corynebacterium parvum induced macrophages, platelet activating factor, over a wide dose range (3.8 x 10(-5) to 3.8 x 10(-9)m) triggered the oxidative burst as indicated by increased luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and hydrogen peroxide release into culture supernatants. this effect of paf was inhibited by superoxide dismutase and catalase. ... | 1983 | 6874164 |
| augmentation of nk activity by corynebacterium parvum fractions in vivo and in vitro. | biochemically modified whole cell preparations and derived fractions of corynebacterium parvum (c. parvum) were evaluated for the ability to augment natural killer cell cytoxicity in vivo and in vitro in rats. unfractionated c. parvum enhanced peritoneal cell (pc) nk activity in a dose dependent fashion. this activity appeared to be enriched in insoluble light residue material obtained from hot phenol water extraction. enhancement of pc cytotoxicity was significantly greater at all time points t ... | 1983 | 6874167 |
| new antibiotic, isohematinic acid. ii. physico-chemical properties, structural elucidation and biological activities. | physico-chemical characterization of isohematinic acid revealed that this antibiotic has a succinimide nucleus. from elemental analysis, the molecular formula of isohematinic acid was determined to be c8h9no4. isohematinic acid showed weak antimicrobial activities against anaerobic bacteria, such as bacteroides fragilis and propionibacterium acnes. | 1983 | 6874567 |
| the effect of benzoyl peroxide on cutaneous micro-organisms in vitro. | the survival curves of cutaneous micro-organisms in the presence of benzoyl peroxide were investigated. all the curves exhibited a shoulder prior to exponential cell death. benzoyl peroxide was lethal to the cutaneous organisms tested and they varied in sensitivity increasing as follows: propionibacterium acnes, staphylococcus capitis, staph. epidermidis, staph. hominis, prop. avidum, prop. granulosum and pityrosporum ovale. | 1983 | 6874624 |
| [treatment of resistant pulmonary tuberculosis using chemotherapy and immunomodulators]. | | 1983 | 6879325 |
| oxygen and serum complement in phagocytosis and killing of propionibacterium acnes. | phagocytosis and killing of propionibacterium acnes by human peripheral blood leukocytes were promoted by normal human serum and by serum depleted of immunoglobulin g and m. serum that had been heat-inactivated, depleted of complement component c3, or depleted of c4 and factor b, did not promote phagocytosis or killing. depletion of complement-component c4 or factor b from normal human serum did not impair its capacity to promote phagocytosis and killing of p. acnes. these results indicate that ... | 1983 | 6880750 |
| mechanisms of the potentiation of specific antitumor immunity by intratumor injection of corynebacterium parvum. | meth a fibrosarcoma-bearing balb/c mice given intratumoral injections of 0.5 mg of corynebacterium parvum showed a highly and tumor-specific transplantation antigen specifically potentiated concomitant immunity to a subsequent tumor challenge. this potentiated antitumor immunity could be locally transferred in the winn assay to normal recipients with whole draining lymph node cells from the tumor-bearing mice, but the potentiated effect disappeared when adherent cells were removed from these cel ... | 1983 | 6883325 |
| intracavitary corynebacterium parvum for treatment of malignant effusions. | intracavitary instillation of corynebacterium parvum was used to treat recurrent malignant effusions in 15 patients. eleven patients were treated for ascites, and four patients were treated for pleural effusion. six patients (40%) had good response with no recurrence of effusions up to 3 months after treatment. three patients responded but died before criteria for complete response could be fulfilled. six patients were judged to have poor response, either because of death from tumor burden befor ... | 1983 | 6884832 |
| differential effects of chronic monocyte depletion on macrophage populations. | the administration of the bone-seeking isotope, 89sr, to mice results in severe monocytopenia without any apparent effect on the numbers of resident peritoneal macrophages (mphi). an explanation for this dichotomy was sought by determining whether the residual blood monocytes were still an effective source of mphi after 89sr treatment. stem cell enumeration showed that a 90% fall in bone marrow macrophage colony-forming cells after 89sr was accompanied by a 10-fold rise in splenic m-cfc. splenec ... | 1983 | 6887784 |
| [passive transfer of "corynebacterium parvum" anti-tumour protection by stimulated peritoneal cells ]. | a partial anti-tumour protection can be induced by transfer of peritoneal cells from mice pretreated with corynebacterium parvum, in the two experimental tumours studied: a mammary carcinoma syngeneic to c3h mice and a lymphosarcoma syngeneic to xvii mice. this protection is abolished by heating the peritoneal cells at 70 degrees c for 30 min, by a 2,200-rad irradiation or by a non-lethal irradiation of the recipient mice. transfer of normal peritoneal cells did not produce any anti-tumour prote ... | 1981 | 6896973 |
| immune reaction of tumor-bearing mice to propionibacterium acnes and the antitumor effect of the bacteria. | the relationship between immunological reaction to propionibacterium acnes (pa) and the antitumor effect of the injected bacterium was investigated. the aim was to determine whether the strength of the immune reaction to the bacterium can be used to predict its antitumor effectiveness. c3hf/sed mice received sc injections (right thigh) of viable cells of a methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma. when the tumor grew to 5 mm, the hosts received 350 micrograms pa iv as the antitumor treatment. cel ... | 1982 | 6925459 |
| comparison of the biological characteristics in two serotypes of propionibacterium acnes. | | 1980 | 6929297 |
| [immunotherapy of cancer: evolution of concepts and clinical advances]. | | 1980 | 6929557 |
| an improved medium for the selective isolation of propionibacterium acnes from the human oral cavity and skin. | | 1980 | 6931132 |
| contrasting effects of activated and nonactivated macrophages and macrophages from tumor-bearing mice on tumor growth in vivo. | the effect of macrophages from normal and tumor-bearing mice on tumor growth was investigated with the use of an in vivo neutralization test. macrophages from unstimulated and thioglycollate-stimulated peritoneal cavities (nonactivated macrophages) of normal mice enhanced growth of various syngeneic tumors [a 3-methylcholanthrene-induced transplantable fibrosarcoma from inbred c3heb mice, a spontaneously originated transplantable melanoma (b16) from inbred c57bl/6 mice, and a radiation-induced l ... | 1980 | 6933261 |
| antibiotic susceptibility of propionibacterium acnes and related microorganisms isolated from human oral cavity. | | 1980 | 6936083 |
| effect of immunotherapy with corynebacterium parvum and methanol extraction residue of bcg administered intravenously on host defense function in cancer patients. | the effects of active nonspecific immunotherapy were studied in 42 patients receiving daily iv corynebacterium parvum at 2 mg/m2 in 14-day courses and in 14 patients receiving iv methanol extraction residue of bcg (mer) at 0.5 mg/m2 weekly. the host defense evaluations included measurement of the number of adherent macrophage precursors per milliliter of blood (monocyte adherence), serum lysozyme, and antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (adcc) of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to c ... | 1981 | 6941048 |
| mechanism of action of bcg-tumor cell vaccines in the generation of systemic tumor immunity. i. synergism between bcg and line 10 tumor cells in the induction of an inflammatory response. | the intradermal injection of a vaccine composed of 10(7) x-irradiated, syngeneic hepatocarcinoma line 10 (l10) cells admixed with 10(8) mycobacterium bovis strain bcg into inbred sewall wright strain 2 guinea pigs induced a local acute and then chronic inflammatory response. cellular analysis of enzymatically dispersed dermal vaccination sites and regional lymph nodes revealed quantitative differences between the cellular infiltrate induced by a mixed bcg-tumor cell vaccine and the inflammation ... | 1981 | 6944552 |
| dose, route, and time dependence of serum lysozyme and antitumor activity following administration of glucan, corynebacterium parvum, pyran, or lipopolysaccharide to mice. | following the administration of di luzio particulate glucan, corynebacterium parvum, pyran (maleic anhydride vinyl ether 6), and lipopolysaccharide (shigella) to inbred c57bl/6j mice, dose, route, and time-dependent studies were undertaken on antitumor activity and serum lysozyme levels to explore the possible relevance of serum lysozyme as a useful index of antitumor activity. antitumor activity was assessed by measurement of the extent of loss of iv injected 125i-labeled 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine ... | 1981 | 6944557 |
| enhancement by immunostimulants of the production by mouse spleen cells of factor(s) stimulating differentiation of mouse myeloid leukemic cells. | mouse myeloid leukemic ml cells can be induced to differentiate into macrophages and granulocytes in vitro by a factor(s) stimulating differentiation of the cells (d-factor) or by various chemical compounds. spleen lymphocytes and spleen macrophages have been shown to produce d-factor when treated with various mitogens including lipopolysaccharide or synthetic double-stranded polyribonucleotide, poly(i) . poly(c). several immunostimulants from microorganisms were tested for ability to induce dif ... | 1981 | 6951792 |
| anaerobic bacteria in septicaemia and endocarditis. | anaerobic septicaemia is often a complication of preexisting anaerobic sepsis which is commonly a complication of surgical interference. the predominant anaerobic bacterial isolate in septicaemia if bacteroides fragilis. anaerobic cocci and clostridia are not infrequently found as causes of septicaemia. the incidence of polymicrobial septicaemia varies in the different reports. the clinical features of septicaemia due to anaerobic gram-negative rods vary little from those due to facultative anae ... | 1982 | 6954640 |
| effect of immunomodulation on the fate of tumor cells in the central nervous system and systemic organs of mice. distribution of [125i]5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine-labeled kht tumor cells after left intracardial injection. | the effect of systemic immunomodulation on tumor cell arrest and retention in the central nervous system was studied by following radioactively labeled tumor cells. kht mouse sarcoma tumor cells were labeled in vitro with [125i]idurd, and 1 x 10(5) tumor cells were injected into the left side of the hearts of syngeneic c3h mice. experimental groups consisted of untreated normal mice, mice pretreated iv with corynebacterium parvum, and mice chronically infected with toxoplasma gondii; in this mod ... | 1982 | 6955547 |
| antitumor immunity induced by hybrid murine tumor cells: requirements for optimal immunization. | hybrid tumor cells have been evaluated for their ability to induce specific antitumor immunity in inbred female c3h/he mice challenged with the syngeneic ba tumor. hybrid cells were produced by fusion of ba cells with a balb/c renal adenocarcinoma, which is hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase-deficient and grows well in culture. corynebacterium parvum was evaluated as an adjuvant for ba and hybrid cells. the ba tumor was shown to be poorly immunogenic, and four weekly injections of ba cells ... | 1982 | 6955557 |
| yac-lymphoma bearing induces functional changes in bone marrow derived mononuclear phagocytes. | bone marrow derived mononuclear phagocytes (bmdmp) differentiated in vitro from bone marrows of yac-lymphoma bearing mice and corynebacterium parvum (cp)-inflamed mice shown to differ in several functional parameters from those derived from bone marrows of control mice. the former 2 bmdmp populations expressed: (a) an increased level of acid phosphatase activity; (b) an increased degree of zymosan-induced chemiluminescence reaction; (c) a lower sensitivity of the proliferative capacity to prosta ... | 1982 | 6956439 |
| immunological studies in patients receiving corynebacterium parvum (c.p.) as immunotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia (aml). | | 1982 | 6959958 |
| stimulation of the oxidative burst in macrophages with platelet activating factor (paf-acether). | | 1982 | 6960648 |
| the effect of corynebacterium parvum on t cell dependent tumor regression. | | 1980 | 6965725 |
| characteristics of resistance to listeria monocytogenes enhanced by corynebacterium parvum in mice. | in mice pre-treated with corynebacterium parvum, listeria monocytogenes was cleared rapidly from the blood and bacterial growth in the liver and spleen was inhibited effectively during the early phase of infection. this enhanced resistance could be transferred with peritoneal exudate cells (pec) but not with non-adherent spleen cells. in spite of earlier elimination of bacteria, pre-treated mice developed lower levels of delayed-type hypersensitivity (dth) to bacteria than untreated immune contr ... | 1980 | 6968291 |
| factors affecting stimulation of natural cytotoxicity to a rat lymphoma by corynebacterium parvum. | differences were seen in the ability of 2 strains of c. parvum to augment cytotoxicity attributable to nk cells towards a rat lymphoma. furthermore, 2 batches of the same strain of c. parvum prepared by different methods also differed in their ability to augment cytotoxicity. other factors influencing cytotoxicity were dose, route of inoculation and time after injection at which the assay was performed. although all preparations of c. parvum augmented the cytotoxicity of peritoneal-exudate cells ... | 1980 | 6968570 |
| macrophage activation and mobilization in nude mice by corynebacterium parvum and pyran: a functional and histologic study. | peritoneal macrophages from both congenitally athymic ("nude") mice and heterozygous littermates were activated by pyran copolymer or by corynebacterium parvum vaccine. c parvum did not produce an increase in the number of peritoneal macrophages in nude mice, although it did produce a typical splenomegaly. pyran produced an even greater influx of macrophages in the peritoneum of nude mice, when compared to normal mice, but did not produce splenomegaly in nude mice. pyran- and c parvum-induced sp ... | 1980 | 6969333 |
| mechanisms of anti-tumor action of corynebacterium parvum. i. potentiated tumor-specific immunity and its therapeutic limitations. | the anti-tumor mechanism in mice induced by a subcutaneous injection of syngeneic tumor cells admixed with corynebacterium parvum was investigated. when mice were implanted in a hind footpad with x 2 1096) tumor cells admixed with 100 microgram c. parvum, the tumor that emerged grew progressively for about 9 d and then underwent progressive and complete regression. it was found that this c. parvum-induced regression was associated with the acquisition of a systemic, t cell-mediated mechanism of ... | 1981 | 6974214 |
| mechanisms of anti-tumor action of corynebacterium parvum. ii. potentiated cytolytic t cell response and its tumor-induced suppression. | it was shown that subcutaneous implantation of p815 tumor cells admixed with corynebacterium parvum resulted in the emergence of a tumor that grew for 9-10 d and then regressed. the onset of tumor aggression was preceded by the substantial generation in the draining lymph node and spleen of t cells capable of specifically lysing p815 target cells in vitro. the finding that the magnitude of this cytolytic response was much greater than the cytolytic response to a control tumor that grew progressi ... | 1981 | 6974215 |
| combined chemotherapy--radiotherapy on spleen hypertrophy after c. parvum: combined treatment with 5-fu cyclophosphamide and radiation. | c. parvum (cp) acts as a powerful stimulant for cell proliferation in the normal spleen. cp, in combination with radiation or cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents, interfered with their effect to a lesser or greater degree depending upon the sequence in which cp and the cytotoxic therapy was applied. in these experiments, cyclophosphamide (cy), 5-fu and radiation were studied singly or in combination during the resting or after cp-stimulation, and the effects of the different combinations of chemot ... | 1981 | 6975256 |
| experimental otitis media in gerbils and chinchillas with streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and other aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. | to ascertain the usefulness of mongolian gerbils as an inbred model for otitis media, 52 mongolian gerbils (meriones unguiculatus, strain mont/tum) were compared with 26 chinchillas (chinchilla laniger) for susceptibility to streptococcus pneumoniae type 3. haemophilus influenzae type b, and a polymicrobic culture including anaerobes (streptococcus intermedius, propionibacterium acnes, staphylococcus epidermidis, and corynebacterium sp.). organisms were inoculated percutaneously into the superio ... | 1982 | 6979517 |
| the walter hubert lecture, 1982. interaction of cancer and host. | | 1982 | 6982056 |
| [detection of t-lymphocytes using the rosette test in women with chronic adnexal inflammations]. | | 1982 | 6982108 |
| regulation of contact allergy in the b cell--deficient mouse. | we have examined the obligate role of b cells in the regulation of allergic contact dermatitis. our model is acd in mice made b cell deficient by the chronic administration from birth of a goat antisera to mouse igm. the following acd phenomena are well demonstrated in these mice: (1) acquisition and expression of acd, (2) spontaneous waning of acd soon after sensitization, (3) immunological tolerance induced by pretreatment with either parenteral hapten or haptenated spleen cells, (4) immunopot ... | 1982 | 6982646 |
| establishment and control of the l5178y-cell tumor dormant state in dba/2 mice. | the l5178y-cell tumor dormant state in dba/2 mice is an excellent model for assessing immunologically mediated tumor-growth restraint mechanisms associated with establishment and control of a tumor dormant state. it has enabled us to relate components of the host's tumor suppressive immune system to the stage of tumor dormancy and the magnitude of the tumor burden. a strong ctl response has been associated with establishment of the tumor dormant state and can be reelicited in vivo or in vitro, a ... | 1982 | 6985247 |
| corynebacterium parvum: immunomodulation in local bacterial infections. | inoculation with corynebacterium parvum 14 days before bacterial challenge produced protection against murine-simulated surgical wound infection with escherichia coli to the same degree as had been provided by bacillus calmette-guerin pretreatment. simulated surgical wound infection induced by staphylococcus aureus in mice followed a much more variable course; bacterial growth was depressed 7 days after c. parvum inoculation and was equivocal at a 14 day interval. unlike e. coli infection modifi ... | 1980 | 6985758 |
| chemoimmunotherapy with corynebacterium parvum in acute myelocytic leukemia. | the purpose of this study is to see if immunotherapy with c. parvum and prevention of central nervous system relapse with intrathecal methotrexate can prolong duration of complete remission and survival as well as avoid central nervous system relapse. for induction, three weekly i.v. injections of vincristine and daunorubicin were given with daily prednisone orally, followed by 5-day courses of cytosine arabinoside and 6-mercaptopurine. the patients were randomized to chemotherapy or chemoimmuno ... | 1980 | 6985835 |
| immune adjuvant therapy in lung cancer. | | 1980 | 6986634 |
| [active nonspecific immunotherapy combined with surgical treatment of lung carcinoma]. | | 1980 | 6988811 |
| chemoimmunotherapy for metastatic breast cancer with 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, l-asparaginase, corynebacterium parvum, and pseudomonas vaccine. | moderate doses of methotrexate and l-asparaginase were added to standard doses fo 5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, and cyclophosphamide in an attempt to improve the overall response rate and survival following chemotherapy. in addition, nonspecific immunotherapy with either corynebacterium parvum or pseudomonas vaccine was integrated into this prospective randomized clinical trial. the overall toxicity (degree of granulocytopenia and thrombocytopenia, length of myelosuppression, and incidence of myel ... | 1980 | 6991103 |
| effects of activated macrophages on nacardia asteroides. | the mechanism(s) of host resistance against nocardia asteroides has not been well defined. since disease due to n. asteroides frequently occurs in patients with impaired cell-mediated immunity, we studied the interaction of n. asteroides with activated and control mouse peritoneal macrophages. activated macrophages were from mice infected with toxoplasma gondii or injected with corynebacterium parvum. n. asteroides in the early stationary phase (>99% in the coccobacillary form) was used for chal ... | 1980 | 6991421 |
| on the origin and mode of action of functionally distinct macrophage subpopulations. | | 1980 | 6991911 |
| [propionibacterium acnes in blood and cerebrospinal fluid of neurosurgical patients]. | | 1980 | 6991957 |
| defective tumoricidal capacity of macrophages from p/j mice: characterization of the macrophage cytotoxic defect after in vivo and in vitro activation stimuli. | unlike macrophages from responsive mouse strains, peritoneal cells of p/j mice treated in vivo with viable mycobacterium bovis, strain bcg, or killed corynebacterium parvum fail to develop tumoricidal activity. p/j macrophages treated in vitro with lymphokine-rich supernatants, bacterial endotoxic lipopolysaccharides (lps) or t cell mitogens also fail to develop cytotoxic activity. experimental manipulation of effector:target cell ratios, doses of activation stimuli, or tumor target cells did no ... | 1980 | 6993562 |
| defective tumoricidal capacity of macrophages from p/j mice: tumoricidal defect involves abnormalities in lymphokine-derived activation stimuli and in mononuclear phagocyte responsiveness. | | 1980 | 6993563 |
| a trial of imidazole carboxamide and corynebacterium parvum in disseminated melanoma: clinical and immunologic results. | nonspecific immunotherapy with monthly intramuscular (im) injections of corynebacterium parvum has been investigated in patients with disseminated melanoma. forty-nine patients were randomized to receive either imidazole carboxamide (dtic) alone or dtic plus c parvum. a 24% overall objective response rate was observed, with no significant difference between the response rate or survival of the two treatment groups. immunologic studies revealed no significant difference between the two groups. on ... | 1980 | 6994866 |
| role of activated macrophages in antibody-dependent lysis of tumor cells. | treatment of mice with bacille calmette-guérin (bcg) or c parvum activates their peritoneal macrophages to release increased amounts of h2o2, and thereby to lyse extracellular tumor cells, in response to a pharmacologic agent, phorbol myristate acetate (pma) (1-3). in the present study, the same bacterial vaccines activated peritoneal cells to become cytolytic to lymphoma cells sensitized with alloantiserum, in the absence of pma. resident peritoneal cells, or those elicited with thioglycollate ... | 1980 | 6995552 |
| the induction of cytotoxic macrophages and natural killer cells in congenitally athymic rnu/rnu rats. | | 1980 | 6996842 |
| the kinetics of colony-stimulating activity elaboration from human bone marrow cells by immunoadjuvants: interactions between light density adherent and nonadherent cells in vitro. | | 1980 | 6997640 |
| high-dose methotrexate with "rescue" plus cyclophosphamide as initial chemotherapy in ovarian adenocarcinoma. a randomized trial with observations on the influence of c parvum immunotherapy. | in a prospective randomized study, the chemotherapeutic combination of high-dose methotrexate-citrovorum factor rescue plus cyclophosphamide (mecy) has been shown to be statistically significantly superior to the combination of 5-fluorouracil plus cyclophosphamide (fucy) in the treatment of stage iii-iv ovarian adenocarcinoma. with mecy, an overall objective remission rate of 67% and a complete remission rate of 48% were achieved. all patients had undergone no treatment except for surgery. in ad ... | 1980 | 6998553 |
| active non-specific immunotherapy of experimental tumours. | | 1980 | 6998756 |
| a randomized study of adjuvant immunotherapy with levamisole and corynebacterium parvum in operable non-small cell lung cancer. | | 1980 | 6998933 |
| rapid micromethods for detecting deamination and decarboxylation of amino acids, indole production, and reduction of nitrate and nitrite by facultatively anaerobic actinomycetes. | 96 strains of facultatively anaerobic actinomycetes and 2 propionibacterium acnes strains were studied for their ability to deaminate and/or decarboxylate 13 amino acids, to reduce nitrate and nitrite, and to produce indole, using specially adapted micro-methods. several of the tests performed were found to provide information which may aid in improving the classification and in facilitating the identification of these organisms. | 1980 | 6999804 |
| structure and function of human effusion macrophages from patients with malignant and benign disease. 1. isolation, morphology, proliferation and phagocytosis. | the inflammatory cell composition of pleural or ascitic effusion fluids from 13 patients with malignant disease and 8 patients with benign disease was analyzed. the macrophage content in the effusions was 4.1 x 10(5) +/- 1.3 cells/ml (mean +/- sem), with large variation (range 0.1 - 27.9 x 10(5) cells/ml) among patients. major blood cell contamination was excluded by the finding of low red blood cell/nucleated cell ratios in the effusions. effusion macrophages were isolated by ficoll/isopaque ce ... | 1980 | 7004080 |
| bcg, corynebacterium parvum or mycobacterium leprae added to cultures of bcg-primed mouse spleen cells cause an enhanced primary antibody response in vitro. | a few weeks after mice were injected i.v. with 10(8) live mycobacterium bovis, bcg, the antibody response of their spleen cells to srbc in vitro was comparable with the response of cells from untreated mice. addition of bcg organisms to the culture vessels resulted in enhanced antibody-forming cell (afc) responses by the primed cells but not by the cells from the untreated mice. no evidence was found for a direct stimulation of b cells and cell depletion experiments suggested macrophages were di ... | 1981 | 7007221 |
| aerobic and anaerobic bacteria in deep infections after total hip arthroplasty: differential diagnosis between infectious and non-infectious loosening. | five separate biopsy samples for bacterial culture were taken at primary total hip arthroplasty in patients without signs of infection and at reoperation of patients with infectious and noninfectious loosening of the prosthesis. based on the results of the culture, on serologic results and on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, bacteria of clinical significance could be distinguished from contaminants. growth in one or two of five biopsy samples was a strong indicator of contamination, while gro ... | 1981 | 7009009 |
| chemotherapy and immunotherapy of diabetic and non-diabetic mice bearing fibrosarcoma. | | 1980 | 7009161 |
| proteolytic enzymes released by liver macrophages may promote hepatic injury in a rat model of hepatic damage. | using macrophages isolated from the livers of normal rats and from rats injected intravenously with corynebacterium parvum 6 days previously, n-acetyl-glucosaminidase (nag) and plasminogen activator (pa) production have been measured during in vitro culture. there was a significant increase (p less than 0.02) in the supernatant activity of nag by the c. parvum recruited macrophages 8.05 +/- 1.17 nmol product/mg protein/h as compared with normal, 3.86 +/- 0.77 nmol product/mg protein/h. there was ... | 1981 | 7009306 |
| bacterial colonization in intubated newborns. | the bacteriology of tracheal aspirates from 127 newborns was studied. specimens were obtained twice a week as long as the newborns were intubated. each newborn had between one and eight specimens taken (average 1.7). 127 babies had one specimen taken, 38 had two, 25 had three, 12 had four, and 10 had more than four specimens taken, which made a total of 212 specimens. no bacterial or fungal growth was obtained from 65 specimens, whereas the remaining specimens (147) yielded 209 bacterial and fun ... | 1980 | 7012971 |
| surgical adjuvant therapy of malignant melanoma with corynebacterium parvum. | the authors' previous surgical adjuvant trial in patients with malignant melanoma at high risk of recurrence has shown no difference in disease-free interval or survival between patients randomized to surgery + bcg or surgery alone. reported here is a subsequent nonrandomized trial in 30 similar patients who received surgery + corynebacterium parvum (cp) 4 mg i.v. daily x 5, followed by 4 mg s.c. weekly for up to three years. after i.v. c. parvum, chills, fever, headache, and hypertension were c ... | 1981 | 7016302 |
| late infection of total hip arthroplasty with propionibacterium acnes: a case and review of the literature. | a 24-year-old woman had a propionibacterium acnes infection of a total hip arthroplasty. the clinical course of an infection with this organism has been previously described in detail. the radiologic appearance of a well-circumscribed lytic defect in the femoral shaft is also an unusual if not unique presentation of late infection after total hip arthroplasty. moreover, simple excision of this infected nidus coupled with antibiotic therapy achieved a complete clinical recovery, in sharp contrast ... | 1981 | 7018779 |
| trapping and killing of candida albicans by corynebacterium parvum-activated livers. | corynebacterium parvum vaccination significantly increased the number of leukocytes adherent to hepatic vessels. perfused c. parvum-treated livers killed significantly more candida albicans than did livers not treated with c. parvum, an effect reversed by the macrophage inhibitors silica, phenylbutazone, and iodoacetate. | 1981 | 7019084 |
| [anaerobic bacteria in clinical specimens of a hospital laboratory (author's transl)]. | over a 14-month period 261 clinical specimens were cultured anaerobically, this figure representing about 3% of the total specimens submitted to the microbiological laboratory. not accepted for anaerobic culture were stools, sputa, urines, vaginal and urethral swabs and swabs from superficial skin lesions. all materials were sent to the laboratory in an anaerobic transport medium and processed according to the recommendations of the american society for microbiology and the center for disease co ... | 1981 | 7020261 |
| host defenses in murine malaria: nonspecific resistance to plasmodium berghei generated in response to mycobacterium bovis infection or corynebacterium parvum stimulation. | infection with mycobacterium bovis (bcg) or injection of killed corynebacterium parvum protected some strain b6d2 f1 (c57bl/6xdba/2) mice but did not protect strain icr or a mice from lethal challenge with plasmodium berghei strain nyu-2. b6d2 mice were not protected against challenges delivered immediately after intravenous injection of these materials, but rather protection developed by day 7 and persisted through at least day 84. infections in protected mice progressed to about 10% parasitemi ... | 1981 | 7021424 |
| endotoxin-induced serum factor kills malarial parasites in vitro. | we investigated the possibility that malarial parasites may be killed by nonspecific soluble mediators, such as those in tumor necrosis serum, that are obtained from mice given macrophage-activating agents like corynebacterium parvum or mycobacterium bovis bcg, followed by endotoxin. such sera killed parasites in vitro after overnight incubation; killing was measured directly by using an in vivo infectivity assay. parasite infectivity was not decreased by incubation in sera from mice given c. pa ... | 1981 | 7021427 |
| antitumor activity of intralesionally administered nocardia opaca preparations in rat and mouse tumors: a comparison with bcg and corynebacterium parvum. | three nocardia products: delipidated cells, lysozyme digest and nocardia water soluble mitogen (nw sm), have been assayed in regression experiments and compared with living bcg and killed c. parvum in rat and mouse fibrosarcomas transplanted intradermally. intratumor injection of these nocardia products induced regression in the bcg sensitive mcfifi2 (s) tumor. these substances were active at a dose of 1 mg, the lysozyme extract and nw sm also being active at 0.1 mg. association with mineral or ... | 1981 | 7021434 |
| phagocytosis and killing of salmonella typhimurium by peritoneal exudate cells. | normal peritoneal cells from conventional, germfree, or nu/nu mice readily killed opsonized salmonellae, an observation that suggests that this activity in the normal peritoneal cavity may not be dependent on either environmental antigenic stimulation or t-cell mediation. in contrast, peritoneal cells elicited 4 days after injection with thioglycolate medium failed to kill opsonized salmonellae but appeared to be highly phagocytic. peritoneal cells from thioglycolate-treated mice could be induce ... | 1981 | 7024128 |
| tuberculin hypersensitivity hepatitis in mice infected with mycobacterium bovis (bcg). | a systemic bcg infection in mice induced multiple small granulomas located mainly in the periportal areas of the liver. following systemic challenge of such mice with purified protein derivative of tuberculin (ppd), a rapidly developing hepatitis with diffuse intralobular mononuclear cell infiltration was precipitated, accompanied by high levels of aspartate transaminase in peripheral blood, hypoglycemia, focal hepatocyte necrosis, and accumulation of fibrinogen in liver. bacterial lipopolysacch ... | 1981 | 7027805 |
| failure of specific active immunotherapy in lung cancer. | a randomized trial comparing routine follow-up with a treatment regimen aimed at increasing specific anti-tumour immunity has been carried out in 95 patients after total surgical excision of lung cancer (not small-cell). treatment consisted of inoculation with an autologous irradiated suspension of tumour cells combined with a small dose of c. parvum given intradermally during convalescence. although treatment was associated with virtually no side effects, there has been no apparent benefit and ... | 1981 | 7028069 |
| immunotherapy for gynecologic malignancies. | | 1981 | 7031696 |
| surgical adjuvant therapy for malignant melanoma. | | 1981 | 7031933 |
| clinical trial of corynebacterium parvum (intra-lymph-node and intravenous) and radiation therapy in the treatment of head and neck carcinoma. | fifty-seven patients with previously untreated squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck region of all clinical stages were entered a trial to evaluate the effectiveness of corynebacterium parvum combined with radiation therapy in improving local and survival results. twenty-nine patients were randomized to receive radiation therapy alone, and 28 patients were randomized to receive radiation therapy combined with c. parvum. the c. parvum was administered into the tumor-bearing lymph nodes of ... | 1982 | 7032681 |
| antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in human cancer: characterization of patient leukocyte activity and treatment effects. | antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (adcc), medicated by peripheral blood hypaque-ficoll separated mononuclear cells, was studied in humans using chicken erythrocytes (crbc) incubated in a 1:1200 dilution of rabbit anti-crbc and human b erythrocytes (hrbc) incubation in a 1:20 dilution of isoantibody. at the optimal target effector ratio of 3:1, adcc to both crbc and hrbc was significantly higher than normal in 27 lung cancer, 18 malignant melanoma, and seven colon cancer patients, but ... | 1982 | 7032682 |
| partial purification and characterization of lipase (ec 3.1.1.3) from propionibacterium acnes. | lipase from propionibacterium acnes has been purified 4800-fold from crude culture supernatant. the purified enzyme preparation had no assayable protease, hyaluronate lyase or acid phosphatase activities. the molecular weight of the lipase was 46,770 as determined by gel filtration. sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed a major protein component (mol. wt 41,190) together with two minor protein components (mol. wt 67,000 and 125,900). the lipase had a ph optimum of 6 ... | 1981 | 7035615 |
| improved survival mediated by corynebacterium parvum following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation in rabbits. | the effect of corynebacterium parvum on survival was studied in aplastic rabbits transplanted with allogeneic bone marrow cells. twenty four hours after receiving 1200 rad of total body irradiation, nzw males were reconstituted from unrelated r females using bone marrow combined with spleen cells or with marrow alone. the effects of treating donor, or both donor and recipient, with c parvum were contrasted. rabbits in group i were infused with a mixture of bone marrow and spleen cells. in contro ... | 1982 | 7037435 |
| effects of corynebacterium parvum vaccine in conjunction with immunosuppression in renal transplant in dogs. | | 1982 | 7039044 |
| specific and nonspecific immunotherapy as an adjunct to curative surgery for cancer of the lung. | attempts to improve survival following curative surgery for non-small-cell lung cancer are reviewed. most of these approaches have been designed to stimulate the resistance of lung cancer patients in a non-specific fashion. living bacteria or products of dead bacteria have been given as adjunctive treatment. various routes have been used; oral, intradermal, subdermal, or intrapleural, with either bcg or corynebacterium parvum. no reproducible benefit has been observed. levamisole has not been pr ... | 1981 | 7039148 |